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Lepore T, Macrae AI, Cantón GJ, Cantile C, Martineau HM, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Cahalan S, Underwood C, Katzer F, Chianini F. Evaluation of species-specific polyclonal antibodies to detect and differentiate between Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024; 36:418-427. [PMID: 38420701 PMCID: PMC11110786 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241234322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neosporosis and toxoplasmosis are major causes of abortion in livestock worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses. Detection tools are fundamental to the diagnosis and management of those diseases. Current immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests, using sera raised against whole parasite lysates, have not been able to distinguish between Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum. We used T. gondii and N. caninum recombinant proteins, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using insoluble conditions, to produce specific polyclonal rabbit antisera. We aimed to develop species-specific sera that could be used in IHC on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections to improve the diagnosis of ruminant abortions caused by protozoa. Two polyclonal rabbit sera, raised against recombinant proteins, anti-Neospora-rNcSRS2 and anti-Toxoplasma-rTgSRS2, had specificity for the parasite they were raised against. We tested the specificity for each polyclonal serum using FFPE tissue sections known to be infected with T. gondii and N. caninum. The anti-Neospora-rNcSRS2 serum labeled specifically only N. caninum-infected tissue blocks, and the anti-Toxoplasma-rTgSRS2 serum was specific to only T. gondii-infected tissues. Moreover, tissues from 52 cattle and 19 sheep previously diagnosed by lesion profiles were tested using IHC with our polyclonal sera and PCR. The overall agreement between IHC and PCR was 90.1% for both polyclonal anti-rNcSRS2 and anti-rTgSRS2 sera. The polyclonal antisera were specific and allowed visual confirmation of protozoan parasites by IHC, but they were not as sensitive as PCR testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alastair I. Macrae
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Scotland, UK
| | - Germán J. Cantón
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Balcarce, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Stephen Cahalan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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2
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Udonsom R, Adisakwattana P, Popruk S, Reamtong O, Jirapattharasate C, Thiangtrongjit T, Rerkyusuke S, Chanlun A, Hasan T, Kotepui M, Siri S, Nishikawa Y, Mahittikorn A. Evaluation of Immunodiagnostic Performances of Neospora caninum Peroxiredoxin 2 (NcPrx2), Microneme 4 (NcMIC4), and Surface Antigen 1 (NcSAG1) Recombinant Proteins for Bovine Neosporosis. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:531. [PMID: 38396498 PMCID: PMC10885977 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine neosporosis is among the main causes of abortion in cattle worldwide, causing serious economic losses in the beef and dairy industries. A highly sensitive and specific diagnostic method for the assessment of the epidemiology of the disease, as well as it surveillance and management, is imperative, due to the absence of an effective treatment or vaccine against neosporosis. In the present study, the immunodiagnostic performance of Neospora caninum peroxiredoxin 2 (NcPrx2), microneme 4 (NcMIC4), and surface antigen 1 (NcSAG1) to detect IgG antibodies against N. caninum in cattle were evaluated and compared with that of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The results revealed that NcSAG1 had the highest sensitivity and specificity, with values of 88.4% and 80.7%, respectively, followed by NcPrx2, with a high sensitivity of 87.0% but a low specificity of 67.0%, whereas NcMIC4 showed sensitivity and specificity of 84.1% and 78.9%, respectively, when compared with IFAT. A high degree of agreement was observed for NcSAG1 (k = 0.713) recombinant protein, showing the highest diagnostic capability, followed by NcMIC4 (k = 0.64) and NcPrx2 (k = 0.558). The present study demonstrates that NcSAG1 is helpful as an antigen marker and also demonstrates the potential immunodiagnostic capabilities of NcPrx2 and NcMIC4, which could serve as alternative diagnostic markers for detecting N. caninum infection in cattle. These markers may find utility in future treatment management, surveillance, and risk assessment of neosporosis in livestock or other animal host species. Further research should be directed toward understanding the in vivo immune response differences resulting from immunization with both recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruenruetai Udonsom
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (R.U.); (S.P.)
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Supaluk Popruk
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (R.U.); (S.P.)
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (O.R.); (T.T.)
| | - Charoonluk Jirapattharasate
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Tipparat Thiangtrongjit
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (O.R.); (T.T.)
| | - Sarinya Rerkyusuke
- Division of Livestock Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Aran Chanlun
- Division of Livestock Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Tanjila Hasan
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh;
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Sukhontha Siri
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Yoshifumi Nishikawa
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (R.U.); (S.P.)
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3
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Rojas-Pirela M, Medina L, Rojas MV, Liempi AI, Castillo C, Pérez-Pérez E, Guerrero-Muñoz J, Araneda S, Kemmerling U. Congenital Transmission of Apicomplexan Parasites: A Review. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751648. [PMID: 34659187 PMCID: PMC8519608 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexans are a group of pathogenic protists that cause various diseases in humans and animals that cause economic losses worldwide. These unicellular eukaryotes are characterized by having a complex life cycle and the ability to evade the immune system of their host organism. Infections caused by some of these parasites affect millions of pregnant women worldwide, leading to various adverse maternal and fetal/placental effects. Unfortunately, the exact pathogenesis of congenital apicomplexan diseases is far from being understood, including the mechanisms of how they cross the placental barrier. In this review, we highlight important aspects of the diseases caused by species of Plasmodium, Babesia, Toxoplasma, and Neospora, their infection during pregnancy, emphasizing the possible role played by the placenta in the host-pathogen interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Lisvaneth Medina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Verónica Rojas
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana Isabel Liempi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Núcleo de Investigación Aplicada en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jesús Guerrero-Muñoz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Araneda
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulrike Kemmerling
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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4
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Wang X, Song X, Yang J, Liu Q, Liu J. Characterization of Neospora Caninum Microneme Protein 26 and Its Potential Use as a Diagnostic Marker for Neosporosis in Cattle. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:357. [PMID: 32766287 PMCID: PMC7380076 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum causes neosporosis, an illness that leads to abortion or stillbirth in cattle, causing massive economic losses to the livestock industry. Rapid and viable diagnosis is the premise of prevention and control for neosporosis. In this study, we screened a new microneme protein 26 (NcMIC26) through western blot and mass spectrometry identification from the excretory secretion antigen (ESA) of N. caninum tachyzoites. NcMIC26 is subcellularly localized to the microneme of parasites. NcMIC26 is a specific antigen of N. caninum and has no cross-reaction with Toxoplasma gondii. Therefore, NcMIC26 has the potential to be a candidate diagnostic antigen for neosporosis. To test this hypothesis, recombinant NcMIC26 (rNcMIC26) was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli), and an indirect ELISA for detecting anti-N. caninum antibodies in cattle was established. Compared with that of the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), the positive coincidence rate of the ELISA based on rNcMIC26 was 76.53% (75/98), which was higher than that of an ELISA based on rSRS2 (66.33%), and the negative coincidence rate was 84.62% (33/39). It is noteworthy that 30 positive samples confirmed by IFAT were consistent with the rNcMIC26 ELISA but were negative by the rNcSRS2 ELISA. Our research illustrated that NcMIC26 is a dependable diagnostic marker for the serodiagnosis of N. caninum infection in cattle and could be utilized as a supplementary antigen for missed detection by NcSRS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmei Wang
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingju Song
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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5
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Fereig RM, Nishikawa Y. Urological detection of specific antibodies against Neospora caninum infection in mice: A prospect for novel diagnostic approach of Neospora. Exp Parasitol 2020; 216:107942. [PMID: 32598889 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular protozoan parasite Neospora caninum is incriminated to induce drastic economic losses in both livestock and pet animal industries. Neosporosis is primarily characterized by abortion in cattle and paralytic symptoms in dogs. Because there are no effective treatments or vaccines, diagnosis is critical for Neospora control. Thus, diversification of laboratory tests and specimens used for diagnosis of N. caninum is an essential scientific endeavor to judge and select the most appropriate diagnostic tool. Herein, we provide the first evidence for the utility of urine samples for demonstration of specific antibodies against N. caninum employing an experimentally infected murine model. Specific antibodies to recombinant N. caninum dense granule 7, surface antigen 1, and lysate antigen were assayed using different antibodies-based ELISAs. Urine based IgG ELISA efficiently discriminated between infected mice (acute or chronic infection), and those of non-infected mice. This effect was also noticed for IgG1 and IgG2a suggesting the utility of urine for assessment of T-helper 2- and T-helper 1-mediated immunities, respectively. In addition, reactivity of specific antibody in urine was also confirmed against parasites when indirect fluorescent antibody test was employed. Usefulness of urine as an additional clinical sample for Neospora diagnosis was confirmed via comparison with the relevant control non-infected and infected mouse sera as reference samples. Because of minimum invasiveness and ease of urine collection, this approach might offer new diagnostic opportunities for N. caninum either for the field or research purposes. However, further studies are required to extrapolate this preliminary study and results in the animal species of interest particularly in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragab M Fereig
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Yoshifumi Nishikawa
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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6
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Alves Sinnott F, da Silva Leal K, de Oliveira Silva MT, Barros de Pinho R, Pappen F, da Rosa Farias NA, Bedoya Llano HA, Pereira Garcia Melo D, Borsuk S. An indirect ELISA for Neosporosis: Associating recombinant Neospora caninum proteins NcSRS2 and NcSAG1. Vet Parasitol 2020; 281:109101. [PMID: 32302944 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neosporosis is caused by infection with the protozoa Neospora caninum. It manifests as various neurological symptoms and is considered as one of the main causes of abortion in cattle, and induces uncommon congenital infection in sheep. The standard diagnosis is based on indirect immunofluorescence (IFI); however, cross-reactivity with other protozoa proteins is common. Aiming a more specific diagnosis, recombinant antigens have been tested in several immunoassays; of these, NcSAG1 (surface antigen-1) and NcSRS2 (SAG1-related sequence 2) were the most promising. In this context, we developed an indirect ELISA with recombinant NcSRS2 (ELISA-rNcSRS2) and NcSAG1 (ELISA-rNcSAG1) proteins alone and in association (ELISA-rNcSRS2/rNcSAG1) for the diagnosis of cattle and ovine neosporosis. A total of 216 samples from cattle and 154 samples from sheep were used to evaluate the ELISAs. The sensitivity and specificity results of the ELISA-rNcSRS2 were 91.5 % and 96.4 % for cattle, and 89.6 % and 96.3 % for sheep, respectively. For the ELISA-rNcSAG1, the sensitivity and specificity were 84.9 % and 97.3 % for cattle, and 89.6 % and 92.6 % for sheep, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA-rNcSRS2/rNcSAG1 was 98.1 % and 99.1 % for cattle, 100 % and 97.2 % for sheep, respectively. These results indicated that indirect ELISA using the rNcSRS2 and rNcSAG1 proteins are a highly sensitive and specific method, especially when used in association, for detecting antibodies in cattle and ovine populations infected with N. caninum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Alves Sinnott
- Laboratory of Infectious-Parasitic Biotechnology, Nucleus of Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Karen da Silva Leal
- Laboratory of Infectious-Parasitic Biotechnology, Nucleus of Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Mara Thais de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Infectious-Parasitic Biotechnology, Nucleus of Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Barros de Pinho
- Laboratory of Infectious-Parasitic Biotechnology, Nucleus of Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Felipe Pappen
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Preventive Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Horwald Alexander Bedoya Llano
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Sibele Borsuk
- Laboratory of Infectious-Parasitic Biotechnology, Nucleus of Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
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7
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Sinnott FA, Monte LG, Collares TF, Silveira RM, Borsuk S. Review on the immunological and molecular diagnosis of neosporosis (years 2011–2016). Vet Parasitol 2017; 239:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Sinnott FA, Monte LG, Collares TF, De Matos BM, Pacheco DB, Borsuk S, Andreotti R, Hartleben CP. Blocking ELISA using recombinant NcSRS2 protein for diagnosing bovine neosporosis. Curr Microbiol 2014; 70:429-32. [PMID: 25432863 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is the etiologic agent of neosporosis, which leads to economic impacts on cattle industry. The reference method for serodiagnosis of neosporosis is the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). However, IFAT is laborious, expensive, and is not practicable in high throughput screening. In order to facilitate the serological diagnosis of neosporosis, we developed a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (b-ELISA) based on NcSRS2 recombinant protein (rNcSRS2) and polyclonal antibodies against rNcSRS2 (b-ELISA/rNcSRS2). Compared to IFAT, b-ELISA/rNcSRS2 showed 93.7 % accuracy (98.7 % sensitivity and 88.7 % specificity), suggesting its potential as diagnostic assay to detect N. caninum antibodies in cattle sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine A Sinnott
- Laboratório de Imunodiagnóstico, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, P.O. Box 354, Brazil
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9
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Deo VK, Yoshimatsu K, Otsuki T, Dong J, Kato T, Park EY. Display of Neospora caninum surface protein related sequence 2 on Rous sarcoma virus-derived gag protein virus-like particles. J Biotechnol 2013; 165:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Characterization of the ovine complement 4 binding protein-beta (C4BPB) chain as a serum biomarker for enhanced diagnosis of sheep scab. Mol Cell Probes 2013; 27:158-63. [PMID: 23542335 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sheep scab, caused by the highly contagious mite Psoroptes ovis, is endemic in a number of sheep-producing countries worldwide, and is a major animal welfare and economic concern. Recent developments in the diagnosis of sheep scab include a highly sensitive and specific serum antibody-based assay which can be used to indicate exposure to the parasite but not necessarily current disease status. Here, a transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis of the circulating leukocytes of sheep with active P. ovis infestation indicated that the transcription levels of complement 4 binding protein beta (C4BPB) increased by 12 fold from pre-infestation to 6 weeks post-infestation. Semi-quantitative studies confirmed increased serum C4BPB protein levels in sheep infested with P. ovis. To quantify this serum protein response and characterize ovine C4BPB as a biomarker for active P. ovis infestation, the ovine C4BPB gene was sequenced, a recombinant protein expressed, antibodies against this protein were raised in rabbits and a sandwich ELISA developed. The results from this assay indicated that serum C4BPB protein levels increased 4-fold from pre-infestation to 6 weeks post-infestation, which demonstrated the potential of the assay to quantify C4BPB in sheep sera and indicated the potential of C4BPB as a biomarker of current disease status in sheep post-infestation and post-treatment.
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11
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Dong J, Otsuki T, Kato T, Kohsaka T, Ike K, Park EY. Development of two murine antibodies against Neospora caninum using phage display technology and application on the detection of N. caninum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53264. [PMID: 23308179 PMCID: PMC3540087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neosporosis, caused by an intracellular parasite, Neospora caninum, is an infectious disease primarily of cattle and dogs. It occurs worldwide and causes huge damages to dairy farms. In this study, we immunized mice with recombinant surface-associated protein 1 of N. caninum (rNcSAG1) and developed two novel monoclonal antibodies, A10 and H3, against NcSAG1 using phage-display technology. Both clones bound to purified rNcSAG1 and the half maximal inhibitory concentrations of A10 and H3 are 50 and 72 nM of rNcSAG1, respectively. In immunofluorescence assays, both A10 and H3 Fabs bound to N. caninum parasites. Direct detection of N. caninum parasites was developed firstly using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with A10 and H3. Binding of A10 and H3 antibodies to rNcSAG1 was also inhibited by some certain anti-N. caninum antibodies in the neosporosis-positive cattle sera, suggesting they might bind to the same epitopes of NcSAG1 with those anti-N. caninum antibodies of bovine. These antibodies were demonstrated to have a potential for monitoring the N. caninum parasites in a dairy farm, which may lead to protect livestock from parasite-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Dong
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Otsuki
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kohsaka
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction & Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ike
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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