1
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Yao Y, Wang H, Xu Y, Zhang L, Liu R. scRNA+TCR+BCR-seq revealed the proportions and gene expression patterns of dual receptor T and B lymphocytes in NPC and NLH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149820. [PMID: 38547605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
While the relationship between single receptor lymphocytes and cancer has been deeply researched, the origin and biological roles of dual receptor lymphocytes in tumor microenvironment (TME) remain largely unknown. And since nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of cancer closely associated with immune infiltration, studying the TME of NPC holds particular significance. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing combined with T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing (scRNA + TCR + BCR-seq), we analyzed data from 7 patients with NPC and 3 patients with nasopharyngeal lymphatic hyperplasia (NLH). In our research, it was firstly found that the presence of dual receptor lymphocytes in both the TME of NPC and the inflammatory environment of NLH. We also confirmed their clonal expansion, suggesting their potential involvement in the immune response. Subsequently, we further discovered the lineage and the pairing characteristics. It was found that the dual receptor lymphocytes in NPC and NLH mainly originate from memory cells, and the predominant pairing type for dual TCR was β+α1+α2 and dual BCR was heavy+κ+λ. By further analyzing their gene expression, we compared the function of dual receptor cells with single receptor cells in the context of both NPC and NLH. This groundbreaking research has enhanced our comprehension of the features of dual-receptor cells and has contributed to a better understanding of the TME in NPC. By comparing with NLH, it illuminates part of the alterations in the process of malignant transformation in NPC. These findings present the potential to acquire improved diagnostic markers and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Yao
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyu Wang
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Renping Liu
- Department of Immunology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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2
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Rai S, Roy G, Hajam YA. Melatonin: a modulator in metabolic rewiring in T-cell malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1248339. [PMID: 38260850 PMCID: PMC10800968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1248339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) an indoleamine exerts multifaced effects and regulates numerous cellular pathways and molecular targets associated with circadian rhythm, immune modulation, and seasonal reproduction including metabolic rewiring during T cell malignancy. T-cell malignancies encompass a group of hematological cancers characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of malignant T-cells. These cancer cells exhibit a distinct metabolic adaptation, a hallmark of cancer in general, as they rewire their metabolic pathways to meet the heightened energy requirements and biosynthesis necessary for malignancies is the Warburg effect, characterized by a shift towards glycolysis, even when oxygen is available. In addition, T-cell malignancies cause metabolic shift by inhibiting the enzyme pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDK) which in turn results in increased acetyl CoA enzyme production and cellular glycolytic activity. Further, melatonin plays a modulatory role in the expression of essential transporters (Glut1, Glut2) responsible for nutrient uptake and metabolic rewiring, such as glucose and amino acid transporters in T-cells. This modulation significantly impacts the metabolic profile of T-cells, consequently affecting their differentiation. Furthermore, melatonin has been found to regulate the expression of critical signaling molecules involved in T-cell activations, such as CD38, and CD69. These molecules are integral to T-cell adhesion, signaling, and activation. This review aims to provide insights into the mechanism of melatonin's anticancer properties concerning metabolic rewiring during T-cell malignancy. The present review encompasses the involvement of oncogenic factors, the tumor microenvironment and metabolic alteration, hallmarks, metabolic reprogramming, and the anti-oncogenic/oncostatic impact of melatonin on various cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Gunja Roy
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, India
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3
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Dezfulian MH, Kula T, Pranzatelli T, Kamitaki N, Meng Q, Khatri B, Perez P, Xu Q, Chang A, Kohlgruber AC, Leng Y, Jupudi AA, Joachims ML, Chiorini JA, Lessard CJ, Darise Farris A, Muthuswamy SK, Warner BM, Elledge SJ. TScan-II: A genome-scale platform for the de novo identification of CD4 + T cell epitopes. Cell 2023; 186:5569-5586.e21. [PMID: 38016469 PMCID: PMC10841602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells play fundamental roles in orchestrating immune responses and tissue homeostasis. However, our inability to associate peptide human leukocyte antigen class-II (HLA-II) complexes with their cognate T cell receptors (TCRs) in an unbiased manner has hampered our understanding of CD4+ T cell function and role in pathologies. Here, we introduce TScan-II, a highly sensitive genome-scale CD4+ antigen discovery platform. This platform seamlessly integrates the endogenous HLA-II antigen-processing machinery in synthetic antigen-presenting cells and TCR signaling in T cells, enabling the simultaneous screening of multiple HLAs and TCRs. Leveraging genome-scale human, virome, and epitope mutagenesis libraries, TScan-II facilitates de novo antigen discovery and deep exploration of TCR specificity. We demonstrate TScan-II's potential for basic and translational research by identifying a non-canonical antigen for a cancer-reactive CD4+ T cell clone. Additionally, we identified two antigens for clonally expanded CD4+ T cells in Sjögren's disease, which bind distinct HLAs and are expressed in HLA-II-positive ductal cells within affected salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Dezfulian
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomasz Kula
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Pranzatelli
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nolan Kamitaki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qingda Meng
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bhuwan Khatri
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Paola Perez
- Salivary Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qikai Xu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayano C Kohlgruber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yumei Leng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ananth Aditya Jupudi
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Departmentment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michelle L Joachims
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - John A Chiorini
- Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Lessard
- Genes and Human Disease Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - A Darise Farris
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Departmentment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blake M Warner
- Salivary Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Zhu L, Peng Q, Li J, Wu Y, Wang J, Zhou D, Ma L, Yao X. scRNA-seq revealed the special TCR β & α V(D)J allelic inclusion rearrangement and the high proportion dual (or more) TCR-expressing cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:487. [PMID: 37524693 PMCID: PMC10390570 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Allelic exclusion, one lymphocyte expresses one antigen receptor, is a fundamental mechanism of immunological self-tolerance and highly specific immune responses to pathogens. However, the phenomenon of V(D)J allelic inclusion (incomplete allelic exclusion or allelic escape) rearrangement and dual TCR T cells have been discovered by multiple laboratories. Despite continuous new discoveries, the proportion and underlying mechanism of dual TCR has been puzzling immunologists. In this study, we observed the presence of single T cells expressing multiple TCR chains in all samples, with the proportion of 15%, 10%, and 20% in the human thymus, human peripheral blood, and mouse lymphoid organs, respectively. The proportion of T cells possessing multiple T-cell receptors (TCR) varied significantly in different physiological states and developmental stages. By analyzing RSS category, RSS direction, and V(D)J gene position at TR locus of T cells which contain multiple TCR chains, we creatively found that one of TCR β (or TCR α) should originate from the transcription of V(D)J combination in T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) formed after the twice successful rearrangement in the same chromosome. Moreover, human V30 (or mouse V31) gene may participate in reverse recombination and transcription to prevent allelic exclusion. In general, high proportion of T cells with multiple TCR at the transcriptome level was first made public, and we proposed a novel mechanism of secondary (or more) TCR rearrangement on a single chromosome. Our findings also indicated that the single-cell sequencing data should be classified according to the single, multiple, and abnormal TCR when analyzing the T-cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanwei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dewei Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Department of Immunology, Center of Immunomolecular Engineering, Innovation & Practice Base for Graduate Students Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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5
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Zong S, Mi T, Flores LG, Alpert A, Olivares S, Patel K, Maiti S, Mcnamara G, Cooper LJN, Torikai H. Very rapid cloning, expression and identifying specificity of T-cell receptors for T-cell engineering. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228112. [PMID: 32040512 PMCID: PMC7010234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoantigens can be predicted and in some cases identified using the data obtained from the whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing of tumor cells. These sequencing data can be coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing for the direct interrogation of the transcriptome, surfaceome, and pairing of αβ T-cell receptors (TCRαβ) from hundreds of single T cells. Using these 2 large datasets, we established a platform for identifying antigens recognized by TCRαβs obtained from single T cells. Our approach is based on the rapid expression of cloned TCRαβ genes as Sleeping Beauty transposons and the determination of the introduced TCRαβs’ antigen specificity and avidity using a reporter cell line. The platform enables the very rapid identification of tumor-reactive TCRs for the bioengineering of T cells with redirected specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zong
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tiejuan Mi
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Leo G. Flores
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amir Alpert
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Simon Olivares
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Krina Patel
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sourindra Maiti
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - George Mcnamara
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Laurence J. N. Cooper
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Ziopharm Oncology, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hiroki Torikai
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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Bystander T Cells: A Balancing Act of Friends and Foes. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:1021-1035. [PMID: 30413351 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
T cell responses are essential for appropriate protection against pathogens. T cell immunity is achieved through the ability to discriminate between foreign and self-molecules, and this relies heavily on stringent T cell receptor (TCR) specificity. Recently, bystander activated T lymphocytes, that are specific for unrelated epitopes during an antigen-specific response, have been implicated in diverse diseases. Numerous infection models have challenged the classic dogma of T cell activation as being solely dependent on TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) interactions, indicating an unappreciated role for pathogen-associated receptors on T cells. We discuss here the specific roles of bystander activated T cells in pathogenesis, shedding light on the ability of these cells to modulate disease severity independently from TCR recognition.
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7
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Hosoya T, Li H, Ku CJ, Wu Q, Guan Y, Engel JD. High-Throughput Single-Cell Sequencing of both TCR-β Alleles. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3465-3470. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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GATA3 Abundance Is a Critical Determinant of T Cell Receptor β Allelic Exclusion. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00052-17. [PMID: 28320875 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00052-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic exclusion describes the essential immunological process by which feedback repression of sequential DNA rearrangements ensures that only one autosome expresses a functional T or B cell receptor. In wild-type mammals, approximately 60% of cells have recombined the DNA of one T cell receptor β (TCRβ) V-to-DJ-joined allele in a functional configuration, while the second allele has recombined only the DJ sequences; the other 40% of cells have recombined the V to the DJ segments on both alleles, with only one of the two alleles predicting a functional TCRβ protein. Here we report that the transgenic overexpression of GATA3 leads predominantly to biallelic TCRβ gene (Tcrb) recombination. We also found that wild-type immature thymocytes can be separated into distinct populations based on intracellular GATA3 expression and that GATA3LO cells had almost exclusively recombined only one Tcrb locus (that predicted a functional receptor sequence), while GATA3HI cells had uniformly recombined both Tcrb alleles (one predicting a functional and the other predicting a nonfunctional rearrangement). These data show that GATA3 abundance regulates the recombination propensity at the Tcrb locus and provide new mechanistic insight into the historic immunological conundrum for how Tcrb allelic exclusion is mediated.
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9
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Human γδ T cells: From a neglected lymphocyte population to cellular immunotherapy: A personal reflection of 30years of γδ T cell research. Clin Immunol 2016; 172:90-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Abstract
Immunological self-tolerance is maintained through diverse mechanisms, including deletion of autoreactive immune cells following confrontation with autoantigen in the thymus or in the periphery and active suppression by regulatory cells. A third way to prevent autoimmunity is by hiding self tissues behind a tissue barrier impermeable for circulating immune cells. The latter mechanism has been held responsible for self-tolerance within the nervous tissue. Indeed, the nervous tissues enjoy a conditionally privileged immune status: they are normally unreachable for self-reactive T and B cells, they lack lymphatic drainage, and they are deficient in local antigen-presenting cells. Yet the immune system is by no means fully ignorant of the nervous structures. An ever-growing number of brain specific autoantigens is expressed within the thymus, which ensures an early confrontation with the unfolding T cell repertoire, and there is evidence that B cells also contact CNS-like structures outside of the brain. Then pathological processes such as neurodegeneration commonly lift the brain's immune privilege, shifting the local milieus from immune-hostile to immune-friendly. Finally, brain-reactive T cells, which abound in the healthy immune repertoire, but remain innocuous throughout life, can be activated and gain access to their target tissues. On their way, they take an ordered migration through peripheral lymphoid tissues and blood circulation, and undergo a profound reprogramming of their gene expression profile, which renders them fit to enter the nervous system and to interact with local cellule elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wekerle
- MPI Neuroimmunology, Martinsried, Germany.
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11
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Parel Y, Chizzolini C. CD4+ CD8+ double positive (DP) T cells in health and disease. Autoimmun Rev 2005; 3:215-20. [PMID: 15110234 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2003.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2003] [Accepted: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The expression of CD4 and CD8alphabeta co-receptors on mature T cells is generally considered to be mutually exclusive and reflects subset-related, specific functions (helper vs. cytolytic) and differences in major histocompatibility complex-restriction for antigen recognition. However, double positive (DP) T cells expressing both CD4 and CD8 have been described in several pathological conditions as well as in normal individuals. DP T cells represent a heterogeneous population. Strong evidence indicates that in vivo terminally differentiated effector CD4 may acquire the alpha-chain of CD8. Reciprocally, in vitro activation of CD8+ T cells results in the expression of low levels of CD4 that may mediate HIV entry and responses to chemotactic cytokines. Particularly intriguing, a subset of DP T cells expressing high levels of both CD4 and CD8alphabeta heterodimer (CD4(hi)CD8(hi)), has been identified in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. While no definitive proof exists, it could be speculated that CD4(hi)CD8(hi) T cells may be endowed with auto-reactivity due to faulty thymic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Parel
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
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12
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Aronica MA, Swaidani S, Zhang YH, Mitchell D, Mora AL, McCarthy S, O'Neal J, Topham D, Sheller JR, Boothby M. Susceptibility to allergic lung disease regulated by recall responses of dual-receptor memory T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 114:1441-8. [PMID: 15577850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial infections are associated with the initial susceptibility to and flares of asthma. However, immunologic mechanisms whereby infections might alter the asthmatic phenotype are lacking. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that memory T cells specific both for a viral antigen and an allergen could influence the pathogenesis of allergic disease in vivo . METHODS We developed a system in which 2 distinct T-cell receptors coexist on the T-cell surface, 1 specific for a virus and the other for an inhaled antigen. RESULTS We show that a population of dual-receptor T cells, polarized through a virus-specific T-cell receptor to contain T(H)1 or T(H)2 cells, can be reactivated through an unrelated T-cell receptor in recall responses in vivo . Quiescent memory cells derived from a T(H)1-polarized effector population blocked the development of airway hyperreactivity in a model of allergic lung disease, in association with decreased induction of chemokines and eosinophil recruitment. Conversely, reactivation of quiescent T(H)2 cells after inhalation of antigen or virus infection was sufficient to lead to the development of airway hyperresponsiveness and allergic pulmonary inflammation in mice whose lungs were previously normal. CONCLUSION These data provide evidence that dual-receptor memory T cells can regulate allergic disease susceptibility and suggest that they may play a role in mediating the influence of microbes on asthma pathogenesis.
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13
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Langerman A, Callender GG, Nishimura MI. Retroviral transduction of peptide stimulated t cells can generate dual t cell receptor-expressing (bifunctional) t cells reactive with two defined antigens. J Transl Med 2004; 2:42. [PMID: 15588290 PMCID: PMC544585 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-2-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 12/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tumors and viruses have developed many mechanisms to evade the immune system, including down-regulation of target antigens and MHC molecules. These immune escape mechanisms may be able to be circumvented by adoptively transferring T cells engineered to express two different T cell receptors, each specific for a different antigen or MHC restriction molecule. METHODS: PBMC from the blood of normal healthy donors were stimulated for three days with an antigenic peptide from cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65. These CMV reactive cultures were transduced with a encoding the TIL 5 T cell receptor (TCR) that mediates recognition of the dominant epitope of the melanoma antigen MART-1. Following selection for transduced cells, the cultures were evaluated for recognition of CMV pp65 and MART-1 expressing targets. RESULTS: We were able to rapidly create bifunctional T cells capable of recognizing both CMV pp65 and MART-1 using a combination of HLA-A2 tetramer staining and intracellular staining for interferon-gamma. These bifunctional T cells were sensitive to very low levels of antigen, recognize MART-1+ tumor cells, and maintained their bifunctionality for over 40 days in culture. CONCLUSION: Bifunctional T cells can be engineered by transducing short term peptide stimulated T cell cultures. These bifunctional T cells may be more effective in treating patients with cancer or chronic virus infections because they would reduce the possibility of disease progression due to antigen and/or MHC loss variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Langerman
- Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago IL USA
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago IL USA
| | - Glenda G Callender
- Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago IL USA
| | - Michael I Nishimura
- Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago IL USA
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14
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Zhou P, Borojevic R, Streutker C, Snider D, Liang H, Croitoru K. Expression of dual TCR on DO11.10 T cells allows for ovalbumin-induced oral tolerance to prevent T cell-mediated colitis directed against unrelated enteric bacterial antigens. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 172:1515-23. [PMID: 14734729 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.3.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The triggering Ag for inflammatory bowel disease and animal models of colitis is not known, but may include gut flora. Feeding OVA to DO11.10 mice with OVA-specific transgenic (Tg) TCR generates Ag-specific immunoregulatory CD4(+) T cells (Treg) cells. We examined the ability of oral Ag-induced Treg cells to suppress T cell-mediated colitis in mice. SCID-bg mice given DO11.10 CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells developed colitis, and cotransferring DO11.10 CD45RB(low)CD4(+) T cells prevented CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cell-induced colitis in the absence of OVA. The induction and prevention of disease by DO11.10 CD4(+) T cell subsets were associated with an increase in endogenous TCRalpha chain expression on Tg T cells. Feeding OVA to SCID-bg mice reconstituted with DO11.10 CD4(+)CD45RB(high) attenuated the colitis in association with increased TGF-beta and IL-10 secretion, and decreased proliferative responses to both OVA and cecal bacteria Ag. OVA feeding also attenuated colitis in SCID-bg mice reconstituted with a mix of BALB/c and DO11.10 CD45RB(high) T cells, suggesting that OVA-induced Treg cells suppressed BALB/c effector cells. The expression of endogenous non-Tg TCR allowed for DO11.10-derived T cells to respond to enteric flora Ag. Furthermore, feeding OVA-induced Treg cells prevented colitis by inducing tolerance in both OVA-reactive and non-OVA-reactive T cells and by inducing Ag-nonspecific Treg cells. Such a mechanism might allow for Ag-nonspecific modulation of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Cecum/immunology
- Cecum/microbiology
- Cell Division/genetics
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cell Line
- Colitis/genetics
- Colitis/immunology
- Colitis/pathology
- Colitis/prevention & control
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/administration & dosage
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Immunity, Mucosal/genetics
- Immunophenotyping
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/administration & dosage
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/biosynthesis
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Mice, Transgenic
- Ovalbumin/administration & dosage
- Ovalbumin/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/biosynthesis
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhou
- Intestinal Disease Research Program, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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