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Shen X, Ruan Y, Zhao Y, Ye Q, Huang W, He L, He Q, Cai W. Ophiopogonin D alleviates acute lung injury by regulating inflammation via the STAT3/A20/ASK1 axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155482. [PMID: 38824823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by acute pulmonary inflammatory infiltration. Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) release numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines, which result in the pathological changes seen in ALI. Ophiopogonin D (OD), extracted from the roots of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl. (Liliaceae), reduces inflammation; however, the efficacy of OD in ALI has not been reported and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of OD, as well as the underlying mechanisms, in AECs and a mouse ALI model. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were used to stimulate macrophages and A549 cells, and a mouse ALI model was established by intratracheal LPS administration. The anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of OD in the TNF-α-induced in vitro inflammation model was evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, nuclear and cytoplasmic protein extraction, and immunofluorescence. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of OD was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, qPCR, ELISA, and western blotting. RESULTS The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue of LPS-induced ALI mice exhibited increased TNF-α expression. TNF-α induced a significantly greater pro-inflammatory effect in AECs than LPS. OD reduced inflammation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transcription factor p65 phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro and promoted signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and A20 expression, thereby inducing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) proteasomal degradation. CONCLUSION OD exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by promoting STAT3-dependent A20 expression and ASK1 degradation. OD may therefore have therapeutic value in treating ALI and other TNF-α-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Shen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yiqiu Ruan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yuhui Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wenhan Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Linglin He
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qianwen He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wanru Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China.
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Sasidharan A, Grosche A, Xu X, Kinane TB, Angoli D, Vidyasagar S. Select amino acids recover cytokine-altered ENaC function in human bronchial epithelial cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307809. [PMID: 39052685 PMCID: PMC11271875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium plays a pivotal role in regulating mucosal immunity and inflammation. Epithelial barrier function, homeostasis of luminal fluid, and mucociliary clearance are major components of mucosal defense mechanisms. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is one of the key players in controlling airway fluid volume and composition, and characteristic cytokines cause ENaC and barrier dysfunctions following pulmonary infections or allergic reactions. Given the limited understanding of the requisite duration and magnitude of cytokines to affect ENaC and barrier function, available treatment options for restoring normal ENaC activity are limited. Previous studies have demonstrated that distinct amino acids can modulate epithelial ion channel activities and barrier function in intestines and airways. Here, we have investigated the time- and concentration-dependent effect of representative cytokines for Th1- (IFN-γ and TNF-α), Th2- (IL-4 and IL-13), and Treg-mediated (TGF-β1) immune responses on ENaC activity and barrier function in human bronchial epithelial cells. When cells were exposed to Th1 and Treg cytokines, ENaC activity decreased gradually while barrier function remained largely unaffected. In contrast, Th2 cytokines had an immediate and profound inhibitory effect on ENaC activity that was subsequently followed by epithelial barrier disruption. These functional changes were associated with decreased membrane protein expression of α-, β-, and γ-ENaC, and decreased mRNA levels of β- and γ-ENaC. A proprietary blend of amino acids was developed based on their ability to prevent Th2 cytokine-induced ENaC dysfunction. Exposure to the select amino acids reversed the inhibitory effect of IL-13 on ENaC activity by increasing mRNA levels of β- and γ-ENaC, and protein expression of γ-ENaC. This study indicates the beneficial effect of select amino acids on ENaC activity in an in vitro setting of Th2-mediated inflammation suggesting these amino acids as a novel therapeutic approach for correcting this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusree Sasidharan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Astrid Grosche
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - T. Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Damiano Angoli
- Pediatric Pulmonary Division, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sadasivan Vidyasagar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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3
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Huang Q, Le Y, Li S, Bian Y. Signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Respir Res 2024; 25:30. [PMID: 38218783 PMCID: PMC10788036 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common condition associated with critically ill patients, characterized by bilateral chest radiographical opacities with refractory hypoxemia due to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Despite significant advances, the mortality of ARDS remains unacceptably high, and there are still no effective targeted pharmacotherapeutic agents. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 worldwide, the mortality of ARDS has increased correspondingly. Comprehending the pathophysiology and the underlying molecular mechanisms of ARDS may thus be essential to developing effective therapeutic strategies and reducing mortality. To facilitate further understanding of its pathogenesis and exploring novel therapeutics, this review provides comprehensive information of ARDS from pathophysiology to molecular mechanisms and presents targeted therapeutics. We first describe the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ARDS that involve dysregulated inflammation, alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction, impaired alveolar fluid clearance and oxidative stress. Next, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways related to the above four aspects of ARDS pathophysiology, along with the latest research progress. Finally, we discuss the emerging therapeutic strategies that show exciting promise in ARDS, including several pharmacologic therapies, microRNA-based therapies and mesenchymal stromal cell therapies, highlighting the pathophysiological basis and the influences on signal transduction pathways for their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrui Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yue Le
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjia Bridge, Hunan Road, Gu Lou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shusheng Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yi Bian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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4
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Korde A, Haslip M, Pednekar P, Khan A, Chioccioli M, Mehta S, Lopez-Giraldez F, Bermejo S, Rojas M, Dela Cruz C, Matthay MA, Pober JS, Pierce RW, Takyar SS. MicroRNA-1 protects the endothelium in acute lung injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164816. [PMID: 37737266 PMCID: PMC10561733 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cause severe endothelial dysfunction in the lung, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is elevated in ARDS. We found that the levels of a VEGF-regulated microRNA, microRNA-1 (miR-1), were reduced in the lung endothelium after acute injury. Pulmonary endothelial cell-specific (EC-specific) overexpression of miR-1 protected the lung against cell death and barrier dysfunction in both murine and human models and increased the survival of mice after pneumonia-induced ALI. miR-1 had an intrinsic protective effect in pulmonary and other types of ECs; it inhibited apoptosis and necroptosis pathways and decreased capillary leak by protecting adherens and tight junctions. Comparative gene expression analysis and RISC recruitment assays identified miR-1 targets in the context of injury, including phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), CNKSR family member 3 (CNKSR3), and TNF-α-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2). We validated miR-1-mediated regulation of ANGPT2 in both mouse and human ECs and found that in a 119-patient pneumonia cohort, miR-1 correlated inversely with ANGPT2. These findings illustrate a previously unknown role of miR-1 as a cytoprotective orchestrator of endothelial responses to acute injury with prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asawari Korde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Maria Haslip
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Prachi Pednekar
- Department of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Maurizio Chioccioli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sameet Mehta
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Santos Bermejo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine and Anesthesiology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Shervin S. Takyar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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5
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Yan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Ying L. SCNN1B regulates the proliferation, migration, and collagen deposition of human lung fibroblasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:479-485. [PMID: 37477776 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of amiloride-sensitive sodium channel protein 1B (SCNN1B) on the proliferation and migration of human lung fibroblasts and the possible mechanism that promote the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Cultivate human embryonic lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) in vitro and screen out the most effective small interfering RNA to silence the expression of SCNN1B. Then, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), CCK-8, Transwell, and Western blot detections were performed separately. The results of qRT-PCR showed that all three SCNN1B siRNAs were able to significantly decrease the mRNA expression level of SCNN1B compared with the si-NC group (P < 0.01), with the most significant decrease in the SCNN1B siRNA-83 group. Additionally, compared with the si-NC group, the proliferation ability of MRC-5 cells in the si-SCNN1B group was significantly enhanced, and the migration rate was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Western blot results showed that low expression of SCNN1B significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of collagen deposition related proteins Collagen I and Heat shock proteins 47 (P < 0.01). In summary, SCNN1B can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell migration and extracellular matrix deposition of human lung fibroblasts, and may be involved in the occurrence and development of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Juanqi Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Lijun Ying
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
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6
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Ali YM, Lynch NJ, Shaaban AA, Rizk DE, Abdel-Rahman SH, Khatri P, Yabuki M, Yaseen S, Dudler T, Demopulos G, Schwaeble WJ. Inhibition of the lectin pathway of complement activation reduces LPS-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192767. [PMID: 37325666 PMCID: PMC10262210 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening disorder with a high rate of mortality. Complement activation in ARDS initiates a robust inflammatory reaction that can cause progressive endothelial injury in the lung. Here, we tested whether inhibition of the lectin pathway of complement could reduce the pathology and improve the outcomes in a murine model of LPS-induced lung injury that closely mimics ARDS in human. In vitro, LPS binds to murine and human collectin 11, human MBL and murine MBL-A, but not to C1q, the recognition subcomponent of the classical pathway. This binding initiates deposition of the complement activation products C3b, C4b and C5b-9 on LPS via the lectin pathway. HG-4, a monoclonal antibody that targets MASP-2, a key enzyme in the lectin pathway, inhibited lectin pathway functional activity in vitro, with an IC50 of circa 10nM. Administration of HG4 (5mg/kg) in mice led to almost complete inhibition of the lectin pathway activation for 48hrs, and 50% inhibition at 60hrs post administration. Inhibition of the lectin pathway in mice prior to LPS-induced lung injury improved all pathological markers tested. HG4 reduces the protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p<0.0001) and levels of myeloid peroxide (p<0.0001), LDH (p<0.0001), TNFα and IL6 (both p<0.0001). Lung injury was significantly reduced (p<0.001) and the survival time of the mice increased (p<0.01). From the previous findings we concluded that inhibition of the lectin pathway has the potential to prevent ARDS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssif M. Ali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nicholas J. Lynch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed A. Shaaban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dina E. Rizk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa H. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Priyanka Khatri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Wilhelm J. Schwaeble
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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7
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D'Alessandro VF, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Yasuma T, Toda M, Takeshita A, Tomaru A, Tharavecharak S, Lasisi IO, Hess RY, Nishihama K, Fujimoto H, Kobayashi T, Cann I, Gabazza EC. Inhibition of a Microbiota-derived Peptide Ameliorates Established Acute Lung Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023:S0002-9440(23)00113-X. [PMID: 36965776 PMCID: PMC10035802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a clinical syndrome characterized by a diffuse lung inflammation that commonly evolves into acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. The lung microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Corisin, a proapoptotic peptide derived from the lung microbiota, plays a role in acute lung injury and acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. Preventive therapeutic intervention with a monoclonal anticorisin antibody inhibits acute lung injury in mice. However, whether inhibition of corisin with the antibody ameliorates established acute lung injury is unknown. Here, the therapeutic effectiveness of the anticorisin antibody in already established acute lung injury in mice was assessed. Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce acute lung injury in mice. After causing acute lung injury, the mice were treated with a neutralizing anticorisin antibody. Mice treated with the antibody showed significant improvement in lung radiological and histopathological findings, decreased lung infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced markers of lung tissue damage, and inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to untreated mice. In addition, the mice treated with anticorisin antibody showed significantly increased expression of antiapoptotic proteins with decreased caspase-3 activation in the lungs compared to control mice treated with an irrelevant antibody. In conclusion, these observations suggest that the inhibition of corisin is a novel and promising approach for treating established acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fridman D'Alessandro
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;; Center for Intractable Diseases, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (Microbiome Metabolic Engineering), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Atsuro Takeshita
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tomaru
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Suphachai Tharavecharak
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Isaiah O Lasisi
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Rebecca Y Hess
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Kota Nishihama
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Isaac Cann
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Animal Science, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Microbiology, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;; Center for Intractable Diseases, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (Microbiome Metabolic Engineering), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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8
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Hamacher J, Hadizamani Y, Huwer H, Moehrlen U, Bally L, Stammberger U, Wendel A, Lucas R. Characteristics of inflammatory response and repair after experimental blast lung injury in rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281446. [PMID: 36928833 PMCID: PMC10019677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Blast-induced lung injury is associated with inflammatory, which are characterised by disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier, haemorrhage, pulmonary infiltrateration causing oedema formation, pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release, and anti-inflammatory counter-regulation. The objective of the current study was to define sequence of such alterations in with establishing blast-induced lung injury in rats using an advanced blast generator. METHODS Rats underwent a standardized blast wave trauma and were euthanised at defined time points. Non-traumatised animals served as sham controls. Obtained samples from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at each time-point were assessed for histology, leukocyte infiltration and cytokine/chemokine profile. RESULTS After blast lung injury, significant haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration were observed. Similarly, protein accumulation, lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH), alveolar eicosanoid release, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9, pro-Inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL) -6 raised up. While declining in the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 occurred. Ultimately, pulmonary oedema developed that increased to its maximum level within the first 1.5 h, then recovered within 24 h. CONCLUSION Using a stablished model, can facilitate the study of inflammatory response to blast lung injury. Following the blast injury, alteration in cytokine/chemokine profile and activity of cells in the alveolar space occurs, which eventuates in alveolar epithelial barrier dysfunction and oedema formation. Most of these parameters exhibit time-dependent return to their basal status that is an indication to resilience of lungs to blast-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Hamacher
- Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, Switzerland
- Medical Clinic V—Pneumology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, University Medical Centre of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Yalda Hadizamani
- Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hanno Huwer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Völklingen Heart Centre, Völklingen, Germany
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of the University Hospital of Saarland, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Ueli Moehrlen
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lia Bally
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Uz Stammberger
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung, Bern, Switzerland
- STM ClinMedRes Consulting, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Albrecht Wendel
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
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Phenotypic and Transcriptional Changes of Pulmonary Immune Responses in Dogs Following Canine Distemper Virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710019. [PMID: 36077417 PMCID: PMC9456005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae, is a highly contagious infectious agent causing a multisystemic, devastating disease in a broad range of host species, characterized by severe immunosuppression, encephalitis and pneumonia. The present study aimed at investigating pulmonary immune responses of CDV-infected dogs in situ using immunohistochemistry and whole transcriptome analyses by bulk RNA sequencing. Spatiotemporal analysis of phenotypic changes revealed pulmonary immune responses primarily driven by MHC-II+, Iba-1+ and CD204+ innate immune cells during acute and subacute infection phases, which paralleled pathologic lesion development and coincided with high viral loads in CDV-infected lungs. CD20+ B cell numbers initially declined, followed by lymphoid repopulation in the advanced disease phase. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated an increased expression of transcripts related to innate immunity, antiviral defense mechanisms, type I interferon responses and regulation of cell death in the lung of CDV-infected dogs. Molecular analyses also revealed disturbed cytokine responses with a pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization and impaired mucociliary defense in CDV-infected lungs. The exploratory study provides detailed data on CDV-related pulmonary immune responses, expanding the list of immunologic parameters potentially leading to viral elimination and virus-induced pulmonary immunopathology in canine distemper.
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10
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Zhang R, Tan Y, Yong C, Jiao Y, Tang X, Wang D. Pirfenidone ameliorates early pulmonary fibrosis in LPS-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Lucas R, Hadizamani Y, Enkhbaatar P, Csanyi G, Caldwell RW, Hundsberger H, Sridhar S, Lever AA, Hudel M, Ash D, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T, Chakraborty T, Verin A, Eaton DC, Romero M, Hamacher J. Dichotomous Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Pulmonary Barrier Function and Alveolar Fluid Clearance. Front Physiol 2022; 12:793251. [PMID: 35264975 PMCID: PMC8899333 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.793251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar-capillary leak is a hallmark of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a potentially lethal complication of severe sepsis, trauma and pneumonia, including COVID-19. Apart from barrier dysfunction, ARDS is characterized by hyper-inflammation and impaired alveolar fluid clearance (AFC), which foster the development of pulmonary permeability edema and hamper gas exchange. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is an evolutionarily conserved pleiotropic cytokine, involved in host immune defense against pathogens and cancer. TNF exists in both membrane-bound and soluble form and its mainly -but not exclusively- pro-inflammatory and cytolytic actions are mediated by partially overlapping TNFR1 and TNFR2 binding sites situated at the interface between neighboring subunits in the homo-trimer. Whereas TNFR1 signaling can mediate hyper-inflammation and impaired barrier function and AFC in the lungs, ligand stimulation of TNFR2 can protect from ventilation-induced lung injury. Spatially distinct from the TNFR binding sites, TNF harbors within its structure a lectin-like domain that rather protects lung function in ARDS. The lectin-like domain of TNF -mimicked by the 17 residue TIP peptide- represents a physiological mediator of alveolar-capillary barrier protection. and increases AFC in both hydrostatic and permeability pulmonary edema animal models. The TIP peptide directly activates the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) -a key mediator of fluid and blood pressure control- upon binding to its α subunit, which is also a part of the non-selective cation channel (NSC). Activity of the lectin-like domain of TNF is preserved in complexes between TNF and its soluble TNFRs and can be physiologically relevant in pneumonia. Antibody- and soluble TNFR-based therapeutic strategies show considerable success in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but their chronic use can increase susceptibility to infection. Since the lectin-like domain of TNF does not interfere with TNF's anti-bacterial actions, while exerting protective actions in the alveolar-capillary compartments, it is currently evaluated in clinical trials in ARDS and COVID-19. A more comprehensive knowledge of the precise role of the TNFR binding sites versus the lectin-like domain of TNF in lung injury, tissue hypoxia, repair and remodeling may foster the development of novel therapeutics for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Rudolf Lucas,
| | - Yalda Hadizamani
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Gabor Csanyi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Robert W. Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Harald Hundsberger
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Krems, Austria,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Supriya Sridhar
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Alice Ann Lever
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Martina Hudel
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dipankar Ash
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Douglas C. Eaton
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Maritza Romero
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jürg Hamacher
- Lungen-und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Pneumology, Clinic for General Internal Medicine, Lindenhofspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Medical Clinic V-Pneumology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Saarland, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany,Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany,Jürg Hamacher,
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12
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Yildiz C, Karabulut D, Erdal G, Hergünsel G, Karabulut U, Binboğa E, Isiksacan N. NOTCH and tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme levels could be used in COVID-19 for risk stratification. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injms.injms_52_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Liu Z, Liu D, Wang Z, Zou Y, Wang H, Li X, Zheng D, Zhou G. Association between inflammatory biomarkers and acute respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury risk : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021; 134:24-38. [PMID: 34860273 PMCID: PMC8813738 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-021-01971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury (ALI) and levels of certain inflammatory factors remains controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the available studies evaluating the association between levels of inflammatory factors and ARDS/ALI incidence. Methods We searched the PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane databases for studies published up to July 2017. For each inflammatory factor, a random effects model was employed to pool results from different studies. Results We identified 63 studies that included 6243 patients in our meta-analysis. Overall, the results indicated that the levels of angiopoietin (ANG)-2 (standard mean difference, SMD: 1.34; P < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (SMD: 0.92; P = 0.012), IL‑6 (SMD: 0.66; P = 0.005), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (SMD: 0.98; P = 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with ARDS/ALI than in unaffected individuals. No significant differences were observed between patients with ARDS/ALI and unaffected individuals in terms of the levels of IL‑8 (SMD: 0.61; P = 0.159), IL-10 (SMD: 1.10; P = 0.231), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (SMD: 0.70; P = 0.060). Conclusions ARDS/ALI is associated with a significantly elevated levels of ANG‑2, IL-1β, IL‑6, and TNF‑α, but not with IL‑8, IL-10, and PAI‑1 levels. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s00508-021-01971-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zunyi Honghuagang District People's Hospital, 185 Wanli Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yugang Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 98 Fenghuang Road, Huichuan District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Deliang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Guoqi Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Teaching Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, 134 LinJiapo Road, HongHuagang District, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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14
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Hassan AO, Lip GYH, Bisson A, Herbert J, Bodin A, Fauchier L, Harris RV. Acute Dental Periapical Abscess and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132927. [PMID: 34208797 PMCID: PMC8269096 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are limited data on the relationship of acute dental infections with hospitalisation and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to assess the relationship between acute periapical abscess and incident AF. This was a retrospective cohort study from a French national database of patients hospitalized in 2013 (3.4 million patients) with at least five years of follow up. In total, 3,056,291 adults (55.1% female) required hospital admission in French hospitals in 2013 while not having a history of AF. Of 4693 patients classified as having dental periapical abscess, 435 (9.27%) developed AF, compared to 326,241 (10.69%) without dental periapical abscess that developed AF over a mean follow-up of 4.8 ± 1.7 years. Multivariable analysis indicated that dental periapical abscess acted as an independent predictor for new onset AF (p < 0.01). The CHA2DS2VASc score in patients with acute dental periapical abscess had moderate predictive value for development of AF, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.73 (95% CI, 0.71–0.76). An increased risk of new onset AF was identified for individuals hospitalized with dental periapical abscess. Careful follow up of patients with severe, acute dental periapical infections is needed for incident AF, as well as investigations of possible mechanisms linking these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaar Obaid Hassan
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK; (A.O.H.); (R.V.H.)
| | - Gregory Y. H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool L69 7TX, UK
- Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-151-794-9020
| | - Arnaud Bisson
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37044 Tours, France; (A.B.); (J.H.); (A.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Julien Herbert
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37044 Tours, France; (A.B.); (J.H.); (A.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Alexandre Bodin
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37044 Tours, France; (A.B.); (J.H.); (A.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Laurent Fauchier
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau Faculté de Médecine, Université François Rabelais, 37044 Tours, France; (A.B.); (J.H.); (A.B.); (L.F.)
| | - Rebecca V. Harris
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK; (A.O.H.); (R.V.H.)
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15
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Aulakh GK, Brocos Duda JA, Guerrero Soler CM, Snead E, Singh J. Characterization of low-dose ozone-induced murine acute lung injury. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14463. [PMID: 32524776 PMCID: PMC7287414 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is a toxic and highly reactive gaseous oxidizing chemical with well‐documented adverse health effects in humans. On the basis of animal and human data, environmental guidelines and air quality standards recommend a threshold for exposure of no more than 0.063 ppm of ozone (daily concentrations). This research describes a standardized sensitive model of sterile murine lung inflammation induced by exposing mice to acute (0, 4 or 24 hr), yet low, levels of ozone (0.005, 0.05 or 0.5 ppm), one that are below the current recommendations for what is considered a safe or “ambient” ozone concentration for humans. Ozone led to concentration and time‐dependent phlogistic cell death in the bronchoalveolar lavage, lung epithelial damage and hemorrhage. Interestingly, we observed distinct large bright CD11b positive cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, upregulation of lung vascular and alveolar ATP synthase as well as plasminogen and bronchiolar angiostatin expression in ozone‐exposed mice, platelet and neutrophil accumulation in the lung vasculature and an eotaxin‐2, IL‐16, CXCL5, CXCL12, and CXCL13 dominant inflammatory response leading to lung injury. Using a fluorescent intravital microscopy set up, we quantified ozone‐induced extensive alveolar cellular damage. We observed ozone‐induced actin filament disorganization, perturbed respiratory mechanics, acute suppression of the alveolar reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial potential in ventilated lungs. We present evidence of systemic, as well as pulmonary toxicity, at 40‐fold lower ozone concentrations than previously reported in mice. The findings are important in establishing a sensitive means of quantifying structural and functional lung disorganization following exposure to an aerosolized pollutant, even at levels of ozone exposure previously thought to be safe in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jessica Andrea Brocos Duda
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Elisabeth Snead
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jaswant Singh
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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16
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Daamen AR, Bachali P, Owen KA, Kingsmore KM, Hubbard EL, Labonte AC, Robl R, Shrotri S, Grammer AC, Lipsky PE. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of COVID-19 blood, lung, and airway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7052. [PMID: 33782412 PMCID: PMC8007747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV2 is a previously uncharacterized coronavirus and causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The host response to SARS-CoV2 has not yet been fully delineated, hampering a precise approach to therapy. To address this, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of gene expression data from the blood, lung, and airway of COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that COVID-19 pathogenesis is driven by populations of myeloid-lineage cells with highly inflammatory but distinct transcriptional signatures in each compartment. The relative absence of cytotoxic cells in the lung suggests a model in which delayed clearance of the virus may permit exaggerated myeloid cell activation that contributes to disease pathogenesis by the production of inflammatory mediators. The gene expression profiles also identify potential therapeutic targets that could be modified with available drugs. The data suggest that transcriptomic profiling can provide an understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert Robl
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC, Charlottesville, VA, 22902, USA
| | - Sneha Shrotri
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC, Charlottesville, VA, 22902, USA
| | | | - Peter E Lipsky
- AMPEL BioSolutions LLC, Charlottesville, VA, 22902, USA.
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17
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李 丽, 李 江, 杨 泳, 刘 娜, 郭 欣, 邹 曦, 马 文, 刘 星, 朱 晓, 刘 睿. [Role of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 in pulmonary hyper-permeability induced by mechanical ventilation in rabbits]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:418-423. [PMID: 33849834 PMCID: PMC8075785 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.03.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in lung hyper-permeability induced by mechanical ventilation (MV) in rabbits. OBJECTIVE Forty-eight healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomly allocated to vehicle treatment group (group V), tranylcypromine (a PGI2 synthase inhibitor) treatment group (group T), dazoxiben (a TXA2 synthase inhibitor) treatment group (group D), vehicle-treated MV group (group VM), tranylcyprominetreated MV group (group TM) and dazoxiben-treated MV group (group DM). The contents of PGI2 and TXA2 in the lung tissues and TNF-α level in BALF and lung tissues were measured by ELISA. The lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, lung permeability index and pulmonary expressions of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) protein and mRNA were detected to evaluate the pulmonary permeability. The severities of lung injury were assessed by lung histological scores. OBJECTIVE The measured parameters did not differ significantly among the rabbits receiving different treatments without MV. In rabbits in group VM, the contents of PGI2 and TXA2 in the lungs, TNF-α in BALF and lung tissues, PGI2/TXA2 ratio, lung W/D ratio, lung permeability index, pulmonary expressions of MLCK protein and mRNA and histological scores of the lungs all increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with those in group V, group T and group D. In rabbits undergoing MV, inhibition of PGI2 production by tranylcypromine significantly decreased the PGI2/TXA2 ratio (P < 0.05), further enhanced the production of TNF-α in the BALF and lung tissue (P < 0.05), and worsened lung hyper-permeability and lung injury (P < 0.05), while treatment with dazoxiben significantly reduced TXA2 production in the lung tissue (P < 0.05), increased the PGI2/TXA2 ratio (P < 0.05) and decreased TNF-α production in the BALF and lung tissue (P < 0.05), thus resulting in alleviated lung hyperpermeability and lung injury (P < 0.05). OBJECTIVE PGI2 plays a protective role against MV-induced lung hyper-permeability and lung injury by downregulating TNF-α/MLCK signaling pathway, while TXA2 can exacerbate MV-induced lung hyperpermeability in rabbits by up-regulating TNF-α/ MLCK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 丽莎 李
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 江 李
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 泳 杨
- 昆明医科大学医学机能实验中心,云南 昆明 650500Experimental Center of Medical Function, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 娜 刘
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 欣 郭
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 曦 邹
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 文婕 马
- 昆明 医科大学基础医学院,云南 昆明 650500School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 星玲 刘
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 晓燕 朱
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
| | - 睿 刘
- 云南省第一人民医院麻醉科,云南 昆明 650032Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
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18
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Immunity-and-matrix-regulatory cells derived from human embryonic stem cells safely and effectively treat mouse lung injury and fibrosis. Cell Res 2020; 30:794-809. [PMID: 32546764 PMCID: PMC7296193 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung injury and fibrosis represent the most significant outcomes of severe and acute lung disorders, including COVID-19. However, there are still no effective drugs to treat lung injury and fibrosis. In this study, we report the generation of clinical-grade human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived immunity- and matrix-regulatory cells (IMRCs) produced under good manufacturing practice requirements, that can treat lung injury and fibrosis in vivo. We generate IMRCs by sequentially differentiating hESCs with serum-free reagents. IMRCs possess a unique gene expression profile distinct from that of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs), such as higher expression levels of proliferative, immunomodulatory and anti-fibrotic genes. Moreover, intravenous delivery of IMRCs inhibits both pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mouse models of lung injury, and significantly improves the survival rate of the recipient mice in a dose-dependent manner, likely through paracrine regulatory mechanisms. IMRCs are superior to both primary UCMSCs and the FDA-approved drug pirfenidone, with an excellent efficacy and safety profile in mice and monkeys. In light of public health crises involving pneumonia, acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, our findings suggest that IMRCs are ready for clinical trials on lung disorders.
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19
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Cruz DF, Mitash N, Farinha CM, Swiatecka-Urban A. TGF-β1 Augments the Apical Membrane Abundance of Lemur Tyrosine Kinase 2 to Inhibit CFTR-Mediated Chloride Transport in Human Bronchial Epithelia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:58. [PMID: 32117984 PMCID: PMC7018669 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common disease-causing mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, F508del, leads to cystic fibrosis (CF), by arresting CFTR processing and trafficking to the plasma membrane. The FDA-approved modulators partially restore CFTR function and slow down the progression of CF lung disease by increasing processing and delivery to the plasma membrane and improving activity of F508del-CFTR Cl– channels. However, the modulators do not correct compromised membrane stability of rescued F508del-CFTR. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is a well-established gene modifier of CF associated with worse lung disease in F508del-homozygous patients, by inhibiting CFTR biogenesis and blocking the functional rescue of F508del-CFTR. Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) is a transmembrane protein localized at the apical and basolateral membrane domain of human bronchial epithelial cells. Phosphorylation of the apical membrane CFTR by LMTK2 triggers its endocytosis and reduces the abundance of membrane-associated CFTR, impairing the CFTR-mediated Cl– transport. We have previously shown that LMTK2 knockdown improves the pharmacologically rescued F508del-CFTR abundance and function. Thus, reducing the LMTK2 recruitment to the plasma membrane may provide a useful strategy to potentiate the pharmacological rescue of F508del-CFTR. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of LMTK2 recruitment to the apical plasma membrane in polarized CFBE41o- cells. TGF-β1 increased LMTK2 abundance selectively at the apical membrane by accelerating its recycling in Rab11-positive vesicles without affecting LMTK2 mRNA levels, protein biosynthesis, or endocytosis. Our data suggest that controlling TGF-β1 signaling may attenuate recruitment of LMTK2 to the apical membrane thereby improving stability of pharmacologically rescued F508del-CFTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Cruz
- BioSystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nilay Mitash
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Carlos M Farinha
- BioSystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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20
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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Cancer Patients. ONCOLOGIC CRITICAL CARE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7123590 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74588-6_48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous form of acute, diffuse lung injury that is characterized by dysregulated inflammation, increased alveolar-capillary interface permeability, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. In the general population, the incidence and mortality associated with ARDS over the last two decades have steadily declined in parallel with optimized approaches to pneumonia and other underlying causes of ARDS as well as increased utilization of multimodal treatment strategies that include lung-protective ventilation. In the cancer settings, significant declines in the incidence and mortality of ARDS over the past two decades have also been reported, although these rates remain significantly higher than those in the general population. Epidemiologic studies identify infection, including disseminated fungal pneumonias, as a major underlying cause of ARDS in the cancer setting. More than half of cancer patients who develop ARDS will not survive to hospital discharge. Those who do survive often face a protracted and often incomplete recovery, resulting in significant long-term physical, psychological, and cognitive sequelae. The residual organ dysfunction and poor functional status after ARDS may delay or preclude subsequent cancer treatments. As such, close collaboration between the critical care physicians and oncology team is essential in identifying and reversing the underlying causes and optimizing treatments for cancer patients with ARDS. This chapter reviews the diagnosis and common causes of ARDS in cancer and gives an update on the general management principles for cancer patients with ARDS in the ICU.
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Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang C, Zhang C, Yang H, Gao R, Tong Z. Lung fluid biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2019; 23:43. [PMID: 30755248 PMCID: PMC6373030 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background With the development of new techniques to easily obtain lower respiratory tract specimens, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and other lung fluids are gaining importance in pulmonary disease diagnosis. We aimed to review and summarize lung fluid biomarkers associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis and mortality. Methods After searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for articles published prior to January 11, 2018, we performed a meta-analysis on biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis in at-risk patients and those related to disease mortality. From the included studies, we then extracted the mean and standard deviation of the biomarker concentrations measured in the lung fluid, acute respiratory distress syndrome etiologies, sample size, demographic variables, diagnostic criteria, mortality, and protocol for obtaining the lung fluid. The effect size was measured by the ratio of means, which was then synthesized by the inverse-variance method using its natural logarithm form and transformed to obtain a pooled ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results In total, 1156 articles were identified, and 49 studies were included. Increases in total phospholipases A2 activity, total protein, albumin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, and platelet activating factor-acetyl choline were most strongly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis. As for biomarkers associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, Kerbs von Lungren-6, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were significantly increased in the lung fluid of patients who died. Decreased levels of Club cell protein and matrix metalloproteinases-9 were associated with increased odds for acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis, whereas decreased levels of Club cell protein and interleukin-2 were associated with increased odds for acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality. Conclusions This meta-analysis provides a ranking system for lung fluid biomarkers, according to their association with diagnosis or mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The performance of biomarkers among studies shown in this article may help to improve acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis and outcome prediction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13054-019-2336-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University and Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Huqin Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ruiyue Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Gong Ti South Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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22
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Sinha P, Ware LB. Selective tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 inhibition in acute lung injury: a new hope or a false dawn? Thorax 2018; 73:699-701. [PMID: 29567751 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Sinha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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23
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Role of iRhom2 in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-mediated acute lung injury. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3797. [PMID: 29491382 PMCID: PMC5830505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) may cause acute systemic and lung inflammation. However, the detailed mechanism of this inflammatory cascade has not been fully elucidated. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (iRhom2) is essential for the maturation of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE), which is required for TNF-α secretion. We evaluated the role of iRhom2 in a mouse model of intestinal I/R using iRhom2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Lung injury following intestinal I/R was significantly attenuated in iRhom2 KO mice compared with WT mice. After intestinal I/R, lungs from iRhom2 KO mice showed significantly lower myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and markedly reduced cell apoptosis associated with a decreased level of active caspase 3 and decreased TUNEL staining compared with lungs from WT mice. TNF-α levels were elevated in the serum and lungs of WT mice with intestinal I/R and significantly reduced in iRhom2 KO mice with intestinal I/R. iRhom2 may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) after intestinal I/R and thus may be a novel therapeutic target for ALI after intestinal I/R injury.
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Hamacher J, Hadizamani Y, Borgmann M, Mohaupt M, Männel DN, Moehrlen U, Lucas R, Stammberger U. Cytokine-Ion Channel Interactions in Pulmonary Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1644. [PMID: 29354115 PMCID: PMC5758508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs conceptually represent a sponge that is interposed in series in the bodies’ systemic circulation to take up oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide. As such, it matches the huge surface areas of the alveolar epithelium to the pulmonary blood capillaries. The lung’s constant exposure to the exterior necessitates a competent immune system, as evidenced by the association of clinical immunodeficiencies with pulmonary infections. From the in utero to the postnatal and adult situation, there is an inherent vital need to manage alveolar fluid reabsorption, be it postnatally, or in case of hydrostatic or permeability edema. Whereas a wealth of literature exists on the physiological basis of fluid and solute reabsorption by ion channels and water pores, only sparse knowledge is available so far on pathological situations, such as in microbial infection, acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in the pulmonary reimplantation response in transplanted lungs. The aim of this review is to discuss alveolar liquid clearance in a selection of lung injury models, thereby especially focusing on cytokines and mediators that modulate ion channels. Inflammation is characterized by complex and probably time-dependent co-signaling, interactions between the involved cell types, as well as by cell demise and barrier dysfunction, which may not uniquely determine a clinical picture. This review, therefore, aims to give integrative thoughts and wants to foster the unraveling of unmet needs in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Hamacher
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Internal Medicine V - Pneumology, Allergology, Respiratory and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yalda Hadizamani
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michèle Borgmann
- Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.,Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Mohaupt
- Internal Medicine, Sonnenhofspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ueli Moehrlen
- Paediatric Visceral Surgery, Universitäts-Kinderspital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Uz Stammberger
- Lungen- und Atmungsstiftung Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Translational Clinical Oncology, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Wynne BM, Zou L, Linck V, Hoover RS, Ma HP, Eaton DC. Regulation of Lung Epithelial Sodium Channels by Cytokines and Chemokines. Front Immunol 2017; 8:766. [PMID: 28791006 PMCID: PMC5524836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury leading to acute respiratory distress (ARDS) is a global health concern. ARDS patients have significant pulmonary inflammation leading to flooding of the pulmonary alveoli. This prevents normal gas exchange with consequent hypoxemia and causes mortality. A thin fluid layer in the alveoli is normal. The maintenance of this thin layer results from fluid movement out of the pulmonary capillaries into the alveolar interstitium driven by vascular hydrostatic pressure and then through alveolar tight junctions. This is then balanced by fluid reabsorption from the alveolar space mediated by transepithelial salt and water transport through alveolar cells. Reabsorption is a two-step process: first, sodium enters via sodium-permeable channels in the apical membranes of alveolar type 1 and 2 cells followed by active extrusion of sodium into the interstitium by the basolateral Na+, K+-ATPase. Anions follow the cationic charge gradient and water follows the salt-induced osmotic gradient. The proximate cause of alveolar flooding is the result of a failure to reabsorb sufficient salt and water or a failure of the tight junctions to prevent excessive movement of fluid from the interstitium to alveolar lumen. Cytokine- and chemokine-induced inflammation can have a particularly profound effect on lung sodium transport since they can alter both ion channel and barrier function. Cytokines and chemokines affect alveolar amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs), which play a crucial role in sodium transport and fluid reabsorption in the lung. This review discusses the regulation of ENaC via local and systemic cytokines during inflammatory disease and the effect on lung fluid balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi M Wynne
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Valerie Linck
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Robert S Hoover
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Research Service, Atlanta Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - He-Ping Ma
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Douglas C Eaton
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Abstract
Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α have been linked to a number of pulmonary inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sarcoidosis, and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). TNFα plays multiple roles in disease pathology by inducing an accumulation of inflammatory cells, stimulating the generation of inflammatory mediators, and causing oxidative and nitrosative stress, airway hyperresponsiveness and tissue remodeling. TNFα-targeting biologics, therefore, present a potentially highly efficacious treatment option. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of TNFα in pulmonary disease pathologies, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of TNFα-targeting agents in treating inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Malaviya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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27
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Jiang Y, Lin R, Xu Y, Zhang S, Cui K, Zhu M, Li A, Chen C, Yang J, Yang W. Continuous blood purification treatment for endotoxin-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5367. [PMID: 28225865 PMCID: PMC5343563 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of continuous blood purification (CBP) treatment in pigs affected with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A total of 12 healthy male pigs, weighing 12±1.8 kg, were randomly and equally assigned to the control and experimental groups. The ARDS pig model was prepared by intravenous injections of endotoxin (20 µg/kg). The control group was given conventional supportive therapy, while the experimental group was given continuous veno-venous hemofiltration therapy. During the treatment process, the variations in dynamic lung compliance, oxygenation index, hemodynamics, and urine volume per hour at different times (Baseline, 0, 2, 4, and 6 h) were recorded. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The histomorphological changes of the lung, heart, and kidney were visualized using a light microscope. The nuclear factor κB p65 protein content of the heart, lung, and kidney tissues was also detected using western blot. The experimental group outperformed the control group in both respiratory and hemodynamic events. CBP treatment cleared TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 partially from serum and BALF. The pathological examination of the heart, lung, and kidney tissues revealed that the injury was less severe in the experimental group. CBP treatment can improve the organ functions of pigs affected with endotoxin-induced ARDS and protect these organs to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - R Lin
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Y Xu
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - K Cui
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - M Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - A Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - C Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - J Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - W Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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28
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Comparative proteomic analysis of membrane microdomains isolated from two hyperlipidemic animal models. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1061-1071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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DerHovanessian A, Weigt SS, Palchevskiy V, Shino MY, Sayah DM, Gregson AL, Noble PW, Palmer SM, Fishbein MC, Kubak BM, Ardehali A, Ross DJ, Saggar R, Lynch JP, Elashoff RM, Belperio JA. The Role of TGF-β in the Association Between Primary Graft Dysfunction and Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:640-9. [PMID: 26461171 PMCID: PMC4946573 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a possible risk factor for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) following lung transplantation; however, the mechanism for any such association is poorly understood. Based on the association of TGF-β with acute and chronic inflammatory disorders, we hypothesized that it might play a role in the continuum between PGD and BOS. Thus, the association between PGD and BOS was assessed in a single-center cohort of lung transplant recipients. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of TGF-β and procollagen collected within 24 h of transplantation were compared across the spectrum of PGD, and incorporated into Cox models of BOS. Immunohistochemistry localized expression of TGF-β and its receptor in early lung biopsies posttransplant. We found an association between PGD and BOS in both bilateral and single lung recipients with a hazard ratio of 3.07 (95% CI 1.76-5.38) for the most severe form of PGD. TGF-β and procollagen concentrations were elevated during PGD (p < 0.01), and associated with increased rates of BOS. Expression of TGF-β and its receptor localized to allograft infiltrating mononuclear and stromal cells, and the airway epithelium. These findings validate the association between PGD and the subsequent development of BOS, and suggest that this association may be mediated by receptor/TGF-β biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariss DerHovanessian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - S. Samuel Weigt
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vyacheslav Palchevskiy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael Y. Shino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - David M. Sayah
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aric L. Gregson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul W. Noble
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles California
| | - Scott M. Palmer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael C. Fishbein
- Depatment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bernard M. Kubak
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Abbas Ardehali
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - David J. Ross
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rajan Saggar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joseph P. Lynch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert M. Elashoff
- Department of Biomathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - John A. Belperio
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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30
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Wang C, Armstrong SM, Sugiyama MG, Tabuchi A, Krauszman A, Kuebler WM, Mullen B, Advani S, Advani A, Lee WL. Influenza-Induced Priming and Leak of Human Lung Microvascular Endothelium upon Exposure to Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:459-70. [PMID: 25693001 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0373oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A major cause of death after influenza virus infection is lung injury due to a bacterial superinfection, yet the mechanism is unknown. Death has been attributed to virus-induced immunosuppression and bacterial overgrowth, but this hypothesis is based on data from the preantibiotic era and animal models that omit antimicrobial therapy. Because of diagnostic uncertainty, most patients with influenza receive antibiotics, making bacterial overgrowth unlikely. Respiratory failure after superinfection presents as acute respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder characterized by lung microvascular leak and edema. The objective of this study was to determine whether the influenza virus sensitizes the lung endothelium to leak upon exposure to circulating bacterial-derived molecular patterns from Staphylococcus aureus. In vitro as well as in vivo models of influenza followed by S. aureus superinfection were used. Molecular mechanisms were explored using molecular biology, knockout mice, and human autopsy specimens. Influenza virus infection sensitized human lung endothelium to leak when challenged with S. aureus, even at low doses of influenza and even when the pathogens were given days apart. Influenza virus increased endothelial expression of TNFR1 both in vitro and in intact lungs, a finding corroborated by human autopsy specimens of patients with influenza. Leak was recapitulated with protein A, a TNFR1 ligand, and sequential infection caused protein A-dependent loss of IκB, cleavage of caspases 8 and 3, and lung endothelial apoptosis. Mice infected sequentially with influenza virus and S. aureus developed significantly increased lung edema that was protein A and TNFR1 dependent. Influenza virus primes the lung endothelium to leak, predisposing patients to acute respiratory distress syndrome upon exposure to S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsen Wang
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Armstrong
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science
| | - Michael G Sugiyama
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology
| | - Arata Tabuchi
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrienn Krauszman
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendan Mullen
- 4 Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne Advani
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Advani
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Warren L Lee
- 1 Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Institute of Medical Science.,3 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology.,6 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care and.,5 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
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31
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Mitra S, Wewers MD, Sarkar A. Mononuclear Phagocyte-Derived Microparticulate Caspase-1 Induces Pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145607. [PMID: 26710067 PMCID: PMC4692444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelial cell apoptosis and injury occurs throughout all stages of acute lung injury (ALI/ARDS) and impacts disease progression. Lung endothelial injury has traditionally been focused on the role of neutrophil trafficking to lung vascular integrin receptors induced by proinflammatory cytokine expression. Although much is known about the pathogenesis of cell injury and death in ALI/ARDS, gaps remain in our knowledge; as a result of which there is currently no effective pharmacologic therapy. Enzymes known as caspases are essential for completion of the apoptotic program and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that caspase-1 may serve as a key regulator of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMVEC) apoptosis in ALI/ARDS. Our recent experiments confirm that microparticles released from stimulated monocytic cells (THP1) induce lung endothelial cell apoptosis. Microparticles pretreated with the caspase-1 inhibitor, YVAD, or pan-caspase inhibitor, ZVAD, were unable to induce cell death of HPMVEC, suggesting the role of caspase-1 or its substrate in the induction of HPMVEC cell death. Neither un-induced microparticles (control) nor direct treatment with LPS induced apoptosis of HPMVEC. Further experiments showed that caspase-1 uptake into HPMVEC and the induction of HPMVEC apoptosis was facilitated by caspase-1 interactions with microparticulate vesicles. Altering vesicle integrity completely abrogated apoptosis of HPMVEC suggesting an encapsulation requirement for target cell uptake of active caspase-1. Taken together, we confirm that microparticle centered caspase-1 can play a regulator role in endothelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabani Mitra
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Mark D. Wewers
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Anasuya Sarkar
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
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32
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Suica VI, Uyy E, Boteanu RM, Ivan L, Antohe F. Alteration of actin dependent signaling pathways associated with membrane microdomains in hyperlipidemia. Proteome Sci 2015; 13:30. [PMID: 26628893 PMCID: PMC4666118 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-015-0087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membrane microdomains represent dynamic membrane nano-assemblies enriched in signaling molecules suggesting their active involvement in not only physiological but also pathological molecular processes. The hyperlipidemic stress is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis, but its exact mechanisms of action at the membrane microdomains level remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to determine whether membrane-cytoskeleton proteome in the pulmonary tissue could be modulated by the hyperlipidemic stress, a major risk factor of atherosclerosis. Results High resolution mass spectrometry based proteomics analysis was performed for detergent resistant membrane microdomains isolated from lung homogenates of control, ApoE deficient and statin treated ApoE deficient mice. The findings of the study allowed the identification with high confidence of 1925 proteins, 291 of which were found significantly altered by the modified genetic background, by the statin treatment or both conditions. Principal component analysis revealed a proximal partitioning of the biological replicates, but also a distinct spatial scattering of the sample groups, highlighting different quantitative profiles. The statistical significant over-representation of Regulation of actin cytoskeleton, Focal adhesion and Adherens junction Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathways was demonstrated through bioinformatics analysis. The three inter-relation maps comprised 29 of regulated proteins, proving membrane-cytoskeleton coupling targeting and alteration by hyperlipidemia and/or statin treatment. Conclusions The findings of the study allowed the identification with high confidence of the main proteins modulated by the hyperlipidemic stress involved in the actin-dependent pathways. Our study provides the basis for future work probing how the protein activities at the membrane-cytoskeleton interface are dependent upon genetic induced hyperlipidemia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12953-015-0087-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorel-Iulian Suica
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", 8 BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Uyy
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", 8 BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Boteanu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", 8 BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luminita Ivan
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", 8 BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felicia Antohe
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", 8 BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
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Synergistic Inhibition of β2-adrenergic Receptor-mediated Alveolar Epithelial Fluid Transport by Interleukin-8 and Transforming Growth Factor-β. Anesthesiology 2015; 122:1084-92. [PMID: 25591042 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000000595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who retain maximal alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) have better clinical outcomes. The release of endogenous catecholamines associated with shock or the administration of β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists enhances AFC via a 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent mechanism. The authors have previously reported that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), two major mediators of alveolar inflammation associated with the early phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome, inhibit AFC upregulation by β2AR agonists via a phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent mechanism. However, whether TGF-β1 and IL-8 cause an additive or synergistic inhibition of AFC is unclear. Thus, the central hypothesis of the study was to determine whether they synergistically inhibit the β2AR-stimulated AFC by activating two different isoforms of PI3K. METHODS The effects of TGF-β1 or IL-8 on β2AR agonist-stimulated net alveolar fluid transport were studied using short-circuit current studies. Molecular pathways of inhibition were confirmed by pharmacologic inhibitors and Western blotting of p-Akt, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, protein kinase C-ζ, and phospho-β2AR. Finally, our observations were confirmed by an in vivo model of AFC. RESULTS Combined exposure to TGF-β1 and IL-8/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 caused synergistic inhibition of β2AR agonist-stimulated vectorial Cl across alveolar epithelial type II cells (n = 12 in each group). This effect was explained by activation of different isoforms of PI3K by TGF-β1 and IL-8/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (n = 12 in each group). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 on 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-stimulated alveolar epithelial fluid transport required the presence of IL-8/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (n = 12 in each group). Inhibition of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 prevented TGF-β1-mediated heterologous β2AR downregulation and restored physiologic β2AR agonist-stimulated AFC in rats (n = 6 in each group). CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 and IL-8 have a synergistic inhibitory effect on β2AR-mediated stimulation of pulmonary edema removal by the alveolar epithelium. This result may, in part, explain why a large proportion of the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome have impaired AFC.
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Early initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy improves clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2015; 349:199-205. [PMID: 25494217 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0000000000000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common devastating syndrome in intensive care unit in critically ill patients. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has been shown beneficial effects on oxygenation and survival in patients with ARDS. However, it is still controversial about the timing of initiation of CRRT. METHODS Fifty-three patients with ARDS admitted to intensive care unit in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, China from 2009 to 2013 were enrolled in the study. The authors compared ventilation parameter, including PaO2/FIO2, A-a gradient, positive end-expiratory pressure, plateau pressure, dynamic compliance and hemodynamic parameters, including central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, extravascular lung water index, fluid balance between early initiation (within 12 hours after ARDS onset) and late initiation of CRRT (48 hours after ARDS onset) groups. The authors further investigated transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 level changes in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay during 7 days of follow-up. RESULTS Significant improvement of oxygenation and shorter duration of mechanical ventilation were observed in early CRRT group during 7-day follow-up. In addition, TGF-β1 concentrations in serum and BALF were significantly decreased in patients with early initiation of CRRT compared to those with late initiation of CRRT on day 2 and day 7. Furthermore, patients who died of ARDS had higher levels of TGF-β1 in BALF than survivors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that early initiation of CRRT is associated with favorable clinical outcomes in ARDS patients, which might be due to the reduced serum and BALF TGF-β1 levels through CRRT. However, large multi-center studies are needed to make further recommendations as to the optimal use of CRRT in ARDS patient populations.
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Kumar S, Xu J, Kumar RS, Lakshmikanthan S, Kapur R, Kofron M, Chrzanowska-Wodnicka M, Filippi MD. The small GTPase Rap1b negatively regulates neutrophil chemotaxis and transcellular diapedesis by inhibiting Akt activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1741-58. [PMID: 25092872 PMCID: PMC4144729 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mice lacking the small GTPase Rap1b exhibit enhanced neutrophil recruitment to inflamed lungs and susceptibility to endotoxin shock via enhance PI3K-Akt activation. Neutrophils are the first line of cellular defense in response to infections and inflammatory injuries. However, neutrophil activation and accumulation into tissues trigger tissue damage due to release of a plethora of toxic oxidants and proteases, a cause of acute lung injury (ALI). Despite its clinical importance, the molecular regulation of neutrophil migration is poorly understood. The small GTPase Rap1b is generally viewed as a positive regulator of immune cell functions by controlling bidirectional integrin signaling. However, we found that Rap1b-deficient mice exhibited enhanced neutrophil recruitment to inflamed lungs and enhanced susceptibility to endotoxin shock. Unexpectedly, Rap1b deficiency promoted the transcellular route of diapedesis through endothelial cell. Increased transcellular migration of Rap1b-deficient neutrophils in vitro was selectively mediated by enhanced PI3K-Akt activation and invadopodia-like protrusions. Akt inhibition in vivo suppressed excessive Rap1b-deficient neutrophil migration and associated endotoxin shock. The inhibitory action of Rap1b on PI3K signaling may be mediated by activation of phosphatase SHP-1. Thus, this study reveals an unexpected role for Rap1b as a key suppressor of neutrophil migration and lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Juying Xu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | - Rupali Sani Kumar
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
| | | | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Matthew Kofron
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | | | - Marie-Dominique Filippi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati OH 45229
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Angiostatin inhibits activation and migration of neutrophils. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:375-96. [PMID: 24297047 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical need to identify molecules that modulate the biology of neutrophils because activated neutrophils, though necessary for host defense, cause exuberant tissue damage through production of reactive oxygen species and increased lifespan. Angiostatin, an endogenous anti-angiogenic cleavage product of plasminogen, binds to integrin αvβ3, ATP synthase and angiomotin and its expression is increased in inflammatory conditions. We test the hypothesis that angiostatin inhibits neutrophil activation, induces apoptosis and blocks recruitment in vivo and in vitro. The data show immuno-reactivity for plasminogen/angiostatin in resting neutrophils. Angiostatin conjugated to FITC revealed that angiostatin was endocytozed by activated mouse and human neutrophils in a lipid raft-dependent fashion. Co-immunoprecipitation of human neutrophil lysates, confocal microscopy of isolated mouse and human neutrophils and functional blocking experiments showed that angiostatin complexes with flotillin-1 along with integrin αvβ3 and ATP synthase. Angiostatin inhibited fMLP-induced neutrophil polarization, as well as caused inhibition of hsp-27 phosphorylation and stabilization of microtubules. Angiostatin treatment, before or after LPS-induced neutrophil activation, inhibited phosphorylation of p38 and p44/42 MAPKs, abolished reactive oxygen species production and released the neutrophils from suppressed apoptosis, as indicated by expression of activated caspase-3 and morphological evidence of apoptosis. Finally, intravital microscopy and myeloperoxidase assay showed inhibition of neutrophil recruitment in post-capillary venules of TNFα-treated cremaster muscle in mouse. These in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate angiostatin as a broad deactivator and silencer of neutrophils and an inhibitor of their migration. These data potentially open new avenues for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Abstract
Increased endothelial permeability and reduction of alveolar liquid clearance capacity are two leading pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary edema, which is a major complication of acute lung injury, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the pathologies characterized by unacceptably high rates of morbidity and mortality. Besides the success in protective ventilation strategies, no efficient pharmacological approaches exist to treat this devastating condition. Understanding of fundamental mechanisms involved in regulation of endothelial permeability is essential for development of barrier protective therapeutic strategies. Ongoing studies characterized specific barrier protective mechanisms and identified intracellular targets directly involved in regulation of endothelial permeability. Growing evidence suggests that, although each protective agonist triggers a unique pattern of signaling pathways, selected common mechanisms contributing to endothelial barrier protection may be shared by different barrier protective agents. Therefore, understanding of basic barrier protective mechanisms in pulmonary endothelium is essential for selection of optimal treatment of pulmonary edema of different etiology. This article focuses on mechanisms of lung vascular permeability, reviews major intracellular signaling cascades involved in endothelial monolayer barrier preservation and summarizes a current knowledge regarding recently identified compounds which either reduce pulmonary endothelial barrier disruption and hyperpermeability, or reverse preexisting lung vascular barrier compromise induced by pathologic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin G Birukov
- Lung Injury Center, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Aulakh GK, Suri SS, Singh B. Angiostatin inhibits acute lung injury in a mouse model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 306:L58-68. [PMID: 24213918 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00368.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury is marked by profound influx of activated neutrophils, which have delayed apoptosis, along with fluid accumulation that impairs lung function and causes high mortality. Inflammatory and antimicrobial molecules, such as reactive oxygen species from activated neutrophils with prolonged lifespan, cause tissue damage and contribute to lung dysfunction. Angiostatin, an endogenous antiangiogenic molecule, is expressed in the lavage fluid of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and modifies neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis. Our aim was to investigate the therapeutic role of angiostatin in acute lung injury. We analyzed bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissues from C57BL/6 mouse model of Escherichia coli LPS-induced acute lung injury to assess the effects of angiostatin treatment. Subcutaneous angiostatin administered at 5 h after LPS treatment reduces histological signs of inflammation, protein accumulation, lung Gr1+ neutrophils, myeloperoxidase activity, and expression of phosphorylated p38 MAPK in lung tissues and peripheral blood neutrophils, while increasing the number of apoptotic cells in the lungs without affecting the levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 α, IL-1β, keratinocyte chemoattractant, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in lavage and lung homogenates at 9 and 24 h after LPS treatment. In contrast, angiostatin administered intravenously 5 h after LPS treatment did not reduce histological sign of inflammation, BAL cell recruitment, and protein concentration at 9 h of LPS treatment. We conclude that angiostatin administered subcutaneously after LPS challenge inhibits acute lung inflammation up to 24 h after LPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet K Aulakh
- 52 Campus Dr., Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, WCVM, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5B4, Canada.
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Mechanisms of indirect acute lung injury: a novel role for the coinhibitory receptor, programmed death-1. Ann Surg 2012; 255:158-64. [PMID: 21997806 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31823433ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of programmed death receptor (PD)-1 in the morbidity and mortality associated with the development of indirect-acute lung injury. BACKGROUND The immune cell interaction(s) leading to indirect-acute lung injury are not completely understood. In this respect, we have recently shown that the murine cell surface coinhibitory receptor, PD-1, has a role in septic morbidity/mortality that is mediated in part through the effects on the innate immune arm. However, it is not know if PD-1 has a role in the development of indirect-acute lung injury and how this may be mediated at a cellular level. METHODS PD-1 -/- mice were used in a murine model of indirect-acute lung injury (hemorrhagic shock followed 24 hours after with cecal ligation and puncture-septic challenge) and compared to wild type controls. Groups were initially compared for survival and subsequently for markers of pulmonary inflammation, influx of lymphocytes and neutrophils, and expression of PD-1 and its ligand-PD-L1. In addition, peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with indirect-acute lung injury were examined to assess changes in cellular PD-1 expression relative to mortality. RESULTS PD-1 -/- mice showed improved survival compared to wild type controls. In the mouse lung, CD4+, CD11c+, and Gr-1+ cells showed increased PD-1 expression in response to indirect-acute lung injury. However, although the rise in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid protein concentrations, lung IL-6, and lung MCP-1 were similar between PD-1 -/- and wild type animals subjected to indirect acute lung injury, the PD-1 -/- animals that were subjected to shock/septic challenge had reduced CD4:CD8 ratios, TNF-α levels, MPO activity, and Caspase 3 levels in the lung. Comparatively, we observed that humans, who survived their acute lung injury, had significantly lower expression of PD-1 on T cells. CONCLUSIONS PD-1 expression contributes to mortality after the induction of indirect-acute lung injury and this seems to be associated with modifications in the cellular and cytokine profiles in the lung.
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Wygrecka M, Wilhelm J, Jablonska E, Zakrzewicz D, Preissner KT, Seeger W, Guenther A, Markart P. Shedding of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor–related Protein-1 in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184:438-48. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201009-1422oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yang G, Lucas R, Caldwell R, Yao L, Romero MJ, Caldwell RW. Novel mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2011; 1:59-63. [PMID: 20877687 PMCID: PMC2945199 DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.64432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This condition increases the risk of developing coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial disease fourfold. Endothelial dysfunction is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of vascular disease in diabetes mellitus patients and has recently received increased attention. In this review article, some recent developments that could improve the knowledge of diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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Yang G, Hamacher J, Gorshkov B, White R, Sridhar S, Verin A, Chakraborty T, Lucas R. The Dual Role of TNF in Pulmonary Edema. J Cardiovasc Dis Res 2011; 1:29-36. [PMID: 21188088 PMCID: PMC3004168 DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.59983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
—Pulmonary edema, a major manifestation of left ventricular heart failure, renal insufficiency, shock, diffuse alveolar damage and lung hypersensitivity states, is a significant medical problem worldwide and can be life-threatening. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis and development of pulmonary edema. However, some recent studies have demonstrated surprisingly that TNF can also promote alveolar fluid reabsorption in vivo and in vitro. This protective effect of the cytokine is mediated by the lectin-like domain of the cytokine, which is spatially distinct from the TNF receptor binding sites. The TIP peptide, a synthetic mimic of the lectin-like domain of TNF, can significantly increase alveolar fluid clearance and improve lung compliance in pulmonary edema models. In this review, we will discuss the dual role of TNF in pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Vascular Biology Center & Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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Leikauf GD, Concel VJ, Liu P, Bein K, Berndt A, Ganguly K, Jang AS, Brant KA, Dietsch M, Pope-Varsalona H, Dopico RA, Di YPP, Li Q, Vuga LJ, Medvedovic M, Kaminski N, You M, Prows DR. Haplotype association mapping of acute lung injury in mice implicates activin a receptor, type 1. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183:1499-509. [PMID: 21297076 PMCID: PMC3137140 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201006-0912oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Because acute lung injury is a sporadic disease produced by heterogeneous precipitating factors, previous genetic analyses are mainly limited to candidate gene case-control studies. OBJECTIVES To develop a genome-wide strategy in which single nucleotide polymorphism associations are assessed for functional consequences to survival during acute lung injury in mice. METHODS To identify genes associated with acute lung injury, 40 inbred strains were exposed to acrolein and haplotype association mapping, microarray, and DNA-protein binding were assessed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The mean survival time varied among mouse strains with polar strains differing approximately 2.5-fold. Associations were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 11, and 12. Seven genes (Acvr1, Cacnb4, Ccdc148, Galnt13, Rfwd2, Rpap2, and Tgfbr3) had single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations within the gene. Because SNP associations may encompass "blocks" of associated variants, functional assessment was performed in 91 genes within ± 1 Mbp of each SNP association. Using 10% or greater allelic frequency and 10% or greater phenotype explained as threshold criteria, 16 genes were assessed by microarray and reverse real-time polymerase chain reaction. Microarray revealed several enriched pathways including transforming growth factor-β signaling. Transcripts for Acvr1, Arhgap15, Cacybp, Rfwd2, and Tgfbr3 differed between the strains with exposure and contained SNPs that could eliminate putative transcriptional factor recognition sites. Ccdc148, Fancl, and Tnn had sequence differences that could produce an amino acid substitution. Mycn and Mgat4a had a promoter SNP or 3'untranslated region SNPs, respectively. Several genes were related and encoded receptors (ACVR1, TGFBR3), transcription factors (MYCN, possibly CCDC148), and ubiquitin-proteasome (RFWD2, FANCL, CACYBP) proteins that can modulate cell signaling. An Acvr1 SNP eliminated a putative ELK1 binding site and diminished DNA-protein binding. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of genetic associations can be strengthened using a genetic/genomic approach. This approach identified several candidate genes, including Acvr1, associated with increased susceptibility to acute lung injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Leikauf
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219-3130, USA.
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Takahashi S, Miura N, Harada T, Wang Z, Wang X, Tsubokura H, Oshima Y, Hasegawa J, Inagaki Y, Shiota G. Prognostic impact of clinical course-specific mRNA expression profiles in the serum of perioperative patients with esophageal cancer in the ICU: a case control study. J Transl Med 2010; 8:103. [PMID: 20969744 PMCID: PMC2984412 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-8-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported that measuring circulating serum mRNAs using quantitative one-step real-time RT-PCR was clinically useful for detecting malignancies and determining prognosis. The aim of our study was to find crucial serum mRNA biomarkers in esophageal cancer that would provide prognostic information for post-esophagectomy patients in the critical care setting. Methods We measured serum mRNA levels of 11 inflammatory-related genes in 27 post-esophagectomy patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We tracked these levels chronologically, perioperatively and postoperatively, until the two-week mark, investigating their clinical and prognostic significance as compared with clinical parameters. Furthermore, we investigated whether gene expression can accurately predict clinical outcome and prognosis. Results Circulating mRNAs in postoperative esophagectomy patients had gene-specific expression profiles that varied with the clinical phase of their treatment. Multivariate regression analysis showed that upregulation of IL-6, VWF and TGF-β1 mRNA in the intraoperative phase (p = 0.016, 0.0021 and 0.009) and NAMPT and MUC1 mRNA on postoperative day 3 (p < 0.01) were independent factors of mortality in the first year of follow-up. Duration of ventilator dependence (DVD) and ICU stay were independent factors of poor prognosis (p < 0.05). Therapeutic use of Sivelestat (Elaspol®, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) significantly correlated with MUC1 and NAMPT mRNA expression (p = 0.048 and 0.045). IL-6 mRNA correlated with hypercytokinemia and recovery from hypercytokinemia (sensitivity 80.9%) and was a significant biomarker in predicting the onset of severe inflammatory diseases. Conclusion Chronological tracking of postoperative mRNA levels of inflammatory-related genes in esophageal cancer patients may facilitate early institution of pharamacologic therapy, prediction of treatment response, and prognostication during ICU management in the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsaku Takahashi
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tottori University School of Medicine, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
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The lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor improves lung function after rat lung transplantation--potential role for a reduction in reactive oxygen species generation. Crit Care Med 2010; 38:871-8. [PMID: 20081530 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181cdf725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor, mimicked by the TIP peptide, can improve lung function after unilateral orthotopic lung isotransplantation. Because of a lack of a specific treatment for ischemia reperfusion-mediated lung injury, accompanied by a disrupted barrier integrity and a dysfunctional alveolar liquid clearance, alternative therapies restoring these parameters after lung transplantation are required. DESIGN Prospective, randomized laboratory investigation. SETTING University-affiliated laboratory. SUBJECTS Adult female rats. INTERVENTIONS Tuberoinfundibular peptide, mimicking the lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor, mutant TIP peptide, N,N'-diacetylchitobiose/TIP peptide, and amiloride/TIP peptide were instilled intratracheally in the left lung immediately before the isotransplantation was performed. An additional group received an intravenous TIP peptide treatment, 1.5 mins before transplantation. Studies using isolated rat type II alveolar epithelial cell monolayers and ovine pulmonary endothelial cells were also performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Intratracheal pretreatment of the transplantable left lung with the TIP peptide, but not with an inactive mutant TIP peptide, resulted in significantly improved oxygenation 24 hrs after transplantation. This treatment led to a significantly reduced neutrophil content in the lavage fluid. Both the effects on oxygenation and neutrophil infiltration were inhibited by the epithelial sodium channel blocker amiloride. The TIP peptide blunted reactive oxygen species production in pulmonary artery endothelial cells under hypoxia and reoxygenation and reduced reactive oxygen species content in the transplanted rat lungs in vivo. Ussing chamber experiments using monolayers of primary type II rat pneumocytes indicated that the primary site of action of the peptide was on the apical side of these cells. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the TIP peptide significantly improves lung function after lung transplantation in the rat, in part, by reducing neutrophil content and reactive oxygen species generation. These studies suggest that the TIP peptide is a potential therapeutic agent against the ischemia reperfusion injury associated with lung transplantation.
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Galani V, Tatsaki E, Bai M, Kitsoulis P, Lekka M, Nakos G, Kanavaros P. The role of apoptosis in the pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): An up-to-date cell-specific review. Pathol Res Pract 2010; 206:145-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Roux J, Carles M, Koh H, Goolaerts A, Ganter MT, Chesebro BB, Howard M, Houseman BT, Finkbeiner W, Shokat KM, Paquet AC, Matthay MA, Pittet JF. Transforming growth factor beta1 inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-dependent cAMP-stimulated alveolar epithelial fluid transport via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:4278-90. [PMID: 19996317 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.036731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous or endogenous beta(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists enhance alveolar epithelial fluid transport via a cAMP-dependent mechanism that protects the lungs from alveolar flooding in acute lung injury. However, impaired alveolar fluid clearance is present in most of the patients with acute lung injury and is associated with increased mortality, although the mechanisms responsible for this inhibition of the alveolar epithelial fluid transport are not completely understood. Here, we found that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), a critical mediator of acute lung injury, inhibits beta(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist-stimulated vectorial fluid and Cl(-) transport across primary rat and human alveolar epithelial type II cell monolayers. This inhibition is due to a reduction in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator activity and biosynthesis mediated by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent heterologous desensitization and down-regulation of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptors. Consistent with these in vitro results, inhibition of the PI3K pathway or pretreatment with soluble chimeric TGF-beta type II receptor restored beta(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist-stimulated alveolar epithelial fluid transport in an in vivo model of acute lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats. The results demonstrate a novel role for TGF-beta1 in impairing the beta- adrenergic agonist-stimulated alveolar fluid clearance in acute lung injury, an effect that could be corrected by using PI3K inhibitors that are safe to use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Roux
- Laboratory of Surgical Research, Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, California 94110, USA.
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Singh B, Janardhan KS, Kanthan R. EXPRESSION OF ANGIOSTATIN, INTEGRINαvβ3, AND VITRONECTIN IN HUMAN LUNGS IN SEPSIS. Exp Lung Res 2009; 31:771-82. [PMID: 16368651 DOI: 10.1080/01902140500324901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Angiostatin, integrin alphavbeta3, and vitronectin play important roles in inflammation. However, there is very little information on expression of these molecules in the lungs of humans with sepsis. Therefore, as a first step to eventually study the function of these molecules, the authors conducted an immunohistochemical study to evaluate their expression in lungs of normal (N = 8) and sepsis patients (N = 8). In normal lungs, angiostatin expression was minimal in the alveolar septa and alveolar macrophages, and absent in large blood vessels, bronchioles, and interstitium. In sepsis patients, the staining was intense in the septa, neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, and large blood vessels. Integrin alphavbeta3 staining was observed in occasional bronchiolar epithelial cells and a few alveolar macrophages in the normal lungs. The integrin was expressed extensively and intensely in bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar macrophages, and with lesser intensity in large blood vessels in inflamed lungs. Compared to the normal lung, vitronectin expression was increased in alveolar macrophages and in vascular smooth muscles in inflamed lungs. These data show cell-specific increase in the expression of integrin alphavbeta3, angiostatin, and vitronectin in inflamed lungs of sepsis patients. Because all these molecules can have significant influence on inflammation, the data reported in this manuscript create a need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljit Singh
- Immunology Research Group and Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. baljit@
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Molecular mechanisms of endothelial hyperpermeability: implications in inflammation. Expert Rev Mol Med 2009; 11:e19. [PMID: 19563700 DOI: 10.1017/s1462399409001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial hyperpermeability is a significant problem in vascular inflammation associated with trauma, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, diabetes, thrombosis and cancer. An important mechanism underlying this process is increased paracellular leakage of plasma fluid and protein. Inflammatory stimuli such as histamine, thrombin, vascular endothelial growth factor and activated neutrophils can cause dissociation of cell-cell junctions between endothelial cells as well as cytoskeleton contraction, leading to a widened intercellular space that facilitates transendothelial flux. Such structural changes initiate with agonist-receptor binding, followed by activation of intracellular signalling molecules including calcium, protein kinase C, tyrosine kinases, myosin light chain kinase, and small Rho-GTPases; these kinases and GTPases then phosphorylate or alter the conformation of different subcellular components that control cell-cell adhesion, resulting in paracellular hypermeability. Targeting key signalling molecules that mediate endothelial-junction-cytoskeleton dissociation demonstrates a therapeutic potential to improve vascular barrier function during inflammatory injury.
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Hassoun HT, Lie ML, Grigoryev DN, Liu M, Tuder RM, Rabb H. Kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury induces caspase-dependent pulmonary apoptosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009; 297:F125-37. [PMID: 19403643 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.90666.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Distant organ effects of acute kidney injury (AKI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. While little is known about the underlying mechanisms, limited data suggest a role for inflammation and apoptosis. Utilizing a lung candidate gene discovery approach in a mouse model of ischemic AKI-induced lung dysfunction, we identified prominent lung activation of 66 apoptosis-related genes at 6 and/or 36 h following ischemia, of which 6 genes represent the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, and another 23 genes are associated with the TNFR pathway. Given that pulmonary apoptosis is an important pathogenic mechanism of acute lung injury (ALI), we hypothesized that AKI leads to pulmonary proapoptotic pathways that facilitate lung injury and inflammation. Functional correlation with 1) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling and 2) active caspase-3 (aC3) activity, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) identified kidney IRI-induced pulmonary apoptosis at 24 h, and colocalization studies with CD34 identified predominantly endothelial apoptosis. Mice were treated with the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (0.25 mg ip) or vehicle 1 h before and 8 h after sham or kidney IRI, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein was measured at 36 h as a surrogate for lung leak. Caspase inhibition reduced lung microvascular changes after kidney IRI. The pulmonary apoptosis seen in wild-type control mice during AKI was absent in TNFR(-/-) mice. Using an initial genomic approach to discovery followed by a mechanistic approach to disease targeting, we demonstrate that pulmonary endothelial apoptosis is a direct mediator of the distant organ dysfunction during experimental AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitham T Hassoun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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