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Zhang H, Sheng J, Yue X, Lou H, Ban X, Wu W, Li R, Gao G, Wang C, Lou X, Wang X. Proportion, Correlates and the Associations of Meeting 24-h Movement Guidelines With Mental Well-Being and Psychological Distress: A Cross-Sectional Study of 10 589 Chinese Students. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13329. [PMID: 39245883 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased trends in psychological distress and mental illness have been of great significance in public health concerns. The study aimed to investigate the proportion and correlates of meeting 24-h movement guidelines (including moderate to vigorous physical activity, screen time and sleep duration) and the associations between 24-h movement guidelines met and mental well-being and psychological distress in a large sample of Chinese students. METHODS All participants received a physical examination and filled out questionnaires in this study. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the proportion of reaching 24-h guidelines by gender and logistic regression was used to analyse correlates of meeting 24-h guidelines. Two binary logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between meeting 24-h guidelines and mental well-being and psychological distress. The back-propagation artificial neural network was used to describe the importance of the independent variables. RESULTS The findings revealed a generally low rate of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines, particularly concerning moderate to vigorous physical activity (16.5%). Meeting all three guidelines was related to better mental health in both boys and girls. Particularly, meeting screen time guideline and meeting sleep duration guideline appeared to be more important on mental outcomes, compared to meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity guideline. Compared with boys, girls were more susceptible to the influences of 24-h movement guidelines on mental health. CONCLUSIONS Meeting all three components of the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with the most favourable mental health outcomes for both boys and girls. Thus, maintaining a daily balance of sufficient physical activity, limited screen time, and adequate sleep is crucial for enhancing the mental health status of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinpei Yue
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hao Lou
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolei Ban
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wencan Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ran Li
- Station for Students' Health, Zhengzhou Educational Science Planning and Evaluation Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Genli Gao
- Vocational Education and Adult Education, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Kasai A, Shikano A, Tanaka R, Yoshinaga M, Noi S. School-aged children's movement behaviours and subjective health complaints in Japan: a cross-sectional study during COVID-19 pandemic-related school closures and after school reopenings. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1204. [PMID: 38689272 PMCID: PMC11061910 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have altered children's movement behaviours and impacted their mental health. However, the influence of social restrictions on subjective health complaints remains inadequately understood. This study compared adherence to 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines and the prevalence of subjective health complaints during school closure and one year after reopening. We also examined how combinations of adherence to movement behaviour recommendations relate to subjective health complaints. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional survey was conducted at two points. The first survey in May 2020 included 1535 (766 boys and 769 girls) participants during school closures, while the second survey from May to July 2021 involved 1125 (583 boys and 542 girls) participants one year after school reopening. The questionnaire covered socio-demographics, physical activity, screen time, sleep, and subjective health complaints. Differences between periods were analysed using chi-square tests. Logistic regression models assessed the association between adherence to guidelines and subjective health complaints. RESULTS During school closure, children were more likely to meet 'only sleep' recommendations and have irritability and lethargy symptoms. Irrespective of sex, those adhering to two or all three recommendations (excluding physical activity and screen time) had a lower risk of symptoms related to physical and mental pain, fatigue, irritability, and lethargy as compared to those who met none of the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Children should meet at least one physical activity or screen time recommendation in addition to sleep recommendations for subjective health. Strategies considering the priority of each movement behaviour are crucial, even during abnormal situations, such as pandemic-related social restrictions. This study offers insightful findings concerning children's mental health issues during unprecedented and massive disasters or crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Kasai
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Shikano
- Research Institute for Children's Physical Health, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- School of Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshinaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Noi
- Research Institute for Children's Physical Health, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yin L, Li F, Liu P, Yin Z, Yang Z, Pi L, Gao Z. Examining the relationship between meeting 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines and mental health in Chinese preschool children. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1337158. [PMID: 38562137 PMCID: PMC10982485 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1337158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Limited research has explored the relationship between adhering to 24-h Movement Behaviour guidelines and mental health in Chinese preschool children. The objectives of this study encompassed two primary goals: (1) to investigate the adherence of preschool children in China to the 24-h Movement Behaviour guidelines; and (2) to analyze the relationship between fulfilling various combinations of these guidelines and mental health, identifying the most advantageous combination. Methods Utilizing a convenience sampling approach, this study included 205 preschool children (117 boys and 88 girls, average age 4.8 ± 0.51 years) from five kindergartens in Hengyang, Hunan Province. The physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour of preschool children were objectively assessed using waist-worn accelerometers, while sleep duration and screen time were reported by the children's parents. To evaluate mental health, the parent version of the internationally validated Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was employed, which measures externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and prosocial behaviour. Employing Mplus 8.0 for Structural Equation Modeling analysis, while controlling for demographic variables, the study explored the connection between preschool children's mental health and their adherence to the 24-h Movement Behaviour guidelines. Results Worryingly, merely 14.6% of preschoolers met the recommended guidelines for all three aspects (PA, sleep duration, and screen time). Positive correlations were identified between meeting PA guidelines and displaying prosocial behaviour (β = 0.184; p < 0.05), while screen time adherence exhibited a negative correlation with externalizing problems (β = -0.207; p < 0.05). Similarly, there was a negative association between sleep duration adherence and externalizing problems (β = -0.191; p < 0.05). Meeting all three recommended guidelines was notably linked to enhanced prosocial behaviour (β = 0.464; p < 0.05), while following the screen time and sleep duration guidelines was negatively associated with externalizing problems (β = -0.246; p < 0.05). Conclusion This study underscores the limited adherence of Chinese preschoolers to the comprehensive 24-h Movement Behaviour guidelines. Noteworthy findings include the positive influence of PA on prosocial behaviour, alongside the significant roles that sleep duration and screen time play in mitigating externalizing problems within this age group. Alignment with the 24-h Movement Behaviour guidelines is associated with more favorable mental health indicators in preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yin
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Physical Education, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yin
- English Course Group, Hengyang First High School, Hengyang, China
| | - Zongyu Yang
- School of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Linchun Pi
- School of Sports Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, China
| | - Zan Gao
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Santos RMS, Mendes CG, Sen Bressani GY, de Alcantara Ventura S, de Almeida Nogueira YJ, de Miranda DM, Romano-Silva MA. The associations between screen time and mental health in adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:127. [PMID: 37081557 PMCID: PMC10117262 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents have extensive use of screens and, they have common complains related to mental health. Here a systematic review was done to understand the association between screen time and adolescent's mental health. METHOD This review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA. An update search was performed in January 2023 with the following keywords: "screen time," "adolescent," and "mental health" on PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. RESULTS 50 articles were included, most have found associations between screen exposure and mental health in adolescents. The most used device by adolescents was the smartphone and the use on weekdays was associated with diminished mental well-being. Social media use was negatively associated with mental well-being and, in girls, associated at higher risk for depression. CONCLUSION Excessive screen time in adolescents seems associated with mental health problems. Given the profusion and disparity of the results, additional studies are needed to clarify elements such as the screen content or the interaction of adolescents with different screen devices. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022302817.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Maria Silva Santos
- Graduate Program Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila Guimarães Mendes
- Graduate Program Children and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Yanq Sen Bressani
- Graduate Program Children and Adolescent Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Samara de Alcantara Ventura
- Scientific Research Program Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Liang K, Chen S, Chi X. Differential Associations Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines With Mental Wellbeing and Mental Illness Among Chinese Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:658-666. [PMID: 36599758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.11.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Contemporary mental health models simultaneously consider psychological distress and wellness. Researchers have proposed that adhering to the 24-hour movement guidelines (24-HMG) contributes to mental health. 24-HMG integrates recommendations of time distribution among sleep, screen use, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Yet, there are few studies on the relationship between meeting 24-HMG and mental health, especially mental wellbeing. This study aimed to examine the associations between adherence to 24-HMG with mental wellbeing and mental illness among Chinese adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 67,281 Chinese adolescents aged 10-17 years (mean age = 13.0 years, 51.9% males) were collected by sending online questionnaires to local primary and middle schools in Shenzhen in 2021. We used multilevel generalized linear models to analyze associations between meeting 24-HMG with mental wellbeing (subjective wellbeing, resilience, and positive youth development) and mental illness (depression and anxiety). RESULTS Only 1.7% of participants met recommendations for all three behaviors (sleep, screen use, and MVPA). Compared with meeting none of the recommendations, participants who met one or more recommendations reported significantly better performance in mental wellbeing (all p < .001); on the contrary, meeting one or more recommendations (except for only meeting the MVPA recommendation) were significantly related to lower severity of mental illness (all p < .001). The relationship between the number of recommendations met with mental well-being and mental illness indicators presented a dose-response pattern (all p < .001). DISCUSSION Meeting 24-HMG was associated with superior mental health, including a higher propensity for mental wellbeing and a lower risk of mental illness. The importance of limiting screen time and getting enough sleep should be highlighted in promoting mental health in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Liang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Mougharbel F, Chaput JP, Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Colman I, Leatherdale ST, Patte KA, Goldfield GS. Longitudinal associations between different types of screen use and depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1101594. [PMID: 37213617 PMCID: PMC10193840 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1101594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence examining the longitudinal associations between different types of screen behaviours and mental health among adolescents is limited. The present study examined the association between five types of screen behaviours and symptoms of anxiety and depression one year later. This study also assessed how changes in screen time were associated with changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms and whether the observed relationships were moderated by sex. Methods Longitudinal data of 17,174 students in grades 9-12 (53.5% females; mean age: 15.1 ± 0.9 years) attending high schools in Canada from two waves (year 6: 2017/18, year 7: 2018/19) of the COMPASS study were analyzed. Leisure screen time and mental health measures were self-reported. To test if the associations between screen time and anxiety, and depression vary by sex, two-way interactions were examined for sex. Analyses accounted for school clustering, race/ethnicity, sex, age, income, body mass index z-score, and previous year anxiety and depression symptoms. Results There were significant longitudinal associations between time spent on each type of screen and subsequent anxiety and depression symptoms. The strength of the associations varied by type of screen behaviour. Interaction analysis indicated a sex difference for television viewing and anxiety and depression symptoms, and internet surfing and anxiety symptoms. A dose-response relationship was observed between phone talking and anxiety symptoms. Beta estimates indicated that an increase in screen duration was associated with a further increase in anxiety and depression symptoms. Conclusion Higher screen time was longitudinally associated with higher anxiety and depression symptoms at one-year follow-up in adolescents. Time-change associations between screen usage and depressive and anxiety symptoms were observed. Also, associations differed based on sex and screen type, whereby greater increases in screen use predicted greater emotional distress. Findings from this prospective analysis suggest that screen time is an important determinant of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Future studies are recommended to help inform programs promoting screen time reduction with a goal to enhance adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mougharbel
- School of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Karen A. Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Gary S. Goldfield
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Gary S. Goldfield,
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The Association of Soft Drink Consumption and the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines with Suicidality among Adolescents of the United States. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091870. [PMID: 35565838 PMCID: PMC9100874 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence is lacking for the association of the behaviors of the 24 h movement guidelines including sleep duration, physical activity, screen time, and soft drink consumption with suicidality among adolescents. Methods: Data were extracted from a national representative sample of Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) in the United States from 2011 to 2019. Binary logistic regression models with complex sampling designs were used to explore the association of the recommendations of the 24 h movement guidelines and soft drink consumption with suicidality. Results: The total prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and suicide attempt with medical treatment was higher among adolescents who did not meet all the recommendations in the 24 h movement guidelines and had a higher level of soft drink consumption. Totally, not meeting all the recommendations of the 24 h movement guidelines was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.30–2.19) and suicide plan (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.34–2.33) compared with adolescents who meet all the recommendations. Soft drink consumption of ≥3 times/day was associated with an increased risk of suicidality including suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and suicide attempt with medical treatment, regardless of sex. Soft drink consumption of ≥3 times/day was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt and suicide attempt with medical treatment, regardless of whether the recommendations of physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration were met. Conclusion: Age-appropriate sleep duration, no more than 2 h of screen time per day, at least 1 h of physical activity per day as contained in the 24 h movement guidelines and less than one soft drink consumption per day are good targets to prevent involvement in suicidality. More actions for intervening in the movement and dietary behaviors among adolescents are needed to maintain physical and mental health.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lien A, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. The Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines and self-rated physical and mental health among adolescents. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2022; 113:312-321. [PMID: 34580829 PMCID: PMC8975895 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-021-00568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth recommend a minimum of 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no more than 2 h/day of recreational screen time, and 8-11 h/night of sleep depending on age. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of meeting combinations of these recommendations with self-rated physical and mental health. METHODS This study used data from the 2017 (n = 5739) and 2019 (n = 6960) cycles of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS), a biennially repeated cross-sectional study of Ontario students in grades 7 through 12. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnoracial background, subjective socio-economic status, and body mass index z-scores. RESULTS Similar patterns were seen in the 2017 and 2019 samples. Compared with meeting none of the recommendations, meeting different combinations of recommendations in the 2019 sample was associated with positive self-rated physical and mental health. A dose-response gradient between the number of recommendations met and self-rated physical (p < 0.001) and mental (p < 0.001) health was observed, with meeting one (AOR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.58-2.09), two (AOR: 3.54; 95% CI: 2.98-4.22), or three recommendations (AOR: 6.34; 95% CI: 4.46-9.02) being increasingly associated with positive self-rated physical health compared with meeting none; and meeting one (AOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.33-1.71), two (AOR: 2.70; 95% CI: 2.31-3.17), or three recommendations (AOR: 3.58; 95% CI: 2.57-4.98) being increasingly associated with positive self-rated mental health compared with meeting none. CONCLUSION Meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines is associated with better self-rated physical and mental health among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Amanda Lien
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lien A, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. Canadian 24-h Movement Guidelines, Life Stress, and Self-Esteem Among Adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:702162. [PMID: 35284397 PMCID: PMC8913893 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.702162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is often considered a period of heightened stress, and healthy active living behaviors may help those experiencing it to better cope with life stressors and increase their self-esteem. The 24-h movement guidelines for children and adolescents recommend ≥60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, ≤ 2-h per day of recreational screen time, and 9–11-h of sleep per night for school-aged children or 8–10-h per night for adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the association of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines with life stress and self-esteem among students in Ontario, Canada. Methods Self-reported data on movement behaviors, life stress and self-esteem were derived from the 2019 cycle of the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a cross-sectional and province-wide survey of students in grades 7–12 aged 11 to 20 years (N = 6,932). Multivariable ordered logistic regression analyses were adjusted for the complex sample design of the survey and for important covariates. Results Overall, meeting all combinations of movement behavior recommendations were associated with lower life stress and better self-esteem compared with meeting none of the recommendations, except meeting the physical activity only or screen time only recommendations that were not associated with lower life stress. Meeting all 3 recommendations was associated with lower life stress (OR: 0.40; 95 CI: 0.30–0.53) and better self-esteem (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.21–0.40). There was a dose-response gradient between the number of recommendations met (3 > 2 > 1) and lower life stress (p < 0.001) and higher self-esteem (p < 0.001), with meeting all 3 recommendations being the best combination. Conclusions These findings suggest that meeting the recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines is associated with lower life stress and better self-esteem among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
| | - Amanda Lien
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Sport Participation, Extracurricular Activity Involvement, and Psychological Distress: A Latent Class Analysis of Canadian High School Student-Athletes. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1123/jcsp.2021-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although psychological distress has been shown to increase during adolescence, participation in organized activities may have protective effects. The present study aimed to identify whether there is a relationship between high school student-athletes’ breadth of participation in organized activities and psychological distress, using a latent class analysis. Canadian adolescent-athletes (n = 930) in Grades 11 and 12 completed an online survey that measured: (a) high school sport participation, (b) community sport participation, (c) nonsport extracurricular activities participation, and (d) psychological distress. The latent class analysis indicated that a two-class model (i.e., Class 1 = narrower breadth, low distress; Class 2 = wider breadth, moderate distress) was most appropriate. Results indicated that despite the divergent probability of organized activity participation, participants in both classes had a low to moderate probability of presenting elevated levels of psychological distress. However, levels of psychological distress were still higher than other Canadian adolescent populations, suggesting that overscheduling could be of concern. Gender and time (i.e., prior/during COVID-19 pandemic) were significant covariates in the model.
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Brown DMY, Kwan MYW. Movement Behaviors and Mental Wellbeing: A Cross-Sectional Isotemporal Substitution Analysis of Canadian Adolescents. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:736587. [PMID: 34675788 PMCID: PMC8523680 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.736587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown reallocating screen time for healthy movement behaviors such as physical activity and sleep can provide important benefits for mental health. However, the focus on positive aspects of mental health such as wellbeing has received limited attention, particularly among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of reallocating physical activity, screen time, and sleep on mental wellbeing in adolescents. Methods: This study involved cross-sectional analysis of data from Wave 1 of the ADAPT study. A total of 1,118 Canadian adolescents enrolled in grade 11 classes (MAGE = 15.92; 54.5% female) self-reported their movement behaviors using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form to assess moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and daily recall questionnaires to assess recreational screen time and sleep. Participants also completed three measures of mental wellbeing: the Flourishing Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a brief Resiliency scale from the Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey. Results: Isotemporal substitution analysis revealed replacing 60 min of screen time with either moderate-to-vigorous physical activity or sleep has significant benefits for mental wellbeing. Comparatively, reallocating 60 min between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sleep does not impact mental wellbeing. Discussion: Findings suggest healthy movement behaviors confer similar beneficial effects for adolescent’s mental wellbeing. Health promotion campaigns targeted toward adolescents should consider highlighting that reallocation of screen time to either sleep or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may provide important benefits for mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver M Y Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Y W Kwan
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among Spanish Adolescents: Differences between Boys and Girls. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020095. [PMID: 33535696 PMCID: PMC7912944 DOI: 10.3390/children8020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for adolescents recommend ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), ≤ 2 h/day of screen time, and 8–10 h/day of sleep. Since little information is available on the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines in Spanish adolescents, this study aims to estimate the proportion of Spanish adolescents meeting individual and combinations of these 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Moreover, another aim of this study is to examine gender differences in compliance with 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Methods: A final sample of 1465 Spanish adolescents (44.50% girls; 13.08 ± 0.86) participated in this cross-sectional study. The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines were measured during weekdays and the weekend days by self-reported questionnaires. Results: Although most adolescents met sleep duration guidelines (81.3%), only 38% and 15.8% met physical activity and screen time guidelines, respectively. Only 5.4% of these adolescents met all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, whereas 10.2% of this sample did not meet any of these guidelines. Although boys reported greater compliance with physical activity recommendations and girls with screen time recommendations, no significant gender differences were found in the compliance of all three 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Conclusion: Given that 94.4% of Spanish adolescents did not meet 24-Hour Movement Guidelines, promoting all these three movement behaviours in both boys and girls is an urgent public health priority.
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