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Hu S, Xu S, Lu W, Si Y, Wang Y, Du Z, Wang Y, Feng Z, Tang X. The research on the treatment of primary immunodeficiency diseases by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2022. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33295. [PMID: 37000105 PMCID: PMC10063298 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is curative in patients with primary immunodeficiency syndrome. The safety and efficacy of HSCT as a therapeutic option for primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) have been studied by many research groups. The purpose of our study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of research on HSCT for the treatment of PID, to assess research trends in this field, and note future research priorities. The Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was used to identify relevant publications. VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to analyze bibliometric parameters, such as yearly records, authors, grouped authors, countries, institutions, categories and keywords. There are 602 relevant records for the last decade (2013-2022). The top 5 productive authors and high-quality paper journals are listed. Reference co-citations analysis demonstrated recent research trends were "inborn errors of immunity," "gene editing," and "enteropathy." Research on HSCT for the treatment of PID has increased rapidly in the last decade, and bibliometrics are valuable for researchers to obtain an overview of hot categories, academic collaborations and trends in this study field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Hu
- Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Shixia Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Eden Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Children’s Internal Medicine, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjian Si
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Children’s Internal Medicine, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Children’s Internal Medicine, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlan Du
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Children’s Internal Medicine, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Tang
- Institute of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Children’s Internal Medicine, Faculty of Pediatrics, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Abstract
The earliest conceptual history of gene therapy began with the recognition of DNA as the transforming substance capable of changing the phenotypic character of a bacterium and then as the carrier of the genomic code. Early studies of oncogenic viruses that could insert into the mammalian genome led to the concept that these same viruses might be engineered to carry new genetic material into mammalian cells, including human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In addition to properly engineered vectors capable of efficient safe transduction of HSC, successful gene therapy required the development of efficient materials, methods, and equipment to procure, purify, and culture HSC. Increased understanding of the preparative conditioning of patients was needed to optimize the engraftment of genetically modified HSC. Testing concepts in pivotal clinical trials to assess the efficacy and determine the cause of adverse events has advanced the efficiency and safety of gene therapy. This article is a historical overview of the separate threads of discovery that joined together to comprise our current state of gene therapy targeting HSC.
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Magrin E, Semeraro M, Hebert N, Joseph L, Magnani A, Chalumeau A, Gabrion A, Roudaut C, Marouene J, Lefrere F, Diana JS, Denis A, Neven B, Funck-Brentano I, Negre O, Renolleau S, Brousse V, Kiger L, Touzot F, Poirot C, Bourget P, El Nemer W, Blanche S, Tréluyer JM, Asmal M, Walls C, Beuzard Y, Schmidt M, Hacein-Bey-Abina S, Asnafi V, Guichard I, Poirée M, Monpoux F, Touraine P, Brouzes C, de Montalembert M, Payen E, Six E, Ribeil JA, Miccio A, Bartolucci P, Leboulch P, Cavazzana M. Long-term outcomes of lentiviral gene therapy for the β-hemoglobinopathies: the HGB-205 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:81-88. [PMID: 35075288 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) are the most prevalent monogenic disorders worldwide. Trial HGB-205 ( NCT02151526 ) aimed at evaluating gene therapy by autologous CD34+ cells transduced ex vivo with lentiviral vector BB305 that encodes the anti-sickling βA-T87Q-globin expressed in the erythroid lineage. HGB-205 is a phase 1/2, open-label, single-arm, non-randomized interventional study of 2-year duration at a single center, followed by observation in long-term follow-up studies LTF-303 ( NCT02633943 ) and LTF-307 ( NCT04628585 ) for TDT and SCD, respectively. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were similar to those for allogeneic transplantation but restricted to patients lacking geno-identical, histocompatible donors. Four patients with TDT and three patients with SCD, ages 13-21 years, were treated after busulfan myeloablation 4.6-7.9 years ago, with a median follow-up of 4.5 years. Key primary endpoints included mortality, engraftment, replication-competent lentivirus and clonal dominance. No adverse events related to the drug product were observed. Clinical remission and remediation of biological hallmarks of the disease have been sustained in two of the three patients with SCD, and frequency of transfusions was reduced in the third. The patients with TDT are all transfusion free with improvement of dyserythropoiesis and iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Magrin
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Semeraro
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Hebert
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, Créteil, France.,Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Laure Joseph
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Alessandra Magnani
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Anne Chalumeau
- IMAGINE Institute, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Gabrion
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Roudaut
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Jouda Marouene
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Francois Lefrere
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Diana
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Denis
- IMAGINE Institute, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Pediatric Immunology and Hematology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Funck-Brentano
- Pediatric Immunology and Hematology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Negre
- CEA, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Division of Innovative Therapies, Institut François Jacob, Fontenay aux Roses, France.,Bluebird Bio, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Renolleau
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Valentine Brousse
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Kiger
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - Fabien Touzot
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Poirot
- Department of Hematology, Fertility Preservation, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bourget
- Pharmacy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Wassim El Nemer
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- Pediatric Immunology and Hematology Department, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Tréluyer
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Yves Beuzard
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, Créteil, France.,CEA, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Division of Innovative Therapies, Institut François Jacob, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | | | - Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Université de Paris, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Guichard
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, Paris, France
| | - Maryline Poirée
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lenval, Nice, France
| | - Fabrice Monpoux
- Unité d'Hémato-Oncologie Infantile. Hôpital de l'Archet 2, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière, and Sorbonne University, Pierre et Marie Curie School of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Brouzes
- Laboratory of Onco-hematology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Mariane de Montalembert
- Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Payen
- CEA, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Division of Innovative Therapies, Institut François Jacob, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Emmanuelle Six
- IMAGINE Institute, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Antoine Ribeil
- Biotherapy Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Biothérapie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, GH Paris Centre, Paris, France.,Bluebird Bio, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Annarita Miccio
- IMAGINE Institute, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Bartolucci
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, EFS, IMRB, Créteil, France.,Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- CEA, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Division of Innovative Therapies, Institut François Jacob, Fontenay aux Roses, France. .,Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- Université de Paris, Paris, France. .,IMAGINE Institute, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,Biotherapy Department and Clinical Investigation Center, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France.
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Koniali L, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M. Therapy Development by Genome Editing of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1492. [PMID: 34198536 PMCID: PMC8231983 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accessibility of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for the manipulation and repopulation of the blood and immune systems has placed them at the forefront of cell and gene therapy development. Recent advances in genome-editing tools, in particular for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) and CRISPR/Cas-derived editing systems, have transformed the gene therapy landscape. Their versatility and the ability to edit genomic sequences and facilitate gene disruption, correction or insertion, have broadened the spectrum of potential gene therapy targets and accelerated the development of potential curative therapies for many rare diseases treatable by transplantation or modification of HSCs. Ongoing developments seek to address efficiency and precision of HSC modification, tolerability of treatment and the distribution and affordability of corresponding therapies. Here, we give an overview of recent progress in the field of HSC genome editing as treatment for inherited disorders and summarize the most significant findings from corresponding preclinical and clinical studies. With emphasis on HSC-based therapies, we also discuss technical hurdles that need to be overcome en route to clinical translation of genome editing and indicate advances that may facilitate routine application beyond the most common disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Koniali
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Carsten W. Lederer
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Marina Kleanthous
- Department of Molecular Genetics Thalassemia, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (L.K.); (M.K.)
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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Bulaeva E, Pellacani D, Nakamichi N, Hammond CA, Beer PA, Lorzadeh A, Moksa M, Carles A, Bilenky M, Lefort S, Shu J, Wilhelm BT, Weng AP, Hirst M, Eaves CJ. MYC-induced human acute myeloid leukemia requires a continuing IL-3/GM-CSF costimulus. Blood 2020; 136:2764-2773. [PMID: 33301029 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic clones with leukemogenic mutations arise in healthy people as they age, but progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rare. Recent evidence suggests that the microenvironment may play an important role in modulating human AML population dynamics. To investigate this concept further, we examined the combined and separate effects of an oncogene (c-MYC) and exposure to interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and stem cell factor (SCF) on the experimental genesis of a human AML in xenografted immunodeficient mice. Initial experiments showed that normal human CD34+ blood cells transduced with a lentiviral MYC vector and then transplanted into immunodeficient mice produced a hierarchically organized, rapidly fatal, and serially transplantable blast population, phenotypically and transcriptionally similar to human AML cells, but only in mice producing IL-3, GM-CSF, and SCF transgenically or in regular mice in which the cells were exposed to IL-3 or GM-CSF delivered using a cotransduction strategy. In their absence, the MYC+ human cells produced a normal repertoire of lymphoid and myeloid progeny in transplanted mice for many months, but, on transfer to secondary mice producing the human cytokines, the MYC+ cells rapidly generated AML. Indistinguishable diseases were also obtained efficiently from both primitive (CD34+CD38-) and late granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) cells. These findings underscore the critical role that these cytokines can play in activating a malignant state in normally differentiating human hematopoietic cells in which MYC expression has been deregulated. They also introduce a robust experimental model of human leukemogenesis to further elucidate key mechanisms involved and test strategies to suppress them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bulaeva
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Davide Pellacani
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Naoto Nakamichi
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin A Hammond
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Philip A Beer
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Lorzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Moksa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Annaïck Carles
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Misha Bilenky
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Lefort
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeremy Shu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brian T Wilhelm
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; and
| | - Andrew P Weng
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Hirst
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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7
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Yang H, Qing K, Keeler GD, Yin L, Mietzsch M, Ling C, Hoffman BE, Agbandje-McKenna M, Tan M, Wang W, Srivastava A. Enhanced Transduction of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells by AAV6 Vectors: Implications in Gene Therapy and Genome Editing. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:451-458. [PMID: 32276210 PMCID: PMC7150427 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have reported that of the 10 most commonly used adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype vectors, AAV6 is the most efficient in transducing primary human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro, as well as in vivo. More recently, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), was reported to be a superior replacement for human serum albumin (HSA) for ex vivo expansion of HSCs. Since HSA has been shown to increase the transduction efficiency of AAV serotype vectors, we evaluated whether PVA could also enhance the transduction efficiency of AAV6 vectors in primary human HSCs. We report here that up to 12-fold enhancement in the transduction efficiency of AAV6 vectors can be achieved in primary human HSCs with PVA. We also demonstrate that the improvement in the transduction efficiency is due to PVA-mediated improved entry and intracellular trafficking of AAV6 vectors in human hematopoietic cells in vitro, as well as in murine hepatocytes in vivo. Taken together, our studies suggest that the use of PVA is an attractive strategy to further improve the efficacy of AAV6 vectors. This has important implications in the optimal use of these vectors in the potential gene therapy and genome editing for human hemoglobinopathies such as β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Cell and Gene Therapy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keyun Qing
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Keeler
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ling Yin
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mario Mietzsch
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brad E Hoffman
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mengqun Tan
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Cell and Gene Therapy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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8
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Bhat V, Lee-Wing V, Hu P, Raouf A. Isolation and characterization of a new basal-like luminal progenitor in human breast tissue. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:269. [PMID: 31443683 PMCID: PMC6708178 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult stem cells and progenitors are responsible for breast tissue regeneration. Human breast epithelial progenitors are organized in a lineage hierarchy consisting of bipotent progenitors (BPs), myoepithelial- and luminal-restricted progenitors (LRPs) where the LRP differentiation into mature luminal cells requires estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. However, the experimental evidence exploring the relationship between the BPs and LRPs has remained elusive. In this study, we report the presence of a basal-like luminal progenitor (BLP) in human breast epithelial cells. Methods Breast reduction samples were used to obtain different subsets of human breast epithelial cell based on cell surface marker expression using flow cytometry. Loss of function and gain of function studies were employed to demonstrate the role of NOTCH3 (NR3)-FRIZZLED7 (FZD7) signaling in luminal cell fate commitment. Results Our results suggest that, NR3-FZD7 signaling axis was necessary for luminal cell fate commitment. Similar to LRPs, BLPs (NR3highFZD7highCD90+MUC1−ER−) differentiate to generate NR3medFZD7medCD90−MUC1+ER+ luminal cells. Unlike LRPs however, BLP’s proliferation and differentiation potentials depend on NR3 and regulated in part by FZD7 signaling. Lastly, we show that BLPs have a higher colony-forming potential than LRPs and that they are continuously generated from the NOTCH3−FZD7low subset of the bipotent progenitors. Conclusion Our data indicate that BPs differentiate to generate basal-like luminal progenitors that in turn differentiate into LRPs. These results provide new insights into the hierarchical organization of human breast epithelial cell and how cooperation between the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways define a new progenitor cell type. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1361-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeva Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Canada.,Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Victoria Lee-Wing
- Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Afshin Raouf
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre, 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Canada. .,Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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9
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Diepstraten ST, Hart AH. Modelling human haemoglobin switching. Blood Rev 2018; 33:11-23. [PMID: 30616747 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genetic lesions of the β-globin gene result in haemoglobinopathies such as β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. To discover and test new molecular medicines for β-haemoglobinopathies, cell-based and animal models are now being widely utilised. However, multiple in vitro and in vivo models are required due to the complex structure and regulatory mechanisms of the human globin gene locus, subtle species-specific differences in blood cell development, and the influence of epigenetic factors. Advances in genome sequencing, gene editing, and precision medicine have enabled the first generation of molecular therapies aimed at reactivating, repairing, or replacing silenced or damaged globin genes. Here we compare and contrast current animal and cell-based models, highlighting their complementary strengths, reflecting on how they have informed the scope and direction of the field, and describing some of the novel molecular and precision medicines currently under development or in clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Diepstraten
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Adam H Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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10
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Gentner E, Vegi NM, Mulaw MA, Mandal T, Bamezai S, Claus R, Tasdogan A, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Grunenberg A, Döhner K, Döhner H, Bullinger L, Haferlach T, Buske C, Rawat VPS, Feuring-Buske M. VENTX induces expansion of primitive erythroid cells and contributes to the development of acute myeloid leukemia in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86889-86901. [PMID: 27888632 PMCID: PMC5349961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox genes are key regulators in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. The human Vent-like homeobox gene VENTX, a putative homolog of the Xenopus laevis Xvent-2 gene, was shown to be highly expressed in normal myeloid cells and in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. We now demonstrate that constitutive expression of VENTX suppresses expression of genes responsible for terminal erythroid differentiation in normal CD34+ stem and progenitor cells. Transplantation of bone marrow progenitor cells retrovirally engineered to express VENTX caused massive expansion of primitive erythroid cells and partly acute erythroleukemia in transplanted mice. The leukemogenic potential of VENTX was confirmed in the AML1-ETO transplantation model, as in contrast to AML1-ETO alone co-expression of AML1-ETO and VENTX induced acute myeloid leukemia, partly expressing erythroid markers, in all transplanted mice. VENTX was highly expressed in patients with primary human erythroleukemias and knockdown of VENTX in the erythroleukemic HEL cell line significantly blocked cell growth. In summary, these data indicate that VENTX is able to perturb erythroid differentiation and to contribute to myeloid leukemogenesis when co-expressed with appropriate AML oncogenes and point to its potential significance as a novel therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gentner
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Naidu M Vegi
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Medhanie A Mulaw
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamoghna Mandal
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Shiva Bamezai
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer Claus
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Alexander Grunenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Christian Buske
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Vijay P S Rawat
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, CCC and University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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11
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Galy A. Major Advances in the Development of Vectors for Clinical Gene Therapy of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from European Groups over the Last 25 Years. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:964-971. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Galy
- Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, Genethon, Inserm, Univ Evry, EPHE, Evry, France
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12
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Malik P. Gene Therapy for Hemoglobinopathies: Tremendous Successes and Remaining Caveats. Mol Ther 2016; 24:668-70. [PMID: 27081721 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Punam Malik
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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13
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Negre O, Eggimann AV, Beuzard Y, Ribeil JA, Bourget P, Borwornpinyo S, Hongeng S, Hacein-Bey S, Cavazzana M, Leboulch P, Payen E. Gene Therapy of the β-Hemoglobinopathies by Lentiviral Transfer of the β(A(T87Q))-Globin Gene. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:148-65. [PMID: 26886832 PMCID: PMC4779296 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
β-globin gene disorders are the most prevalent inherited diseases worldwide and result from abnormal β-globin synthesis or structure. Novel therapeutic approaches are being developed in an effort to move beyond palliative management. Gene therapy, by ex vivo lentiviral transfer of a therapeutic β-globin gene derivative (β(AT87Q)-globin) to hematopoietic stem cells, driven by cis-regulatory elements that confer high, erythroid-specific expression, has been evaluated in human clinical trials over the past 8 years. β(AT87Q)-globin is used both as a strong inhibitor of HbS polymerization and as a biomarker. While long-term studies are underway in multiple centers in Europe and in the United States, proof-of-principle of efficacy and safety has already been obtained in multiple patients with β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Negre
- 1 bluebird bio, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,2 CEA, Institute of Emerging Disease and Innovative Therapies (iMETI) , Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | | | - Yves Beuzard
- 2 CEA, Institute of Emerging Disease and Innovative Therapies (iMETI) , Fontenay aux Roses, France .,3 UMR 007, University of Paris 11 and CEA , CEA-iMETI, Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | | | - Philippe Bourget
- 4 Necker Hospital , Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Salima Hacein-Bey
- 6 Immunology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud , Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- 4 Necker Hospital , Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- 2 CEA, Institute of Emerging Disease and Innovative Therapies (iMETI) , Fontenay aux Roses, France .,3 UMR 007, University of Paris 11 and CEA , CEA-iMETI, Fontenay aux Roses, France .,5 Mahidol University , Bangkok, Thailand .,7 Harvard Medical School and Genetics Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emmanuel Payen
- 2 CEA, Institute of Emerging Disease and Innovative Therapies (iMETI) , Fontenay aux Roses, France .,3 UMR 007, University of Paris 11 and CEA , CEA-iMETI, Fontenay aux Roses, France .,8 INSERM , Paris, France
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14
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Bhat V, Sun YJ, Weger S, Raouf A. Notch-Induced Expression of FZD7 Requires Noncanonical NOTCH3 Signaling in Human Breast Epithelial Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:522-9. [PMID: 26847503 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Notch and Wnt signaling pathways have demonstrated roles in normal mammary gland development and in breast carcinogenesis. We previously reported that in human mammary gland, signaling through NOTCH3 alone regulates the commitment of the undifferentiated bipotential progenitors to the luminal cell fate, indicating that NOTCH3 may regulate the expression of unique genes apart from the other Notch receptors. In this study, we used gain of function and loss of function experiments and found that a Wnt signaling receptor, Frizzled7 (FZD7), is a unique and nonredundant target of NOTCH3 in human breast epithelial cells. Interestingly, neither the constitutively active forms of NOTCH1-2, 4 nor loss of expression of these receptors were able to alter expression of FZD7 in human breast epithelial cells. We further show that FZD7-expressing cells are found more frequently in the luminal progenitor-enriched subpopulation of cells obtained from breast reduction samples compared with the undifferentiated bipotent progenitors. Also, we show that NOTCH3-induced expression of FZD7 occurs in the absence of CSL (CBF1-Suppressor of Hairless-Lag-1). Our data suggest that noncanonical Notch signaling through NOTCH3 could modulate Wnt signaling via FZD7 and in this way, might be involved in luminal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeva Bhat
- 1 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .,2 Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yu Jia Sun
- 1 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .,2 Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Steve Weger
- 1 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .,2 Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Afshin Raouf
- 1 Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada .,2 Research Institute for Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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15
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de Dreuzy E, Bhukhai K, Leboulch P, Payen E. Current and future alternative therapies for beta-thalassemia major. Biomed J 2016; 39:24-38. [PMID: 27105596 PMCID: PMC6138429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-thalassemia is a group of frequent genetic disorders resulting in the synthesis of little or no β-globin chains. Novel approaches are being developed to correct the resulting α/β-globin chain imbalance, in an effort to move beyond the palliative management of this disease and the complications of its treatment (e.g. life-long red blood cell transfusion, iron chelation, splenectomy), which impose high costs on healthcare systems. Three approaches are envisaged: fetal globin gene reactivation by pharmacological compounds injected into patients throughout their lives, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and gene therapy. HSCT is currently the only treatment shown to provide an effective, definitive cure for β-thalassemia. However, this procedure remains risky and histocompatible donors are identified for only a small fraction of patients. New pharmacological compounds are being tested, but none has yet made it into common clinical practice for the treatment of beta-thalassemia major. Gene therapy is in the experimental phase. It is emerging as a powerful approach without the immunological complications of HSCT, but with other possible drawbacks. Rapid progress is being made in this field, and long-term efficacy and safety studies are underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard de Dreuzy
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Fontenay aux Roses, France; University of Paris 11, CEA-iMETI, 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Kanit Bhukhai
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Fontenay aux Roses, France; University of Paris 11, CEA-iMETI, 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Fontenay aux Roses, France; University of Paris 11, CEA-iMETI, 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Genetics Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston MA, USA; Mahidol University and Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Emmanuel Payen
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Fontenay aux Roses, France; University of Paris 11, CEA-iMETI, 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France; INSERM, Paris, France.
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16
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Barcoding reveals complex clonal dynamics of de novo transformed human mammary cells. Nature 2015; 528:267-71. [PMID: 26633636 DOI: 10.1038/nature15742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Most human breast cancers have diversified genomically and biologically by the time they become clinically evident. Early events involved in their genesis and the cellular context in which these events occur have thus been difficult to characterize. Here we present the first formal evidence of the shared and independent ability of basal cells and luminal progenitors, isolated from normal human mammary tissue and transduced with a single oncogene (KRAS(G12D)), to produce serially transplantable, polyclonal, invasive ductal carcinomas within 8 weeks of being introduced either subrenally or subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. DNA barcoding of the initial cells revealed a dramatic change in the numbers and sizes of clones generated from them within 2 weeks, and the first appearance of many 'new' clones in tumours passaged into secondary recipients. Both primary and secondary tumours were phenotypically heterogeneous and primary tumours were categorized transcriptionally as 'normal-like'. This system challenges previous concepts that carcinogenesis in normal human epithelia is necessarily a slow process requiring the acquisition of multiple driver mutations. It also presents the first description of initial events that accompany the genesis and evolution of malignant human mammary cell populations, thereby contributing new understanding of the rapidity with which heterogeneity in their properties can develop.
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17
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Beer PA, Eaves CJ. Modeling Normal and Disordered Human Hematopoiesis. Trends Cancer 2015; 1:199-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Kang SYC, Kannan N, Zhang L, Martinez V, Rosin MP, Eaves CJ. Characterization of Epithelial Progenitors in Normal Human Palatine Tonsils and Their HPV16 E6/E7-Induced Perturbation. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 5:1210-1225. [PMID: 26527383 PMCID: PMC4682068 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human palatine tonsils are oropharyngeal lymphoid tissues containing multiple invaginations (crypts) in which the continuity of the outer surface epithelium is disrupted and the isolated epithelial cells intermingle with other cell types. We now show that primitive epithelial cells detectable in vitro in 2D colony assays and in a 3D culture system are CD44+NGFR+ and present in both surface and crypt regions. Transcriptome analysis indicated a high similarity between CD44+NGFR+ cells in both regions, although those isolated from the crypt contained a higher proportion of the most primitive (holo)clonogenic cells. Lentiviral transduction of CD44+NGFR+ cells from both regions with human papillomavirus 16-encoded E6/E7 prolonged their growth in 2D cultures and caused aberrant differentiation in 3D cultures. Our findings therefore reveal a shared, site-independent, hierarchical organization, differentiation potential, and transcriptional profile of normal human tonsillar epithelial progenitor cells. They also introduce a new model for investigating the mechanisms of their transformation. Tonsillar surface and crypt epithelial progenitor cells are detected similarly Both surface and crypt epithelial progenitors in the tonsil are CD44+NGFR+ Stratified epithelium can be regenerated from primitive tonsillar crypt cells HPV16 E6/E7 deregulates crypt epithelial progenitor growth and differentiation
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yoon Catherine Kang
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lewei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Victor Martinez
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Miriam P Rosin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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19
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A New Approach in Gene Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Human Olfactory Ensheathing Cells as a Novel Carrier for Suicide Gene Delivery. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5118-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Saliba AN, Alameddine RS, Harb AR, Taher AT. Globin gene regulation for treating β-thalassemias: progress, obstacles and future. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1074071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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von Palffy S, Bulaeva E, Babovic S, Kannan N, Knapp DJ, Wei L, Eaves CJ, Beer PA. Dominant-negative IKAROS enhances IL-3-stimulated signaling in wild-type but not BCR-ABL1+ mouse BA/F3 cells. Exp Hematol 2015; 43:514-23.e1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Yannaki E, Karponi G. Current Status and Developments in Gene Therapy for Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease. THALASSEMIA REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.4081/thal.2014.4876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
β-thalassemias and sickle cell anemia (SCA) are the most common monogenic diseases worldwide for which curative treatments remain a desired goal. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT), - the only curative treatment currently available for hemoglobinopaties-, has a narrow application window whereas it incurs several immunological risks. Gene therapy (GT), that is the autologous transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells (CD34+), represents a promising new therapeutic strategy which is anticipated to reestablish effective hemoglobin production and render patients transfusion- and drug- independent without the immunological complications that normally accompany allo-HCT. Prior to the application of GT for hemoglobinopathies in the clinic, many years of extensive preclinical research were spent for the optimization of the gene transfer tools and conditions. To date, three GT clinical trials for β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) have been conducted or are in progress and 3 cases of transfusion independence in thalassemic β0/βΕ patients have been reported. In the present review, the prerequisites for successful implementation of GT, the tough pathway of GT for hemoglobinopathies towards the clinic and the knowledge gained from the first clinical trials as well as the remaining questions and challenges, will be discussed. Overall, after decades of research including achievements but pitfalls as well, the path to GT of human patients with hemoglobinopathies is currently open and highly promising...
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23
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Disruption of IKAROS activity in primitive chronic-phase CML cells mimics myeloid disease progression. Blood 2014; 125:504-15. [PMID: 25370416 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-06-581173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Without effective therapy, chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) evolves into an acute leukemia (blast crisis [BC]) that displays either myeloid or B-lymphoid characteristics. This transition is often preceded by a clinically recognized, but biologically poorly characterized, accelerated phase (AP). Here, we report that IKAROS protein is absent or reduced in bone marrow blasts from most CML patients with advanced myeloid disease (AP or BC). This contrasts with primitive CP-CML cells and BCR-ABL1-negative acute myeloid leukemia blasts, which express readily detectable IKAROS. To investigate whether loss of IKAROS contributes to myeloid disease progression in CP-CML, we examined the effects of forced expression of a dominant-negative isoform of IKAROS (IK6) in CP-CML patients' CD34(+) cells. We confirmed that IK6 disrupts IKAROS activity in transduced CP-CML cells and showed that it confers on them features of AP-CML, including a prolonged increased output in vitro and in xenografted mice of primitive cells with an enhanced ability to differentiate into basophils. Expression of IK6 in CD34(+) CP-CML cells also led to activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 and transcriptional repression of its negative regulators. These findings implicate loss of IKAROS as a frequent step and potential diagnostic harbinger of progressive myeloid disease in CML patients.
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24
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Beer PA, Knapp DJHF, Kannan N, Miller PH, Babovic S, Bulaeva E, Aghaeepour N, Rabu G, Rostamirad S, Shih K, Wei L, Eaves CJ. A dominant-negative isoform of IKAROS expands primitive normal human hematopoietic cells. Stem Cell Reports 2014; 3:841-57. [PMID: 25418728 PMCID: PMC4235152 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted IKAROS activity is a recurrent feature of some human leukemias, but effects on normal human hematopoietic cells are largely unknown. Here, we used lentivirally mediated expression of a dominant-negative isoform of IKAROS (IK6) to block normal IKAROS activity in primitive human cord blood cells and their progeny. This produced a marked (10-fold) increase in serially transplantable multipotent IK6+ cells as well as increased outputs of normally differentiating B cells and granulocytes in transplanted immunodeficient mice, without producing leukemia. Accompanying T/natural killer (NK) cell outputs were unaltered, and erythroid and platelet production was reduced. Mechanistically, IK6 specifically increased human granulopoietic progenitor sensitivity to two growth factors and activated CREB and its targets (c-FOS and Cyclin B1). In more primitive human cells, IK6 prematurely initiated a B cell transcriptional program without affecting the hematopoietic stem cell-associated gene expression profile. Some of these effects were species specific, thus identifying novel roles of IKAROS in regulating normal human hematopoietic cells. IKAROS protein is abundantly expressed in primitive human hematopoietic cells IK6 enhances human blood stem cell expansion in vivo without causing leukemia IK6 has a unique profile of lineage-specific effects on human hematopoietic cells IK6 activates B-lineage transcripts prematurely in human blood stem cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Beer
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David J H F Knapp
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Paul H Miller
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sonja Babovic
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bulaeva
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Rabu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Shabnam Rostamirad
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Kingsley Shih
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Lisa Wei
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
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25
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Kamoun PP. Gene therapy: a novel way to treat respiratory failure? Med Hypotheses 2014; 82:719-20. [PMID: 24679667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory failure leads to tissue hypoxia and subsequent organ damage. The crocodile hemoglobin affinity for oxygen is significantly reduced in the presence of CO2, allowing crocodiles to stay under water for more than 1h. The crocodile bicarbonate effect can possibly be transplanted into the human hemoglobin by replacing only five and seven amino acid residues in the β-globin and α-globin chains, respectively. The resulting hybrid formed by these modified chains has been named Scuba hemoglobin. The in vitro production of Scuba hemoglobin by human hematopoietic stem cells and their reintroduction into the blood could be an interesting tool to improve tissue oxygenation in patients suffering from respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre P Kamoun
- Paris V University, 26 rue de Chartres, 92200 Neuilly, France.
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Nguyen L, Makarem M, Carles A, Moksa M, Kannan N, Pandoh P, Eirew P, Osako T, Kardel M, Cheung A, Kennedy W, Tse K, Zeng T, Zhao Y, Humphries R, Aparicio S, Eaves C, Hirst M. Clonal Analysis via Barcoding Reveals Diverse Growth and Differentiation of Transplanted Mouse and Human Mammary Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 14:253-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
β-thalassemia is an inherited disorder due to mutations found in the β-globin gene, leading to anemia and requiring sporadic or chronic blood transfusions for survival. Without proper chelation, β-thalassemia results in iron overload. Ineffective erythropoiesis can lead to iron overload even in untransfused patients who are affected by β-thalassemia intermedia. Better understanding of the molecular biologic aspects of this disorder has led to improvements in population screening and prenatal diagnosis, which, in turn, have led to dramatic reductions in the number of children born with β-thalassemia major in the Mediterranean littoral. However, as a consequence of decreases in neonatal and childhood mortality in other geographical areas, β-thalassemia has become a worldwide clinical problem. A number of unsolved pathophysiological issues remain, such as ineffective erythropoieis, abnormal iron absorption, oxidative stress, splenomegaly and thrombosis. In the last few years, novel studies have the potential to introduce new therapeutic approaches that might reduce these problems and limit the need for blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Rivella
- Weill College Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, 515 E 71st Street, S702, New York, NY 10021, USA, Tel.: +1 212 746 4941, ,
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Breda L, Rivella S, Zuccato C, Gambari R. Combining gene therapy and fetal hemoglobin induction for treatment of β-thalassemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2013; 6:255-64. [PMID: 23782080 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.13.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
β-thalassemias are caused by nearly 300 mutations of the β-globin gene, leading to a low or absent production of adult hemoglobin (HbA). Two major therapeutic approaches have recently been proposed: gene therapy and induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) with the objective of achieving clinically relevant levels of Hbs. The objective of this article is to describe the development of therapeutic strategies based on a combination of gene therapy and induction of HbFs. An increase of β-globin gene expression in β-thalassemia cells can be achieved by gene therapy, although de novo production of clinically relevant levels of adult Hb may be difficult to obtain. On the other hand, an increased production of HbF is beneficial in β-thalassemia. The combination of gene therapy and HbF induction appears to be a pertinent strategy to achieve clinically relevant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Breda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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The Lin28b-let-7-Hmga2 axis determines the higher self-renewal potential of fetal haematopoietic stem cells. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15:916-25. [PMID: 23811688 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mouse haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo a postnatal transition in several properties, including a marked reduction in their self-renewal activity. We now show that the developmentally timed change in this key function of HSCs is associated with their decreased expression of Lin28b and an accompanying increase in their let-7 microRNA levels. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of Lin28 in adult HSCs elevates their self-renewal activity in transplanted irradiated hosts, as does overexpression of Hmga2, a well-established let-7 target that is upregulated in fetal HSCs. Conversely, HSCs from fetal Hmga2(-/-) mice do not exhibit the heightened self-renewal activity that is characteristic of wild-type fetal HSCs. Interestingly, overexpression of Hmga2 in adult HSCs does not mimic the ability of elevated Lin28 to activate a fetal lymphoid differentiation program. Thus, Lin28b may act as a master regulator of developmentally timed changes in HSC programs with Hmga2 serving as its specific downstream modulator of HSC self-renewal potential.
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Song L, Li X, Jayandharan GR, Wang Y, Aslanidi GV, Ling C, Zhong L, Gao G, Yoder MC, Ling C, Tan M, Srivastava A. High-efficiency transduction of primary human hematopoietic stem cells and erythroid lineage-restricted expression by optimized AAV6 serotype vectors in vitro and in a murine xenograft model in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58757. [PMID: 23516552 PMCID: PMC3597592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have observed that of the 10 AAV serotypes, AAV6 is the most efficient in transducing primary human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and that the transduction efficiency can be further increased by specifically mutating single surface-exposed tyrosine (Y) residues on AAV6 capsids. In the present studies, we combined the two mutations to generate a tyrosine double-mutant (Y705+731F) AAV6 vector, with which >70% of CD34+ cells could be transduced. With the long-term objective of developing recombinant AAV vectors for the potential gene therapy of human hemoglobinopathies, we generated the wild-type (WT) and tyrosine-mutant AAV6 vectors containing the following erythroid cell-specific promoters: β-globin promoter (βp) with the upstream hyper-sensitive site 2 (HS2) enhancer from the β-globin locus control region (HS2-βbp), and the human parvovirus B19 promoter at map unit 6 (B19p6). Transgene expression from the B19p6 was significantly higher than that from the HS2-βp, and increased up to 30-fold and up to 20-fold, respectively, following erythropoietin (Epo)-induced differentiation of CD34+ cells in vitro. Transgene expression from the B19p6 or the HS2-βp was also evaluated in an immuno-deficient xenograft mouse model in vivo. Whereas low levels of expression were detected from the B19p6 in the WT AAV6 capsid, and that from the HS2-βp in the Y705+731F AAV6 capsid, transgene expression from the B19p6 promoter in the Y705+731F AAV6 capsid was significantly higher than that from the HS2-βp, and was detectable up to 12 weeks post-transplantation in primary recipients, and up to 6 additional weeks in secondary transplanted animals. These data demonstrate the feasibility of the use of the novel Y705+731F AAV6-B19p6 vectors for high-efficiency transduction of HSCs as well as expression of the b-globin gene in erythroid progenitor cells for the potential gene therapy of human hemoglobinopathies such as β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujiang Song
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Xiangya Biomedicine, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiaomiao Li
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Giridhara R. Jayandharan
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - George V. Aslanidi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chen Ling
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Li Zhong
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guangping Gao
- Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Physiology Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Herman B Well Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqun Tan
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Xiangya Biomedicine, Shenzhen, China
- * E-mail: (MT); (AS)
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MT); (AS)
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Cao Z, Yu D, Fu S, Zhang G, Pan Y, Bao M, Tu J, Shang B, Guo P, Yang P, Zhou Q. Lycorine hydrochloride selectively inhibits human ovarian cancer cell proliferation and tumor neovascularization with very low toxicity. Toxicol Lett 2013; 218:174-85. [PMID: 23376478 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation and robust neovascularization are prominent features of aggressive ovarian cancers. Although great efforts in anti-ovarian cancer therapy have been made in the past 4 decades, the 5-year survival rates for ovarian cancer patients are still poor, and effective drugs to cure ovarian cancer patients are absent. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects of lycorine hydrochloride (LH), a novel anti-ovarian cancer agent, using the highly-invasive ovarian cancer cell line, Hey1B, as a model. Our data showed that LH effectively inhibited mitotic proliferation of Hey1B cells (half maximal inhibitory concentration=1.2μM) with very low toxicity, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition through enhanced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and marked down-regulation of cyclin D3 expression. Moreover, LH suppressed both the formation of capillary-like tubes by Hey1B cells cultured in vitro and the ovarian cancer cell-dominant neovascularization in vivo when administered to Hey1B-xenotransplanted mice. LH also suppressed the expression of several key angiogenic genes, including VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Sema4D, and reduced Akt phosphorylation in Hey1B cells. These results suggest that LH selectively inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and neovascularization and is a potential drug candidate for anti-ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Cao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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Abstract
Abstract
High-level production of β-globin, γ-globin, or therapeutic mutant globins in the RBC lineage by hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy ameliorates or cures the hemoglobinopathies sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia, which are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Considerable efforts have been made in the last 2 decades in devising suitable gene-transfer vectors and protocols to achieve this goal. Five years ago, the first βE/β0-thalassemia major (transfusion-dependent) patient was treated by globin lentiviral gene therapy without injection of backup cells. This patient has become completely transfusion independent for the past 4 years and has global amelioration of the thalassemic phenotype. Partial clonal dominance for an intragenic site (HMGA2) of chromosomal integration of the vector was observed in this patient without a loss of hematopoietic homeostasis. Other patients are now receiving transplantations while researchers are carefully weighing the benefit/risk ratio and continuing the development of further modified vectors and protocols to improve outcomes further with respect to safety and efficacy.
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Gambari R. Alternative options for DNA-based experimental therapy of β-thalassemia. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012; 12:443-62. [PMID: 22413823 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.665047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta-thalassemias are caused by more than 200 mutations of the β-globin gene, leading to low or absent production of adult hemoglobin. Achievements have been made with innovative therapeutic strategies for β-thalassemias, based on research conducted at the levels of gene structure, transcription, mRNA processing and protein synthesis. AREAS COVERED The objective of this review is to describe the development of therapeutic strategies employing viral and non-viral DNA-based approaches for treatment of β-thalassemia. EXPERT OPINION Modification of β-globin gene expression in β-thalassemia cells has been achieved by gene therapy, correction of the mutated β-globin gene and RNA repair. In addition, cellular therapy has been proposed for β-thalassemia, including reprogramming of somatic cells to generate induced pluripotent stem cells to be genetically corrected. Based on the concept that increased production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is beneficial in β-thalassemia, DNA-based approaches to increase HbF production have been optimized, including treatment of target cells with lentiviral vectors carrying γ-globin genes. Finally, DNA-based targeting of α-globin gene expression has been applied to reduce the excess of α-globin production by β-thalassemia cells, one of the major causes of the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gambari
- University of Ferrara, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioPharmaNet and Laboratory for the Development of Gene and Pharmacogenomic Therapy of Thalassaemia, Ferrara, Italy.
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Tao J, Ji F, Liu B, Wang F, Dong F, Zhu Y. Improvement of deficits by transplantation of lentiviral vector-modified human amniotic mesenchymal cells after cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res 2012; 1448:1-10. [PMID: 22386515 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic membrane is known to have the ability to transdifferentiate into multiple organs and is expected to stimulate a reduced immunologic reaction. Human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMCs) do not express the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule and may be expected to show immunologic tolerance. A good deal of research has explored the clinical therapeutic potential of hAMCs. In the present study, we isolated hAMCs and transfected them with the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene using lentiviral vectors. These cells were then transplanted into the brains of rats subjected to a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The hAMCs survived for three weeks in the brains of the ischemic rats, and some of the transplanted hAMCs expressed the neuronal marker MAP2 and the neuronal progenitor marker Nestin. Furthermore, caspase-3 activity and iNOS expression were decreased in the vicinity of the graft and injection site. Importantly, intracerebral grafting of EGFP-modified hAMCs and BDNF-transduced hAMCs significantly ameliorated behavioral dysfunction in ischemic rats. BDNF-hAMCs ameliorated the behavioral dysfunction of rats more rapidly and effectively relative to EGFP-hAMC-treated rats. Finally, the grafts also reduced the infarct volume. hAMCs survived in the brain tissue and improved functional recovery. Because of the lack of ethical concerns and the high supply of these cells, hAMCs represent a promising clinical treatment for gene delivery similar to stem cell strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Tao
- Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Manavathi B, Lo D, Bugide S, Dey O, Imren S, Weiss MJ, Humphries RK. Functional regulation of pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox interacting protein 1 (PBXIP1/HPIP) in erythroid differentiation. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:5600-14. [PMID: 22187427 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.289843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox interacting protein 1 or human PBX1 interacting protein (PBXIP1/HPIP) is a co-repressor of pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) and is also known to regulate estrogen receptor functions by associating with the microtubule network. Despite its initial discovery in the context of hematopoietic cells, little is yet known about the role of HPIP in hematopoiesis. Here, we show that lentivirus-mediated overexpression of HPIP in human CD34(+) cells enhances hematopoietic colony formation in vitro, whereas HPIP knockdown leads to a reduction in the number of such colonies. Interestingly, erythroid colony number was significantly higher in HPIP-overexpressing cells. In addition, forced expression of HPIP in K562 cells, a multipotent erythro-megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, led to an induction of erythroid differentiation. HPIP overexpression in both CD34(+) and K562 cells was associated with increased activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, and corresponding treatment with a PI3K-specific inhibitor, LY-294002, caused a reduction in clonogenic progenitor number in HPIP-expressing CD34(+) cells and decreased K562 cell differentiation. Combined, these findings point to an important role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in mediating HPIP-induced effects on the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Interestingly, HPIP gene expression was found to be induced in K562 cells in response to erythroid differentiation signals such as DMSO and erythropoietin. The erythroid lineage-specific transcription factor GATA1 binds to the HPIP promoter and activates HPIP gene transcription in a CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF)-dependent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization experiments revealed the association of CTCF with GATA1 indicating the recruitment of CTCF/GATA1 transcription factor complex onto the HPIP promoter. Together, this study provides evidence that HPIP is a target of GATA1 and CTCF in erythroid cells and plays an important role in erythroid differentiation by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bramanandam Manavathi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, India.
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Recombinant AAV2-mediated β-globin expression in human fetal hematopoietic cells from the aborted fetuses with β-thalassemia major. Int J Hematol 2011; 93:691-699. [PMID: 21617888 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic correction of autologous hematopoietic stem cells has been proposed as an attractive treatment method for β-thalassemia. Our previous study has shown that recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (rAAV2) efficiently transduces human fetal liver hematopoietic cells, and mediates the expression of the human β-globin gene in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether rAAV2 could also mediate the expression of normal β-globin gene in human hematopoietic cells from β-thalassemia patients. Human hematopoietic cells were isolated from aborted β-thalassemia major fetuses, transduced with rAAV2-β-globin, and then transplanted into nude mice. We found that rAAV2-β-globin transduced human fetal hematopoietic cells, as determined by allele-specific PCR analysis. Furthermore, β-globin transgene expression was detected in human hematopoietic cells up to 70 days post-transplantation in the recipient mice. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis showed that human β-globin expression levels increased significantly compared with control, as indicated by a 1.2-2.8-fold increase in the ratio of β/α-globin chain. These novel data demonstrate that rAAV2 can transduce and mediate the normal β-globin gene expression in fetal hematopoietic cells from β-thalassemia patients. Our findings further support the potential use of rAAV-based gene therapy in the treatment of human β-thalassemia.
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Distribution of lentiviral vector integration sites in mice following therapeutic gene transfer to treat β-thalassemia. Mol Ther 2011; 19:1273-86. [PMID: 21386821 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2011.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A lentiviral vector encoding β-globin flanked by insulator elements has been used to treat β-thalassemia (β-Thal) successfully in one human subject. However, a clonal expansion was observed after integration in the HMGA2 locus, raising the question of how commonly lentiviral integration would be associated with possible insertional activation. Here, we report correcting β-Thal in a murine model using the same vector and a busulfan-conditioning regimen, allowing us to investigate efficacy and clonal evolution at 9.2 months after transplantation of bone marrow cells. The five gene-corrected recipient mice showed near normal levels of hemoglobin, reduced accumulation of reticulocytes, and normalization of spleen weights. Mapping of integration sites pretransplantation showed the expected favored integration in transcription units. The numbers of gene-corrected long-term repopulating cells deduced from the numbers of unique integrants indicated oligoclonal reconstitution. Clonal abundance was quantified using a Mu transposon-mediated method, indicating that clones with integration sites near growth-control genes were not enriched during growth. No integration sites involving HMGA2 were detected. Cells containing integration sites in genes became less common after prolonged growth, suggesting negative selection. Thus, β-Thal gene correction in mice can be achieved without expansion of cells harboring vectors integrated near genes involved in growth control.
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Therapeutic levels of fetal hemoglobin in erythroid progeny of β-thalassemic CD34+ cells after lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer. Blood 2010; 117:2817-26. [PMID: 21156846 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-08-300723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Thalassemia major results from severely reduced or absent expression of the β-chain of adult hemoglobin (α₂β₂;HbA). Increased levels of fetal hemoglobin (α₂γ₂;HbF), such as occurs with hereditary persistence of HbF, ameliorate the severity of β-thalassemia, raising the potential for genetic therapy directed at enhancing HbF. We used an in vitro model of human erythropoiesis to assay for enhanced production of HbF after gene delivery into CD34(+) cells obtained from mobilized peripheral blood of normal adults or steady-state bone marrow from patients with β-thalassemia major. Lentiviral vectors encoding (1) a human γ-globin gene with or without an insulator, (2) a synthetic zinc-finger transcription factor designed to interact with the γ-globin gene promoters, or (3) a short-hairpin RNA targeting the γ-globin gene repressor, BCL11A, were tested. Erythroid progeny of normal CD34(+) cells demonstrated levels of HbF up to 21% per vector copy. For β-thalassemic CD34(+) cells, similar gene transfer efficiencies achieved HbF production ranging from 45% to 60%, resulting in up to a 3-fold increase in the total cellular Hb content. These observations suggest that both lentiviral-mediated γ-globin gene addition and genetic reactivation of endogenous γ-globin genes have potential to provide therapeutic HbF levels to patients with β-globin deficiency.
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Abstract
After more than 1500 gene therapy clinical trials in the past two decades, the overall conclusion is that for gene therapy (GT) to be successful, the vector systems must still be improved in terms of delivery, expression and safety. The recent development of more efficient and stable vector systems has created great expectations for the future of GT. Impressive results were obtained in three primary immunodeficiencies and other inherited diseases such as congenital blindness, adrenoleukodystrophy or junctional epidermolysis bullosa. However, the development of leukemia in five children included in the GT clinical trials for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and the silencing of the therapeutic gene in the chronic granulomatous disease clearly showed the importance of improving safety and efficiency. In this review, we focus on the main strategies available to achieve physiological or tissue-specific expression of therapeutic transgenes and discuss the importance of controlling transgene expression to improve safety. We propose that tissue-specific and/or physiological viral vectors offer the best balance between efficiency and safety and will be the tools of choice for future clinical trials in GT of inherited diseases.
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Perumbeti A, Malik P. Therapy for beta-globinopathies: a brief review and determinants for successful and safe correction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1202:36-44. [PMID: 20712770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy for beta-globinopathies, particularly beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia, hold much promise for the future, as a one time cure for these common and debilitating disorders. Correction of the beta-globinopathies using lentivirus vectors (LV) carrying the beta- or gamma-globin genes and elements of the locus control region has been well established in murine models, and a good idea of "what it will take to cure these diseases" has been developed in the first decade of the twenty-first century. A clinical trial using one such vector has been initiated in France while other trials are in development. Vector improvements to enhance the safety and efficiency of LV are being explored, while newer strategies, like homologous recombination in induced pluripotent cells for correction of sickle cell anemia, has been shown as a proof-of-concept. Here we provide a review of current progress in genetic correction of beta-globin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Perumbeti
- Hematology-Oncology, Cancer and Blood Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Koentgen F, Suess G, Naf D. Engineering the mouse genome to model human disease for drug discovery. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 602:55-77. [PMID: 20012392 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-058-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered mice (GEM) have become invaluable tools for human disease modeling and drug development. Completion of the mouse genome sequence in combination with transgenesis and gene targeting in embryonal stem cells have opened up unprecedented opportunities. Advanced technologies for derivation of GEM models will be introduced and discussed.
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Arumugam P, Malik P. Genetic therapy for beta-thalassemia: from the bench to the bedside. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2010; 2010:445-450. [PMID: 21239833 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2010.1.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Beta-thalassemia is a genetic disorder with mutations in the β-globin gene that reduce or abolish β-globin protein production. Patients with β-thalassemia major (Cooley's anemia) become severely anemic by 6 to 18 months of age, and are transfusion dependent for life, while those with thalassemia intermedia, a less-severe form of thalassemia, are intermittently or rarely transfused. An allogeneically matched bone marrow transplant is curative, although it is restricted to those with matched donors. Gene therapy holds the promise of "fixing" one's own bone marrow cells by transferring the normal β-globin or γ-globin gene into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to permanently produce normal red blood cells. Requirements for effective gene transfer for the treatment of β-thalassemia are regulated, erythroid-specific, consistent, and high-level β-globin or γ-globin expression. Gamma retroviral vectors have had great success with immune-deficiency disorders, but due to vector-associated limitations, they have limited utility in hemoglobinopathies. Lentivirus vectors, on the other hand, have now been shown in several studies to correct mouse and animal models of thalassemia. The immediate challenges of the field as it moves toward clinical trials are to optimize gene transfer and engraftment of a high proportion of genetically modified HSCs and to minimize the adverse consequences that can result from random integration of vectors into the genome by improving current vector design or developing novel vectors. This article discusses the current state of the art in gene therapy for β-thalassemia and some of the challenges it faces in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paritha Arumugam
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Retroviral vectors encoding ADA regulatory locus control region provide enhanced T-cell-specific transgene expression. GENETIC VACCINES AND THERAPY 2009; 7:13. [PMID: 20042112 PMCID: PMC2809042 DOI: 10.1186/1479-0556-7-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Murine retroviral vectors have been used in several hundred gene therapy clinical trials, but have fallen out of favor for a number of reasons. One issue is that gene expression from viral or internal promoters is highly variable and essentially unregulated. Moreover, with retroviral vectors, gene expression is usually silenced over time. Mammalian genes, in contrast, are characterized by highly regulated, precise levels of expression in both a temporal and a cell-specific manner. To ascertain if recapitulation of endogenous adenosine deaminase (ADA) expression can be achieved in a vector construct we created a new series of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MuLV) based retroviral vector that carry human regulatory elements including combinations of the ADA promoter, the ADA locus control region (LCR), ADA introns and human polyadenylation sequences in a self-inactivating vector backbone. Methods A MuLV-based retroviral vector with a self-inactivating (SIN) backbone, the phosphoglycerate kinase promoter (PGK) and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), as a reporter gene, was generated. Subsequent vectors were constructed from this basic vector by deletion or addition of certain elements. The added elements that were assessed are the human ADA promoter, human ADA locus control region (LCR), introns 7, 8, and 11 from the human ADA gene, and human growth hormone polyadenylation signal. Retroviral vector particles were produced by transient three-plasmid transfection of 293T cells. Retroviral vectors encoding eGFP were titered by transducing 293A cells, and then the proportion of GFP-positive cells was determined using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Non T-cell and T-cell lines were transduced at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1 and the yield of eGFP transgene expression was evaluated by FACS analysis using mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) detection. Results Vectors that contained the ADA LCR were preferentially expressed in T-cell lines. Further improvements in T-cell specific gene expression were observed with the incorporation of additional cis-regulatory elements, such as a human polyadenylation signal and intron 7 from the human ADA gene. Conclusion These studies suggest that the combination of an authentically regulated ADA gene in a murine retroviral vector, together with additional locus-specific regulatory refinements, will yield a vector with a safer profile and greater efficacy in terms of high-level, therapeutic, regulated gene expression for the treatment of ADA-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency.
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Arumugam PI, Higashimoto T, Urbinati F, Modlich U, Nestheide S, Xia P, Fox C, Corsinotti A, Baum C, Malik P. Genotoxic potential of lineage-specific lentivirus vectors carrying the beta-globin locus control region. Mol Ther 2009; 17:1929-37. [PMID: 19707188 PMCID: PMC2835044 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insertional mutagenesis by long terminal repeat (LTR) enhancers in gamma-retrovirus-based vectors (GVs) in clinical trials has prompted deeper investigations into vector genotoxicity. Experimentally, self-inactivating (SIN) lentivirus vectors (LVs) and GV containing internal promoters/enhancers show reduced genotoxicity, although strong ubiquitously-active enhancers dysregulate genes independent of vector type/design. Herein, we explored the genotoxicity of beta-globin (BG) locus control region (LCR), a strong long-range lineage-specific-enhancer, with/without insulator (Ins) elements in LV using primary hematopoietic progenitors to generate in vitro immortalization (IVIM) assay mutants. LCR-containing LV had approximately 200-fold lower transforming potential, compared to the conventional GV. The LCR perturbed expression of few genes in a 300 kilobase (kb) proviral vicinity but no upregulation of genes associated with cancer, including an erythroid-specific transcription factor occurred. A further twofold reduction in transforming activity was observed with insulated LCR-containing LV. Our data indicate that toxicology studies of LCR-containing LV in mice will likely not yield any insertional oncogenesis with the numbers of animals that can be practically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paritha I Arumugam
- Division of Experimental Hematology/Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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Persons DA. Hematopoietic stem cell gene transfer for the treatment of hemoglobin disorders. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2009; 2009:690-697. [PMID: 20008255 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-targeted gene transfer is an attractive approach for the treatment of a number of hematopoietic disorders caused by single gene defects. Indeed, in a series of gene transfer trials for two different primary immunodeficiencies beginning early in this decade, outstanding success has been achieved. Despite generally low levels of engrafted, genetically modified HSCs, these trials were successful because of the marked selective advantage of gene-corrected lymphoid precursors that allowed reconstitution of the immune system. Unlike the immunodeficiencies, this robust level of in vivo selection is not available to hematopoietic repopulating cells or early progenitor cells following gene transfer of a therapeutic globin gene in the setting of beta-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Both preclinical and clinical transplant studies involving bone marrow chimeras suggest that 20% or higher levels of engraftment of genetically modified HSCs will be needed for clinical success in the most severe of these disorders. Encouragingly, gene transfer levels in this range have recently been reported in a lentiviral vector gene transfer clinical trial for children with adrenoleukodystrophy. A clinical gene transfer trial for beta-thalassemia has begun in France, and one patient with transfusion-dependent HbE/beta-thalassemia has demonstrated a therapeutic effect after transplantation with autologous CD34(+) cells genetically modified with a beta-globin lentiviral vector. Here, the development and recent progress of gene therapy for the hemoglobin disorders is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Persons
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Zhang ZH, Wang RZ, Wang RZ, Li GL, Wei JJ, Li ZJ, Feng M, Kang J, Du WC, Ma WB, Li YN, Yang Y, Kong YG. Transplantation of neural stem cells modified by human neurotrophin-3 promotes functional recovery after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2008; 444:227-30. [PMID: 18760326 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The study tested the hypothesis that transplantation of human neurotrophin-3 (hNT-3) over-expressing neural stem cells (NSCs) into rat striatum after a severe focal ischemia would promote functional recovery. Rat NSCs, transduced by Flag-tagged hNT-3 gene mediated by lentiviral vector (LV), were transplanted into the striatum ipsilateral to the injury of adult rats 7 days after 2-h occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). From 3 days to 2 weeks after transplantation, the modified cells (NSCs-hNT3, as defined by Flag immunofluorencence staining) that survived the transplantation procedures could secrete significantly higher levels of neurotrophin-3 protein in the graft sites than controls (P<0.001). Furthermore, the rats that accepted NSCs-hNT3 exhibited enhanced functional recovery on neurological and behavioral tests, compared with controlled animals transplanted with saline or untransduced NSCs. This study suggests: (1) LV is an ideal vector to transduce foreign gene into the NSCs; (2) modified NSCs could carry therapeutic genes to disease tissues and express effectively; (3) modified cells could survive in the ischemic brains and continue to secrete neurotrophin-3 abundantly for over 2 weeks, which might have values for enhancing functional recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Heng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
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Raouf A, Zhao Y, To K, Stingl J, Delaney A, Barbara M, Iscove N, Jones S, McKinney S, Emerman J, Aparicio S, Marra M, Eaves C. Transcriptome analysis of the normal human mammary cell commitment and differentiation process. Cell Stem Cell 2008; 3:109-18. [PMID: 18593563 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mature mammary epithelial cells are generated from undifferentiated precursors through a hierarchical process, but the molecular mechanisms involved, particularly in the human mammary gland, are poorly understood. To address this issue, we isolated highly purified subpopulations of primitive bipotent and committed luminal progenitor cells as well as mature luminal and myoepithelial cells from normal human mammary tissue and compared their transcriptomes obtained using three different methods. Elements unique to each subset of mammary cells were identified, and changes that accompany their differentiation in vivo were shown to be recapitulated in vitro. These include a stage-specific change in NOTCH pathway gene expression during the commitment of bipotent progenitors to the luminal lineage. Functional studies further showed NOTCH3 signaling to be critical for this differentiation event to occur in vitro. Taken together, these findings provide an initial foundation for future delineation of mechanisms that perturb primitive human mammary cell growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Raouf
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
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Unaltered repopulation properties of mouse hematopoietic stem cells transduced with lentiviral vectors. Blood 2008; 112:3138-47. [PMID: 18684860 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-03-142661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of retroviral-mediated gene transfer have shown that retroviral integrations themselves may trigger nonmalignant clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in transplant recipients. These observations suggested that previous conclusions of HSC dynamics based on gamma-retroviral gene marking should be confirmed with improved vectors having a more limited capacity to transactivate endogenous genes. Because of the low trans-activation activity of self-inactivating lentiviral vectors (LVs), we have investigated whether the LV marking of mouse HSCs induces a competitive repopulation advantage in recipients of serially transplants. As deduced from analyses conducted in primary and secondary recipients, we concluded that lentivirally transduced HSCs have no competitive repopulation advantages over untransduced HSCs. By linear amplification-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LAM-PCR) analysis, we characterized LV-targeted genes in HSC clones that engrafted up to quaternary recipients. Although 9 clones harbored integrations close to defined retroviral insertion sites, none was characterized as a common integration site, and none was present in HSC clones repopulating quaternary recipients. Taken together, our results show unaltered repopulation properties of HSCs transduced with LVs, and confirm early studies suggesting the natural capacity of a few HSC clones to generate a monoclonal or oligoclonal hematopoiesis in transplant recipients.
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In vivo selection of genetically modified erythroblastic progenitors leads to long-term correction of beta-thalassemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:10547-52. [PMID: 18650378 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0711666105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy for beta-thalassemia requires stable transfer of a beta-globin gene into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and high and regulated hemoglobin expression in the erythroblastic progeny. We developed an erythroid-specific lentiviral vector driving the expression of the human beta-globin gene from a minimal promoter/enhancer element containing two hypersensitive sites from the beta-globin locus control region. Transplantation of transduced HSCs into thalassemic mice leads to stable and long-term correction of anemia with all red blood cells expressing the transgene. A frequency of 30-50% of transduced HSCs, harboring an average vector copy number per cell of 1, was sufficient to fully correct the thalassemic phenotype. In the mouse model of Cooley's anemia transplantation of transduced cells rescues lethality, leading to either a normal or a thalassemia intermedia phenotype. We show that genetically corrected erythroblasts undergo in vivo selection with preferential survival of progenitors harboring proviral integrations in genome sites more favorable to high levels of vector-derived expression. These data provide a rationale for a gene therapy approach to beta-thalassemia based on partially myeloablative transplantation protocols.
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