1
|
Lienhard J, Wengi N, Rostaher A, Schneeberger M, Ghielmetti G. First description of Arthroderma lilyanum in a rabbit with a focal alopecic area of the forelimb. Med Mycol Case Rep 2023; 40:58-60. [PMID: 37283719 PMCID: PMC10240506 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatophytosis is an important zoonotic disease in pet rabbits. While common clinical signs of dermatophytosis can occur, rabbits can also be asymptomatically infected. This case report describes a rabbit from Switzerland, with a focal alopecic area on one forepaw. Dermatophyte culture of a hair and skin sample taken from the lesion revealed growth of a dermatophyte, that was identified as the recently described species Arthroderma (A.) lilyanum by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin genes. After local treatment with a disinfectant containing octenidine dihydrochloride and phenoxyethanol twice daily for two weeks, the lesion fully healed. Although it is not clear whether the dermatophyte was responsible for the lesion or if it was an incidental finding with an asymptomatic infection, the current report shows, that the host spectrum and geographical distribution of A. lilyanum are broader than previously thought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lienhard
- Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Wengi
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Ana Rostaher
- Dermatology Unit, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Schneeberger
- Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Ghielmetti
- Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bacteremia and Aortic Valvular Endocarditis in a Eurasian Stone-Curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus distinctus) due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae. J Wildl Dis 2022; 58:697-700. [PMID: 35704500 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-21-00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Burhinus oedicnemus distinctus is an endemic subspecies of Eurasian Stone-curlew present in the Canary Islands. Their populations are rapidly declining, mainly because of anthropogenic impacts. This report describes valvular endocarditis and septicemia in a Eurasian Stone-Curlew with left foot loss and severe contralateral bumblefoot.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kromann S, Kudirkiene E, Li L, Thoefner I, Daldorph E, Christensen JP, Meng H, Olsen RH. Treatment with high-dose antidepressants severely exacerbates the pathological outcome of experimental Escherichia coli infections in poultry. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185914. [PMID: 29020098 PMCID: PMC5636113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for novel antibiotics as the current antibiotics are losing their value due to increased resistance among clinically important bacteria. Sertraline, an on-marked anti-depressive drug, has been shown to modify bacterial activity in vitro, including increasing the susceptibility of Escherichia coli to antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the antimicrobial activity of sertraline could be documented under clinical settings, hereunder if sertraline could potentiate the effect of tetracycline in treatment of an experimentally induced ascending infection in poultry. A total of 40 chickens were divided in four groups of 10 chickens each. All chickens were challenged with 4x103 colony forming units (CFU) of a tetracycline resistant E. coli strain using a surgical infection model, and subsequently treated with either high-dose sertraline, tetracycline, a combination hereof or received no treatment. Seven days post challenge all birds were submitted to necropsy and scored pathologically for lesions. The average lesion scores were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the groups that were treated with high-dose sertraline or high-dose sertraline combined with tetracycline. In conclusion high-dose treatments (four times the maximum therapeutic dose for treating human depression) with sertraline as an adjuvant for treatment of antibiotic resistant E. coli infections exacerbate the pathological outcome of infection in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kromann
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Egle Kudirkiene
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lili Li
- Research Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ida Thoefner
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Daldorph
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hecheng Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rikke Heidemann Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fischer D, Lierz M. Diagnostic Procedures and Available Techniques for the Diagnosis of Aspergillosis in Birds. J Exot Pet Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Wyss F, Schumacher V, Wenker C, Hoby S, Gobeli S, Arnaud A, Engels M, Friess M, Lange CE, Stoffel MH, Robert N. Pododermatitis in Captive and Free-Ranging Greater Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus). Vet Pathol 2015; 52:1235-42. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985814568359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pododermatitis is frequent in captive flamingos worldwide, but little is known about the associated histopathologic lesions. Involvement of a papillomavirus or herpesvirus has been suspected. Histopathologic evaluation and viral assessment of biopsies from 19 live and 10 dead captive greater flamingos were performed. Selected samples were further examined by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Feet from 10 dead free-ranging greater flamingos were also evaluated. The histologic appearance of lesions of flamingos of increasing age was interpreted as the progression of pododermatitis. Mild histologic lesions were seen in a 3-week-old flamingo chick with no macroscopic lesions, and these were characterized by Micrococcus-like bacteria in the stratum corneum associated with exocytosis of heterophils. The inflammation associated with these bacteria may lead to further histologic changes: irregular columnar proliferations, papillary squirting, and dyskeratosis. In more chronic lesions, hydropic degeneration of keratinocytes, epidermal hyperplasia, and dyskeratosis were seen at the epidermis, as well as proliferation of new blood vessels and increased intercellular matrix in the dermis. Papillomavirus DNA was not identified in any of the samples, while herpesvirus DNA was seen only in a few cases; therefore, these viruses were not thought to be the cause of the lesions. Poor skin health through suboptimal husbandry may weaken the epidermal barrier and predispose the skin to invasion of Micrococcus-like bacteria. Histologic lesions were identified in very young flamingos with no macroscopic lesions; this is likely to be an early stage lesion that may progress to macroscopic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Wyss
- Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V. Schumacher
- Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - S. Hoby
- Zoo Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S. Gobeli
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A. Arnaud
- Centre de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes, le Sambuc, France
| | - M. Engels
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Friess
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. E. Lange
- Clinic for Small Animal Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. H. Stoffel
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hunter-Ellul L, Schepp ED, Lea A, Wilkerson MG. A rare case of Cryptococcus luteolus-related tenosynovitis. Infection 2014; 42:771-4. [PMID: 24481969 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-014-0593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 68-year-old male with type II diabetes mellitus presented with a nodule over the metacarpophalangeal joint of his right second finger after being spurred on the hand by a domestic turkey 2 weeks prior to onset of clinical symptoms. He was diagnosed with cryptococcal tenosynovitis caused by Cryptococcus luteolus identified by DNA sequencing. Complete clinical resolution was achieved with synovectomy and debridement followed by 1 year of fluconazole 800 mg daily.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Hunter-Ellul
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Blair J. Bumblefoot: a comparison of clinical presentation and treatment of pododermatitis in rabbits, rodents, and birds. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2013; 16:715-735. [PMID: 24018034 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pododermatitis, also known as bumblefoot, is a common condition encountered in birds, rabbits, and rodents in clinical practice. This article compares the anatomy and physiology of the foot and the predisposing factors for pododermatitis in each of the species discussed. Clinical presentation, diagnostics, and treatment options, including medical and surgical therapies, are provided. In addition, alternative therapies, including natural remedies, therapeutic laser, and acupuncture, are explored. This article is intended to encourage practitioners to use a multimodal approach for successful management of this disease in all species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Blair
- St Francis Animal & Bird Hospital, 1227 Larpenteur Avenue West, Roseville, MN 55113, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Burco JD, Ziccardi MH, Clemons KV, Tell LA. Evaluation of Plasma (1→3) β-D-glucan Concentrations in Birds Naturally and Experimentally Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus. Avian Dis 2012; 56:183-91. [DOI: 10.1637/9697-030111-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
9
|
Investigation of dissemination of aspergillosis in poultry and possible control measures. ZBORNIK MATICE SRPSKE ZA PRIRODNE NAUKE 2011. [DOI: 10.2298/zmspn1120269k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi belonging to genus Aspegillus are ubiquitous saprophytic microorganisms
which are, in certain circumstances, responsible for clinical infections of
respiratory tract in all poultry, particularly in young birds. In case of a
lung form, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger and A. glaucus are the most
frequently isolated fungi. In general, poultry is constantly exposed to these
fungi in its environment. Predisposing factors, such as long exposition and
highly contaminated environment and litter, high humidity in poultry houses,
poor ventilation, malnutrition and stress, all contribute to clinical
aspergillosis. Some geographic and seasonal regularities are observed in
relation to the distribution of disease outbreaks. In this sense, cases of
aspergillosis in our country were more frequently noted in wild areas located
northern from the rivers Sava and Danube. Influence of some factors on the
outbreak and spreading, as well as predominant clinical features of
aspergillosis in poultry were investigated in this paper. Possible
prophylactic and intervention measures were discussed. The occurrence of
Aspergillus sp. in poultry was analyzed according to the clinical and
laboratory investigations performed during the two selected years, 2000 and
2010. Widespread aspergillosis was noted in poultry flocks of different age,
both in young and adult birds. During the years 2000 and 2010, acute
aspergillosis was found in 12 and 16 commercial flocks of chickens and
turkeys, respectively. Ocular infection with Aspergillus was determined in 10
day old broilers from two flocks. Aspergillus sp. was isolated from unhatched
eggs (6.86%), litter (23.07%), environmental (36.17%) and hatchery swabs
(3.85%). Besides the appropriate antifungal therapy, enforcement of proper
sanitary-hygiene measures on poultry farms and hatcheries, as well as
microbiological control of feed are considered essential for an efficient
control of infection and its spreading.
Collapse
|
10
|
Olias P, Hauck R, Windhaus H, van der Grinten E, Gruber AD, Hafez HM. Articular aspergillosis of hip joints in turkeys. Avian Dis 2010; 54:1098-101. [PMID: 20945796 DOI: 10.1637/9232-011110-case.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in birds. Turkey poults are known to be particularly susceptible to fungal infection. Although the respiratory tract is the most commonly affected, dissemination can occur into virtually any organ. Here, we report an unusual outbreak of articular aspergillosis in a flock of meat turkeys with clinical signs of lameness. Between 7 and 11 weeks of age, turkeys had severe granulomatous osteoarthritis of the hip joints with necrosis of the femur head. Fungal morphology and PCR amplification and sequencing of the first ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA region identified Aspergillus fumigatus as the infectious agent. Concurrently, Staphylococcus spp. was isolated from the hip joints, which may have promoted the tropism of the fungus. Mild respiratory tract aspergillosis was observed in only one case. The findings suggest that fungal arthritis may present a specific disease entity in turkeys and should be considered as further cause of lameness in turkeys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Olias
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|