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Liu Y, Lyons CJ, Ayu C, O'Brien T. Recent advances in endothelial colony-forming cells: from the transcriptomic perspective. J Transl Med 2024; 22:313. [PMID: 38532420 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are progenitors of endothelial cells with significant proliferative and angiogenic ability. ECFCs are a promising treatment option for various diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and peripheral artery disease. However, some barriers hinder the clinical application of ECFC therapeutics. One of the current obstacles is that ECFCs are dysfunctional due to the underlying disease states. ECFCs exhibit dysfunctional phenotypes in pathologic states, which include but are not limited to the following: premature neonates and pregnancy-related diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancers, haematological system diseases, hypoxia, pulmonary arterial hypertension, coronary artery diseases, and other vascular diseases. Besides, ECFCs are heterogeneous among donors, tissue sources, and within cell subpopulations. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ECFC dysfunction and characterize their heterogeneity to enable clinical application. In this review, we summarize the current and potential application of transcriptomic analysis in the field of ECFC biology. Transcriptomic analysis is a powerful tool for exploring the key molecules and pathways involved in health and disease and can be used to characterize ECFC heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Caomhán J Lyons
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Christine Ayu
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Rodríguez-Esparragón F, Torres-Mata LB, López-Fernández JC, Cappiello L, González-Martín JM, Clavo B, Serna-Gómez JA, Estupiñán-Quintana L, Torres-Ascensión C, Villar J. Clinical relevance of circulating angiogenic cells in patients with ischemic stroke. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:118. [PMID: 35313809 PMCID: PMC8939119 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are circulating angiogenic cells with endothelial features associated with risk for stroke. We aimed to delve into their functional characteristics. EPCs were isolated and cultured from Ischemic Stroke (IS) patients and predictors of their variance evaluated. Methods This is a single-center observational study evaluating 187 consecutively hospitalized patients with IS. EPCs were isolated from blood samples. The number of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), colony-forming units (CFU-ECs) and the emergence of late outgrowths endothelial cells (LOECs) were counted. We collected clinical variables and measured the stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF1α) serum levels. We also examined the relative telomere length and the expression of osteogenic gene markers in CACs. Results CACs counts and CFU-ECs colony numbers were positively correlated (rho = 0.41, p < 0.001, n = 187). We found significant differences according to whether thrombolytic treatment was performed in the distribution of CFU-ECs (odds ratio (OR) = 2.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–6.35; p = 0.042) and CACs (OR = 4.45; 95% IC 1.2–15.5; p = 0.012). The main determinants of CACs variation were the number of risks factors, thrombolysis treatment, arterial hypertension, LOECs occurrence, and the vascular endothelial growth factor expression, whereas CFU-ECs variations depended on hemoglobin content and the relative reduction in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) criteria. The main predictors of LOECs appearance were thrombolysis and length of hospital stay. Conclusions Our study supports the relevance of patient risk factors and treatments in the analysis of the functional properties of EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Laura B Torres-Mata
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Laura Cappiello
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jesús M González-Martín
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Bernardino Clavo
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Universitary Institute for Research in Biomedicine and Health (iUIBS), Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Group, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Spanish Group of Clinical Research in Radiation Oncology (GICOR), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Research Network On Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime A Serna-Gómez
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lidia Estupiñán-Quintana
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Cristina Torres-Ascensión
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jesús Villar
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Barranco de La Ballena S/N, 35019, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Sen A, Vincent V, Thakkar H, Abraham R, Ramakrishnan L. Beneficial Role of Vitamin D on Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Lipid Atheroscler 2022; 11:229-249. [PMID: 36212746 PMCID: PMC9515729 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2022.11.3.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are currently being explored in the context of CVD risk. EPCs are bone marrow derived progenitor cells involved in postnatal endothelial repair and neovascularization. A large body of evidence from clinical, animal, and in vitro studies have shown that EPC numbers in circulation and their functionality reflect endogenous vascular regenerative capacity. Traditionally vitamin D is known to be beneficial for bone health and calcium metabolism and in the last two decades, its role in influencing CVD and cancer risk has generated significant interest. Observational studies have shown that low vitamin D levels are associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile. Still, Mendelian randomization studies and randomized control trials (RCTs) have not shown significant effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular events. The criticism regarding the RCTs on vitamin D and CVD is that they were not designed to investigate cardiovascular outcomes in vitamin D-deficient individuals. Overall, the association between vitamin D and CVD remains inconclusive. Recent clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated the beneficial role of vitamin D in increasing the circulatory level of EPC as well as their functionality. In this review we present evidence supporting the beneficial role of vitamin D in CVD through its modulation of EPC homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Sen
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinnyfred Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Himani Thakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ransi Abraham
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Whelan IT, Moeendarbary E, Hoey DA, Kelly DJ. Biofabrication of vasculature in microphysiological models of bone. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34034238 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac04f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone contains a dense network of blood vessels that are essential to its homoeostasis, endocrine function, mineral metabolism and regenerative functions. In addition, bone vasculature is implicated in a number of prominent skeletal diseases, and bone has high affinity for metastatic cancers. Despite vasculature being an integral part of bone physiology and pathophysiology, it is often ignored or oversimplified inin vitrobone models. However, 3D physiologically relevant vasculature can now be engineeredin vitro, with microphysiological systems (MPS) increasingly being used as platforms for engineering this physiologically relevant vasculature. In recent years, vascularised models of bone in MPSs systems have been reported in the literature, representing the beginning of a possible technological step change in how bone is modelledin vitro. Vascularised bone MPSs is a subfield of bone research in its nascency, however given the impact of MPSs has had inin vitroorgan modelling, and the crucial role of vasculature to bone physiology, these systems stand to have a substantial impact on bone research. However, engineering vasculature within the specific design restraints of the bone niche is significantly challenging given the different requirements for engineering bone and vasculature. With this in mind, this paper aims to serve as technical guidance for the biofabrication of vascularised bone tissue within MPS devices. We first discuss the key engineering and biological considerations for engineering more physiologically relevant vasculaturein vitrowithin the specific design constraints of the bone niche. We next explore emerging applications of vascularised bone MPSs, and conclude with a discussion on the current status of vascularised bone MPS biofabrication and suggest directions for development of next generation vascularised bone MPSs.
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Lin FY, Lin YW, Shih CM, Lin SJ, Tung YT, Li CY, Chen YH, Lin CY, Tsai YT, Huang CY. A Novel Relative High-Density Lipoprotein Index to Predict the Structural Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein and Its Ability to Inhibit Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105210. [PMID: 34069162 PMCID: PMC8157136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic elevation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is thought to minimize atherogenesis in subjects with dyslipidemia. However, this is not the case in clinical practice. The function of HDL is not determined by its concentration in the plasma but by its specific structural components. We previously identified an index for the prediction of HDL functionality, relative HDL (rHDL) index, and preliminarily explored that dysfunctional HDL (rHDL index value > 2) failed to rescue the damage to endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). To confirm the effectiveness of the rHDL index for predicting HDL functions, here we evaluated the effects of HDL from patients with different rHDL index values on the endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) of EPCs. We also analyzed the lipid species in HDL with different rHDL index values and investigated the structural differences that affect HDL functions. The results indicate that HDL from healthy adults and subjects with an rHDL index value < 2 protected transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-stimulated EndoMT by modulating Smad2/3 and Snail activation. HDL from subjects with an rHDL index value > 2 failed to restore the functionality of TGF-β1-treated EPCs. Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that HDL with different rHDL index values may differ in the composition of triglycerides, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol. In conclusion, we confirmed the applicability of the rHDL index value to predict HDL function and found structural differences that may affect the function of HDL, which warrants further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yen Lin
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (F.-Y.L.); (C.-M.S.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Ming Shih
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (F.-Y.L.); (C.-M.S.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (F.-Y.L.); (C.-M.S.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 238, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 406, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Lin
- Healthcare Information and Management Department, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (F.-Y.L.); (C.-M.S.); (S.-J.L.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.T.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chun-Yao Huang
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (F.-Y.L.); (C.-M.S.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.T.); (C.-Y.H.)
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Vašíček J, Baláži A, Bauer M, Svoradová A, Tirpáková M, Tomka M, Chrenek P. Molecular Profiling and Gene Banking of Rabbit EPCs Derived from Two Biological Sources. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030366. [PMID: 33806502 PMCID: PMC7998175 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been broadly studied for several years due to their outstanding regenerative potential. Moreover, these cells might be a valuable source of genetic information for the preservation of endangered animal species. However, a controversy regarding their characterization still exists. The aim of this study was to isolate and compare the rabbit peripheral blood- and bone marrow-derived EPCs with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in terms of their phenotype and morphology that could be affected by the passage number or cryopreservation as well as to assess their possible neuro-differentiation potential. Briefly, cells were isolated and cultured under standard endothelial conditions until passage 3. The morphological changes during the culture were monitored and each passage was analyzed for the typical phenotype using flow cytometry, quantitative real–time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and novel digital droplet PCR (ddPCR), and compared to HUVECs. The neurogenic differentiation was induced using a commercial kit. Rabbit cells were also cryopreserved for at least 3 months and then analyzed after thawing. According to the obtained results, both rabbit EPCs exhibit a spindle-shaped morphology and high proliferation rate. The both cell lines possess same stable phenotype: CD14−CD29+CD31−CD34−CD44+CD45−CD49f+CD73+CD90+CD105+CD133−CD146−CD166+VE-cadherin+VEGFR-2+SSEA-4+MSCA-1−vWF+eNOS+AcLDL+ALDH+vimentin+desmin+α-SMA+, slightly different from HUVECs. Moreover, both induced rabbit EPCs exhibit neuron-like morphological changes and expression of neuronal markers ENO2 and MAP2. In addition, cryopreserved rabbit cells maintained high viability (>85%) and endothelial phenotype after thawing. In conclusion, our findings suggest that cells expanded from the rabbit peripheral blood and bone marrow are of the endothelial origin with a stable marker expression and interesting proliferation and differentiation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromír Vašíček
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (P.C.); Tel.: +421-37-654-6600 (J.V.); +421-37-641-4274 (P.C.)
| | - Andrej Baláži
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Miroslav Bauer
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nábrežie mládeže 91, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Svoradová
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Mária Tirpáková
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
- AgroBioTech Research Center, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marián Tomka
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Peter Chrenek
- NPPC, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia; (A.B.); (M.B.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (P.C.); Tel.: +421-37-654-6600 (J.V.); +421-37-641-4274 (P.C.)
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Abdelgawad ME, Desterke C, Uzan G, Naserian S. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and characterization of endothelial progenitor cells: new approach for finding novel markers. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:145. [PMID: 33627177 PMCID: PMC7905656 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are promising candidates for the cellular therapy of peripheral arterial and cardiovascular diseases. However, hitherto there is no specific marker(s) defining precisely EPCs. Herein, we are proposing a new in silico approach for finding novel EPC markers. Methods We assembled five groups of chosen EPC-related genes/factors using PubMed literature and Gene Ontology databases. This shortened database of EPC factors was fed into publically published transcriptome matrix to compare their expression between endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), HUVECs, and two adult endothelial cell types (ECs) from the skin and adipose tissue. Further, the database was used for functional enrichment on Mouse Phenotype database and protein-protein interaction network analyses. Moreover, we built a digital matrix of healthy donors’ PBMCs (33 thousand single-cell transcriptomes) and analyzed the expression of these EPC factors. Results Transcriptome analyses showed that BMP2, 4, and ephrinB2 were exclusively highly expressed in EPCs; the expression of neuropilin-1 and VEGF-C were significantly higher in EPCs and HUVECs compared with other ECs; Notch 1 was highly expressed in EPCs and skin-ECs; MIR21 was highly expressed in skin-ECs; PECAM-1 was significantly higher in EPCs and adipose ECs. Moreover, functional enrichment of EPC-related genes on Mouse Phenotype and STRING protein database has revealed significant relations between chosen EPC factors and endothelial and vascular functions, development, and morphogenesis, where ephrinB2, BMP2, and BMP4 were highly expressed in EPCs and were connected to abnormal vascular functions. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses have revealed that among the EPC-regulated markers in transcriptome analyses, (i) ICAM1 and Endoglin were weekly expressed in the monocyte compartment of the peripheral blood; (ii) CD163 and CD36 were highly expressed in the CD14+ monocyte compartment whereas CSF1R was highly expressed in the CD16+ monocyte compartment, (iii) L-selectin and IL6R were globally expressed in the lymphoid/myeloid compartments, and (iv) interestingly, PLAUR/UPAR and NOTCH2 were highly expressed in both CD14+ and CD16+ monocytic compartments. Conclusions The current study has identified novel EPC markers that could be used for better characterization of EPC subpopulation in adult peripheral blood and subsequent usage of EPCs for various cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biotechnology Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Innovative Cellular Microenvironment Optimization Platform (ICMOP), Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. .,Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,Inserm UMR-S-MD A9, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Georges Uzan
- Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Sina Naserian
- Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France. .,CellMedEx, Saint Maur des Fossés, France.
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Chopra H, Han Y, Zhang C, Pow EHN. CD133 +CD34 + cells can give rise to EPCs: A comparative rabbit and human study. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 86:102487. [PMID: 32920463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Edmond Ho Nang Pow
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Du X, Hu N, Yu H, Hong L, Ran F, Huang D, Zhou M, Li C, Li X. miR-150 regulates endothelial progenitor cell differentiation via Akt and promotes thrombus resolution. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:354. [PMID: 32787969 PMCID: PMC7425584 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) constitutes a major global disease burden. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been described in association with recanalization of venous thrombus. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests microRNAs are involved in this progression. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of miR-150 on the behavior of EPCs and its potential contribution in venous thrombosis resolution. Methods We isolated and cultured EPCs from healthy adults. Next, early EPCs or endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs or late EPCs) were transfected with miR-150 agomir and antagomir. Gene expression profiles, proliferation, cytokine secretion, and angiogenic capacity of early EPCs and ECFCs were examined. The effects of miR-150 on c-Myb expression and Akt/FOXO1 signaling were also evaluated. Furthermore, a rat model of venous thrombosis was constructed to determine the in vivo function of EPCs. Results Our results showed that miR-150 overexpression in early EPCs significantly promoted differentiation to ECFCs and contributed to proliferation and tube formation. However, suppression of miR-150 in late EPCs inhibited proliferation and tube formation. Moreover, we identified that this progression is regulated by inhibition of c-Myb and activation of the Akt/FOXO1 pathway. Our findings also showed that miR-150 led to the enhanced resolution ability of EPCs in a rat venous thrombosis model. Conclusions In this study, we present a novel mechanism of miRNA-mediated regulation of EPCs and Akt activation in thrombus resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huiying Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining Medical College, Jining, 272000, China
| | - Lei Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Feng Ran
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Dian Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Naito H, Iba T, Takakura N. Mechanisms of new blood-vessel formation and proliferative heterogeneity of endothelial cells. Int Immunol 2020; 32:295-305. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The vast blood-vessel network of the circulatory system is crucial for maintaining bodily homeostasis, delivering essential molecules and blood cells, and removing waste products. Blood-vessel dysfunction and dysregulation of new blood-vessel formation are related to the onset and progression of many diseases including cancer, ischemic disease, inflammation and immune disorders. Endothelial cells (ECs) are fundamental components of blood vessels and their proliferation is essential for new vessel formation, making them good therapeutic targets for regulating the latter. New blood-vessel formation occurs by vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development. Induction of ECs termed tip, stalk and phalanx cells by interactions between vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its receptors (VEGFR1–3) and between Notch and Delta-like Notch ligands (DLLs) is crucial for regulation of angiogenesis. Although the importance of angiogenesis is unequivocal in the adult, vasculogenesis effected by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may also contribute to post-natal vessel formation. However, the definition of these cells is ambiguous and they include several distinct cell types under the simple classification of ‘EPC’. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates that ECs within the intima show clonal expansion in some situations and that they may harbor vascular-resident endothelial stem cells. In this article, we summarize recent knowledge on vascular development and new blood-vessel formation in the adult. We also introduce concepts of EC heterogeneity and EC clonal expansion, referring to our own recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisamichi Naito
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iba
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takakura
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, World Premier Institute Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Sun Y, Chen S, Zhang X, Pei M. Significance of Cellular Cross-Talk in Stromal Vascular Fraction of Adipose Tissue in Neovascularization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:1034-1044. [PMID: 31018663 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cell-based therapy has been regarded as a promising treatment for tissue ischemia because of its ability to promote new blood vessel formation. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are the most used angiogenic cells for therapeutic neovascularization, yet the side effects and low efficacy have limited their clinical application. Adipose stromal vascular fraction is an easily accessible, heterogeneous cell system comprised of endothelial, stromal, and hematopoietic cell lineages, which has been shown to spontaneously form robust, patent, and functional vasculatures in vivo. However, the characteristics of each cell population and their specific roles in neovascularization remain an area of ongoing investigation. In this review, we summarize the functional capabilities of various stromal vascular fraction constituents during the process of neovascularization and attempt to analyze whether the cross-talk between these constituents generates a synergetic effect, thus contributing to the development of new potential therapeutic strategies to promote neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sun
- From the Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China (Y.S., X.Z.); Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics (Y.S., M.P.), Exercise Physiology (M.P.), and WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (M.P.), West Virginia University, Morgantown; and Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (S.C.)
| | - Song Chen
- From the Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China (Y.S., X.Z.); Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics (Y.S., M.P.), Exercise Physiology (M.P.), and WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (M.P.), West Virginia University, Morgantown; and Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (S.C.)
| | - Xicheng Zhang
- From the Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China (Y.S., X.Z.); Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics (Y.S., M.P.), Exercise Physiology (M.P.), and WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (M.P.), West Virginia University, Morgantown; and Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (S.C.)
| | - Ming Pei
- From the Department of Vascular Surgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu, China (Y.S., X.Z.); Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics (Y.S., M.P.), Exercise Physiology (M.P.), and WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (M.P.), West Virginia University, Morgantown; and Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (S.C.)
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12
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Abstract
The ability to generate new microvessels in desired numbers and at desired locations has been a long-sought goal in vascular medicine, engineering, and biology. Historically, the need to revascularize ischemic tissues nonsurgically (so-called therapeutic vascularization) served as the main driving force for the development of new methods of vascular growth. More recently, vascularization of engineered tissues and the generation of vascularized microphysiological systems have provided additional targets for these methods, and have required adaptation of therapeutic vascularization to biomaterial scaffolds and to microscale devices. Three complementary strategies have been investigated to engineer microvasculature: angiogenesis (the sprouting of existing vessels), vasculogenesis (the coalescence of adult or progenitor cells into vessels), and microfluidics (the vascularization of scaffolds that possess the open geometry of microvascular networks). Over the past several decades, vascularization techniques have grown tremendously in sophistication, from the crude implantation of arteries into myocardial tunnels by Vineberg in the 1940s, to the current use of micropatterning techniques to control the exact shape and placement of vessels within a scaffold. This review provides a broad historical view of methods to engineer the microvasculature, and offers a common framework for organizing and analyzing the numerous studies in this area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1155-1212, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Tien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Brookline, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Lee SH, Ra JC, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Setyawan EMN, Choi YB, Yang JW, Kang SK, Han SH, Kim GA, Lee BC. Clinical Assessment of Intravenous Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Dogs. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:943-954. [PMID: 31018670 PMCID: PMC6719494 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718821686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been applied for cell therapy because of their roles in angiogenesis and neovascularization in ischemic tissue. However, adverse responses caused by EPC therapy have not been fully investigated. In this study, a human peripheral blood sample was collected from a healthy donor and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated using Ficoll-Hypaque. There were four experimental groups: 10 ml saline infusion group (injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml saline bolus group (injection rate; 60 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs infusion group (2 x 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 3 ml/min), 10 ml EPCs bolus group (2 × 105 cells/ml, injection rate; 60 ml/min). Clinical assessment included physical examination and laboratory examination for intravenous human EPC transplantation in dogs. The results revealed no remarkable findings in vital signs among the dogs used. In blood analysis, platelet counts in saline infusion groups were significantly higher than in the EPC groups within normal ranges, and no significant differences were observed except K+, Cl- and blood urea nitrogen/urea. In ELISA assay, no significant difference was observed in serum tumor necrosis factor alpha. The serum concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly higher in EPC groups than in saline groups, and interleukin 10 was significantly up-regulated in the EPC infusion group compared with other groups. In conclusion, we demonstrated that no clinical abnormalities were detected after intravenous transplantation of human EPCs in dogs. The transplanted xenogenic EPCs might be involved in anti-inflammatory and angiogenic functions in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Ra
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Choi
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Won Yang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyup Han
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- 2 Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, R Bio Co., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- 1 Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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14
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Huuskes BM, DeBuque RJ, Kerr PG, Samuel CS, Ricardo SD. The Use of Live Cell Imaging and Automated Image Analysis to Assist With Determining Optimal Parameters for Angiogenic Assay in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:45. [PMID: 31024908 PMCID: PMC6468051 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Testing angiogenic potential and function of cells in culture is important for the understanding of the mechanisms that can modulate angiogenesis, especially when discovering novel anti- or pro-angiogenic therapeutics. Commonly used angiogenic assays include tube formation, proliferation, migration, and wound healing, and although well-characterized, it is important that methodology is standardized and reproducible. Human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are critical for post-natal vascular homeostasis and can be isolated from human peripheral blood. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) are a subset of EPCs and are of interest as a possible therapeutic target for hypoxic diseases such as kidney disease, as they have a high angiogenic potential. However, once ECFCs are identified in culture, the exact timing of passaging has not been well-described and the optimal conditions to perform angiogenic assays such as seeding density, growth media (GM) concentrations and end-points of these assays is widely varied in the literature. Here, we describe the process of isolating, culturing and passaging ECFCs from patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), aided by image analysis. We further describe optimal conditions, for human bladder endothelial cells (hBECs), challenged in angiogenic assays and confirm that cell density is a limiting factor in accurately detecting angiogenic parameters. Furthermore, we show that GM along is enough to alter the angiogenic potential of cells, seeded at the same density. Lastly, we report on the success of human ECFCs in angiogenic assays and describe the benefits of live-cell imaging combined with time-lapse microscopy for this type of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Huuskes
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan J DeBuque
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter G Kerr
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Wang F, Li G, Guan X, Han Z, Yu X, You Q. Overexpression of eNOS decrease tissue factor (TF) level in CD34+ cells exhibit increased antithrombogenic property in small caliber vascular graft. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 60:136-143. [DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.18.08951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Vasculogenic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Human: Future Cell Therapy Product or Liquid Biopsy for Vascular Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1201:215-237. [PMID: 31898789 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
New blood vessel formation in adults was considered to result exclusively from sprouting of preexisting endothelial cells, a process referred to angiogenesis. Vasculogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from endothelial progenitor cells, was thought to occur only during embryonic life. Discovery of adult endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in 1997 opened the door for cell therapy in vascular disease. Endothelial progenitor cells contribute to vascular repair and are now well established as postnatal vasculogenic cells in humans. It is now admitted that endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are the vasculogenic subtype. ECFCs could be used as a cell therapy product and also as a liquid biopsy in several vascular diseases or as vector for gene therapy. However, despite a huge interest in these cells, their tissue and molecular origin is still unclear. We recently proposed that endothelial progenitor could come from very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) isolated in human from CD133 positive cells. VSELs are small dormant stem cells related to migratory primordial germ cells. They have been described in bone marrow and other organs. This chapter discusses the reported findings from in vitro data and also preclinical studies that aimed to explore stem cells at the origin of vasculogenesis in human and then explore the potential use of ECFCs to promote newly formed vessels or serve as liquid biopsy to understand vascular pathophysiology and in particular pulmonary disease and haemostasis disorders.
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17
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Insights into Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Origin, Classification, Potentials, and Prospects. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9847015. [PMID: 30581475 PMCID: PMC6276490 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9847015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the late 1990s, a paradigm shift in the concept of neoangiogenesis occurred. The identification of circulating EPCs in peripheral blood marked the beginning of a new era with enormous potential in the rapidly transforming regenerative field. Overwhelmed with the revelation, researchers across the globe focused on isolating, defining, and interpreting the role of EPCs in various physiological and pathological conditions. Consequently, controversies emerged regarding the isolation techniques and classification of EPCs. Nevertheless, the potential of using EPCs in tissue engineering as an angiogenic source has been extensively explored. Concomitantly, the impact of EPCs on various diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied. Within the limitations of the current knowledge, this review attempts to delineate the concept of EPCs in a sequential manner from the speculative history to a definitive presence (origin, sources of EPCs, isolation, and identification) and significance of these EPCs. Additionally, this review is aimed at serving as a guide for investigators, identifying potential research gaps, and summarizing our current and future prospects regarding EPCs.
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18
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Esquiva G, Grayston A, Rosell A. Revascularization and endothelial progenitor cells in stroke. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C664-C674. [PMID: 30133323 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00200.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Tremendous improvements have been achieved in the acute care of stroke patients with the implementation of stroke units, thrombolytic drugs, and endovascular trombectomies. However, stroke survivors with neurological deficits require long periods of neurorehabilitation, which is the only approved therapy for poststroke recovery. With this scenario, more treatments are urgently needed, and only the understanding of the mechanisms of brain recovery might contribute to identify new therapeutic agents. Fortunately, brain injury after stroke is counteracted by the birth and migration of several populations of progenitor cells towards the injured areas, where angiogenesis and vascular remodeling play a key role providing trophic support and guidance during neurorepair. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) constitute a pool of circulating bone-marrow derived cells that mobilize after an ischemic injury with the potential to incorporate into the damaged endothelium, to form new vessels, or to secrete trophic factors stimulating vessel remodeling. The circulating levels of EPCs are altered after stroke, and several subpopulations have proved to boost brain neurorepair in preclinical models of cerebral ischemia. The goal of this review is to discuss the current state of the neuroreparative actions of EPCs, focusing on their paracrine signaling mechanisms thorough their secretome and released extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Esquiva
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Alba Grayston
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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19
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Del Papa N, Pignataro F. The Role of Endothelial Progenitors in the Repair of Vascular Damage in Systemic Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1383. [PMID: 29967618 PMCID: PMC6015881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by a complex pathological process where the main scenario is represented by progressive loss of microvascular bed, with the consequent progressive fibrotic changes in involved organ and tissues. Although most aspects of vascular injury in scleroderma are poorly understood, recent data suggest that the scleroderma impairment of neovascularization could be related to both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis failure. Particularly, compensatory angiogenesis does not occur normally in spite of an important increase in many angiogenic factors either in SSc skin or serum. Besides insufficient angiogenesis, the contribution of defective vasculogenesis to SSc vasculopathy has been extensively studied. Over the last decades, our understanding of the processes responsible for the formation of new vessels after tissue ischemia has increased. In the past, adult neovascularization was thought to depend mainly on angiogenesis (a process by which new vessels are formed by the proliferation and migration of mature endothelial cells). More recently, increased evidence suggests that stem cells mobilize from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood (PB), differentiate in circulating endothelial progenitors (EPCs), and home to site of ischemia to contribute to de novo vessel formation. Significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of EPCs, and molecular mechanisms regulating EPC function. Autologous EPCs now are becoming a novel treatment option for therapeutic vascularization and vascular repair, mainly in ischemic diseases. However, different diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and peripheral artery ischemia are related to EPC dysfunction. Several studies have shown that EPCs can be detected in the PB of patients with SSc and are impaired in their function. Based on an online literature search (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, last updated December 2017) using keywords related to “endothelial progenitor cells” and “Systemic Sclerosis,” “scleroderma vasculopathy,” “angiogenesis,” “vasculogenesis,” this review gives an overview on the large body of data of current research in this issue, including controversies over the identity and functions of EPCs, their meaning as biomarker of SSc microangiopathy and their clinical potency.
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20
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Blocki A, Beyer S, Jung F, Raghunath M. The controversial origin of pericytes during angiogenesis - Implications for cell-based therapeutic angiogenesis and cell-based therapies. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:215-232. [PMID: 29758937 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes reside within the basement membrane of small vessels and are often in direct cellular contact with endothelial cells, fulfilling important functions during blood vessel formation and homeostasis. Recently, these pericytes have been also identified as mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells, and especially their specialized subpopulation of pericytes, represent promising candidates for therapeutic angiogenesis applications, and have already been widely applied in pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, cell-based therapies of ischemic diseases (especially of myocardial infarction) have not resulted in significant long-term improvement. Interestingly, pericytes from a hematopoietic origin were observed in embryonic skin and a pericyte sub-population expressing leukocyte and monocyte markers was described during adult angiogenesis in vivo. Since mesenchymal stem cells do not express hematopoietic markers, the latter cell type might represent an alternative pericyte population relevant to angiogenesis. Therefore, we sourced blood-derived angiogenic cells (BDACs) from monocytes that closely resembled hematopoietic pericytes, which had only been observed in vivo thus far. BDACs displayed many pericytic features and exhibited enhanced revascularization and functional tissue regeneration in a pre-clinical model of critical limb ischemia. Comparison between BDACs and mesenchymal pericytes indicated that BDACs (while resembling hematopoietic pericytes) enhanced early stages of angiogenesis, such as endothelial cell sprouting. In contrast, mesenchymal pericytes were responsible for blood vessel maturation and homeostasis, while reducing endothelial sprouting.Since the formation of new blood vessels is crucial during therapeutic angiogenesis or during integration of implants into the host tissue, hematopoietic pericytes (and therefore BDACs) might offer an advantageous addition or even an alternative for cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Blocki
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sebastian Beyer
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute for Clinical Hemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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Liu S, Hou X, Chen L, Hu H, Sun Q, Zhao F, Liu C. Enhancing amplification of late-outgrowth endothelial cells by bilobalide. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3340-3352. [PMID: 29566307 PMCID: PMC6010852 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of autologous late-outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) is a promising treatment for restenosis after revascularization. Preparing cells by in vitro amplification is a key step to implement the therapy. This study aimed to demonstrate that bilobalide, a terpenoid, enhances the OEC amplification. Human-, rabbit- and rat OECs and a mouse femoral artery injury model were used. Expanding OECs used endothelial growth medium-2 as the standard culture medium while exploring the mechanisms used endothelial basal medium-2. Proliferation assay used MTT method and BrdU method. Migration assay used the modified Boyden chamber. Intracellular nitric oxide, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical/peroxynitrite and H2 O2 were quantified with DAF-FM DA, dihydroethidium, hydroxyphenyl fluorescein and a H2 O2 assay kit, respectively. Activated ERK1/2 and eNOS were tested with the Western blot. Bilobalide concentration-dependently enhanced OEC number increase in vitro. Transfusion of bilobalide-based human OECs into femoral injured athymia nude mouse reduced the intimal hyperplasia. Bilobalide promoted OEC proliferation and migration and increased the intracellular nitric oxide level. L-NAME, a NOS inhibitor, inhibits but not abolishes OEC proliferation, migration and ERK1/2 activation. Bilobalide concentration-dependently enhanced the eNOS Ser-1177 phosphorylation and Thr-495 dephosphorylation in activated OECs. Bilobalide alleviates the increase in hydroxyl radical/peroxynitrite, superoxide anion and H2 O2 in proliferating OECs. In conclusion, nitric oxide plays a partial role in OEC proliferation and migration; bilobalide increases OEC nitric oxide production and decreases nitric oxide depletion, promoting the OEC number increase; Bilobalide-based OECs are active in vivo. The findings may simplify the preparation of OECs, facilitating the implementation of the autologous-OECs-transfusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoye Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- The Basic Medical Central Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuanhao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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22
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Tefft BJ, Uthamaraj S, Harbuzariu A, Harburn JJ, Witt TA, Newman B, Psaltis PJ, Hlinomaz O, Holmes DR, Gulati R, Simari RD, Dragomir-Daescu D, Sandhu GS. Nanoparticle-Mediated Cell Capture Enables Rapid Endothelialization of a Novel Bare Metal Stent. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1157-1166. [PMID: 29431053 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Incomplete endothelialization of intracoronary stents has been associated with stent thrombosis and recurrent symptoms, whereas prolonged use of dual antiplatelet therapy increases bleeding-related adverse events. Facilitated endothelialization has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in patients who are unable to tolerate dual antiplatelet therapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic cell capture to rapidly endothelialize intracoronary stents in a large animal model. A novel stent was developed from a magnetizable duplex stainless steel (2205 SS). Polylactic-co-glycolic acid and magnetite (Fe3O4) were used to synthesize biodegradable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and these were used to label autologous blood outgrowth endothelial cells. Magnetic 2205 SS and nonmagnetic 316L SS control stents were implanted in the coronary arteries of pigs (n = 11), followed by intracoronary delivery of magnetically labeled cells to 2205 SS stents. In this study, we show extensive endothelialization of magnetic 2205 SS stents (median 98.4% cell coverage) within 3 days, whereas the control 316L SS stents exhibited significantly less coverage (median 48.9% cell coverage, p < 0.0001). This demonstrates the ability of intracoronary delivery of magnetic nanoparticle labeled autologous endothelial cells to improve endothelialization of magnetized coronary stents within 3 days of implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Tefft
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Adriana Harbuzariu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - J Jonathan Harburn
- 3 School of Pharmacy & Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Tyra A Witt
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brant Newman
- 2 Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- 4 Vascular Research Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute , Adelaide, Australia .,5 School of Medicine, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ota Hlinomaz
- 6 Department of Cardioangiology, St. Anne's University Hospital , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David R Holmes
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rajiv Gulati
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert D Simari
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Dan Dragomir-Daescu
- 7 Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gurpreet S Sandhu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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23
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Huuskes BM, DeBuque RJ, Polkinghorne KR, Samuel CS, Kerr PG, Ricardo SD. Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Vascular Health in Dialysis Patients. Kidney Int Rep 2018; 3:205-211. [PMID: 29340332 PMCID: PMC5762957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke M Huuskes
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan J DeBuque
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevan R Polkinghorne
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Prahan, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter G Kerr
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Chantzichristos VG, Gkrozou F, Stellos K, Paschopoulos ME, Tselepis AD. Comparative Anti-Platelet Profiling Reveals a Potent Anti-Aggregatory Effect of CD34+ Progenitor Cell-Derived Late-Outgrowth Endothelial Cells in vitro. J Vasc Res 2017; 55:13-25. [DOI: 10.1159/000481779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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25
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Alexandru N, Andrei E, Niculescu L, Dragan E, Ristoiu V, Georgescu A. Microparticles of healthy origins improve endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction via microRNA transfer in an atherosclerotic hamster model. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 221:230-249. [PMID: 28513999 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed: (i) to obtain and functionally characterize the cultures of late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from the animal blood; (ii) to investigate the potential beneficial effects of circulating microparticles (MPs) of healthy origins on EPC dysfunctionality in atherosclerosis as well as involved mechanisms. METHODS Late EPCs were obtained and expanded in culture from peripheral blood isolated from two animal groups: hypertensive-hyperlipidaemic (HH) and control (C) hamsters. In parallel experiments, late EPC cultures from HH were incubated with MPs from C group. RESULTS The results showed that late EPCs display endothelial cell phenotype: (i) have ability to uptake 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3 tetramethylindocarbocyanine-labelled acetylated low-density lipoprotein and Ulex europaeus agglutinin lectin-1; (ii) express CD34, CD133, KDR, CD144, vWF, Tie-2. Late EPCs from HH exhibited different morphological and functional characteristics compared to control: (i) are smaller and irregular in shape; (ii) present decreased endothelial surface marker expression; (iii) display reduced proliferation, migration and adhesion; (iv) lose ability to organize themselves into tubular structures and integrate into vascular network; (v) have diminished function of inward rectifier potassium channels. The incubation of late EPCs with MPs improved EPC functionality by miR-10a, miR-21, miR-126, miR-146a, miR-223 transfer and IGF-1 expression activation; the kinetic study of MP incorporation into EPCs demonstrated MP uptake by EPCs followed by the miRNA transfer. CONCLUSION The data reveal that late EPCs from atherosclerotic model exhibit distinctive features and are dysfunctional, and their function recovery can be supported by MP ability to transfer miRNAs. These findings bring a new light on the vascular repair in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Alexandru
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’ of the Romanian Academy; Bucharest Romania
| | - E. Andrei
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’ of the Romanian Academy; Bucharest Romania
| | - L. Niculescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’ of the Romanian Academy; Bucharest Romania
| | - E. Dragan
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’ of the Romanian Academy; Bucharest Romania
| | - V. Ristoiu
- Faculty of Biology; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - A. Georgescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’ of the Romanian Academy; Bucharest Romania
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26
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Qin Y, Zhang C. Endothelial progenitor cell‑derived extracellular vesicle‑meditated cell‑to‑cell communication regulates the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stromal cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7018-7024. [PMID: 28901383 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a promising treatment strategy to increase bone regeneration. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are commonly used to promote vessel formation and osteoblastic differentiation in tissue engineering. Previous studies have demonstrated that EPCs regulate both proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Understanding this mechanism is critical to developing more effective treatments. The role of extracellular vesicles in cell‑to‑cell communication has attracted substantial attention. These small vesicles deliver proteins, DNA, and RNA and consequently regulate the commitment, function, and differentiation of target cells. In the present study, EPC‑derived extracellular vesicles (EPC‑EVs were isolated using gradient ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration and the influence of EPC‑EVs on BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and proliferation was examined in vitro. The results indicated that EPC‑EVs regulate the osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs by inhibiting the expression of osteogenic genes and increasing proliferation in vitro. It is suggested that the results regarding the role of EPC‑EVs will provide a novel way to explain the crosstalk between EPCs and BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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27
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Dohle E, El Bagdadi K, Sader R, Choukroun J, James Kirkpatrick C, Ghanaati S. Platelet-rich fibrin-based matrices to improve angiogenesis in an in vitro co-culture model for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:598-610. [PMID: 28509340 PMCID: PMC5888144 DOI: 10.1002/term.2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the context of prevascularization strategies for tissue‐engineering purposes, co‐culture systems consisting of outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) and primary osteoblasts (pOBs) have been established as a promising in vitro tool to study regeneration mechanisms and to identify factors that might positively influence repair processes such as wound healing or angiogenesis. The development of autologous injectable platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), which can be generated from peripheral blood in a minimal invasive procedure, fulfils several requirements for clinically applicable cell‐based tissue‐engineering strategies. During this study, the established co‐culture system of OECs and pOBs was mixed with injectable PRF and was cultivated in vitro for 24 h or 7 days. The aim of this study was to analyse whether PRF might have a positive effect on wound healing processes and angiogenic activation of OECs in the co‐culture with regard to proinflammatory factors, adhesion molecules and proangiogenic growth factor expression. Histological cell detection revealed the formation of lumina and microvessel‐like structures in the PRF/co‐culture complexes after 7 days of complex cultivation. Interestingly, the angiogenic activation of OECs was accompanied by an upregulation of wound healing‐associated factors, as well as by a higher expression of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor, which was evaluated both on the mRNA level as well as on the protein level. Thus, PRF might positively influence wound healing processes, in particular angiogenesis, in the in vitro co‐culture, making autologous PRF‐based matrices a beneficial therapeutic tool for tissue‐engineering purposes by simply profiting from the PRF, which contains blood plasma, platelets and leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Dohle
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karima El Bagdadi
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Sader
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph Choukroun
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Biomaterials, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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28
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Kang KT, Lin RZ, Kuppermann D, Melero-Martin JM, Bischoff J. Endothelial colony forming cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells form blood vessels and increase blood flow in ischemic muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:770. [PMID: 28396600 PMCID: PMC5429692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we investigated whether endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) and mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPC) form vascular networks and restore blood flow in ischemic skeletal muscle, and whether host myeloid cells play a role. ECFC + MPC, ECFC alone, MPC alone, or vehicle alone were injected into the hind limb ischemic muscle one day after ligation of femoral artery and vein. At day 5, hind limbs injected with ECFC + MPC showed greater blood flow recovery compared with ECFC, MPC, or vehicle. Tail vein injection of human endothelial specific Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I demonstrated an increased number of perfused human vessels in ECFC + MPC compared with ECFC. In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed ECFC persisted for 14 days in ECFC + MPC-injected hind limbs. Flow cytometric analysis of ischemic muscles at day 2 revealed increased myeloid lineage cells in ECFC + MPC-injected muscles compared to vehicle-injected muscles. Neutrophils declined by day 7, while the number of myeloid cells, macrophages, and monocytes did not. Systemic myeloid cell depletion with anti-Gr-1 antibody blocked the improved blood flow observed with ECFC + MPC and reduced ECFC and MPC retention. Our data suggest that ECFC + MPC delivery could be used to reestablish blood flow in ischemic tissues, and this may be enhanced by coordinated recruitment of host myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Tae Kang
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Pharmacy building (Room 423), 33, Samyangro 144-gil, Dobong Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ruei-Zeng Lin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David Kuppermann
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan M Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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29
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells' Classification and Application in Neurological Diseases. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:327-332. [PMID: 30603489 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on ischemic stroke have been extensively studied in recent years. However, the differences in early EPCs and endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs) are still unclear. Clarifications of their respective properties and specific functioning characteristics contribute to better applications of EPCs in ischemic diseases. In this review, we discuss cellular origin, isolation, culture, surface markers of early EPCs and EOCs and relevant applications in neurological diseases. We conclude that EOCs possess all characteristics of true endothelial progenitors and have potent advantages in EPC-based therapies for ischemic diseases. A number of preclinical and clinical applications of EPCs in neurological diseases are under study. More studies are needed to determine the specific characteristics of EPCs and the relevant mechanisms of EPCs for neurological diseases.
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30
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Tefft BJ, Uthamaraj S, Harburn JJ, Hlinomaz O, Lerman A, Dragomir-Daescu D, Sandhu GS. Magnetizable stent-grafts enable endothelial cell capture. JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS 2017; 427:100-104. [PMID: 28286359 PMCID: PMC5341609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging nanotechnologies have enabled the use of magnetic forces to guide the movement of magnetically-labeled cells, drugs, and other therapeutic agents. Endothelial cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have previously been captured on the surface of magnetizable 2205 duplex stainless steel stents in a porcine coronary implantation model. Recently, we have coated these stents with electrospun polyurethane nanofibers to fabricate prototype stent-grafts. Facilitated endothelialization may help improve the healing of arteries treated with stent-grafts, reduce the risk of thrombosis and restenosis, and enable small-caliber applications. When placed in a SPION-labeled endothelial cell suspension in the presence of an external magnetic field, magnetized stent-grafts successfully captured cells to the surface regions adjacent to the stent struts. Implantation within the coronary circulation of pigs (n=13) followed immediately by SPION-labeled autologous endothelial cell delivery resulted in widely patent devices with a thin, uniform neointima and no signs of thrombosis or inflammation at 7 days. Furthermore, the magnetized stent-grafts successfully captured and retained SPION-labeled endothelial cells to select regions adjacent to stent struts and between stent struts, whereas the non-magnetized control stent-grafts did not. Early results with these prototype devices are encouraging and further refinements will be necessary in order to achieve more uniform cell capture and complete endothelialization. Once optimized, this approach may lead to more rapid and complete healing of vascular stent-grafts with a concomitant improvement in long-term device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Tefft
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN., USA
| | | | - J. Jonathan Harburn
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Ota Hlinomaz
- Department of Cardioangiology, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN., USA
| | - Dan Dragomir-Daescu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN., USA
| | - Gurpreet S. Sandhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN., USA
- Corresponding Author: phone: (507) 255-2440 fax: (507)
255-2550
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31
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Munoz-Pinto DJ, Erndt-Marino JD, Becerra-Bayona SM, Guiza-Arguello VR, Samavedi S, Malmut S, Reichert WM, Russell B, Höök M, Hahn MS. Evaluation of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cell and umbilical vein endothelial cell responses to thromboresistant collagen-mimetic hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1712-1724. [PMID: 28218444 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive coatings which support the adhesion of late-outgrowth peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EOCs) are actively being investigated as a means to promote rapid endothelialization of "off-the-shelf," small-caliber arterial graft prostheses following implantation. In the present work, we evaluated the behavior of EOCs on thromboresistant graft coatings based on the collagen-mimetic protein Scl2-2 and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) diacrylate. Specifically, the attachment, proliferation, migration, and phenotype of EOCs on PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogels were evaluated as a function of Scl2-2 concentration (4, 8, and 12 mg/mL) relative to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results demonstrate the ability of each PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogel formulation to support EOC and HUVEC adhesion, proliferation, and spreading. However, only the 8 and 12 mg/mL PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogels were able to support stable EOC and HUVEC confluence. These PEG-Scl2-2 formulations were, therefore, selected for evaluation of their impact on EOC and HUVEC phenotype relative to PEG-collagen hydrogels. Cumulatively, both gene and protein level data indicated that 8 mg/mL PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogels supported similar or improved levels of EOC maturation relative to PEG-collagen controls based on evaluation of CD34, VEGFR2, PECAM-1, and VE-Cadherin. The 8 mg/mL PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogels also appeared to support similar or improved levels of EOC homeostatic marker expression relative to PEG-collagen hydrogels based on von Willebrand factor, collagen IV, NOS3, thrombomodulin, and E-selectin assessment. Combined, the present results indicate that PEG-Scl2-2 hydrogels warrant further investigation as "off-the-shelf" graft coatings. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1712-1724, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany J Munoz-Pinto
- Department of Engineering Science, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Josh D Erndt-Marino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | | | | | - Satyavrata Samavedi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - Sarah Malmut
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
| | - William M Reichert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brooke Russell
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, TAM Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Magnus Höök
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, TAM Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
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32
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Kolster M, Wilhelmi M, Schrimpf C, Hilfiker A, Haverich A, Aper T. Outgrowing endothelial and smooth muscle cells for tissue engineering approaches. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417698852. [PMID: 28540031 PMCID: PMC5433677 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417698852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, circulating progenitors of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were identified in the peripheral blood. In our study, we evaluated the utilization of both cell types isolated and differentiated from peripheral porcine blood in terms for their use for tissue engineering purposes. By means of density gradient centrifugation, the monocyte fraction from porcine blood was separated, split, and cultivated with specific culture media with either endothelial cell growth medium-2 or smooth muscle cell growth medium-2 for the differentiation of endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells. Obtained cells were characterized at an early stage of cultivation before the first passage and a late stage (fourth passage) on the basis of the expression of the antigens CD31, CD34, CD45, nitric oxide synthase, and the contractile filaments smooth-muscle alpha-actin (sm-alpha-actin) and smoothelin. Functional characterization was done based on the secretion of nitric oxide, the formation of a coherent monolayer on polytetrafluoroethylene, and capillary sprouting. During cultivation in both endothelial cell growth medium-2 and smooth muscle cell growth medium-2, substantially two types of cells grew out: early outgrown CD45-positive cells, which disappeared during further cultivation, and in 85% (n = 17/20) of cultures cultivated with endothelial cell growth medium-2 colony-forming late outgrowth endothelial cells. During cultivation with smooth muscle cell growth medium-2 in 80% (n = 16/20) of isolations colony-forming late outgrowth smooth muscle cells entered the stage. Cultivation with either endothelial cell growth medium-2 or smooth muscle cell growth medium-2 had selective effect on the late outgrown cells to that effect that the number of CD31-positive cells increased from 34.8% ± 13% to 83.9% ± 8% in cultures cultivated with endothelial cell growth medium-2 and the number of sm-α-actin+ cells increased from 52.6% ± 18% to 88% ± 5% in cultures cultivated with smooth muscle cell growth medium-2, respectively. Functional analyses revealed significantly higher levels of nitric oxide secretion, endothelialization capacity, and capillary formation in not expanded cultures cultivated with endothelial cell growth medium-2 in comparison to later stages of cultivation and mature aortic cells. Blood seems to be a reliable and feasible source for the isolation of both endothelial and smooth muscle cells for application in tissue engineering approaches. Whereas, early co-cultures of early and late outgrowth cells provide functional advantages, the differentiation of cells can be directed selectively by the used culture medium for the expansion of highly proliferative late outgrowth endothelial cells and late outgrowth smooth muscle cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Kolster
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Schrimpf
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andres Hilfiker
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Aper
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Shoeibi S, Mohammadi S, Sadeghnia HR, Mahdipour E, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Determine exogenous human DDAH2gene function in rabbit bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells in vitro. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:69-76. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Shabnam Mohammadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; Gonabad University of Medical Sciences; Gonabad Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Pivotal Cytoprotective Mediators and Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Based Cardiovascular Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8340257. [PMID: 28090210 PMCID: PMC5206447 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8340257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction, is a major cause of death worldwide. In aspects of cell therapy against CVD, it is generally accepted that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are potent neovascular modulators in ischemic tissues. In response to ischemic injury signals, EPCs located in a bone marrow niche migrate to injury sites and form new vessels by secreting various vasculogenic factors including VEGF, SDF-1, and FGF, as well as by directly differentiating into endothelial cells. Nonetheless, in ischemic tissues, most of engrafted EPCs do not survive under harsh ischemic conditions and nutrient depletion. Therefore, an understanding of diverse EPC-related cytoprotective mediators underlying EPC homeostasis in ischemic tissues may help to overcome current obstacles for EPC-mediated cell therapy for CVDs. Additionally, to enhance EPC's functional capacity at ischemic sites, multiple strategies for cell survival should be considered, that is, preconditioning of EPCs with function-targeting drugs including natural compounds and hormones, virus mediated genetic modification, combined therapy with other stem/progenitor cells, and conglomeration with biomaterials. In this review, we discuss multiple cytoprotective mediators of EPC-based cardiovascular repair and propose promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CVDs.
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35
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Wils J, Favre J, Bellien J. Modulating putative endothelial progenitor cells for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 170:98-115. [PMID: 27773788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes induces a decrease in the number and function of different pro-angiogenic cell types generically designated as putative endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which encompasses cells from myeloid origin that act in a paracrine fashion to promote angiogenesis and putative "true" EPC that contribute to endothelial replacement. This not only compromises neovasculogenesis in ischemic tissues but also impairs, at an early stage, the reendotheliziation process at sites of injury, contributing to the development of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia promote putative EPC dysregulation by affecting the SDF-1/CXCR-4 and NO pathways and the p53/SIRT1/p66Shc axis that contribute to their mobilization, migration, homing and vasculogenic properties. To optimize the clinical management of patients with hypoglycemic agents, statins and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, which display pleiotropic effects on putative EPC, is a first step to improve their number and angiogenic potential but specific strategies are needed. Among them, mobilizing therapies based on G-CSF, erythropoietin or CXCR-4 antagonism have been developed to increase putative EPC number to treat ischemic diseases with or without prior cell isolation and transplantation. Growth factors, genetic and pharmacological strategies are also evaluated to improve ex vivo cultured EPC function before transplantation. Moreover, pharmacological agents increasing in vivo the bioavailability of NO and other endothelial factors demonstrated beneficial effects on neovascularization in diabetic ischemic models but their effects on endothelial dysfunction remain poorly evaluated. More experiments are warranted to develop orally available drugs and specific agents targeting p66Shc to reverse putative EPC dysfunction in the expected goal of preventing endothelial dysfunction and diabetic cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Wils
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1096, Rouen, France; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, Angers, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6214, Angers, France; INSERM U1083, Angers, France; University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1096, Rouen, France; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France.
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Wu Y, He MY, Ye JK, Ma SY, Huang W, Wei YY, Kong H, Wang H, Zeng XN, Xie WP. Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels facilitates the function of human endothelial colony-forming cells via Ca 2+ /Akt/eNOS pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:609-620. [PMID: 27709781 PMCID: PMC5323860 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data, including those from our laboratory, have shown that the opening of ATP‐sensitive potassium channels (KATP) plays a protective role in pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD). As maintainers of the endothelial framework, endothelial colony‐forming cells (ECFCs) are considered excellent candidates for vascular regeneration in cases of PVD. Although KATP openers (KCOs) have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on endothelial cells, the impact of KATP on ECFC function remains unclear. Herein, this study investigated whether there is a distribution of KATP in ECFCs and what role KATP play in ECFC modulation. By human ECFCs isolated from adult peripheral blood, KATP were confirmed for the first time to express in ECFCs, comprised subunits of Kir (Kir6.1, Kir6.2) and SUR2b. KCOs such as the classical agent nicorandil (Nico) and the novel agent iptakalim (Ipt) notably improved the function of ECFCs, promoting cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, which were abolished by a non‐selective KATP blocker glibenclamide (Gli). To determine the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the impacts of KCOs on CaMKII, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathways. Enhanced levels were detected by western blotting, which were abrogated by Gli. This suggested an involvement of Ca2+ signalling in the regulation of ECFCs by KATP. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that there is a distribution of KATP in ECFCs and KATP play a vital role in ECFC function. The present work highlighted a novel profile of KATP as a potential target for ECFC modulation, which may hold the key to the treatment of PVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, WuXi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Yu He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Kui Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Yue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Ping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Santini MP, Forte E, Harvey RP, Kovacic JC. Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells. Development 2016; 143:1242-58. [PMID: 27095490 DOI: 10.1242/dev.111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, several populations of cardiac stem cells have been described in the adult mammalian heart. For the most part, however, their lineage origins and in vivo functions remain largely unexplored. This Review summarizes what is known about different populations of embryonic and adult cardiac stem cells, including KIT(+), PDGFRα(+), ISL1(+)and SCA1(+)cells, side population cells, cardiospheres and epicardial cells. We discuss their developmental origins and defining characteristics, and consider their possible contribution to heart organogenesis and regeneration. We also summarize the origin and plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts and circulating endothelial progenitor cells, and consider what role these cells have in contributing to cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Santini
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Elvira Forte
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Paneni F, Costantino S, Kränkel N, Cosentino F, Lüscher TF. Reprogramming ageing and longevity genes restores paracrine angiogenic properties of early outgrowth cells. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:1733-7. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Eman RM, Meijer HA, Öner FC, Dhert WJ, Alblas J. Establishment of an Early Vascular Network Promotes the Formation of Ectopic Bone. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:253-62. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rhandy M. Eman
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette A.W. Meijer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F. Cumhur Öner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J.A. Dhert
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Alblas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lener T, Gimona M, Aigner L, Börger V, Buzas E, Camussi G, Chaput N, Chatterjee D, Court FA, Del Portillo HA, O'Driscoll L, Fais S, Falcon-Perez JM, Felderhoff-Mueser U, Fraile L, Gho YS, Görgens A, Gupta RC, Hendrix A, Hermann DM, Hill AF, Hochberg F, Horn PA, de Kleijn D, Kordelas L, Kramer BW, Krämer-Albers EM, Laner-Plamberger S, Laitinen S, Leonardi T, Lorenowicz MJ, Lim SK, Lötvall J, Maguire CA, Marcilla A, Nazarenko I, Ochiya T, Patel T, Pedersen S, Pocsfalvi G, Pluchino S, Quesenberry P, Reischl IG, Rivera FJ, Sanzenbacher R, Schallmoser K, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Strunk D, Tonn T, Vader P, van Balkom BWM, Wauben M, Andaloussi SE, Théry C, Rohde E, Giebel B. Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper. J Extracell Vesicles 2015; 4:30087. [PMID: 26725829 PMCID: PMC4698466 DOI: 10.3402/jev.v4.30087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 919] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released by different cell types and participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes. EVs mediate intercellular communication as cell-derived extracellular signalling organelles that transmit specific information from their cell of origin to their target cells. As a result of these properties, EVs of defined cell types may serve as novel tools for various therapeutic approaches, including (a) anti-tumour therapy, (b) pathogen vaccination, (c) immune-modulatory and regenerative therapies and (d) drug delivery. The translation of EVs into clinical therapies requires the categorization of EV-based therapeutics in compliance with existing regulatory frameworks. As the classification defines subsequent requirements for manufacturing, quality control and clinical investigation, it is of major importance to define whether EVs are considered the active drug components or primarily serve as drug delivery vehicles. For an effective and particularly safe translation of EV-based therapies into clinical practice, a high level of cooperation between researchers, clinicians and competent authorities is essential. In this position statement, basic and clinical scientists, as members of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) and of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) program of the European Union, namely European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health and Disease (ME-HaD), summarize recent developments and the current knowledge of EV-based therapies. Aspects of safety and regulatory requirements that must be considered for pharmaceutical manufacturing and clinical application are highlighted. Production and quality control processes are discussed. Strategies to promote the therapeutic application of EVs in future clinical studies are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lener
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mario Gimona
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Börger
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Edit Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, UMS 3655 CNRS/US23 Inserm, Villejuif, France
- Centre of Clinical Investigation in Biotherapy CICBT 1248, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Devasis Chatterjee
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Felipe A Court
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Pontificia-Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernando A Del Portillo
- ICREA at Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Stefano Fais
- Anti-Tumor Drugs Section, Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Juan M Falcon-Perez
- Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser
- Department of Paediatrics I, Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Fraile
- Departament de Producció Animal, ETSEA, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Yong Song Gho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ramesh C Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - An Hendrix
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Lambros Kordelas
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boris W Kramer
- Experimental Perinatology/Neonatology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva-Maria Krämer-Albers
- Molecular Cell Biology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandra Laner-Plamberger
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Saara Laitinen
- Research and Cell Services, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommaso Leonardi
- Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK
| | - Magdalena J Lorenowicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sai Kiang Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Casey A Maguire
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Dpto. Biología Celular y Parasitologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Universitat de València-Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irina Nazarenko
- Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and Hospital Infection Control Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tushar Patel
- Departments of Transplantation and Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gabriella Pocsfalvi
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Division of Stem Cell Neurobiology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Quesenberry
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ilona G Reischl
- BASG - Bundesamt für Sicherheit im Gesundheitswesen - Federal Office for Safety in Health Care, AGES - Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit - Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Institut Überwachung - Institute Surveillance, Wien, Austria
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ralf Sanzenbacher
- Ralf Sanzenbacher, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ineke Slaper-Cortenbach
- Cell Therapy Facility, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Experimental & Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine Dresden, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pieter Vader
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bas W M van Balkom
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marca Wauben
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clotilde Théry
- Centre of Clinical Investigation in Biotherapy CICBT 1248, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Eva Rohde
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital, Salzburger Landeskliniken GesmbH (SALK), Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany;
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Mata MF, Lopes JP, Ishikawa M, Alaiti MA, Cabral JM, da Silva CL, Costa MA. Scaling up the ex vivo expansion of human circulating CD34+progenitor cells with upregulation of angiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1777-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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DiMaio TA, Wentz BL, Lagunoff M. Isolation and characterization of circulating lymphatic endothelial colony forming cells. Exp Cell Res 2015; 340:159-69. [PMID: 26597759 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The identification of circulating endothelial progenitor cells has led to speculation regarding their origin as well as their contribution to neovascular development. Two distinct types of endothelium make up the blood and lymphatic vessel system. However, it has yet to be determined whether there are distinct lymphatic-specific circulating endothelial progenitor cells. OBJECTIVE This study aims to isolate and characterize the cellular properties and global gene expression of lymphatic-specific endothelial progenitor cells. METHODS AND RESULTS We isolated circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) from whole peripheral blood. These cells are endothelial in nature, as defined by their expression of endothelial markers and their ability to undergo capillary morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture. A subset of isolated colonies express markers of lymphatic endothelium, including VEGFR-3 and Prox-1, with low levels of VEGFR-1, a blood endothelial marker, while the bulk of the isolated cells express high VEGFR-1 levels with low VEGFR-3 and Prox-1 expression. The different isolates have differential responses to VEGF-C, a lymphatic endothelial specific cytokine, strongly suggesting that there are lymphatic specific and blood specific ECFCs. Global analysis of gene expression revealed key differences in the regulation of pathways involved in cellular differentiation between blood and lymphatic-specific ECFCs. CONCLUSION These data indicate that there are two distinguishable circulating ECFC types, blood and lymphatic, which are likely to have discrete functions during neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri A DiMaio
- University of Washington, Department of Microbiology, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Breanna L Wentz
- University of Washington, Department of Microbiology, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Michael Lagunoff
- University of Washington, Department of Microbiology, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
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Bou Khzam L, Bouchereau O, Boulahya R, Hachem A, Zaid Y, Abou-Saleh H, Merhi Y. Early outgrowth cells versus endothelial colony forming cells functions in platelet aggregation. J Transl Med 2015; 13:353. [PMID: 26552480 PMCID: PMC4640203 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been implicated in neoangiogenesis, endothelial repair and cell-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases. We have previously shown that the recruitment of EPCs to sites of vascular lesions is facilitated by platelets where EPCs, in turn, modulate platelet function and thrombosis. However, EPCs encompass a heterogeneous population of progenitor cells that may exert different effects on platelet function. Recent evidence suggests the existence of two EPC subtypes: early outgrowth cells (EOCs) and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs). We aimed at characterizing these two EPC subtypes and at identifying their role in platelet aggregation. Methods EOCs and ECFCs were generated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) seeded in conditioned media on fibronectin and collagen, respectively. The morphological, phenotypical and functional characteristics of EOCs and ECFCs were assessed by optical and confocal laser scanning microscopes, cell surface markers expression, and Matrigel tube formation. The impact of EOCs and ECFCs on platelet aggregation was monitored in collagen-induced optical aggregometry and compared with PBMCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The levels of the anti-platelet agents’ nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI2) released from cultured cells as well as the expression of their respective producing enzymes NO synthases (NOS) and cyclooxygenases (COX) were also assessed. Results We showed that EOCs display a monocytic-like phenotype whereas ECFCs have an endothelial-like phenotype. We demonstrated that both EOCs and ECFCs and their supernatants inhibited platelet aggregation; however ECFCs were more efficient than EOCs. This could be related to the release of significantly higher amounts of NO and PGI2 from ECFCs, in comparison to EOCs. Indeed, ECFCs, like HUVECs, constitutively express the endothelial (eNOS)—and inducible (iNOS)—NOS isoforms, and COX-1 and weakly express COX-2, whereas EOCs do not constitutively express these NO and PGI2 producing enzymes. Conclusion The different morphological, phenotypic and more importantly the release of the anti-aggregating agents PGI2 and NO in each EPC subtype are implicated in their respective roles in platelet function and thus, may be linked to the increased efficiency of ECFCs in inhibiting platelet aggregation as compared to EOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bou Khzam
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Olivier Bouchereau
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Rahma Boulahya
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Ahmed Hachem
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Younes Zaid
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | | | - Yahye Merhi
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Belanger, Montreal, QC, H1T 1C8, Canada. .,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Improving vascularization of engineered bone through the generation of pro-angiogenic effects in co-culture systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 94:116-25. [PMID: 25817732 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
One of the major problems with bone tissue engineering is the development of a rapid vascularization after implantation to supply the growing osteoblast cells with the nutrients to grow and survive as well as to remove waste products. It has been demonstrated that capillary-like structures produced in vitro will anastomose rapidly after implantation and become functioning blood vessels. For this reason, in recent years many studies have examined a variety of human osteoblast and endothelial cell co-culture systems in order to distribute osteoblasts on all parts of the bone scaffold and at the same time provide conditions for the endothelial cells to migrate to form a network of capillary-like structures throughout the osteoblast-colonized scaffold. The movement and proliferation of endothelial cells to form capillary-like structures is known as angiogenesis and is dependent on a variety of pro-angiogenic factors. This review summarizes human 2- and 3-D co-culture models to date, the types and origins of cells used in the co-cultures and the proangiogenic factors that have been identified in the co-culture models.
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Proangiogenic cells enhanced persistent and physiologic neovascularization compared with macrophages. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e186. [PMID: 26403262 PMCID: PMC4650932 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Proangiogenic cells (PACs) display surface markers and secrete angiogenic factors similar to those used by myelomonocytic cells, but, unlike myelomonocytic cells, PACs enhance neovascularization activity in experimental ischemic diseases. This study was performed to reveal the differential neovascularization activities of PACs compared with those of myelomonocytic cells. We cultured PACs and CD14(+)-derived macrophages (Macs) for 7 days. Most of the surface markers and cytokines in the two cell types were alike; the exceptions were KDR, β8 integrin, interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Unlike Macs, PACs significantly enhanced mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transmigration. PACs and Macs increased neovascularization activity in an in vitro co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and MSCs and in an in vivo cotransplantation in Matrigel. However, the use of Macs resulted in inappropriately dilated and leaky vessels, whereas the use of PACs did not. We induced critical hindlimb ischemia in nude mice, and then transplanted PACs, Macs or vehicle into the mice. We obtained laser Doppler perfusion images weekly. At 2 weeks, mice treated with PACs showed significantly enhanced perfusion recovery in contrast to those treated with Macs. After day 7, when cells were depleted using a suicidal gene, viral thymidine kinase, to induce apoptosis of the cells in vivo by ganciclovir administration, we found that the improved perfusion was significantly abrogated in the PAC-treated group, whereas perfusion was not changed in the Mac-treated group. PACs caused an increase in healthy new vessels in in vitro and in vivo models of angiogenesis and enhanced long-term functional neovascularization activity in the hindlimb ischemia model, whereas Macs did not. Nevertheless, the angiogenic potential and long-term functional results for a specific cell type should be validated to confirm effectiveness and safety of the cell type for use in therapeutic angiogenesis procedures.
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46
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Uthamaraj S, Tefft BJ, Hlinomaz O, Sandhu GS, Dragomir-Daescu D. Ferromagnetic Bare Metal Stent for Endothelial Cell Capture and Retention. J Vis Exp 2015. [PMID: 26436434 DOI: 10.3791/53100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid endothelialization of cardiovascular stents is needed to reduce stent thrombosis and to avoid anti-platelet therapy which can reduce bleeding risk. The feasibility of using magnetic forces to capture and retain endothelial outgrowth cells (EOC) labeled with super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) has been shown previously. But this technique requires the development of a mechanically functional stent from a magnetic and biocompatible material followed by in-vitro and in-vivo testing to prove rapid endothelialization. We developed a weakly ferromagnetic stent from 2205 duplex stainless steel using computer aided design (CAD) and its design was further refined using finite element analysis (FEA). The final design of the stent exhibited a principal strain below the fracture limit of the material during mechanical crimping and expansion. One hundred stents were manufactured and a subset of them was used for mechanical testing, retained magnetic field measurements, in-vitro cell capture studies, and in-vivo implantation studies. Ten stents were tested for deployment to verify if they sustained crimping and expansion cycle without failure. Another 10 stents were magnetized using a strong neodymium magnet and their retained magnetic field was measured. The stents showed that the retained magnetism was sufficient to capture SPION-labeled EOC in our in-vitro studies. SPION-labeled EOC capture and retention was verified in large animal models by implanting 1 magnetized stent and 1 non-magnetized control stent in each of 4 pigs. The stented arteries were explanted after 7 days and analyzed histologically. The weakly magnetic stents developed in this study were capable of attracting and retaining SPION-labeled endothelial cells which can promote rapid healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ota Hlinomaz
- Department of Cardioangiology, ICRC, St. Anne's University Hospital
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47
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Glynn JJ, Jones CM, Anderson DEJ, Pavcnik D, Hinds MT. In vivo assessment of two endothelialization approaches on bioprosthetic valves for the treatment of chronic deep venous insufficiency. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1610-1621. [PMID: 26316151 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic deep venous insufficiency is a debilitating disease with limited therapeutic interventions. A bioprosthetic venous valve could not only replace a diseased valve, but has the potential to fully integrate into the patient with a minimally invasive procedure. Previous work with valves constructed from small intestinal submucosa (SIS) showed improvements in patients' symptoms in clinical studies; however, substantial thickening of the implanted valve leaflets also occurred. As endothelial cells are key regulators of vascular homeostasis, their presence on the SIS valves may reduce the observed thickening. This work tested an off-the-shelf approach to capture circulating endothelial cells in vivo using biotinylated antikinase insert domain receptor antibodies in a suspended leaflet ovine model. The antibodies on SIS were oriented to promote cell capture and showed positive binding to endothelial cells in vitro; however, no differences were observed in leaflet thickness in vivo between antibody-modified and unmodified SIS. In an alternative approach, valves were pre-seeded with autologous endothelial cells and tested in vivo. Nearly all the implanted pre-seeded valves were patent and functioning; however, no statistical difference was observed in valve thickness with cell pre-seeding. Additional cell capture schemes or surface modifications should be examined to find an optimal method for encouraging SIS valve endothelialization to improve long-term valve function in vivo. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1610-1621, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Glynn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239
| | - Casey M Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239.,Department of Chemistry, Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon, 97219
| | - Deirdre E J Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239
| | - Dusan Pavcnik
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239
| | - Monica T Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239. .,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239. .,Department of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006.
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48
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Combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 for effective harvest of endothelial progenitor cells from peripheral blood and in vitro formation of primitive endothelial networks. Cell Tissue Bank 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-015-9527-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Markeson D, Pleat JM, Sharpe JR, Harris AL, Seifalian AM, Watt SM. Scarring, stem cells, scaffolds and skin repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 9:649-68. [PMID: 24668923 DOI: 10.1002/term.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of full thickness skin loss, which can be extensive in the case of large burns, continues to represent a challenging clinical entity. This is due to an on-going inability to produce a suitable tissue engineered substrate that can satisfactorily replicate the epidermal and dermal in vivo niches to fulfil both aesthetic and functional demands. The current gold standard treatment of autologous skin grafting is inadequate because of poor textural durability, scarring and associated contracture, and because of a paucity of donor sites in larger burns. Tissue engineering has seen exponential growth in recent years with a number of 'off-the-shelf' dermal and epidermal substitutes now available. Each has its own limitations. In this review, we examine normal wound repair in relation to stem/progenitor cells that are intimately involved in this process within the dermal niche. Endothelial precursors, in particular, are examined closely and their phenotype, morphology and enrichment from multiple sources are described in an attempt to provide some clarity regarding the controversy surrounding their classification and role in vasculogenesis. We also review the role of the next generation of cellularized scaffolds and smart biomaterials that attempt to improve the revascularisation of artificial grafts, the rate of wound healing and the final cosmetic and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Markeson
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- University College London Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jonathon M Pleat
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Justin R Sharpe
- Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- University College London Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Suzanne M Watt
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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50
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Endothelial progenitor cells in tumor angiogenesis: another brick in the wall. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:832649. [PMID: 26000021 PMCID: PMC4427119 DOI: 10.1155/2015/832649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Until 15 years ago, vasculogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from undifferentiated cells, was thought to occur only during embryonic development. The discovery of circulating cells that are able to promote vascular regeneration and repair—the so-called endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)—changed that, and EPCs have since been studied extensively. It is already known that EPCs include many subtypes of cells that play a variety of roles in promoting vascular growth. Some EPCs are destined to differentiate into endothelial cells, whereas others are capable of promoting and sustaining angiogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis might constitute complementary mechanisms for postnatal neovascularization, and EPCs could be at the core of this process. Although the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vasculature plays a beneficial role in many physiological processes, such as wound healing, it also contributes to tumor growth and metastasis. However, many aspects of the role played by EPCs in tumor angiogenesis remain unclear. This review aims to address the main aspects of EPCs differentiation and certain characteristics of their main function, especially in tumor angiogenesis, as well as the potential clinical applications.
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