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Anjum S, Wang Y, Xin Y, Li X, Li T, Zhang H, Quan L, Li Y, Arya DK, Rajinikanth P, Ao Q. Bioinspired core-shell nanofiber drug-delivery system modulates osteogenic and osteoclast activity for bone tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101088. [PMID: 38779556 PMCID: PMC11109009 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenic-osteoclast coupling processes play a crucial role in bone regeneration. Recently, strategies that focus on multi-functionalized implant surfaces to enhance the healing of bone defects through the synergistic regulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis is still a challenging task in the field of bone tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to create a dual-drug release-based core-shell nanofibers with the intent of achieving a time-controlled release to facilitate bone regeneration. We fabricated core-shell P/PCL nanofibers using coaxial electrospinning, where alendronate (ALN) was incorporated into the core layer and hydroxyapatite (HA) into shell. The surface of the nanofiber construct was further modified with mussel-derived polydopamine (PDA) to induce hydrophilicity and enhance cell interactions. Surface characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of PDA@PHA/PCL-ALN nanofibers endowed with excellent mechanical strength (20.02 ± 0.13 MPa) and hydrophilicity (22.56°), as well as the sustained sequential release of ALN and Ca ions. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PDA-functionalized core-shell PHA/PCL-ALN scaffolds possessed excellent cytocompatibility, enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenesis-related genes. In addition to osteogenesis, the engineered scaffolds also significantly reduced osteoclastogenesis, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression. After 12-week of implantation, it was observed that PDA@PHA/PCL-ALN nanofiber scaffolds, in a rat cranial defect model, significantly promoted bone repair and regeneration. Microcomputed tomography, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis collectively demonstrated that the PDA-functionalized core-shell PHA/PCL-ALN scaffolds exhibited exceptional osteogenesis-inducing and osteoclastogenesis-inhibiting effects. Finally, it may be concluded from our results that the bio-inspired surface-functionalized multifunctional, biomimetic and controlled release core-shell nanofiber provides a promising strategy to facilitate bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Anjum
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yuan Xin
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hengtong Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Liang Quan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Ya Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Dilip Kumar Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - P.S. Rajinikanth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device & National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
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Kamath RAD, Benson MD. EphB3 as a Potential Mediator of Developmental and Reparative Osteogenesis. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 212:125-137. [PMID: 34695818 PMCID: PMC9397499 DOI: 10.1159/000520369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ephrin-B family of membrane-bound ligands is involved in skeletal patterning, osteogenesis, and bone homeostasis. Yet, despite the increasing collection of data affirming their importance in bone, the Eph tyrosine kinases that serve as the receptors for these ephrins in osteoblast stem cell niches remain unidentified. Here we report the expression of EphB3 at sites of bone growth in the embryo, especially at the calvaria suture fronts, periosteum, chondrocytes, and trabeculae of developing long bones. Strong EphB3 expression persisted in the adult calvarial sutures and in the proliferative chondrocytes of long bones, both of which are documented niches for osteoblastic stem cells. We observed EphB3-positive cells in the tissue filling a created calvarial injury, further implying EphB3 involvement in bone healing. Genetic knockout of EphB3 caused an increase in the bone tissue volume as a fraction of total volume in 6-week-old calvaria and in femoral trabecular density, compared to wild type controls. This difference resolved by 12 weeks of age, when we instead observed an increase in the bone volume of femoral trabeculae and in trabecular thickness. Our data identify EphB3 as a candidate regulator of osteogenesis either alone or in combination with other bone-expressed Ephs, and indicate that it appears to function as a limiter of bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajay A. D. Kamath
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas TX 75246, USA
| | - M. Douglas Benson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas TX 75246, USA
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Kartika IGAA, Riani C, Insanu M, Adnyana IK. Peperomia pellucida extracts stimulates bone healing in alveolar socket following tooth extraction. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 12:302-307. [PMID: 35493308 PMCID: PMC9039093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peperomia pellucida’ extracts accelerate normal healing process of alveolar bone. Ethanol extract significantly increase trabecular thickness on tooth socket. The extracts can increase fibroblast significantly in short term administration. The extracts also can reduce the number of polymorphonuclear cells significantly. Some phytochemical compounds were firstly reported present in Peperomia pellucida.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gusti Agung Ayu Kartika
- Yoga and Health Study Program, Faculty of Brahma Widya, Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa, Kenyeri Gg Sekar Kemuda 2 Denpasar, 80237, Indonesia
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Catur Riani
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Insanu
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - I Ketut Adnyana
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
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Pan J, Liu JY. Mechanism, prevention, and treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:245-254. [PMID: 34041871 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity rate of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) increased rapidly in recent years. Thusfar, the mechanism of MRONJ has no consensus. The possible mechanisms may include bone remodeling inhibition theory, angiogenesis inhibition theory, oral microorganism infection theory, immunosuppression theory, cytotoxicity-targeted oral epithelial cells, microcrack formation of maxillary or mandibular bone, and single nucleotide polymorphism. However, the efficacy of prevention and treatment based on a single mechanism is not ideal. Routine oral examination before MRONJ-related drug treatment, treatment of related dental diseases, and regular oral follow-up during drug treatment are of great significance for the prevention of MRONJ. During the treatment of MRONJ, the stage of MRONJ must be determined accurately, treatment must be standardized in accordance with the guidelines, and personalized adjustments must be made considering the specific conditions of patients. This review aimed to combine the latest research and guidelines for MRONJ and the experiences on the treatment of MRONJ in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, and discuss the strategies to improve the clinical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Arthur A, Gronthos S. Eph-Ephrin Signaling Mediates Cross-Talk Within the Bone Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:598612. [PMID: 33634116 PMCID: PMC7902060 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.598612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal integrity is maintained through the tightly regulated bone remodeling process that occurs continuously throughout postnatal life to replace old bone and to repair skeletal damage. This is maintained primarily through complex interactions between bone resorbing osteoclasts and bone forming osteoblasts. Other elements within the bone microenvironment, including stromal, osteogenic, hematopoietic, endothelial and neural cells, also contribute to maintaining skeletal integrity. Disruption of the dynamic interactions between these diverse cellular systems can lead to poor bone health and an increased susceptibility to skeletal diseases including osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, and major fractures. Recent reports have implicated a direct role for the Eph tyrosine kinase receptors and their ephrin ligands during bone development, homeostasis and skeletal repair. These membrane-bound molecules mediate contact-dependent signaling through both the Eph receptors, termed forward signaling, and through the ephrin ligands, referred to as reverse signaling. This review will focus on Eph/ ephrin cross-talk as mediators of hematopoietic and stromal cell communication, and how these interactions contribute to blood/ bone marrow function and skeletal integrity during normal steady state or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Lee D, Wufuer M, Kim I, Choi TH, Kim BJ, Jung HG, Jeon B, Lee G, Jeon OH, Chang H, Yoon DS. Sequential dual-drug delivery of BMP-2 and alendronate from hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffolds for enhanced bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:746. [PMID: 33436904 PMCID: PMC7804460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of bioactive molecules in bone regeneration has been known to have side effects, which result from uncontrolled and supraphysiological doses. In this study, we demonstrated the synergistic effect of two bioactive molecules, bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and alendronate (ALN), by releasing them in a sequential manner. Collagen-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds functionalized using BMP-2 are loaded with biodegradable microspheres where ALN is encapsulated. The results indicate an initial release of BMP-2 for a few days, followed by the sequential release of ALN after two weeks. The composite scaffolds significantly increase osteogenic activity owing to the synergistic effect of BMP-2 and ALN. Enhanced bone regeneration was identified at eight weeks post-implantation in the rat 8-mm critical-sized defect. Our findings suggest that the sequential delivery of BMP-2 and ALN from the scaffolds results in a synergistic effect on bone regeneration, which is unprecedented. Therefore, such a system exhibits potential for the application of cell-free tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongtak Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Maierdanjiang Wufuer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Insu Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Gi Jung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungjun Jeon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Abeynayake N, Arthur A, Gronthos S. Crosstalk between skeletal and neural tissues is critical for skeletal health. Bone 2021; 142:115645. [PMID: 32949783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence in the literature describes a physical and functional association between the neural and skeletal systems that forms a neuro-osteogenic network. This communication between bone cells and neural tissues within the skeleton is important in facilitating bone skeletal growth, homeostasis and repair. The growth and repair of the skeleton is dependent on correct neural innervation for correct skeletal developmental growth and fracture repair, while pathological conditions such as osteoporosis are accelerated by disruptions to sympathetic innervation. To date, different molecular mechanisms have been reported to mediate communication between bone and neural populations. This review highlights the important role of various cell surface receptors, cytokines and associated ligands as potential regulators of skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair, by mediating interactions between the skeletal and nervous systems. Specifically, this review describes how Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), Eph/ephrin, Chemokine CXCL12, Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP), Netrins, Neurotrophins (NTs), Slit/Robo and the Semaphorins (Semas) contribute to the cross talk between bone cells and peripheral nerves, and the importance of these interactions in maintaining skeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nethmi Abeynayake
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Baima Filho FDAS, Mendonça PG, Silva GEB, Santos OJD, Garcia JBS, Cartagenes MDSDS. The analysis of alendronate action in bone fracture healing in rats. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 11:S856-S860. [PMID: 32999568 PMCID: PMC7503157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and degeneration of bone tissue microarchitecture which leads to bone fragility and fracture risk. Annually, 100 to 200 million people around the world are at risk for osteoporotic fractures. One way to prevent osteoporosis fracture is by using medications such as bisphosphonates. Alendronate is the most prescribed bisphosphonate in the world. The objective of this article is to evaluate the effect of alendronate on bone fracture healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS 15 adult male rats that were 60 days old were used, divided into three groups: A or Control, B (non-osteoporotic bones plus alendronate application) and C (osteoporotic bones plus alendronate application). Osteoporotic bones were compared with non-osteoporotic bones that underwent bone window creation and administration of alendronate sodium. These bones were submitted to radiographic and histological analysis. RESULTS All of Group A had complete bone healing, reaching the phase of bone remodeling. While in groups B and C, the rats were in the repair phase. CONCLUSIONS The drug alendronate interferes with delayed fracture healing and delayed bone remodeling. The article advises that studies in humans are needed in order to assess whether the alendronate interferes with bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Assis Serra Baima Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Priscylla Gouveia Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Orlando José dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - João Batista Santos Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cartagenes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde do Adulto (PPGSAD) da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966. Vila Bacanga, CEP: 65080-805, São Luis, MA, Brazil
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Surface LE, Burrow DT, Li J, Park J, Kumar S, Lyu C, Song N, Yu Z, Rajagopal A, Bae Y, Lee BH, Mumm S, Gu CC, Baker JC, Mohseni M, Sum M, Huskey M, Duan S, Bijanki VN, Civitelli R, Gardner MJ, McAndrew CM, Ricci WM, Gurnett CA, Diemer K, Wan F, Costantino CL, Shannon KM, Raje N, Dodson TB, Haber DA, Carette JE, Varadarajan M, Brummelkamp TR, Birsoy K, Sabatini DM, Haller G, Peterson TR. ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaav9166. [PMID: 32434850 PMCID: PMC7882121 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav9166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions written annually. Recently, widespread use of N-BPs has been challenged due to the risk of rare but traumatic side effects such as atypical femoral fracture (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). N-BPs bind to and inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase, resulting in defects in protein prenylation. Yet, it remains poorly understood what other cellular factors might allow N-BPs to exert their pharmacological effects. Here, we performed genome-wide studies in cells and patients to identify the poorly characterized gene, ATRAID Loss of ATRAID function results in selective resistance to N-BP-mediated loss of cell viability and the prevention of alendronate-mediated inhibition of prenylation. ATRAID is required for alendronate inhibition of osteoclast function, and ATRAID-deficient mice have impaired therapeutic responses to alendronate in both postmenopausal and senile (old age) osteoporosis models. Last, we performed exome sequencing on patients taking N-BPs that suffered ONJ or an AFF. ATRAID is one of three genes that contain rare nonsynonymous coding variants in patients with ONJ or an AFF that is also differentially expressed in poor outcome groups of patients treated with N-BPs. We functionally validated this patient variation in ATRAID as conferring cellular hypersensitivity to N-BPs. Our work adds key insight into the mechanistic action of N-BPs and the processes that might underlie differential responsiveness to N-BPs in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Surface
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Damon T Burrow
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jinmei Li
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Niki Song
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Abbhirami Rajagopal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yangjin Bae
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brendan H Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven Mumm
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles C Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Campus Box 8067, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan C Baker
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mahshid Mohseni
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Melissa Sum
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Health, 530 1st Ave., Schwartz 5E., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Margaret Huskey
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shenghui Duan
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vinieth N Bijanki
- Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Roberto Civitelli
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Gardner
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Chris M McAndrew
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4938 Parkview Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - William M Ricci
- Hospital for Special Surgery Main Campus-Belaire Building, 525 East 71st Street 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Christina A Gurnett
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 4938 Parkview Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathryn Diemer
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fei Wan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 4590 Children's Place, Suite 9600, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christina L Costantino
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kristen M Shannon
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Thomas B Dodson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Jan E Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Malini Varadarajan
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, CA 02140, USA
| | - Thijn R Brummelkamp
- Oncode Institute, Division of Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Cancer Genomics Center, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kivanc Birsoy
- The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David M Sabatini
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Whitehead Institute, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Center for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gabe Haller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8057, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy R Peterson
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, BJC Institute of Health, 425 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave. Campus Box 8232, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, 600 S. Taylor Suite 2400, Campus Box 8217, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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10
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Wan JT, Sheeley DM, Somerman MJ, Lee JS. Mitigating osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) through preventive dental care and understanding of risk factors. Bone Res 2020; 8:14. [PMID: 32195012 PMCID: PMC7064532 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-0088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that alterations in phosphate metabolism have a profound effect on hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. The present-day clinical form of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was preceded by phosphorus necrosis of the jaw, ca. 1860. The subsequent removal of yellow phosphorus from matches in the early 20th century saw a parallel decline in "phossy jaw" until the early 2000s, when similar reports of unusual jaw bone necrosis began to appear in the literature describing jaw necrosis in patients undergoing chemotherapy and concomitant steroid and bisphosphonate treatment. Today, the potential side effect of ONJ associated with medications that block osteoclast activity (antiresorptive) is well known, though the mechanism remains unclear and the management and outcomes are often unsatisfactory. Much of the existing literature has focused on the continuing concerns of appropriate use of bisphosphonates and other antiresorptive medications, the incomplete or underdeveloped research on ONJ, and the use of drugs with anabolic potential for treatment of osteoporosis. While recognizing that ONJ is a rare occurrence and ONJ-associated medications play an important role in fracture risk reduction in osteoporotic patients, evidence to date suggests that health care providers can lower the risk further by dental evaluations and care prior to initiating antiresorptive therapies and by monitoring dental health during and after treatment. This review describes the current clinical management guidelines for ONJ, the critical role of dental-medical management in mitigating risks, and the current understanding of the effects of predominantly osteoclast-modulating drugs on bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T. Wan
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Douglas M. Sheeley
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Martha J. Somerman
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
- Laboratory for Oral Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Janice S. Lee
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
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11
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Rendina-Ruedy E, Rosen CJ. Lipids in the Bone Marrow: An Evolving Perspective. Cell Metab 2020; 31:219-231. [PMID: 31668874 PMCID: PMC7004849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because of heavy energy demands to maintain bone homeostasis, the skeletal system is closely tied to whole-body metabolism via neuronal and hormonal mediators. Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids are the chief fuel sources for bone resident cells during its remodeling. Lipids, which can be mobilized from intracellular depots in the bone marrow, can be a potent source of fatty acids. Thus, while it has been suggested that adipocytes in the bone marrow act as "filler" and are detrimental to skeletal homeostasis, we propose that marrow lipids are, in fact, essential for proper bone functioning. As such, we examine the prevailing evidence regarding the storage, use, and export of lipids within the skeletal niche, including from both in vitro and in vivo model systems. We also highlight the numerous challenges that remain to fully appreciate the relationship of lipid turnover to skeletal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
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12
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Evaluation of therapeutic effects of teriparatide in a rat model of zoledronic acid-induced bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICINE, AND PATHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Holtmann H, Lommen J, Kübler NR, Sproll C, Rana M, Karschuck P, Depprich R. Pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a comparative study of in vivo and in vitro trials. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4277-4296. [PMID: 30091399 PMCID: PMC6166332 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518788987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was performed to determine whether the results of prevailing in vivo and in vitro studies offer a reliable model for investigation of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published from September 2003 to June 2017 involving experimental approaches to the pathogenesis of MRONJ. In vivo and in vitro trials were analyzed with respect to the scientific question, study design, methodology, and results. Results Of 139 studies, 87, 46, and 6 conducted in vivo, in vitro, and both in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. Rats, mice, dogs, minipigs, sheep, and rabbits were the preferred animal models used. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, macrophages, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were the preferred cell types. Zoledronate, alendronate, ibandronate, and risedronate were the most frequent bisphosphonates used. MRONJ was most reliably induced in minipigs because of the close relationship with human bone physiology. In vitro studies showed that reduced viability, growth, and migration of cells in the bone and soft tissues were causative for MRONJ. Other than exposed jawbone after tooth extraction, no reliable cofactors were found. Conclusion The minipig is the most suitable animal model for MRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Holtmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Julian Lommen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Norbert R. Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Christoph Sproll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Majeed Rana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Patrick Karschuck
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Rita Depprich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Plastic Surgery of the Head and Neck, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf,
Germany
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14
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Arthur A, Nguyen TM, Paton S, Klisuric A, Zannettino ACW, Gronthos S. The osteoprogenitor-specific loss of ephrinB1 results in an osteoporotic phenotype affecting the balance between bone formation and resorption. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12756. [PMID: 30143786 PMCID: PMC6109077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of conditional deletion of ephrinB1 in osteoprogenitor cells driven by the Osterix (Osx) promoter, on skeletal integrity in a murine model of ovariectomy-induced (OVX) osteoporosis. Histomorphometric and μCT analyses revealed that loss of ephrinB1 in sham Osx:cre-ephrinB1fl/fl mice caused a reduction in trabecular bone comparable to OVX Osx:Cre mice, which was associated with a significant reduction in bone formation rates and decrease in osteoblast numbers. Interestingly, these observations were not exacerbated in OVX Osx:cre-ephrinB1fl/fl mice. Furthermore, sham Osx:cre-ephrinB1fl/fl mice displayed significantly higher osteoclast numbers and circulating degraded collagen type 1 compared to OVX Osx:Cre mice. Confirmation studies found that cultured monocytes expressing EphB2 formed fewer TRAP+ multinucleated osteoclasts and exhibited lower resorption activity in the presence of soluble ephrinB1-Fc compared to IgG control. This inhibition of osteoclast formation and function induced by ephrinB1-Fc was reversed in the presence of an EphB2 chemical inhibitor. Collectively, these observations suggest that ephrinB1, expressed by osteoprogenitors, influences bone loss during the development of osteoporosis, by regulating both osteoblast and osteoclast formation and function, leading to a loss of skeletal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia
| | - Thao M Nguyen
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia
| | - Sharon Paton
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia.,Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Ana Klisuric
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia.,Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia. .,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, SA, Australia.
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15
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Lindsey RC, Rundle CH, Mohan S. Role of IGF1 and EFN-EPH signaling in skeletal metabolism. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T87-T102. [PMID: 29581239 PMCID: PMC5966337 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) and ephrin ligand (EFN)-receptor (EPH) signaling are both crucial for bone cell function and skeletal development and maintenance. IGF1 signaling is the major mediator of growth hormone-induced bone growth, but a host of different signals and factors regulate IGF1 signaling at the systemic and local levels. Disruption of the Igf1 gene results in reduced peak bone mass in both experimental animal models and humans. Additionally, EFN-EPH signaling is a complex system which, particularly through cell-cell interactions, contributes to the development and differentiation of many bone cell types. Recent evidence has demonstrated several ways in which the IGF1 and EFN-EPH signaling pathways interact with and depend upon each other to regulate bone cell function. While much remains to be elucidated, the interaction between these two signaling pathways opens a vast array of new opportunities for investigation into the mechanisms of and potential therapies for skeletal conditions such as osteoporosis and fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Lindsey
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Division of BiochemistryDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular MedicineDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Charles H Rundle
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Department of MedicineLoma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease CenterVA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Division of BiochemistryDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular MedicineDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Department of MedicineLoma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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16
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Patient satisfaction and efficacy of switching from weekly bisphosphonates to monthly minodronate for treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in Japanese patients with systemic rheumatic diseases: a randomized, clinical trial. Arch Osteoporos 2018; 13:67. [PMID: 29904824 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-018-0451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The randomized, clinical trial demonstrated that switching to monthly minodronate from weekly alendronate and risedronate provides greater increases in patients' satisfaction and bone mineral density and more substantial decreases in a bone resorption marker than continuing weekly alendronate and risedronate in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases on glucocorticoid therapy. PURPOSE Osteoporosis and associated fractures are major concerns for patients with systemic rheumatic diseases on long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Bisphosphonates increase bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce the frequency of vertebral fractures, but they are associated with poor adherence. The effects of monthly oral minodronate on patients' satisfaction, BMD, and bone turnover markers were investigated in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases on glucocorticoids and weekly oral alendronate or risedronate. METHODS Study patients with systemic rheumatic diseases on oral glucocorticoids and weekly alendronate 35 mg or risedronate 17.5 mg were randomly assigned either to switch to minodronate 50 mg every 4 weeks or to continue the currently taking weekly bisphosphonate for 52 weeks after a 24-week run-in period.Patients were stratified by hospital site, sex, and menopausal status in women at enrollment. The primary endpoint was the difference between the proportions of patients who responded very satisfactory or satisfactory for the current bisphosphonate therapy at weeks 48 and 76 between the two groups. Secondary endpoints included percentage changes in lumbar spine BMD and bone turnover markers from the time of starting allocated treatment. RESULTS Monthly minodronate was superior to weekly alendronate or risedronate for patients' satisfaction, the increase of lumbar spine BMD, and suppression of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b at week 76. CONCLUSIONS Monthly minodronate is more acceptable and may be more effective than weekly alendronate or risedronate for prevention and treatment of bone loss in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases on glucocorticoid therapy.
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17
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Geng T, Chen X, Zheng M, Yu H, Zhang S, Sun S, Guo H, Jin Q. Effects of strontium ranelate on wear particle‑induced aseptic loosening in female ovariectomized mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1849-1857. [PMID: 29901109 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening and menopause‑induced osteoporosis are caused by an imbalance between bone formation and osteolysis. With an aging population, the probability of simultaneous occurrence of such conditions in an elderly individual is increasing. Strontium ranelate (SR) is an anti‑osteoporosis drug that promotes bone formation and inhibits osteolysis. The present study compared the effects of SR with those of the traditional anti‑osteoporosis drug alendronate (ALN) using an ovariectomized mouse model of osteolysis. The degree of firmness of the prosthesis and the surrounding tissue was examined, a micro‑CT scan of the prosthesis and the surrounding tissue was performed, and the levels of inflammatory and osteogenic and osteoclast factors were examined. It was observed that treatment with SR and ALN improved the bond between the prosthesis and the surrounding bone tissue by reducing the degree of osteolysis, thus improving the quality of bone around the prosthesis. SR increased the secretion of osteocalcin, runt‑related transcription factor 2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG). It additionally decreased the expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand (RANKL) and consequently increased the protein ratio OPG/RANKL, whereas ALN exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, SR and ALN suppressed tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑1β production, with SR exerting a more marked effect. The present results demonstrate that SR and ALN may stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption in the ovariectomized mouse model of wear particle‑mediated osteolysis, with SR demonstrating better effects compared with ALN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Mengxue Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Shouxuan Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Haohui Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Qunhua Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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18
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Zhang J, Park J, Lee JW, Kwon YD, Kim EC. Bisphosphonates hinder osteoblastic/osteoclastic differentiation in the maxillary sinus mucosa-derived stem cells. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:1933-1943. [PMID: 29188452 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although bisphosphonates (BPs) are known to be associated with osteonecrosis of the maxilla, the precise effects of BPs on bone metabolism in human maxillary sinus mucosal cells (HMSMCs) are not yet known. The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of the BPs zoledronate (ZOL) and alendronate (ALN) on osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation in HMSMCs and to investigate the signaling pathways involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of ZOL and ALN were assessed for osteoblast differentiation by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, and RT-PCR for genes encoding Runx2 and osterix. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) was also examined. RESULTS ZOL and ALN both suppressed osteoblastic differentiation, as evidenced by their effects on ALP activity, mineralization nodule formation, and the mRNA expression levels of osteoblastic transcript factors. The RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in HMSMCs was increased by ALN, whereas ZOL had the opposite effect. Conditioned medium obtained from ALN-treated HMSMCs stimulated osteoclast formation and upregulated NFATc1 expression, whereas conditioned medium from ZOL-treated cells did not. ALN was more cytotoxic and stimulated apoptosis more strongly than ZOL. BPs decreased the protein levels of the non-canonical Wnt signaling protein Wnt5a and calmodulin-dependent kinase II. Moreover, recombinant human Wnt5a reversed the effects of BPs on osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation. CONCLUSION This study is the first demonstration that BPs exert negative effects on osteoblastic and osteoclastic processes via the non-canonical Wnt pathway in HMSMSCs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It suggests that patients taking BPs during the period of maxillary sinus lifting and amentation should be given special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuh Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro 26, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Panwar P, Xue L, Søe K, Srivastava K, Law S, Delaisse JM, Brömme D. An Ectosteric Inhibitor of Cathepsin K Inhibits Bone Resorption in Ovariectomized Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:2415-2430. [PMID: 28745432 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The potent cathepsin K (CatK) inhibitor, Tanshinone IIA sulfonic sodium (T06), was tested for its in vitro and in vivo antiresorptive activities. T06 binds in an ectosteric site of CatK remote from its active site and selectively inhibits collagen degradation with an IC50 value of 2.7 ± 0.2 μM (CatK:T06 molar ratio of 1:5). However, it does not suppress fluorogenic peptide cleavage and gelatinolysis at a 2500-fold molar excess. Contrary to active site-directed CatK inhibitors, such as odanacatib, T06 suppresses bone resorption in both human and mouse osteoclasts equally well (IC50 value for human and mouse osteoclasts: 237 ± 60 nM and 245 ± 55 nM, respectively) and its antiresorptive activity is fully reversible in both cell types. Moreover, T06 affects neither the metabolic activity of osteoclasts nor osteoclastogenesis. In in vivo studies, 40 mg T06/kg/d given to 12-week-old ovariectomized (OVX) mice for 3 months reduced plasma CTx-1 by 20% and increased osteoblast numbers and plasma P1NP by ∼28% when compared with the OVX control. μCT analysis of T06-treated OVX mice showed a 35% increase in bone mineral density and other femoral trabecular bone parameters when compared with OVX animals. T06 did not alter the number of osteoclasts, had no estrogenic effect on the uterus, did not change plasma estradiol levels, and did not inhibit fibroblast-mediated TGF-ß1 processing or degradation and cognitive functions in OVX mice. This study indicates that the ectosteric inhibitor, T06, is a selective antiresorptive CatK inhibitor that may overcome the shortcomings of side effect-prone active site-directed drugs, which all failed in clinical trials. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preety Panwar
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital/Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Liming Xue
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kent Søe
- Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital/Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Kamini Srivastava
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Simon Law
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Clinical Cell Biology, Vejle Hospital/Lillebaelt Hospital, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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20
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Liu L, Zhou L, Yang X, Liu Q, Yang L, Zheng C, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Luo X. 17β-estradiol attenuates ovariectomy‑induced bone deterioration through the suppression of the ephA2/ephrinA2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1609-1616. [PMID: 29138859 PMCID: PMC5780101 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether 17β-estradiol (E2) exerts protective effects on bone deterioration induced by ovariectomy (OVX) through the ephA2/ephrinA2 signaling pathway in rats. Female rats were subjected to OVX, sham surgeryor OVX+E2 treatment. Levels of biomarkers were measured in serum and urine. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed on paraffin-embedded bone sections. Expression of genes and proteins was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Trabecular bone microarchitecture was also evaluated. Osteoclastogenesis was induced by in vitro culturing with mouse receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1. small interfering RNA was designed to knockdown ehpA2 receptor and its ligand ephrinA2. Results of the present study demonstrated that E2 had suppressive effects on OVX-induced body weight gain and bone turnover factors in serum and urine. E2 inhibited the bone resorption function of osteoclasts by inhibiting the production of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b and RANKL, and induced bone formation function of osteoblasts by prompting runt-related transcription factor 2, Sp7 transcription factor and collagen alpha-1(I) chain expression in bone marrow cells. E2 treatment significantly increased the tibia BMD and prevented the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture compared with the OVX group. Moreover, E2 significantly decreased the OVX-stimulated expression of ephA2 and ephrinA2. EphA2 or ephrin A2 knockdown significantly suppressed osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In conclusion, E2 can attenuate OVX-induced bone deterioration partially through the suppression of the ephA2/ephrinA2 signaling pathway. Therefore EphA2/ephrinA2 signaling pathway may be a potential target for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyong Liu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Yongling Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Metabolic Bone Disease and Genetic Research Unit, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, P.R. China
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Use of Low-Dose Alendronate Improves Cranial Bone Repair and Is Associated With an Increase of Osteocalcin: An Experimental Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:1873-1881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Synaptic vesicle 2C and its synaptic-related function. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 472:112-117. [PMID: 28774501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic vesicle 2 C (SV2C) is a novel isoform belonging to the synaptic vesicle 2 (SV2) protein superfamily; a family of proteins known to have roles in vesicle trafficking, exocytosis and neurotransmission. In humans, SV2C is expressed in evolutionarily older brain regions, and is a known receptor for botulinum neurotoxin/A (BoNT/A), controlling glucose-evoked granule recruitment and regulating dopamine release, thus serving as a potential target molecule in the treatment of psychosis. In addition, recent researches have shown that SV2C regulates hypertension and accelerates venous thromboembolism (VTE) and coagulation pathways and may play roles in several non-nervous system diseases. In terms of regulation, SV2C is positively regulated by both alendronate and statins. As SV2C may provide a potential novel therapeutic target for psychosis and other diseases, this article reviews the progress made thus far in understanding the structure, distribution, function and regulation of SV2C.
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Effects of bisphosphonates on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis signaling during the endochondral ossification of growing rats. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 368:287-300. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nguyen TM, Arthur A, Paton S, Hemming S, Panagopoulos R, Codrington J, Walkley CR, Zannettino ACW, Gronthos S. Loss of ephrinB1 in osteogenic progenitor cells impedes endochondral ossification and compromises bone strength integrity during skeletal development. Bone 2016; 93:12-21. [PMID: 27622886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The EphB receptor tyrosine kinase family and their ephrinB ligands have been implicated as mediators of skeletal development and bone homeostasis in humans, where mutations in ephrinB1 contribute to frontonasal dysplasia and coronal craniosynostosis. In mouse models, ephrinB1 has been shown to be a critical factor mediating osteoblast function. The present study examined the functional importance of ephrinB1 during endochondral ossification using the Cre recombination system with targeted deletion of ephrinB1 (EfnB1fl/fl) in osteogenic progenitor cells, under the control of the osterix (Osx:Cre) promoter. The Osx:EfnB1-/- mice displayed aberrant bone growth during embryonic and postnatal skeletal development up to 4weeks of age, when compared to the Osx:Cre controls. Furthermore, compared to the Osx:Cre control mice, the Osx:EfnB1-/- mice exhibited significantly weaker and less rigid bones, with a reduction in trabecular/ cortical bone formation, reduced trabecular architecture and a reduction in the size of the growth plates at the distal end of the femora from newborn through to 4weeks of age. The aberrant bone formation correlated with increased numbers of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase positive osteoclasts and decreased numbers of bone lining osteoblasts in 4week old Osx:EfnB1-/- mice, compared to Osx:Cre control mice. Taken together, these observations demonstrate the importance of ephrinB1 signalling between cells of the skeleton required for endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao M Nguyen
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Agnieszka Arthur
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sharon Paton
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Hemming
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Romana Panagopoulos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John Codrington
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Carl R Walkley
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic, Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Rundle CH, Xing W, Lau KHW, Mohan S. Bidirectional ephrin signaling in bone. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2016; 2:65-76. [PMID: 30775469 PMCID: PMC6372807 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between ephrin ligands (efn) and their receptors (Eph) is capable of inducing forward signaling, from ligand to receptor, as well as reverse signaling, from receptor to ligand. The ephrins are widely expressed in many tissues, where they mediate cell migration and adherence, properties that make the efn-Eph signaling critically important in establishing and maintaining tissue boundaries. The efn-Eph system has also received considerable attention in skeletal tissues, as ligand and receptor combinations are predicted to mediate interactions between the different types of cells that regulate bone development and homeostasis. This review summarizes our current understanding of efn-Eph signaling with a particular focus on the expression and functions of ephrins and their receptors in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Rundle
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Weirong Xing
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Kin-Hing William Lau
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, 11201 Benton St, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA.,Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Tsuboi K, Hasegawa T, Yamamoto T, Sasaki M, Hongo H, de Freitas PHL, Shimizu T, Takahata M, Oda K, Michigami T, Li M, Kitagawa Y, Amizuka N. Effects of drug discontinuation after short-term daily alendronate administration on osteoblasts and osteocytes in mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:337-50. [PMID: 27235014 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine whether osteoclastic bone resorption is restarted after withdrawn of bisphosphonates, we conducted histological examinations on murine osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes after discontinuation of a daily regimen of alendronate (ALN) with a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day for 10 days. After drug discontinuation, metaphyseal trabecular number and bone volume remained unaltered for the first 4 days. Osteoclast number did not increase, while the number of apoptotic osteoclasts was elevated. On the other hand, tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase-immunoreactive area was markedly reduced after ALN discontinuation. In addition, osteocytes showed an atrophic profile with empty lacunar areas during and after ALN treatment. Interestingly, as early as 36 h after a single ALN injection, osteocytes show signs of atrophy despite the presence of active osteoblasts. Structured illumination microscopy system showed shortening of osteocytic cytoplasmic processes after drug cessation, suggesting a possible morphological and functional disconnection between osteocytes and osteoblasts. Taken together, it appears that osteoclastic bone resorption is not resumed after ALN discontinuation; also, osteoblasts and osteocytes hardly seem to recover once they are inactivated and atrophied by ALN. In summary, it seems that one must pay more attention to the responses of osteoblasts and osteocytes, rather focusing on the resuming of osteoclastic bone resorption after the ALN discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Tsuboi
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.,Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | - Muneteru Sasaki
- Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hongo
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
| | | | - Tomohiro Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kimimitsu Oda
- Division of Biochemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshimi Michigami
- Department of Bone and Mineral, Research Institute, Osaka Medical Center for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minqi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yoshimasa Kitagawa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan.
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Wu M, Ai W, Chen L, Zhao S, Liu E. Bradykinin receptors and EphB2/EphrinB2 pathway in response to high glucose-induced osteoblast dysfunction and hyperglycemia-induced bone deterioration in mice. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:565-74. [PMID: 26782642 PMCID: PMC4771119 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out in order to investigate bone dysfunction and the involvement of bradykinin receptors and the Eph/Ephrin signaling pathway in osteoblasts and in mice with diabetes-related osteoporosis in response to exposure to high glucose. Osteogenic transdifferentiation was inhibited when the osteoblasts were exposed to high glucose, and the expression levels of bone formation-related genes [Runx2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were decreased, while those of bone resorption-related genes [matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII)] were increased. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of bradykinin receptor B1 (BK1R)/bradykinin receptor B2 (BK2R) and EphB2/EphrinB2 were significantly decreased in the osteoblasts following exposure to high glucose. Intriguingly, the interaction between BK2R and EphB2/EphrinB2 was confirmed, and BK2R loss-of-function significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of EphB2/EphrinB4. In vivo, hyperglycemia induced the disequilibrium of calcium homeostasis through the inhibition of bone formation and the acceleration of bone resorption, which was manifested by the reduction of trabecular bone mass of the primary and secondary spongiosa, as well as by the increase in the number of mature osteoclasts throughout the proximal tibial metaphysis in mice with diabetes-related osteoporosis. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of BK1R/BK2R and EphB2/EphrinB2 in the tibias of the mice with diabetes-related osteoporosis were significantly decreased. These results demonstrate that bradykinin receptors and the EphB4/EphrinB2 pathway mediate the development of complications in mice with diabetes-related osteoporosis and suggest that the inactivation of bradykinin receptors and the EphB4/EphrinB2 pathway enhance the severity of complications in mice with diabetes-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Ai
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Enqi Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Histopathological Effects of Teriparatide in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: An Animal Study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Yan X, Ye TW. Early molecular responses of bone to estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy in rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:5470-5477. [PMID: 26131125 PMCID: PMC4483909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was performed to investigate bone deteriorations and the molecular responses of bone to early estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in rats. METHODS The female rats were subjected to OVX (4 or 8 week) and sham (4 or 8 week) operation. All rats were killed 4 week or 8 week after the surgical operation. The biomarkers in serum and urine were measured. Hematoxylin & Eosin and tartate-resistant acid phosphatase staining were performed on paraffin-embedded bone sections. Expression of genes and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting respectively. RESULTS The OVX rats showed the decreased level of serum Ca and the increased level of urinary Ca excretion at 8 week post-OVX. The level of PTH and TRACP-5b increased at 4 and 8 week post-OVX. At both 4 and 8 week, FGF-23 was significantly lower in OVX rats than sham rats. The H&E staining showed remarkable bone abnormalities, including increased disconnections and separation of trabecular bone network in proximal metaphysis of tibia at OVX (4 and 8 week) group. In addition, the mRNA expression ratio of OPG/RANKL was reduced in the proximal tibia. The mRNA expression of MMP-9, CAII, EphA2 and ephrinA2, and the protein expression of EphA2 and ephrinA2 were markedly up-regulated in the proximal tibia. Moreover, the mRNA expression of TGF-β, EphB4 and ephrinB2, and the protein expression of EphB4 and ephrinB2 were down-regulated in proximal metaphysis of tibia at OVX group. CONCLUSIONS The endogenous estrogen deficiency was detrimental to bone, and the underlying mechanism was mediated, at least partially, through the local bone Eph/ephrin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 445 Hospital of The Chinese People’s Liberation Army338 West Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Tian-Wen Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital of The Second Military Medical University415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China
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30
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Zhang Y, Hu Y, Luo Z, Shen X, Mu C, Cai K. Simultaneous delivery of BMP-2 factor and anti-osteoporotic drugs using hyaluronan-assembled nanocomposite for synergistic regulation on the behaviors of osteoblasts and osteoclastsin vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:290-310. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2014.998588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Williams DW, Lee C, Kim T, Yagita H, Wu H, Park S, Yang P, Liu H, Shi S, Shin KH, Kang MK, Park NH, Kim RH. Impaired bone resorption and woven bone formation are associated with development of osteonecrosis of the jaw-like lesions by bisphosphonate and anti-receptor activator of NF-κB ligand antibody in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:3084-93. [PMID: 25173134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a detrimental intraoral lesion that often occurs after dental-related interventions in patients undergoing treatment with bisphosphonates or denosumab, the neutralizing human anti-receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) antibody (Ab). The cause of ONJ by these drugs has been speculated to their direct effects on osteoclasts. However, the extent to which osteoclasts contribute to ONJ pathogenesis remains controversial. Herein, by using a tooth-extraction mouse model with i.v. administration of mouse anti-RANKL Ab or the bisphosphonate zoledronate (ZOL), we show that unresorbed bone due to impaired formation or suppressed functions of osteoclasts, respectively, is associated with ONJ development. After tooth extraction, ONJ-like lesions developed 50% in the anti-RANKL Ab-treated mice and 30% in the ZOL-treated mice. Nonviable and unresorbed bone was found more in anti-RANKL Ab-treated mice compared with mice receiving ZOL. All mice receiving anti-RANKL Ab had an undetectable tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) level in the serum and no TRAP-positive osteoclasts at the extracted sockets, whereas ZOL-treated mice had a decreased TRAP level without altering the numbers of TRAP-positive osteoclasts. Interestingly, the absence of newly formed woven bone in the extracted sockets was evident in ONJ-like lesions from both anti-RANKL Ab- and ZOL-treated mice. Our study suggests that the lack of osteoclasts' bone-resorptive functions by these drugs and suppression of woven bone formation after dental trauma may be associated with ONJ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake W Williams
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cindy Lee
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Terresa Kim
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hongkun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sil Park
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul Yang
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Honghu Liu
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Songtao Shi
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mo K Kang
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - No-Hee Park
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Reuben H Kim
- School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Pazianas M, van der Geest S, Miller P. Bisphosphonates and bone quality. BONEKEY REPORTS 2014; 3:529. [PMID: 24876930 PMCID: PMC4037878 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2014.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are bone-avid compounds used as first-line medications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. They are also used in other skeletal pathologies such as Paget's and metastatic bone disease. They effectively reduce osteoclast viability and also activity in the resorptive phase of bone remodelling and help preserve bone micro-architecture, both major determinants of bone strength and ultimately of the susceptibility to fractures. The chemically distinctive structure of each BP used in the clinic determines their unique affinity, distribution/penetration throughout the bone and their individual effects on bone geometry, micro-architecture and composition or what we call 'bone quality'. BPs have no clinically significant anabolic effects. This review will touch upon some of the components of bone quality that could be affected by the administration of BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pazianas
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Botnar Research Center, Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Paul Miller
- Colorado Center for Bone Research, Lakewood, CO, USA
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Boskey AL. Bone composition: relationship to bone fragility and antiosteoporotic drug effects. BONEKEY REPORTS 2013; 2:447. [PMID: 24501681 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2013.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The composition of a bone can be described in terms of the mineral phase, hydroxyapatite, the organic phase, which consists of collagen type I, noncollagenous proteins, other components and water. The relative proportions of these various components vary with age, site, gender, disease and treatment. Any drug therapy could change the composition of a bone. This review, however, will only address those pharmaceuticals used to treat or prevent diseases of bone: fragility fractures in particular, and the way they can alter the composition. As bone is a heterogeneous tissue, its composition must be discussed in terms of the chemical makeup, properties of its chemical constituents and their distributions in the ever-changing bone matrix. Emphasis, in this review, is placed on changes in composition as a function of age and various diseases of bone, particularly osteoporosis. It is suggested that while some of the antiosteoporotic drugs can and do modify composition, their positive effects on bone strength may be balanced by negative ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele L Boskey
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, affiliated with Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY, USA ; Department of Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY, USA
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Tsurushima H, Kokuryo S, Sakaguchi O, Tanaka J, Tominaga K. Bacterial promotion of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis in Wistar rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 42:1481-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang X, Jong G, Lin LM, Shimizu E. EphB-EphrinB interaction controls odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation with calcium hydroxide. J Endod 2013; 39:1256-60. [PMID: 24041387 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium hydroxide is used in direct pulp capping of uncontaminated exposed vital pulps caused by mechanical or traumatic injury. Calcium hydroxide creates a high alkaline pH environment and initiates a mineralized tissue formation in the pulp. The exact mechanism by which calcium hydroxide induces the reparative dentin formation is unknown. Because Eph receptors and ephrin ligands play a role in pulp stem cell migration and proliferation, our hypothesis is that calcium hydroxide-related odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation may be associated with Eph-ephrin interaction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Eph-ephrin interaction regulates odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation with calcium hydroxide. METHODS Primary pulp cells were harvested from the molars of C57BL/6 mice. The cells were treated with calcium hydroxide. Immunofluorescence was used to detect protein expression. A knockout of the ephrinB1 or EphB2 gene was performed with short hairpin RNAs. Cell migration, proliferation, and gene expression were then analyzed. RESULTS Calcium hydroxide stimulated EphB2 gene expression but suppressed ephrinB1 gene expression at the proliferation stage. However, calcium hydroxide stimulated both ephrinB1 and EphB2 gene expression at the differentiation stage. In addition, EphB2 localized at ephrinB1-positive cells at the area of Dentin sialoprotein (DSP) staining, which increased with calcium hydroxide treatment. Knockdown of ephrinB1-EphB2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation. Additionally, knockdown of the ephrinB1 gene caused cell migration, whereas a lack of the EphB2 gene suppressed calcium hydroxide-induced mineralization from primary pulp cells. CONCLUSIONS EphrinB1-EphB2 interaction contributes to calcium hydroxide-induced odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation. This observation is the first finding of the mechanism of calcium hydroxide-induced odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Wang
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York; Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Eph–ephrin bidirectional signalling: A promising approach for osteoporosis treatment. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HYPOTHESES AND IDEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmhi.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Harmankaya N, Karlsson J, Palmquist A, Halvarsson M, Igawa K, Andersson M, Tengvall P. Raloxifene and alendronate containing thin mesoporous titanium oxide films improve implant fixation to bone. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7064-73. [PMID: 23467043 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that osteoporosis drug-loaded mesoporous TiO2 implant coatings can be used to improve bone-implant integration. Two osteoporosis drugs, Alendronate (ALN) and Raloxifene (RLX), were immobilized in nanoporous oxide films prepared on Ti screws and evaluated in vivo in rat tibia. The drug release kinetics were monitored in vitro by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and showed sustained release of both drugs. The osteogenic response after 28days of implantation was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), removal torque, histomorphometry and ultrastructural interface analysis. The drug-loaded implants showed significantly improved bone fixation. In the case of RLX, stronger bone-remodelling activity was observed compared with controls and ALN-loaded implants. The ultrastructural interface analysis revealed enhanced apatite formation inside the RLX coating and increased bone density outside the ALN coating. Thus, this novel combination of a thin mesoporous TiO2 carrier matrix and appropriate drugs can be used to accelerate implant fixation in trabecular bone.
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Edwards BJ, Bunta AD, Lane J, Odvina C, Rao DS, Raisch DW, McKoy JM, Omar I, Belknap SM, Garg V, Hahr AJ, Samaras AT, Fisher MJ, West DP, Langman CB, Stern PH. Bisphosphonates and nonhealing femoral fractures: analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and international safety efforts: a systematic review from the Research on Adverse Drug Events And Reports (RADAR) project. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013; 95:297-307. [PMID: 23426763 PMCID: PMC3748968 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.k.01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, hip fracture rates have declined by 30% coincident with bisphosphonate use. However, bisphosphonates are associated with sporadic cases of atypical femoral fracture. Atypical femoral fractures are usually atraumatic, may be bilateral, are occasionally preceded by prodromal thigh pain, and may have delayed fracture-healing. This study assessed the occurrence of bisphosphonate-associated nonhealing femoral fractures through a review of data from the U.S. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) (1996 to 2011), published case reports, and international safety efforts. METHODS We analyzed the FAERS database with use of the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and empiric Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM) techniques to assess whether a safety signal existed. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review (1990 to February 2012). RESULTS The analysis of the FAERS database indicated a PRR of 4.51 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.44 to 5.92) for bisphosphonate use and nonhealing femoral fractures. Most cases (n = 317) were attributed to use of alendronate (PRR = 3.32; 95% CI, 2.71 to 4.17). In 2008, international safety agencies issued warnings and required label changes. In 2010, the FDA issued a safety notification, and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR) issued recommendations about bisphosphonate-associated atypical femoral fractures. CONCLUSIONS Nonhealing femoral fractures are unusual adverse drug reactions associated with bisphosphonate use, as up to 26% of published cases of atypical femoral fractures exhibited delayed healing or nonhealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice J. Edwards
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1350, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Andrew D. Bunta
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1350, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Joseph Lane
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021
| | - Clarita Odvina
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - D. Sudhaker Rao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Dennis W. Raisch
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, Nursing/Pharmacy Building, Room B94, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - June M. McKoy
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 North Michigan, Suite 630, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Imran Omar
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 800, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Steven M. Belknap
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Vishvas Garg
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, Nursing/Pharmacy Building, Room B94, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
| | - Allison J. Hahr
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 North Michigan, Suite 530, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Athena T. Samaras
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Matthew J. Fisher
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Dennis P. West
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North Saint Clair, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Craig B. Langman
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Box MS37, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Paula H. Stern
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 North Michigan, Suite 630, Chicago, IL 60611
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Salinas AJ, Esbrit P, Vallet-Regí M. A tissue engineering approach based on the use of bioceramics for bone repair. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:40-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yang SY, Jeon SK, Kang JH, Yoo HI, Kim YS, Moon JS, Kim MS, Koh JT, Oh WM, Kim SH. Synaptic vesicle protein 2b is expressed temporospatially in (pre)odontoblasts in developing molars. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120:505-12. [PMID: 23167466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.01001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The formation of dentin and enamel is initiated by the differentiation of odontogenic precursor cells into odontoblasts and ameloblasts, respectively. This study was performed to identify new molecules involved in the differentiation of odontogenic cells. The genes expressed differentially between the root stage (after the differentiation of odontogenic cells and dental hard-tissue formation) and the cap stage (before the differentiation of odontogenic cells and dental hard-tissue formation) were searched using differential display PCR. For the first time, synaptic vesicle protein (SV) 2b, an important transmembrane transporter of Ca(2+) -stimulated vesicle exocytosis, was identified as a differentially expressed molecule. Real-time PCR and western blotting revealed an increase in the transcriptional and translational levels of SV2b during or after the differentiation of odontogenic cells. Immunofluorescence revealed this molecule to be localized in not only fully differentiated odontoblasts but also in pre-odontoblasts before dentin matrix secretion. The expression pattern of the SV2a isoform was similar to that of the SV2b isoform, whereas the SV2c isoform showed a contrasting pattern of expression. After treatment with alendronate, an inhibitor of protein isoprenylation for the transport of secretory vesicles, the expression of SV2a and SV2b decreased, whereas that of SV2c increased. These results suggest that the SV2 isoforms are functional molecules of (pre)odontoblasts which may be involved in vesicle transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Yang
- Dental Science Research Institute, 2nd stage Brain Korea, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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