1
|
Han M, Wang S, Zhou X, Zhang P, Han Z, Chen Y, Cai H, Wu L, Huang X, Wang L, Chen Y. Baicalin alleviates bleomycin-induced early pulmonary fibrosis in mice via the mitoKATP signaling pathway. Toxicology 2023; 497-498:153638. [PMID: 37783230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM), a frequently employed chemotherapeutic agent, exhibits restricted clinical utility owing to its pulmonary toxicity. Meanwhile, baicalin (BA)-an active ingredient extracted from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi -has been shown to alleviate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Hence, the objective of this study was to examine the protective effects of BA in the context of BLM-induced early PF in mice and elucidate the underlying mechanism(s). We established an in vivo BLM (3.5 mg/kg)-induced PF murine model and in vitro BLM (35 μM)-damaged MLE-12 cell model. On Day 14 of treatment, the levels of fibrosis and apoptosis were evaluated in mouse lungs via hydroxyproline analysis, western blotting (COL1A1, TGF-β, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3), and Masson, immunohistochemical (α-SMA, AIF, Cyto C), and TUNEL staining. Additionally, in vitro, apoptosis was assessed in MLE-12 cells exposed to BLM for 24 h using the Annexin V/PI assay and western blotting (Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, AIF, Cyto C). To elucidate the role of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) in the protective effect of BA, we utilised diazoxide (DZX)-a mitoKATP agonist-and 5-hydroxydecanoate sodium (5-HD)-a mitoKATP inhibitor. Results revealed the involvement of mitoKATP in the protective effect of BA in BLM-induced PF. More specifically, mitoKATP activation can attenuate BLM-induced PF progression and mitigate alveolar epithelial type II cell death by reducing mitochondrial ROS, maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential, and impeding the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Collectively, the findings offer pharmacological support to use BA for the treatment or prevention of BLM-induced PF and suggest that mitoKATP might serve as an effective therapeutic target for this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Han
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shayan Wang
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xuehua Zhou
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- The Respiratory Division, Ruian People's Hospital, Zhejiang 325200, China
| | - Zhengyuan Han
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Haijian Cai
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Liangxing Wang
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Yanfan Chen
- The Respiratory Division, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Strutynskyi RB, Strutynska NA, Piven OO, Mys LA, Goshovska YV, Fedichkina RA, Okhai IY, Strutynskyi VR, Dosenko VE, Dobrzyn P, Sagach VF. Upregulation of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels as the Potential Mechanism of Cardioprotection and Vasorelaxation Under the Action of Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate in Old Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2023; 28:10742484231213175. [PMID: 37946524 DOI: 10.1177/10742484231213175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aging process is accompanied by the weakening of the protective systems of the organism, in particular by the decrease in the expression of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and in the synthesis of H2S. The aim of our work was to investigate the role of KATP channels in the cardioprotection induced by pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) in aging. Methods: Experiments were performed on adult and old (aged 24 months) male Wistar rats, which were divided into 3 groups: adults, old, and old PLP-treated rats. PLP was administered orally once a day for 14 days at a dose of 0.7 mg/kg. The levels of mRNA expression of subunits KATP channels were determined by reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Protein expression levels were determined by the Western blot. Cardiac tissue morphology was determined using transverse 6 μm deparaffinized sections stained with picrosirius red staining. Vasorelaxation responses of isolated aortic rings and the function of Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts during ischemia-reperfusion, H2S levels, and markers of oxidative stress were also studied. Results: Administration of PLP to old rats reduces cardiac fibrosis and improves cardiac function during ischemia-reperfusion and vasorelaxation responses to KATP channels opening. At the same time, there was a significant increase in mRNA and protein expression of SUR2 and Kir6.1 subunits of KATP channels, H2S production, and reduced markers of oxidative stress. The specific KATP channel inhibitor-glibenclamide prevented the enhancement of vasodilator responses and anti-ischemic protection in PLP-treated animals. Conclusions: We suggest that this potential therapeutic effect of PLP in old animals may be a result of increased expression of KATP channels and H2S production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan B Strutynskyi
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliіa A Strutynska
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana O Piven
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry of Nencki, Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lidiia A Mys
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yulia V Goshovska
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Raisa A Fedichkina
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Y Okhai
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav R Strutynskyi
- Department of Immunophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor E Dosenko
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry of Nencki, Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vadim F Sagach
- Department of Blood Circulation, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balci CN, Firat T, Acar N, Kukner A. Carvacrol treatment opens Kir6.2 ATP-dependent potassium channels and prevents apoptosis on rat testis following ischemia-reperfusion injury model. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2021; 62:179-190. [PMID: 34609420 PMCID: PMC8597367 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.62.1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological problem that causes subfertility and testicular damage in males. Testis torsion and detorsion lead to ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury in the testis. Testicular IR injury causes the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress (OS) and germ cell-specific apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Carvacrol has a protective effect on testicular IR injury and its effects on Kir6.2 channels, which is a member of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent potassium channels. In the study, 2–4 months old 36 albino Wistar rats were used. For experimental testicular IR model, the left testis was rotated counterclockwise at 720° for two hours, and after two hours following torsion, detorsion was performed. Carvacrol was dissolved in 5% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) at a dose of 73 mg/kg and half an hour before detorsion, 0.2 mL was administered intraperitoneally. In testicular tissues, caspase 3 and Kir6.2 immunoexpressions were examined. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and testosterone levels were measured. Apoptotic cells and serum MDA levels were significantly decreased and Kir6.2 activation was significantly increased in Carvacrol-administrated IR group. As a result of our study, Carvacrol may activates Kir6.2 channels and inhibits apoptosis and may have a protective effect on testicular IR injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Nur Balci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey;
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Piñeiro-Ramos JD, Rahkonen O, Korpioja V, Quintás G, Pihkala J, Pitkänen-Argillander O, Rautiainen P, Andersson S, Kuligowski J, Vento M. A Reductive Metabolic Switch Protects Infants with Transposition of Great Arteries Undergoing Atrial Septostomy against Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101502. [PMID: 34679637 PMCID: PMC8532647 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart diseases requiring neonatal surgical intervention. Parallel circulations that result in impaired cerebral oxygen delivery already in utero may lead to brain damage and long-term neurodevelopmental delay. Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is often employed to mix deoxygenated and oxygenated blood at the atrial level. However, BAS causes a sudden increase in arterial blood oxygenation and oxidative stress. We studied changes in oxygen saturation as well as metabolic profiles of plasma samples from nine newborn infants suffering from TGA before and until 48 h after undergoing BAS. The plasma metabolome clearly changed over time and alterations of four metabolic pathways, including the pentose phosphate pathway, were linked to changes in the cerebral tissue oxygen extraction. In contrast, no changes in levels of lipid peroxidation biomarkers over time were observed. These observations suggest that metabolic adaptations buffer the free radical burst triggered by re-oxygenation, thereby avoiding structural damage at the macromolecular level. This study enhances our understanding of the complex response of infants with TGA to changes in oxygenation induced by BAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José David Piñeiro-Ramos
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Otto Rahkonen
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Box 347, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029, Helsinki, HUS, Finland; (O.R.); (J.P.); (O.P.-A.)
| | - Virpi Korpioja
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 23, FIN-90029 OYS, 90570 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Guillermo Quintás
- Health & Biomedicine Unit, Leitat Technological Center, Par Cientific Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida, Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaana Pihkala
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Box 347, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029, Helsinki, HUS, Finland; (O.R.); (J.P.); (O.P.-A.)
| | - Olli Pitkänen-Argillander
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Box 347, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029, Helsinki, HUS, Finland; (O.R.); (J.P.); (O.P.-A.)
| | - Paula Rautiainen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Stenbackinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Sture Andersson
- Pediatric Research Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Stenbackinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (M.V.); Tel.: +34-96-1246661 (J.K.); +34-96-1246603 (M.V.)
| | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (M.V.); Tel.: +34-96-1246661 (J.K.); +34-96-1246603 (M.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive K+ Channel Opening Increased the Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Activating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Asthma. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:8899878. [PMID: 34336047 PMCID: PMC8289566 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8899878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) leads to airway remodeling and the development of asthma. This study aimed to assess whether mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (mitoKATP) channels regulated the proliferation of ASMCs by regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway in asthmatic rats. Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were immunized with ovalbumin-containing alum to establish the asthma models. The ASMCs were isolated and identified by phase-contrast microscopic images and immunohistochemical staining for α-smooth muscle actin. The ASMCs were treated with a potent activator of mitoKATP, diazoxide, or an inhibitor of mitoKATP, 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). Rhodamine-123 (R-123) was used for detecting the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). The proliferation of ASMCs was examined by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The protein and mRNA expressions of AKT and p-AKT were detected using western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that diazoxide enhanced the mitoKATP channel opening in ASMCs in the rat model of asthma, while 5-HD impeded it. Diazoxide also increased ASMC proliferation in the rat model of asthma, whereas 5-HD alleviated it. However, LY294002, a PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor, reversed the functional roles of diazoxide in the proliferation ability of ASMCs in the rat model of asthma. Furthermore, treatment with diazoxide induced the phosphorylation of AKT, and treatment with 5-HD decreased the phosphorylation of AKT in ASMCs in the rat model of asthma. In conclusion, the mitoKATP channel opening increased the proliferation of ASMCs by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a rat model of asthma.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nógrádi B, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Kozma M, Molnár K, Patai R, Siklós L, Wilhelm I, Krizbai IA. Upregulation of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-, LRR- and Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3 in Motoneurons Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:584184. [PMID: 33328988 PMCID: PMC7732612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal injuries are accompanied by release and accumulation of damage-associated molecules, which in turn may contribute to activation of the immune system. Since a wide range of danger signals (including endogenous ones) are detected by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pattern recognition receptor, we hypothesized that NLRP3 may become activated in response to motor neuron injury. Here we show that peripheral injury of the oculomotor and the hypoglossal nerves results in upregulation of NLRP3 in corresponding motor nuclei in the brainstem of mice. Although basal expression of NLRP3 was observed in microglia, astroglia and neurons as well, its upregulation and co-localization with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain, suggesting inflammasome activation, was only detected in neurons. Consequently, increased production of active pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 were detected after hypoglossal nerve axotomy. Injury-sensitive hypoglossal neurons responded with a more pronounced NLRP3 upregulation than injury-resistant motor neurons of the oculomotor nucleus. We further demonstrated that the mitochondrial protector diazoxide was able to reduce NLRP3 upregulation in a post-operative treatment paradigm. Our results indicate that NLRP3 is activated in motoneurons following acute nerve injury. Blockade of NLRP3 activation might contribute to the previously observed anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of diazoxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernát Nógrádi
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Foundation for the Future of Biomedical Sciences in Szeged, Szeged Scientists Academy, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging/Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Mihály Kozma
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kinga Molnár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roland Patai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Siklós
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - István A Krizbai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kelly SP, Dawson-Scully K. Natural polymorphism in protein kinase G modulates functional senescence in D rosophila melanogaster. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.199364. [PMID: 30910834 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.199364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a well-characterized model for neurological disorders and is widely used to investigate the biology of aging, stress tolerance and pleiotropy. The foraging (for) gene encodes a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), which has been implicated in several behavioral phenotypes including feeding, sleep, learning and memory, and environmental stress tolerance. We used the well-established Drosophila activity monitor (DAM) to investigate the effects of the conserved NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway on functional senescence. Our results show that the polymorphic for gene confers protection during low oxygen stress at the expense of longevity and a decline in locomotor activity with age in D. melanogaster, which suggests a novel role for the PKG pathway in healthy aging and senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P Kelly
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Ken Dawson-Scully
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang WC, Wang Q, Chi LT, Wang YZ, Cao HL, Li WZ. Therapeutic hypercapnia reduces blood-brain barrier damage possibly via protein kinase Cε in rats with lateral fluid percussion injury. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:36. [PMID: 30760300 PMCID: PMC6375143 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated whether therapeutic hypercapnia (TH) ameliorated blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage and improved the neurologic outcome in a rat model of lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI), and explored the possible underlying mechanism. Methods Rats underwent lateral FPI and received inhalation of 30%O2–70%N2 or 30%O2–N2 plus CO2 to maintain arterial blood CO2 tension (PaCO2) between 80 and 100 mmHg for 3 h. To further explore the possible mechanisms for the protective effects of TH, a PKC inhibitor staurosporine or PKCαβ inhibitor GÖ6976 was administered via intracerebral ventricular injection. Results TH significantly improved neurological function 24 h, 48 h, 7 d, and 14 d after FPI. The wet/dry ratio, computed tomography values, Evans blue content, and histological lesion volume were significantly reduced by TH. Moreover, numbers of survived neurons and the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5) were significantly elevated after TH treatment at 48-h post-FPI. TH significantly increased the expression of protein kinase Cε (PKCε) at 48-h post-FPI, but did not significantly change the expression of PKCα and PKCβII. PKC inhibitor staurosporine (but not the selective PKCαβ inhibitor-GÖ6976) inhibited the protective effect of TH. Conclusions Therapeutic hypercapnia is a promising candidate that should be further evaluated for clinical treatment. It not only protects the traumatic penumbra from secondary injury and improves histological structure but also maintains the integrity of BBB and reduces neurologic deficits after trauma in a rat model of FPI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lai-Ting Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue-Zhen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Ling Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. .,Anesthesiology Key Laboratory, Education Department, Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Unel CC, Erol K. The Role of Ionic Homeostasis in Cisplatin-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Preliminary Study. Eurasian J Med 2018; 50:81-85. [PMID: 30002572 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ionic homeostasis in cisplatin (cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (II), CDDP)-induced neurotoxicity. CDDP is a severely neurotoxic antineoplastic agent that causes neuronal excitotoxicity. According to some studies, calcium influx increases, whereas potassium efflux decreases neuronal death. Nimodipine and glibenclamide were used to analyze the role of ionic flows in CDDP-induced neurotoxicity in rat primary cerebellar granule cell (CGC) culture. Materials and Methods CGC culture was prepared from the cerebella of Sprague Dawley 5-day-old pups. The submaximal concentration of CDDP was determined and then given with 1, 10, or 50 µM of drugs into culture. Neurotoxicity was investigated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay. One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Tukey test were applied for statistical analysis. Results CDDP induced neurotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. Neither nimodipine nor glibenclamide was able to protect CGCs against CDDP neurotoxicity. Conclusion By blocking L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, nimodipine did not prevent CDDP neurotoxicity in CGCs. Ca2+ influx via these channels seemed to be insufficient to cause a change in CDDP-induced neurotoxicity. Similarly, glibenclamide failed to prevent CDDP neurotoxicity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of these preliminary results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Cengelli Unel
- Department of Pharmacology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kevser Erol
- Department of Pharmacology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pinto A, Bonucci A, Maggi E, Corsi M, Businaro R. Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ketogenic Diet: New Perspectives for Neuroprotection in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E63. [PMID: 29710809 PMCID: PMC5981249 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet, originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy in non-responder children, is spreading to be used in the treatment of many diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. The main activity of the ketogenic diet has been related to improved mitochondrial function and decreased oxidative stress. B-Hydroxybutyrate, the most studied ketone body, has been shown to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), improving mitochondrial respiration: it stimulates the cellular endogenous antioxidant system with the activation of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), it modulates the ratio between the oxidized and reduced forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺/NADH) and it increases the efficiency of electron transport chain through the expression of uncoupling proteins. Furthermore, the ketogenic diet performs anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) activation and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as well as inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs), improving memory encoding. The underlying mechanisms and the perspectives for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pinto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alessio Bonucci
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
| | - Elisa Maggi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Corsi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
| | - Rita Businaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu H, Ding Y, Wang Y, Geng S, Liu J, He J, Lu Y, Li X, Yuan M, Zhu S, Zhao S. MitoK ATP channels promote the proliferation of hypoxic human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via the ROS/HIF/miR-210/ISCU signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6105-6112. [PMID: 29285165 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous results have indicated that mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels are associated with the hypoxic proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the mechanism underlying the promotive effects of mitoKATP channels on cell proliferation in response to hypoxia remains unknown. mitoKATP channel opening results in a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). As hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a critical oxygen sensor and major transcriptional regulator of the hypoxic adaptive response, the current study assessed whether mitoKATP opening contributes to the chronic proliferation of human PASMCs (hPASMCs) in collaboration with HIF-1α and its downstream targets under hypoxic conditions. The present study demonstrated that there was crosstalk between mitoKATP channels and HIF-1α signaling in PASMCs under hypoxic conditions. The results suggest that mitoKATP channels are involved in the proliferation of PASMCs during hypoxia through upregulation of the ROS/HIF/microRNA-210/iron-sulfur cluster protein signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jinrong He
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ravindran S, Murali J, Amirthalingam SK, Gopalakrishnan S, Kurian GA. Vascular calcification abrogates the nicorandil mediated cardio-protection in ischemia reperfusion injury of rat heart. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 89:31-38. [PMID: 28087358 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to determine the efficacy of nicorandil in treating cardiac reperfusion injury with an underlying co-morbidity of vascular calcification (VC). Adenine diet was used to induce VC in Wistar rat and the heart was isolated to induce global ischemia reperfusion (IR) by Langendorff method, with and without the nicorandil (7.5mg/kg) pre-treatment and compared with those fed on normal diet. The adenine-treated rats displayed abnormal ECG changes and altered mitochondrial integrity compared to a normal rat heart. These hearts, when subjected to IR increased the infarct size, cardiac injury (measured by lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activity in the coronary perfusate) and significantly altered the hemodynamics compared to the normal perfused heart. Nicorandil pretreatment in rat fed on normal diet enhanced the hemodynamics significantly (P<0.05) along with a substantial reduction in the mitochondrial dysfunction (measured by high ADP to oxygen consumption ratio, respiratory control ratio, enzyme activities and less swelling behavior) when subjected to IR. However, this cardio-protective effect of nicorandil was absent in rat heart with underlying calcification. Our results suggest that, the protective effect of nicorandil, a known mitochondrial ATP linked K+ channel opener, against myocardial reperfusion injury was confined to normal rat heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Ravindran
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Jeyashri Murali
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | | | | | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vidale S, Consoli A, Arnaboldi M, Consoli D. Postischemic Inflammation in Acute Stroke. J Clin Neurol 2017; 13:1-9. [PMID: 28079313 PMCID: PMC5242162 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2017.13.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is caused by arterial occlusion due to a thrombus or an embolus. Such occlusion induces multiple and concomitant pathophysiological processes that involve bioenergetic failure, acidosis, loss of cell homeostasis, excitotoxicity, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. All of these mechanisms contribute to neuronal death, mainly via apoptosis or necrosis. The immune system is involved in this process in the early phases after brain injury, which contributes to potential enlargement of the infarct size and involves the penumbra area. Whereas inflammation and the immune system both exert deleterious effects, they also contribute to brain protection by stimulating a preconditioning status and to the concomitant repair of the injured parenchyma. This review describes the main phases of the inflammatory process occurring after arterial cerebral occlusion, with an emphasis on the role of single mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Vidale
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Como, Italy.
| | - Arturo Consoli
- Department of Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Arnaboldi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Domenico Consoli
- Department of Neurology, G. Jazzolino Hospital, Vibo Valentia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao EY, Efendizade A, Cai L, Ding Y. The role of Akt (protein kinase B) and protein kinase C in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Neurol Res 2016; 38:301-8. [PMID: 27092987 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2015.1133024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and death in the United States. Currently, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), is the only Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke. However, the use of tPA is restricted to a small subset of acute stroke patients due to its limited 3-h therapeutic time window. Given the limited therapeutic options at present and the multi-factorial progression of ischemic stroke, emphasis has been placed on the discovery and use of combination therapies aimed at various molecular targets contributing to ischemic cell death. Protein kinase C (PKC) and Akt (protein kinase B) are serine/threonine kinases that play a critical role in mediating ischemic-reperfusion injury and cellular growth and survival, respectively. The present review will examine the role of PKC and Akt in the cellular response to ischemic-reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Y Zhao
- a Departmentof Neurosurgery , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI 48201 , USA
| | - Aslan Efendizade
- b Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine , East Lansing , MI 48825 , USA
| | - Lipeng Cai
- c Department of Neurology , China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- a Departmentof Neurosurgery , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI 48201 , USA.,c Department of Neurology , China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effects of diazoxide on Aβ1-42-induced expression of the NR2B subunit in cultured cholinergic neurons. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:8301-5. [PMID: 26496862 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is significant in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Several previous studies indicate that the NR2B‑containing N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate receptors are critically involved in the Aβ mediated disruption of neuronal function. Diazoxide (DZ), a highly selective drug capable of opening mitochondrial ATP‑sensitive potassium channels, has neuroprotective effects against neuronal cell death. However, the mechanism by which DZ protects cholinergic neurons against Aβ‑induced cytotoxicity remains to be elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DZ pretreatment against Aβ1‑42‑induced expression of NR2B in order to gain novel insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms. Following exposure to Aβ1‑42 for 24 h, the expression of the NR2B subunit remained unchanged compared with the control group. However, a significant increase in the expression of the NR2B subunit was observed following treatment with Aβ1‑42 for 72 h (P<0.05); and the upregulation of the expression of the NR2B subunit was reversed by pretreatment with DZ (P<0.05). These results suggested that DZ may counteract Aβ1‑42‑mediated cytotoxicity by alleviating the expression of NR2B.
Collapse
|
16
|
The interplay between metabolic homeostasis and neurodegeneration: insights into the neurometabolic nature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CELL REGENERATION 2015; 4:5. [PMID: 26322226 PMCID: PMC4551561 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-015-0019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the selective degeneration of upper motor neurons and lower spinal motor neurons, resulting in the progressive paralysis of all voluntary muscles. Approximately 10 % of ALS cases are linked to known genetic mutations, with the remaining 90 % of cases being sporadic. While the primary pathology in ALS is the selective death of upper and lower motor neurons, numerous studies indicate that an imbalance in whole body and/or cellular metabolism influences the rate of progression of disease. This review summarizes current research surrounding the impact of impaired metabolic physiology in ALS. We extend ideas to consider prospects that lie ahead in terms of how metabolic alterations may impact the selective degeneration of neurons in ALS and how targeting of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels may represent a promising approach for obtaining neuroprotection in ALS.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim DY, Abdelwahab MG, Lee SH, O’Neill D, Thompson RJ, Duff HJ, Sullivan PG, Rho JM. Ketones prevent oxidative impairment of hippocampal synaptic integrity through KATP channels. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119316. [PMID: 25848768 PMCID: PMC4388385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary and metabolic therapies are increasingly being considered for a variety of neurological disorders, based in part on growing evidence for the neuroprotective properties of the ketogenic diet (KD) and ketones. Earlier, we demonstrated that ketones afford hippocampal synaptic protection against exogenous oxidative stress, but the mechanisms underlying these actions remain unclear. Recent studies have shown that ketones may modulate neuronal firing through interactions with ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. Here, we used a combination of electrophysiological, pharmacological, and biochemical assays to determine whether hippocampal synaptic protection by ketones is a consequence of KATP channel activation. Ketones dose-dependently reversed oxidative impairment of hippocampal synaptic integrity, neuronal viability, and bioenergetic capacity, and this action was mirrored by the KATP channel activator diazoxide. Inhibition of KATP channels reversed ketone-evoked hippocampal protection, and genetic ablation of the inwardly rectifying K+ channel subunit Kir6.2, a critical component of KATP channels, partially negated the synaptic protection afforded by ketones. This partial protection was completely reversed by co-application of the KATP blocker, 5-hydoxydecanoate (5HD). We conclude that, under conditions of oxidative injury, ketones induce synaptic protection in part through activation of KATP channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Kim
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital & Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohammed G. Abdelwahab
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital & Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Soo Han Lee
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital & Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Derek O’Neill
- Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital & Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Roger J. Thompson
- Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Henry J. Duff
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick G. Sullivan
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jong M. Rho
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang SS, Zheng MX, Xu HC, Cui XZ, Zhang Y, Zhao WL, Bai R. The effect of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels on apoptosis of chick embryo cecal cells by Eimeria tenella. Res Vet Sci 2015; 99:188-95. [PMID: 25744434 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels on apoptosis induced by Eimeria tenella. At 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after Eimeria tenella infection, TUNEL assays and translation of phosphatidyl serines to the host cell plasma membrane surface showed that diazoxide-treated chick embryo cecal cells underwent less apoptosis (P <0.05), while light microscopy showed that infection rates of treated cells were higher (P <0.01) than untreated cells. Caspase 9 and caspase 3 of infected cells were activated less (P <0.01) in diazoxide-treated cells than untreated cells. These results indicate that opening mitoKATP channels can protect chick embryo cecal cells from mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by Eimeria tenella by inhibiting activations of caspase 9 and caspase 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha-sha Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Ming-xue Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
| | - Huan-cheng Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Xiao-zhen Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wen-long Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Rui Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang L, Li B, Tang S, Guo H, Li W, Huang X, Yan W, Zou F. Mitochondrial KATP Channels Control Glioma Radioresistance by Regulating ROS-Induced ERK Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:626-37. [PMID: 25249341 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8888-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most prevalent form of malignant brain tumor. Although radiotherapy is widely used in glioma treatment, the radioresistance of glioma cells limits the success of the glioma treatment. The lack of effective targets and signaling pathways to reverse glioma radioresistance is the critical obstacle in successful treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mtK(ATP) channels) are overexpressed in glioma cells and are closely related to the malignancy grade and the overall survival of the patients. Importantly, we showed that mtK(ATP) channels could control glioma radioresistance by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ERK activation. The inhibition of mtK(ATP) channels suppresses glioma radioresistance by inhibiting ERK activation both in vitro and in vivo. These findings reveal the important roles of the mitochondria and mtK(ATP) channels as key regulators in the radioresistance of glioma cells, and suggest that mtK(ATP) channel blockers and MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitors are potential targets for drug development of glioma treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianyan Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kong M, Ba M, Liang H, Shao P, Yu T, Wang Y. Regulation of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels suppresses the toxic effects of amyloid-beta peptide (25-35). Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:56-63. [PMID: 25206372 PMCID: PMC4107498 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we treated PC12 cells with 0-20 μM amyloid-β peptide (25-35) for 24 hours to induce cytotoxicity, and found that 5-20 μM amyloid-β peptide (25-35) decreased PC12 cell viability, but adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel activator diazoxide suppressed the decrease in PC12 cell viability induced by amyloid-β peptide (25-35). Diazoxide protected PC12 cells against amyloid-β peptide (25-35)-induced increases in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. These protective effects were reversed by the selective mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate. An inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine, also protected PC12 cells from amyloid-β peptide (25-35)-induced increases in both mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. However, the H2O2-degrading enzyme catalase could not reverse the amyloid-β peptide (25-35)-induced increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species. A 24-hour exposure to amyloid-β peptide (25-35) did not result in apoptosis or necrosis, suggesting that the increases in both mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels preceded cell death. The data suggest that amyloid-β peptide (25-35) cytotoxicity is associated with adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels and nitric oxide. Regulation of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels suppresses PC12 cell cytotoxicity induced by amyloid-β peptide (25-35).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kong
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Maowen Ba
- Department of Neurology, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Shao
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianxia Yu
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang JK, Wu HF, Zhou H, Yang B, Liu XZ. Postconditioning with sevoflurane protects against focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury involving mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel and mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Neurol Res 2014; 37:77-83. [PMID: 24965894 DOI: 10.1179/1743132814y.0000000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postconditioning with sevoflurane has been shown to protect against focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) play roles in the neuroprotection of postconditioning with sevoflurane. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MCAO for 90 minutes and then treated with sevoflurane at the beginning of reperfusion. The infarct volume, neurological deficit score, and brain edema were evaluated at 24 hours. Apoptosis were studied by TUNEL. The neuroprotective effect with or without 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD), a selective mitoKATP channel blocker or atractyloside (ATR), and an mPTP opener were analyzed. RESULTS Postconditioning with sevoflurane significantly decreased neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, and brain edema and also reduced apoptotic cells. 5-HD and ATR abolished the neuroprotective effect, respectively. 5-HD or ATR alone had no effect on ischemia and reperfusion injury. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that mitoKATP and mPTP play crucial roles in the neuroprotection of postconditioning with sevoflurane.
Collapse
|
22
|
Fu Q, Gao N, Yu J, Ma G, Du Y, Wang F, Su Q, Che F. Diazoxide pretreatment prevents Aβ1-42 induced oxidative stress in cholinergic neurons via alleviating NOX2 expression. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:1313-21. [PMID: 24771316 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ is known to increase free radical production in neuronal cells, leading to oxidative stress and cell death. Diazoxide (DZ), a highly selective drug capable of opening mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels, has neuroprotective effects against neuronal cell death. However, the mechanism through which DZ protects cholinergic neurons against Aβ-induced oxidative injury is still unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DZ pretreatment against Aβ1-42 induced oxidative damage and cytotoxicity. Through measures of DZ effects on Aβ1-42 induced cellular damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA generation and expressions of gp91phox and p47phox in cholinergic neurons, new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms can be derived. Aβ1-42 significantly decreased 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide levels and increased ROS and MDA production; all effects were attenuated by pretreatment with DZ or diphenyleneiodonium chloride (a NOX2 inhibitor). Pretreatment with DZ also attenuated the upregulation of NOX2 subunits (gp91phox and p47phox) induced by Aβ1-42. Since NOX2 is one of the main sources of free radicals, these results suggest that DZ can counteract Aβ1-42 induced oxidative stress and associated cell death by reducing the level of ROS and MDA, in part, by alleviating NOX2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Fu
- Department of Neurology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mishra MK, Beaty CA, Lesniak WG, Kambhampati SP, Zhang F, Wilson MA, Blue ME, Troncoso JC, Kannan S, Johnston MV, Baumgartner WA, Kannan RM. Dendrimer brain uptake and targeted therapy for brain injury in a large animal model of hypothermic circulatory arrest. ACS NANO 2014; 8:2134-47. [PMID: 24499315 PMCID: PMC4004292 DOI: 10.1021/nn404872e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of brain injury following circulatory arrest is a challenging health issue with no viable therapeutic options. Based on studies in a clinically relevant large animal (canine) model of hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA)-induced brain injury, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity have been identified as key players in mediating the brain injury after HCA. Therapy with large doses of valproic acid (VPA) showed some neuroprotection but was associated with adverse side effects. For the first time in a large animal model, we explored whether systemically administered polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers could be effective in reaching target cells in the brain and deliver therapeutics. We showed that, upon systemic administration, hydroxyl-terminated PAMAM dendrimers are taken up in the brain of injured animals and selectively localize in the injured neurons and microglia in the brain. The biodistribution in other major organs was similar to that seen in small animal models. We studied systemic dendrimer-drug combination therapy with two clinically approved drugs, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (attenuating neuroinflammation) and valproic acid (attenuating excitotoxicity), building on positive outcomes in a rabbit model of perinatal brain injury. We prepared and characterized dendrimer-NAC (D-NAC) and dendrimer-VPA (D-VPA) conjugates in multigram quantities. A glutathione-sensitive linker to enable for fast intracellular release. In preliminary efficacy studies, combination therapy with D-NAC and D-VPA showed promise in this large animal model, producing 24 h neurological deficit score improvements comparable to high dose combination therapy with VPA and NAC, or free VPA, but at one-tenth the dose, while significantly reducing the adverse side effects. Since adverse side effects of drugs are exaggerated in HCA, the reduced side effects with dendrimer conjugates and suggestions of neuroprotection offer promise for these nanoscale drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K. Mishra
- Center for Nanomedicine/Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Claude A. Beaty
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Wojciech G. Lesniak
- Center for Nanomedicine/Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Siva P. Kambhampati
- Center for Nanomedicine/Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine/Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Mary A. Wilson
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Mary E. Blue
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Juan C. Troncoso
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Michael V. Johnston
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - William A. Baumgartner
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Neurology, and Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Address correspondence to ,
| | - Rangaramanujam M. Kannan
- Center for Nanomedicine/Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Address correspondence to ,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mele A, Calzolaro S, Cannone G, Cetrone M, Conte D, Tricarico D. Database search of spontaneous reports and pharmacological investigations on the sulfonylureas and glinides-induced atrophy in skeletal muscle. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00028. [PMID: 25505577 PMCID: PMC4186404 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channel is an emerging pathway in the skeletal muscle atrophy which is a comorbidity condition in diabetes. The "in vitro" effects of the sulfonylureas and glinides were evaluated on the protein content/muscle weight, fibers viability, mitochondrial succinic dehydrogenases (SDH) activity, and channel currents in oxidative soleus (SOL), glycolitic/oxidative flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), and glycolitic extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle fibers of mice using biochemical and cell-counting Kit-8 assay, image analysis, and patch-clamp techniques. The sulfonylureas were: tolbutamide, glibenclamide, and glimepiride; the glinides were: repaglinide and nateglinide. Food and Drug Administration-Adverse Effects Reporting System (FDA-AERS) database searching of atrophy-related signals associated with the use of these drugs in humans has been performed. The drugs after 24 h of incubation time reduced the protein content/muscle weight and fibers viability more effectively in FDB and SOL than in the EDL. The order of efficacy of the drugs in reducing the protein content in FDB was: repaglinide (EC50 = 5.21 × 10(-6)) ≥ glibenclamide(EC50 = 8.84 × 10(-6)) > glimepiride(EC50 = 2.93 × 10(-5)) > tolbutamide(EC50 = 1.07 × 10(-4)) > nateglinide(EC50 = 1.61 × 10(-4)) and it was: repaglinide(7.15 × 10(-5)) ≥ glibenclamide(EC50 = 9.10 × 10(-5)) > nateglinide(EC50 = 1.80 × 10(-4)) ≥ tolbutamide(EC50 = 2.19 × 10(-4)) > glimepiride(EC50=-) in SOL. The drug-induced atrophy can be explained by the KATP channel block and by the enhancement of the mitochondrial SDH activity. In an 8-month period, muscle atrophy was found in 0.27% of the glibenclamide reports in humans and in 0.022% of the other not sulfonylureas and glinides drugs. No reports of atrophy were found for the other sulfonylureas and glinides in the FDA-AERS. Glibenclamide induces atrophy in animal experiments and in human patients. Glimepiride shows less potential for inducing atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Mele
- Departments of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Bari, Italy
| | - Sara Calzolaro
- Departments of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Cannone
- Departments of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Bari, Italy
| | - Michela Cetrone
- Departments of Pharmacovigilance, University-Hospital Policlinico, Ministry of Health Bari, Italy
| | - Diana Conte
- Departments of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Bari, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dong L, Li Y, Hu H, Shi L, Chen J, Wang B, Chen C, Zhu H, Li Y, Li Q, Zhang L, Chen C. Potential therapeutic targets for hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery hypertension. J Transl Med 2014; 12:39. [PMID: 24507703 PMCID: PMC3946029 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxic pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) as a severe pulmonary disease is characterized by changes of pulmonary vascular reconstruction. Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) was considered as one of factors responsible for the proliferation of hypoxic pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Pulmonary artery hypertension was induced in rats with or without 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). The mean pulmonary artery pressure, morphologic changes, mRNA and protein expressions of voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv1.5 channel), were measured. The concentrations of monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) were detected. Furthermore, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated and cultured with or without hypoxia pretreated with or without 5-HD or/and Kv1.5 inhibitor 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and the proliferation of PASMCs were detected. Results 5-HD significantly prevented the development of PAH by blocking the mitochondrial membrane depolarization, increased the expression of voltage-gated potassium channels, and reduced pulmonary hypertension mediated by TGF-β1 or MCP-1 signaling pathway. Conclusion The MitoKATP plays an important role in the development of PAH and may be therapeutic target for the treatment of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chengshui Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ioroi T, Akao M, Iguchi M, Kato M, Kimura T, Izumi Y, Akaike A, Kume T. Serofendic Acid Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 126:274-80. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.14139fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
27
|
K(ATP) channel opener diazoxide prevents neurodegeneration: a new mechanism of action via antioxidative pathway activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75189. [PMID: 24040400 PMCID: PMC3770693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological modulation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels has become a promising new therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases due to their role in mitochondrial and cellular protection. For instance, diazoxide, a well-known ATP-sensitive potassium channel activator with high affinity for mitochondrial component of the channel has been proved to be effective in animal models for different diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke or multiple sclerosis. Here, we analyzed the ability of diazoxide for protecting neurons front different neurotoxic insults in vitro and ex vivo. Results showed that diazoxide effectively protects NSC-34 motoneurons from glutamatergic, oxidative and inflammatory damage. Moreover, diazoxide decreased neuronal death in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures after exicitotoxicity and preserved myelin sheath in organotypic cerebellar cultures exposed to pro-inflammatory demyelinating damage. In addition, we demonstrated that one of the mechanisms of actions implied in the neuroprotective role of diazoxide is mediated by the activation of Nrf2 expression and nuclear translocation. Nrf2 expression was increased in NSC-34 neurons in vitro as well as in the spinal cord of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animals orally administered with diazoxide. Thus, diazoxide is a neuroprotective agent against oxidative stress-induced damage and cellular dysfunction that can be beneficial for diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang Y, Wang S, Harvat T, Kinzer K, Zhang L, Feng F, Qi M, Oberholzer J. Diazoxide, a K(ATP) channel opener, prevents ischemia-reperfusion injury in rodent pancreatic islets. Cell Transplant 2013; 24:25-36. [PMID: 24070013 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x673441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diazoxide (DZ) is a pharmacological opener of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels that has been used for mimicking ischemic preconditioning and shows protection against ischemic damage. Here we investigated whether diazoxide supplementation to University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has cellular protection during islet isolation and improves in vivo islet transplant outcomes in a rodent ischemia model. C57/B6 mice pancreata were flushed with UW or UW + DZ solution and cold preserved for 6 or 10 h prior to islet isolation. Islet yield, in vitro and in vivo function, mitochondrial morphology, and apoptosis were evaluated. Significantly higher islet yields were observed in the UW + DZ group than in the UW group (237.5 ± 25.6 vs. 108.7 ± 49.3, p < 0.01). The islets from the UW + DZ group displayed a significantly higher glucose-induced insulin secretion (0.97 ng/ml ± 0.15 vs. 0.758 ng/ml ± 0.21, p = 0.009) and insulin content (60.96 ng/islet ± 13.94 vs. 42.09 ng/islet ± 8.15, p = 0.002). The DZ-treated islets had well-preserved mitochondrial morphology with superior responses of mitochondrial potentials, and calcium influx responded to glucose. A higher number of living cells and less late apoptotic cells were observed in the UW + DZ group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the islets from the UW + DZ group had a significantly higher cure rate and improved glucose tolerance. This study is the first to report mitoprotective effects of DZ for pancreas preservation and islet isolation. In the future, it will be necessary to further understand the underlying mechanism for the mitoprotection and to test this promising approach for pancreas preservation and the islet isolation process in nonhuman primates and ultimately humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Transplant/Surgery, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lozos VA, Toumpoulis IK, Agrogiannis G, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Chamogeorgakis TP, Rizos IK, Patsouris ES, Anagnostopoulos CE, Rokkas CK. Aprikalim a potassium adenosine triphosphate channel opener reduces neurologic injury in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia. Int J Surg 2013; 11:354-9. [PMID: 23473993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP) channel openers have been involved in the enhancement of ischemic tolerance in various tissues. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of aprikalim, a specific KATP channel opener, on spinal cord ischemic injury. METHODS Fifty-four rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (n = 18, sham operation), group 2 (n = 18, 30 min of normothermic aortic cross-clamping) and group 3 (n = 18, aprikalim 100 μg/kg was administered 15 min before 30 min of normothermic aortic cross-clamping). Neurologic evaluation was performed according to the modified Tarlov scale. Six animals from each group were sacrificed at 24, 48 and 168 h postoperatively. The lumbar spinal cords were harvested and examined histologically. The motor neurons were counted and the histologic lesions were scored (0-3, 3: normal). RESULTS Group 3 (aprikalim group) had better Tarlov scores compared to group 2 at all-time points (P < 0.025). The histologic changes were proportional to the Tarlov scores and group 3 had better functional outcome as compared to group 2 at 168 h (number of neurons: 21.2 ± 4.9 vs. 8.0 ± 2.7, P < 0.001 and histologic score: 1.67 ± 1.03 vs. 0.50 ± 0.55, P = 0.03). Although aprikalim exhibited improved effect on clinical and histologic neurologic outcome when compared to normothermic spinal cord ischemia, animals in group 3 had worse Tarlov score, reduced number of motor neurons and worse histologic score when compared to group 1 (sham operation) at 168 h (P = 0.003, P = 0.001 and P = 0.019 respectively). CONCLUSION Aprikalim reduces the severity of spinal cord ischemic injury in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios A Lozos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital Center, Rimini 1, Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Okuda K, Hasui K, Abe M, Matsumoto K, Shindo M. Molecular Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Potent Apoptosis Inhibitors Inspired from Bongkrekic Acid. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:2253-60. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300315h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Okuda
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1
Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hasui
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School
of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Masato Abe
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1
Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1
Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1
Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nakagawa I, Wajima D, Tamura K, Nishimura F, Park YS, Nakase H. The neuroprotective effect of diazoxide is mediated by mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels in a rat model of acute subdural hematoma. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 20:144-7. [PMID: 23036174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2012.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) results in neuronal death due to mitochondrial dysfunction and a subsequent cascade of apoptotic and necrotic events. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium (mitoK(ATP)) channels have a major role in cerebral ischemic preconditioning in vivo and in vitro. However, the role of the mitoK(ATP) channel has not been investigated in the context of ASDH. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the mitoK(ATP) channel mediates neuroprotection in a rat model of ASDH. Male Wistar rats were subjected to subdural infusion of 400 μL autologous venous blood. The rats were assigned to four experimental groups pretreated intraventricularly 15 minutes before ASDH with (1) vehicle (n=10); (2) the mitoK(ATP) channel agonist diazoxide (n=9); (3) diazoxide plus the selective mitoK(ATP) channel antagonist 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) (n=6); or (4) 5-HD alone (n=6). Infarct volume was assessed at 4 days after ASDH. Brain edema formation was also measured. Pretreatment with diazoxide significantly reduced infarct volume and brain edema formation after ASDH. However, the effects of diazoxide were abolished by co-treatment with 5-HD. 5-HD alone increased infarct volume. These data suggest that the mitoK(ATP) channel is an important mediator of the neuroprotective effects of cerebral preconditioning in a rat model of ASDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
An upregulation of SENP3 after spinal cord injury: implications for neuronal apoptosis. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:2758-66. [PMID: 23054070 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
SENP3 (SUMO-specific proteases 3), a member of the small ubiquitin-like modifier specific protease family, was identified as a molecule that deconjugates SUMOylation of modified protein substrates and functions as an isopeptidase by disrupting SUMO homeostasis to facilitate cancer development and progression. However, its expression and function in nervous system injury and repair are still unclear. In this study, we employed an acute spinal cord injury (SCI) model in adult rats and investigated the dynamic changes of SENP3 expression in the spinal cord. Western blot analysis indicated a gradual increase in SENP3 expression, which peaked 3 days after SCI, and then declined over the following days. Immunohistochemistry results further confirmed that SENP3 was expressed at low levels in the gray and white matter in the non-injured condition and increased after SCI. Moreover, immunofluorescence double-labeling showed that SENP3 was co-expressed with the neuronal marker, NeuN. Furthermore, the SENP3-positive cells that were co-expressed with NeuN had also expressed active caspase-3 after injury. To investigate whether SENP3 plays a role in neuronal apoptosis, we applied H(2)O(2) to induce neuronal apoptosis in vitro. Western blot analysis showed a significant upregulation of SENP3 and active caspase-3 following H(2)O(2) stimulation. Taken together, these results suggest that SENP3 may play important roles in the pathophysiology of SCI.
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang XP, Tan H, Chen BY, Deng CQ. Astragalus extract alleviates nerve injury after cerebral ischemia by improving energy metabolism and inhibiting apoptosis. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:449-54. [PMID: 22466546 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This aim of this study was to explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of Astragalus extract against cerebral ischemia injury through the energy metabolism and apoptosis pathways of c‑Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction. After the bilateral common carotid artery of C57BL/6 mice was occluded for 20 min followed by 1-h reperfusion, the ATP content, total adenine nucleotides (TAN), energy charge (EC), and sodium potassium ATPase (Na(+)-K(+)‑ATPase) activity were decreased markedly in brain tissues. Astragalus extract markedly increased the ATP and ADP levels, EC value, and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity. Twenty-four and 48 h after reperfusion, the neurocyte survival rate decreased and apoptosis rate increased, while the expression of phosphorylated JNK1/2, cytochrome c (Cyt C), and cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease (caspase)-9 and -3 were significantly enhanced in brain tissues. Astragalus extract significantly increased neurocyte survival and decreased the apoptosis rate as well as down-regulated the expression of p-JNK1/2, Cyt C, caspase-9, and caspase-3. These results suggest that Astragalus extract has neuroprotective effects against nerve injury after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and the underlying mechanism may be associated with improved cellular energy metabolism, inhibition of JNK signal transduction pathway activation, and then suppression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Huang
- Pathophysiology Laboratory, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gurm GS, Danik SB, Shoup TM, Weise S, Takahashi K, Laferrier S, Elmaleh DR, Gewirtz H. 4-[18F]-Tetraphenylphosphonium as a PET Tracer for Myocardial Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 5:285-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
35
|
Favreau DJ, Meessen-Pinard M, Desforges M, Talbot PJ. Human coronavirus-induced neuronal programmed cell death is cyclophilin d dependent and potentially caspase dispensable. J Virol 2012; 86:81-93. [PMID: 22013052 PMCID: PMC3255912 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06062-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens. Some HCoV strains, including HCoV-OC43, can invade the central nervous system, where they infect neurons, with unclear consequences. We have previously reported that HCoV-OC43 infection of human neurons activates the unfolded-protein response and caspase-3 and induces cell death and that the viral spike (S) glycoprotein is involved in the process. We now report on underlying mechanisms associated with the induction of programmed cell death (PCD) after infection by the reference HCoV-OC43 virus (rOC/ATCC) and a more neurovirulent and cytotoxic HCoV-OC43 variant harboring two point mutations in the S glycoprotein (rOC/U(S183-241)). Even though caspase-3 and caspase-9 were both activated after infection, the use of caspase inhibitors neither reduced nor delayed virus-induced PCD, suggesting that these proteases are not essential in the process. On the other hand, the proapoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c (CytC), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were relocalized toward the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus, respectively, after infection by both virus variants. Moreover, LA-N-5 neuronal cells treated with cyclosporine (CsA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore (mPTP), or knocked down for cyclophilin D (CypD) were completely protected from rOC/ATCC-induced neuronal PCD, underlining the involvement of CypD in the process. On the other hand, CsA and CypD knockdown had moderate effects on rOC/U(S183-241)-induced PCD. In conclusion, our results are consistent with mitochondrial AIF and cyclophilin D being central in HCoV-OC43-induced PCD, while caspases appear not to be essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique J Favreau
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tricarico D, Rolland JF, Cannone G, Mele A, Cippone V, Laghezza A, Carbonara G, Fracchiolla G, Tortorella P, Loiodice F, Conte Camerino D. Structural nucleotide analogs are potent activators/inhibitors of pancreatic β cell KATP channels: an emerging mechanism supporting their use as antidiabetic drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2011; 340:266-76. [PMID: 22028392 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.185835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives are novel drugs structurally similar to nucleotides; however, their actions on the pancreatic β cell ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel and on glucose disposal are unknown. Therefore, the effects of the linear/branched alkyl substituents and the aliphatic/aromatic rings at position 2 of the 2H-1,4-benzoxazine nucleus on the activity of these molecules against the pancreatic β cell KATP channel and the Kir6.2ΔC36 subunit were investigated using a patch-clamp technique. The effects of these compounds on glucose disposal that followed glucose loading by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and on fasting glycemia were investigated in normal mice. The 2-n-hexyl analog blocked the KATP (IC₅₀ = 10.1 × 10⁻⁹ M) and Kir6.2ΔC36 (IC₅₀ = 9.6 × 10⁻⁹ M) channels, which induced depolarization. In contrast, the 2-phenyl analog was a potent opener (drug concentration needed to enhance the current by 50% = 0.04 × 10⁻⁹ M), which induced hyperpolarization. The ranked order of the potency/efficacy of the analog openers was 2-phenyl > 2-benzyl > 2-cyclohexylmethyl. The 2-phenylethyl and 2-isopropyl analogs were not effective as blockers/openers. The 2-n-hexyl (2-10 mg/kg) and 2-phenyl analogs (2-30 mg/kg) reduced and enhanced the glucose areas under the curves, respectively, after glucose loading in mice. These compounds did not affect the fasting glycemia as is observed with glibenclamide. The linear alkyl chain and the aromatic ring at position 2 of the 1,4-benzoxazine nucleus are the determinants, which confer the KATP channel blocking action with glucose-lowering effects and the opening action with increased glucose levels, respectively. The opening/blocking actions of these compounds mimic those that were observed with ATP and ADP. The results support the use of these compounds as novel antidiabetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Tricarico
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bari, Via Orabona No. 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Human coronavirus-induced neuronal programmed cell death is cyclophilin d dependent and potentially caspase dispensable. J Virol 2011. [PMID: 22013052 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06062‐11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens. Some HCoV strains, including HCoV-OC43, can invade the central nervous system, where they infect neurons, with unclear consequences. We have previously reported that HCoV-OC43 infection of human neurons activates the unfolded-protein response and caspase-3 and induces cell death and that the viral spike (S) glycoprotein is involved in the process. We now report on underlying mechanisms associated with the induction of programmed cell death (PCD) after infection by the reference HCoV-OC43 virus (rOC/ATCC) and a more neurovirulent and cytotoxic HCoV-OC43 variant harboring two point mutations in the S glycoprotein (rOC/U(S183-241)). Even though caspase-3 and caspase-9 were both activated after infection, the use of caspase inhibitors neither reduced nor delayed virus-induced PCD, suggesting that these proteases are not essential in the process. On the other hand, the proapoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c (CytC), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were relocalized toward the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus, respectively, after infection by both virus variants. Moreover, LA-N-5 neuronal cells treated with cyclosporine (CsA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore (mPTP), or knocked down for cyclophilin D (CypD) were completely protected from rOC/ATCC-induced neuronal PCD, underlining the involvement of CypD in the process. On the other hand, CsA and CypD knockdown had moderate effects on rOC/U(S183-241)-induced PCD. In conclusion, our results are consistent with mitochondrial AIF and cyclophilin D being central in HCoV-OC43-induced PCD, while caspases appear not to be essential.
Collapse
|
38
|
Puerta E, Barros-Miñones L, Hervias I, Gomez-Rodriguez V, Orejana L, Pizarro N, de la Torre R, Jordán J, Aguirre N. Long-lasting neuroprotective effect of sildenafil against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine- induced 5-hydroxytryptamine deficits in the rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2011; 90:518-28. [PMID: 21948520 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Sildenafil, given shortly before 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), affords protection against 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) depletions caused by this amphetamine derivative by an acute preconditioning-like mechanism. Because acute and delayed preconditionings do not share the same mechanisms, we investigated whether sildenafil would also protect the 5-HT system of the rat if given 24 hr before MDMA. For this, MDMA (3 × 5 mg/kg i.p., every 2 hr) was administered to rats previously treated with sildenafil (8 mg/kg p.o.). One week later, 5-HT content and 5-HT transporter density were measured in the striatum, frontal cortex, and hippocampus of the rats. Our findings indicate that sildenafil afforded significant protection against MDMA-induced 5-HT deficits without altering the acute hyperthermic response to MDMA or its metabolic disposition. Sildenafil promoted ERK1/2 activation an effect that was paralleled by an increase in MnSOD expression that persisted 24 hr later. In addition, superoxide and superoxide-derived oxidants, shown by ethidium fluorescence, increased after the last MDMA injection, an effect that was prevented by sildenafil pretreatment. Similarly, MDMA increased nitrotyrosine concentration in the hippocampus, an effect not shown by sildenafil-pretreated rats. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that sildenafil produces a significant, long-lasting neuroprotective effect against MDMA-induced 5-HT deficits. This effect is apparently mediated by an increased expression of MnSOD and a subsequent reduced susceptibility to the oxidative stress caused by MDMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Puerta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu Q, Tang C, Zhang YJ, Jiang Y, Li XW, Wang SG, Bie P. Diazoxide Suppresses Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury After Mouse Liver Transplantation by a BCL-2-Dependent Mechanism. J Surg Res 2011; 169:e155-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
40
|
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy'): Neurodegeneration versus Neuromodulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011. [PMCID: PMC4058674 DOI: 10.3390/ph4070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The amphetamine analogue 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’) is widely abused as a recreational drug due to its unique psychological effects. Of interest, MDMA causes long-lasting deficits in neurochemical and histological markers of the serotonergic neurons in the brain of different animal species. Such deficits include the decline in the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase in parallel with the loss of 5-HT and its main metabolite 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) along with a lower binding of specific ligands to the 5-HT transporters (SERT). Of concern, reduced 5-HIAA levels in the CSF and SERT density have also been reported in human ecstasy users, what has been interpreted to reflect the loss of serotonergic fibers and terminals. The neurotoxic potential of MDMA has been questioned in recent years based on studies that failed to show the loss of the SERT protein by western blot or the lack of reactive astrogliosis after MDMA exposure. In addition, MDMA produces a long-lasting down-regulation of SERT gene expression; which, on the whole, has been used to invoke neuromodulatory mechanisms as an explanation to MDMA-induced 5-HT deficits. While decreased protein levels do not necessarily reflect neurodegeneration, the opposite is also true, that is, neuroregulatory mechanisms do not preclude the existence of 5-HT terminal degeneration.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ngoh GA, Watson LJ, Facundo HT, Jones SP. Augmented O-GlcNAc signaling attenuates oxidative stress and calcium overload in cardiomyocytes. Amino Acids 2011; 40:895-911. [PMID: 20798965 PMCID: PMC3118675 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an inducible, dynamically cycling and reversible post-translational modification of Ser/Thr residues of nucleocytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins. We recently discovered that O-GlcNAcylation confers cytoprotection in the heart via attenuating the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the subsequent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Because Ca(2+) overload and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation are prominent features of post-ischemic injury and favor mPTP formation, we ascertained whether O-GlcNAcylation mitigates mPTP formation via its effects on Ca(2+) overload and ROS generation. Subjecting neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs, n ≥ 6 per group) to hypoxia, or mice (n ≥ 4 per group) to myocardial ischemia reduced O-GlcNAcylation, which later increased during reoxygenation/reperfusion. NRCMs (n ≥ 4 per group) infected with an adenovirus carrying nothing (control), adenoviral O-GlcNAc transferase (adds O-GlcNAc to proteins, AdOGT), adenoviral O-GlcNAcase (removes O-GlcNAc to proteins, AdOGA), vehicle or PUGNAc (blocks OGA; increases O-GlcNAc levels) were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation or H(2)O(2), and changes in Ca(2+) levels (via Fluo-4AM and Rhod-2AM), ROS (via DCF) and mPTP formation (via calcein-MitoTracker Red colocalization) were assessed using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. Both OGT and OGA overexpression did not significantly (P > 0.05) alter baseline Ca(2+) or ROS levels. However, AdOGT significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated both hypoxia and oxidative stress-induced Ca(2+) overload and ROS generation. Additionally, OGA inhibition mitigated both H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) overload and ROS generation. Although AdOGA exacerbated both hypoxia and H(2)O(2)-induced ROS generation, it had no effect on H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) overload. We conclude that inhibition of Ca(2+) overload and ROS generation (inducers of mPTP) might be one mechanism through which O-GlcNAcylation reduces ischemia/hypoxia-mediated mPTP formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gladys A Ngoh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Soeding PF, Crack PJ, Wright CE, Angus JA, Royse CF. Levosimendan preserves the contractile responsiveness of hypoxic human myocardium via mitochondrial KATP channel and potential pERK 1/2 activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 655:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
43
|
Evidence for an ATP-sensitive K+ channel in mitoplasts isolated from Trypanosoma cruzi and Crithidia fasciculata. Int J Parasitol 2010; 39:955-61. [PMID: 19504755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondria, as well as rat, plant and Caenorhabditis elegans mitochondria, possess an ATP-sensitive K+ channel (mitoK(ATP)) that has been pharmacologically characterised. Opening of mitoK(ATP) and the subsequent K+ entry into the matrix was shown to have three effects on mitochondria physiology: (i) an increase in matrix volume (swelling), (ii) an acceleration of respiration, and (iii) an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These effects on mitochondria bioenergetics have been shown to be part of distinct intracellular signalling pathways, to protect against cell death and to modulate gene transcription. To date, such a channel or its activity has not been described in trypanosomatids. In the present study, we show pharmacological evidence for the presence of a mitoK(ATP) in trypanosomatids. Cells were incubated in a hypotonic medium followed by mild detergent exposure to isolate mitoplasts from Trypanosoma cruzi and Crithidia fasciculata. Mitoplasts swelled when incubated in KCl medium due to respiration-driven K+ entry into the matrix. Swelling was sensitive to the presence of ATP when the mitoplast suspension was incubated in K+ -containing, but not in K+ -free, medium. The ATP inhibition of swelling was reversed by the mitoK(ATP) agonist diazoxide and the diazoxide-induced swelling was inhibited by the mitoK(ATP) blockers 5-hydroxydecanoate (5HD) or glibenclamide. Similar to mammalian and rat mitochondria, trypanosomatid mitoK(ATP) activity was modulated by the general protein kinase C (PKC) agonist phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and antagonist chelerythrine. As expected, the potassium ionophore valinomycin could also reverse the ATP-inhibited state but this reversal was not sensitive to 5HD or glibenclamide. Dose response curves for ATP, diazoxide and 5HD are presented. These results provide strong evidence for the presence of an ATP-sensitive K+ in trypanosomatid mitochondria.
Collapse
|
44
|
Hu HL, Zhang ZX, Chen CS, Cai C, Zhao JP, Wang X. Effects of Mitochondrial Potassium Channel and Membrane Potential on Hypoxic Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2010; 42:661-6. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0017oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
45
|
Essential role of the redox-sensitive kinase p66shc in determining energetic and oxidative status and cell fate in neuronal preconditioning. J Neurosci 2010; 30:5242-52. [PMID: 20392947 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.6366-09.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning is a phenomenon in which low-level stressful stimuli upregulate endogenous defensive programs, resulting in subsequent resistance to otherwise lethal injuries. We previously observed that signal transduction systems typically associated with neurodegeneration such as caspase activation are requisite events for the expression of tolerance and induction of HSP70. In this work, we sought to determine the extent and duration of oxidative and energetic dysfunction as well as the role of effector kinases on metabolic function in preconditioned cells. Using an in vitro neuronal culture model, we observed a robust increase in Raf and p66(Shc) activation within 1 h of preconditioning. Total ATP content decreased by 25% 3 h after preconditioning but returned to baseline by 24 h. Use of a free radical spin trap or p66(shc) inhibitor increased ATP content whereas a Raf inhibitor had no effect. Phosphorylated p66(shc) rapidly relocalized to the mitochondria and in the absence of activated p66(shc), autophagic processing increased. The constitutively expressed chaperone HSC70 relocalized to autophagosomes. Preconditioned cells experience significant total oxidative stress measured by F(2)-isoprostanes and neuronal stress evaluated by F(4)-neuroprostane measurement. Neuroprostane levels were enhanced in the presence of Shc inhibitors. Finally, we found that inhibiting either p66(shc) or Raf blocked neuroprotection afforded by preconditioning as well as upregulation of HSP70, suggesting both kinases are critical for preconditioning but function in fundamentally different ways. This is the first work to demonstrate the essential role of p66(shc) in mediating requisite mitochondrial and energetic compensation after preconditioning and suggests a mechanism by which protein and organelle damage mediated by ROS can increase HSP70.
Collapse
|
46
|
Puerta E, Pastor F, Dvoracek J, De Saavedra MDM, Goñi-Allo B, Jordán J, Hervias I, Aguirre N. Delayed pre-conditioning by 3-nitropropionic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine-induced 5-HT deficits. J Neurochem 2010; 114:843-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
47
|
Szabadfi K, Mester L, Reglodi D, Kiss P, Babai N, Racz B, Kovacs K, Szabo A, Tamas A, Gabriel R, Atlasz T. Novel neuroprotective strategies in ischemic retinal lesions. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:544-561. [PMID: 20386654 PMCID: PMC2852854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11020544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal ischemia can be effectively modeled by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, which leads to chronic hypoperfusion-induced degeneration in the entire rat retina. The complex pathways leading to retinal cell death offer a complex approach of neuroprotective strategies. In the present review we summarize recent findings with different neuroprotective candidate molecules. We describe the protective effects of intravitreal treatment with: (i) urocortin 2; (ii) a mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener, diazoxide; (iii) a neurotrophic factor, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide; and (iv) a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (HO3089). The retinoprotective effects are demonstrated with morphological description and effects on apoptotic pathways using molecular biological techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szabadfi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(K.S.);
(N.B.);
(R.G.)
| | - Laszlo Mester
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(L.M.);
(B.R.);
(K.K.);
(A.S.)
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(D.R.);
(P.K.);
(A.T.)
| | - Peter Kiss
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(D.R.);
(P.K.);
(A.T.)
| | - Norbert Babai
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(K.S.);
(N.B.);
(R.G.)
| | - Boglarka Racz
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(L.M.);
(B.R.);
(K.K.);
(A.S.)
| | - Krisztina Kovacs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(L.M.);
(B.R.);
(K.K.);
(A.S.)
| | - Aliz Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(L.M.);
(B.R.);
(K.K.);
(A.S.)
| | - Andrea Tamas
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(D.R.);
(P.K.);
(A.T.)
| | - Robert Gabriel
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(K.S.);
(N.B.);
(R.G.)
| | - Tamas Atlasz
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; E-Mails:
(K.S.);
(N.B.);
(R.G.)
- Department of Sportbiology, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel.: +36-72-503-600/4613; Fax: +36-72-501-517
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Interaction of mitochondrial potassium channels with the permeability transition pore. FEBS Lett 2009; 584:2005-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
49
|
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia in the perinatal period is an important cause of cerebral palsy and associated disabilities in children. There has been significant research progress in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy over the last 2 decades, and many new molecular mechanisms have been identified. Despite all these advances, therapeutic interventions are still limited. In this article the authors discuss several molecular pathways involved in hypoxia-ischemia, and potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatemi
- Assistant Professor of Neurology and Pediatrics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mary Ann Wilson
- Associate Professor of Neurology and Neuroscience, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael V. Johnston
- Blum-Moser Chair for Pediatric Neurology at the Kennedy Krieger Institute, Professor of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Choma K, Bednarczyk P, Koszela-Piotrowska I, Kulawiak B, Kudin A, Kunz WS, Dołowy K, Szewczyk A. Single channel studies of the ATP-regulated potassium channel in brain mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2009; 41:323-34. [PMID: 19821034 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-009-9233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial potassium channels in the brain have been suggested to have an important role in neuroprotection. The single channel activity of mitochondrial potassium channels was measured after reconstitution of the purified inner membrane from rat brain mitochondria into a planar lipid bilayer. In addition to a large conductance potassium channel that was described previously, we identified a potassium channel that has a mean conductance of 219 +/- 15 pS. The activity of this channel was inhibited by ATP/Mg(2+) and activated by the potassium channel opener BMS191095. Channel activity was not influenced either by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP-regulated potassium channels, or by the plasma membrane ATP-regulated potassium channel blocker HMR1098. Likewise, this mitochondrial potassium channel was unaffected by the large conductance potassium channel inhibitor iberiotoxin or by the voltage-dependent potassium channel inhibitor margatoxin. The amplitude of the conductance was lowered by magnesium ions, but the opening ability was unaffected. Immunological studies identified the Kir6.1 channel subunit in the inner membrane from rat brain mitochondria. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time the single channel activity and properties of an ATP-regulated potassium channel from rat brain mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Choma
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|