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Miklós Z, Horváth I. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Comorbidities in COPD. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1196. [PMID: 37371927 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress driven by several environmental and local airway factors associated with chronic obstructive bronchiolitis, a hallmark feature of COPD, plays a crucial role in disease pathomechanisms. Unbalance between oxidants and antioxidant defense mechanisms amplifies the local inflammatory processes, worsens cardiovascular health, and contributes to COPD-related cardiovascular dysfunctions and mortality. The current review summarizes recent developments in our understanding of different mechanisms contributing to oxidative stress and its countermeasures, with special attention to those that link local and systemic processes. Major regulatory mechanisms orchestrating these pathways are also introduced, with some suggestions for further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Miklós
- National Korányi Institute for Pulmonology, Korányi F. Street 1, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- National Korányi Institute for Pulmonology, Korányi F. Street 1, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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2
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Forstner D, Guettler J, Brugger BA, Lyssy F, Neuper L, Daxboeck C, Cvirn G, Fuchs J, Kraeker K, Frolova A, Valdes DS, Stern C, Hirschmugl B, Fluhr H, Wadsack C, Huppertz B, Nonn O, Herse F, Gauster M. CD39 abrogates platelet-derived factors induced IL-1β expression in the human placenta. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1183793. [PMID: 37325567 PMCID: PMC10264854 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1183793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue insults in response to inflammation, hypoxia and ischemia are accompanied by the release of ATP into the extracellular space. There, ATP modulates several pathological processes, including chemotaxis, inflammasome induction and platelet activation. ATP hydrolysis is significantly enhanced in human pregnancy, suggesting that increased conversion of extracellular ATP is an important anti-inflammatory process in preventing exaggerated inflammation, platelet activation and hemostasis in gestation. Extracellular ATP is converted into AMP, and subsequently into adenosine by the two major nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes CD39 and CD73. Here, we aimed to elucidate developmental changes of placental CD39 and CD73 over gestation, compared their expression in placental tissue from patients with preeclampsia and healthy controls, and analyzed their regulation in response to platelet-derived factors and different oxygen conditions in placental explants as well as the trophoblast cell line BeWo. Linear regression analysis showed a significant increase in placental CD39 expression, while at the same time CD73 levels declined at term of pregnancy. Neither maternal smoking during first trimester, fetal sex, maternal age, nor maternal BMI revealed any effects on placental CD39 and CD73 expression. Immunohistochemistry detected both, CD39 and CD73, predominantly in the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Placental CD39 and CD73 expression were significantly increased in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia, when compared to controls. Cultivation of placental explants under different oxygen conditions had no effect on the ectonucleotidases, whereas presence of platelet releasate from pregnant women led to deregulated CD39 expression. Overexpression of recombinant human CD39 in BeWo cells decreased extracellular ATP levels after culture in presence of platelet-derived factors. Moreover, platelet-derived factors-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β, was abolished by CD39 overexpression. Our study shows that placental CD39 is upregulated in preeclampsia, suggesting an increasing demand for extracellular ATP hydrolysis at the utero-placental interface. Increased placental CD39 in response to platelet-derived factors may lead to enhanced conversion of extracellular ATP levels, which in turn could represent an important anti-coagulant defense mechanism of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Forstner
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Guettler
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beatrice A. Brugger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Freya Lyssy
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lena Neuper
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Daxboeck
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristin Kraeker
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alina Frolova
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Daniela S. Valdes
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Hirschmugl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olivia Nonn
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Gauster
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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P2Y purinergic signaling in prostate cancer: Emerging insights into pathophysiology and therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Xia GQ, Cai JN, Wu X, Fang Q, Zhao N, Lv XW. The mechanism by which ATP regulates alcoholic steatohepatitis through P2X4 and CD39. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 916:174729. [PMID: 34973190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease caused by chronic excessive drinking has become one of the most common types of liver disease. Alcohol-induced inflammatory immune responses play a central role in the development of alcohol-associated steatohepatitis. The content and expression of ATP and P2X4 in the livers of alcoholic steatohepatitis mice are significantly increased. The content of ATP increased by 20 percent and the expression of P2X4 receptor protein was 1.3 times higher than that in the livers of normal mice. Treatment with 5-BDBD, a P2X4 receptor-specific inhibitor, significantly reduced alcohol-induced liver inflammation and lipid deposition. In RAW264.7 cell experiments, 5-BDBD inhibited the expression of P2X4 and alleviated alcohol-induced inflammation, while the CD39-specific inhibitor POM-1 reduced extracellular ATP degradation and promoted the expression of P2X4, thereby exacerbating inflammation. After treatment with 5-BDBD, P2X4 receptor protein expression decreased by 0.2 times and after treatment with POM-1, P2X4 receptor protein expression increased by 0.1 times compared to the alcohol-stimulated group. In addition, inhibition of P2X4 expression in RAW264.7 cells reduced calcium influx in RAW264.7 cells. P2X4 may induce the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by mediating calcium influx, thus exacerbating the inflammatory response, and inhibition of P2X4 expression can effectively block this process. Conclusion: These results suggest that the ATP-P2X4 signaling pathway promotes the inflammatory response in alcoholic steatohepatitis and that CD39 may play a protective role in regulating P2X4 expression by hydrolyzing ATP. In conclusion, the CD39 and ATP-P2X4 signaling pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Xia
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Jun-Nan Cai
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China.
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Díaz-García E, García-Tovar S, Alfaro E, Zamarrón E, Mangas A, Galera R, Ruíz-Hernández JJ, Solé-Violán J, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Van-Den-Rym A, Pérez-de-Diego R, Nanwani-Nanwani K, López-Collazo E, García-Rio F, Cubillos-Zapata C. Role of CD39 in COVID-19 Severity: Dysregulation of Purinergic Signaling and Thromboinflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:847894. [PMID: 35173744 PMCID: PMC8841513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.847894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CD39/NTPDase1 has emerged as an important molecule that contributes to maintain inflammatory and coagulatory homeostasis. Various studies have hypothesized the possible role of CD39 in COVID-19 pathophysiology since no confirmatory data shed light in this regard. Therefore, we aimed to quantify CD39 expression on COVID-19 patients exploring its association with severity clinical parameters and ICU admission, while unraveling the role of purinergic signaling on thromboinflammation in COVID-19 patients. We selected a prospective cohort of patients hospitalized due to severe COVID-19 pneumonia (n=75), a historical cohort of Influenza A pneumonia patients (n=18) and sex/age-matched healthy controls (n=30). CD39 was overexpressed in COVID-19 patients’ plasma and immune cell subsets and related to hypoxemia. Plasma soluble form of CD39 (sCD39) was related to length of hospital stay and independently associated with intensive care unit admission (adjusted odds ratio 1.04, 95%CI 1.0-1.08, p=0.038), with a net reclassification index of 0.229 (0.118-0.287; p=0.036). COVID-19 patients showed extracellular accumulation of adenosine nucleotides (ATP and ADP), resulting in systemic inflammation and pro-coagulant state, as a consequence of purinergic pathway dysregulation. Interestingly, we found that COVID-19 plasma caused platelet activation, which was successfully blocked by the P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, ticagrelor. Therefore, sCD39 is suggested as a promising biomarker for COVID-19 severity. As a conclusion, our study indicates that CD39 overexpression in COVID-19 patients could be indicating purinergic signaling dysregulation, which might be at the basis of COVID-19 thromboinflammation disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz-García
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara García-Tovar
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Alfaro
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Zamarrón
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Mangas
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Galera
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Juan Ruíz-Hernández
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gran Canaria Dr Negrín University Hospital, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Intensitive Care Medicine, Gran Canaria Dr Negrín University Hospital, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Departament of Immunology, Gran Canaria Dr Negrín University Hospital, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ana Van-Den-Rym
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Interdepartmental Group of Immunodeficiencies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Pérez-de-Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Interdepartmental Group of Immunodeficiencies, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Rio
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco García-Rio, ; Carolina Cubillos-Zapata,
| | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Service, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco García-Rio, ; Carolina Cubillos-Zapata,
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6
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Schäkel L, Mirza S, Pietsch M, Lee SY, Keuler T, Sylvester K, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Pillaiyar T, Namasivayam V, Gütschow M, Müller CE. 2-Substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives: Allosteric ectonucleotidase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100300. [PMID: 34697820 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The antithrombotic prodrugs ticlopidine and clopidogrel are thienotetrahydro-pyridine derivatives that are metabolized in the liver to produce thiols that irreversibly block adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-activated P2Y12 receptors on thrombocytes. In their native, nonmetabolized form, both drugs were reported to act as inhibitors of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1, CD39). CD39 catalyzes the extracellular hydrolysis of nucleoside tri- and diphosphates, mainly adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and ADP, yielding adenosine monophosphate, which is further hydrolyzed by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) to produce adenosine. While ATP has proinflammatory effects, adenosine is a potent anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive agent. Inhibitors of CD39 and CD73 have potential as novel checkpoint inhibitors for the immunotherapy of cancer and infection. In the present study, we investigated 2-substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives, structurally related to ticlopidine, as CD39 inhibitors. Due to their substituent on the 2-position, they will not be metabolically transformed into reactive thiols and can, therefore, be expected to be devoid of P2Y12 receptor-antagonistic activity in vivo. Several of the investigated 2-substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives showed concentration-dependent inhibition of CD39. The most potent derivative, 32, showed similar CD39-inhibitory potency to ticlopidine, both acting as allosteric inhibitors. Compound 32 showed an improved selectivity profile: While ticlopidine blocked several NTPDase isoenzymes, 32 was characterized as a novel dual inhibitor of CD39 and CD73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schäkel
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Salahuddin Mirza
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Pietsch
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute II of Pharmacology, Centre of Pharmacology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sang-Yong Lee
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Keuler
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Sylvester
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Départment de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Hyperinflammation and airway surface liquid dehydration in cystic fibrosis: purinergic system as therapeutic target. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:633-649. [PMID: 33904934 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The exacerbate inflammatory response contributes to the progressive loss of lung function in cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disease that affects the osmotic balance of mucus and mucociliary clearance, resulting in a microenvironment that favors infection and inflammation. The purinergic system, an extracellular signaling pathway characterized by nucleotides, enzymes and receptors, may have a protective role in the disease, through its action in airway surface liquid (ASL) and anti-inflammatory response. MATERIALS AND METHODS To make up this review, studies covering topics of CF, inflammation, ASL and purinergic system were selected from the main medical databases, such as Pubmed and ScienceDirect. CONCLUSION We propose several ways to modulate the purinergic system as a potential therapy for CF, like inhibition of P2X7, activation of P2Y2, A2A and A2B receptors and blocking of adenosine deaminase. Among them, we postulate that the most suitable strategy is to block the action of adenosine deaminase, which culminates in the increase of Ado levels that presents anti-inflammatory actions and improves mucociliary clearance. Furthermore, it is possible to maintain the physiological levels of ATP to control the hydration of ASL. These therapies could correct the main mechanisms that contribute to the progression of CF.
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Di T, Yang Y, Fu C, Zhang Z, Qin C, Sai X, Liu J, Hu C, Zheng M, Wu Y, Bian T. Let-7 mediated airway remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via the regulation of IL-6. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13425. [PMID: 33037614 PMCID: PMC7988621 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition are observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms of regulation of myofibroblast differentiation remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We detected let-7 levels in peripheral lung tissues, serum and primary bronchial epithelial cells of COPD patients and cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice. IL-6 mRNA was explored in lung tissues of COPD patients and CS-exposed mice. IL-6 protein was detected in cell supernatant from primary epithelial cells by ELISA. We confirmed the regulatory effect of let-7 on IL-6 by luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting assay was used to determine the expression of α-SMA, E-cadherin and collagen I. In vitro, cell study was performed to demonstrate the role of let-7 in myofibroblast differentiation and ECM deposition. RESULTS Low expression of let-7 was observed in COPD patients, CS-exposed mice and CS extract (CSE)-treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Increased IL-6 was found in COPD patients, CS-exposed mice and CSE-treated HBE cells. Let-7 targets and silences IL-6 protein coding genes through binding to 3' untranslated region (UTR) of IL-6. Normal or CSE-treated HBE cells were co-cultured with human embryonic lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells). Reduction of let-7 in HBE cells caused myofibroblast differentiation and ECM deposition, while increase of let-7 mimics decreased myofibroblast differentiation phenotype and ECM deposition. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that CS reduced let-7 expression in COPD and, further, identify let-7 as a regulator of myofibroblast differentiation through the regulation of IL-6, which has potential value for diagnosis and treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Di
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Congli Fu
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Zixiao Zhang
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Chu Qin
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Sai
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Hu
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Tao Bian
- Departments of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
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9
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Savio LEB, Robson SC, Longhi MS. Ectonucleotidase Modulation of Lymphocyte Function in Gut and Liver. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:621760. [PMID: 33553158 PMCID: PMC7859358 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.621760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance between regulatory and effector T lymphocytes contributes to loss of immunotolerance and plays a permissive role in the initiation, perpetuation, and progression of chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders. Regulatory/effector cell balance is governed by the CD39 ectonucleotidase, the prototype member of the NTPDase family that hydrolyzes ATP and ADP into AMP, subsequently converted into adenosine by CD73. Generation of adenosine impacts T-cell function as it contributes to the mechanism of suppression of Tregs and confers regulatory properties to pathogenic Th17-cells. CD39 cell distribution, mechanism of regulation and impact on inflammatory and regulatory signaling pathways are also discussed here. Innovative therapeutic strategies to boost CD39 levels and activity by either administering soluble ADPases or interfering with CD39 inhibitory signals are reviewed. Restoration of CD39 levels and function has enormous translational and clinical implications and should be regarded as an additional form of treatment to be deployed in the chronic inflammatory setting. The key role of CD39 in immunoregulation in the context of Crohn's disease, one of the most frequent manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune hepatitis, an autoimmune disorder of the liver, is reviewed and discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Ferrari D, Vuerich M, Casciano F, Longhi MS, Melloni E, Secchiero P, Zech A, Robson SC, Müller T, Idzko M. Eosinophils and Purinergic Signaling in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1339. [PMID: 32733449 PMCID: PMC7360723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are major effector cells against parasites, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. However, these cells also take part in local and systemic inflammation, which are central to eczema, atopy, rhinitis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. A role for eosinophils has been also shown in vascular thrombotic disorders and in cancer. Many, if not all, above-mentioned conditions involve the release of intracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, etc.) and nucleosides (adenosine) in the extracellular environment. Simultaneously, eosinophils further release ATP, which in autocrine and paracrine manners, stimulates P2 receptors. Purinergic signaling in eosinophils mediates a variety of responses including CD11b induction, ROI production, release of granule contents and enzymes, as well as cytokines. Exposure to extracellular ATP also modulates the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, thereby favoring eosinophil extravasation and accumulation. In addition, eosinophils express the immunosuppressive adenosine P1 receptors, which regulate degranulation and migration. However, pro-inflammatory responses induced by extracellular ATP predominate. Due to their important role in innate immunity and tissue damage, pharmacological targeting of nucleotide- and nucleoside-mediated signaling in eosinophils could represent a novel approach to alleviate eosinophilic acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. These innovative approaches might also have salutary effects, particularly in host defense against parasites and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andreas Zech
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tobias Müller
- Division of Pneumology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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De Cunto G, Cavarra E, Bartalesi B, Lungarella G, Lucattelli M. Alveolar Macrophage Phenotype and Compartmentalization Drive Different Pulmonary Changes in Mouse Strains Exposed to Cigarette Smoke. COPD 2020; 17:429-443. [PMID: 32597232 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2020.1783648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COPD can manifest itself with different clinical phenotypes characterized by different disease progression and response to therapy. Although a remarkable number of studies have been carried out, little is known about the mechanisms underlying phenotypes that could guide the development of viable future therapies. Several murine strains mirror some human phenotypes after smoke exposure. It was of interest to investigate in these strains whether different pattern of activation of macrophages, and their distribution in lungs, is associated to changes characterizing different phenotypes. We chose C57Bl/6, and Lck deficient mice, which show significant emphysema, DBA/2 mice that develop changes similar to those of "pulmonary fibrosis/emphysema syndrome", p66Shc ko mice that develop bronchiolitis with fibrosis but not emphysema, and finally ICR mice that do not develop changes at 7 months after smoke exposure. Unlike other strains, ICR mice show very few activated macrophages (Mac-3 positive) mostly negative to M1 or M2 markers. On the other hand, a large population of M1 macrophages predominates in the lung periphery of DBA/2, C57Bl/6 and in Lck deficient mice, where emphysema is more evident. M2 macrophages are mainly observed in subpleural and intraparenchymal areas of DBA/2 mice and around bronchioles of p66Shc ko mice where fibrotic changes are present. We observed slight but significant differences in mRNA expression of iNOS, ECF-L, arginase 1, IL-4, IL-13 and TGF-β between air- and smoke-exposed mice. These differences together with the different compartmentalization of macrophages may offer an explanation for the diversity of lesions and their distribution that we observed among the strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Cunto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cavarra
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartalesi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lungarella
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Monica Lucattelli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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12
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Guo-Parke H, Linden D, Weldon S, Kidney JC, Taggart CC. Mechanisms of Virus-Induced Airway Immunity Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of COPD Disease, Progression, and Exacerbation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1205. [PMID: 32655557 PMCID: PMC7325903 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the integrated form of chronic obstructive bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema, characterized by persistent small airway inflammation and progressive irreversible airflow limitation. COPD is characterized by acute pulmonary exacerbations and associated accelerated lung function decline, hospitalization, readmission and an increased risk of mortality, leading to huge social-economic burdens. Recent evidence suggests ~50% of COPD acute exacerbations are connected with a range of respiratory viral infections. Nevertheless, respiratory viral infections have been linked to the severity and frequency of exacerbations and virus-induced secondary bacterial infections often result in a synergistic decline of lung function and longer hospitalization. Here, we review current advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of COPD and the increased susceptibility to virus-induced exacerbations and associated immune dysfunction in patients with COPD. The multiple immune regulators and inflammatory signaling pathways known to be involved in host-virus responses are discussed. As respiratory viruses primarily target airway epithelial cells, virus-induced inflammatory responses in airway epithelium are of particular focus. Targeting virus-induced inflammatory pathways in airway epithelial cells such as Toll like receptors (TLRs), interferons, inflammasomes, or direct blockade of virus entry and replication may represent attractive future therapeutic targets with improved efficacy. Elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of virus infections in COPD pathogenesis will undoubtedly facilitate the development of these potential novel therapies that may attenuate the relentless progression of this heterogeneous and complex disease and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo-Parke
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group, Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Dermot Linden
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group, Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sinéad Weldon
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group, Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph C Kidney
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Mater Hospital Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Clifford C Taggart
- Airway Innate Immunity Research Group, Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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13
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De Cunto G, Cavarra E, Bartalesi B, Lucattelli M, Lungarella G. Innate Immunity and Cell Surface Receptors in the Pathogenesis of COPD: Insights from Mouse Smoking Models. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:1143-1154. [PMID: 32547002 PMCID: PMC7246326 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s246219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is mainly associated with smoking habit. Inflammation is the major initiating process whereby neutrophils and monocytes are attracted into the lung microenvironment by external stimuli present in tobacco leaves and in cigarette smoke, which promote chemotaxis, adhesion, phagocytosis, release of superoxide anions and enzyme granule contents. A minority of smokers develops COPD and different molecular factors, which contribute to the onset of the disease, have been put forward. After many years of research, the pathogenesis of COPD is still an object of debate. In vivo models of cigarette smoke-induced COPD may help to unravel cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of COPD. The mouse represents the most favored animal choice with regard to the study of immune mechanisms due to its genetic and physiological similarities to humans, the availability of a large variability of inbred strains, the presence in the species of several genetic disorders analogous to those in man, and finally on the possibility to create models “made-to-measure” by genetic manipulation. The review outlines the different response of mouse strains to cigarette smoke used in COPD studies while retaining a strong focus on their relatability to human patients. These studies reveal the importance of innate immunity and cell surface receptors in the pathogenesis of pulmonary injury induced by cigarette smoking. They further advance the way in which we use wild type or genetically manipulated strains to improve our overall understanding of a multifaceted disease such as COPD. The structural and functional features, which have been found in the different strains of mice after chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, can be used in preclinical studies to develop effective new therapeutic agents for the different phenotypes in human COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Cunto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cavarra
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartalesi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Monica Lucattelli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lungarella
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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14
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Wang Y, Wang XK, Wu PP, Wang Y, Ren LY, Xu AH. Necroptosis Mediates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:1093-1101. [PMID: 32546997 PMCID: PMC7244448 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s233506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced inflammation in macrophages is involved in the pathological process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Necroptosis, which is a form of programmed necrosis, has a close relationship with robust inflammation, while its roles in COPD are unclear. Materials and Methods Necroptosis markers were measured in mouse alveolar macrophages and cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Necroptosis inhibitors were used to block necroptosis in BMDMs, and inflammatory cytokines were detected. We further explored the related signaling pathways. Results In this study, we demonstrated the way in which necroptosis, in addition to its upstream and downstream signals, regulates CS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages. We observed that CS exposure caused a significant increase in the levels of necroptosis markers (receptor interacting kinases [RIPK] 1 and 3) in mouse alveolar macrophages and BMDMs. Pharmacological inhibition of RIPK1 or 3 caused a significant suppression in CS extract (CSE)-induced inflammatory cytokines, chemokine ligands (CXCL) 1 and 2, and interleukin (IL)-6 in BMDMs. CSE-induced necroptosis was regulated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS), which also promoted inflammation in BMDMs. Furthermore, necroptosis regulated CSE-induced inflammatory responses in BMDMs, most likely through activation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway. Conclusion Taken together, our results demonstrate that mitoROS-dependent necroptosis is essential for CS-induced inflammation in BMDMs and suggest that inhibition of necroptosis in macrophages may represent effective therapeutic approaches for COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ke Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Pei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Yu Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Hui Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
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15
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van Heusden C, Button B, Anderson WH, Ceppe A, Morton LC, O'Neal WK, Dang H, Alexis NE, Donaldson S, Stephan H, Boucher RC, Lazarowski ER. Inhibition of ATP hydrolysis restores airway surface liquid production in cystic fibrosis airway epithelia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L356-L365. [PMID: 31800264 PMCID: PMC7052677 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00449.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway surface dehydration is a pathological feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. CF is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cyclic AMP-regulated Cl- channel controlled in part by the adenosine A2B receptor. An alternative CFTR-independent mechanism of fluid secretion is regulated by ATP via the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) that activates Ca2+-regulated Cl- channels (CaCC/TMEM16) and inhibits Na+ absorption. However, due to rapid ATP hydrolysis, steady-state ATP levels in CF airway surface liquid (ASL) are inadequate to maintain P2Y2R-mediated fluid secretion. Therefore, inhibiting airway epithelial ecto-ATPases to increase ASL ATP levels constitutes a strategy to restore airway surface hydration in CF. Using [γ32P]ATP as radiotracer, we assessed the effect of a series of ATPase inhibitory compounds on the stability of physiologically occurring ATP concentrations. We identified the polyoxometalate [Co4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10- (POM-5) as the most potent and effective ecto-ATPase inhibitor in CF airway epithelial cells. POM-5 caused long-lasting inhibition of ATP hydrolysis in airway epithelia, which was reversible upon removal of the inhibitor. Importantly, POM-5 markedly enhanced steady-state levels of released ATP, promoting increased ASL volume in CF cell surfaces. These results provide proof of concept for ecto-ATPase inhibitors as therapeutic agents to restore hydration of CF airway surfaces. As a test of this notion, cell-free sputum supernatants from CF subjects were studied and found to have abnormally elevated ATPase activity, which was markedly inhibited by POM-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina van Heusden
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wayne H Anderson
- Marsico Lung Institute/Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Agathe Ceppe
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lisa C Morton
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wanda K O'Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hong Dang
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Neil E Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott Donaldson
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Holger Stephan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eduardo R Lazarowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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16
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Liu ZN, Jia WQ, Jiang T, Dai JW, Shuai C, Lv XW. Regulation of CD39 expression in ATP-P2Y2R-mediated alcoholic liver steatosis and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105915. [PMID: 31639617 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in the progression of alcoholic liver disease. ATP-P2Y2R signaling and CD39 play an important role in various diseases, but little is known about their role in alcoholic liver steatosis and inflammation. As a transmembrane hydrolase, CD39 hydrolyzes ATP, while the mutual regulation of CD39 and ATP-P2Y2R in alcoholic steatohepatitis is poorly understood. Here, we found that the expression of ATP, P2Y2R, and CD39 is increased significantly both in the liver of alcohol-fed mice and alcohol-induced RAW264.7 cell lines. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were intrapretationally injected with P2Y2R inhibitor suramin from day 4 until day 10 during the induction of a chronic/binge drinking model. Pharmacological blockade of P2Y2R largely prevents liver damage, lipid accumulation, and inflammation, with concomitant down-expression of CD39 in liver. We found that the inhibition of P2Y2R in vitro reduces inflammation via down-expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the expression of CD39 was reduced, whereas the activation of P2Y2R showed an opposite effect. Silencing of CD39 promoted the expression of ATP and P2Y2R. These results indicate that CD39 attenuates alcohol-induced steatohepatitis by scavenging extracellular ATP to indirectly regulate the expression of P2Y2R. Interestingly, P2Y2R paradoxically boosts CD39 activity. Thus, blockade of the extracellular ATP-P2Y2R signalling represents a potential therapeutic approach against alcoholic liver disease, and CD39 is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Ni Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Qian Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-Wen Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Shuai
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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17
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Chen J, Dai L, Wang T, He J, Wang Y, Wen F. The elevated CXCL5 levels in circulation are associated with lung function decline in COPD patients and cigarette smoking-induced mouse model of COPD. Ann Med 2019; 51:314-329. [PMID: 31269827 PMCID: PMC7877878 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2019.1639809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: C-X-C motif chemokine 5 is primarily chemotactic for neutrophils and previously shown to increase in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, whether C-X-C motif chemokine 5 levels correlate with lung function decline in patients or mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was not clear. Methods: The mouse model was induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Plasma/serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were obtained from patients and mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; C-X-C motif chemokine 5 levels were assessed and correlated with lung functions and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor levels, respectively. Results: The C-X-C motif chemokine 5 levels increased and correlated to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor levels in both plasma/serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from patients and mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Circulating levels of C-X-C motif chemokine 5 correlated to lung functions decline in patients and mouse model. Conclusions: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor might coordinate with C-X-C motif chemokine 5 in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Circulating C-X-C motif chemokine 5 might serve as a potential blood-based biomarker to add additional modest predictive value on the preliminary screening and diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Key messages Circulating C-X-C motif chemokine 5 might serve as a potential blood-based biomarker to add additional modest predictive value on the preliminary screening and diagnosis of COPD. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor might coordinate with C-X-C motif chemokine 5 in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Luqi Dai
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region of China , Chengdu , China
| | - Yashu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinjiang Provincial Corps Hospital Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Urumqi , China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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18
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Le TTT, Berg NK, Harting MT, Li X, Eltzschig HK, Yuan X. Purinergic Signaling in Pulmonary Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1633. [PMID: 31379836 PMCID: PMC6646739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purine nucleotides and nucleosides are at the center of biologic reactions. In particular, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the fundamental energy currency of cellular activity and adenosine has been demonstrated to play essential roles in human physiology and pathophysiology. In this review, we examine the role of purinergic signaling in acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation, with emphasis on ATP and adenosine. ATP is released into extracellular space in response to cellular injury and necrosis. It is then metabolized to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) via ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) and further hydrolyzed to adenosine via ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73). Adenosine signals via one of four adenosine receptors to exert pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. Adenosine signaling is terminated by intracellular transport by concentrative or equilibrative nucleoside transporters (CNTs and ENTs), deamination to inosine by adenosine deaminase (ADA), or phosphorylation back into AMP via adenosine kinase (AK). Pulmonary inflammatory and hypoxic conditions lead to increased extracellular ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine levels, which translates to increased adenosine signaling. Adenosine signaling is central to the pulmonary injury response, leading to various effects on inflammation, repair and remodeling processes that are either tissue-protective or tissue destructive. In the acute setting, particularly through activation of adenosine 2A and 2B receptors, adenosine signaling serves an anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective role. However, excessive adenosine signaling in the chronic setting promotes pro-inflammatory, tissue destructive effects in chronic pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Thuy T. Le
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nathaniel K. Berg
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Matthew T. Harting
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Holger K. Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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19
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Csoma B, Bikov A, Nagy L, Tóth B, Tábi T, Szűcs G, Komlósi ZI, Müller V, Losonczy G, Lázár Z. Dysregulation of the endothelial nitric oxide pathway is associated with airway inflammation in COPD. Respir Res 2019; 20:156. [PMID: 31311549 PMCID: PMC6636120 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related to endothelial dysfunction and the impaired generation of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). The relationship between eNOS dysfunctionality and airway inflammation is unknown. We assessed serum asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA and SDMA) and nitrite/nitrate concentrations, indicators of eNOS function, in patients with COPD and correlated them with markers of inflammation. METHODS We recruited 15 control smokers, 29 patients with stable and 32 patients with exacerbated COPD requiring hospitalization (20 of them were measured both at admission and discharge). Serum L-arginine, ADMA, SDMA, nitrite and nitrate were measured and correlated with airway inflammatory markers (fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration - FENO, sputum nitrite and nitrate, sputum cellularity), serum C-reactive protein - CRP, white blood cell count, lung function and blood gases. ANOVA, t-tests and Pearson correlation were used (mean ± SD or geometric mean ± geometric SD for nitrite/nitrate). RESULTS Serum L-arginine/ADMA, a marker of substrate availability for eNOS, was lower in stable (214 ± 58, p < 0.01) and exacerbated COPD (231 ± 68, p < 0.05) than in controls (287 ± 64). The serum concentration of SDMA, a competitor of L-arginine transport, was elevated during an exacerbation (0.78 ± 0.39 μM) compared to stable patients (0.53 ± 0.14 μM, p < 0.01) and controls (0.45 ± 0.14 μM, p < 0.001). ADMA correlated with blood neutrophil percentage (r = 0.36, p < 0.01), FENO (r = 0.42, p < 0.01) and a tendency for positive association was observed to sputum neutrophil count (r = 0.33, p = 0.07). SDMA correlated with total sputum inflammatory cell count (r = 0.61, p < 0.01) and sputum neutrophil count (r = 0.62, p < 0.01). Markers were not related to lung function, blood gases or CRP. L-arginine/ADMA was unchanged, but serum SDMA level decreased (0.57 ± 0.42 μM, p < 0.05) after systemic steroid treatment of the exacerbation. Serum nitrite level increased in stable and exacerbated disease (4.11 ± 2.12 and 4.03 ± 1.77 vs. control: 1.61 ± 1.84 μM, both p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest impaired eNOS function in stable COPD, which is transiently aggravated during an exacerbation and partly reversed by systemic steroid treatment. Serum ADMA and SDMA correlate with airway inflammatory markers implying a possible effect of anti-inflammatory therapy on endothelial dysfunction. Serum nitrite can serve as a compensatory pool for impaired endothelial NO generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Csoma
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
| | - András Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
- NIHR Clinical Research Facility, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT UK
| | - Lajos Nagy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032 Hungary
| | - Bence Tóth
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032 Hungary
| | - Tamás Tábi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, 1089 Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
| | - Zsolt István Komlósi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, 1089 Hungary
| | - Veronika Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
| | - György Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
| | - Zsófia Lázár
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Diós árok 1/c, Budapest, 1125 Hungary
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20
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Antonioli L, Blandizzi C, Pacher P, Haskó G. The Purinergic System as a Pharmacological Target for the Treatment of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:345-382. [PMID: 31235653 PMCID: PMC6592405 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) encompass a wide range of seemingly unrelated conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Despite differing etiologies, these diseases share common inflammatory pathways, which lead to damage in primary target organs and frequently to a plethora of systemic effects as well. The purinergic signaling complex comprising extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides and their receptors, the P2 and P1 purinergic receptors, respectively, as well as catabolic enzymes and nucleoside transporters is a major regulatory system in the body. The purinergic signaling complex can regulate the development and course of IMIDs. Here we provide a comprehensive review on the role of purinergic signaling in controlling immunity, inflammation, and organ function in IMIDs. In addition, we discuss the possible therapeutic applications of drugs acting on purinergic pathways, which have been entering clinical development, to manage patients suffering from IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (L.A., C.B.); Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland (P.P.); and Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York (G.H.)
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (L.A., C.B.); Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland (P.P.); and Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York (G.H.)
| | - Pál Pacher
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (L.A., C.B.); Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland (P.P.); and Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York (G.H.)
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (L.A., C.B.); Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland (P.P.); and Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York (G.H.)
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21
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Rennert L, Zschiedrich S, Sandner L, Hartleben B, Cicko S, Ayata CK, Meyer C, Zech A, Zeiser R, Huber TB, Idzko M, Grahammer F. P2Y2R Signaling Is Involved in the Onset of Glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1589. [PMID: 30061884 PMCID: PMC6054981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenously released adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) is a key regulator of physiological function and inflammatory responses in the kidney. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of purinergic receptors has been linked to attenuation of inflammatory disorders and hence constitutes promising new avenues for halting and reverting inflammatory renal diseases. However, the involvement of purinergic receptors in glomerulonephritis (GN) has only been incompletely mapped. Here, we demonstrate that induction of GN in an experimental antibody-mediated GN model results in a significant increase of urinary ATP-levels and an upregulation of P2Y2R expression in resident kidney cells as well as infiltrating leukocytes pointing toward a possible role of the ATP/P2Y2R-axis in glomerular disease initiation. In agreement, decreasing extracellular ATP-levels or inhibition of P2R during induction of antibody-mediated GN leads to a reduction in all cardinal features of GN such as proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and renal failure. The specific involvement of P2Y2R could be further substantiated by demonstrating the protective effect of the lack of P2Y2R in antibody-mediated GN. To systematically differentiate between the function of P2Y2R on resident renal cells versus infiltrating leukocytes, we performed bone marrow-chimera experiments revealing that P2Y2R on hematopoietic cells is the main driver of the ATP/P2Y2R-mediated disease progression in antibody-mediated GN. Thus, these data unravel an important pro-inflammatory role for P2Y2R in the pathogenesis of GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rennert
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Zschiedrich
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Sandner
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Björn Hartleben
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Cicko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cemil Korcan Ayata
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Meyer
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zech
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,BIOSS Center for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Aliagas E, Muñoz-Esquerre M, Cuevas E, Careta O, Huertas D, López-Sánchez M, Escobar I, Dorca J, Santos S. Is the purinergic pathway involved in the pathology of COPD? Decreased lung CD39 expression at initial stages of COPD. Respir Res 2018; 19:103. [PMID: 29807526 PMCID: PMC5972409 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is up-regulated in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), resulting in increased inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and cough. Although extracellular ATP levels are tightly controlled by nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1; also known as CD39) in the lungs, the role of CD39 in the pathology of COPD is unknown. We hypothesized that alterations in the expression and activity of CD39 could be part of the mechanisms for initiating and perpetuating the disease. METHODS We analyzed CD39 gene and protein expression as well as ATPase enzyme activity in lung tissue samples of patients with COPD (n = 17), non-obstructed smokers (NOS) (n = 16), and never smokers (NS) (n = 13). Morphometry studies were performed to analyze pulmonary vascular remodeling. RESULTS There was significantly decreased CD39 gene expression in the lungs of the COPD group (1.17 [0.85-1.81]) compared with the NOS group (1.88 [1.35-4.41]) and NS group (3.32 [1.23-5.39]) (p = 0.037). This attenuation correlated with higher systemic inflammation and intimal thickening of muscular pulmonary arteries in the COPD group. Lung CD39 protein levels were also lower in the COPD group (0.34 [0.22-0.92]) compared with the NOS group (0.67 [0.32-1.06]) and NS group (0.95 [0.4-1.1) (p = 0.133). Immunohistochemistry showed that CD39 was downregulated in lung parenchyma, epithelial bronchial cells, and the endothelial cells of pulmonary muscular arteries in the COPD group. ATPase activity in human pulmonary structures was reduced in the lungs of patients with COPD. CONCLUSION An attenuation of CD39 expression and activity is presented in lung tissue of stable COPD patients, which could lead to pulmonary ATP accumulation, favoring the development of pulmonary inflammation and emphysema. This may be a mechanism underlying the development of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Aliagas
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Muñoz-Esquerre
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Cuevas
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Careta
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Huertas
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta López-Sánchez
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Escobar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Dorca
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salud Santos
- Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Unit of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. .,Research Network in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bellvitge University Hospital - IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, c/ Feixa Llarga s/n. CP 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Abstract
As the rate-limiting enzyme in ATP/ADP–AMP–adenosine pathway, CD39 would be a novel checkpoint inhibitor target in preventing adenosine-triggered immune-suppressive effect. In addition, CD39hi Tregs, but not CD25hi Tregs, exhibit sustained Foxp3 levels and functional abilities, indicating it could represent a new specific marker of Tregs. Similarly, inhibition of CD39 enzymatic function at the surface of tumor cells alleviates their immunosuppressive activity. Far from conclusive, present research revealed that CD39 also dephosphorylated and thus inactivated self- and pathogen-associated phosphoantigens of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, which may be the most promising subpopulation for cellular vaccine. CD39 is also tightly related to Th17 cells and can be regarded as a Th17 cells marker. In this review, we focus on present research of CD39 ectoenzyme and provide insights into its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Bo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatric Diseases, and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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