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Rak K, Kiecka A, Białecka J, Kawalec A, Krzyściak P, Białecka A. Retrospective Analysis of the Ureaplasma spp. Prevalence with Reference to Other Genital Tract Infections in Women of Reproductive Age. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 71:509-518. [PMID: 36401536 PMCID: PMC9944971 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2022-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureaplasma spp. are frequently isolated from the genital tract of women of reproductive age. To date, it remains unclear whether they are commensal or pathogenic. In our study, we assessed the prevalence of Ureaplasma spp. in a group of 1,155 women of childbearing age. In addition, we assessed how often women with positive Ureaplasma spp. develop genital tract co-infections and how the vaginal pH changes. This study showed a relationship between colonization by Ureaplasma spp. and presenting symptoms. In fact, we showed that colonization of the genital tract by Ureaplasma spp. can affect the occurrence of co-infections such as Gardnerella vaginalis. We also observed a relationship between increased pH values and the presence of Ureaplasma spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rak
- Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland, K. Rak, Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland
| | - Aneta Kiecka
- Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Białecka
- Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Kawalec
- Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Krzyściak
- Department of Infections Control and Mycology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Białecka
- Centre of Microbiological Research and Autovaccines, Cracow, Poland
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Oh EJ, Jang TS, Kim JK. Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis infection in south Korea during 2018-2020. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 13:602-607. [PMID: 34900157 PMCID: PMC8629812 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i5.7423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can remain undetected and untreated; therefore, rapid diagnosis and treatment of STIs are important. Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), and Ureaplasma urealyticum are sexually transmitted pathogens that cause asymptomatic, organ-specific, and chronic infections, thereby posing a threat to community health. Therefore, we investigated the epidemiological trends of MG and MH infections in South Korea for rapid diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS From September 2018 to December 2020, samples (catheter, pus, tissue, swab, and urine) were collected from outpatients of hospitals in South Korea for molecular biological venereal disease testing. DNA was extracted and analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Of the 59,381 samples analyzed, 8.78% (n=5,215) were positive for MG and MH. The MH positivity rate (5.51%, n=3,273) was higher than the MG positivity rate (3.27%, n=1,942). MG and MH positivity rates were the highest in patients aged <19 years. Men had higher MG positivity rate, whereas women had higher MH positivity rates. Furthermore, the MG-positivity rate was the highest in the swab samples of both men and women, whereas that of MH was the highest in the urine samples of men and swab samples of women. CONCLUSION We identified the differences between MG and MH positivity rates based on sex, specimen, and age. Our findings can provide information for strategies that protect public health and reduce STI incidence and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Departmentof Medical Laser, School of Medicine, Dankook University Graduate, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Departmentof Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, South Korea
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Machado LFA, Fonseca RRDS, Queiroz MAF, Oliveira-Filho AB, Cayres-Vallinoto IMV, Vallinoto ACR, Ishak MDOG, Ishak R. The Epidemiological Impact of STIs among General and Vulnerable Populations of the Amazon Region of Brazil: 30 years of Surveillance. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050855. [PMID: 34067165 PMCID: PMC8151421 DOI: 10.3390/v13050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a worldwide public health problem and, although many of them are curable, they continue to be neglected, especially in areas with a low human development index, such as in the northern region of Brazil. This review describes the results of 30 years of studies at the Virus Laboratory at the Federal University of Pará, including the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, HTLV-1/2, HPV, HBV, Treponema pallidum and Chlamydia trachomatis among urban and non-urban populations, and also in vulnerable groups in the Brazilian Amazon. Control strategies and challenges in preventing STIs are discussed considering this immense geographic region, where essential health services are unable to reach the entire population, especially the most vulnerable, such as female sex workers, people who use illicit drugs, remnants of quilombolos and indigenous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho
- Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Populações Vulneráveis, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança 68.600-000, Brazil;
| | - Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (R.R.d.S.F.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.-V.); (A.C.R.V.); (M.d.O.G.I.); (R.I.)
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Kacerovsky M, Romero R, Pliskova L, Bolehovska R, Hornychova H, Matejkova A, Vosmikova H, Andrys C, Kolackova M, Laudański P, Pelantova V, Jacobsson B, Musilova I. Presence of Chlamydia trachomatis DNA in the amniotic fluid in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 34:1586-1597. [PMID: 31272257 PMCID: PMC7062296 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1640676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to assess the rate and load of amniotic fluid Chlamydia trachomatis DNA and their associations with intra-amniotic infection and intra-uterine inflammatory complications in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). The secondary aim was to assess the short-term morbidity of newborns from PPROM pregnancies complicated by amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA. METHODS A retrospective study of 788 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM between 24 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks of gestation was performed. Transabdominal amniocenteses were performed at the time of admission. C. trachomatis DNA in the amniotic fluid was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using a commercial AmpliSens® C. trachomatis/Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma hominis-FRT kit, and the level of Ct DNA was quantified. RESULTS Amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA complicated 2% (16/788) of the PPROM pregnancies and was present in very low loads (median 57 copies DNA/mL). In addition to amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA, other bacteria were detected in 62% (10/16) of the C. trachomatis DNA-complicated PPROM pregnancies. Amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA was associated with intra-amniotic infection, histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA), and funisitis in 31%, 47%, and 33%, respectively. The presence of C. trachomatis DNA accompanied by Ureaplasma species in the amniotic fluid was associated with a higher rate of HCA than the presence of amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA alone. The composite neonatal morbidity in newborns from PPROM pregnancies with amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA was 31%. CONCLUSION The presence of C. trachomatis DNA in the amniotic fluid is a relatively rare condition in PPROM. Amniotic fluid C. trachomatis DNA in PPROM is not related to intensive intra-amniotic and intr-auterine inflammatory responses or adverse short-term neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Kacerovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Lenka Pliskova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Bolehovska
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Hornychova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Adela Matejkova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vosmikova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Department of Clinical immunology and Allergy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Clinical immunology and Allergy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove
| | - Piotr Laudański
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vera Pelantova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Domain of Health Data and Digitalisation, Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivana Musilova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Hisada K, Hida Y, Kawabata N, Kawashima Y, Soya Y, Shimada A, Iwano M, Kimura H. Development and evaluation of a novel quenching probe PCR (GENECUBE) assay for rapidly detecting and distinguishing between Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia psittaci. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 184:106212. [PMID: 33781806 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of the family Chlamydiaceae as pathogens is essential worldwide for the rapid and sufficient management of atypical pneumonia. GENECUBE (TOYOBO) is a novel fully automated gene analyzer capable of amplifying and detecting target DNAs within 50 min. In this study, we developed a new PCR assay with a specific quenching probe (PCR-QC assay) for rapidly distinguishing between Chlamydia pneumoniae (CPN) and Chlamydia psittaci (CPS). The PCR-QC assay enabled us to precisely and simultaneously detect the 2 different types of DNA fragments even in a mixed sample by identifying unique melting temperatures. Next, we examined a total of 300 frozen samples from patients with respiratory tract infection using the PCR-QC assay and the cell culture method as the gold standard. Kappa index for agreement between the PCR-QC assay and the culture method was 0.43 (95% confidential interval (CI): 0.08-0.78). The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-QC assay were 36.3% (4/11; 95% CI: 10.9-69.2%)) and 99.0% (286/289; 95% CI: 97.0-99.8%), respectively. The samples positive for CPN (n = 13) or CPS (n = 1) by either method were also examined by a conventional PCR TaqMan assay, which produced the same results as those from the PCR-QC assay. Furthermore, the PCR-QC assay using GENECUBE shortened the full detection time for CPN or CPS (within 50 min vs. more than 2 to 3 h) compared with conventional PCR TaqMan assays. Therefore, the new PCR-QC assay system equipped with GENECUBE is useful for rapidly detecting CPN or CPS pathogens in clinical laboratory, and may improve the management of atypical pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hisada
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yukio Hida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshihiro Soya
- Diagnostic System Department, TOYOBO Co., LTD., Fukui, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimada
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hideki Kimura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan.
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Güralp O, Bostancı A, Özerkman Başaran E, Schild-Suhren M, Kaya B. Evaluation of the prevalence of sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens in Northern Cyprus by nucleic acid amplification tests, and investigation of the relationship between these pathogens and cervicitis. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 16:242-248. [PMID: 32231855 PMCID: PMC7090263 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2019.80269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of pathogens, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea and Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum in women via multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Materials and Methods: Cervical swabs of 273 women in reproductive age who underwent gynecologic examination in our outpatient clinic were evaluated using the multiplex-PCR-DNA method. The presence of cervicitis, contraceptive methods, marital status, and the number of partners were evaluated. Results: One hundred six (39%) of the 273 women had at least one bacterium, 25 women (9.8%) had two bacteria, and three women (1%) had three bacteria. U. urealyticum was the most frequently encountered bacterium (13.9%), followed by M. hominis (12.8%), U. parvum (12.4%), C. trachomatis (5.4%), M. genitalium (2.9%), N. gonorrhea (2.5%), and T. vaginalis (0.3%). Bacterial infection was detected more frequently in women aged <25 years, single, who had multiple partners, and clinically diagnosed with cervicitis. The cervicitis rate was 39% in our study. M. genitalium was significantly more frequent in women with cervicitis than in women without cervicitis (5.6 vs. 1.2%, p=0.005). C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhea, which are often associated with cervicitis, were comparable in women with and without cervicitis. Conclusion: Women with clinically diagnosed cervicitis or even with a normal-appearing cervix should be tested using multiplex-real-time PCR-nucleic-acidamplification tests on suspicion of such an infection. M. genitalium is an emerging bacterial agent for cervicitis along with C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Güralp
- Carl von Ossietzky Oldenburg University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ayşegül Bostancı
- Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lefkosa-TRNC, Turkey
| | - Esra Özerkman Başaran
- Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lefkosa-TRNC, Turkey
| | - Meike Schild-Suhren
- Carl von Ossietzky Oldenburg University Faculty of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Barış Kaya
- Near East University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
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Thapa J, Watanabe T, Isoba M, Okubo T, Abe K, Minami K, Yamaguchi H. Chlamydia trachomatis isolated from cervicovaginal samples in Sapporo, Japan, reveals the circulation of genetically diverse strains. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:53. [PMID: 31948401 PMCID: PMC6966806 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to understand the molecular epidemiology of circulating Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) strains in Sapporo, Japan. METHODS A total of 713 endocervical samples collected from April 2016 to March 2019 were screened for Ct. The obtained Ct positive samples were analyzed by ompA genotyping and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). RESULTS Eighty-three (11.6%) samples were positive for Ct plasmid DNA. Sequence analysis of the ompA gene from the 61 positive cases revealed eight genotypes: F (40.9%), E (19.6%), D (14.7%), G (9.8%), H (6.5%), I (3.2%), K (3.2%), and J (1.6%). The globally dominant genotype E and F strains were highly conserved with 13 ompA genetic variants being detected, whereas genotype D strains were the most diverse. Genetic characterization of D strains revealed that D1 genetic variants may be potentially specific to Sapporo. MLSA revealed 13 unique sequence types (STs) including four novel STs from 53 positive samples, with the globally dominant STs 39 and 19 being predominant. STs 39, 34, and 21 were exclusively associated with genotypes E and F indicating their global dominance. Novel ST70 and ST30 were specifically associated with genotype D. CONCLUSION Our study has revealed the circulation of genetically diverse Ct strains in the women population of Sapporo, Japan. We suggest identifying a transmission network of those successful strains and implementing public health prevention strategies to control the spread of Ct in Sapporo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeewan Thapa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takanori Watanabe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mana Isoba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kiyotake Abe
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-15, Kita-17 Jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0017, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Minami
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-15, Kita-17 Jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
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8
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Martinelli M, Musumeci R, Sechi I, Sotgiu G, Piana A, Perdoni F, Sina F, Fruscio R, Landoni F, Cocuzza CE. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Italian Women Referred for a Colposcopy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245000. [PMID: 31818033 PMCID: PMC6950209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major cause of morbidity in women and men worldwide. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections are among the most prevalent STIs and persistent infections with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes can cause cervical dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer. The association of other STIs with HPV cervical infection and/or dysplasia has however not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HPV and other STIs among women presenting with an abnormal cervical cytology. Cervical infections with 28 HPV genotypes and seven other sexually transmitted pathogens were evaluated in 177 women referred for a colposcopy after an abnormal Pap smear. Positivity for at least one hrHPV genotype was shown in 87% of women; HPV 16 was the most prevalent (25.0%), followed by HPV 31 and HPV 51. The overall positivity for other STIs was 49.2%, with Ureaplasma parvum being the most prevalent microrganism (39.0%). Co-infections between hrHPV and other STIs were demonstrated in 17.5% of women; no significant association was demonstrated between multiple infections and the colposcopy findings. This study provides new epidemiological data on the prevalence of cervical infections associated with HPV and seven other common sexually transmitted pathogens in a population of women presenting with an abnormal cervical cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Rosario Musumeci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Illari Sechi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (G.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (G.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (G.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Federica Perdoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Federica Sina
- ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Robert Fruscio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
- ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Fabio Landoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
- ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Clementina E. Cocuzza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.); (F.P.); (R.F.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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dos Santos LM, Vieira MRMDS, Oliveira JFG, Trindade JQ, Brasiliense DM, Ferrari SF, Tsutsumi MY, Fuzii HT, Sousa Junior EC, Ishikawa EAY, Ishak R, de Sousa MS. High prevalence of sexual Chlamydia trachomatis infection in young women from Marajó Island, in the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207853. [PMID: 30496244 PMCID: PMC6264820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Approximately 80% of infected women are asymptomatic, although this infection can lead to serious complications in the female reproductive tract. Few data on Chlamydia infection are available in rural Amazonian communities. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of sexual C. trachomatis infection in women from Marajó Archipelago communities in the Amazon region of Brazil and to identify associated factors and genotypes. METHODS We utilized amplification of the ompA gene by nested PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing. Study participants completed a questionnaire on social, epidemiological, and reproductive health variables. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the degree of association of these variables with the infection. RESULTS The sexual infection by C. trachomatis was observed in 4% (16/393) of the subjects, and was more often found in women aged ≤25 (14.3%; 95% CI = 2.83-35.47; p <0.001), and in women with a household income of less than one Brazilian monthly minimum wage (5.2%; 95% CI = 1.33-11.37; p = 0.014). The ompA gene was sequenced in 13 samples, revealing F genotypes (38.4%, n = 5), D (23%, n = 3), E (15.3%, n = 2), Ia (7.6%, N = 1), J (7.6%, n = 1) and B (7.6%, n = 1). CONCLUSIONS We recorded a high prevalence of sexual infection by C. trachomatis in young and poor women from the interior of the Brazilian Amazon. This high prevalence and the frequencies of the main genotypes were similar to those found in major Brazilian urban centers. Our results reinforce the importance of the screening of this neglected infection, and the prevention of later sequelae in young women from rural and urban areas of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Miranda dos Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Maria Renata Mendonça dos Santos Vieira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | | | - Josinaide Quaresma Trindade
- Laboratório de Citopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasi
| | | | | | - Mihoko Yamamoto Tsutsumi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
- Laboratório de Citopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasi
| | - Hellen Thais Fuzii
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | | | - Edna Aoba Yassui Ishikawa
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Ishak
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Maísa Silva de Sousa
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
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Taki K, Watanabe T, Matsuo J, Sakai K, Okubo T, Matsushita M, Abe K, Minami K, Yamaguchi H. Impact of bacterial traces belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae on the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women visiting a community hospital in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2018; 24:815-821. [PMID: 30082190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We explored the bacteria present in the vaginal microbiota facilitating the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women visiting a community hospital in Sapporo, Japan, by amplicon sequencing. A total of 273 cervical swab samples were collected, and bacterial vaginosis was evaluated in all specimens by assessment of the Nugent score. In 16 of the samples, bacterial 16S rDNA could not be detected and they were therefore omitted from subsequent experiments (n = 257). A significant negative correlation was observed between the Nugent scores and the amount of Lactobacillus 16S rDNA. Among the 257 samples, chlamydial plasmid was detected in 20 samples and was used for amplicon sequencing. No significant association between the Nugent score and the prevalence of C. trachomatis was detected. Based on the results of chlamydial plasmid detection and the Nugent score, chlamydia-negative samples (n = 27) were randomly selected. Finally, the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) obtained from amplicon sequencing was compared between chlamydia-positive (n = 20) and -negative samples (n = 27), revealing that a significant difference was only detected for the OTU numbers of Enterobacteriaceae between the C. trachomatis-positive and -negative groups. However, almost all of the samples utilized for amplicon sequencing failed to grow on MacConkey agar plates and produce indole. Taken together, we concluded that traces of bacteria, not live bacteria, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae indicated the flow of bacteria through the anogenital route along with gut indole, and the resulting impact on the prevalence of C. trachomatis in the cervicogenital tract of women in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Taki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Takanori Watanabe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Junji Matsuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Kouhei Sakai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Mizue Matsushita
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Kiyotaka Abe
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-15, Kita-17 Jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0017, Japan.
| | - Kunihiro Minami
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-15, Kita-17 Jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0017, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi-5 Kita-12 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan.
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11
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Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum in sexually active women attending public health clinics in Brazil. Epidemiol Infect 2017. [PMID: 28637523 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817001145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum have been associated with genital infections. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of ureaplasmas and other sexually transmitted infections in sexually active women from Brazil and relate these data to demographic and sexual health, and cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β. Samples of cervical swab of 302 women were examined at the Family Health Units in Vitória da Conquista. The frequency of detection by conventional PCR was 76·2% for Mollicutes. In qPCR, the frequency found was 16·6% for U. urealyticum and 60·6% U. parvum and the bacterial load of these microorganisms was not significantly associated with signs and symptoms of genital infection. The frequency found for Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis and Chlamydia trachomatis was 3·0%, 21·5%, 42·4% and 1·7%, respectively. Higher levels of IL-1β were associated with control women colonized by U. urealyticum and U. parvum. Increased levels of IL-6 were associated with women who exhibited U. parvum. Sexually active women, with more than one sexual partner in the last 3 months, living in a rural area were associated with increased odds of certain U. parvum serovar infection.
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12
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Simultaneous detection and identification of STI pathogens by multiplex Real-Time PCR in genital tract specimens in a selected area of Apulia, a region of Southern Italy. Infection 2017; 45:469-477. [PMID: 28260146 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-017-1002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genital tract infections are globally a major cause of morbidity in sexually active individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associations of co-infections of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Ureaplasma parvum (UP) in specimens collected from female (SF) and male (SM) patients. METHODS 1575 samples from 1575 individuals from the geographical area around Bari, Apulia region in Southern Italy, were collected and analyzed by a multiplex Real-Time PCR (mRT-PCR) (AnyplexTM II STI-7, Seegene, Inc., Seoul, Korea) assay. RESULTS 455/1575 (28.89%) samples resulted positive for at least one of the targets named above. Statistically significant differences in prevalence of the pathogens between SF and SM were not detected except for UP (24.92% in SF vs 8.91% in SM). Prevalence of co-infections was 6.84 and 3.96% in SF and SM, respectively. Moreover, MH presence in SF, but not in SM, was associated with UU and UP. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest different patterns of infections between females and male and the importance of an increased vigilance of sexually transmitted pathogens to reduce the burden on general population and the sequelae or the complications on reproductive organs.
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13
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Yamazaki T, Matsuo J, Takahashi S, Kumagai S, Shimoda T, Abe K, Minami K, Yamaguchi H. A characteristic of polymorphic membrane protein F of Chlamydia trachomatis isolated from male urogenital tracts in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2015; 21:842-8. [PMID: 26429774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although sexually transmitted disease due to Chlamydia trachomatis occurs similarly in both men and women, the female urogenital tract differs from that of males anatomically and physiologically, possibly leading to specific polymorphisms of the bacterial surface molecules. In the present study, we therefore characterized polymorphic features in a high-definition phylogenetic marker, polymorphic outer membrane protein (Pmp) F of C. trachomatis strains isolated from male urogenital tracts in Japan (Category: Japan-males, n = 12), when compared with those isolated from female cervical ducts in Japan (Category: Japan-females, n = 11), female cervical ducts in the other country (Category: Ref-females, n = 12) or homosexual male rectums in the other country (Category: Ref-males, n = 7), by general bioinformatics analysis tool with MAFFT software. As a result, phylogenetic reconstruction of the PmpF amino acid sequences showing three distinct clusters revealed that the Japan-males were limited into cluster 1 and 2, although there were only four clusters even though including an outgroup. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic distance values of PmpF passenger domain without hinge region, but not its full-length sequence, showed that the Japan-males were more stable and displayed less diversity when compared with the other categories, supported by the sequence conservation features. Thus, PmpF passenger domain is a useful phylogenetic maker, and the phylogenic features indicate that C. trachomatis strains isolated from male urogenital tracts in Japan may be unique, suggesting an adaptation depending on selective pressure, such as the presence or absence of microbial flora, furthermore possibly connecting to sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Matsuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shouta Kumagai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shimoda
- Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Abe
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Minami
- Toho Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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14
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Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum detected with the same frequency among women with and without symptoms of urogenital tract infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1237-45. [PMID: 25717022 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is mounting evidence stating that Ureaplasma urealyticum causes non-gonococcal urethritis in males, whereas Ureaplasma parvum does not seem to be of clinical significance. However, the clinical role of U. parvum and U. urealyticum in lower urogenital tract infections in females remains unclear. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of U. parvum and U. urealyticum among 145 Ureaplasma spp. culture-positive women with symptoms of lower urogenital tract infection (n = 75) and those without (n = 70), and to determine possible associations between the detection of U. parvum and U. urealyticum with selected characteristics. Endocervical, urethral, and vaginal swabs, and first voided urine were obtained. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to differentiate ureaplasmas. No significant association between the detection of U. parvum or U. urealyticum and symptom status was found. Significantly more women aged 25 years and younger were infected with U. urealyticum (23.4 %) compared to those aged above 25 years (9.2 %) [odds ratio (OR) 3.0 (1.1; 8.1); p = 0.03] and significantly less women aged 25 years and younger (83.5 %) were infected with U. parvum compared to those aged above 25 years (95.5 %) [OR 0.2 (0.1; 0.9); p = 0.03]. The detection of Chlamydia trachomatis was significantly associated to both U. parvum and U. urealyticum (p = 0.021), and to U. parvum alone with borderline significance (p = 0.063). Although neither U. parvum nor U. urealyticum seem to cause symptoms in females, their role in the female urogenital tract remains unknown, taking into account their ubiquity, possible augmentation of the urogenital microenvironment, and ascending capability to the sterile upper reproductive tract.
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15
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Peuchant O, Le Roy C, Desveaux C, Paris A, Asselineau J, Maldonado C, Chêne G, Horovitz J, Dallay D, de Barbeyrac B, Bébéar C. Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium should it be integrated into routine pregnancy care in French young pregnant women? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 82:14-9. [PMID: 25753079 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium screening during pregnancy is not performed routinely in France. We conducted the first prospective study in 1004 women attending for routine antenatal care to determine the prevalence and risk factors for these bacterial infections. The overall prevalence of C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and M. genitalium infections was 2.5%, 0%, and 0.8%, respectively. In patients aged 18-24 years, the prevalence increased to 7.9% for C. trachomatis and to 2.4% for M. genitalium. C. trachomatis infection was associated with age ≤24 years or being single or having more than 5 sexual partners in a lifetime. M. genitalium infection was more frequent in patients aged ≤24 years or who had a history of abortion or their first sexual intercourse after 20 years of age. The high prevalence of C. trachomatis in pregnant women aged ≤24 years, mostly asymptomatic, suggests that systematic screening could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Peuchant
- Univ. Bordeaux, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; INRA, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - C Le Roy
- Univ. Bordeaux, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; INRA, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Desveaux
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - A Paris
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - J Asselineau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique et Epidémiologique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Maldonado
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique et Epidémiologique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - G Chêne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche Clinique et Epidémiologique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - J Horovitz
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - D Dallay
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - B de Barbeyrac
- Univ. Bordeaux, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; INRA, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Bébéar
- Univ. Bordeaux, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; INRA, USC EA 3671 Mycoplasmal and Chlamydial Infections in Humans, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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16
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Assessment of coinfection of sexually transmitted pathogen microbes by use of the anyplex II STI-7 molecular kit. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 53:991-3. [PMID: 25540390 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.03370-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anyplex STI-7 is a new molecular kit that detects seven sexually transmitted pathogens. Among 202 subjects screened for genital infection, 143 (70.4%) were diagnosed with at least one pathogen, in concordance with reference methods. In addition, the Anyplex STI-7 demonstrated coinfections, such as that with Ureaplasma parvum and Chlamydia trachomatis, in young women.
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17
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Satoh M, Ogawa M, Saijo M, Ando S. Multilocus VNTR analysis-ompA typing of venereal isolates of Chlamydia trachomatis in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:656-9. [PMID: 25066435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis isolated in Japan using a high-resolution genotyping method, the multilocus VNTR analysis (MLVA)-ompA typing method. Seventeen serotypes of C. trachomatis standard strain (A-L3) and 44 clinical isolates were obtained from clinical settings. Genotyping of the ompA gene allowed clinical isolates to be divided into nine serotypes: B (6.8%), D (15.9%), E (25%), F (20.5%), G (18.1%), H (6.8%), Ia (2.3%), J (2.3%), and K (2.3%). These isolates were further divided into 28 types after combining ompA genotyping data with MLVA data (Hunter-Gaston discriminatory index D, 0.949). Thus, our results demonstrated that MLVA could identify clinical isolates that could not be distinguished by ompA typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Satoh
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Motohiko Ogawa
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Shuji Ando
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.
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18
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Frølund M, Björnelius E, Lidbrink P, Ahrens P, Jensen JS. Comparison between culture and a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay detecting Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102743. [PMID: 25047036 PMCID: PMC4105565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for simultaneous detection of U. urealyticum and U. parvum was developed and compared with quantitative culture in Shepard's 10 C medium for ureaplasmas in urethral swabs from 129 men and 66 women, and cervical swabs from 61 women. Using culture as the gold standard, the sensitivity of the qPCR was 96% and 95% for female urethral and cervical swabs, respectively. In male urethral swabs the sensitivity was 89%. The corresponding specificities were 100%, 87% and 99%. The qPCR showed a linear increasing DNA copy number with increasing colour-changing units. Although slightly less sensitive than culture, this multiplex qPCR assay detecting U. urealyticum and U. parvum constitutes a simple and fast alternative to the traditional methods for identification of ureaplasmas and allows simultaneous species differentiation and quantitation in clinical samples. Furthermore, specimens overgrown by other bacteria using the culture method can be evaluated in the qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Frølund
- Department of Microbiology and Infection control, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Research and Development, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Björnelius
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Lidbrink
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Ahrens
- Department of Microbiology and Infection control, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Research and Development, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Skov Jensen
- Department of Microbiology and Infection control, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Research and Development, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Effect of Ureaplasma parvum co-incubation on Chlamydia trachomatis maturation in human epithelial HeLa cells treated with interferon-γ. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:460-4. [PMID: 24855914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes a sexually transmitted disease. Ureaplasma parvum is commensal in the human genital tract, with a minimal contribution to urogenital infection. We have recently found that U. parvum has a significant effect on the presence of C. trachomatis in the genital tract of healthy women. We therefore assessed the effect of U. parvum co-incubation on C. trachomatis maturation from reticulate bodies (RBs) to elementary bodies (EBs) in HeLa cells in the absence or presence of interferon (IFN)-γ, which is a critical host defense factor. IFN-γ stimulation of viable U. parvum significantly prompted chlamydial growth with an increase in infectious particles, EBs, in HeLa cells. IFN-γ treatment of killed U. parvum had a similar effect on C. trachomatis maturation in HeLa cells. There was no change in expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in cultures of viable or killed U. parvum. We concluded that U. parvum co-incubation by IFN-γ helped C. trachomatis to mature from RBs to EBs in HeLa cells, independent of IDO expression. This suggests a novel survival strategy of C. trachomatis against IFN-γ exposure, prompting secondary infection of the genital mucosa, with possible clinical implications.
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Jalal H, Delaney A, Bentley N, Sonnex C, Carne CA. Molecular epidemiology of selected sexually transmitted infections. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2013; 4:167-174. [PMID: 24046809 PMCID: PMC3773568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) are established pathogens for human genital tract. However, the role of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Ureaplasma parvum (UP) in genital pathology is poorly unerstood. A prospective study to investigate the prevalence of above infections was performed on a cohort of 1,718 consecutive patients attending a Genitourinary Medicine (GUM) clinic. A previously published in-house real-time PCR assay, for the detection of CT DNA in genital swabs, was modified for this study. Two amplification reactions detected the DNAs of TV, NG, MG, CT, UU and UP in genital swabs from 4 (0.2%), 11 (0.6%), 17 (1%), 129 (8%), 282 (16%) and 636 (37%) patients, respectively. 594 (70%) of 848 women and 333 (38%) of 870 men were infected with at least one type of microorganism. Among 594 infected females, 485 (82%) had a single infection, 97 (16%) had a double infection, and 12 (2%) had a triple infection. Of the 333 infected men, 304 (91%) had a single infection, 27 (8%) had a double infection, and 2 (1%) had a triple infection. The prevalence of infection in both genders decreased with increasing age. The prevalence proportion of UP was significantly higher in women (54%) compared with men (18%). The high prevalence of UU and UP suggests that these bacteria are commensals of genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Jalal
- Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Delaney
- Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Neil Bentley
- Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher Sonnex
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Clinic 1A, Box 38, Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher A Carne
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Clinic 1A, Box 38, Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills Road, Cambridge, UK
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Rakhmatullina MR, Kirichenko SV. Current concepts of genetic variability of genital mycoplasmas and their role in the development of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2013. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors disclose current concepts of the taxonomic and morphologic characteristics of genital mycoplasmas and their role in the development of inflammatory urogenital diseases and reproductive disorders. They also discuss such issues as genetic variability of genital mycoplasmas and possible interrelation with different variants of the clinical course of inflammatory processes in the urogenital tract.
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