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Bahlinger V, Branz A, Strissel PL, Strick R, Lange F, Geppert CI, Klümper N, Hölzel M, Wach S, Taubert H, Sikic D, Wullich B, Angeloni M, Ferrazzi F, Diehl L, Kovalenko M, Elboudwarej E, Jürgensmeier JM, Hartmann A, Eckstein M. Associations of TACSTD2/TROP2 and NECTIN-4/NECTIN-4 with molecular subtypes, PD-L1 expression, and FGFR3 mutational status in two advanced urothelial bladder cancer cohorts. Histopathology 2024; 84:863-876. [PMID: 38196202 DOI: 10.1111/his.15130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Treatment options for advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) rapidly evolved: besides immunomodulative therapeutic options and inhibitors targeting Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations, two new antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), sacituzumab govitecan (SG) and enfortumab vedotin (EV), have been approved. However, little is known about the associations of specific aUC properties and the surface target expression of TROP2 and NECTIN-4. Our aim was to characterize associations of TACSTD2/TROP2 and NECTIN-4/NECTIN-4 protein and gene expression with morphomolecular and clinicopathological characteristics of aUC in two large independent cohorts. METHODS AND RESULTS The TCGA BLCA (n = 405) and the CCC-EMN (n = 247) cohorts were retrospectively analysed. TROP2/TACSTD2 and NECTIN-4/NECTIN-4 are highly expressed at the protein and transcript level in aUC, and their expression status did not correlate with patient survival in both cohorts. NECTIN-4/NECTIN-4 expression was higher in luminal tumours and reduced in squamous aUCs. NECTIN-4 was negative in 10.6% of samples, and 18.4% of samples had low expression (H-score <15). The TROP2 negativity rate amounted to 6.5%. TACSTD2 and NECTIN-4 expression was reduced in neuroendocrine-like and/or protein-based double-negative tumours. TROP2- and NECTIN-4-negative tumours included one sarcomatoid and four neuroendocrine aUC. FGFR3 alterations and PD-L1 expression on tumour and immune cells did not associate with TROP2 or NECTIN-4 expression. CONCLUSIONS TACSTD2/TROP2 and NECTIN-4/NECTIN-4 are widely expressed in aUC, independent of FGFR3 alterations or PD-L1 expression, thus representing a suitable target for ADC treatment in the majority of aUC. The expression loss was associated with aggressive morphomolecular aUC subtypes, i.e. neuroendocrine(-like) and sarcomatoid aUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bahlinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annalena Branz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pamela L Strissel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reiner Strick
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabienne Lange
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miriam Angeloni
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Site University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Kawada T, Yanagisawa T, Rajwa P, Motlagh RS, Mostafaei H, Quhal F, Laukhtina E, Pallauf M, König F, Pradere B, Araki M, Nasu Y, Shariat SF. The Prognostic Value of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:535-543.e4. [PMID: 38336572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with bladder cancer (BC) after radical cystectomy (RC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus in April 2022 to identify studies assessing the prognostic value of TILs, including a subset of lymphocytes (eg, CD3, CD8, FOXP3), after RC. The endpoints were overall survival and recurrent free survival. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the evaluation method for TILs (ie, CD3, CD8, FOXP3, HE staining). RESULTS Overall, 9 studies comprising 1413 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that elevated expressions of TILs were significantly associated with favorable OS (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51-0.83) and RFS (pooled HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35-0.64). In subgroup analyses, high CD8+ TILs were also associated with favorable OS (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33-0.80) and RFS (pooled HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36-0.76). Among 3 studies comprising 146 patients, high intratumoral TILs were significantly associated with favorable OS (pooled HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19-0.60). CONCLUSION TILs are useful prognostic markers in patients treated with RC for BC. Although the prognostic value of TILs is varied, depending on the subset and infiltration site, CD8+ TILs and intratumoral TILs are associated with oncologic outcomes. Further studies are warranted to explicate the predictive value of TILs on the response to perioperative systemic therapy to help clinical decision-making in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Kawada
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yanagisawa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Pallauf
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Frederik König
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, La Croix Du Sud Hospital, Quint-Fonsegrives, France
| | - Motoo Araki
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Nasu
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA; Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prag, Czech Republic; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Evidence Medicine, Urology Department Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Angeloni M, van Doeveren T, Lindner S, Volland P, Schmelmer J, Foersch S, Matek C, Stoehr R, Geppert CI, Heers H, Wach S, Taubert H, Sikic D, Wullich B, van Leenders GJLH, Zaburdaev V, Eckstein M, Hartmann A, Boormans JL, Ferrazzi F, Bahlinger V. A deep-learning workflow to predict upper tract urothelial carcinoma protein-based subtypes from H&E slides supporting the prioritization of patients for molecular testing. J Pathol Clin Res 2024; 10:e12369. [PMID: 38504364 PMCID: PMC10951050 DOI: 10.1002/2056-4538.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare and aggressive, yet understudied, urothelial carcinoma (UC). The more frequent UC of the bladder comprises several molecular subtypes, associated with different targeted therapies and overlapping with protein-based subtypes. However, if and how these findings extend to UTUC remains unclear. Artificial intelligence-based approaches could help elucidate UTUC's biology and extend access to targeted treatments to a wider patient audience. Here, UTUC protein-based subtypes were identified, and a deep-learning (DL) workflow was developed to predict them directly from routine histopathological H&E slides. Protein-based subtypes in a retrospective cohort of 163 invasive tumors were assigned by hierarchical clustering of the immunohistochemical expression of three luminal (FOXA1, GATA3, and CK20) and three basal (CD44, CK5, and CK14) markers. Cluster analysis identified distinctive luminal (N = 80) and basal (N = 42) subtypes. The luminal subtype mostly included pushing, papillary tumors, whereas the basal subtype diffusely infiltrating, non-papillary tumors. DL model building relied on a transfer-learning approach by fine-tuning a pre-trained ResNet50. Classification performance was measured via three-fold repeated cross-validation. A mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.67-0.99), 0.8 (95% CI: 0.62-0.99), and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.65-0.96) was reached in the three repetitions. High-confidence DL-based predicted subtypes showed significant associations (p < 0.001) with morphological features, i.e. tumor type, histological subtypes, and infiltration type. Furthermore, a significant association was found with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (p < 0.001) and FGFR3 mutational status (p = 0.002), with high-confidence basal predictions containing a higher proportion of PD-L1 positive samples and high-confidence luminal predictions a higher proportion of FGFR3-mutated samples. Testing of the DL model on an independent cohort highlighted the importance to accommodate histological subtypes. Taken together, our DL workflow can predict protein-based UTUC subtypes, associated with the presence of targetable alterations, directly from H&E slides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Angeloni
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Thomas van Doeveren
- Department of UrologyErasmus MC Urothelial Cancer Research GroupRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Lindner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Patrick Volland
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Jorina Schmelmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | | | - Christian Matek
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Hendrik Heers
- Department of UrologyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Sven Wach
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric UrologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Geert JLH van Leenders
- Department of PathologyErasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical CentreRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Vasily Zaburdaev
- Department of BiologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Max‐Planck‐Zentrum für Physik und MedizinErlangenGermany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
| | - Joost L Boormans
- Department of UrologyErasmus MC Urothelial Cancer Research GroupRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of NephropathologyInstitute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Veronika Bahlinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen‐EMN (CCC ER‐EMN)ErlangenGermany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Pathology and NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center TübingenTübingenGermany
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4
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Haas M, Engelmann SU, Mayr R, Gossler C, Pickl C, Kälble S, Yang Y, Otto W, Hartmann V, Burger M, Hartmann A, Breyer J, Eckstein M. A novel grading approach predicts worse outcomes in stage pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU Int 2024. [PMID: 38409965 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a prognostically relevant scoring system for stage pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) incorporating tumour budding, growth pattern and invasion pattern because the World Health Organisation grading system shows limited prognostic value in such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The tissue specimens and clinical data of 113 patients with stage pT1 NMIBC who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour were retrospectively investigated. Tumour budding, and growth and invasion patterns were evaluated and categorised into two grade groups (GGs). GGs and other clinical and histopathological variables were investigated regarding recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) using univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. RESULTS The integration of two tumour budding groups, two growth patterns, and two invasion patterns yielded an unfavourable GG (n = 28; 24.7%) that had a high impact on oncological outcomes. The unfavourable GG was identified as an independent RFS and OS predictor (P = 0.004 and P = 0.046, respectively) and linked to worse PFS (P = 0.001) and CSS (P = 0.001), irrespective of the European Association of Urology risk group. The unfavourable GG was associated with higher rates of BCG-unresponsive tumours (P = 0.006). Study limitations include the retrospective, single-centre design, diverse therapies and small cohort. CONCLUSIONS We present a morphology-based grading system for stage pT1 NMIBC that correlates with disease aggressiveness and oncological patient outcomes. It therefore identifies a highest risk group of stage pT1 NMIBC patients, who should be followed up more intensively or receive immediate radical cystectomy. The grading incorporates objective variables assessable on haematoxylin and eosin slides and immunohistochemistry, enabling an easy-to-use low-cost approach that is applicable in daily routine. Further studies are needed to validate and confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Haas
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon U Engelmann
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roman Mayr
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Gossler
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Pickl
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kälble
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yushan Yang
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Hartmann
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Burger
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Zhou H, Li R, Liu J, Long J, Chen T. Characterization and verification of CAF-relevant prognostic gene signature to aid therapy in bladder cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23873. [PMID: 38317915 PMCID: PMC10839800 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are significantly involved in determining the patient's prognosis and response to bladder cancer (BLCA) therapy. CAFs can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) as well as complex interaction with immune cells. Hence, it is imperative to identify potential markers for enhancing our understanding of CAFs in BLCA progression and immune regulation. A variety of algorithms and analyses were employed in the study, leading to the development of a novel prognostic feature for CAFs-Stromal-EMT (CSE)-prognostic feature. This feature was constructed based on the genes MFAP5, PCOLCE2, and JUN. Furthermore, we revealed that patients with higher CSE risk scores responded to immunotherapy better compared to those with lower. Finally, we verified two CSE-related genes using in vitro experiments. Our results suggested that the CSE-prognostic feature could predict the prognosis and evaluate the response of patients to immune and chemotherapies. This would aid clinicians in designing treatment strategies for patients with BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruqi Li
- Department of Electrocardiography, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinghong Liu
- Department of Urology, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Long
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Urology, Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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6
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Coelho JQ, Ramos MJ, Ranchor R, Pichel R, Guerra L, Miranda H, Simões J, Azevedo SX, Febra J, Araújo A. What's new about the tumor microenvironment of urothelial carcinoma? Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03384-w. [PMID: 38332225 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma is a significant global health concern that accounts for a substantial part of cancer diagnoses and deaths worldwide. The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem composed of stromal cells, soluble factors, and altered extracellular matrix, that mutually interact in a highly immunomodulated environment, with a prominent role in tumor development, progression, and treatment resistance. This article reviews the current state of knowledge of the different cell populations that compose the tumor microenvironment of urothelial carcinoma, its main functions, and distinct interactions with other cellular and non-cellular components, molecular alterations and aberrant signaling pathways already identified. It also focuses on the clinical implications of these findings, and its potential to translate into improved quality of life and overall survival. Determining new targets or defining prognostic signatures for urothelial carcinoma is an ongoing challenge that could be accelerated through a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ridhi Ranchor
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Pichel
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Guerra
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Miranda
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Simões
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Joana Febra
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Araújo
- Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
- Oncology Research Unit, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Eckstein M, Matek C, Wagner P, Erber R, Büttner-Herold M, Wild PJ, Taubert H, Wach S, Sikic D, Wullich B, Geppert CI, Compérat EM, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R, Cheng L, van der Kwast T, Colecchia M, van Rhijn BWG, Amin MB, Netto GJ, Lehmann J, Stöckle M, Junker K, Hartmann A, Bertz S. Proposal for a Novel Histological Scoring System as a Potential Grading Approach for Muscle-invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer Correlating with Disease Aggressiveness and Patient Outcomes. Eur Urol Oncol 2024; 7:128-138. [PMID: 37562993 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grading of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) criteria is controversial due to its limited prognostic value. All MIBC cases except a tiny minority are of high grade. OBJECTIVE To develop a prognostic histological scoring system for MIBC integrating histomorphological phenotype, stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs), tumor budding, and growth and spreading patterns. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Tissue specimens and clinical data of 484 patients receiving cystectomy and lymphadenectomy with curative intent with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. Histomorphological phenotypes, sTILs, tumor budding, and growth and spreading patterns were evaluated and categorized into four grade groups (GGs). GGs were correlated with molecular subtypes, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activity. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS GGs were associated with overall (OS), disease-specific (DSS), and progression-free (PFS) survival in univariable and multivariable analyses. Association with biological features was analyzed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Integration of two histomorphological tumor groups, three sTILs groups, three tumor budding groups, and four growth/spread patterns yielded four novel GGs that had high significance in the univariable survival analysis (OS, DSS, and PFS). GGs were confirmed as independent prognostic predictors with the greatest effect in the multivariable Cox regression analysis. Correlation with molecular data showed a gradual transition from basal to luminal subtypes from GG1 to GG4; a gradual decrease in survival, immune infiltration, and immune checkpoint activity; and a gradual increase in ECM remodeling and EMT activity. CONCLUSIONS We propose a novel, prognostically relevant, and biologically based scoring system for MIBC in cystectomies applicable to routine pathological sections. PATIENT SUMMARY We developed a novel approach to assess the aggressiveness of advanced bladder cancer, which allows improved risk stratification compared with the method currently proposed by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Matek
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Wagner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany; Department of Nephropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter J Wild
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology (SIP), University Hospital Frankfurt & Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva M Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Lopez-Beltran
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cordoba University, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Molecular Medicine and Cell Therapy Foundation, c/o Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA; The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Theodorus van der Kwast
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maurizio Colecchia
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Bas W G van Rhijn
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Surgical Oncology (Urology), Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mahul B Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Urology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jan Lehmann
- Urologische Gemeinschaftspraxis Prüner Gang, Kiel, Germany; Department of Urology, Städtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Bertz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany.
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8
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Gan X, Dong W, You W, Ding D, Yang Y, Sun D, Li W, Ding W, Liang Y, Yang F, Zhou W, Dong H, Yuan S. Spatial multimodal analysis revealed tertiary lymphoid structures as a risk stratification indicator in combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 581:216513. [PMID: 38036041 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment created by tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) can support and regulate immune responses, affecting the prognosis and immune treatment of patients. Nevertheless, the actual importance of TLSs for predicting the prognosis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) patients remains unclear. Herein, using spatial transcriptomic analysis, we revealed that a gene signature of TLSs specific to cHCC-CCA was associated with high-intensity immune infiltration. Then, a novel scoring system was developed to evaluate the distribution and frequency of TLSs in intra-tumoral and extra-tumoral regions (iTLS and eTLS scores) in 146 cHCC-CCA patients. iTLS score was positively associated with promising prognosis, likely due to the decreased frequency of suppressive immune cell like Tregs, and the ratio of CD163+ macrophages to macrophages in intra-tumoral TLSs via imaging mass cytometry, while improved prognosis is not necessarily indicated by a higher eTLS score. Overall, this study highlights the potential of TLSs as a prognostic factor and an indicator of immune therapy in cHCC-CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Gan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Wei Dong
- The Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobilliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenhua You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Dongyang Ding
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Dapeng Sun
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen Li
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenbin Ding
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Fu Yang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Bioprotection, Shanghai, 200433, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Defense, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Weiping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Hui Dong
- The Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobilliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Shengxian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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9
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van Rijthoven M, Obahor S, Pagliarulo F, van den Broek M, Schraml P, Moch H, van der Laak J, Ciompi F, Silina K. Multi-resolution deep learning characterizes tertiary lymphoid structures and their prognostic relevance in solid tumors. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:5. [PMID: 38182879 PMCID: PMC10770129 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are dense accumulations of lymphocytes in inflamed peripheral tissues, including cancer, and are associated with improved survival and response to immunotherapy in various solid tumors. Histological TLS quantification has been proposed as a novel predictive and prognostic biomarker, but lack of standardized methods of TLS characterization hampers assessment of TLS densities across different patients, diseases, and clinical centers. METHODS We introduce an approach based on HookNet-TLS, a multi-resolution deep learning model, for automated and unbiased TLS quantification and identification of germinal centers in routine hematoxylin and eosin stained digital pathology slides. We developed HookNet-TLS using n = 1019 manually annotated TCGA slides from clear cell renal cell carcinoma, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and lung squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS Here we show that HookNet-TLS automates TLS quantification across multiple cancer types achieving human-level performance and demonstrates prognostic associations similar to visual assessment. CONCLUSIONS HookNet-TLS has the potential to be used as a tool for objective quantification of TLS in routine H&E digital pathology slides. We make HookNet-TLS publicly available to promote its use in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mart van Rijthoven
- Pathology Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
| | - Simon Obahor
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Pagliarulo
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Schraml
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van der Laak
- Pathology Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Francesco Ciompi
- Pathology Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Karina Silina
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Wang G, Li T, Wan Y, Li Q. MYC expression and fatty acid oxidation in EGFR-TKI acquired resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101019. [PMID: 37984225 PMCID: PMC10843604 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This report expands on our previous research, highlighting a unique inverse correlation between MYC expression in tumor cells and immune cells during the development of EGFR-TKI resistance. It is observed that MYC expression and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) metabolism in tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8 + T cells are significantly impaired. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms of TKI resistance. Although the study is preliminary, it suggests caution when interpreting the effectiveness of MYC inhibitors in reversing TKI resistance, especially when immune factors are not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoSheng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, No. 30 Tongyang bei Road, Tongzhou District, 226361, China
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States.
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
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11
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Goubet AG, Rouanne M, Derosa L, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. From mucosal infection to successful cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:682-700. [PMID: 37433926 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The clinical management of advanced malignancies of the upper and lower urinary tract has been revolutionized with the advent of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). ICBs reinstate or bolster pre-existing immune responses while creating new T cell specificities. Immunogenic cancers, which tend to benefit more from immunotherapy than cold tumours, harbour tumour-specific neoantigens, often associated with a high tumour mutational burden, as well as CD8+ T cell infiltrates and ectopic lymphoid structures. The identification of beneficial non-self tumour antigens and natural adjuvants is the focus of current investigation. Moreover, growing evidence suggests that urinary or intestinal commensals, BCG and uropathogenic Escherichia coli influence long-term responses in patients with kidney or bladder cancer treated with ICBs. Bacteria infecting urothelium could be a prominent target for T follicular helper cells and B cells, linking innate and cognate CD8+ memory responses. In the urinary tract, commensal flora differ between healthy and tumoural mucosae. Although antibiotics can affect the prognosis of urinary tract malignancies, bacteria can have a major influence on cancer immunosurveillance. Beyond their role as biomarkers, immune responses against uropathogenic commensals could be harnessed for the design of future immunoadjuvants that can be advantageously combined with ICBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Rouanne
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
- Center of Clinical Investigations for In Situ Biotherapies of Cancer (BIOTHERIS) INSERM, CIC1428, Villejuif, France.
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12
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Soteriou D, Kubánková M, Schweitzer C, López-Posadas R, Pradhan R, Thoma OM, Györfi AH, Matei AE, Waldner M, Distler JHW, Scheuermann S, Langejürgen J, Eckstein M, Schneider-Stock R, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Hartmann A, Guck J. Rapid single-cell physical phenotyping of mechanically dissociated tissue biopsies. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1392-1403. [PMID: 37024677 PMCID: PMC10651479 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
During surgery, rapid and accurate histopathological diagnosis is essential for clinical decision making. Yet the prevalent method of intra-operative consultation pathology is intensive in time, labour and costs, and requires the expertise of trained pathologists. Here we show that biopsy samples can be analysed within 30 min by sequentially assessing the physical phenotypes of singularized suspended cells dissociated from the tissues. The diagnostic method combines the enzyme-free mechanical dissociation of tissues, real-time deformability cytometry at rates of 100-1,000 cells s-1 and data analysis by unsupervised dimensionality reduction and logistic regression. Physical phenotype parameters extracted from brightfield images of single cells distinguished cell subpopulations in various tissues, enhancing or even substituting measurements of molecular markers. We used the method to quantify the degree of colon inflammation and to accurately discriminate healthy and tumorous tissue in biopsy samples of mouse and human colons. This fast and label-free approach may aid the intra-operative detection of pathological changes in solid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Soteriou
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markéta Kubánková
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schweitzer
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rocío López-Posadas
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rashmita Pradhan
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oana-Maria Thoma
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea-Hermina Györfi
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandru-Emil Matei
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Eckstein
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1-Gastroenterology, Pneumology and Endocrinology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany.
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13
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Dyrskjøt L, Hansel DE, Efstathiou JA, Knowles MA, Galsky MD, Teoh J, Theodorescu D. Bladder cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:58. [PMID: 37884563 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a global health issue with sex differences in incidence and prognosis. Bladder cancer has distinct molecular subtypes with multiple pathogenic pathways depending on whether the disease is non-muscle invasive or muscle invasive. The mutational burden is higher in muscle-invasive than in non-muscle-invasive disease. Commonly mutated genes include TERT, FGFR3, TP53, PIK3CA, STAG2 and genes involved in chromatin modification. Subtyping of both forms of bladder cancer is likely to change considerably with the advent of single-cell analysis methods. Early detection signifies a better disease prognosis; thus, minimally invasive diagnostic options are needed to improve patient outcomes. Urine-based tests are available for disease diagnosis and surveillance, and analysis of blood-based cell-free DNA is a promising tool for the detection of minimal residual disease and metastatic relapse. Transurethral resection is the cornerstone treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and intravesical therapy can further improve oncological outcomes. For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care with evidence supporting trimodality therapy. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated benefit in non-muscle-invasive, muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach that considers patient characteristics and molecular disease characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Dyrskjøt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Donna E Hansel
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret A Knowles
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Teoh
- S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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14
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Cohn DE, Forder A, Marshall EA, Vucic EA, Stewart GL, Noureddine K, Lockwood WW, MacAulay CE, Guillaud M, Lam WL. Delineating spatial cell-cell interactions in the solid tumour microenvironment through the lens of highly multiplexed imaging. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275890. [PMID: 37936700 PMCID: PMC10627006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and metastasis of solid tumours is known to be facilitated by the tumour microenvironment (TME), which is composed of a highly diverse collection of cell types that interact and communicate with one another extensively. Many of these interactions involve the immune cell population within the TME, referred to as the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME). These non-cell autonomous interactions exert substantial influence over cell behaviour and contribute to the reprogramming of immune and stromal cells into numerous pro-tumourigenic phenotypes. The study of some of these interactions, such as the PD-1/PD-L1 axis that induces CD8+ T cell exhaustion, has led to the development of breakthrough therapeutic advances. Yet many common analyses of the TME either do not retain the spatial data necessary to assess cell-cell interactions, or interrogate few (<10) markers, limiting the capacity for cell phenotyping. Recently developed digital pathology technologies, together with sophisticated bioimage analysis programs, now enable the high-resolution, highly-multiplexed analysis of diverse immune and stromal cell markers within the TME of clinical specimens. In this article, we review the tumour-promoting non-cell autonomous interactions in the TME and their impact on tumour behaviour. We additionally survey commonly used image analysis programs and highly-multiplexed spatial imaging technologies, and we discuss their relative advantages and limitations. The spatial organization of the TME varies enormously between patients, and so leveraging these technologies in future studies to further characterize how non-cell autonomous interactions impact tumour behaviour may inform the personalization of cancer treatment..
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Cohn
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aisling Forder
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin A. Marshall
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emily A. Vucic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Greg L. Stewart
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kouther Noureddine
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William W. Lockwood
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Calum E. MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martial Guillaud
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Klümper N, Wüst L, Saal J, Ralser DJ, Zarbl R, Jarczyk J, Breyer J, Sikic D, Wullich B, Bolenz C, Roghmann F, Hölzel M, Ritter M, Strieth S, Hartmann A, Erben P, Wirtz RM, Landsberg J, Dietrich D, Eckstein M. PD-L1 ( CD274) promoter hypomethylation predicts immunotherapy response in metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2267744. [PMID: 37868689 PMCID: PMC10588513 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2267744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 status assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has failed to reliably predict outcomes for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). PD-L1 promoter methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that has been shown to regulate PD-L1 mRNA expression in various malignancies. The aim of our present study was to evaluate the predictive potential of PD-L1 promoter methylation status (mPD-L1) in ICB-treated mUC compared to conventional IHC-based PD-L1 assessment. We quantified mPD-L1 in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections using an established quantitative methylation-specific PCR assay (qMSP) in a well-characterized multicenter ICB-treated cohort comprising N = 107 patients with mUC. Additionally, PD-L1 protein expression in tumor tissues was assessed using regulatory approved IHC protocols. The effect of pharmacological hypomethylation by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine in combination with interferon-γ stimulation in urothelial carcinoma cell lines was investigated by IHC and FACS. mPD-L1 hypomethylation predicted objective response rate at the first staging on ICB. Patients with tumors categorized as PD-L1 hypomethylated (lower quartile) showed significantly prolonged progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after ICB initiation. In contrast, PD-L1 protein expression status neither correlated with response nor survival. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, PD-L1 promoter hypermethylation remained an independent predictor of unfavorable PFS and OS. In urothelial carcinoma cell lines, pharmacological demethylation led to an upregulation of membranous PD-L1 expression and an enhanced inducibility of PD-L1 expression by interferon γ. Hypomethylation of the PD-L1 promoter is a promising predictive biomarker for response to ICB in patients with mUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Lennert Wüst
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Saal
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immune-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Damian J. Ralser
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Romina Zarbl
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Jarczyk
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, Caritas Hospital St. Josef, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralph M. Wirtz
- Center for Integrated Oncology, STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer Landsberg
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung, BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Rani B, Ignatz-Hoover JJ, Rana PS, Driscoll JJ. Current and Emerging Strategies to Treat Urothelial Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4886. [PMID: 37835580 PMCID: PMC10571746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC, bladder cancer, BC) remains a difficult-to-treat malignancy with a rising incidence worldwide. In the U.S., UCC is the sixth most incident neoplasm and ~90% of diagnoses are made in those >55 years of age; it is ~four times more commonly observed in men than women. The most important risk factor for developing BC is tobacco smoking, which accounts for ~50% of cases, followed by occupational exposure to aromatic amines and ionizing radiation. The standard of care for advanced UCC includes platinum-based chemotherapy and programmed cell death (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, administered as frontline, second-line, or maintenance therapy. UCC remains generally incurable and is associated with intrinsic and acquired drug and immune resistance. UCC is lethal in the metastatic state and characterized by genomic instability, high PD-L1 expression, DNA damage-response mutations, and a high tumor mutational burden. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieve long-term durable responses in other cancers, their ability to achieve similar results with metastatic UCC (mUCC) is not as well-defined. Here, we discuss therapies to improve UCC management and how comprehensive tumor profiling can identify actionable biomarkers and eventually fulfill the promise of precision medicine for UCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkha Rani
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (B.R.); (J.J.I.-H.); (P.S.R.)
| | - James J. Ignatz-Hoover
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (B.R.); (J.J.I.-H.); (P.S.R.)
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Priyanka S. Rana
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (B.R.); (J.J.I.-H.); (P.S.R.)
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - James J. Driscoll
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (B.R.); (J.J.I.-H.); (P.S.R.)
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Adult Hematologic Malignancies & Stem Cell Transplant Section, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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17
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Söhngen C, Thomas DJ, Skowron MA, Bremmer F, Eckstein M, Stefanski A, Driessen MD, Wakileh GA, Stühler K, Altevogt P, Theodorescu D, Klapdor R, Schambach A, Nettersheim D. CD24 targeting with NK-CAR immunotherapy in testis, prostate, renal and (luminal-type) bladder cancer and identification of direct CD24 interaction partners. FEBS J 2023; 290:4864-4876. [PMID: 37254618 PMCID: PMC11129509 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Alternative therapeutic options targeting urologic malignancies, such as germ cell tumours, as well as urothelial, renal and prostate carcinomas, are still urgently needed. The membrane protein CD24 represents a promising immunotherapeutical approach. The present study aimed to decipher the molecular function of CD24 in vitro and evaluate the cytotoxic capacity of a third-generation natural killer (NK) cell chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against CD24 in urologic tumour cell lines. Up to 20 urologic tumour cell lines and several non-malignant control cells were included. XTT viability assays and annexin V/propidium iodide flow cytometry analyses were performed to measure cell viability and apoptosis rates, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry analyses identified direct interaction partners of CD24. Luciferase reporter assays were used to functionally validate transactivation of CD24 expression by SOX2. N- and O-glycosylation of CD24 were evaluated by enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry. The study demonstrates that SOX2 transactivates CD24 expression in embryonal carcinoma cells. In cells of different urological origins, CD24 interacted with proteins involved in cell adhesion, ATP binding, phosphoprotein binding and post-translational modifications, such as histone acetylation and ubiquitination. Treatment of urological tumour cells with NK-CD24-CAR cells resulted in a decreased cell viability and apoptosis induction specifically in CD24+ tumour cells. Limitations of the study include the in vitro setting, which still has to be confirmed in vivo. In conclusion, we show that CD24 is a promising novel target for immune therapeutic approaches targeting urologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Söhngen
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David J. Thomas
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margaretha A. Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc D. Driessen
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gamal A. Wakileh
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Altevogt
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rüdiger Klapdor
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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18
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Shen C, Zhang DL, Cheng XL, Zhang WC, Zhao JJ. Urological Tumor: A Narrative Review of Tertiary Lymphatic Structures. Urol Int 2023; 107:841-847. [PMID: 37769625 PMCID: PMC10623398 DOI: 10.1159/000532127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), as ectopic lymphoid-like tissues, are highly similar to secondary lymphoid organs and are not only involved in chronic inflammation and autoimmune responses but are also closely associated with tumor immunotherapy and prognosis. The complex composition of the urological tumor microenvironment not only varies greatly in response to immunotherapy, but the prognostic value of TLSs in different urological tumors remains controversial. SUMMARY We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and other full-text database systems. TLSs, kidney cancer, uroepithelial cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer as keywords, relevant literature was searched from the time the library was built to 2023. Systematically explore the role and mechanism of TLSs in urological tumors. It includes the characteristics of TLSs, the role and mechanism of TLSs in urological tumors, and the clinical significance of TLSs in urological tumors. KEY MESSAGES The prognostic role of TLSs in different urological tumors was significantly different. It is not only related to its enrichment in the tumor but also highly correlated with the location of the tumor. In addition, autoimmune toxicity may be a potential barrier to its role in the formation of TLSs through induction. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of TLSs in autoimmune diseases may help in the development of antitumor target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- College of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Dong-Li Zhang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Xiao-Long Cheng
- Department of Urology II, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
| | - Wei-Chuan Zhang
- Department of Urology II, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhao
- Department of Urology II, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, China
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19
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van Dorp J, van der Heijden MS. The bladder cancer immune micro-environment in the context of response to immune checkpoint inhibition. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1235884. [PMID: 37727793 PMCID: PMC10505825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the default treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BC). However, with the encouraging results of immune checkpoint inhibitiors (ICI) directed against PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in recent years, the treatment landscape of BC is rapidly changing. In addition, it is becoming clear that the effect of ICI is highly dependent on the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME). Different immune cells are involved in an anti-tumor response in BC. Cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells are the main effector cells, aided by other immune cells including other T-cells, B-cells and pro-inflammatory macrophages. As part of the ongoing anti-tumor immune response, lymphocytes aggregate in clusters called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and infiltration of immune cells into the tumor are both important factors for establishing an anti-tumor immune response. In contrast, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) prevents infiltration of lymphocytes and potentially has an immunosuppressive effect. In conclusion, the effect of ICI seems to be reliant on a combination of tumor-intrinsic and TIME-related parameters. More research is needed to fully understand the underlying biological mechanisms to further improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van Dorp
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michiel S. van der Heijden
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Wan Z, Wang Y, Li C, Zheng D. The G protein-coupled receptor-related gene signatures for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220682. [PMID: 37588995 PMCID: PMC10426760 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract with a high lethality rate, and its immunotherapy resistance and tumor recurrence have become a major challenge in its clinical treatment. G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPRs) are the largest family of receptors on the cell membrane surface, involved in multiple signaling pathways, and are excellent targets for oncology drug action. The transcriptome profile, single cell transcriptome profile, and clinical data of BLCA were extracted and integrated from TCGA and GEO databases, respectively. The GPR-related genes were obtained from GSEA-MSigDB database. The GPR-related gene signatures of 15 genes were constructed by using the methods of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, multifactor Cox model. At the same time, tumor microenvironment (TME)-score signatures were constructed based on the immune microenvironment of BLCA, and GPR-TME-score signature was further constructed. The stability of this model was verified by using the external dataset GSE160693. We constructed risk groups by combining BLCA patient prognostic information, and with the help of BLCA scRNA transcriptome profiling, we explored differences in prognosis, immune scores, cell-cell interactions, tumor mutational burden, immune checkpoints, and response to immunotherapy in each risk group. We found that the GPR-TME-score signature was an independent prognostic factor for BLCA patients. the TME-score was a protective factor for the prognosis of BLCA patients. Among BLCA patients, GPR-high + TME-low risk group had the worst prognosis, while GPR-high + TME-high risk group had the best prognosis, and the latter had better immune score and immunotherapy response. The above differences in immune response among the subgroups may be related to the higher immune cell infiltration in the GPR-high + TME-high group. GPR-related gene signatures and TME are closely related to BLCA prognosis and immunotherapy, and GPR-related gene signature can be a useful tool to assess BLCA prognosis and immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiang Wan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Suining, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Department of Urology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Dongbing Zheng
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Font A, Domenech M, Ramirez JL, Marqués M, Benítez R, Ruiz de Porras V, Gago JL, Carrato C, Sant F, Lopez H, Castellano D, Malats N, Calle ML, Real FX. Predictive signature of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer integrating mRNA expression, taxonomic subtypes, and clinicopathological features. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1155244. [PMID: 37588099 PMCID: PMC10426739 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1155244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by cystectomy is the standard of care in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Pathological response has been associated with longer survival, but no currently available clinicopathological variables can identify patients likely to respond, highlighting the need for predictive biomarkers. We sought to identify a predictive signature of response to NAC integrating clinical score, taxonomic subtype, and gene expression. Material and methods From 1994 to 2014, pre-treatment tumor samples were collected from MIBC patients (stage T2-4N0/+M0) at two Spanish hospitals. A clinical score was determined based on stage, hydronephrosis and histology. Taxonomic subtypes (BASQ, luminal, and mixed) were identified by immunohistochemistry. A custom set of 41 genes involved in DNA damage repair and immune response was analyzed in 84 patients with the NanoString nCounter platform. Genes related to pathological response were identified by LASSO penalized logistic regression. NAC consisted of cisplatin/methotrexate/vinblastine until 2000, after which most patients received cisplatin/gemcitabine. The capacity of the integrated signature to predict pathological response was assessed with AUC. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Results LASSO selected eight genes to be included in the signature (RAD51, IFNγ, CHEK1, CXCL9, c-MET, KRT14, HERC2, FOXA1). The highest predictive accuracy was observed with the inclusion in the model of only three genes (RAD51, IFNɣ, CHEK1). The integrated clinical-taxonomic-gene expression signature including these three genes had a higher predictive ability (AUC=0.71) than only clinical score plus taxonomic subtype (AUC=0.58) or clinical score alone (AUC=0.56). This integrated signature was also significantly associated with OS (p=0.02) and DSS (p=0.02). Conclusions We have identified a predictive signature for response to NAC in MIBC patients that integrates the expression of three genes with clinicopathological characteristics and taxonomic subtypes. Prospective studies to validate these results are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Font
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Domenech
- Medical Oncology Department, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Ramirez
- Hematology Service, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO) Badalona-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Lymphoid Neoplasms Group, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain
| | - Miriam Marqués
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Benítez
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicenç Ruiz de Porras
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L. Gago
- Urology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Carrato
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Sant
- Pathology Department, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - Hector Lopez
- Urology Department, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Luz Calle
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco X. Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Cancer Network (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Guan X, Lu D, Chen Z, Wang Z, Zhou G, Fan Y. Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer via microfluidic immunoassay of the protein biomarker NMP22. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 37377044 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00664f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the bladder mucosa and has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Early diagnosis means that cystoscopy-aided imaging is invasive and pricey. Microfluidic immunoassay enables noninvasive detection of early BC. However, its clinical applications are limited due to the poor internal design and hydrophobic surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip. This study aims to design a PDMS chip with right-moon capture arrays and prepare a hydrophilic surface by APTES with different concentrations (PDMS-three-step: O2 plasma-5-98% APTES), which facilitates early detection of BC with enhanced sensitivity. Simulations showed that the right-moon arrays in the capture chamber reduced the flow velocity and shear stress of the target molecule NMP22, improving the capture performance of the chip. PDMS-three-step surface was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle, and antibody immobilization. The results displayed that the contact angle of PDMS-three-step remained in the range of 40° to 50° even after 30 days of exposure to air, leading to a more stable hydrophilic surface. The effectiveness of the PDMS chip was assessed via the quantitative immunoassay of the protein marker NMP22 and its sensitivity analysis to urine. After the assessment, the LOD of NMP22 was 2.57 ng mL-1, and the sensitivity was 86.67%, which proved that the PDMS chip was effective. Thus, this study provided a novel design and modification method of the microfluidic chip for the early detection of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Guan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Da Lu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhigang Chen
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhuya Wang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Gang Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Beihang University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Beihang University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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23
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Gilyazova I, Enikeeva K, Rafikova G, Kagirova E, Sharifyanova Y, Asadullina D, Pavlov V. Epigenetic and Immunological Features of Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9854. [PMID: 37373000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the urogenital system in adults. Globally, the incidence of BLCA is more than 500,000 new cases worldwide annually, and every year, the number of registered cases of BLCA increases noticeably. Currently, the diagnosis of BLCA is based on cystoscopy and cytological examination of urine and additional laboratory and instrumental studies. However, cystoscopy is an invasive study, and voided urine cytology has a low level of sensitivity, so there is a clear need to develop more reliable markers and test systems for detecting the disease with high sensitivity and specificity. Human body fluids (urine, serum, and plasma) are known to contain significant amounts of tumorigenic nucleic acids, circulating immune cells and proinflammatory mediators that can serve as noninvasive biomarkers, particularly useful for early cancer detection, follow-up of patients, and personalization of their treatment. The review describes the most significant advances in epigenetics of BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Kadriia Enikeeva
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Rafikova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Evelina Kagirova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Yuliya Sharifyanova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Dilara Asadullina
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia
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24
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Koti M, Bivalacqua T, Black PC, Cathomen T, Galsky MD, Gulley JL, Ingersoll MA, Kamat AM, Kassouf W, Siemens DR, Gao J. Adaptive Immunity in Genitourinary Cancers. Eur Urol Oncol 2023; 6:263-272. [PMID: 37069029 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT While urothelial and renal cell cancers have exhibited modest responses to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death ligand 1 and its receptor, response rates in patients with prostate cancer have remained poor. The factors underlying suboptimal outcomes observed in patients treated with novel immunotherapies are still to be resolved. OBJECTIVE To review the literature and describe the key adaptive immune physiological events associated with cancer progression and therapeutic response in genitourinary (GU) cancers. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a nonsystematic, collaborative narrative review to highlight recent advancements leading to the current state of knowledge on the critical mediators of antitumor adaptive immunity to GU cancers. Further, we discuss the findings on the pre- and post-treatment immunological events that either are unique to each of the three cancer types or exhibit overlapping clinical associations. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Aging-associated immune function decline is a major factor underlying poor outcomes observed in patients treated with both conventional and novel immunotherapies. Other cancer immunobiological aspects associated with suboptimal responses in GU cancers include the overall tumor mutational burden, mutations in specific tumor suppressor/DNA damage repair genes (KDM6A, PTEN, STAG2, TP53, ATM, and BRCA2), and abundance of multiple functional states of adaptive immune cells and their spatiotemporal localization within the tumor immune microenvironment. Understanding these mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers such as immune cell infiltration profiles and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) that associate with variable clinical outcomes depending on the nature of the novel immunotherapeutic approach. Implementation of newer immune-monitoring technologies and improved preclinical modeling systems will augment our understanding of the host and tumor intrinsic factors contributing to the variability of responses to immunotherapies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the tremendous progress made in the understanding of dynamic and static adaptive immune elements within the tumor immune landscape, several knowledge gaps remain. A comprehensive knowledge thus gained will lead to precision immunotherapy, improved drug sequencing, and a therapeutic response. PATIENT SUMMARY We performed a collaborative review by a diverse group of experts in the field to examine our understanding of the events and crosstalk between cancer cells and the patient's immune system that are associated with responses to novel immunotherapies. An evolving understanding of tumor-intrinsic and host-related immune alterations, both before and after therapy, will aid in the discovery of promising markers of responses to immunotherapy as well as the development of unique therapeutic approaches for the management of genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Trinity Bivalacqua
- Department of Urology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine & Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James L Gulley
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, 75014, France; Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Robert Siemens
- Department of Urology, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Wang Z, Wang T, Wu G, Zhu L, Zhang J. Clinical Significance and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization of a Novel Immune-Related Gene Signature in Bladder Cancer. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051892. [PMID: 36902678 PMCID: PMC10003605 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy plays a crucial role in bladder cancer (BC) progression. Increasing evidence has elucidated the clinicopathologic significance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in predicting outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. This study sought to establish a comprehensive analysis of the immune-gene signature combined with TME to assist in BC prognosis. We selected sixteen immune-related genes (IRGs) after a weighted gene co-expression network and survival analysis. Enrichment analysis revealed that these IRGs were actively involved in Mitophagy and Renin secretion pathways. After multivariable COX analysis, the IRGPI comprising NCAM1, CNTN1, PTGIS, ADRB3, and ANLN was established to predict the overall survival of BC, which was validated in both TCGA and GSE13507 cohorts. In addition, a TME gene signature was developed for molecular and prognosis subtyping with unsupervised clustering, followed by a panoramic landscape characterization of BC. In summary, the IRGPI model developed in our study provided a valuable tool with an improved prognosis for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Advanced Biological Screening Facility, BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Gangfeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Surgical Oncology (A430), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (J.Z.)
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26
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Koll FJ, Banek S, Kluth L, Köllermann J, Bankov K, Chun FKH, Wild PJ, Weigert A, Reis H. Tumor-associated macrophages and Tregs influence and represent immune cell infiltration of muscle-invasive bladder cancer and predict prognosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 36793050 PMCID: PMC9930232 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with limited response rates to systemic therapy, risk of recurrence and death. Tumor infiltrating immune cells have been associated with outcome and response to chemo-and immunotherapy in MIBC. We aimed to profile the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to predict prognosis in MIBC and responses to adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS We performed multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC) profiling and quantification of immune and stromal cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD163, FoxP3, PD-1, and CD45, Vimentin, αSMA, PD-L1, Pan-Cytokeratin, Ki67) in 101 patients with MIBC receiving radical cystectomy. We used uni- and multivariate survival analyses to identify cell types predicting prognosis. Samples were subdivided using K-means clustering for Treg and macrophage infiltration resulting in 3 clusters, Cluster 1: Treg high, cluster 2: macrophage high, cluster 3: Treg and macrophage low. Routine CD68 and CD163 IHC were analyzed with QuPath in an extended cohort of 141 MIBC. RESULTS High concentrations of macrophages were associated with increased risk of death (HR 10.9, 95% CI 2.8-40.5; p < 0.001) and high concentrations of Tregs were associated with decreased risk of death (HR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01-0.7; p = 0.03) in the multivariate Cox-regression model adjusting for adjuvant chemotherapy, tumor and lymph node stage. Patients in the macrophage rich cluster (2) showed the worst OS with and without adjuvant chemotherapy. The Treg rich cluster (1) showed high levels of effector and proliferating immune cells and had the best survival. Cluster 1 and 2 both were rich in PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on tumor and immune cells. CONCLUSION Treg and macrophage concentrations in MIBC are independent predictors of prognosis and are important players in the TME. Standard IHC with CD163 for macrophages is feasible to predict prognosis but validation to use immune-cell infiltration, especially to predict response to systemic therapies, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florestan J. Koll
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Severine Banek
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Luis Kluth
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jens Köllermann
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Bankov
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix K.-H. Chun
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter J. Wild
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ,grid.417999.b0000 0000 9260 4223Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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27
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Helal DS, Darwish SA, Awad RA, Ali DA, El-Guindy DM. Immunohistochemical based molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: association with HER2 and EGFR alterations, neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and survival. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:11. [PMID: 36737799 PMCID: PMC9896690 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) is a group of molecularly heterogonous diseases that could be stratified into subtypes with distinct clinical courses and sensitivities to chemotherapy. Clinical application of molecular subtypes could help in prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) responders. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers such as GATA3, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, and p53 are associated with these subtypes and are widely available. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are mutated in multiple cancers including MIBC and are potential therapeutic targets. HER2/EGFR status of MIBC subtypes has not been investigated. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURB) specimens and stained with GATA3,CK5/6,p53 and HER2 in addition to Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR for detection of EGFR gene. Of the total cases, 45% were luminal, 36.7% basal and 18.3% p53 wild subtype (p53-WT). Univariate analysis showed that overall survival (OS) and disease-free progression survival (DFS) were significantly longer for luminal subtype. In multivariate analysis, molecular subtype, HER2 status and LV invasion were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. Basal subtype showed a significantly better response to NAC. HER2 expression was significantly higher in luminal while EGFR expression was significantly higher in basal subtype. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed a significant longer OS and DFS for HER2 negative than positive cases. MIBC can be stratified using a simple IHC panel [GATA3,CK5/6,P53] into clinically relevant prognostic molecular subtypes. Basal tumors are aggressive and respond well to NAC while luminal have better OS. P53-WT tumors are chemoresistant and require further treatments. HER2 and EGFR are potential therapeutic targets for molecular subtypes of MIBC where luminal tumors are more likely to benefit from HER2 and basal from EGFR directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa S. Helal
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
| | - Sara A. Darwish
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Radwa A. Awad
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina A. Ali
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina M. El-Guindy
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527 Egypt
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28
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Jeon AJ, Teo YY, Sekar K, Chong SL, Wu L, Chew SC, Chen J, Kendarsari RI, Lai H, Ling WH, Kaya NA, Lim JQ, Ramasamy A, Oguz G, Chung AYF, Chan CY, Cheow PC, Kam JH, Madhavan K, Kow A, Ganpathi IS, Lim TKH, Leow WQ, Loong S, Loh TJ, Wan WK, Soon GST, Pang YH, Yoong BK, Ong DBL, Lim J, de Villa VH, Cruz RD, Chanwat R, Thammasiri J, Bonney GK, Goh BKP, Tucker-Kellogg G, Foo RSY, Chow PKH. Multi-region sampling with paired sample sequencing analyses reveals sub-groups of patients with novel patient-specific dysregulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:118. [PMID: 36737737 PMCID: PMC9896715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional differential expression (DE) testing compares the grouped mean value of tumour samples to the grouped mean value of the normal samples, and may miss out dysregulated genes in small subgroup of patients. This is especially so for highly heterogeneous cancer like Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Using multi-region sampled RNA-seq data of 90 patients, we performed patient-specific differential expression testing, together with the patients' matched adjacent normal samples. RESULTS Comparing the results from conventional DE analysis and patient-specific DE analyses, we show that the conventional DE analysis omits some genes due to high inter-individual variability present in both tumour and normal tissues. Dysregulated genes shared in small subgroup of patients were useful in stratifying patients, and presented differential prognosis. We also showed that the target genes of some of the current targeted agents used in HCC exhibited highly individualistic dysregulation pattern, which may explain the poor response rate. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our results highlight the importance of identifying patient-specific DE genes, with its potential to provide clinically valuable insights into patient subgroups for applications in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Jung Jeon
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yue-Yang Teo
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karthik Sekar
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shay Lee Chong
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingyan Wu
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sin-Chi Chew
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianbin Chen
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raden Indah Kendarsari
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hannah Lai
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Huan Ling
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Neslihan Arife Kaya
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Qi Lim
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adaikalavan Ramasamy
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gokce Oguz
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alexander Yaw-Fui Chung
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chung Yip Chan
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peng-Chung Cheow
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juinn Huar Kam
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Krishnakumar Madhavan
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alfred Kow
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Iyer Shridhar Ganpathi
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Wei-Qiang Leow
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Shihleone Loong
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Tracy Jiezhen Loh
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Wei Keat Wan
- grid.163555.10000 0000 9486 5048Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608 Singapore
| | - Gwyneth Shook Ting Soon
- grid.412106.00000 0004 0621 9599Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119074 Singapore
| | - Yin Huei Pang
- grid.412106.00000 0004 0621 9599Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119074 Singapore
| | - Boon Koon Yoong
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Diana Bee-Lan Ong
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jasmine Lim
- grid.10347.310000 0001 2308 5949Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vanessa H. de Villa
- Department of Surgery and Center for Liver Health and Transplantation, The Medical City, Pasig City, Metro Manila Philippines
| | - Rouchelle D.dela Cruz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, The Medical City, Pasig City, Metro Manila Philippines
| | - Rawisak Chanwat
- grid.419173.90000 0000 9607 5779Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jidapa Thammasiri
- grid.419173.90000 0000 9607 5779Division of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Glenn K. Bonney
- grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K. P. Goh
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Greg Tucker-Kellogg
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Sik Yin Foo
- grid.185448.40000 0004 0637 0221Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pierce K. H. Chow
- grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital and National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745Program in Clinical and Translational Liver Cancer Research, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Academic Clinical Programme for Surgery, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Erlmeier F, Klümper N, Landgraf L, Strissel PL, Strick R, Sikic D, Taubert H, Wach S, Geppert CI, Bahlinger V, Breyer J, Ritter M, Bolenz C, Roghmann F, Erben P, Schwamborn K, Wirtz RM, Horn T, Wullich B, Hölzel M, Hartmann A, Gschwend JE, Weichert W, Eckstein M. Spatial Immunephenotypes of Distant Metastases but not Matched Primary Urothelial Carcinomas Predict Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition. Eur Urol 2023; 83:133-142. [PMID: 36372626 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The value of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) to predict durable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is inconsistent. We hypothesize that the use of archived primary tumor material (PRIM) for PD-L1 testing in clinical trials not properly reflecting the metastatic disease status (MET) contributes to this clinical issue. OBJECTIVE To analyze the predictive and prognostic value of PD-L1, spatial immunephenotypes, and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) determined in patient-matched PRIM/MET. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS PD-L1, spatial immunephenotypes, and MHC-I were examined in 154 mUC patients with at least one available pretreatment MET (138 patient-matched PRIM/MET pairs). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PD-L1, spatial immunephenotype, and MHC-I status of (patient-matched PRIM and) pretreatment MET were correlated with chemotherapy and ICI response and outcomes. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Discordance rates in patient-matched PRIM/MET were 25/30%, 36%, and 49% for PD-L1 (CPS10/IC5%), immunephenotypes, and MHC-I (loss vs preserved), respectively. Correlations with chemotherapy and ICI responses were observed for immunephenotypes and MHC-I status determined in MET (not for PD-L1 alone), but not in PRIM. In case of ICIs, patients with cytotoxic tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) showed durable responses with disease control rates of 90% and a hazard ratio for disease progression/death of 0.05 (95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.65) versus patients with immunedepleted MET (disease control rate 29%). MET MHC-I status added an incremental value to predict durable ICI responses. Limitations include the partly retrospective design and the lack of MET multisampling on individual patient level. CONCLUSIONS The TIME is subject to substantial dynamics during metastatic evolution. MET immunephenotypes and MHC-I statuses show promising potential to predict chemotherapy and durable ICI responses, while the PRIM TIME does not. Thus, future clinical trials should rather rely on pretreatment MET biopsies reflecting the current immunological disease state than on PRIM. PATIENT SUMMARY Prediction of chemotherapy and responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors might be possible using representative pretreatment metastatic biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Erlmeier
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Laura Landgraf
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Pamela L Strissel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reiner Strick
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Veronika Bahlinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, Caritas St. Josef, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Christian Bolenz
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Ulm, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Roghmann
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Urology, Marien Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Ralph M Wirtz
- BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Horn
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Hölzel
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf (CIO-ABCD), Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Jürgen E Gschwend
- Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany; Department of Urology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; BRIDGE-Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Bavaria, Germany.
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30
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Conejo-Garcia JR, Biswas S, Chaurio R, Rodriguez PC. Neglected no more: B cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Semin Immunol 2023; 65:101707. [PMID: 36527759 PMCID: PMC10123518 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology has traditionally focused on the cellular arm of the adaptive immune response, while attributing tumor-promoting activity to humoral responses in tumor-bearing hosts. This view stems from mouse models that do not necessarily recapitulate the antibody response process consistently observed in most human cancers. In recent years, the field has reconsidered the coordinated action of T and B cell responses in the context of anti-tumor immunity, as in any other immune response. Thus, recent studies in human cancer identify B cell responses with better outcome, typically in association with superior T cell responses. An area of particular interest is tertiary lymphoid structures, where germinal centers produce isotype switched antibodies and B cells and T lymphocytes interact with other immune cell types. The presence of these lymphoid structures is associated with better immunotherapeutic responses and remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss recent discoveries on how coordination between humoral and cellular responses is required for effective immune pressure against malignant progression, providing a perspective on the role of tertiary lymphoid structures and interventions to elicit their formation in unresectable tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Subir Biswas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ricardo Chaurio
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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31
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Dawid de Vera MT, Prieto Cuadra JD, Álvarez Pérez M, Garrido-Aranda A, Alba Conejo E, Hierro Martín I. PD-L1 immunoexpression and molecular characterization of histological subtypes in urothelial carcinoma. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CITOLOGIA 2023; 56:10-20. [PMID: 36599596 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urothelial carcinoma (UC) has histological subtypes whose phenotype reflects their molecular diversity, behavior and response to conventional therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the management of UC by evaluation of PD-L1. In the case of PD-L1 22C3, the initiation of ICI is considered from a combined positive score (CPS) greater than 10. However, UC subtypes with absent PD-L1 22C3 expression in cases with CPS>10 may not respond to these treatments. This study aims to establish a correlation between the PD-L1 immunoexpression and molecular alterations in divergent differentiation and histological subtypes of UC (UC-s). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-six samples of UC were detected from a total of 24 patients. Two pathologists performed separately an assessment of UC-s on hematoxylin-eosin as well as PD-L1 expression. Molecular study of each case was performed by next generation sequencing (NGS). A descriptive analysis of the variables included was conducted. RESULTS Nine cases (34.61%) showed a CPS>10, some with negative PD-L1 immunoexpression in aggressive UC-s. The molecular study revealed alterations in genes belonging to the p53/cell cycle control, RAS, and DNA repair pathways, among others. None of the alterations were exclusive to any histological subtype. DISCUSSION Special attention should be paid to CPS>10 cases that include histological subtypes of UC with divergent expression for PD-L1 as they may not respond to treatment with ICI. We recommend examining the proportion and PD-L1 status of each subtype, especially if it has aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Dawid de Vera
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica (UGC) de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
| | - Juan Daniel Prieto Cuadra
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica (UGC) de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain; SYNLAB Global Diagnosis, Synlab Pathology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martina Álvarez Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia Garrido-Aranda
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), Málaga, Spain
| | - Emilio Alba Conejo
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Hierro Martín
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica (UGC) de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain
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32
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Kang SY, Heo YJ, Kwon GY, Lee J, Park SH, Kim KM. Five-gene signature for the prediction of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with gastric and urothelial carcinomas. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154233. [PMID: 36455365 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ample evidence supports the potential of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, detected by immunohistochemistry, as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancers. To predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with gastric and urothelial carcinomas, we aimed to replace PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) with CD274 mRNA in the original four-gene signature and PD-L1 CPS model developed by us. METHOD We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to measure the expression levels of five target genes in a cohort of 49 patients (33 with gastric cancer and 16 with urothelial carcinoma) who had received immunotherapy and whose therapeutic responses were available. The predictive performance was evaluated using R package maxstat. RESULTS Cutoff values of mRNA expression level were measured using the log-rank statistics for progression-free survival (PFS). Based on these cutoffs, immunotherapy responses were predicted and sorted into responder (n = 12, 24.5%) and non-responder (n = 37, 75.5%) groups. The median PFS values of predicted responders and non-responders were 14.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0-34.7) and 4.7 months (95% CI: 1.0-8.4, p = 0.02), respectively. Among the 12 predicted responders, 10 had microsatellite-stable tumors with a low tumor mutational burden. The actual clinical responses (complete and partial) were higher in the responder group than those in the non-responder group: 83.3% and 16.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION We modified a predictive biomarker for CD274 mRNA expression to predict the response to immunotherapy in patients with gastric or urothelial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jeong Heo
- The Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghee Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hoon Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center of Companion Diagnostics, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Activation of the TGF- β Pathway Enhances the Efficacy of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8766448. [PMID: 36590751 PMCID: PMC9798106 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8766448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first choice of treatment for patients diagnosed with small lung cell cancer (SCLC). However, many patients exhibit resistance to it. Therefore, it is imperative to further investigate a prognostic biomarker indicating sensitivity to this therapy. Methods We collected and performed RNA sequencing on 45 SCLC samples from the Zhujiang Hospital (Local-SCLC). In addition, we used a public cohort from George et al. as a validation cohort (George-SCLC). The transforming growth factor β signaling pathway (TGFB) activation status was determined according to the related ssGSEA score. We analyzed immune cell ratios, pathway activation scores, and immune-related genes in SCLC patients to further elucidate the potential mechanisms. Results A high activation status of the TGFB pathway was associated with improved prognosis in SCLC patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy (Local-SCLC: HR = 0.0238, (95% CI, 0.13-0.84), p = 0.0238; George-SCLC: HR = 0.0315, (95% CI, 0.28-0.98), p = 0.0315). Immune infiltration analysis showed that the TGFB-HIGH group had more M1 macrophages and Th1 cells, whilst fewer M2 macrophages, Th2 cells, and Treg cells were found in the Local-SCLC cohort. Mechanistic analysis showed that the TGBF-HIGH group was upregulated in STING-mediated immunity, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, as well as being downregulated in the process of DNA damage repair. Conclusions SCLC patients exhibiting a high activation status of the TGFB pathway demonstrate an improved prognosis with platinum-based chemotherapy. The potential underlying mechanism may be related to antitumor immune enhancement and DNA damage repair inhibition.
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34
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Tao Y, Li X, Zhang Y, He L, Lu Q, Wang Y, Pan L, Wang Z, Feng C, Xie Y, Lai Z, Li T, Tang Z, Wang Q, Wang X. TP53-related signature for predicting prognosis and tumor microenvironment characteristics in bladder cancer: A multi-omics study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1057302. [PMID: 36568387 PMCID: PMC9780475 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1057302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The tumor suppressor gene TP53 is frequently mutated or inactivated in bladder cancer (BLCA), which is implicated in the pathogenesis of tumor. However, the cellular mechanisms of TP53 mutations are complicated, yet well-defined, but their clinical prognostic value in the management of BLCA remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the role of TP53 mutation in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), elucidate the effects of TP53 activity on BLCA prognosis and immunotherapy response. Methods: A TP53-related signature based on TP53-induced and TP53-repressed genes was used to construct a TP53 activity-related score and classifier. The abundance of different immune cell types was determined using CIBERSORT to estimate immune cell infiltration. Moreover, the heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment between the high and low TP53 score groups was further evaluated using single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC). Moreover, pathway enrichment analysis was performed to explore the differential biological functions between tumor epithelial cells with high and low TP53 activity scores. Finally, the receptor-ligand interactions between immune cells and tumor epithelial cells harboring distinct TP53 activity were analyzed by single-cell RNA-sequencing. Results: The TP53 activity-related gene signature differentiated well between TP53 functional retention and inactivation in BLCA. BLCA patients with low TP53 scores had worse survival prognosis, more TP53 mutations, higher grade, and stronger lymph node metastasis than those with high TP53 scores. Additionally, CyTOF and IMC analyses revealed that BLCA patients with low TP53 scores exhibited a potent immunosuppressive TME. Consistently, single-cell sequencing results showed that tumor epithelial cells with low TP53 scores were significantly associated with high cell proliferation and stemness abilities and strongly interacted with immunosuppressive receptor-ligand pairs. Conclusion: BLCA patients with low TP53 scores have a worse prognosis and a more immunosuppressive TME. This TP53 activity-related signature can serve as a potential prognostic signature for predicting the immune response, which may facilitate the development of new strategies for immunotherapy in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Liangyu He
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qinchen Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yaobang Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lixin Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanliang Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Department of Urology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiyong Lai
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhong Tang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,School of Information and Management, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Qiuyan Wang, ; Xi Wang,
| | - Xi Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Qiuyan Wang, ; Xi Wang,
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Zhang J, Huang C, Yang R, Wang X, Fang B, Mi J, Yuan H, Mo Z, Sun Y. Identification of Immune-Related Subtypes and Construction of a Novel Prognostic Model for Bladder Urothelial Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1670. [PMID: 36421685 PMCID: PMC9687876 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA) and immunity, to screen prognosis-related immune genes (PIGs), and to construct an immune-related prognosis model (IRPM). We processed the relevant data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-BLCA) and GSE13507 using R software and Perl. We divided BLCA into high-immunity and low-immunity subtypes. There were significant differences in the two subtypes. In addition, we identified 13 PIGs of BLCA by jointly analyzing the gene expression data and survival information of GSE13507 and TCGA-BLCA, and constructed IRPM through nine of them. The low-risk group had better survival outcome than the high-risk group. We also constructed a nomogram based on clinicopathological information and risk scores of the patients. Moreover, the prognosis of BLCA patients was significantly impacted by the expression of almost every gene used to calculate the risk score. The result of real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that all the genes used to calculate the risk score were differentially expressed between BLCA and adjacent normal tissues, except PDGFRA. Our research provided potential targets for the treatment of BLCA and a reference for judging the prognosis of BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiange Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Caisheng Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Urology, The Nanning Second People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530031, China
| | - Rirong Yang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Junhao Mi
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yihai Sun
- Department of Urology, The Nanning Second People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530031, China
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A novel focal adhesion-related risk model predicts prognosis of bladder cancer —— a bioinformatic study based on TCGA and GEO database. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1158. [PMID: 36357874 PMCID: PMC9647995 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the ninth most common cancer globally, as well as the fourth most common cancer in men, with an incidence of 7%. However, few effective prognostic biomarkers or models of BLCA are available at present. Methods The prognostic genes of BLCA were screened from one cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database through univariate Cox regression analysis and functionally annotated by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The intersecting genes of the BLCA gene set and focal adhesion-related gene were obtained and subjected to the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) to construct a prognostic model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of high- and low-risk patients was performed to explore further the biological process related to focal adhesion genes. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis (KM) were used to evaluate the prognostic model. DNA methylation analysis was presented to explore the relationship between prognosis and gene methylation. Furthermore, immune cell infiltration was assessed by CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and TIMER. The model was verified in an external GSE32894 cohort of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the Prognoscan database presented further validation of genes. The HPA database validated the related protein level, and functional experiments verified significant risk factors in the model. Results VCL, COL6A1, RAC3, PDGFD, JUN, LAMA2, and ITGB6 were used to construct a prognostic model in the TCGA-BLCA cohort and validated in the GSE32894 cohort. The 7-gene model successfully stratified the patients into both cohorts’ high- and low-risk groups. The higher risk score was associated with a worse prognosis. Conclusions The 7-gene prognostic model can classify BLCA patients into high- and low-risk groups based on the risk score and predict the overall survival, which may aid clinical decision-making. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10264-5.
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An Y, Sun JX, Xu MY, Xu JZ, Ma SY, Liu CQ, Liu Z, Wang SG, Xia QD. Tertiary lymphoid structure patterns aid in identification of tumor microenvironment infiltration and selection of therapeutic agents in bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049884. [PMID: 36420257 PMCID: PMC9676505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are emerging as a potential predictor of prognosis and response to immunotherapy in some solid tumors. However, the comprehensive role of TLSs in bladder cancer remains unclear. METHODS Eighteen bladder cancer (BCa) datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), ArratyExpress and IMvigor210. Based on 39 validated TLS signature genes (TSGs), we evaluated the TLS patterns in all patients, and correlated the TLS patterns with prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) cell-infiltrating characteristics. The cox regression model and principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms were used to construct the TLS score, which helps to quantify the TLS pattern in individuals. RESULTS The landscape of 39 validated TSGs in BCa was assessed first. Five distinct TLS patterns and four gene clusters were determined. TLS cluster C2 and gene cluster A were thought to be characterized by mature TLSs and showed better prognosis and higher immune cells infiltration than other clusters. The TLS score was discovered to be tightly correlated with the infiltration level of immune cells, and could predict the maturation status of TLSs to some extent. We found TLS score was an excellent predictor for prognosis in patients with BCa independent of tumor mutation burden (TMB), and low TLS score was related to better prognosis than high TLS score. Besides, low TLS score was correlated with a better response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy and commonly used chemotherapy drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrated the characteristics of TLSs in BCa. By using the TLS score, we could evaluate the TLS pattern in individuals. Better understanding of TLS pattern and the usage of TLS score could help instruct clinical strategy and precision medicine for BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Liu
- *Correspondence: Shao-Gang Wang, ; Zheng Liu, ; Qi-Dong Xia,
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- *Correspondence: Shao-Gang Wang, ; Zheng Liu, ; Qi-Dong Xia,
| | - Qi-Dong Xia
- *Correspondence: Shao-Gang Wang, ; Zheng Liu, ; Qi-Dong Xia,
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Feng ZH, Liang YP, Cen JJ, Yao HH, Lin HS, Li JY, Liang H, Wang Z, Deng Q, Cao JZ, Huang Y, Wei JH, Luo JH, Chen W, Chen ZH. m6A-immune-related lncRNA prognostic signature for predicting immune landscape and prognosis of bladder cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:492. [PMID: 36309694 PMCID: PMC9617388 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N6-methyladenosine (m6A) related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may have prognostic value in bladder cancer for their key role in tumorigenesis and innate immunity. Methods Bladder cancer transcriptome data and the corresponding clinical data were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The m6A-immune-related lncRNAs were identified using univariate Cox regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. A risk model was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses, and analyzed using nomogram, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. The differences in infiltration scores, clinical features, and sensitivity to Talazoparib of various immune cells between low- and high-risk groups were investigated. Results Totally 618 m6A-immune-related lncRNAs and 490 immune-related lncRNAs were identified from TCGA, and 47 lncRNAs of their intersection demonstrated prognostic values. A risk model with 11 lncRNAs was established by Lasso Cox regression, and can predict the prognosis of bladder cancer patients as demonstrated by time-dependent ROC and Kaplan–Meier analysis. Significant correlations were determined between risk score and tumor malignancy or immune cell infiltration. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in tumor mutation burden and stemness-score between the low-risk group and high-risk group. Moreover, high-risk group patients were more responsive to Talazoparib. Conclusions An m6A-immune-related lncRNA risk model was established in this study, which can be applied to predict prognosis, immune landscape and chemotherapeutic response in bladder cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03711-1.
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Köhler SA, Brandl L, Strissel PL, Gloßner L, Ekici AB, Angeloni M, Ferrazzi F, Bahlinger V, Hartmann A, Beckmann MW, Eckstein M, Strick R. Improved Bladder Tumor RNA Isolation from Archived Tissues Using Methylene Blue for Normalization, Multiplex RNA Hybridization, Sequencing and Subtyping. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810267. [PMID: 36142180 PMCID: PMC9499321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a dye used for histology with clinical importance and intercalates into nucleic acids. After MB staining of formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and normal urothelium, specific regions could be microdissected. It is not known if MB influences RNA used for gene expression studies. Therefore, we analyzed MIBC using five different RNA isolation methods comparing patient matched FFPE and fresh frozen (FF) tissues pre-stained with or without MB. We demonstrate a positive impact of MB on RNA integrity with FF tissues using real time PCR with no interference of its chemical properties. FFPE tissues showed no improvement of RNA integrity, which we propose is due to formalin induced nucleotide crosslinks. Using direct multiplex RNA hybridization the best genes for normalization of MIBC and control tissues were identified from 34 reference genes. In addition, 5SrRNA and 5.8SrRNA were distinctive reference genes detecting <200 bp fragments important for mRNA analyses. Using these normalized RNAs from MB stained MIBC and applying multiplex RNA hybridization and mRNA sequencing, a minimal gene expression panel precisely identified luminal and basal MIBC tumor subtypes, important for diagnosis, prognosis and chemotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. Köhler
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Brandl
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pamela L. Strissel
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Gloßner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miriam Angeloni
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veronika Bahlinger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reiner Strick
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), University Hospital Erlangen, Östliche Stadtmauerstrasse 30, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-91318536671
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Marcq G, Evaristo G, Kool R, Shinde-Jadhav S, Skowronski R, Mansure JJ, Souhami L, Cury F, Brimo F, Kassouf W. Impact of Programmed Death-ligand 1 Expression on Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Radiation-based Therapy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 43:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Lee YC, Lam HM, Rosser C, Theodorescu D, Parks WC, Chan KS. The dynamic roles of the bladder tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Urol 2022; 19:515-533. [PMID: 35764795 PMCID: PMC10112172 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-022-00608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a prevalent but currently understudied cancer type and patient outcomes are poor when it progresses to the muscle-invasive stage. Current research in bladder cancer focuses on the genetic and epigenetic alterations occurring within the urothelial cell compartment; however, the stromal compartment receives less attention. Dynamic changes and intercellular communications occur in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of the bladder - a new concept and niche that we designate as the bladder TME (bTME) - during tumour evolution, metastatic progression and in the context of therapeutic response. Collagens and their cognate receptors, the discoidin domain receptors, have a role in various steps of the metastatic cascade and in immune checkpoint resistance. Furthermore, the presence of another TME niche, the metastatic TME (met-TME), is a novel concept that could support divergent progression of metastatic colonization in different organs, resulting in distant metastases with distinct characteristics and genetics from the primary tumour. The stroma has divergent roles in mediating therapeutic response to BCG immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors, as well as conventional chemotherapy or trimodality therapy (that is, maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumour, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). The local bTME and distant met-TME are currently conceptually and therapeutically unexploited niches that should be actively investigated. New biological insights from these TMEs will enable rational design of strategies that co-target the tumour and stroma, which are expected to improve the outcomes of patients with advanced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Lam
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Rosser
- Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William C Parks
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keith Syson Chan
- Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Academic Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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42
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The era of personalized treatments: Updates on immunotherapy within urothelial of bladder cancer. Curr Urol 2022; 16:117-120. [PMID: 36204361 PMCID: PMC9527930 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a complex disease of the urinary system with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, the introduction of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg, programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1) has proven to be a reliable means of improving survival outcomes, including patients with limited response to conventional treatment. Nevertheless, difficult questions remain in clinical practice, such as how to select appropriate patients for personalized treatment, how to predict and assess therapeutic efficacy in advance, and how to enhance the therapeutic benefits of immunotherapy treatment. These issues require urgent attention. Herein, we describe recent clinical applications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer therapy, examine underlying mechanisms for treatment failure in a subset of patients, and discuss potential approaches to improve their therapeutic effects.
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43
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Ledderose S, Rodler S, Eismann L, Ledderose G, Ledderose C. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict survival in ≥ pT2 urothelial bladder cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154037. [PMID: 35908386 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with improved survival in several types of cancers, including genitourinary cancers. However, multiple different scoring methods used to assess TILs complicate the comparison of different studies and are not always suitable for daily practice. In 2014, the International TILs Working Group (ITWG) proposed a simple and robust assessment method for a more standardized evaluation of TILs. Here, we validated this system in muscle-invasive urinary bladder cancer (MIBC). Patient history and histologic specimens from 203 patients with MIBC were retrospectively analyzed. The stromal TIL (sTIL) score was determined using the ITWG system and 3 groups were defined according to the degree of stromal lymphocytic infiltration: low (0-10%), intermediate (10-55%) and high (55-100%). Associations between sTIL score, clinicopathological variables, tumor-specific survival (TSS), overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. High stromal lymphocytic infiltration was associated with significantly higher OS, TSS and DFS when compared to low grade sTILs. The survival benefit remained statistically significant in multivariate analyses, confirming that sTILs are a strong independent positive prognostic factor in patients with MIBC. In summary, the degree of sTILs as defined by the ITWG robustly predicts survival in MIBC patients. Prospective studies with larger case numbers are needed to determine whether sTILs should be included in staging guidelines and how they could aid in therapeutic decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Ledderose
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany.
| | - Severin Rodler
- Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany
| | - Lennert Eismann
- Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Ledderose
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Ledderose
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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44
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THEM6: A Novel Molecular Biomarker Predicts Tumor Microenvironment, Molecular Subtype, and Prognosis in Bladder Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7147279. [PMID: 35909893 PMCID: PMC9334031 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7147279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Thioesterase superfamily member 6 (THEM6) has been implicated in the development and progression of various cancers. However, prior research emphasized on its regulatory role merely, we aim to investigate the effect of THEM6 gene on the immunological role and its relationship with molecular subtype in bladder cancer (BLCA). Methods Through pan-cancer analysis, we explored the THEM6 expression pattern and immunological role using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In addition, we performed a correlation of THEM6 and its immunological functions, including immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, cancer immunity cycles, T cell inflamed score, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the BLCA tumor microenvironment (TME) based on TCGA and BLCA microarray cohort from Xiangya Hospital. We also assessed the accuracy of THEM6 in predicting the molecular subtype and its response to different interventions in BLCA. Finally, we computed and validated a prediction model established by THEM6-related different expressed immune-related genes that might help in BLCA prognosis. Results THEM6 led to immunosuppression in BLCA TME. Furthermore, there was a downregulation in the immunological functions. Besides, THEM6 could effectively distinguish BLCA molecular subtypes, and THEM6 low expression implied basal subtype that was more effective to several interventions, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. While THEM6 high expression indicated luminal subtype, hyperprogression and better response to targeted therapies, such as blocking THEM6 and several immune-inhibited oncogenic pathways. Conclusions THEM6 may be with potential immune-modulating properties and may become a potential new immunotherapy target for BLCA. THEM6 could accurately predict the molecular subtype of BLCA, which was helpful for guiding the treatment. Simultaneously, the prediction model may exhibit an excellent predictive value in patients with BLCA.
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45
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Are We Ready to Implement Molecular Subtyping of Bladder Cancer in Clinical Practice? Part 2: Subtypes and Divergent Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147844. [PMID: 35887192 PMCID: PMC9317362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following several attempts to achieve a molecular stratification of bladder cancer (BC) over the last decade, a "consensus" classification has been recently developed to provide a common base for the molecular classification of bladder cancer (BC), encompassing a six-cluster scheme with distinct prognostic and predictive characteristics. In order to implement molecular subtyping (MS) as a risk stratification tool in routine practice, immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been explored as a readily accessible, relatively inexpensive, standardized surrogate method, achieving promising results in different clinical settings. The second part of this review deals with the pathological and clinical features of the molecular clusters, both in conventional and divergent urothelial carcinoma, with a focus on the role of IHC-based subtyping.
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46
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Eckstein M. [Immunological biomarker research in uro-oncology-using the example of urothelial cancer]. UROLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 61:734-738. [PMID: 35925244 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-022-01852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract system is urothelial carcinoma (UC). With the introduction of novel immunologic therapy options in both metastatic and localized settings, the exploration of immunologic biomarkers to predict potential treatment success has become a focus of clinical translational research. For example, expression levels of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in UC tumors can help clinicians decide which patients are more likely to respond to immuno-oncology therapies; in light of new approvals with mandated PD-L1 testing (e.g., adjuvant nivolumab therapy after radical cystectomy), harmonization of PD-L1 testing is becoming increasingly important. However, in addition to PD-L1 determination, broader potentially predictive biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden and immune signatures/phenotypes have been and continue to be investigated in clinical trials. This review will provide a streamlined overview of existing evidence and new developments in the field of urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Eckstein
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91052, Erlangen, Deutschland.
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47
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Cheng X, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu W. Quantification of ferroptosis pattern in bladder carcinoma and its significance on immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9066. [PMID: 35641509 PMCID: PMC9156752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of ferroptosis in tumor development and therapy has been previously proved. Nonetheless, its potential role in tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma remains unclear. Based on 38 ferroptosis-related genes, the characteristic of ferroptosis patterns and interactions with immune cell-infiltrating features in 2043 bladder cancer samples were systematically investigated. We further proposed the FerrScore to quantify the ferroptosis patterns for each patient. As results, three diverse ferroptosis patterns with distinct tumor-infiltrating immune cell features were established. By determination of ferroptosis patterns of each patient, we found that high FerrScore was related to lower proportion of luminal-papillary molecular subtype, more frequent TP53 mutations, activation of immunity and stroma, and lower 5-year survival. High FerrScore also seemed to be associated with decreased neoantigen load, tumor mutational burden and poorer response to anti-PD-L1/1 therapy. External verification in two immunotherapy cohorts showed FerrScore was an independent and effective prognostic factor for therapeutic effect and survival outcome. Overall, the present study indicated the ferroptosis strongly is closely correlated with TME diversity. Evaluation of the ferroptosis patterns may strengthen the cognition of TME immune cell infiltrations and guide more individualized immunotherapeutic strategies in bladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yinhuai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yijian Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Renmin Middle Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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48
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Xiao D, Hu X, Peng M, Deng J, Zhou S, Xu S, Wu J, Yang X. Inhibitory role of proguanil on the growth of bladder cancer via enhancing EGFR degradation and inhibiting its downstream signaling pathway to induce autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:499. [PMID: 35614042 PMCID: PMC9132982 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A major reason for the high mortality of patients with bladder cancer (BC) is that chemotherapy and surgery are only effective for very limited patients. Thus, developing novel treatment options becomes an urgent need for improving clinical outcomes and the quality of life for BC patients. Here, we demonstrated that proguanil significantly inhibited the growth of BC in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, our results indicated that the sensitivity of BC cells to proguanil is positively correlated with the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Mechanistically, proguanil specifically targeted EGFR and promoted EGFR binding to Caveolin-1, enhanced its endocytosis in a Clathrin-independent manner, and then recruited c-Cbl to promote EGFR ubiquitination and degradation through the lysosomal pathway. Further studies suggested that proguanil induced autophagy by destabilizing EGFR and inhibiting its downstream signaling pathway. Thus, this study reveals the novel mechanism of proguanil on anticancer activity and implies the potential benefits of this drug in the treatment of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xin Hu
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mei Peng
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Jun Deng
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Sichun Zhou
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Simeng Xu
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan China
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49
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The role of tumour microenvironment-driven miRNAs in the chemoresistance of muscle-invasive bladder cancer-a review. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:133-148. [PMID: 35246373 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Successful treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is challenged by the ability of cancer cells to resist chemotherapy. While enormous progress has been made toward understanding the divergent molecular mechanisms underlying chemoresistance, the heterogenous interplay between the bladder tumour and its microenvironment presents significant challenges in comprehending the occurrence of chemoresistance. The last decade has seen exponential interest in the exploration of microRNA (miRNA) as a tool in the management of chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight the miRNAs involved in the tumour microenvironment crosstalk that contributes to the chemoresistance in bladder cancer. Decrypting the role of miRNAs in the interplay beholds scope for future clinical translational application in managing the long-standing concerns of chemoresistance in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
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50
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Jasinski-Bergner S, Eckstein M, Taubert H, Wach S, Fiebig C, Strick R, Hartmann A, Seliger B. The Human Leukocyte Antigen G as an Immune Escape Mechanism and Novel Therapeutic Target in Urological Tumors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:811200. [PMID: 35185904 PMCID: PMC8855320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.811200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-classical human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a potent regulatory protein involved in the induction of immunological tolerance. This is based on the binding of membrane-bound as well as soluble HLA-G to inhibitory receptors expressed on various immune effector cells, in particular NK cells and T cells, leading to their attenuated functions. Despite its restricted expression on immune-privileged tissues under physiological conditions, HLA-G expression has been frequently detected in solid and hematopoietic malignancies including urological cancers, such as renal cell and urothelial bladder carcinoma and has been associated with progression of urological cancers and poor outcome of patients: HLA-G expression protects tumor cells from anti-tumor immunity upon interaction with its inhibitory receptors by modulating both the phenotype and function of immune cells leading to immune evasion. This review will discuss the expression, regulation, functional and clinical relevance of HLA-G expression in urological tumors as well as its use as a putative biomarker and/or potential therapeutic target for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma as well as urothelial bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Jasinski-Bergner
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Fiebig
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Reiner Strick
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Main Department of GMP Cell and Gene Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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