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Tran LM, Nguyen PH, Hoang NT, Truong DTT, Tran THT, Bui DN, Hoa HTH, Hua DT, Bergeron G. Dietary intake and occupational status among female youths of Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1527:75-83. [PMID: 37501649 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a sensitive transition time that affects rights, roles, and responsibilities in food choice, yet limited evidence exists on dietary intakes during this critical period. This study assessed the food consumption pattern and the adequacy of energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes among female youth belonging to three occupational groups in Vietnam. Dietary intakes were measured for 1001 participants aged 16-22 years using INDDEX24's 24-h recall method. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine differences in diet outcomes among the three occupational groups. Dietary diversity was similar across groups but workers, compared to high school and college students, consumed less baked/grain-based sweets and fast foods, and more soft drinks, other sweets, and processed meat. Two-thirds of the sample showed energy intake lower than the estimated energy requirement, while a substantial percentage had insufficient or excessive intake of carbohydrate and fat. The mean probability of adequacy of nutrient intakes was low (0.33) and not different across all three occupational groups except for folate, which favored workers. Our study provides novel evidence supporting the development and implementation of interventions to achieve national targets, with emphasis on female youths who undergo special transitions in education, occupation, and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Mai Tran
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Phuong Hong Nguyen
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Diep Ngoc Bui
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Hanh Thi Hong Hoa
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Diem Thi Hua
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
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Gie SM, Nguyen PH, Bergeron G, Tran LM, Hoang NT, Knight F. Locally relevant food-based recommendations could increase iron and calcium intake for adolescent girls in Vietnam. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1527:97-106. [PMID: 37414089 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy eating habits are common among adolescents in Vietnam, where transitioning food environments increasingly offer energy-dense micronutrient-poor foods. Successful behavior change approaches must be feasible and acceptable, promoting local foods that are available, accessible, and preferred. Yet, few studies have investigated the potential of food-based approaches for adolescents. We used linear programming to identify problem nutrients, local nutrient sources, and realistic food-based recommendations (FBRs) to improve nutrient intake among girls 16-22 years in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. We then identified a reduced set of FBRs to prioritize the most critical micronutrient gaps. Calcium and iron targets could not be met in any realistic diet modeling scenario. The best set of FBRs included seven recommendations which could meet intake targets for 9 of 11 modeled micronutrients. The best reduced set of three FBRs targeting iron and calcium only-although more feasible for behavior change-was less effective at improving intake of these nutrients since fewer foods were recommended. Given the difficulty of meeting calcium and iron targets using local foods within acceptable dietary patterns, additional interventions, such as supplementation, staple food fortification, or increasing the availability of affordable calcium- and iron-rich foods, may be necessary to promote dietary adequacy for adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phuong Hong Nguyen
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Frances Knight
- Nutrition Division, United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, Italy
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Genova C, Umberger W, Peralta A, Newman S, Zeng D. The Indirect Impact of Smallholder Vegetable Production on Children's Nutrition Outcomes in Rural Vietnam. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.900625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood undernutrition, particularly stunting, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies, remains a major health concern in rural Vietnam. While literature suggests leveraging agriculture to improve child nutrition via agricultural diversification, market engagement, and women's empowerment, very few studies have empirically explored how smallholder vegetable production can influence household nutrition. This paper examines the association of household-level vegetable diversity, market access, and market participation with nutrition outcome measures of children in smallholder households. We use a cross-sectional household dataset, collected in 2016 in northwest Vietnam, covering 234 children aged 6–60 months. We estimate and compare the results of regression models using three-stage least squares (3SLS), ordinary least squares (OLS), logistic regression, and seemingly unrelated regression (SUR), to explore variations in six nutrition outcome measures: height-for-age z-score (HAZ), weight-for-height z-score (WHZ), weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), stunting, wasting, and underweight. Our results suggest smallholder vegetable production has a significant indirect association with children's nutrition status via market participation. Market participation is an important factor in improving girls' HAZ and WHZ, and in reducing the probability of boys being stunted and underweight. The additional income from selling vegetables allows households to purchase nutritious food, which is likely to have a positive impact on children's nutrition outcomes.
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Perceived neighbourhood food access is associated with consumption of animal-flesh food, fruits and vegetables among mothers and young children in peri-urban Cambodia. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:717-728. [PMID: 34593072 PMCID: PMC9991642 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether mothers' perceived neighbourhood food access is associated with their own and their young children's consumption of animal-flesh food, fruits and vegetables in peri-urban areas of Cambodia. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey measured food consumption frequency and perceived neighbourhood food access, the latter including six dimensions of food availability, affordability, convenience, quality, safety and desirability. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between perceived food access and food consumption. SETTING Peri-urban districts of Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, Cambodia. PARTICIPANTS 198 mothers of children between 6 and 24 months old. RESULTS Over 25 % of the mothers and 40 % of the children had low consumption (< once a day) of either animal-flesh food or fruits and vegetables. Compared with perceived high food access, perceived low food access was associated with an adjusted 5·6-fold and 4·3-fold greater odds of low animal-flesh food consumption among mothers (95 % CI 2·54, 12·46) and children (95 % CI 2·20, 8·60), respectively. Similarly, relative to perceived high food access, perceived low food access was associated with 7·6-times and 5·1-times higher adjusted odds of low fruits and vegetables consumption among mothers (95 % CI 3·22, 18·02) and children (95 % CI 2·69, 9·83), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Mothers' perceived neighbourhood food access was an important predictor of their own and their young children's nutrient-rich food consumption in peri-urban Cambodia. Future work is needed to confirm our findings in other urban settings and examine the role of neighbourhood food environment in the consumption of both nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor food.
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Urgell-Lahuerta C, Carrillo-Álvarez E, Salinas-Roca B. Interventions on Food Security and Water Uses for Improving Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women and Children Younger Than Five Years in Low-Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094799. [PMID: 34063195 PMCID: PMC8125397 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition is a global health issue concerning children and pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the health-impact outcomes of interventions addressing food security, water quality and hygiene in order to address the improvement of the nutritional status in children below five years and pregnant women in LMICs. Using PRISMA procedures, a systematic review was conducted by searching in biomedical databases clinical trials and interventions for children and pregnant women. Full articles were screened (nf = 252) and critically appraised. The review included 27 randomized and non-randomized trials and interventions. Based on the analysis, three agents concerning nutritional status were identified. First, exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding were fundamental elements in preventing malnutrition. Second, provision of sanitation facilities and the promotion of hygienic practices were also essential to prevent infections spread and the consequent deterioration of nutritional status. Finally, seasonality was also seen to be a relevant factor to consider while planning and implementing interventions in the populations under study. In spite of the efforts conducted over last decades, the improvement in food insecurity rates has remained insufficient. Therefore, the development of global health programs is fundamental to guide future actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Urgell-Lahuerta
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Elena Carrillo-Álvarez
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Blanca Salinas-Roca
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-973-70-2469
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Food Neophobia and Consumer Choices within Vietnamese Menu in a Polish Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062925. [PMID: 33809355 PMCID: PMC7998554 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the factors influencing consumer food choices is food neophobia (FN), described as a reluctance to try novel or unknown food products. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of FN on food choices in young Polish respondents through a web-based choice experiment with Vietnamese restaurant menu. The choice experiment was conducted using a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method in a sample of 601 young adults, while using a developed Vietnamese restaurant menu. For the dishes, neophobic potential for a Polish population was defined, based on content of ingredients not typical for Polish diet. The FN was assessed using the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) by Pliner and Hobden. The neophobic potential was the determinant of choice of dishes (p < 0.05). The participants characterized by a high FN level less commonly than others chosen dishes characterized by neophobic potential as: starter (Nem quõn—non-fried spring rolls with shrimps) (p = 0.0003), soup (Mién gà—soup with cellophane noodles and nam huong mushrooms) (p < 0.0001), main course (Phở xào bò—rice noodles with soy sauce and fish sauce) (p < 0.0001) and dessert (Chè thập cãm—dessert of golden gram, black eye beans, Azuki beans and tapioca) than other options (p = 0.0007). It was stated that FN in young respondents may reduce the frequency of choosing dishes containing unfamiliar ingredients and, as a result, it may cause lower diversity of consumed dishes. Taking into account that not properly balanced diets resulting from rejecting some types of products are becoming a growing problem, the FN should be taken into account in the general public health policy.
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Loukrakpam B, Rajendran A, Madhari RS, Boiroju NK, Longvah T. Dietary adequacy and nutritional status of Meitei community of Manipur, Northeast India. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16 Suppl 3:e13046. [PMID: 33347718 PMCID: PMC7752124 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Meitei is the main ethnic community that belongs to the north-eastern state of Manipur in India. This community is bestowed with rich biodiverse resources with indigenous foods still form an integral part of their diet. However, limited data on the food and nutrient consumption as well as nutritional status of this community are available. This study was carried out on the children, adolescents and women of reproductive age (WRA) of this community from 12 villages, to determine their food consumption pattern and nutritional status. Basic anthropometry and 24-h dietary intake assessment was conducted. The prevalence of underweight was 27%, stunting was 45% and wasting was 12% in children below 5 years. Stunting was observed among 34% of children 5-17 years of age. About 7% of WRA were undernourished, while 28% were overweight or obese. About 55% of 1-7 year-old children had mean probability adequacy of 12 micronutrients <0.5, and the adequacy of individual micronutrients namely vitamin A, E and calcium were low. Dietary determinants such as low dietary diversity score, dietary species richness and the lowest tertiles of different food groups' intake (except for sugars, fish and sea foods and spices and condiments) predicted micronutrient inadequacy. In addition to a high prevalence of undernutrition in children and adolescents and overnutrition in WRA, the effect of various dietary determinants on micronutrient adequacy in the study group of the Meitei community are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ananthan Rajendran
- Food Chemistry DivisionICMR‐National Institute of NutritionSecunderabadIndia
| | - Radhika S. Madhari
- Division of Maternal and Child HealthICMR‐National Institute of NutritionSecunderabadIndia
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Vu HTT, Pham HM, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen QN, Do LD, Pham NM, Norman R, Huxley RR, Lee CMY, Reid CM. Novel insights into clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in Vietnam. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2020; 31:100626. [PMID: 32944609 PMCID: PMC7481132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Data on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Vietnam is scarce. This study reported patient characteristics and in-hospital outcomes following PCI. These novel results contribute to benchmarking PCI practices in Vietnam.
Background Little is known about percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practices and outcomes in low-and middle-income nations, despite its rapid uptake across Asia. For the first time, we report on clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes for patients undergoing PCI at a leading cardiac centre in Vietnam. Methods Information on characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of patients undergoing PCI was collected into the first PCI registry through direct interviews using a standardised form, medical record abstraction, and reading PCI imaging data on secured disks. Subgroup analysis was also conducted to explore gender differences. Results Between September 2017 and May 2018, 1022 patients undergoing PCI were recruited from a total of 1041 procedures. The mean age was 68.3 years and two thirds were male. While 54.4% of patients presented with acute coronary syndromes, the rate of ST-elevation myocardial infarction was 14.5%. The majority of lesions were classified as type B2 and C and the radial artery was the most common access location for PCI (79.2%). The use of drug-eluting stents was universal and the angiographic success rate was 99.4%. Cardiac complications following PCI were rare with the exception of major bleeding (2.0%). Female patients were older with relatively more comorbidities and a higher incidence of major bleeding than males (p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings of this study provide an opportunity to benchmark current PCI practices in Vietnam, identify possible care gaps and potentially inform the adoption of treatment guidelines as well as use of prevention strategies.
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Key Words
- ACC/AHA, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association
- ACS, Acute coronary syndrome
- APAC, Asia-Pacific
- CABG, Coronary artery bypass grafts
- CHD, Coronary heart disease
- Clinical characteristic
- DAPT, Dual-anti platelet therapy
- DES, Drug eluting stent
- ECG, Electrocardiogram
- GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events
- MI, Myocardial infarction
- NSTEMI, Non-ST-elevation myocardial infraction
- Outcomes, Vietnam
- PCI, Percutaneous coronary intervention
- Percutaneous coronary intervention
- STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infraction
- UA, Unstable angina
- VNHI, Vietnam National Heart Institute
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T T Vu
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam
| | - Hung M Pham
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | | | | | - Loi D Do
- Vietnam National Heart Institute, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc M Pham
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Richard Norman
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Rachel R Huxley
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Crystal M Y Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Understanding food westernisation and other contemporary drivers of adult, adolescent and child nutrition quality in urban Vietnam. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2571-2583. [PMID: 32665051 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020001354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between consumption of western foods purchased and consumed away from home and measures of nutrition quality: average daily caloric intake and macronutrient (carbohydrates, fat and protein) shares, for urban consumers in Vietnam, a country undergoing economic transition. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational data were collected using household surveys and 24-h food diaries. Outcome variables were individual average daily caloric intake and shares of calories from macronutrients: carbohydrates, fat and protein. The key explanatory variable was individual daily share of calories from western food purchased and consumed away from home. Ordinary least squares and multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the association between the outcome variables: caloric intake and macronutrient shares and the share of calories from western food consumed away from home. SETTING Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. PARTICIPANTS In total, 1685 households and 4997 individuals, including adults (aged $$ \ge $$ 18 years), adolescents (aged 10-17 years) and children (aged 0-9 years). RESULTS The share of calories from western food away from home was significantly associated with higher caloric intake among male and female adults (P < 0·01), adolescents (P < 0·01) and male children (P < 0·10) and was associated with higher shares of fat for male and female adults (P < 0·01), adolescents (P < 0·01) and male children (P < 0·01). CONCLUSIONS Policymakers must be conscious of the numerous factors associated with poor nutrition quality, especially in younger Vietnamese individuals. Relevant interventions targeting at risk groups are required if nutrition improvement is a long-term goal.
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Tabacchi G, Battaglia G, Messina G, Paoli A, Palma A, Bellafiore M. Validity and Internal Consistency of the Preschool-FLAT, a New Tool for the Assessment of Food Literacy in Young Children from the Training-To-Health Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082759. [PMID: 32316251 PMCID: PMC7215692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: The importance of assessing “food literacy” since youth has been highlighted and, to this purpose, valid and consistent instruments are needed. This study aimed to assess the validity and internal consistency of the preschool-FLAT (Food Literacy Assessment Tool). Methods. 505 children from 21 kindergartens, recruited within the Training-to-Health Project in Palermo (Italy), underwent oral sessions and activities on food-related aspects. Their knowledge/skills were recorded in the preschool-FLAT. The following scale measures were assessed: Content validity; internal consistency (Chronbach’s alpha coefficients); construct validity (Structural Equation Modeling—SEM); discriminant validity (intervention subgroup of 100 children vs. control group of 27 children). Results. Acceptable content validity of a 16-items scale and overall adequate internal consistency were revealed: Content validity index (CVI) 0.94, content validity ratio (CVR) 0.88, Chronbach’s alpha 0.76. The SEM revealed a 4-factor model fitting the data well (comparative fit index 0.939, root mean square error of approximation 0.033). Discriminant validity was good (intervention group scoring higher than control, p < 0.001, unpaired Student’s t-test). Conclusion. The preschool-FLAT revealed good psychometric properties, adequate validity and internal consistency. This is the only instrument in the literature specifically targeted to 3–6 years old children that could be effectively used to assess food literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garden Tabacchi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (A.P.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0-912-389-9605
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Messina
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Antonio Palma
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Marianna Bellafiore
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (A.P.); (M.B.)
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Ratsavong K, van Elsacker T, Doungvichit D, Siengsounthone L, Kounnavong S, Essink D. Are dietary intake and nutritional status influenced by gender? The pattern of dietary intake in Lao PDR: a developing country. Nutr J 2020; 19:31. [PMID: 32278347 PMCID: PMC7151640 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recognition of discrepancies between men and women in nutritional intake is important to tackle food and nutrition insecurity and the often-double burden of malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to assess nutritional status and dietary intake of the Lao population, with a focus on possible influences of gender. Methods Dietary intake was assessed in a national cross-sectional study of 1771 randomized participants aged from 1.01 to 89 years, using 24-h dietary recall. Dietary reference intakes were used to assess nutrient insufficiency. Chi-square test was used to evaluate gender differences and multiple univariate logistic regression to examine associations between gender, nutritional status, demographics and nutrient insufficiency. Results Nutrient insufficiencies were higher among pregnant and lactating women than other adult men and women, especially for protein and micronutrients such as vitamin B3, B1, C and other vitamins. Dietary intake and BMI were similar between men and women; all had insufficient intake of all types of nutrients, except sodium. However, women had lower intake than men for almost all nutrients and age groups. The prevalence of overnutrition was higher among those aged 18 years and over for both sexes. Among adult women (15–49.9 years old) and older adult women (50 years old or above), the proportions were: underweight 8.6% (both groups), overweight 18.4 and 20.5%, and obese 34.2 and 39.1%, respectively. Among pregnant and lactating women, the rates of underweight were 7.5 and 1.4%, of overweight were 17.8 and 27.1%, and obese, 21.9 and 40.0%. Among adult and older men, 3.2 and 8.3% were underweight; 21.0 and 18.6% were overweight and 28.2 and 27.6% were obese. Multiple univariate logistic regressions revealed that the factors rural area, dry season and Northern-Lowland region were associated with inadequate micronutrient intake among children, adolescents and adults of both genders. Conclusions Dietary intakes were alarmingly micronutrient-insufficient. Macronutrient imbalance and double burden of malnutrition were confirmed in both sexes. Gender differences were limited; men and women had similarly insufficient intakes, but pregnant and lactating women were disproportionately affected. Nutritional interventions should also take men and older people into account to solve nutrition problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Essink
- Athena Institute, Vrije University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Dietary micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Mumbai slums. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1536-1545. [PMID: 31148589 PMCID: PMC7051904 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To (1) describe micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age living in Mumbai slums; (2) assess the adequacy of these intakes compared with reference values; (3) identify important dietary sources of micronutrients. Subjects/methods Participants were 6426 non-pregnant women aged 16–39 years, registered in a randomised controlled trial of a food-based intervention set in the Bandra, Khar and Andheri areas of Mumbai, India. Cross-sectional quantified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data were collected. Vitamin (n = 9) and mineral (n = 6) intakes were calculated and analysed in relation to dietary reference values (DRVs). Important dietary sources were identified for each micronutrient. Results Median intakes of all micronutrients, except vitamin E, were below the FAO/WHO reference nutrient intake (RNI). Intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin A and folate were furthest from the RNI. For seven of the micronutrients, over half of the women had intakes below the lower reference nutrient intake (LRNI); this figure was over 75% for calcium and riboflavin. The majority of women (93%) had intakes below the EAR for 5 or more micronutrients, and 64% for 10 or more. Adolescents had lower intakes than women aged >19 years. Less than 1% of adult women and no adolescents met the EAR for all micronutrients. Animal source foods and micronutrient-rich fruit and vegetables were consumed infrequently. Conclusions These women had low intakes of multiple micronutrients, increasing their risk of insufficiency. There is a need to determine the factors causing poor intakes, to direct interventions that improve diet quality and nutritional sufficiency.
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Household food insecurity is associated with low dietary diversity among pregnant and lactating women in rural Malawi. Public Health Nutr 2018; 22:697-705. [PMID: 30378520 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between household food insecurity and dietary diversity in the past 24h (dietary diversity score (DDS, range: 0-9); minimum dietary diversity (MDD, consumption of three or more food groups); consumption of nine separate food groups) among pregnant and lactating women in rural Malawi. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Two rural districts in Central Malawi. SUBJECTS Pregnant (n 589) and lactating (n 641) women. RESULTS Of surveyed pregnant and lactating women, 66·7 and 68·6 %, respectively, experienced moderate or severe food insecurity and only 32·4 and 28·1 %, respectively, met MDD. Compared with food-secure pregnant women, those who reported severe food insecurity had a 0·36 lower DDS (P<0·05) and more than threefold higher risk (OR; 95 % CI) of not consuming meat/fish (3·19; CI 1·68, 6·03). The risk of not consuming eggs (3·77; 1·04, 13·7) was higher among moderately food-insecure pregnant women. Compared with food-secure lactating women, those who reported mild, moderate and severe food insecurity showed a 0·36, 0·44 and 0·62 lower DDS, respectively (all P<0·05). The risk of not achieving MDD was higher among moderately (1·95; 1·06, 3·59) and severely (2·82; 1·53, 5·22) food-insecure lactating women. The risk of not consuming meat/fish and eggs increased in a dose-response manner among lactating women experiencing mild (1·75; 1·01, 3·03 and 2·81; 1·09, 7·25), moderate (2·66; 1·47, 4·82 and 3·75; 1·40, 10·0) and severe (5·33; 2·63, 10·8 and 3·47; 1·19, 10·1) food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS Addressing food insecurity during and after pregnancy needs to be considered when designing nutrition programmes aiming to increase dietary diversity in rural Malawi.
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Nguyen CL, Hoang DV, Nguyen PTH, Ha AVV, Chu TK, Pham NM, Lee AH, Duong DV, Binns CW. Low Dietary Intakes of Essential Nutrients during Pregnancy in Vietnam. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10081025. [PMID: 30082626 PMCID: PMC6116189 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate intake of nutrients during pregnancy has been associated with poor pregnancy and infant outcomes; however, evidence remains limited in low-resource settings in Asia. This paper assessed food, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes among 1944 Vietnamese pregnant women. Dietary information was collected via an interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were estimated using the Vietnamese food composition tables. The levels of nutrient intakes were evaluated against the Vietnamese recommended nutrient intakes (RNI) for pregnancy. The diet profiles were reported as means and percentages. The average daily food intakes across socio-demographic factors were compared using ANOVA, with adjustment for multiple comparisons by the Tukey–Kramer test. Rice, fruits, and vegetables were the main food sources consumed. The mean energy intake was 2004 kcal/day with 15.9%, 31.8%, and 52.2% of energy deriving from proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, respectively. Just over half of the women did not meet the RNI for total energy intake. The intakes of essential micronutrients including folate, calcium, iron, and zinc were below the RNI, and almost all pregnant women failed to meet the recommendations for these micronutrients. The associations of maternal age, education, and pre-pregnancy body mass index with nutrient intakes varied across the nutrient subgroups. Targeted programs are needed to improve nutrient intakes in Vietnamese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Luat Nguyen
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Dong Van Hoang
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Phung Thi Hoang Nguyen
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Vo Van Ha
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Tan Khac Chu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 180000, Vietnam.
| | - Ngoc Minh Pham
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam.
| | - Andy H Lee
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Dat Van Duong
- Department of Sexual & Reproductive Health, United Nations Population Fund, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Colin W Binns
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
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Heo J, Yu SY, Yi J, Nam YS, Son DT, Oh J, Lee JK. Wealth gradient-based divergence in the prevalence of underweight among women by marital status in Quoc Oai district, Vietnam. Glob Health Action 2018; 11:1449430. [PMID: 29589996 PMCID: PMC5912430 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1449430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of underweight is high among women in Asian countries, despite nutritional changes in the region. Previous studies have demonstrated independent associations between female body weight, marital status and economic status. However, few studies have investigated possible interaction between marital and economic status in relation to Asian women’s body weight. Objective: This study aimed to test associations between household wealth, marital status and underweight among women living in the Quoc Oai district of Vietnam and to identify wealth–marital status interaction in relation to body weight in these women. Methods: Data from 1087 women aged 19–60 years were collected via a baseline community survey conducted in the Quoc Oai district of Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2016. Underweight was defined using an Asian-specific body mass index cut-off (<18.5 kg/m2). Marital status was dichotomized into ‘never married’ and ‘ever married.’ Economic status was measured using household wealth index quintiles. Multivariable logistic regressions tested association between wealth and underweight after adjusting for marital status and other confounders. An interaction term (wealth index*marital status) was fitted to determine whether the association between wealth and body weight is modified by marital status. Results: Our results show that underweight was independently associated with a wealth status (odds ratio [OR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79–0.98, p = 0.026) and ever-married status (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.75, p = 0.002). A significant interaction effect (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50–0.90, p = 0.010) indicated that wealthy married women were less likely to be underweight, whereas wealthy never-married women were more likely to be underweight. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the interaction between wealth and marital status has divergent effects on underweight among Asian women. Interventions to reduce underweight among Asian women should simultaneously consider economic and marital status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Heo
- a JW LEE Center for Global Medicine , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yu
- b College of Nursing , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseon Yi
- b College of Nursing , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - You-Seon Nam
- a JW LEE Center for Global Medicine , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Thai Son
- c Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health , Hanoi Medical University , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Juhwan Oh
- a JW LEE Center for Global Medicine , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Lee
- a JW LEE Center for Global Medicine , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Michalski ES, Nguyen PH, Gonzalez-Casanova I, Nguyen SV, Martorell R, Tangpricha V, Ramakrishnan U. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D but not dietary vitamin D intake is associated with hemoglobin in women of reproductive age in rural northern Vietnam. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2017; 8:41-48. [PMID: 29067258 PMCID: PMC5651337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypovitaminosis D and anemia are both prevalent in Vietnam, and low vitamin D status may be a risk factor for anemia. This study aimed to 1) describe vitamin D intake and its determinants, and 2) examine the associations of vitamin D intake and serum 25(OH)D concentrations with hemoglobin and anemia. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN We used data from the baseline survey of a pre-conceptual micronutrient supplementation trial in women of reproductive age (WRA) in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam (N = 4961). Vitamin D intake was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable regression models were used for the analyses. RESULTS Median vitamin D intake was 0.2 µg/d (8.0 IU) [IQR: 0.4]. Age, being a farmer, food insecurity, and body mass index (BMI) were inversely associated with vitamin D intake, while socioeconomic status (SES), total energy intake, and education were positively associated with vitamin D intake. Vitamin D intake was not associated with hemoglobin concentration or anemia after adjusting for age, BMI, total energy intake, transferrin receptor, C-reactive protein, α1-acid glycoprotein, SES, occupation, education, ethnicity, and food insecurity (P = 0.56 and P = 0.65 for hemoglobin and anemia, respectively). Controlling for the same covariates, 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L (vs. ≥50 nmol/L) was associated with decreased hemoglobin concentrations (β = -0.91 (SE:0.42), P = 0.03), but not with anemia (P = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin D status may be linked to reduced hemoglobin concentrations, but the role of diet in this association was not evident in this population of WRA in Vietnam where dietary vitamin D intake was very low.
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Key Words
- 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D
- AGP, α1-acid glycoprotein
- AMDR, acceptable macronutrient distribution range
- Anemia
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- Dietary intake
- EAR, estimated average requirement
- Hemoglobin
- IOM, Institute of Medicine
- IQR, interquartile range
- RBP, retinol binding protein
- SD, standard deviation
- SE, standard error
- SES, socioeconomic status
- Vietnam
- Vitamin D
- WHO, World Health Organization
- WRA, women of reproductive age
- sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen S. Michalski
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Phuong H. Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC 20006, USA
| | | | - Son V. Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam
| | - Reynaldo Martorell
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta GA 30322, USA
| | - Vin Tangpricha
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta GA 30322, USA
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Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167416. [PMID: 27918586 PMCID: PMC5137891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Preconception micronutrient interventions may be a promising approach to reduce anemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy, but currently we have limited data to inform policies. We evaluated whether providing additional pre-pregnancy weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) or multiple micronutrient (MM) supplements compared to only folic acid (FA) improves iron status and anemia during pregnancy and early postpartum. Methods We conducted a double blind randomized controlled trial in which 5011 Vietnamese women were provided with weekly supplements containing either only 2800 μg FA (control group), IFA (60 mg Fe and 2800 μg FA) or MM (15 micronutrients with similar amounts of IFA). All women who became pregnant (n = 1813) in each of the 3 groups received daily IFA (60 mg Fe and 400 μg FA) through delivery. Hematological indicators were assessed at baseline (pre-pregnancy), during pregnancy, 3 months post-partum, and in cord blood. Adjusted generalized linear models were applied to examine the impact of preconception supplementation on anemia and iron stores, using both intention to treat and per protocol analyses (women consumed supplements ≥ 26 weeks before conception). Results At baseline, 20% of women were anemic, but only 14% had low iron stores (ferritin <30 μg/L) and 3% had iron deficiency (ferritin <12 μg/L). The groups were balanced for baseline characteristics. Anemia prevalence increased during pregnancy and post-partum but was similar among intervention groups. In intention to treat analyses, prenatal ferritin was significantly higher among women receiving MM (geometric mean (μg/L) [95% CI]: 93.6 [89.3–98.2]) and IFA (91.9 [87.6–96.3]) compared to control (85.3 [81.5–89.2]). In per protocol analyses, women receiving MM or IFA had higher ferritin 3 months postpartum (MM 118.2 [109.3–127.8]), IFA 117.8 [108.7–127.7] vs control 101.5 [94.0–109.7]) and gave birth to infants with greater iron stores (MM 184.3 [176.1–192.9]), IFA 189.9 [181.6–198.3] vs control 175.1 [167.9–182.6]). Conclusion Preconception supplementation with MM or IFA resulted in modest increases in maternal and infant iron stores but did not impact anemia. Further research is needed to characterize the etiology of anemia in this population and identify effective interventions for reducing prenatal anemia. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01665378
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Young LS, Huong PTT, Lam NT, Thu NN, Van HT, Hanh NL, Tuyen LD, Lien DTK, Hoc TH, Tuyet CT, Anh NQ, Henry EG, Lenders CM, Gura KM, Bigornia SJ, Apovian CM, Ziegler TR. Nutritional status and feeding practices in gastrointestinal surgery patients at Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2016; 25:513-20. [PMID: 27440685 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.092015.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The nutritional status and hospital feeding practices of surgical patients in Vietnam are not well documented. Based on a cross-sectional study at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH), the prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 33% in the surgical ward using a body mass index (BMI<18.5 kg/m(2). We conducted an observational study over a three month period to evaluate the feeding practices in the gastrointestinal (GI) surgery ward at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH) in Hanoi, Vietnam. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Investigators from the U.S. and the Vietnamese National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) enrolled 72 subjects admitted for elective GI surgery in an observational study at BMH. Baseline anthropometrics and changes over time, body mass index (BMI), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and daily kcal and protein intake from oral diet, tube feeding, and parenteral nutrition (PN) from admission until discharge were documented. RESULTS A total of 50% of subjects scored a B or C on the SGA; 48% of subjects had a BMI<18.5, while mean mid upper arm circumference was in the lownormal range (24±4 cm). Nearly all patients (98%) were given PN postoperatively, with oral feeding starting on an average of postoperative day 4. Only one patient was tube fed. Mean daily total calorie intake was 15 kcal/kg/day and protein intake was 0.61 g/kg/day during hospitalization. Micronutrient supplementation was minimal in subjects receiving PN. CONCLUSIONS Hospital malnutrition in surgical patients in Vietnam is a significant problem, peri-operative feeding appears suboptimal and use of early postoperative PN was routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine S Young
- Boston University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Ha Thi Van
- National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Tran Hieu Hoc
- Department of Surgery, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Chu Thi Tuyet
- Clinical Nutrition Center, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi Vietnam
| | | | - Elizabeth G Henry
- Boston University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carine M Lenders
- Boston University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sherman J Bigornia
- Boston University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caroline M Apovian
- Boston University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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King JC. A Summary of Pathways or Mechanisms Linking Preconception Maternal Nutrition with Birth Outcomes. J Nutr 2016; 146:1437S-44S. [PMID: 27281808 PMCID: PMC4926847 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.223479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Population, human, animal, tissue, and molecular studies show collectively and consistently that maternal nutrition in the pre- or periconception period influences fetal growth and development, which subsequently affects the individual's long-term health. It is known that nutrition during pregnancy is an important determinant of the offspring's growth and health. However, now there is evidence that the mother's nutritional status at conception also influences pregnancy outcome and long-term health. For example, the mother's nutritional status at conception influences the way energy is partitioned between maternal and fetal needs. Furthermore, placental development during the first weeks of gestation reflects maternal nutrition and establishes mechanisms for balancing maternal and fetal nutritional needs. Also, maternal nutritional signals at fertilization influence epigenetic remodeling of fetal genes. These findings all indicate that maternal parenting begins before conception. The following papers from a symposium on preconception nutrition presented at the 2015 Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting of the ASN emphasize the importance of maternal nutrition at conception on the growth and long-term health of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C King
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA
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Yang H, Kim H, Kim JM, Chung HW, Chang N. Associations of dietary intake and metabolic syndrome risk parameters in Vietnamese female marriage immigrants in South Korea: The KoGES follow-up study. Nutr Res Pract 2016; 10:313-20. [PMID: 27247728 PMCID: PMC4880731 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2016.10.3.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to compare the overall changes in dietary intake and metabolic syndrome risk parameters in Vietnamese marriage-based female immigrants over time. SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects of this study were 581 Vietnamese marriage-based female immigrants, who were recruited from local clinical centers in Korea. Baseline data were collected from 2006-2011 and the follow-up data were collected from 2012-2014. Dietary food intake was assessed by a 1-day 24-hour recall method. RESULTS Compared to the baseline, the mean body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased while the fasting blood sugar, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased at follow-up. The total consumption of foods such as vegetables/fruits/seaweeds/mushrooms, oil and fat, and eggs decreased during the follow-up period, whereas the consumption of sugars, beverages and meats increased. Partial correlation between the rate of change [(Follow-up - Baseline) / Baseline × 100] in metabolic syndrome risk parameters and food intake after controlling for confounding factors showed that the waist circumference was positively correlated with either the total plant food intake (r = 0.1042, P = 0.0129) or the total food intake (r = 0.0880, P = 0.0359). The plasma levels of total cholesterol (r = -0.1918, P = 0.0289) and HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.1424, P = 0.0007) were negatively correlated with the percentage of total intake from plant food, and HDL-cholesterol levels were positively correlated with the intake of total animal food (r = 0.0980, P = 0.0217). The serum C-reactive protein levels were positively correlated with the total intake of animal food (r = 0.2374, P < 0.0001) or the percentage of total intake from animal food (r = 0.1346, P = 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the change rate of dietary intake such as total plant food or animal food is associated with the change rates of metabolic syndrome risk parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyesu Yang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Ji-Myung Kim
- Food and Nutrition Major, Division of Food Science and Culinary Arts, Shinhan University, Gyeonggi 11644, Korea
| | - Hye Won Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Namsoo Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Grasgruber P, Sebera M, Hrazdíra E, Cacek J, Kalina T. Major correlates of male height: A study of 105 countries. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2016; 21:172-195. [PMID: 26948573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the main correlates of male height in 105 countries in Europe & overseas, Asia, North Africa and Oceania. Actual data on male height are compared with the average consumption of 28 protein sources (FAOSTAT, 1993-2009) and seven socioeconomic indicators (according to the World Bank, the CIA World Factbook and the United Nations). This comparison identified three fundamental types of diets based on rice, wheat and milk, respectively. The consumption of rice dominates in tropical Asia, where it is accompanied by very low total protein and energy intake, and one of the shortest statures in the world (∼162-168cm). Wheat prevails in Muslim countries in North Africa and the Near East, which is where we also observe the highest plant protein consumption in the world and moderately tall statures that do not exceed 174cm. In taller nations, the intake of protein and energy no longer fundamentally rises, but the consumption of plant proteins markedly decreases at the expense of animal proteins, especially those from dairy. Their highest consumption rates can be found in Northern and Central Europe, with the global peak of male height in the Netherlands (184cm). In general, when only the complete data from 72 countries were considered, the consumption of protein from the five most correlated foods (r=0.85) and the human development index (r=0.84) are most strongly associated with tall statures. A notable finding is the low consumption of the most correlated proteins in Muslim oil superpowers and highly developed countries of East Asia, which could explain their lagging behind Europe in terms of physical stature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Grasgruber
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - M Sebera
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Hrazdíra
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Cacek
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - T Kalina
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Bui TV, Blizzard CL, Luong KN, Truong NLV, Tran BQ, Otahal P, Srikanth V, Nelson MR, Au TB, Ha ST, Phung HN, Tran MH, Callisaya M, Gall S. Physical Activity in Vietnam: Estimates and Measurement Issues. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140941. [PMID: 26485044 PMCID: PMC4618512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aims were to provide the first national estimates of physical activity (PA) for Vietnam, and to investigate issues affecting their accuracy. METHODS Measurements were made using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) on a nationally-representative sample of 14706 participants (46.5% males, response 64.1%) aged 25-64 years selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. RESULTS Approximately 20% of Vietnamese people had no measureable PA during a typical week, but 72.9% (men) and 69.1% (women) met WHO recommendations for PA by adults for their age. On average, 52.0 (men) and 28.0 (women) Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET)-hours/week (largely from work activities) were reported. Work and total PA were higher in rural areas and varied by season. Less than 2% of respondents provided incomplete information, but an additional one-in-six provided unrealistically high values of PA. Those responsible for reporting errors included persons from rural areas and all those with unstable work patterns. Box-Cox transformation (with an appropriate constant added) was the most successful method of reducing the influence of large values, but energy-scaled values were most strongly associated with pathophysiological outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Around seven-in-ten Vietnamese people aged 25-64 years met WHO recommendations for total PA, which was mainly from work activities and higher in rural areas. Nearly all respondents were able to report their activity using the GPAQ, but with some exaggerated values and seasonal variation in reporting. Data transformation provided plausible summary values, but energy-scaling fared best in association analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Van Bui
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | | | - Khue Ngoc Luong
- Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Health of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Le Van Truong
- Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Health of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Bao Quoc Tran
- Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Health of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Petr Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Velandai Srikanth
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Raymond Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Thuy Bich Au
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Son Thai Ha
- Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Health of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Hai Ngoc Phung
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mai Hoang Tran
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michele Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Southern Clinical School, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seana Gall
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Thi HL, Hong PL, Hoang TN, Thu GN, Thanh XLT, Kim CNT, Vu NTT. Changes of Food Expenditure and Food Consumption of People Living in Ba Vi District, Hanoi, Vietnam from 1999 to 2013. Health (London) 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2015.712184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ko A, Kim H, Han CJ, Kim JM, Chung HW, Chang N. Association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and dietary intake in Vietnamese young women. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:445-52. [PMID: 25110566 PMCID: PMC4122718 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.4.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a strong independent predictor of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We evaluated the relationship between hsCRP and dietary intake in apparently healthy young women living in southern Vietnam. SUBJECTS/METHODS Serum hsCRP was measured and dietary intake data were obtained using the 1-day 24-hour recall method in women (n = 956; mean age, 25.0 ± 5.7 years) who participated in the International Collaboration Study for the Construction of Asian Cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) in 2011. RESULTS Women in the high risk group (> 3 mg/L) consumed fewer fruits and vegetables, total plant food, potassium, and folate than those in the low risk group (< 1 mg/L). A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for covariates revealed a significant negative association between hsCRP and fruit and vegetable consumption. A logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of having a high hsCRP level in women with the highest quartiles of consumption of fruits and vegetables [OR, 0.391; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.190-0.807], potassium [OR, 0.425; 95% CI, 0.192-0.939] and folate [OR, 0.490; 95% CI, 0.249-0.964] were significantly lower than those in the lowest quartiles. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that, in young Vietnamese women, an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables might be beneficial for serum hsCRP, a risk factor for future CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahra Ko
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Chan-Jung Han
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Ji-Myung Kim
- Food and Nutrition Major, Division of Food Science and Culinary Arts, Shinhan University, Gyeonggi 483-777, Korea
| | - Hye-Won Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul 158-710, Korea
| | - Namsoo Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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Nguyen PH, Nguyen H, Gonzalez-Casanova I, Copeland E, Strizich G, Lowe A, Pham H, Truong TV, Nguyen S, Martorell R, Ramakrishnan U. Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89504. [PMID: 24586831 PMCID: PMC3931833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern worldwide negatively affecting maternal and child health outcomes. The primary underlying causes of micronutrient deficiencies are insufficient intake and poor bioavailability of micronutrients. However, reliable data on micronutrient intakes are sparse. The objectives of this study were to identify the key local food sources providing the majority of micronutrients and assess the adequacy and determinants of micronutrient intakes. METHODS The study used data from a survey of 4,983 rural women of reproductive age (WRA) participating in a preconception micronutrient supplementation trial in Vietnam. Micronutrient intakes were assessed using a validated 107-item semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between socioeconomic status and micronutrient intakes. RESULTS Starchy staples were the main source of iron and zinc (37% and 54%, respectively) with only a small proportion from meat (10% and 18%, respectively). The primary source of folate and vitamin A were vegetables; vitamin B12 came from meat and eggs. The proportion of the population with intakes below the estimated average requirement was 25% for iron, 16% for zinc, 54% for folate, 64% for vitamin B12 and 27% for vitamin A. Socioeconomic status was the main determinant of micronutrient intakes. WRA in the highest quintile consumed 26% more iron, 19% more zinc, 36% more folate, 82% more vitamin B12 and 47% more vitamin A compared to those in the lowest quintile. Women in the upper quintiles of SES were more likely to obtain nutrients from more nutritious and higher bioavailable foods than those in the lowest quintile. CONCLUSIONS Underprivileged women were at increased risk for insufficient micronutrient intakes due to poor diet quality. Targeted efforts to promote the consumption of local nutrient rich foods along with educational programs and social development are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H. Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
- International Food Policy Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Hieu Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Ines Gonzalez-Casanova
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Erika Copeland
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Garrett Strizich
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Lowe
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hoa Pham
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Truong V. Truong
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Son Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Pharmacy and Medicine, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Reynaldo Martorell
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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