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Alladina J, Smith NP, Kooistra T, Slowikowski K, Kernin IJ, Deguine J, Keen HL, Manakongtreecheep K, Tantivit J, Rahimi RA, Sheng SL, Nguyen ND, Haring AM, Giacona FL, Hariri LP, Xavier RJ, Luster AD, Villani AC, Cho JL, Medoff BD. A human model of asthma exacerbation reveals transcriptional programs and cell circuits specific to allergic asthma. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabq6352. [PMID: 37146132 PMCID: PMC10440046 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abq6352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease most commonly associated with allergy and type 2 inflammation. However, the mechanisms that link airway inflammation to the structural changes that define asthma are incompletely understood. Using a human model of allergen-induced asthma exacerbation, we compared the lower airway mucosa in allergic asthmatics and allergic non-asthmatic controls using single-cell RNA sequencing. In response to allergen, the asthmatic airway epithelium was highly dynamic and up-regulated genes involved in matrix degradation, mucus metaplasia, and glycolysis while failing to induce injury-repair and antioxidant pathways observed in controls. IL9-expressing pathogenic TH2 cells were specific to asthmatic airways and were only observed after allergen challenge. Additionally, conventional type 2 dendritic cells (DC2 that express CD1C) and CCR2-expressing monocyte-derived cells (MCs) were uniquely enriched in asthmatics after allergen, with up-regulation of genes that sustain type 2 inflammation and promote pathologic airway remodeling. In contrast, allergic controls were enriched for macrophage-like MCs that up-regulated tissue repair programs after allergen challenge, suggesting that these populations may protect against asthmatic airway remodeling. Cellular interaction analyses revealed a TH2-mononuclear phagocyte-basal cell interactome unique to asthmatics. These pathogenic cellular circuits were characterized by type 2 programming of immune and structural cells and additional pathways that may sustain and amplify type 2 signals, including TNF family signaling, altered cellular metabolism, failure to engage antioxidant responses, and loss of growth factor signaling. Our findings therefore suggest that pathogenic effector circuits and the absence of proresolution programs drive structural airway disease in response to type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Alladina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neal P. Smith
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tristan Kooistra
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamil Slowikowski
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabela J. Kernin
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacques Deguine
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Henry L. Keen
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kasidet Manakongtreecheep
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Tantivit
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rod A. Rahimi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan L. Sheng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nhan D. Nguyen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexis M. Haring
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca L. Giacona
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lida P. Hariri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D. Luster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josalyn L. Cho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Liu Y, Li P, Jiang T, Li Y, Wang Y, Cheng Z. Epidermal growth factor receptor in asthma: A promising therapeutic target? Respir Med 2023; 207:107117. [PMID: 36626942 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Although decades of intensive research have focused on the role of EGFR in asthma, the specific mechanisms and pathways of EGFR signaling remain unclear. Various reports have indicated that inhibition of EGFR improves the pathological features in asthma models. However, extending these experimental findings to clinical applications is difficult. Several measures can be adopted to promote clinical application of EGFR inhibitors. This review focuses on the role of EGFR in the pathogenesis of asthma and the development of a potentially novel therapeutic target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tianci Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Shouib R, Eitzen G. Cdc42 regulates cytokine expression and trafficking in bronchial epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1069499. [PMID: 36618374 PMCID: PMC9816864 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1069499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells can respond to incoming pathogens, allergens and stimulants through the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. These pro-inflammatory mediators activate inflammatory signaling cascades that allow a robust immune response to be mounted. However, uncontrolled production and release of cytokines and chemokines can result in chronic inflammation and appears to be an underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders such as asthma and COPD. The Rho GTPase, Cdc42, is an important signaling molecule that we hypothesize can regulate cytokine production and release from epithelial cells. We treated BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells with a set of stimulants to activate inflammatory pathways and cytokine release. The production, trafficking and secretion of cytokines were assessed when Cdc42 was pharmacologically inhibited with ML141 drug or silenced with lentiviral-mediated shRNA knockdown. We found that Cdc42 inhibition with ML141 differentially affected gene expression of a subset of cytokines; transcription of IL-6 and IL-8 were increased while MCP-1 was decreased. However, Cdc42 inhibition or depletion disrupted IL-8 trafficking and reduced its secretion even though transcription was increased. Cytokines transiting through the Golgi were particularly affected by Cdc42 disruption. Our results define a role for Cdc42 in the regulation of cytokine production and release in airway epithelial cells. This underscores the role of Cdc42 in coupling receptor activation to downstream gene expression and also as a regulator of cytokine secretory pathways.
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Xie X, Yu T, Hou Y, Han A, Ding Y, Nie H, Cui Y. Ferulic acid ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced tracheal injury via cGMP/PKGII signaling pathway. Respir Res 2021; 22:308. [PMID: 34863181 PMCID: PMC8642995 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheal injury is a common clinical condition that still lacks an effective therapy at present. Stimulation of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) increases Na+ transport, which is a driving force to keep tracheal mucosa free edema fluid during tracheal injury. Ferulic acid (FA) has been proved to be effective in many respiratory diseases through exerting anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-thrombotic effects. However, these studies rarely involve the level of ion transport, especially ENaC. METHODS C57BL/J male mice were treated intraperitoneally with normal saline or FA (100 mg/kg) 12 h before, and 12 h after intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg), respectively. The effects of FA on tracheal injury were not only assessed through HE staining, immunofluorescence assay, and protein/mRNA expressions of ENaC located on tracheas, but also evaluated by the function of ENaC in mouse tracheal epithelial cells (MTECs). Besides, to explore the detailed mechanism about FA involved in LPS-induced tracheal injury, the content of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) was measured, and Rp-cGMP (cGMP inhibitor) or cGMP-dependent protein kinase II (PKGII)-siRNA (siPKGII) were applied in primary MTECs, respectively. RESULTS Histological examination results demonstrated that tracheal injury was obviously attenuated by pretreatment of FA. Meanwhile, FA could reverse LPS-induced reduction of both protein/mRNA expressions and ENaC activity. ELISA assay verified cGMP content was increased by FA, and administration of Rp-cGMP or transfection of siPKGII could reverse the FA up-regulated ENaC protein expression in MTECs. CONCLUSIONS Ferulic acid can attenuate LPS-induced tracheal injury through up-regulation of ENaC at least partially via the cGMP/PKGII pathway, which may provide a promising new direction for preventive and therapeutic strategy in tracheal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.,Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Aixin Han
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Inhibitory Effects of Gyeji-Tang on MMP-9 Activity and the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in IL-4- and TNF-α-Stimulated BEAS-2B Cells. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050951. [PMID: 34068739 PMCID: PMC8151808 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gyeji-tang (GJT), a traditional herbal formula composed of five herbal medicines, is commonly used to treat the common cold, exogenous febrile disease, fever and headaches in Korea, China and Japan. Although various pharmacological activities of GJT have been reported in several studies, the effect of GJT water extract (GJTWE) on airway inflammation has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GJTWE on airway inflammation-related factors using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells, and to identify the phytochemicals in GJTWE by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS/MS) analysis. GJTWE significantly decreased the production of chemokines, including eotaxin-3, eotaxin-1, regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and the expression of the adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, in interleukin-4 + tumor necrosis factor-α (IT)-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. In the UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis, 21 phytochemicals, including six flavonoids, two chalcones, five terpenoids, six phenolics, one phenylpropanoid and one coumarin, were identified in GJTWE. The findings suggested that GJTWE might exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on airway inflammation by regulating the expression of inflammatory response-related factors in IT-stimulated BEAS-2B cells; further studies are required to determine the bioactive compounds involved in the inhibition of airway inflammation.
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6
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Kamaraj Y, Dhayalan S, Chinnaiyan U, Kumaresan V, Subramaniyan S, Kumar D, Muniyandi K, Punamalai G. Triterpenoid compound betulin attenuates allergic airway inflammation by modulating antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines and tissue transglutaminase in ovalbumin-induced asthma mice model. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:968-978. [PMID: 33769499 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study hypothesized that to analyse the anti-inflammatory effect of triterpenoid compound betulin in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice. METHODS In this study, betulin was intraperitoneally administered in OVA-challenged and sensitized mice. The effect of betulin on inflammatory cells, lung function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidants status, oxidative stress markers, serum IgE level and inflammatory cytokines status in BALF was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of tTG, TGF-β1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue was scrutinized by RT-qPCR analysis, and the expression of TREM-1, p-IκB-α and NF-κBp65 proteins in lung tissue was examined by western blot analysis. KEY FINDINGS We found that the betulin treatment has effectively attenuated the proliferation of inflammatory cells, reduced the ROS generation, elevated the antioxidant enzymes and attenuated the level of oxidative markers in asthma induced mice. Moreover, reduced the level of serum IgE and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ. Betulin treatment down-regulated the expression of MMP-9, tTG and TGF-β1 genes; moreover, betulin treatment effectively down-regulated the TREM-1, p-IκB-α and NF-κBp65 proteins level in lung. CONCLUSION Betulin exhibited effective anti-asthmatic activity by attenuating the accumulation of inflammatory cells, expression of tTG, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 genes in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoganathan Kamaraj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangeetha Dhayalan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Chinnaiyan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veenayohini Kumaresan
- Division of Plant Pathology, UPASI Tea Research Foundation, Valparai, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satheeshkumar Subramaniyan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kokila Muniyandi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh Punamalai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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7
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Derseh HB, Dewage SNV, Perera UE, Koumoundouros E, Pagel CN, Organ L, Snibson KJ. Small airway remodeling in a sheep model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:409-419. [PMID: 34346276 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1834015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although IPF is described traditionally as a disease affecting lung parenchyma, there is renewed interest in the alterations in the structure and function of the small airways in both IPF patients, and animal models of pulmonary fibrosis. Small airway remodeling may contribute to the pathophysiology of pulmonary fibrosis. Given the dearth of knowledge of small airway changes in pulmonary fibrosis, this study aims to assess the structural remodeling, as well as functional changes associated with bleomycin-injured small airways in a sheep model of pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two separate lung segments in ten sheep received two challenges of either 3 IU bleomycin, or saline (control), two weeks apart. The animals were euthanized seven weeks after the final bleomycin injury. Airflow resistance in the infused segments was measured with a wedged-bronchoscope procedure. This parameter was measured at baseline before bleomycin/saline-infusion, and at 2-, 4-, and 7-weeks after the final bleomycin-infusion. Inflammation and fibrosis in the airways were assessed by semi-quantitative morphological parameters. The density of blood vessels in the small airway walls was assessed in lung tissue sections immuno-stained with antibodies against collagen type IV. RESULTS There were a number of changes in the distal airways of bleomycin-infused lung segments. Bleomycin exposure significantly elevated airway resistance in these lung segments when compared to saline-infused control lung segments. In the peribronchial and peribronchiolar regions of the small airways, there were significantly increased levels of inflammation, fibrosis, airway wall area, and collagen deposition in bleomycin-infused airways when compared to saline-infused airways. Bronchial blood vessel density was not significantly different between bleomycin-and saline-infused lung segments. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results indicate that the distal airways are involved in the pathology induced by bleomycin in this sheep model. This suggests that the sheep model may be useful for studying small airway remodeling in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu B Derseh
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sasika N Vithana Dewage
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Udari E Perera
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Charles N Pagel
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Louise Organ
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ken J Snibson
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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8
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Iosifidis T, Sutanto EN, Buckley AG, Coleman L, Gill EE, Lee AH, Ling KM, Hillas J, Looi K, Garratt LW, Martinovich KM, Shaw NC, Montgomery ST, Kicic-Starcevich E, Karpievitch YV, Le Souëf P, Laing IA, Vijayasekaran S, Lannigan FJ, Rigby PJ, Hancock RE, Knight DA, Stick SM, Kicic A. Aberrant cell migration contributes to defective airway epithelial repair in childhood wheeze. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133125. [PMID: 32208383 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal wound repair has been observed in the airway epithelium of patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma. Therapies focusing on repairing vulnerable airways, particularly in early life, present a potentially novel treatment strategy. We report defective lower airway epithelial cell repair to strongly associate with common pre-school-aged and school-aged wheezing phenotypes, characterized by aberrant migration patterns and reduced integrin α5β1 expression. Next generation sequencing identified the PI3K/Akt pathway as the top upstream transcriptional regulator of integrin α5β1, where Akt activation enhanced repair and integrin α5β1 expression in primary cultures from children with wheeze. Conversely, inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling in primary cultures from children without wheeze reduced α5β1 expression and attenuated repair. Importantly, the FDA-approved drug celecoxib - and its non-COX2-inhibiting analogue, dimethyl-celecoxib - stimulated the PI3K/Akt-integrin α5β1 axis and restored airway epithelial repair in cells from children with wheeze. When compared with published clinical data sets, the identified transcriptomic signature was also associated with viral-induced wheeze exacerbations highlighting the clinical potential of such therapy. Collectively, these results identify airway epithelial restitution via targeting the PI3K-integrin α5β1 axis as a potentially novel therapeutic avenue for childhood wheeze and asthma. We propose that the next step in the therapeutic development process should be a proof-of-concept clinical trial, since relevant animal models to test the crucial underlying premise are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Iosifidis
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erika N Sutanto
- Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alysia G Buckley
- Centre of Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Laura Coleman
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erin E Gill
- Center for Microbial Diseases Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy H Lee
- Center for Microbial Diseases Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kak-Ming Ling
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jessica Hillas
- Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Looi
- Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Luke W Garratt
- Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly M Martinovich
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole C Shaw
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel T Montgomery
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Yuliya V Karpievitch
- Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Le Souëf
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ingrid A Laing
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Francis J Lannigan
- School of Medicine, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul J Rigby
- Centre of Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert Ew Hancock
- Center for Microbial Diseases Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephen M Stick
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Division of Pediatrics and.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute Respiratory Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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Increased Ratio of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)/Tissue Inhibitor Metalloproteinase-1 from Alveolar Macrophages in Chronic Asthma with a Fast Decline in FEV 1 at 5-Year Follow-up. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091451. [PMID: 31547356 PMCID: PMC6780991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic asthma is associated with progressive airway remodeling, which may contribute to declining lung function. An increase in matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9)/tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) may indicate airway inflammation and bronchial injury. Bronchial biopsy specimens and alveolar macrophages (AMs) were obtained from patients with asthma under regular treatment with inhaled corticosteroids or combination therapy and normal subjects (n = 10). Asthmatics included those with a slow forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) decline (<30 mL/year, n = 13) and those with a fast FEV1 decline (≥30 mL/year, n = 8) in 5-year follow-up. Immunostaining expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was detected in airway tissues. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was measured from AMs cultured for 24 h. After the 5-year treatment, the methacholine airway hyperresponsiveness of the slow FEV1 decline group was decreased, but that of the fast FEV1 decline group was increased (PC20, provocative concentration causing a 20% decrease in FEV1, 3.12 ± 1.10 to 1.14 ± 0.34 mg/dL, p < 0.05). AMs of asthma with a fast FEV1 decline released a higher level of MMP-9 (8.52 ± 3.53 pg/mL, p < 0.05) than those of a slow FEV1 decline (0.99 ± 0.20 pg/mL). The MMP-9/TIMP ratio in the fast FEV1 decline group (0.089 ± 0.032) was higher than that of the slow FEV1 decline group (0.007 ± 0.001, p < 0.01). The annual FEV1 decline in 5 years was proportional to the level of MMP-9 (r = 57, p < 0.01) and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (r = 0.58, p < 0.01). The airways of asthma with greater yearly decline in FEV1 showed an increased thickness of submucosa and strong expression of MMP-9. An increase in MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 in airways or AMs could be indicators of chronic airway inflammation and contribute to a greater decline in lung function of patients with chronic asthma.
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10
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Roach DJ, Ruangnapa K, Fleck RJ, Rattan MS, Zhang Y, Hossain MM, Guilbert TW, Woods JC. Structural lung abnormalities on computed tomography correlate with asthma inflammation in bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid. J Asthma 2019; 57:968-979. [PMID: 31187669 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1622714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Image scoring systems have been developed to assess the severity of specific lung abnormalities in patients diagnosed with various pulmonary diseases except for asthma. A comprehensive asthma imaging scoring system may identify specific abnormalities potentially linking these to inflammatory phenotypes.Methods: Computed tomography (CT) images of 88 children with asthma (50 M/38 F, mean age 7.8 ± 5.4 years) acquired within 12 months of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) sampling that assessed airway inflammation cell types were reviewed along with CT images of 49 controls (27 M/22 F, mean age 3.4 ± 2.2 years). Images were scored using a comprehensive scoring system to quantify bronchiectasis (BR), bronchial wall thickening (BWT), ground glass opacity, mucus plugging (MP), consolidations, linear densities (LD), and air trapping (AT). Each category was scored 0-2 in each of six lobar regions (with lingula separated from left upper lobe).Results: Absolute average overall scores of the controls and children with asthma were 0.72 ± 1.59 and 5.39 ± 5.83, respectively (P < 0.0001). Children with asthma scored significantly higher for BR (N = 20, 0.33 ± 0.80, P = 0.0002), BWT (N = 28, 0.72 ± 1.40, P < 0.0001), MP (N = 28, 0.37 ± 1.12, P = 0.0052), consolidation (N = 31, 0.67 ± 1.22, P < 0.0001), LD (N = 58, 1.12 ± 1.44, P < 0.0001), and AT (N = 52, 1.78 ± 2.31, P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the BR score of children with positive inflammatory response in BALF (N = 53) and those who were negative for airway inflammation cells (0.14 ± 0.36, P = 0.040).Conclusions: Significant lung structural abnormalities were readily identified on CT of children with asthma, with image differentiation of those with an inflammatory response on BALF. Chest imaging demonstrates potential as a noninvasive clinical tool for additional characterization of asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Roach
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kanokpan Ruangnapa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Robert J Fleck
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mantosh S Rattan
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Md Monir Hossain
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Theresa W Guilbert
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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11
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Huang H, Lu H, Liang L, Zhi Y, Huo B, Wu L, Xu L, Shen Z. MicroRNA-744 Inhibits Proliferation of Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Regulating Smad3 Pathway via Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in Severe Asthma. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2159-2168. [PMID: 30903795 PMCID: PMC6441316 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial epithelial cells proliferation plays a pivotal role in airway remodeling in children with severe asthma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have gained great attention for many diseases, including asthma. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms that underlie miR-744 modulating bronchial epithelial cells proliferation in severe asthma in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bronchial epithelial cells were isolated from bronchial biopsies of normal controls and asthmatic subjects. miR-744 and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) expressions were measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), phosphorylation or total of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog3 (Smad3) and production of Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) were measured via Western blot analysis. A link between miR-744 and TGF-ß1 was probed by luciferase activity and RNA immunoprecipitation. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. RESULTS Severe asthma showed a significantly elevated cell proliferation rate and reduced abundance of miR-744, which in turn inhibited cell proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells. In particular, TGF-ß1 might be a candidate target of miR-744, and enrichment of miR-744 lowered the expression of TGF-ß1 at mRNA and protein levels. Indeed, overexpression of miR-744 lowered the proliferation rate of bronchial epithelial cells via driving TGF-ß1. Moreover, addition of miR-744 limited phosphorylation of Smad3 but reversed SARA protein abundance by regulating TGF-ß1. CONCLUSIONS The presence of miR-744 repressed bronchial epithelial cells proliferation through mediating the Smad3 pathway by modulating TGF-ß1, providing a promising therapeutic approach for epithelial function in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Hongxia Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Lihong Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Yueli Zhi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Beibei Huo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhaobo Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
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12
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Looi K, Buckley AG, Rigby PJ, Garratt LW, Iosifidis T, Zosky GR, Larcombe AN, Lannigan FJ, Ling KM, Martinovich KM, Kicic-Starcevich E, Shaw NC, Sutanto EN, Knight DA, Kicic A, Stick SM. Effects of human rhinovirus on epithelial barrier integrity and function in children with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:513-524. [PMID: 29350877 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial epithelial tight junctions (TJ) have been extensively assessed in healthy airway epithelium. However, no studies have yet assessed the effect of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection on the expression and resultant barrier function in epithelial tight junctions (TJ) in childhood asthma. OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of HRV infection on airway epithelial TJ expression and barrier function in airway epithelial cells (AECs) of children with and without asthma. Furthermore, to test the hypothesis that barrier integrity and function is compromised to a greater extent by HRV in AECs from asthmatic children. METHODS Primary AECs were obtained from children with and without asthma, differentiated into air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures and infected with rhinovirus. Expression of claudin-1, occludin and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) was assessed via qPCR, immunocytochemistry (ICC), in-cell western (ICW) and confocal microscopy. Barrier function was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER; RT ) and permeability to fluorescent dextran. RESULTS Basal TJ gene expression of claudin-1 and occludin was significantly upregulated in asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatics; however, no difference was seen with ZO-1. Interestingly, claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 protein expression was significantly reduced in AEC of asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatic controls suggesting possible post-transcriptional inherent differences. HRV infection resulted in a transient dissociation of TJ and airway barrier integrity in non-asthmatic children. Although similar dissociation of TJ was observed in asthmatic children, a significant and sustained reduction in TJ expression concurrent with both a significant decrease in TER and an increase in permeability in asthmatic children was observed. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates novel intrinsic differences in TJ gene and protein expression between AEC of children with and without asthma. Furthermore, it correlates directly the relationship between HRV infection and the resultant dissociation of epithelial TJ that causes a continued altered barrier function in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Looi
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - A G Buckley
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (CMCA), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - P J Rigby
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (CMCA), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - L W Garratt
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - T Iosifidis
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - G R Zosky
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hohart, TAS, Australia
| | - A N Larcombe
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Occupation and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - F J Lannigan
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - K-M Ling
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - K M Martinovich
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - E Kicic-Starcevich
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - N C Shaw
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - E N Sutanto
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - D A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Kicic
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Occupation and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S M Stick
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Pham DL, Trinh TH, Ban GY, Kim SH, Park HS. Epithelial folliculin is involved in airway inflammation in workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e395. [PMID: 29147010 PMCID: PMC5704188 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure can directly activate and damage airway epithelium. Folliculin (FLCN) is a protein expressed by human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) to maintain airway epithelial integrity and survival. This study investigated the involvement of FLCN in the pathogenesis of TDI-induced occupational asthma (OA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum levels of FLCN in TDI-exposed subjects (93 TDI-OA patients and 119 asymptomatic exposed controls (AEC)), 200 non-occupational asthma (NOA) patients and 71 unexposed healthy normal controls (NCs). Significantly more subjects in the TDI-OA and AEC groups had high serum levels of FLCN compared to those in the NOA group (P=0.002 and P=0.001, respectively), all of which were higher than the NC group (all P<0.001). The serum level of FLCN was positively correlated with TDI exposure duration (r=0.251, P=0.027), but was negatively correlated with asthma duration of TDI-OA patients (r=−0.329, P=0.029). TDI-exposed subjects with high FLCN levels had higher serum levels of total IgE than those with lower levels. The effects of TDI exposure on FLCN production was investigated by treating HAECs (A549 cells) with TDI-human serum albumin conjugate, which showed increased expression and release of FLCN and interleukin-8 from HAECs. Co-culture with peripheral blood neutrophils also induced FLCN expression and release from HAECs. In conclusion, TDI exposure and TDI-induced neutrophil recruitment into the airways can activate and stimulate HAECs to produce FLCN, which could be involved in airway inflammation in workers exposed to TDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy L Pham
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tu Hk Trinh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ga-Young Ban
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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14
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Pothoven KL, Norton JE, Suh LA, Carter RG, Harris KE, Biyasheva A, Welch K, Shintani-Smith S, Conley DB, Liu MC, Kato A, Avila PC, Hamid Q, Grammer LC, Peters AT, Kern RC, Tan BK, Schleimer RP. Neutrophils are a major source of the epithelial barrier disrupting cytokine oncostatin M in patients with mucosal airways disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1966-1978.e9. [PMID: 27993536 PMCID: PMC5529124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that oncostatin M (OSM) levels are increased in nasal polyps (NPs) of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), as well as in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, after segmental allergen challenge in allergic asthmatic patients. We also showed in vitro that physiologic levels of OSM impair barrier function in differentiated airway epithelium. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine which hematopoietic or resident cell type or types were the source of the OSM expressed in patients with mucosal airways disease. METHODS Paraffin-embedded NP sections were stained with fluorescence-labeled specific antibodies against OSM, GM-CSF, and hematopoietic cell-specific markers. Live cells were isolated from NPs and matched blood samples for flow cytometric analysis. Neutrophils were isolated from whole blood and cultured with the known OSM inducers GM-CSF and follistatin-like 1, and OSM levels were measured in the supernatants. Bronchial biopsy sections from control subjects, patients with moderate asthma, and patients with severe asthma were stained for OSM and neutrophil elastase. RESULTS OSM staining was observed in NPs, showed colocalization with neutrophil elastase (n = 10), and did not colocalize with markers for eosinophils, macrophages, T cells, or B cells (n = 3-5). Flow cytometric analysis of NPs (n = 9) showed that 5.1% ± 2% of CD45+ cells were OSM+, and of the OSM+ cells, 56% ± 7% were CD16+Siglec-8-, indicating neutrophil lineage. Only 0.6 ± 0.4% of CD45+ events from matched blood samples (n = 5) were OSM+, suggesting that increased OSM levels in patients with CRS was locally stimulated and produced. A majority of OSM+ neutrophils expressed arginase 1 (72.5% ± 12%), suggesting an N2 phenotype. GM-CSF levels were increased in NPs compared with those in control tissue and were sufficient to induce OSM production (P < .001) in peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. OSM+ neutrophils were also observed at increased levels in biopsy specimens from patients with severe asthma. Additionally, OSM protein levels were increased in induced sputum from asthmatic patients compared with that from control subjects (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Neutrophils are a major source of OSM-producing cells in patients with CRS and severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Pothoven
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James E Norton
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roderick G Carter
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathleen E Harris
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Assel Biyasheva
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin Welch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Mark C Liu
- Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Md
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Pedro C Avila
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories of McGill University and McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leslie C Grammer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Anju T Peters
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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15
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Chan TK, Tan WSD, Peh HY, Wong WSF. Aeroallergens Induce Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage and Dampen Antioxidant Responses in Bronchial Epithelial Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:39-47. [PMID: 28526682 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental allergens is a major risk factor for asthma development. Allergens possess proteolytic activity that is capable of disrupting the airway epithelium. Although there is increasing evidence pointing to asthma as an epithelial disease, the underlying mechanism that drives asthma has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the direct DNA damage potential of aeroallergens on human bronchial epithelial cells and elucidated the mechanisms mediating the damage. Human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, directly exposed to house dust mites (HDM) resulted in enhanced DNA damage, as measured by the CometChip and the staining of DNA double-strand break marker, γH2AX. HDM stimulated cellular reactive oxygen species production, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and promoted nitrosative stress. Notably, expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-dependent antioxidant genes was reduced immediately after HDM exposure, suggesting that HDM altered antioxidant responses. HDM exposure also reduced cell proliferation and induced cell death. Importantly, HDM-induced DNA damage can be prevented by the antioxidants glutathione and catalase, suggesting that HDM-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can be neutralized by antioxidants. Mechanistic studies revealed that HDM-induced cellular injury is NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent, and apocynin, a NOX inhibitor, protected cells from double-strand breaks induced by HDM. Our results show that direct exposure of bronchial epithelial cells to HDM leads to the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that damage DNA and induce cytotoxicity. Antioxidants and NOX inhibitors can prevent HDM-induced DNA damage, revealing a novel role for antioxidants and NOX inhibitors in mitigating allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Khee Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore 138602, Singapore; and
| | - W S Daniel Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Hong Yong Peh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - W S Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 117600, Singapore; .,Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore 138602, Singapore
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16
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Lv J, Sun B, Mai Z, Jiang M, Du J. CLDN-1 promoted the epithelial to migration and mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human bronchial epithelial cells via Notch pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:91-98. [PMID: 28316062 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Claudin-1 (CLDN-1) is one of main tight junction components that play an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the effects of CLDN-1 on the migration and EMT induced by TGF-β1 in primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) and BEAS-2B cells have not been clear. The expression of CLDN-1 was quantified by Western blotting in NHBE and BEAS-2B cells. Cell migration and invasion were detected using transwell assays. The expression level of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, α-SMA, and Vimentin was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Here we showed that the protein expression of CLDN-1 was increased exposed to TGF-β1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Knockdown of CLDN-1 using small interfering CLDN-1 RNA (siCLDN-1) prevented the migration and invasion in NHBE and BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, depletion of CLDN-1 promoted the E-cadherin expression and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of N-cadherin, α-SMA, and Vimentin induced by TGF-β1. Furthermore, CLDN-1 silencing resulted in the reduction of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and hairy enhancer of split-1 (Hes-1) in mRNA and protein level. Jagged-1, an activator of Notch signaling pathway, abrogated the protective function of siCLDN-1 in migration and EMT. In conclusion, CLDN-1 promoted the migration and EMT through the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Sun
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhitao Mai
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Jiang
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People's Republic of China
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17
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Airway remodeling in asthma: what really matters. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:551-569. [PMID: 28190087 PMCID: PMC5320023 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is generally quite broadly defined as any change in composition, distribution, thickness, mass or volume and/or number of structural components observed in the airway wall of patients relative to healthy individuals. However, two types of airway remodeling should be distinguished more clearly: (1) physiological airway remodeling, which encompasses structural changes that occur regularly during normal lung development and growth leading to a normal mature airway wall or as an acute and transient response to injury and/or inflammation, which ultimately results in restoration of a normal airway structures; and (2) pathological airway remodeling, which comprises those structural alterations that occur as a result of either disturbed lung development or as a response to chronic injury and/or inflammation leading to persistently altered airway wall structures and function. This review will address a few major aspects: (1) what are reliable quantitative approaches to assess airway remodeling? (2) Are there any indications supporting the notion that airway remodeling can occur as a primary event, i.e., before any inflammatory process was initiated? (3) What is known about airway remodeling being a secondary event to inflammation? And (4), what can we learn from the different animal models ranging from invertebrate to primate models in the study of airway remodeling? Future studies are required addressing particularly pheno-/endotype-specific aspects of airway remodeling using both endotype-specific animal models and “endotyped” human asthmatics. Hopefully, novel in vivo imaging techniques will be further advanced to allow monitoring development, growth and inflammation of the airways already at a very early stage in life.
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Honda K, Wada H, Nakamura M, Nakamoto K, Inui T, Sada M, Koide T, Takata S, Yokoyama T, Saraya T, Kurai D, Ishii H, Goto H, Takizawa H. IL-17A synergistically stimulates TNF-α-induced IL-8 production in human airway epithelial cells: A potential role in amplifying airway inflammation. Exp Lung Res 2016; 42:205-16. [PMID: 27269887 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2016.1190796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports have suggested an involvement of neutrophilic inflammation driven by interleukin (IL)-17 from Th17 cells, especially in severe, refractory asthma. It remains unknown about the possible interactions of this cytokine and other proinflammatory cytokines to direct neutrophilic airway inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the effects of IL-17A, IL-17E, and IL-17F in combination with other stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α on the production and expression of IL-8 in human bronchial epithelial cells. We also studied their effects on other cytokine production. The possible role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways was evaluated by specific inhibitors. We examined the effects of anti-asthma drugs, such as steroids or salmeterol. RESULTS IL-17A alone induced only a minimal effect on IL-8 expression. IL-17A, but not IL-17E or IL-17F, in combination with TNF-α showed a synergistic effect on IL-8 expression. Similar findings were found when combination with IL-1β and IL-17A were used, but such was not the case with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we further found such synergy on GM-CSF production. The synergy with TNF-α and IL-17A was significantly inhibited by MAPKs inhibitors. Corticosteroids such as fluticasone propionate and dexamethasone, but not salmeterol, partially suppressed the IL-17A and TNF-α-induced IL-8 production. CONCLUSIONS IL-17A in the combination with TNF-α or IL-1β showed a synergistic augmenting effect on IL-8 and GM-CSF production in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Honda
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hiroo Wada
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masuo Nakamura
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Keitaro Nakamoto
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Toshiya Inui
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sada
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takashi Koide
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Saori Takata
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takuma Yokoyama
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takeshi Saraya
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurai
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Haruyuki Ishii
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hajime Goto
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hajime Takizawa
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
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Ling KM, Sutanto EN, Iosifidis T, Kicic-Starcevich E, Looi K, Garratt LW, Martinovich KM, Lannigan FJ, Knight DA, Stick SM, Kicic A. Reduced transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the repair of airway epithelial cells of children with asthma. Respirology 2016; 21:1219-26. [PMID: 27221564 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Evidence into the role of TGF-β1 in airway epithelial repair in asthma is still controversial. This study tested the hypothesis that the reduced TGF-β1 levels previously observed in paediatric asthmatic airway epithelial cells directly contribute to the dysregulated repair seen in these cells. METHODS Primary airway epithelial cells (pAEC) from children with asthma (n = 16) and non-asthmatic subjects (n = 20) were isolated, and subcultured for investigation of TGF-β1 gene and protein via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Expression of other associated genes such as integrins αvβ6, αvβ8 and MT1-MMP were also tested. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was employed to assess the role of TGF-β1 during wound repair. RESULTS TGF-β1 gene and protein expression were significantly downregulated in asthmatic pAEC over the course of repair, compared with cells from non-asthmatic children. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of TGF-β1 was also directly implicated in non-asthmatic and asthmatic pAEC proliferation over their quiescent counterparts. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of TGF-β1 compromised repair in non-asthmatic pAEC and exacerbated the dysregulated repair seen in asthmatic pAEC. Expression of major TGF-β1 activators of epithelial cells, integrin αvβ6 and αvβ8 was also measured and there was no difference in αvβ6 gene expression between the two cohorts. Although integrin αvβ8 gene expression was significantly higher in asthmatic pAEC, the expression of MT1-MMP (MMP14) which facilitates the αvβ8 mediated TGF-β1 activation was significantly downregulated. CONCLUSION Our data has highlighted the importance of TGF-β1 in pAEC wound repair in vitro. The significantly lower levels seen in asthmatic pAEC subsequently contributes to the dysregulated repair observed in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kak-Ming Ling
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Erika N Sutanto
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Iosifidis
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Kicic-Starcevich
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Looi
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Luke W Garratt
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly M Martinovich
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francis J Lannigan
- School of Medicine, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen M Stick
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. .,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. .,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
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Clifford HD, Perks KL, Zosky GR. Geogenic PM₁₀ exposure exacerbates responses to influenza infection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 533:275-282. [PMID: 26172594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure has been linked epidemiologically to exacerbations of lung disease, including respiratory infections. We investigated the effects of geogenic (earth-derived) PM10 (PM<10 μm diameter) on the response to a respiratory viral infection. Geogenic dust was sampled from four communities in arid environments in Western Australia. Adult female BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to chronic doses of PM10 (10 μg/day for 10 days), and/or infected with influenza (A/Mem/1/71) virus. Inflammation (cells, IL-6, IFN-γ) was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage. Lung mechanics were measured using the forced oscillation technique. Geogenic PM10 induced lung inflammation (neutrophils, macrophages) with additive effects in mice also infected with influenza. PM10 also modified the influenza-induced IL-6 and IFN-γ responses. Geogenic PM10 increased airway resistance, and increased hysteresivity in those exposed to both insults. Viral titres were significantly higher after PM10 exposure. Iron concentration was inversely associated with IFN-γ and positively associated with viral titre and hysteresivity. Geogenic PM10 exposure increases inflammation, impairs lung function and increases viral load, exacerbating the response to respiratory viral infection. Iron in the particles may be a driver of these responses. This has important implications for respiratory health in communities exposed to high geogenic PM10, such as those in arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly D Clifford
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Kara L Perks
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Graeme R Zosky
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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21
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Pothoven KL, Norton JE, Hulse KE, Suh LA, Carter RG, Rocci E, Harris KE, Shintani-Smith S, Conley DB, Chandra RK, Liu MC, Kato A, Gonsalves N, Grammer LC, Peters AT, Kern RC, Bryce PJ, Tan BK, Schleimer RP. Oncostatin M promotes mucosal epithelial barrier dysfunction, and its expression is increased in patients with eosinophilic mucosal disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:737-746.e4. [PMID: 25840724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial barrier dysfunction is thought to play a role in many mucosal diseases, including asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and eosinophilic esophagitis. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the role of oncostatin M (OSM) in epithelial barrier dysfunction in human mucosal disease. METHODS OSM expression was measured in tissue extracts, nasal secretions, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The effects of OSM stimulation on barrier function of normal human bronchial epithelial cells and nasal epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface were assessed by using transepithelial electrical resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran flux. Dual-color immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the integrity of tight junction structures in cultured epithelial cells. RESULTS Analysis of samples from patients with CRS showed that OSM mRNA and protein levels were highly increased in nasal polyps compared with those seen in control uncinate tissue (P < .05). OSM levels were also increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of allergic asthmatic patients after segmental allergen challenge and in esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. OSM stimulation of air-liquid interface cultures resulted in reduced barrier function, as measured by decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and increased fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran flux (P < .05). Alterations in barrier function by OSM were reversible, and the viability of epithelial cells was unaffected. OSM levels in lysates of nasal polyps and uncinate tissue positively correlated with levels of α2-macroglobulin, a marker of epithelial leak, in localized nasal secretions (r = 0.4855, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that OSM might play a role in epithelial barrier dysfunction in patients with CRS and other mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Pothoven
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James E Norton
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathryn E Hulse
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roderick G Carter
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Erin Rocci
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathleen E Harris
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Rakesh K Chandra
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Mark C Liu
- Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, Md
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Nirmala Gonsalves
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Leslie C Grammer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Anju T Peters
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Paul J Bryce
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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22
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Hui CCK, Murphy DM, Neighbour H, Al-Sayegh M, O'Byrne S, Thong B, Denburg JA, Larché M. T cell-mediated induction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in differentiated human primary bronchial epithelial cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:953-64. [PMID: 24773145 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhaled peptide challenge has been shown to induce T cell-mediated, isolated late asthmatic reaction (LAR), characterized by recruitment of CD4(+) T cells and increased levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC; CCL17). Epithelial-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has been shown to modulate dendritic cell function to promote TH 2 responses via CCL17 production. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the mechanisms involved in allergen-specific T cell-induced LAR and recruitment of CD4(+) T cells by examining the effects of T cell-derived factors on the induction of TSLP in primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC). METHODS PBEC grown at air-liquid interface from healthy individuals and patients with asthma were stimulated with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or supernatants from activated allergen-specific T cells. TSLP was measured in PBEC culture supernatants. Neutralizing antibodies and signalling inhibitors were used to examine the mechanisms responsible for the induction of epithelial-derived TSLP. The functional activity of PBEC-derived TSLP was measured using a bioassay involving the induction of CCL17 production from monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC). RESULTS Both dsRNA and allergen-specific T cells induced enhanced TSLP secretion from asthmatic PBEC compared to healthy PBEC. Activated PBEC culture supernatant induced TSLP-dependent CCL17 production from moDC in a manner related to clinical asthmatic status. IL-1β, IL-6, and CXCL8, rather than TH 2 cytokines (IL-4/5/13), appeared to be the principle mediators of allergen-specific T cell-dependent induction of epithelial-derived TSLP, which was regulated by the MEK, MAPK, and NFκB pathways. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data reveal a novel effect of allergen-specific T cells as a positive regulator of TSLP production by epithelial cells, suggesting T cell-airway epithelium interactions that may lead to maintenance and amplification of allergic inflammation. TSLP is currently a candidate for therapeutic intervention in asthma, but the factors that drive TSLP expression (T cell-derived factors) may be equally relevant in the treatment of allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C K Hui
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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23
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Haj-Salem I, Fakhfakh R, Bérubé JC, Jacques E, Plante S, Simard MJ, Bossé Y, Chakir J. MicroRNA-19a enhances proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells by targeting TGFβR2 gene in severe asthma. Allergy 2015; 70:212-9. [PMID: 25443138 DOI: 10.1111/all.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is characterized by inflammation and airway remodeling. Bronchial epithelium is considered a key player in coordinating airway wall remodeling. In mild asthma, the epithelium is damaged and fails to proliferate and to repair, whereas in severe asthma, the epithelium is highly proliferative and thicker. This may be due to different regulatory mechanisms. The purpose of our study was to determine the role of miRNAs in regulating proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells obtained from severe asthmatic subjects in comparison with cells obtained from mild asthmatics and healthy controls. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) were isolated by bronchoscopy from bronchial biopsies of healthy donors and patients with mild and severe asthma. MiRNA expression was evaluated using the TaqMan low-density arrays and qRT-PCR. Transfection studies of bronchial epithelial cells were performed to determine the target genes. Cell proliferation was evaluated by BrdU incorporation test. RESULTS MiR-19a was upregulated in epithelia of severe asthmatic subjects compared with cells from mild asthmatics and healthy controls. Functional studies based on luciferase reporter and Western blot assays suggest that miR-19a enhances cell proliferation of BEC in severe asthma through targeting TGF-β receptor 2 mRNA. Moreover, repressed expression of miR-19a increased SMAD3 phosphorylation through TGF-β receptor 2 signaling and abrogated BEC proliferation. CONCLUSION Our study uncovers a new regulatory pathway involving miR-19a that is critical to the severe phenotype of asthma and indicates that downregulating miR-19a expression could be explored as a potential new therapy to modulate epithelium repair in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Haj-Salem
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - R. Fakhfakh
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - J.-C. Bérubé
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - E. Jacques
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - S. Plante
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - M. J. Simard
- St-Patrick Research Group in Basic Oncology; Hôtel-Dieu de Québec (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec); Laval University; Cancer Research Center; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - Y. Bossé
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
| | - J. Chakir
- Centre de recherche; Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec; Université Laval; Quebec City Québec Canada
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Wang J, Zhang T, Ma C, Wang S. Puerarin attenuates airway inflammation by regulation of eotaxin-3. Immunol Lett 2014; 163:173-8. [PMID: 25530546 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin is an isoflavonoid isolated from the root of the plant Pueraria lobata and has been used as a prescribed drug in China for the treatment of many diseases in the clinical practice. The present study aimed to determine the protective effects and the underlying mechanisms of puerarin on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Asthma mice model was established by ovalbumin. A total of 50 mice were randomly assigned to five experimental groups: control, model, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg), and puerarin (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg). Airway resistance (Raw) was measured by the forced oscillation technique, differential cell count in BAL fluid (BALF) was measured by Wright-Giemsa staining, histological assessment was measured by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, BALF levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, eotaxin-3 was evaluated by western blotting. Our study demonstrated that, compared with model group, puerarin inhibited OVA-induced increases in Raw and eosinophil count; interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 levels were recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared; increased IFN-γ level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; histological studies demonstrated that puerarin substantially inhibited OVA-induced eosinophilia in lung tissue compared with model group. Western blotting studies demonstrated that puerarin substantially inhibited eotaxin-3 compared with model group. Our findings support puerarin can prevent some signs of allergic asthma in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shumin Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
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Gao FS, Cao TM, Gao YY, Liu MJ, Liu YQ, Wang Z. Effects of chronic exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus on epidermal growth factor receptor expression in the airway epithelial cells of asthmatic rats. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:298-307. [PMID: 24927409 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.918212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest that increased concentrations of airborne spores of Aspergillus fumigatus closely relate to asthma aggravation. Chronic exposure to A. fumigatus aggravates airway inflammation, remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic rats. The effects of chronic exposure to A. fumigatus on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in the airway epithelial cells of asthmatic rats remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to A. fumigatus on injury and shedding of airway epithelium, goblet cell metaplasia, and EGFR expression in the airway epithelial cells of asthmatic rats. A rat model of chronic asthma was established using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. Rats with chronic asthma were then exposed to long-term inhalation of spores of A. fumigatus, and the dynamic changes in injury and shedding of airway epithelium, goblet cell metaplasia, and EGFR expression were observed and analyzed. Chronic exposure to A. fumigatus could aggravate airway epithelial cell damage, upregulate the expression of EGFR and its ligands EGF and TGF-α, promote goblet cell metaplasia, and increase airway responsiveness in rats with asthma. Chronic exposure to A. fumigatus upregulates the expression of EGFR and its ligands in asthmatic rats. The EGFR pathway may play a role in asthma aggravation induced by exposure to A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, China
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Price OJ, Ansley L, Menzies-Gow A, Cullinan P, Hull JH. Airway dysfunction in elite athletes--an occupational lung disease? Allergy 2013; 68:1343-52. [PMID: 24117544 DOI: 10.1111/all.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Airway dysfunction is prevalent in elite endurance athletes and when left untreated may impact upon both health and performance. There is now concern that the intensity of hyperpnoea necessitated by exercise at an elite level may be detrimental for an athlete's respiratory health. This article addresses the evidence of causality in this context with the aim of specifically addressing whether airway dysfunction in elite athletes should be classified as an occupational lung disease. The approach used highlights a number of concerns and facilitates recommendations to ensure airway health is maintained and optimized in this population. We conclude that elite athletes should receive the same considerations for their airway health as others with potential and relevant occupational exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. J. Price
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Northumbria University; Newcastle UK
| | - L. Ansley
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Northumbria University; Newcastle UK
| | - A. Menzies-Gow
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Royal Brompton Hospital; London UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - P. Cullinan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Royal Brompton Hospital; London UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - J. H. Hull
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences; Northumbria University; Newcastle UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine; Royal Brompton Hospital; London UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
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Shen Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang X, Chen Z, Jin M, Bai C. Lipopolysaccharide decreases aquaporin 5, but not aquaporin 3 or aquaporin 4, expression in human primary bronchial epithelial cells. Respirology 2013; 17:1144-9. [PMID: 22809117 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in expression of aquaporins (AQP) during differentiation of human bronchial epithelial cells and the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in AQP expression. METHODS The levels of AQP3, AQP4 and AQP5 transcripts in human primary cultured bronchial epithelial cells were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction at different time points before and after treatment with LPS. Western blotting was performed to assess the effects of LPS on AQP3, AQP4 and AQP5 expressions in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Using pharmacological tools, the pathways involved in the regulation of LPS-induced changes in AQP5 were further explored. RESULTS The levels of AQP3, AQP4 and AQP5 transcripts were increased during differentiation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Expression of AQP5, but not AQP3 or AQP4, was downregulated by LPS. LPS-induced downregulation of AQP5 was inhibited by p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that LPS decreases AQP5, but not AQP3 or AQP4, expression in human primary bronchial epithelial cells. The downregulation of AQP5 expression is mediated through a p38/JNK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ramakrishna L, de Vries VC, Curotto de Lafaille MA. Cross-roads in the lung: immune cells and tissue interactions as determinants of allergic asthma. Immunol Res 2012; 53:213-28. [PMID: 22447350 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic disease of the lung characterized by underlying Th2- and IgE-mediated inflammation, structural alterations of the bronchial wall, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Initial allergic sensitization and later development of chronic disease are determined by close interactions between lung structural cells and the resident and migratory immune cells in the lung. Epithelial cells play a crucial role in allergic sensitization by directly influencing dendritic cells induction of tolerant or effector T cells and production of type 2 cytokines by innate immune cells. During chronic disease, the bronchial epithelium, stroma, and smooth muscle become structurally and functionally altered, contributing to the perpetuation of tissue remodeling. Thus, targeting tissue-driven pathology in addition to inflammation may increase the effectiveness of asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Ramakrishna
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove, #4-06 Immunos, Singapore
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Lederlin M, Ozier A, Dournes G, Ousova O, Girodet PO, Begueret H, Marthan R, Montaudon M, Laurent F, Berger P. In vivo micro-CT assessment of airway remodeling in a flexible OVA-sensitized murine model of asthma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48493. [PMID: 23119036 PMCID: PMC3484051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a major pathological feature of asthma. Up to now, its quantification still requires invasive methods. In this study, we aimed at determining whether in vivo micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is able to demonstrate allergen-induced airway remodeling in a flexible mouse model of asthma. Sixty Balb/c mice were challenged intranasally with ovalbumin or saline at 3 different endpoints (Days 35, 75, and 110). All mice underwent plethysmography at baseline and just prior to respiratory-gated micro-CT. Mice were then sacrificed to assess bronchoalveolar lavage and lung histology. From micro-CT images (voxel size = 46×46×46 µm), the numerical values of total lung attenuation, peribronchial attenuation (PBA), and PBA normalized by total lung attenuation were extracted. Each parameter was compared between OVA and control mice and correlation coefficients were calculated between micro-CT and histological data. As compared to control animals, ovalbumin-sensitized mice exhibited inflammation alone (Day 35), remodeling alone (Day 110) or both inflammation and remodeling (Day 75). Normalized PBA was significantly greater in mice exhibiting bronchial remodeling either alone or in combination with inflammation. Normalized PBA correlated with various remodeling markers such as bronchial smooth muscle size or peribronchial fibrosis. These findings suggest that micro-CT may help monitor remodeling non-invasively in asthmatic mice when testing new drugs targeting airway remodeling in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lederlin
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, France.
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Röschmann KIL, van Kuijen AM, Luiten S, Jonker MJ, Breit TM, Fokkens WJ, Petersen A, van Drunen CM. Comparison of Timothy grass pollen extract- and single major allergen-induced gene expression and mediator release in airway epithelial cells: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1479-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. I. L. Röschmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - A.-M. van Kuijen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - S. Luiten
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - M. J. Jonker
- Microarray Department and Integrative Bioinformatics Unit; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - T. M. Breit
- Microarray Department and Integrative Bioinformatics Unit; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - W. J. Fokkens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - A. Petersen
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology; Research Center Borstel; Borstel; Germany
| | - C. M. van Drunen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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31
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Stefanowicz D, Hackett TL, Garmaroudi FS, Günther OP, Neumann S, Sutanto EN, Ling KM, Kobor MS, Kicic A, Stick SM, Paré PD, Knight DA. DNA methylation profiles of airway epithelial cells and PBMCs from healthy, atopic and asthmatic children. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44213. [PMID: 22970180 PMCID: PMC3435400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic inflammation is commonly observed in a number of conditions that are associated with atopy including asthma, eczema and rhinitis. However, the genetic, environmental or epigenetic factors involved in these conditions are likely to be different. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, can be influenced by the environment and result in changes to gene expression. OBJECTIVES To characterize the DNA methylation pattern of airway epithelial cells (AECs) compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to discern differences in methylation within each cell type amongst healthy, atopic and asthmatic subjects. METHODS PBMCs and AECs from bronchial brushings were obtained from children undergoing elective surgery for non-respiratory conditions. The children were categorized as atopic, atopic asthmatic, non-atopic asthmatic or healthy controls. Extracted DNA was bisulfite treated and 1505 CpG loci across 807 genes were analyzed using the Illumina GoldenGate Methylation Cancer Panel I. Gene expression for a subset of genes was performed using RT-PCR. RESULTS We demonstrate a signature set of CpG sites that are differentially methylated in AECs as compared to PBMCs regardless of disease phenotype. Of these, 13 CpG sites were specific to healthy controls, 8 sites were only found in atopics, and 6 CpGs were unique to asthmatics. We found no differences in the methylation status of PBMCs between disease phenotypes. In AECs derived from asthmatics compared to atopics, 8 differentially methylated sites were identified including CpGs in STAT5A and CRIP1. We demonstrate STAT5A gene expression is decreased whereas CRIP1 gene expression is elevated in the AECs from asthmatic compared to both healthy and atopic subjects. DISCUSSION We characterized a cell specific DNA methylation signature for AECs compared to PBMCs regardless of asthmatic or atopic status. Our data highlight the importance of understanding DNA methylation in the epithelium when studying the epithelial contribution to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Stefanowicz
- James Hogg Research Centre at the Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tillie-Louise Hackett
- James Hogg Research Centre at the Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Farshid S. Garmaroudi
- James Hogg Research Centre at the Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Oliver P. Günther
- Prevention of Organ Failure Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Neumann
- Department of Medical Genetics Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Erika N. Sutanto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kak-Ming Ling
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael S. Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen M. Stick
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter D. Paré
- James Hogg Research Centre at the Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Darryl A. Knight
- James Hogg Research Centre at the Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Dieudonné A, Torres D, Blanchard S, Taront S, Jeannin P, Delneste Y, Pichavant M, Trottein F, Gosset P. Scavenger receptors in human airway epithelial cells: role in response to double-stranded RNA. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41952. [PMID: 22879901 PMCID: PMC3413698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Scavenger receptors and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) cooperate in response to danger signals to adjust the host immune response. The TLR3 agonist double stranded (ds)RNA is an efficient activator of innate signalling in bronchial epithelial cells. In this study, we aimed at defining the role played by scavenger receptors expressed by bronchial epithelial cells in the control of the innate response to dsRNA both in vitro and in vivo. Expression of several scavenger receptor involved in pathogen recognition was first evaluated in human bronchial epithelial cells in steady-state and inflammatory conditions. Their implication in the uptake of dsRNA and the subsequent cell activation was evaluated in vitro by competition with ligand of scavenger receptors including maleylated ovalbumin and by RNA silencing. The capacity of maleylated ovalbumin to modulate lung inflammation induced by dsRNA was also investigated in mice. Exposure to tumor necrosis factor-α increased expression of the scavenger receptors LOX-1 and CXCL16 and the capacity to internalize maleylated ovalbumin, whereas activation by TLR ligands did not. In contrast, the expression of SR-B1 was not modulated in these conditions. Interestingly, supplementation with maleylated ovalbumin limited dsRNA uptake and inhibited subsequent activation of bronchial epithelial cells. RNA silencing of LOX-1 and SR-B1 strongly blocked the dsRNA-induced cytokine production. Finally, administration of maleylated ovalbumin in mice inhibited the dsRNA-induced infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar spaces and lung draining lymph nodes. Together, our data characterize the function of SR-B1 and LOX-1 in bronchial epithelial cells and their implication in dsRNA-induced responses, a finding that might be relevant during respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Dieudonné
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 142, Lille, France
- Service d’Hématologie-Immunologie-Cytogénétique, CH de Valenciennes, Valenciennes, France
| | - David Torres
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 142, Lille, France
| | - Simon Blanchard
- LUNAM Université, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- Inserm, Unit 892, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers, Nantes, France
- CNRS, Unit 6299, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, CHU Angers, Laboratoire d’Immunologie et d’Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Solenne Taront
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Genomic and metabolic diseases, CNRS UMR8199, IBL, Lille, France
| | - Pascale Jeannin
- LUNAM Université, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- Inserm, Unit 892, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers, Nantes, France
- CNRS, Unit 6299, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, CHU Angers, Laboratoire d’Immunologie et d’Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Yves Delneste
- LUNAM Université, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- Inserm, Unit 892, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers, Nantes, France
- CNRS, Unit 6299, Angers, France
- Université d’Angers, CHU Angers, Laboratoire d’Immunologie et d’Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Muriel Pichavant
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 142, Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 142, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8204, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 142, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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Exhaled breath condensate MMP-9 level and its relationship wıth asthma severity and interleukin-4/10 levels in children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 108:300-4. [PMID: 22541398 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2012.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are key mediators in airway remodeling, and MMP- 9 is the main type investigated to discover its implication for the pathogenesis and severity of asthma. OBJECTIVE To evaluate MMP-9 and its natural tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) levels of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in children with asthma. We also analyzed any potential relationship between these enzymes and EBC interleukin (IL)-4/10 levels as well as asthma severity. METHODS Three study groups were formed: group 1, children with persistent asthma (n = 20); group 2, children with intermittent asthma (n = 10), and group 3, healthy controls (n = 12). Pulmonary functions were measured as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow from 25% to 75% of vital capacity values by spirometry, and MMP-9, TIMP-1 and IL-4/10 levels in EBC were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The MMP-9 levels of EBC were found to be 57.7 ± 17.5, 35.4 ± 11.7, and 30.6 ± 3.7 ng/mL in children belonging to group 1, group 2 and group 3, respectively. Children belonging to group 1 and group 2 showed significantly higher MMP-9 levels of EBC in comparison with the controls (P < .001 and P = .047, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding TIMP-1 levels of EBC. EBC MMP-9 levels were inversely correlated with both FEV(1) and PEF values (r = -0.472, P = .011, and r = -0.571, P = .002, respectively) in children with asthma. Positive correlations were also seen between MMP-9 levels and IL-4/10 levels of EBC (r = 0.419, P = .027 and r = 0.405, P = .032, respectively) in children with asthma. CONCLUSION We showed that MMP-9 levels of EBC are elevated in children with asthma and correlated with lung functions and other inflammatory markers such as IL-4/IL10 in EBC.
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Lummus ZL, Wisnewski AV, Bernstein DI. Pathogenesis and disease mechanisms of occupational asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2012; 31:699-716, vi. [PMID: 21978852 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Occupational asthma (OA) is one of the most common forms of work-related lung disease in all industrialized nations. The clinical management of patients with OA depends on an understanding of the multifactorial pathogenetic mechanisms that can contribute to this disease. This article discusses the various immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms and genetic susceptibility factors that drive the inflammatory processes of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zana L Lummus
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3255 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0563, USA
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Waters CM, Roan E, Navajas D. Mechanobiology in lung epithelial cells: measurements, perturbations, and responses. Compr Physiol 2012; 2:1-29. [PMID: 23728969 PMCID: PMC4457445 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells of the lung are located at the interface between the environment and the organism and serve many important functions including barrier protection, fluid balance, clearance of particulate, initiation of immune responses, mucus and surfactant production, and repair following injury. Because of the complex structure of the lung and its cyclic deformation during the respiratory cycle, epithelial cells are exposed to continuously varying levels of mechanical stresses. While normal lung function is maintained under these conditions, changes in mechanical stresses can have profound effects on the function of epithelial cells and therefore the function of the organ. In this review, we will describe the types of stresses and strains in the lungs, how these are transmitted, and how these may vary in human disease or animal models. Many approaches have been developed to better understand how cells sense and respond to mechanical stresses, and we will discuss these approaches and how they have been used to study lung epithelial cells in culture. Understanding how cells sense and respond to changes in mechanical stresses will contribute to our understanding of the role of lung epithelial cells during normal function and development and how their function may change in diseases such as acute lung injury, asthma, emphysema, and fibrosis.
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Abstract
The airway epithelium functions as a barrier and front line of host defense in the lung. Apoptosis or programmed cell death can be elicited in the epithelium as a response to viral infection, exposure to allergen or to environmental toxins, or to drugs. While apoptosis can be induced via activation of death receptors on the cell surface or by disruption of mitochondrial polarity, epithelial cells compared to inflammatory cells are more resistant to apoptotic stimuli. This paper focuses on the response of airway epithelium to apoptosis in the normal state, apoptosis as a potential regulator of the number and types of epithelial cells in the airway, and the contribution of epithelial cell apoptosis in important airways diseases.
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Hackett TL, Singhera GK, Shaheen F, Hayden P, Jackson GR, Hegele RG, Van Eeden S, Bai TR, Dorscheid DR, Knight DA. Intrinsic Phenotypic Differences of Asthmatic Epithelium and Its Inflammatory Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Air Pollution. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 45:1090-100. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0031oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Lee MY, Shin IS, Seo CS, Ha H, Shin HK. Antiasthmatic effects of Gleditsia sinensis in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of asthma. Int J Toxicol 2011; 30:528-37. [PMID: 21908652 DOI: 10.1177/1091581811412398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antiasthmatic effects of Gleditsia sinensis ethanolic extract (GSEE) and its underlying mechanisms, using an in vivo murine model of asthma. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized, challenged with ovalbumin, and then examined for asthmatic reactions. The results showed that GSEE exerted profound inhibitory effects on the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways and reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in BALF and plasma. Gleditsia sinensis ethanolic extract also suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species in BALF and inflammatory infiltration, in a dose-dependent manner, and it inhibited goblet-cell hyperplasia in lung tissue. Thus, GSEE shows antiasthmatic effects in a murine model of allergic asthma, which appeared to be mediated partially by the reduction of oxidative stress and airway inflammation. These results indicate that GSEE could be an effective novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yusung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Wang Y, Moreland M, Wagner JG, Ames BN, Illek B, Peden DB, Jiang Q. Vitamin E forms inhibit IL-13/STAT6-induced eotaxin-3 secretion by up-regulation of PAR4, an endogenous inhibitor of atypical PKC in human lung epithelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:602-8. [PMID: 21764283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Eotaxin-3 (CCL-26), a potent chemokine for eosinophil recruitment and contributing significantly to the pathogenesis of asthma, is secreted by lung epithelial cells in response to T helper 2 cytokines including interleukin 13 (IL-13). Here we showed that vitamin E forms, but not their metabolites, differentially inhibited IL-13-stimulated generation of eotaxin-3 in human lung epithelial A549 cells. The relative inhibitory potency was γ-tocotrienol (γ-TE) (IC50 ~15 μM)>γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol (IC50 ~25-50 μM)>α-tocopherol. Consistent with suppression of eotaxin, γ-TE treatment impaired IL-13-induced phosphorylation of STAT6, the key transcription factor for activation of eotaxin expression, and consequently blocked IL-13-stimulated DNA-binding activity of STAT6. In search of the upstream target of γTE by using inhibitor and siRNA approaches, we discovered that the atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) signaling, instead of classical PKC, p38 MAPK, JNK or ERK, played a critical role in IL-13-stimulated eotaxin generation and STAT6 activation. While showing no obvious effect on aPKC expression or phosphorylation, γ-TE treatment resulted in increased expression of prostate-apoptosis-response 4 (PAR4), an endogenous negative regulator of aPKCs. Importantly, γ-TE treatment led to enhanced formation of aPKC/PAR4 complex that is known to reduce aPKC activity via protein-protein crosstalk. Our study demonstrated that γ-TE inhibited IL-13/STAT6-activated eotaxin secretion via up-regulation of PAR4 expression and enhancement of aPKC-PAR4 complex formation. These results support the notion that specific vitamin E forms may be useful anti-asthmatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, Stone Hall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Ckless K, Hodgkins SR, Ather JL, Martin R, Poynter ME. Epithelial, dendritic, and CD4(+) T cell regulation of and by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in allergic sensitization. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1810:1025-34. [PMID: 21397661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While many of the contributing cell types and mediators of allergic asthma are known, less well understood are the factors that induce allergy in the first place. Amongst the mediators speculated to affect initial allergen sensitization and the development of pathogenic allergic responses to innocuous inhaled antigens and allergens are exogenously or endogenously generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). SCOPE OF REVIEW The interactions between ROS/RNS, dendritic cells (DCs), and CD4(+) T cells, as well as their modulation by lung epithelium, are of critical importance for the genesis of allergies that later manifest in allergic asthma. Therefore, this review will primarily focus on the initiation of pulmonary allergies and the role that ROS/RNS may play in the steps therein, using examples from our own work on the roles of NO(2) exposure and airway epithelial NF-κB activation. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Endogenously generated ROS/RNS and those encountered from environmental sources interact with epithelium, DCs, and CD4(+) T cells to orchestrate allergic sensitization through modulation of the activities of each of these cell types, which quantitiatively and qualitatively dictate the degree and type of the allergic asthma phenotype. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Knowledge of the effects of ROS/RNS at the molecular and cellular levels has the potential to provide powerful insight into the balance between inhalational tolerance (the typical immunologic response to an innocuous inhaled antigen) and allergy, as well as to potentially provide mechanistic targets for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ckless
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY, United States
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Lee MY, Seo CS, Lee JA, Lee NH, Kim JH, Ha H, Zheng MS, Son JK, Shin HK. Anti-asthmatic effects of Angelica dahurica against ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation via upregulation of heme oxygenase-1. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 49:829-37. [PMID: 21146576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic immune inflammatory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of an Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker ethanolic extract (AD) on airway inflammation in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation model. Mice that received AD displayed significantly lower airway eosinophilia, cytokine levels, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels, mucus production and immunoglobulin (Ig)E, compared with OVA-induced mice. In our experiments, AD treatment reduced airway inflammation and suppressed oxidative stress in the OVA-induced asthma model, partly via induction of heme oxygenase (HO)-1. The effects of AD on OVA-induced HO-1 induction were partially reversed by the HO-1 inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP). Our results clearly indicate that AD is a suppressor of airway allergic inflammation, and may thus be effectively used as an anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Lee
- Herbal Medicine EBM Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Exporo 483, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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Allahverdian S, Wang A, Singhera GK, Wong BW, Dorscheid DR. Sialyl Lewis X modification of the epidermal growth factor receptor regulates receptor function during airway epithelial wound repair. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40:607-18. [PMID: 20447077 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03455.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a major regulator of airway epithelial cell (AEC) functions such as migration, proliferation and differentiation, which play an essential role in epithelial repair. EGFR is a glycoprotein with 12 potential N-glycosylation sites in its extracellular domain. Glycosylation of EGFR has been shown to modulate its function. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated an important role of the carbohydrate structure sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) in airway epithelial repair. OBJECTIVE To examine whether an sLe(x) decoration of EGFR can modulate receptor function during AEC repair. METHODS Primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were cultured in vitro. Co-localization of sLe(x) and EGFR was examined using confocal microscopy. Expressions of RNA and protein were analysed using RT-PCR and Western blotting. The final step in the synthesis of sLe(x) was catalysed by a specific alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase (FucT-IV). To evaluate the role of sLe(x) in EGFR activation, a knockdown of the FucT-IV gene with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and an inhibitory anti-sLe(x) antibody (KM-93) was used. RESULTS We demonstrated a co-localization of sLe(x) with EGFR on NHBE cells using confocal microscopy. Using a blocking antibody for sLe(x) after a mechanical injury, we observed a reduction in EGFR phosphorylation and epithelial repair following injury. FucT-IV demonstrates a temporal expression coordinate with epithelial repair. Down-regulation of FucT-IV expression in NHBE by specific siRNA suppressed sLe(x) expression. The use of FucT-IV siRNA significantly reduced phosphorylation of EGFR and prevented epithelial repair. An immunohistochemical analysis of human normal and asthmatic airways showed a significant reduction in sLe(x) and tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR (pY(845)-EGFR) in the epithelium of asthmatic subjects compared with that of normal subjects. CONCLUSION The present data demonstrate that sLe(x), in association with EGFR, in NHBE is coordinate with repair. This glycosylation is important in modulating EGFR activity to affect the repair of normal primary AEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Allahverdian
- Department of Medicine, UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Providence Heart+Lung Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Abstract
Proteomic approaches have already been successfully implemented in areas such as cancer research. Surprisingly, only a few proteomics analyses have been published reporting on the protein profiles associated with asthma. Although proteomics has its limitations and experimental challenges, it can successfully contribute to the understanding of a complex disease such as asthma. We have reviewed the current literature that has reported the use of proteomic techniques to identify proteins that may contribute to altered lung function in asthma. Only a few of these studies have used proteomic techniques on human tissues associated with asthma, while most research has been performed with animal models of asthma. Proteomic applications have been used as a complimentary technique to verify the suspected candidate proteins involved in asthma. In addition, novel proteins have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. Future collaboration between the different scientific disciplines using proteomic studies of animal models of asthma and confirmation of these findings in human tissues will significantly contribute to the understanding of the etiology of asthma and lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for this highly prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Osei-Kumah
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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Parker J, Sarlang S, Thavagnanam S, Williamson G, O'donoghue D, Villenave R, Power U, Shields M, Heaney L, Skibinski G. A 3-D well-differentiated model of pediatric bronchial epithelium demonstrates unstimulated morphological differences between asthmatic and nonasthmatic cells. Pediatr Res 2010; 67:17-22. [PMID: 19755931 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181c0b200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for reproducible and effective models of pediatric bronchial epithelium to study disease states such as asthma. We aimed to develop, characterize, and differentiate an effective, an efficient, and a reliable three-dimensional model of pediatric bronchial epithelium to test the hypothesis that children with asthma differ in their epithelial morphologic phenotype when compared with nonasthmatic children. Primary cell cultures from both asthmatic and nonasthmatic children were grown and differentiated at the air-liquid interface for 28 d. Tight junction formation, MUC5AC secretion, IL-8, IL-6, prostaglandin E2 production, and the percentage of goblet and ciliated cells in culture were assessed. Well-differentiated, multilayered, columnar epithelium containing both ciliated and goblet cells from asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects were generated. All cultures demonstrated tight junction formation at the apical surface and exhibited mucus production and secretion. Asthmatic and nonasthmatic cultures secreted similar quantities of IL-8, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2. Cultures developed from asthmatic children contained considerably more goblet cells and fewer ciliated cells compared with those from nonasthmatic children. A well-differentiated model of pediatric epithelium has been developed that will be useful for more in vivo like study of the mechanisms at play during asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Parker
- Centre for Infection and Immunity and School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BN, Northern Ireland
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Kim SR, Lee KS, Park SJ, Min KH, Choe YH, Moon H, Yoo WH, Chae HJ, Han MK, Lee YC. Involvement of sirtuin 1 in airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of allergic airway disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 125:449-460.e14. [PMID: 19864008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by increased expression of multiple inflammatory genes. Acetylation of histones by histone acetyltransferases is associated with increased gene transcription, whereas hypoacetylation induced by histone deacetylases is associated with suppression of gene expression. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a member of the silent information regulator 2 family that belongs to class III histone deacetylase. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of SIRT1 and the related molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of allergic airway disease. METHODS By using a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway disease and murine tracheal epithelial cells, this study investigated the involvement of SIRT1 and its signaling networks in allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. RESULTS In this study with mice after inhalation of OVA, the increased levels of SIRT1, hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha), and vascular endothelial growth factor protein in the lungs after OVA inhalation were decreased substantially by the administration of a SIRT1 inhibitor, sirtinol. We also showed that the administration of sirtinol reduced significantly the increased numbers of inflammatory cells of the airways; airway hyperresponsiveness; increased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13; and increased vascular permeability in the lungs after OVA inhalation. In addition, we have found that inhibition of SIRT1 reduced OVA-induced upregulation of HIF-1alpha in airway epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that inhibition of SIRT1 might attenuate antigen-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness through the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression mediated by HIF-1alpha in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-180, South Korea
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Malmström J, Malmström L, Marko-Varga G. Proteomics: A new research area for the biomedical field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17471060500223910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bacolla A, Wells RD. Non-B DNA conformations as determinants of mutagenesis and human disease. Mol Carcinog 2009; 48:273-85. [PMID: 19306308 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive DNA motifs may fold into non-B DNA structures, including cruciforms/hairpins, triplexes, slipped conformations, quadruplexes, and left-handed Z-DNA, thereby representing chromosomal targets for DNA repair, recombination, and aberrant DNA synthesis leading to repeat expansion or genomic rearrangements associated with neurodegenerative and genomic disorders. Hairpins and quadruplexes also determined the relative abundances of simple sequence repeats (SSR) in vertebrate genomes, whereas strong base stacking has permitted the expansion of purine.pyrimidine-rich SSR during evolutionary time. SSR are enriched in regulatory and cancer-related gene classes, where they have been actively recruited to participate in both gene and protein functions. SSR polymorphic alleles in the population are associated with cancer susceptibility, including within genes that appear to share regulatory circuits involving reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Bacolla
- Center for Genome Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Texas Medical Center,2121 W. Holcombe Blvd.,Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Gao FS, Qiao JO, Zhang Y, Jin XQ. Chronic intranasal administration of Aspergillus fumigatus spores leads to aggravation of airway inflammation and remodelling in asthmatic rats. Respirology 2009; 14:360-70. [PMID: 19207119 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epidemiological evidence indicates a close link between exposure to fungi and deterioration of asthma. However, the role of fungi as an exogenous precipitant for initiation and progression of asthma has been incompletely explored. In this study, the effects of Aspergillus fumigatus exposure on airway inflammation and remodelling in a rat model of chronic asthma were investigated. METHODS The rat model of chronic asthma was established by systemic sensitization and repeated challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). The asthmatic rats were exposed to chronic intranasal inhalation of A. fumigatus spores. Changes in airway inflammation, remodelling and BHR were measured after exposure to the fungus. RESULTS Chronic inhalation of A. fumigatus spores elevated the production of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, increased the concentration of total serum IgE, and resulted in the recruitment of eosinophils and lymphocyte infiltration into the airways of asthmatic rats. Goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus hyperproduction and subepithelial collagen deposition were also induced by inhalation of the fungus. The remodelling changes induced by inhalation of the fungus paralleled the changes in BHR in this rat model of asthma. CONCLUSIONS Chronic exposure to A. fumigatus aggravated Th2 airway inflammation, promoted airway remodelling and increased BHR in OVA-sensitized and -challenged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Riihimäki M, Raine A, Pourazar J, Sandström T, Art T, Lekeux P, Couëtil L, Pringle J. Epithelial expression of mRNA and protein for IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in endobronchial biopsies in horses with recurrent airway obstruction. BMC Vet Res 2008; 4:8. [PMID: 18294392 PMCID: PMC2294109 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-4-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of bronchial epithelium to airway inflammation, with focus on mRNA and protein expression of cytokines of innate immunity IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α, in horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO) during exacerbation and in remission. Results Despite marked clinical and physiologic alterations between exacerbation and after remission in the RAO horses no differences were detected in either cytokine mRNA or protein levels. Moreover, the expression of investigated cytokines in RAO horses on pasture did not differ from controls. In comparing real-time PCR analysis to results of immunohistochemistry only IL-10 mRNA and protein levels in RAO horses on pasture were significantly correlated (rs = 0.893, p = 0.007). Curiously, in controls examined on pasture the TNF-α protein level was positively correlated to IL-10 mRNA expression (rs = 0.967, p = 0.007) and negatively correlated to IL-6 mRNA expression (rs = -0.971, p = 0.001). Conclusion Given the complementary relationship of assessing cytokines directly by immunohistochemistry, or indirectly by PCR to mRNA, the lack of significant changes in either mRNA or protein levels of IL-6, IL-10 or TNF-α mRNA in RAO horses in exacerbation suggests that these particular cytokines in bronchial tissue may not play a substantive role in the active inflammation of this disease. To support this contention further studies examining time dependency of expression of IL-6, IL-10 or TNF-α are needed, as is expansion of the range of cytokines to include other key regulators of airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Riihimäki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Equine Internal Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Chapter 11 Oxidant Stress and Airway Epithelial Function. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5823(08)00211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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