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Li Y, Yue L, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhu YN, Liu J, Ren H, Jiang W, Wang J, Zhang Z, Liu T. Proteomic, single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis of plasma and tumor tissues unveil core proteins in response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in triple negative breast cancer. Comput Biol Med 2024; 176:108537. [PMID: 38744008 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment has achieved durable responses in TNBC patients, whereas a fraction of them showed non-sensitivity to the treatment and the mechanism is still unclear. METHODS Pre- and post-treatment plasma samples from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients treated with immunotherapy were measured by tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry. Public proteome data of lung cancer and melanoma treated with immunotherapy were employed to validate the findings. Blood and tissue single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of TNBC patients treated with or without immunotherapy were analyzed to identify the derivations of plasma proteins. RNA-seq data from IMvigor210 and other cancer types were used to validate plasma proteins in predicting response to immunotherapy. RESULTS A random forest model constructed by FAP, LRG1, LBP and COMP could well predict the response to immunotherapy. The activation of complement cascade was observed in responders, whereas FAP and COMP showed a higher abundance in non-responders and negative correlated with the activation of complements. scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analysis suggested that FAP, COMP and complements were derived from fibroblasts of tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS We constructe an effective plasma proteomic model in predicting response to immunotherapy, and find that FAP+ and COMP+ fibroblasts are potential targets for reversing immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpu Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Yu-Nan Zhu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Jianyu Liu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310030, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China.
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China; Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China.
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Göbel A, Rachner TD, Hoffmann O, Klotz DM, Kasimir-Bauer S, Kimmig R, Hofbauer LC, Bittner AK. High serum levels of leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) are associated with poor survival in patients with early breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:2789-2798. [PMID: 38413424 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is mainly produced in the liver. Elevated levels of LRG-1 are found in a multitude of pathological conditions including eye diseases, diabetes, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In patients with early breast cancer (BC), high intratumoral LRG-1 protein expression levels are associated with reduced survival. In this study, we assessed serum levels of LRG-1 in patients with early BC and investigated its correlation with the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow and survival outcomes. METHODS Serum LRG-1 levels of 509 BC patients were determined using ELISA and DTCs were assessed by immunocytochemistry using the pan-cytokeratin antibody A45-B/B3. We stratified LRG-1 levels according to selected clinical parameters. Using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test and multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and prognostic relevance were assessed. RESULTS Mean serum levels of LRG-1 were 29.70 ± 8.67 µg/ml. Age was positively correlated with LRG-1 expression (r = 0.19; p < 0.0001) and significantly higher LRG-1 levels were found in patients over 60 years compared to younger ones (30.49 ± 8.63 µg/ml vs. 28.85 ± 8.63 µg/ml; p = 0.011) and in postmenopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients (30.15 ± 8.34 µg/ml vs. 26.936.94 µg/ml; p = 0.002). Patients with no DTCs showed significantly elevated LRG-1 levels compared to the DTC-positive group (30.51 ± 8.69 µg/ml vs. 28.51 ± 8.54 µg/ml; p = 0.004). Overall and BC-specific survival was significantly lower in patients with high serum LRG-1 levels (above a cut-off of 33.63 µg/ml) compared to patients with lower LRG-1 levels during a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (24.8% vs. 11.1% BC-specific death; p = 0.0003; odds ratio 2.63, 95%CI: 1.56-4.36). Multivariate analyses revealed that LRG-1 is an independent prognostic marker for BC-specific survival (p = 0.001; hazard ratio 2.61). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential of LRG-1 as an independent prognostic biomarker in patients with early BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Martin Klotz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Bittner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT West, Heidelberg, Germany
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Chen C, Zhang J, Yu T, Feng H, Liao J, Jia Y. LRG1 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Multiple Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:237-248. [PMID: 38799248 PMCID: PMC11126829 DOI: 10.1159/000538443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of kidney diseases has become a significant public health issue, with a global prevalence exceeding 10%. In order to accurately identify biochemical changes and treatment outcomes associated with kidney diseases, novel methods targeting specific genes have been discovered. Among these genes, leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been identified to function as a multifunctional pathogenic signaling molecule in multiple diseases, including kidney diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the roles of LRG1 in different types of kidney diseases. Summary Based on a comprehensive review, it was found that LRG1 was upregulated in the urine, serum, or renal tissues of patients or experimental animal models with multiple kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, kidney injury, IgA nephropathy, chronic kidney diseases, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, end-stage renal disease, canine leishmaniosis-induced kidney disease, kidney fibrosis, and aristolochic acid nephropathy. Mechanistically, the role of LRG1 in kidney diseases is believed to be detrimental, potentially through its regulation of various genes and signaling cascades, i.e., fibronectin 1, GPR56, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR-2, death receptor 5, GDF15, HIF-1α, SPP1, activin receptor-like kinase 1-Smad1/5/8, NLRP3-IL-1b, and transforming growth factor β pathway. Key Messages Further research is needed to fully comprehend the molecular mechanisms by which LRG1 contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of kidney diseases. It is anticipated that targeted treatments focusing on LRG1 will be utilized in clinical trials and implemented in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dean People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Haiya Feng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yifei Jia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Gardner RS, Kyle M, Hughes K, Zhao LR. Single cell RNA sequencing reveals immunomodulatory mechanism of stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment in the brains of aged APP/PS1 mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.09.593359. [PMID: 38766064 PMCID: PMC11100789 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.593359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to progressive neurodegeneration and dementia. AD primarily affects older adults with neuropathological changes including amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. We have previously demonstrated that systemic treatment with stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (SCF+G-CSF), reduces Aβ load, increases Aβ uptake by activated microglia and monocytes/macrophages (Mo/Mac), reduces neuroinflammation, and restores dendrites and synapses in the brains of aged APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice. However, the mechanisms underlying SCF+G-CSF-enhanced brain repair in aged APP/PS1 mice remain unclear. This study used a transcriptomic approach to explore the mechanisms by which SCF+G-CSF treatment alters the functions of microglia and Mo/Mac in the brains of 28-month-old APP/PS1 mice. After 5-day injections of SCF+G-CSF, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on CD11b + microglia and Mo/Mac isolated from the brain. Flow cytometry was used for identifying CD11b + microglia and Mo/Mac in the brain. Both transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry data demonstrated dramatic increases in the population of Mo/Mac in the brain following SCF+G-CSF treatment. SCF+G-CSF treatment robustly increased the transcription of genes implicated in activated immune cells, including gene sets that regulate inflammatory processes and cell migration. SCF+G-CSF treatment also increased a cell population co-expressing microglial and Mo/Mac marker genes. This cell cluster aligned with a disease-associated microglial profile linked with Aβ restriction and phagocytosis. S100a8 and S100a9 were the most robustly enhanced genes in both microglial and Mo/Mac clusters following SCF+G-CSF treatment. Furthermore, the topmost genes differentially expressed after SCF+G-CSF treatment were largely upregulated in S100a8/9-positive microglia and Mo/Mac, suggesting a largely well-conserved transcriptional profile related to SCF+G-CSF treatment in cerebral immune cells. This S100a8/9-associated transcriptional profile contained genes related to pro- and anti-inflammatory responses, neuroprotection, and Aβ plaque inhibition or clearance. This study sheds new light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SCF+G-CSF-mitigated AD neuropathology in the aged brain.
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Ullah A, Singla RK, Batool Z, Cao D, Shen B. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the game-changers in childhood obesity-associated metabolic disorders (diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases). Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024:10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y. [PMID: 38709387 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09884-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a chronic inflammatory epidemic that affects children worldwide. Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 children worldwide. Obesity in children can worsen weight gain and raise the risk of obesity-related comorbidities like diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It can also negatively impact the quality of life for these children. Obesity disrupts immune system function, influencing cytokine (interleukins) balance and expression levels, adipokines, and innate and adaptive immune cells. The altered expression of immune system mediators, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-18 (IL-18), transforming growth factor (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and others, caused inflammation, progression, and the development of pediatric obesity and linked illnesses such as diabetes and NAFLD. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), have been shown to have anti-diabetes and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) anti-diabetic and pro-NAFLFD properties, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to have a dual role in managing diabetes and anti-NAFLD. In light of the substantial increase in childhood obesity-associated disorders such as diabetes and NAFLD and the absence of an effective pharmaceutical intervention to inhibit immune modulation factors, it is critical to consider the alteration of immune system components as a preventive and therapeutic approach. Thus, the current review focuses on the most recent information regarding the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins) and their molecular mechanisms on pediatric obesity-associated disorders (diabetes and NAFLD). Furthermore, we discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials in childhood obesity-associated diseases, diabetes, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ullah
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Zahra Batool
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center of West China Hospital and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Kalaidopoulou Nteak S, Völlmy F, Lukassen MV, van den Toorn H, den Boer MA, Bondt A, van der Lans SPA, Haas PJ, van Zuilen AD, Rooijakkers SHM, Heck AJR. Longitudinal Fluctuations in Protein Concentrations and Higher-Order Structures in the Plasma Proteome of Kidney Failure Patients Subjected to a Kidney Transplant. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38701233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Using proteomics and complexome profiling, we evaluated in a year-long study longitudinal variations in the plasma proteome of kidney failure patients, prior to and after a kidney transplantation. The post-transplant period was complicated by bacterial infections, resulting in dramatic changes in the proteome, attributed to an acute phase response (APR). As positive acute phase proteins (APPs), being elevated upon inflammation, we observed the well-described C-reactive protein and Serum Amyloid A (SAA), but also Fibrinogen, Haptoglobin, Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, Alpha-1-antitrypsin, Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, S100, and CD14. As negative APPs, being downregulated upon inflammation, we identified the well-documented Serotransferrin and Transthyretin, but added Kallistatin, Heparin cofactor 2, and interalpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H1 and H2 (ITIH1, ITIH2). For the patient with the most severe APR, we performed plasma complexome profiling by SEC-LC-MS on all longitudinal samples. We observed that several plasma proteins displaying alike concentration patterns coelute and form macromolecular complexes. By complexome profiling, we expose how SAA1 and SAA2 become incorporated into high-density lipid particles, replacing largely Apolipoprotein (APO)A1 and APOA4. Overall, our data highlight that the combination of in-depth longitudinal plasma proteome and complexome profiling can shed further light on correlated variations in the abundance of several plasma proteins upon inflammatory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kalaidopoulou Nteak
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Völlmy
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Marie V Lukassen
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Henk van den Toorn
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits A den Boer
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Bondt
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors P A van der Lans
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter-Jan Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan D van Zuilen
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan H M Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
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He J, Zheng F, Zhang L, Cai J, Ogawa Y, Tsubota K, Liu S, Jin X. Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Transcriptional Landscape of Lacrimal Gland in GVHD Mouse Model. Ocul Surf 2024:S1542-0124(24)00052-1. [PMID: 38703817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the global transcriptional landscape of lacrimal gland cell populations in the GVHD mouse model. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing and further bioinformatic analysis of dissociated lacrimal gland (LG) cells from the mouse model were performed. Parts of transcriptional results were confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS We identified 23 cell populations belonging to 11 cell types. In GVHD LG, the proportion of acinar cells, myoepithelial cells, and endothelial cells was remarkably decreased, while T cells and macrophages were significantly expanded. Gene expression analysis indicated decreased secretion function, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, and increased chemokines of myoepithelial cells. A newly described epithelial population named Lrg1high epithelial cells, expressing distinct gene signatures, was exclusively identified in GVHD LG. The fibroblasts exhibited an inflammation gene pattern. The gene pattern of endothelial cells suggested an increased ability to recruit immune cells and damaged cell-cell junctions. T cells were mainly comprised of Th2 cells and effective memory CD8+ T cells. GVHD macrophages exhibited a Th2 cell-linked pattern. CONCLUSIONS This single-cell atlas uncovered alterations of proportion and gene expression patterns of cell populations and constructed cell-cell communication networks of GVHD LG. These data may provide some new insight into understanding the development of ocular GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang He
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Yoko Ogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Tsubota Laboratory, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuming Jin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Dritsoula A, Camilli C, Moss SE, Greenwood J. The disruptive role of LRG1 on the vasculature and perivascular microenvironment. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1386177. [PMID: 38745756 PMCID: PMC11091338 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1386177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of new blood vessels, and their subsequent stabilization, is a critical process that facilitates tissue growth and organ development. Once established, vessels need to diversify to meet the specific needs of the local tissue and to maintain homeostasis. These processes are tightly regulated and fundamental to normal vessel and tissue function. The mechanisms that orchestrate angiogenesis and vessel maturation have been widely studied, with signaling crosstalk between endothelium and perivascular cells being identified as an essential component. In disease, however, new vessels develop abnormally, and existing vessels lose their specialization and function, which invariably contributes to disease progression. Despite considerable research into the vasculopathic mechanisms in disease, our knowledge remains incomplete. Accordingly, the identification of angiocrine and angiopathic molecules secreted by cells within the vascular microenvironment, and their effect on vessel behaviour, remains a major research objective. Over the last decade the secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), has emerged as a significant vasculopathic molecule, stimulating defective angiogenesis, and destabilizing the existing vasculature mainly, but not uniquely, by altering both canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling in a highly cell and context dependent manner. Whilst LRG1 does not possess any overt homeostatic role in vessel development and maintenance, growing evidence provides a compelling case for LRG1 playing a pleiotropic role in disrupting the vasculature in many disease settings. Thus, LRG1 has now been reported to damage vessels in various disorders including cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, ocular disease, and lung disease and the signaling processes that drive this dysfunction are being defined. Moreover, therapeutic targeting of LRG1 has been widely proposed to re-establish a quiescent endothelium and normalized vasculature. In this review, we consider the current status of our understanding of the role of LRG1 in vascular pathology, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Dritsoula
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Luo T, Jiang X, Zhang Z, Gao M, Wang H. Plasma leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: vertical variation, correlation with T helper 17/regulatory T ratio, and predictive value on major adverse cardiovascular events. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1326897. [PMID: 38742172 PMCID: PMC11089199 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1326897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) promotes inflammation and myocardial injury, but its clinical role in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is rarely disclosed. Herein, this prospective study aimed to explore the value of plasma LRG1 at different time points to predict major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk in patients with STEMI. Methods In total, 209 patients with STEMI were enrolled for determining plasma LRG1 at admission and on day (D)1/D7/D30 after admission via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as for determination of peripheral blood T helper 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells by flow cytometry. In addition, plasma LRG1 was obtained from 30 healthy controls at enrollment. Results LRG1 was increased in patients with STEMI at admission compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). In patients with STEMI, LRG1 varied at different time points (P < 0.001), which elevated from admission to D1, and gradually declined thereafter. LRG1 at admission was positively associated with Th17 cells (P = 0.001) and Th17/Treg ratio (P = 0.014). LRG1 at admission (P = 0.013), D1 (P = 0.034), D7 (P = 0.001), and D30 (P = 0.010) were increased in patients with MACE compared with those without. LRG1 at D7 exhibited good ability to estimate MACE risk (area under curve = 0.750, 95% confidence interval = 0.641-0.858). LRG1 at admission > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.031) and D7 > 60 μg/ml (P = 0.018) were linked with increased accumulating MACE. Importantly, LRG1 at D7 > 60 μg/ml was independently correlated with increased MACE risk (hazard ratio = 5.216, P = 0.033). Conclusion Plasma LRG1 increases from admission to D1 and gradually declines until D30, which positively links with Th17 cells and MACE risk in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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10
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Özer E, Yilmaz HE, Narin F, Sağlam M. The evaluation of salivary leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in humans with periodontal health or periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:387-394. [PMID: 38126217 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the salivary levels of leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in periodontal health and disease (gingivitis and stage III periodontitis) and also to compare the discriminative efficiencies of both biomarkers in periodontal disease. BACKGROUND LRG is a new acute-phase protein whose functions are still being investigated. LRG and CRP are both biomarkers that are increased by inflammation. No clinical study has yet investigated the comparison of the level of LRG and CRP in periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis in saliva samples. METHODS A total of 60 individuals, including 20 periodontally healthy (control group/group C), 20 with gingivitis (group G), and 20 with Stage III periodontitis (group P), who were systemically healthy and non-smokers, participated in this study. Periodontal charts were used for recording clinical periodontal parameters and saliva LRG and CRP levels were measured by ELISA. Analyzing the area under the curve (AUC) was performed by the receiver-operating characteristics curve. RESULTS Salivary levels of LRG and CRP were significantly higher in disease groups than in group C (p < .05). Positive statistically significant correlations were observed between both biomarkers and clinical parameters (p < .05). There was also a strong positive correlation between two biomarkers (p < .05). In distinguishing periodontal disease from periodontal health, LRG (AUC = 0.833) and CRP (AUC = 0.826) were found to have similar accuracy (p = .923). CONCLUSION LRG and CRP may be useful and similarly effective biomarkers in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases based on the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Özer
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huriye Erbak Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Figen Narin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sağlam
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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11
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Tomkins-Netzer O, Niederer R, Greenwood J, Fabian ID, Serlin Y, Friedman A, Lightman S. Mechanisms of blood-retinal barrier disruption related to intraocular inflammation and malignancy. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 99:101245. [PMID: 38242492 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) disruption is a common accompaniment of intermediate, posterior and panuveitis causing leakage into the retina and macular oedema resulting in vision loss. It is much less common in anterior uveitis or in patients with intraocular lymphoma who may have marked signs of intraocular inflammation. New drugs used for chemotherapy (cytarabine, immune checkpoint inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, bispecific anti-EGFR inhibitors, MET receptor inhibitors and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors) can also cause different types of uveitis and BRB disruption. As malignant disease itself can cause uveitis, particularly from breast, lung and gastrointestinal tract cancers, it can be clinically difficult to sort out the cause of BRB disruption. Immunosuppression due to malignant disease and/or chemotherapy can lead to infection which can also cause BRB disruption and intraocular infection. In this paper we address the pathophysiology of BRB disruption related to intraocular inflammation and malignancy, methods for estimating the extent and effect of the disruption and examine why some types of intraocular inflammation and malignancy cause BRB disruption and others do not. Understanding this may help sort and manage these patients, as well as devise future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Tomkins-Netzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, Haifa, Israel; Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Rachael Niederer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Te Whatu Ora, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ido Didi Fabian
- The Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yonatan Serlin
- Department of Medical Neuroscience and the Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alon Friedman
- Department of Medical Neuroscience and the Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, NS, Canada; Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Zlotowski Centre for Neuroscience, Ben- Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sue Lightman
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Chen J, Zhang Z, Feng L, Liu W, Wang X, Chen H, Zou H. Lrg1 silencing attenuates ischemia-reperfusion renal injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis through the TGFβ1- Smad1/5 signaling pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109892. [PMID: 38246328 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction in the processes of autophagy and apoptosis within renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEc) contributes to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the factors influencing this dysfunction remain unclear. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (Lrg1) plays a role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy and kidney fibrosis by modulating the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1)-Smad1/5/8 and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathways, respectively. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether Lrg1 is involved in the pathological mechanisms of renal IRI and whether its effects are related to the dysregulation of autophagy and apoptosis in RTEc. METHODS We conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments using CoCl2-induced hypoxic human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells and mice with renal IRI, respectively. Lrg1 was silenced using siRNA and lentiviral vectors in HK-2 cells and mouse kidneys. Rapamycin (Rapa) and methyladenine were applied to regulate autophagy in renal IRI models. RESULTS Increased Lrg1 expression was observed in hypoxic HK-2 cells and in the kidneys of mice with renal IRI. Silencing of Lrg1 through siRNA and lentiviral approaches restored autophagy and suppressed apoptosis in CoCl2-induced hypoxic HK-2 cells and renal IRI models. Additionally, reduced Lrg1 expression alleviated kidney damage caused by renal IRI. The downregulation of Lrg1 expression restrained the TGFβ-Smad1/5 signaling pathway in hypoxic-induced HK-2 cells and renal IRI by reducing ALK1 expression. Lastly, the enhancement of autophagy, achieved through Rapa treatment, provided protection against renal IRI in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Lrg1 silencing can be applied as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit the TGFβ1-Smad1/5 pathway, thereby enhancing autophagy and decreasing apoptosis in patients with acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zuoman Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Haishan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hequn Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Rockett T, Almahyawi M, Ghimire ML, Jonnalagadda A, Tagliaferro V, Seashols-Williams SJ, Bertino MF, Caputo GA, Reiner JE. Cluster-Enhanced Nanopore Sensing of Ovarian Cancer Marker Peptides in Urine. ACS Sens 2024; 9:860-869. [PMID: 38286995 PMCID: PMC10897939 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel methodologies that can detect biomarkers from cancer or other diseases is both a challenge and a need for clinical applications. This partly motivates efforts related to nanopore-based peptide sensing. Recent work has focused on the use of gold nanoparticles for selective detection of cysteine-containing peptides. Specifically, tiopronin-capped gold nanoparticles, trapped in the cis-side of a wild-type α-hemolysin nanopore, provide a suitable anchor for the attachment of cysteine-containing peptides. It was recently shown that the attachment of these peptides onto a nanoparticle yields unique current signatures that can be used to identify the peptide. In this article, we apply this technique to the detection of ovarian cancer marker peptides ranging in length from 8 to 23 amino acid residues. It is found that sequence variability complicates the detection of low-molecular-weight peptides (<10 amino acid residues), but higher-molecular-weight peptides yield complex, high-frequency current fluctuations. These fluctuations are characterized with chi-squared and autocorrelation analyses that yield significantly improved selectivity when compared to traditional open-pore analysis. We demonstrate that the technique is capable of detecting the only two cysteine-containing peptides from LRG-1, an emerging protein biomarker, that are uniquely present in the urine of ovarian cancer patients. We further demonstrate the detection of one of these LRG-1 peptides spiked into a sample of human female urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
W. Rockett
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Mohammed Almahyawi
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- King
Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madhav L. Ghimire
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Aashna Jonnalagadda
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Victoria Tagliaferro
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Sarah J. Seashols-Williams
- Department
of Forensic Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Massimo F. Bertino
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Gregory A. Caputo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Joseph E. Reiner
- Department
of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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14
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Zhao G, Xue L, Weiner AI, Gong N, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Gentile ME, Nottingham AN, Basil MC, Lin SM, Niethamer TK, Diamond JM, Bermudez CA, Cantu E, Han X, Cao Y, Alameh MG, Weissman D, Morrisey EE, Mitchell MJ, Vaughan AE. TGF-βR2 signaling coordinates pulmonary vascular repair after viral injury in mice and human tissue. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg6229. [PMID: 38295183 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg6229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of pulmonary vascular homeostasis is a central feature of viral pneumonia, wherein endothelial cell (EC) death and subsequent angiogenic responses are critical determinants of the outcome of severe lung injury. A more granular understanding of the fundamental mechanisms driving reconstitution of lung endothelium is necessary to facilitate therapeutic vascular repair. Here, we demonstrated that TGF-β signaling through TGF-βR2 (transforming growth factor-β receptor 2) is activated in pulmonary ECs upon influenza infection, and mice deficient in endothelial Tgfbr2 exhibited prolonged injury and diminished vascular repair. Loss of endothelial Tgfbr2 prevented autocrine Vegfa (vascular endothelial growth factor α) expression, reduced endothelial proliferation, and impaired renewal of aerocytes thought to be critical for alveolar gas exchange. Angiogenic responses through TGF-βR2 were attributable to leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1, a proangiogenic factor that counterbalances canonical angiostatic TGF-β signaling. Further, we developed a lipid nanoparticle that targets the pulmonary endothelium, Lung-LNP (LuLNP). Delivery of Vegfa mRNA, a critical TGF-βR2 downstream effector, by LuLNPs improved the impaired regeneration phenotype of EC Tgfbr2 deficiency during influenza injury. These studies defined a role for TGF-βR2 in lung endothelial repair and demonstrated efficacy of an efficient and safe endothelial-targeted LNP capable of delivering therapeutic mRNA cargo for vascular repair in influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ningqiang Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ana N Nottingham
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susan M Lin
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Terren K Niethamer
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua M Diamond
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christian A Bermudez
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xuexiang Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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15
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Ma L, Wang W, Zhao Y, Liu M, Ye W, Li X. Application of LRG mechanism in normal pressure hydrocephalus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23940. [PMID: 38223707 PMCID: PMC10784321 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a prevalent type of hydrocephalus, including secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus (SNPH) and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). However, its clinical diagnosis and pathological mechanism are still unclear. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein (LRG) is involved in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nervous system diseases. Now the physiological mechanism of LRG is still being explored. According to the current research results on LRG, we found that the agency of LRG has much to do with the known pathological process of NPH. This review focuses on analyzing the LRG signaling pathways and the pathological mechanism of NPH. According to the collected literature evidence, we speculated that LRG probably be involved in the pathological process of NPH. Finally, based on the mechanism of LRG and NPH, we also summarized the evidence of molecular targeted therapies for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Menghao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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16
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Essouma M. Autoimmune inflammatory myopathy biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117742. [PMID: 38176522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The autoimmune inflammatory myopathy disease spectrum, commonly known as myositis, is a group of systemic diseases that mainly affect the muscles, skin and lungs. Biomarker assessment helps in understanding disease mechanisms, allowing for the implementation of precise strategies in the classification, diagnosis, and management of these diseases. This review examines the pathogenic mechanisms and highlights current data on blood and tissue biomarkers of autoimmune inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Essouma
- Network of Immunity in Infections, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Cameroon
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17
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Hu W, Ge W, Xia P, Chen Y, Du J, Hu G, Wu Z, Zhang X, Yang C, Jiang J, Yang S, Xia J. Diagnostic Potential of Serum Glycome Analysis in Lung Cancer: A Glycopattern Study. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:500-509. [PMID: 38097511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, with high morbidity and mortality rates due to the lack of reliable methods for diagnosing lung cancer at an early stage. Low-dose computed tomography can help detect abnormal areas in the lungs, but only 16% of cases are diagnosed early. Tests for lung cancer markers are often employed to determine genetic expression or mutations in lung carcinogenesis. Serum glycome analysis is a promising new method for early lung cancer diagnosis as glycopatterns exhibit significant differences in lung cancer patients. In this study, we employed a solid-phase chemoenzymatic method to systematically compare glycopatterns in benign cases, adenocarcinoma before and after surgery, and advanced stages of adenocarcinoma. Our findings indicate that serum high-mannose levels are elevated in both benign cases and adenocarcinoma, while complex N-glycans, including fucose and 2,6-linked sialic acid, are downregulated in the serum. Subsequently, we developed an algorithm that utilizes 16 altered N-glycans, 7 upregulated and 9 downregulated, to generate a score based on their intensity. This score can predict the stages of cancer progression in patients through glycan characterization. This methodology offers a potential means of diagnosing lung cancer through serum glycome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Hu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Guangxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chuanlai Yang
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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18
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Jiang W, Zhang T, Qiu Y, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang Q, Min X, Ouyang L, Jia S, Lu Q, He Y, Zhao M. Keratinocyte-to-macrophage communication exacerbate psoriasiform dermatitis via LRG1-enriched extracellular vesicles. Theranostics 2024; 14:1049-1064. [PMID: 38250043 PMCID: PMC10797285 DOI: 10.7150/thno.89180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Macrophage-associated inflammation and keratinocytes excessive proliferation and inflammatory cytokines secretion induced by stimulation play an important role in the progression of psoriasiform dermatitis. However, how these two types of cells communicate remains obscure. Methods: We induced a mouse model with experimental psoriasiform dermatitis by Imiquimod (IMQ). To investigate whether damaged keratinocytes promote macrophage polarization and accelerate skin lesions by releasing extracellular vesicle (EV), purified EV were isolated from the primary epidermis of 5-day IMQ-induced psoriasiform dermatitis model mice, and then fluorescence-labeled the EV with PKH67. The EV was injected into the skin of mice treated with IMQ or vehicle 2 days in situ. In addition, we established a co-culture system of the human monocytic cell line (THP-1) and HaCaT, and THP-1/HaCaT conditioned media culture model in vitro respectively. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1)-enriched EV on macrophage activation. Results: We demonstrated macrophages can significantly promote keratinocyte inflammation and macrophage polarization may be mediated by intercellular communication with keratinocytes. Interestingly, IMQ-induced 5-day, keratinocyte-derived EV recruited macrophage and enhanced the progression of skin lesions. Similar to results in vivo, EV released from M5-treated HaCaT significantly promotes Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression of THP-1 cells. Importantly, we found that LRG1-enriched EV regulates macrophages via TGF beta Receptor 1 (TGFβR1) dependent process. Conclusion: Our findings indicated a novel mechanism for promoting psoriasiform dermatitis, which could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueqi Qiu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianmei Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Min
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianlian Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sujie Jia
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Cheng X, Wei H, Liu Y, Sun Y, Ye J, Lu P, Han B. Relation between LRG1 and CD4 + T cells, cognitive impairment and neurological function in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Biomark Med 2024; 18:5-14. [PMID: 38380988 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the relationship between LRG1 and CD4+ T cells, cognitive impairment and neurological function in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: Plasma LRG1 was detected by ELISA in 175 patients with AIS at baseline, day (D) 1, D7, month (M) 1 and M3. Results: LRG1 was negatively related to Th2 and Treg cells and positively linked to Th17 (all p < 0.05). LRG1 increased from baseline to D1, then decreased until M3 (p < 0.001). LRG1 at each assessment point was increased in patients with cognitive impairment or poor neurological function at M3 versus those without (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: LRG1 is linked to decreased Th2 and Tregs, increased Th17, cognitive impairment and nonideal neurological function recovery in patients with AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Control, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030009, China
| | - Hongen Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Control, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030009, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
| | - Yaxuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
| | - Jianxin Ye
- Department of Neurology, The 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Pengyu Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University (Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University), Taiyuan, 030009, China
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20
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Marques IS, Tavares V, Savva-Bordalo J, Rei M, Liz-Pimenta J, de Melo IG, Assis J, Pereira D, Medeiros R. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Bridging Cancer-Associated Thrombosis and Clinical Outcome of Ovarian Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:140. [PMID: 38203310 PMCID: PMC10778953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) have a close relationship, in which tumour cells surpass the haemostatic system to drive cancer progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in VTE pathogenesis, yet their roles in cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) and their prognostic value are unexplored. Understanding how these lncRNAs influence venous thrombogenesis and ovarian tumorigenesis may lead to the identification of valuable biomarkers for VTE and OC management. Thus, this study evaluated the impact of five lncRNAs, namely MALAT1, TUG1, NEAT1, XIST and MEG8, on a cohort of 40 OC patients. Patients who developed VTE after OC diagnosis had worse overall survival compared to their counterparts (log-rank test, p = 0.028). Elevated pre-chemotherapy MEG8 levels in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) predicted VTE after OC diagnosis (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.037; Χ2 test, p = 0.033). In opposition, its low levels were linked to a higher risk of OC progression (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3.00; p = 0.039). Furthermore, low pre-chemotherapy NEAT1 levels in PBCs were associated with a higher risk of death (aHR = 6.25; p = 0.008). As for the remaining lncRNAs, no significant association with VTE incidence, OC progression or related mortality was observed. Future investigation with external validation in larger cohorts is needed to dissect the implications of the evaluated lncRNAs in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Soares Marques
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (I.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto (FCUP), 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valéria Tavares
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (I.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Savva-Bordalo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.-B.); (D.P.)
| | - Mariana Rei
- Department of Gynaecology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joana Liz-Pimenta
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CHTMAD), 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Inês Guerra de Melo
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (I.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joana Assis
- Clinical Research Unit, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Deolinda Pereira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.S.-B.); (D.P.)
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Clinical Pathology SV/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (I.S.M.); (V.T.); (I.G.d.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Research Department, Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
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21
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Grzesiak L, Amaya-Garrido A, Feuillet G, Malet N, Swiader A, Sarthou MK, Wahart A, Ramel D, Gayral S, Schanstra JP, Klein J, Laffargue M. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 Accumulates in Complicated Atherosclerosis and Promotes Calcification. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16537. [PMID: 38003727 PMCID: PMC10671851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease. The development of plaque complications, such as calcification and neo-angiogenesis, strongly impacts plaque stability and is a good predictor of mortality in patients with atherosclerosis. Despite well-known risk factors of plaque complications, such as diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We and others have identified that the concentration of circulating leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was increased in diabetic and chronic kidney disease patients. Using apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE-/-) (fed with Western diet) that developed advanced atherosclerosis and using human carotid endarterectomy, we showed that LRG1 accumulated into an atherosclerotic plaque, preferentially in calcified areas. We then investigated the possible origin of LRG1 and its functions on vascular cells and found that LRG1 expression was specifically enhanced in endothelial cells via inflammatory mediators and not in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Moreover, we identified that LRG1 was able to induce calcification and SMAD1/5-signaling pathways in VSMC. In conclusion, our results identified for the first time that LRG1 is a direct contributor to vascular calcification and suggest a role of this molecule in the development of plaque complications in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Grzesiak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Amaya-Garrido
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Guylène Feuillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Malet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Swiader
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Kerguelen Sarthou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Amandine Wahart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Ramel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Gayral
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Joost Peter Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Laffargue
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Biology, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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22
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Zhang Q, Chen M, Xu F, Wu W, Luo X, Wang Y, Li J, Cui X, Tan Y, Li Z, Lin Y, Zhang H, Wang W. One-pot preparation of bi-functional POSS-based hybrid monolith via photo-initiated polymerization for isolation of extracellular vesicles. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341785. [PMID: 37827681 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important participants in numerous pathophysiological processes, and could be used as valuable biomarkers to detect and monitor various diseases. However, facile EV isolation methods are the essential and preliminary issue for their downstream analysis and function investigation. In this work, a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) based hybrid monolith combined metal affinity chromatography (MAC) and distearoyl phospholipid ethanolamine (DSPE) function was developed via photo-initiated thiol-ene polymerization. This synthesis process was facile, simple and convenient, and the obtained hybrid monolith could be applied to efficiently isolate EVs from bio-samples by taking advantages of the specific bond of Ti4+ and phosphate groups on the phospholipid membrane of EVs and the synergistic effect of DSPE insertion. Meanwhile, the eluted EVs could maintain their structural integrity and biological activity, suggesting they could be used for downstream application. Furthermore, 75 up-regulated proteins and 56 down-regulated proteins were identified by comparing the urinary EVs of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and healthy donors, and these proteins might be used as potential biomarkers for early screening of CRC. These results demonstrated that this hybrid monolith could be used as a simple and convenient tool for isolating EVs from bio-samples and for wider applications in biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengxi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wen Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xintong Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Taichang Liuhe People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215431, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xuanhao Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yujia Tan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yujie Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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23
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Chung JO, Park SY, Cho DH, Chung DJ, Chung MY. Relationship between plasma leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 and urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1232021. [PMID: 37916147 PMCID: PMC10617030 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1232021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To explore the relationship between plasma leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) level and the degree of urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We evaluated 332 patients with type 2 diabetes in a cross-sectional study. Result The plasma LRG1 level differed significantly according to the quartiles of urinary albumin excretion (Q1 [<7.7 mg/g], 17.1 μg/mL; Q2 [7.7-15.0 mg/g], 17.5 μg/mL; Q3 [15.1-61.4 mg/g], 18.6 μg/mL; Q4 [≥61.5 mg/g], 22.3 μg/mL; p for trend = 0.003) under adjustment with other covariates. A positive correlation was found between plasma LRG1 level and urinary albumin excretion (ρ = 0.256, p <0.001). According to a multivariate model, the association between LRG1 and urinary albumin excretion remained significant, under adjustment for confounding factors (β = 0.285, p <0.001). Conclusion Plasma LRG1 level was independently associated with urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study suggests that LRG1 may be associated with increased excretion of urinary albumin in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ook Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeok Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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24
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Saiki T, Torisu T, Harada A, Kajiya Y, Taniguchi Y, Morisaki S, Umeno J, Suekane H, Kitazono T. Usefulness of Serum Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein as a Surrogate Marker of Small Bowel Mucosal Injury in Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Intest Dis 2023; 8:69-76. [PMID: 37901342 PMCID: PMC10601960 DOI: 10.1159/000531622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the importance of mucosal healing has been suggested in Crohn's disease, it is difficult to repeat endoscopy, especially for the entire small bowel. Recently, serum leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) has been used as a surrogate marker of endoscopy. However, few studies have investigated a correlation between LRG and mucosal injury of the entire small bowel. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 30 patients with Crohn's disease from June 2020 to August 2022 at Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital. All the patients were surveyed through the gastrointestinal tract by esophagogastroduodenoscopy, total colonoscopy, and capsule endoscopy (CE). Subjects with mucosal injury only in the small bowel were selected. Then, we assessed the relationship between serum biomarkers (LRG, C-reactive protein [CRP], hemoglobin, albumin) and small bowel mucosal injury scores (Lewis score [LS], Capsule Endoscopy Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CECDAI], and Crohn's Disease Activity in Capsule Endoscopy [CDACE]) calculated by CE. Results LRG and CRP were significantly correlated with small bowel mucosal injury scores (LS, CECDAI, CDACE) (p < 0.05, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). The degree of correlation was greater for LRG than for CRP. Conclusions LRG is a useful surrogate marker that closely reflects small bowel mucosal injury in the entire small bowel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Saiki
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takehiro Torisu
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Harada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yu Kajiya
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Taniguchi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shinji Morisaki
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Junji Umeno
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suekane
- Division of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi Red Cross Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Park HN, Song MJ, Choi YE, Lee DH, Chung JH, Lee ST. LRG1 Promotes ECM Integrity by Activating the TGF-β Signaling Pathway in Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12445. [PMID: 37569820 PMCID: PMC10418909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) mediates skin repair and fibrosis by stimulating the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. In the present study, we investigated the effect of LRG1 on extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity in fibroblasts, as well as on skin aging. The treatment of dermal fibroblasts with purified recombinant human LRG1 increased type I collagen secretion and decreased matrix metalloproteinase-1 secretion. Additionally, LRG1 promoted SMAD2/SMAD3 phosphorylation in a pattern similar to that of TGF-β1 treatment. An inhibitor of TGF-β receptor 1 abolished LRG1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation. RNA sequencing identified "extracellular region", "extracellular space", and "extracellular matrix" as the main Gene Ontology terms in the differentially expressed genes of fibroblasts treated with or without LRG1. LRG1 increased TGF-β1 mRNA levels, suggesting that LRG1 partially transactivates the expression of TGF-β1. Furthermore, an increased expression of type I collagen was also observed in fibroblasts grown in three-dimensional cultures on a collagen gel mimicking the dermis. LRG1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in elderly human skin tissues with weakened ECM integrity compared to in young human skin tissues. Taken together, our results suggest that LRG1 could retard skin aging by activating the TGF-β signaling pathway, increasing ECM deposition while decreasing its degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Min Ji Song
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Young Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
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Kaçmaz M, Oğuzman H. The Leucine-Rich α2-Glycoprotein-1 Levels in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Oncol Res Treat 2023; 46:415-423. [PMID: 37527638 DOI: 10.1159/000532042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is considered important in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), as well as in the targeted treatment of the disease. Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a protein that participates in angiogenesis and its effect on solid organ tumors has been investigated recently. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MM and LRG1. METHODS The MM patients who admitted to Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hematology Clinic between September 2021 and October 2022 were included in the study. The study consists of a total of 4 groups: newly diagnosed MM (NDMM), relapsed refractory MM (RRMM), MM in remission (Rem-MM), and control group. Demographic data were retrieved from hospital records. Blood samples of our study groups were centrifuged at 1,500 × g for 10 min and serum was collected. LRG1, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, FGF-2, and VEGF levels were analyzed in all groups by ELISA method, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 112 individuals, including NDMM (n: 27), RRMM (n: 18), Rem-MM (n: 42), and control group (n: 25), were enrolled in the study. Based on the analyses, the NDMM group exhibited significantly elevated levels of LRG1 (p < 0.001), TGF-1 (p < 0.001), and HIF-1α (p = 0.046, p < 0.001, and p = 0.003 compared to the RRMM, Rem-MM, and control groups, respectively) compared to the other groups. LRG1 levels were positively correlated with creatinine (r: 0.363, p = 0.001), calcium (r: 0.344, p = 0.001), total protein (r: 0.473, p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r: 0.547, p < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (r: 0.321, p = 0.003), beta-2-microglobulin (r: 0.312, p = 0.017), IL-6 (r: 0.478, p < 0.001), IL-8 (r: 0.240, p = 0.03), TGF-β1 (r: 0.521, p < 0.001), and HIF-1α (r: 0.321, p = 0.003) levels and were negatively correlated with hemoglobin (r: -0.512, p < 0.001) and albumin (r: -0.549, p < 0.001) levels. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed the association of LRG1 with the highest AUC value of 0.959 (95% CI: 0.904-1, p < 0.001) and the optimal cut-off value of 534.95 ng/mL (sensitivity: 93% and specificity: 99%) in the NDMM group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION In this study, providing data for the first time on LRG1 levels in the setting of MM. LRG1 levels were found to be significantly higher in NDMM patients and in our study discriminate this patient population from RRMM, Rem-MM, and normal controls. Therefore, LRG1 seems to a potential biomarker that should be evaluated in future studies addressing the diagnosis, staging, follow-up, prognosis, and treatment target of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kaçmaz
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Oğuzman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
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Dai G, Sun Y, Wei R, Xi L. Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycan PODNL1 Identified as a Potential Tumor Matrix-Mediated Biomarker for Prognosis and Immunotherapy in a Pan-Cancer Setting. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6116-6139. [PMID: 37504302 PMCID: PMC10378008 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The podocan-like protein 1 (PODNL1), an important member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) family, is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). But its prognostic values and the role in the TME have not been systematically estimated in a pan-cancer setting. Targeting PODNL1, a systematic exploration into the TCGA datasets, reconciling with the analyses of single-cell transcriptomes and immunotherapeutic cohorts in cancers, and validation by tissue microarray-based multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed. PODNL1 was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis and immunotherapeutic responses in various cancers. In-depth demonstration of molecular mechanisms indicated that PODNL1 expressions were notably positively correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration levels in 33 types of cancers. It also positively correlated with the pan-fibroblast TGF-β response signature score, and the hallmarks including TGF-β, TNF-α, inflammatory response, apical junction, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and hedgehog in pan-cancer. Furthermore, high PODNL1 expressions were positively related with the regulation of tumor-promoting TGF-β signaling through downregulating SMAD2/3:4 heterotrimer regulations transcription and up-regulating the pathway restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Single-cell transcriptome analyses and immunofluorescence validations indicated that PODNL1 was predominantly expressed in the cancer cells and CAFs in various cancers. Additionally, the heterogeneity of cancer genotype-phenotype cross-talking was also observed associated with PODNL1. Our systematic study indicates that PODNL1 plays an important role in the complex regulation network of tumor progression, and lays a foundation for further exploration to develop PODNL1 as a valuable matrix-mediated biomarker for cancer immunotherapy and prognosis in a pan-cancer setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Dai
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ling Xi
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Alhammad R, Abu-Farha M, Rahman A, Thanaraj TA, Shaban L, Alsabah R, Hamad S, Hammad MM, Channanath A, Al-Mulla F, Abubaker J. LRG1 Associates with Iron Deficiency Anemia Markers in Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 15:3100. [PMID: 37513518 PMCID: PMC10384480 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein1 (LRG1) has been shown to be associated with several health conditions; however, its association with iron deficiency anemia, especially in children, has not been previously explored. In this study, we investigated the association between LRG1 and several iron deficiency anemia markers, including hemoglobin (Hb), albumin, red cell distribution width (RDW), iron, ferritin, and Hb transferrin saturation. A total of 431 participants were included in this analysis aged between 11 and 14 years. Higher LRG1 levels were observed in children diagnosed with anemia [31.1 (24.6, 43.2) µg/mL] compared to non-anemic children [29.2 (22.7-35.95) µg/mL]. Statistically significant differences of LRG1 level across the three groups (tertiles) of Hb, iron, transferrin saturation, albumin, RDW, ferritin, and WBC were observed. Strong negative correlations were observed between LRG1 and Hb (Spearman's rho = -0.11, p = 0.021), albumin (Spearman's rho = -0.24, p < 0.001), iron (Spearman's rho = -0.25, p < 0.001), and Hb transferrin saturation (Spearman's rho = -0.24, p < 0.001), whereas circulating LRG1 levels were positively associated with RDW (Spearman's rho = 0.21, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time the strong association between iron deficiency anemia markers and LRG1 in otherwise healthy school-aged children. However, further studies are needed to corroborate those results and to look for similar associations in other population subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Alhammad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Lemia Shaban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Reem Alsabah
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Samar Hamad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
| | - Maha M Hammad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
| | - Arshad Channanath
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait
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Giloteaux L, Li J, Hornig M, Lipkin WI, Ruppert D, Hanson MR. Proteomics and cytokine analyses distinguish myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome cases from controls. J Transl Med 2023; 21:322. [PMID: 37179299 PMCID: PMC10182359 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, heterogenous disease characterized by unexplained persistent fatigue and other features including cognitive impairment, myalgias, post-exertional malaise, and immune system dysfunction. Cytokines are present in plasma and encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs), but there have been only a few reports of EV characteristics and cargo in ME/CFS. Several small studies have previously described plasma proteins or protein pathways that are associated with ME/CFS. METHODS We prepared extracellular vesicles (EVs) from frozen plasma samples from a cohort of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) cases and controls with prior published plasma cytokine and plasma proteomics data. The cytokine content of the plasma-derived extracellular vesicles was determined by a multiplex assay and differences between patients and controls were assessed. We then performed multi-omic statistical analyses that considered not only this new data, but extensive clinical data describing the health of the subjects. RESULTS ME/CFS cases exhibited greater size and concentration of EVs in plasma. Assays of cytokine content in EVs revealed IL2 was significantly higher in cases. We observed numerous correlations among EV cytokines, among plasma cytokines, and among plasma proteins from mass spectrometry proteomics. Significant correlations between clinical data and protein levels suggest roles of particular proteins and pathways in the disease. For example, higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (CSF2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFα) were correlated with greater physical and fatigue symptoms in ME/CFS cases. Higher serine protease SERPINA5, which is involved in hemostasis, was correlated with higher SF-36 general health scores in ME/CFS. Machine learning classifiers were able to identify a list of 20 proteins that could discriminate between cases and controls, with XGBoost providing the best classification with 86.1% accuracy and a cross-validated AUROC value of 0.947. Random Forest distinguished cases from controls with 79.1% accuracy and an AUROC value of 0.891 using only 7 proteins. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to the substantial number of objective differences in biomolecules that have been identified in individuals with ME/CFS. The observed correlations of proteins important in immune responses and hemostasis with clinical data further implicates a disturbance of these functions in ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Giloteaux
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 323 Biotechnology Building, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jiayin Li
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mady Hornig
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Ruppert
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Maureen R Hanson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 323 Biotechnology Building, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Yang J, Yin GN, Kim DK, Han AR, Lee DS, Min KW, Fu Y, Yun J, Suh JK, Ryu JK, Kim HM. Crystal structure of LRG1 and the functional significance of LRG1 glycan for LPHN2 activation. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-00992-4. [PMID: 37121976 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The serum glycoprotein leucine-rich ɑ-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), primarily produced by hepatocytes and neutrophils, is a multifunctional protein that modulates various signaling cascades, mainly TGFβ signaling. Serum LRG1 and neutrophil-derived LRG1 have different molecular weights due to differences in glycosylation, but the impact of the differential glycan composition in LRG1 on its cellular function is largely unknown. We previously reported that LRG1 can promote both angiogenic and neurotrophic processes under hyperglycemic conditions by interacting with LPHN2. Here, we determined the crystal structure of LRG1, identifying the horseshoe-like solenoid structure of LRG1 and its four N-glycosylation sites. In addition, our biochemical and cell-biological analyses found that the deglycosylation of LRG1, particularly the removal of glycans on N325, is critical for the high-affinity binding of LRG1 to LPHN2 and thus promotes LRG1/LPHN2-mediated angiogenic and neurotrophic processes in mouse tissue explants, even under normal glucose conditions. Moreover, the intracavernous administration of deglycosylated LRG1 in a diabetic mouse model ameliorated vascular and neurological abnormalities and restored erectile function. Collectively, these data indicate a novel role of LRG1 glycans as molecular switches that can tune the range of LRG1's cellular functions, particularly the LRG1/LPHN2 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yang
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Kyun Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sun Lee
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Wook Min
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaoyao Fu
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Yun
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Min Kim
- Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Verathamjamras C, Chantaraamporn J, Sornprachum T, Mutapat P, Chokchaichamnankit D, Mingkwan K, Luevisadpibul V, Srisomsap C, Chutipongtanate S, Svasti J, Champattanachai V. Label-free quantitative proteomics reveals aberrant expression levels of LRG, C9, FN, A1AT and AGP1 in the plasma of patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37024778 PMCID: PMC10077704 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Although commercial biomarkers of CRC are currently available, they are still lacking in terms of sensitivity and specificity; thus, searching for reliable blood-based biomarkers are important for the primary screening of CRC. METHODS Plasma samples of patients with non-metastatic (NM) and metastatic (M) CRC and healthy controls were fractionated using MARS-14 immunoaffinity chromatography. The flow-through and elute fractions representing low- and high-abundant proteins, respectively, were analyzed by label-free quantitative proteomics mass spectrometry. The functional analysis of the proteins with greater than 1.5-fold differential expression level between the CRC and the healthy control groups were analyzed for their biological processes and molecular functions. In addition, the levels of plasma proteins showing large alterations in CRC patients were confirmed by immunoblotting using two independent cohorts. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for individual and combinations of biomarker candidates so as to evaluate the diagnostic performance of biomarker candidates. RESULTS From 163 refined identifications, five proteins were up-regulated and two proteins were down-regulated in NM-CRC while eight proteins were up-regulated and three proteins were down-regulated in M-CRC, respectively. Altered plasma proteins in NM-CRC were mainly involved in complement activation, while those in M-CRC were clustered in acute-phase response, complement activation, and inflammatory response. Results from the study- and validation-cohorts indicate that the levels of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1(LRG), complement component C9 (C9), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), and alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) were statistically increased, while fibronectin (FN) level was statistically decreased in CRC patients compared to healthy controls, with most alterations found in a metastatic stage-dependent manner. ROC analysis revealed that FN exhibited the best diagnostic performance to discriminate CRC patients and healthy controls while AGP1 showed the best discrimination between the disease stages in both cohorts. The combined biomarker candidates, FN + A1AT + AGP1, exhibited perfect discriminatory power to discriminate between the CRC population and healthy controls whereas LRG + A1AT + AGP1 was likely to be the best panel to discriminate the metastatic stages in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS This study identified and quantified distinct plasma proteome profiles of CRC patients. Selected CRC biomarker candidates including FN, LRG, C9, A1AT, and AGP1 may be further applied for screening larger cohorts including disease groups from other types of cancer or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Photsathorn Mutapat
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanokwan Mingkwan
- Division of Surgery, Sapphasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Virat Luevisadpibul
- Division of Information and Technology, Ubonrak Thonburi Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | | | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Applied Biological Science Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Voraratt Champattanachai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Applied Biological Science Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Shahanoor Z, Sciortino R, Nazarzoda O, Racchumi G, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Brain and blood single-cell transcriptomics in acute and subacute phases after experimental stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.31.535150. [PMID: 37066298 PMCID: PMC10103945 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.535150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia triggers a powerful inflammatory reaction involving both peripheral leukocytes and brain resident cells. Recent evidence indicates that their differentiation into a variety of functional phenotypes contributes to both tissue injury and repair. However, the temporal dynamics and diversity of post-stroke immune cell subsets remain poorly understood. To address these limitations, we performed a longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic study of both brain and mouse blood to obtain a composite picture of brain-infiltrating leukocytes, circulating leukocytes, microglia and endothelium diversity over the ischemic/reperfusion time. Brain cells and blood leukocytes isolated from mice 2 or 14 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery were purified by FACS sorting and processed for droplet-based single-cell transcriptomics. The analysis revealed a strong divergence of post-ischemic microglia, macrophages, and neutrophils over time, while such diversity was less evident in dendritic cells, B, T and NK cells. Conversely, brain endothelial cells and brain associated-macrophages showed altered transcriptomic signatures at 2 days post-stroke, but low divergence from sham at day 14. Pseudotime trajectory inference predicted the in-situ longitudinal progression of monocyte-derived macrophages from their blood precursors into day 2 and day 14 phenotypes, while microglia phenotypes at these two time points were not connected. In contrast to monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils were predicted to be continuously de-novo recruited from the blood. Brain single-cell transcriptomics from both female and male aged mice did not show major changes in respect to young mice, but aged and young brains differed in their immune cell composition. Furthermore, blood leukocyte analysis also revealed altered transcriptomes after stroke. However, brain-infiltrating leukocytes displayed higher transcriptomic divergence than their circulating counterparts, indicating that phenotypic diversification into cellular subsets occurs within the brain in the early and the recovery phase of ischemic stroke. In addition, this resource report contains a searchable database https://anratherlab.shinyapps.io/strokevis/ to allow user-friendly access to our data. The StrokeVis tool constitutes a comprehensive gene expression atlas that can be interrogated at the gene and cell type level to explore the transcriptional changes of endothelial and immune cell subsets from mouse brain and blood after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Garcia-Bonilla
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Ziasmin Shahanoor
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Rose Sciortino
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Omina Nazarzoda
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gianfranco Racchumi
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Josef Anrather
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
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Maity S, Mayer MG, Shu Q, Linh H, Bao D, Blair RV, He Y, Lyon CJ, Hu TY, Fischer T, Fan J. Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Markers Indicate Neuro-Damage in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Nonhuman Primates. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100523. [PMID: 36870567 PMCID: PMC9981268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurologic manifestations are among the most frequently reported complications of COVID-19. However, given the paucity of tissue samples and the highly infectious nature of the etiologic agent of COVID-19, we have limited information to understand the neuropathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the brain, we used mass-spectrometry-based proteomics with a data-independent acquisition mode to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins collected from two different nonhuman primates, Rhesus Macaque and African Green Monkeys, for the neurologic effects of the infection. These monkeys exhibited minimal to mild pulmonary pathology but moderate to severe central nervous system (CNS) pathology. Our results indicated that CSF proteome changes after infection resolution corresponded with bronchial virus abundance during early infection and revealed substantial differences between the infected nonhuman primates and their age-matched uninfected controls, suggesting these differences could reflect altered secretion of CNS factors in response to SARS-CoV-2-induced neuropathology. We also observed the infected animals exhibited highly scattered data distributions compared to their corresponding controls indicating the heterogeneity of the CSF proteome change and the host response to the viral infection. Dysregulated CSF proteins were preferentially enriched in functional pathways associated with progressive neurodegenerative disorders, hemostasis, and innate immune responses that could influence neuroinflammatory responses following COVID-19. Mapping these dysregulated proteins to the Human Brain Protein Atlas found that they tended to be enriched in brain regions that exhibit more frequent injury following COVID-19. It, therefore, appears reasonable to speculate that such CSF protein changes could serve as signatures for neurologic injury, identify important regulatory pathways in this process, and potentially reveal therapeutic targets to prevent or attenuate the development of neurologic injuries following COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Maity
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Meredith G Mayer
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Qingbo Shu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hellmers Linh
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Duran Bao
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Robert V Blair
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yanlin He
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher J Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tracy Fischer
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jia Fan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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Abazari O, Shakibaee A, Shahriary A, Arabzadeh E, Hofmeister M. Hepatoprotective effects of moderate-intensity interval training along with ginger juice in an old male rat model. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:437-452. [PMID: 36692542 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process coupled with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, gradually associated with losing organ function over time. Therefore, the objective of the current work was to peruse the protective effects of 8-week moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and ginger extract supplementation on some biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism in the liver of elderly males Wistar rats (animal study with ethical code IR.BMSU.REC.1401.015). A total of thirty-two 22-month-aged male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) control, (2) MIIT, (3) ginger, and (4) MIIT + ginger. After 8 weeks of treadmill training and ginger extract supplementation, the biochemical parameters (liver enzyme and lipid profile), inflammatory mediators (leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6), pro-oxidant (malondialdehyde), antioxidant biomarkers (catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity), some lipid metabolism regulators (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, adipose triglyceride lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, CD36, and AMP-activated protein kinase), and liver histopathological changes were appraised. The acquired findings pointed out that MIIT combined with ginger extract appreciably diminished the serum levels of LRG1, liver enzymes, and lipid profile relative to the other groups after 8 weeks of intervention. Furthermore, ginger + MIIT caused a great improvement in the liver levels of antioxidant biomarkers, pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory biomarkers, lipid metabolism regulators, and liver tissue impairment compared to the other groups. The findings suggested that MIIT + ginger was more effective in improving examined indices relative to the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Abazari
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shakibaee
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Shahriary
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Martin Hofmeister
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Consumer Centre of the German Federal State of Bavaria, Munich, Germany
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Besa E, Tembo MJ, Mulenga C, Mweetwa M, Choudhry N, Chandwe K, Storer C, Head R, Amadi B, Haritunians T, McGovern D, Kwenda G, Peiris M, Kelly P. Potential determinants of low circulating glucagon-like peptide 2 concentrations in Zambian children with non-responsive stunting. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:568-580. [PMID: 36744850 PMCID: PMC10103869 DOI: 10.1113/ep090492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Non-responsive stunting is characterised by a progressive decline of circulating glucagon-like peptide 2: what are the possible causes of this decline? What is the main finding and its importance? In contrast with the established loss of Paneth and goblet cells in environmental enteropathy, there was no evidence of a parallel loss of enteroendocrine cells as seen by positive tissue staining for chromogranin A. Transcriptomic and genomic analyses showed evidence of genetic transcripts that could account for some of the variability seen in circulating glucagon-like peptide 2 values. ABSTRACT Nutrient sensing determines digestive and hormonal responses following nutrient ingestion. We have previously reported decreased levels of glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) in children with stunting. Here we demonstrate the presence of enteroendocrine cells in stunted children and explore potential pathways that may be involved in reduced circulating levels of GLP-2. At the time of performing diagnostic endoscopies for non-responsive stunted children, intestinal biopsies were collected for immunofluorescence staining of enteroendocrine cells and transcriptomic analysis. Circulating levels of GLP-2 were also measured and correlated with transcriptomic data. An exploratory genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on DNA samples (n = 158) to assess genetic contribution to GLP-2 variability. Intestinal tissue sections collected from non-responsive stunted children stained positive for chromogranin A (88/89), alongside G-protein-coupled receptors G-protein receptor 119 (75/87), free fatty acid receptor 3 (76/89) and taste 1 receptor 1 (39/45). Transcriptomic analysis found three pathways correlated with circulating GLP-2: sugar metabolism, epithelial transport, and barrier function, which likely reflect downstream events following receptor-ligand interaction. GWAS analysis revealed potential genetic contributions to GLP-2 half-life and receptor binding. Enteroendocrine cell loss was not identified in stunted Zambian children as has been observed for goblet and Paneth cells. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that GLP-2 has pleiotrophic actions on the intestinal mucosa in malnutrition, but further work is needed to dissect pathways leading to perturbations in nutrient sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Besa
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Mizinga Jacqueline Tembo
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Chola Mulenga
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Monica Mweetwa
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Naheed Choudhry
- Blizard Institute, Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Kanta Chandwe
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Chad Storer
- Genome Technology Access Center at McDonnell Genome InstituteWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA
| | - Richard Head
- Genome Technology Access Center at McDonnell Genome InstituteWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA
| | - Beatrice Amadi
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Talin Haritunians
- Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterInflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research InstituteLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Dermot McGovern
- Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterInflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research InstituteLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Geoffrey Kwenda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health SciencesUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Madusha Peiris
- Blizard Institute, Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Paul Kelly
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group, School of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
- Blizard Institute, Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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Identification of Novel Core Genes Involved in Malignant Transformation of Inflamed Colon Tissue Using a Computational Biology Approach and Verification in Murine Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054311. [PMID: 36901742 PMCID: PMC10001800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and multifactorial systemic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract and is strongly associated with the development of colorectal cancer. Despite extensive studies of IBD pathogenesis, the molecular mechanism of colitis-driven tumorigenesis is not yet fully understood. In the current animal-based study, we report a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of multiple transcriptomics datasets from the colon tissue of mice with acute colitis and colitis-associated cancer (CAC). We performed intersection of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), their functional annotation, reconstruction, and topology analysis of gene association networks, which, when combined with the text mining approach, revealed that a set of key overexpressed genes involved in the regulation of colitis (C3, Tyrobp, Mmp3, Mmp9, Timp1) and CAC (Timp1, Adam8, Mmp7, Mmp13) occupied hub positions within explored colitis- and CAC-related regulomes. Further validation of obtained data in murine models of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and azoxymethane/DSS-stimulated CAC fully confirmed the association of revealed hub genes with inflammatory and malignant lesions of colon tissue and demonstrated that genes encoding matrix metalloproteinases (acute colitis: Mmp3, Mmp9; CAC: Mmp7, Mmp13) can be used as a novel prognostic signature for colorectal neoplasia in IBD. Finally, using publicly available transcriptomics data, translational bridge interconnecting of listed colitis/CAC-associated core genes with the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and colorectal cancer in humans was identified. Taken together, a set of key genes playing a core function in colon inflammation and CAC was revealed, which can serve both as promising molecular markers and therapeutic targets to control IBD and IBD-associated colorectal neoplasia.
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Liu JJ, Liu S, Wang J, Pek SL, Lee J, Gurung RL, Ang K, Shao YM, Tavintharan S, Tang WE, Sum CF, Lim SC. Urine Leucine-Rich α-2 Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) Predicts the Risk of Progression to End-Stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:408-415. [PMID: 36516193 PMCID: PMC9887617 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was recently identified as an amplifier of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced kidney fibrosis in animal models. We aimed to study whether urine LRG1 is associated with risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1,837 participants with type 2 diabetes and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were recruited from a regional hospital and a primary care facility. Association of urine LRG1 with risk of ESKD (progression to sustained eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2, dialysis, or death resulting from renal causes) was assessed by survival analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.6 (interquartile range 5.8-9.6) years, 134 incident ESKD events were identified. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, participants with baseline urine LRG1 in the highest tertile had a 1.91-fold (95% CI 1.04-3.50) increased risk of progression to ESKD, after adjustment for cardiorenal risk factors, including eGFR and albuminuria. As a continuous variable, 1 SD increment in urine LRG1 was associated with a 1.53-fold (95% CI 1.19-1.98) adjusted risk of ESKD. Of note, the association of urine LRG1 with ESKD was independent of plasma LRG1. Moreover, urine LRG1 was associated with rapid kidney function decline and progression to macroalbuminuria, two common pathways leading to ESKD. CONCLUSIONS Urine LRG1, a TGF-β signaling modulator, predicts risk of progression to ESKD independently of clinical risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that it may be a novel factor involved in the pathophysiological pathway leading to kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jiexun Wang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Janus Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yi Ming Shao
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Center, Admiralty Medical Center, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Center, Admiralty Medical Center, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Heath, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Corresponding author: Su Chi Lim,
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Wang D, Kumar V, Burnham KL, Mentzer AJ, Marsden B, Knight JC. COMBATdb: a database for the COVID-19 Multi-Omics Blood ATlas. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:D896-D905. [PMID: 36353986 PMCID: PMC9825482 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of the nature of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how this varies within and between individuals, is important in efforts to develop targeted therapies and precision medicine approaches. Here we present a database for the COvid-19 Multi-omics Blood ATlas (COMBAT) project, COMBATdb (https://db.combat.ox.ac.uk). This enables exploration of multi-modal datasets arising from profiling of patients with different severities of illness admitted to hospital in the first phase of the pandemic in the UK prior to vaccination, compared with community cases, healthy controls, and patients with all-cause sepsis and influenza. These data include whole blood transcriptomics, plasma proteomics, epigenomics, single-cell multi-omics, immune repertoire sequencing, flow and mass cytometry, and cohort metadata. COMBATdb provides access to the processed data in a well-defined framework of samples, cell types and genes/proteins that allows exploration across the assayed modalities, with functionality including browse, search, download, calculation and visualisation via shiny apps. This advances the ability of users to leverage COMBAT datasets to understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and the nature of specific and shared features with other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Wang
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Alexander J Mentzer
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Brian D Marsden
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, UK
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, NDM, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Julian C Knight
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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Cheng B, Yu Q, Wang W. Intimate communications within the tumor microenvironment: stromal factors function as an orchestra. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:1. [PMID: 36600243 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00894-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the last decade have reformed the view of cancer as a tumor cell-centric disease. The tumor microenvironment, especially termed the "seed and soil" theory, has emerged as the key determinant in cancer development and therapeutic resistance. The TME mainly consists of tumor cells, stromal cells such as fibroblasts, immune cells, and other noncellular components. Within the TME, intimate communications among these components largely determine the fate of the tumor. The pivotal roles of the stroma, especially cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most common component within the TME, have been revealed in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, therapeutic response, and tumor immunity. A better understanding of the function of the TME sheds light on tumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the emerging understanding of stromal factors, especially CAFs, in cancer progression, drug resistance, and tumor immunity with an emphasis on their functions in epigenetic regulation. Moreover, the importance of epigenetic regulation in reshaping the TME and the basic biological principles underpinning the synergy between epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy will be further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Cancer Precision Medicine, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Biopolis, Singapore. .,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang JW, Zhang DD, Wu W, Zhou Y, Tao T, Li W, Zhuang Z, Hang CH. Predictive Value of Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1 in Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Prognosis of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Study. World Neurosurg 2023; 172:e225-e230. [PMID: 36608792 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a potential prognostic and severity biomarker in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). METHODS This observational and prospective study included 44 patients with aSAH from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from June to December 2020. Concentrations of LRG1 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay within 24 hours after aSAH. We further determined the relationship of CSF LRG1 levels with disease severity and prognosis 3 months after aSAH. RESULTS Higher CSF LRG1 levels were associated with a higher Hunt-Hess grade (P < 0.05). Using univariate analysis, poor outcomes at 3 months were associated with higher World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scale grade, higher Hunt-Hess grade, higher CSF LRG1 levels, and higher Fisher grade. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant impact of LRG1 on poor outcomes as well as after adjustment for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest an increase in CSF LRG1 levels in patients with aSAH, which may serve as a potential biomarker of unfavorable prognosis and disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding-Ding Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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Hu W, Li P, Zeng N, Tan S. DIA-based technology explores hub pathways and biomarkers of neurological recovery in ischemic stroke after rehabilitation. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1079977. [PMID: 36959823 PMCID: PMC10027712 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1079977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common disease that causes severe and long-term neurological disability in people worldwide. Although rehabilitation is indispensable to promote neurological recovery in ischemic stroke, it is limited to providing a timely and efficient reference for developing and adjusting treatment strategies because neurological assessment after stroke treatment is mostly performed using scales and imaging. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find biomarkers that can help us evaluate and optimize the treatment plan. Methods We used data-independent acquisition (DIA) technology to screen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) before and after ischemic stroke rehabilitation treatment, and then performed Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of DEPs using bioinformatics tools such as KEGG pathway and Reactome. In addition, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and modularity analysis of DEPs were integrated to identify the hub proteins (genes) and hub signaling pathways for neurological recovery in ischemic stroke. PRM-targeted proteomics was also used to validate some of the screened proteins of interest. Results Analyzing the serum protein expression profiles before and after rehabilitation, we identified 22 DEPs that were upregulated and downregulated each. Through GO and pathway enrichment analysis and subsequent PPI network analysis constructed using STRING data and subsequent Cytoscape MCODE analysis, we identified that complement-related pathways, lipoprotein-related functions and effects, thrombosis and hemostasis, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and inflammatory and immune pathways are the major pathways involved in the improvement of neurological function after stroke rehabilitation. Conclusion Complement-related pathways, lipoprotein-related functions and effects, thrombosis and hemostasis, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and inflammation and immunity pathways are not only key pathways in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke but also the main pathways of action of rehabilitation therapy. In addition, IGHA1, LRG1, IGHV3-64D, and CP are upregulated in patients with ischemic stroke and downregulated after rehabilitation, which may be used as biomarkers to monitor neurological impairment and recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Bo'ai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Bo'ai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Nianju Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Bo'ai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Nianju Zeng
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Sheng Tan
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Filipović M, Flegar D, Aničić S, Šisl D, Kelava T, Kovačić N, Šućur A, Grčević D. Transcriptome profiling of osteoclast subsets associated with arthritis: A pathogenic role of CCR2 hi osteoclast progenitors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:994035. [PMID: 36591261 PMCID: PMC9797520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The existence of different osteoclast progenitor (OCP) subsets has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, pathological inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis remains incompletely understood. Detailed characterization of OCP subsets may elucidate the pathophysiology of increased osteoclast activity causing periarticular and systemic bone resorption in arthritis. In our study, we rely on previously defined OCP subsets categorized by the level of CCR2 expression as circulatory-like committed CCR2hi OCPs, which are substantially expanded in arthritis, and marrow-resident CCR2lo OCPs of immature phenotype and behavior. Methods In order to perform transcriptome characterization of those subsets in the context of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), we sorted CCR2hi and CCR2lo periarticular bone marrow OCPs of control and arthritic mice, and performed next-generation RNA sequencing (n=4 for each group) to evaluate the differential gene expression profile using gene set enrichment analysis with further validation. Results A disparity between CCR2hi and CCR2lo subset transcriptomes (863 genes) was detected, with the enrichment of pathways for osteoclast differentiation, chemokine and NOD-like receptor signaling in the CCR2hi OCP subset, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes and ribosome pathways in the CCR2lo OCP subset. The effect of intervention (CIA) within each subset was greater in CCR2hi (92 genes) than in CCR2lo (43 genes) OCPs. Genes associated with the osteoclastogenic pathway (Fcgr1, Socs3), and several genes involved in cell adhesion and migration (F11r, Cd38, Lrg1) identified the CCR2hi subset and distinguish CIA from control group, as validated by qPCR (n=6 for control mice, n=9 for CIA mice). The latter gene set showed a significant positive correlation with arthritis clinical score and frequency of CCR2hi OCPs. Protein-level validation by flow cytometry showed increased proportion of OCPs expressing F11r/CD321, CD38 and Lrg1 in CIA, indicating that they could be used as disease markers. Moreover, osteoclast pathway-identifying genes remained similarly expressed (Fcgr1) or even induced by several fold (Socs3) in preosteoclasts differentiated in vitro from CIA mice compared to pre-cultured levels, suggesting their importance for enhanced osteoclastogenesis of the CCR2hi OCPs in arthritis. Conclusion Our approach detected differentially expressed genes that could identify distinct subset of OCPs associated with arthritis as well as indicate possible therapeutic targets aimed to modulate osteoclast activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Filipović
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darja Flegar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Aničić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dino Šisl
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Kelava
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Kovačić
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alan Šućur
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,*Correspondence: Alan Šućur, ; Danka Grčević,
| | - Danka Grčević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia,*Correspondence: Alan Šućur, ; Danka Grčević,
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Low Blood Levels of LRG1 Before Radical Prostatectomy Identify Patients with High Risk of Progression to Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022; 45:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ailioaie LM, Ailioaie C, Litscher G. Biomarkers in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Their Importance in COVID Era. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12757. [PMID: 36361547 PMCID: PMC9655921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and its complication, macrophage activation syndrome (sJIA-MAS), are rare but sometimes very serious or even critical diseases of childhood that can occasionally be characterized by nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms at onset-such as non-remitting high fever, headache, rash, or arthralgia-and are biologically accompanied by an increase in acute-phase reactants. For a correct positive diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out bacterial or viral infections, neoplasia, and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Delays in diagnosis will result in late initiation of targeted therapy. A set of biomarkers is useful to distinguish sJIA or sJIA-MAS from similar clinical entities, especially when arthritis is absent. Biomarkers should be accessible to many patients, with convenient production and acquisition prices for pediatric medical laboratories, as well as being easy to determine, having high sensitivity and specificity, and correlating with pathophysiological disease pathways. The aim of this review was to identify the newest and most powerful biomarkers and their synergistic interaction for easy and accurate recognition of sJIA and sJIA-MAS, so as to immediately guide clinicians in correct diagnosis and in predicting disease outcomes, the response to treatment, and the risk of relapses. Biomarkers constitute an exciting field of research, especially due to the heterogeneous nature of cytokine storm syndromes (CSSs) in the COVID era. They must be selected with utmost care-a fact supported by the increasingly improved genetic and pathophysiological comprehension of sJIA, but also of CSS-so that new classification systems may soon be developed to define homogeneous groups of patients, although each with a distinct disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marinela Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Constantin Ailioaie
- Department of Medical Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Boulevard, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gerhard Litscher
- Research Unit of Biomedical Engineering in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit for Complementary and Integrative Laser Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Research Center Graz, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 39, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Wang Z, Tober-Lau P, Farztdinov V, Lemke O, Schwecke T, Steinbrecher S, Muenzner J, Kriedemann H, Sander LE, Hartl J, Mülleder M, Ralser M, Kurth F. The human host response to monkeypox infection: a proteomic case series study. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e16643. [PMID: 36169042 PMCID: PMC9641420 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid rise of monkeypox (MPX) cases outside previously endemic areas prompts for a better understanding of the disease. We studied the plasma proteome of a group of MPX patients with a similar infection history and clinical manifestation typical for the current outbreak. We report that MPX in this case series is associated with a strong plasma proteomic response among nutritional and acute phase response proteins. Moreover, we report a correlation between plasma proteins and disease severity. Contrasting the MPX host response with that of COVID‐19, we find a range of similarities, but also important differences. For instance, CFHR1 is induced in COVID‐19, but suppressed in MPX, reflecting the different roles of the complement system in the two infectious diseases. Of note, the spatial overlap in response proteins suggested that a COVID‐19 biomarker panel assay could be repurposed for MPX. Applying a targeted protein panel assay provided encouraging results and distinguished MPX cases from healthy controls. Hence, our results provide a first proteomic characterization of the MPX human host response and encourage further research on protein‐panel assays in emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pinkus Tober-Lau
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vadim Farztdinov
- Core Facility High Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Lemke
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schwecke
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Steinbrecher
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Muenzner
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helene Kriedemann
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Erik Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Hartl
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Core Facility High Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Mantovani A, Csermely A, Sani E, Beatrice G, Petracca G, Lunardi G, Bonapace S, Lippi G, Targher G. Association between Higher Circulating Leucine-Rich α-2 Glycoprotein 1 Concentrations and Specific Plasma Ceramides in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070943. [PMID: 35883498 PMCID: PMC9312999 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although ceramides are involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and other inflammation-associated disorders, there is a paucity of data on the association between plasma ceramides and inflammatory biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, we explored whether there was an association between plasma leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) concentrations (i.e., a novel proinflammatory signaling molecule) and specific plasma ceramides in postmenopausal women with T2DM. Methods: We measured six previously identified plasma ceramides, which have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk [plasma Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:1/22:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1)], amongst 99 Caucasian postmenopausal women with non-insulin-treated T2DM (mean age 72 ± 8 years, mean hemoglobin A1c 6.9 ± 0.7%), who consecutively attended our diabetes outpatient service during a 3-month period. Plasma ceramide and LRG1 concentrations were measured with a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay and a Milliplex® MAP human cardiovascular disease magnetic bead kit, respectively. Results: In linear regression analyses, higher plasma LRG1 levels (1st tertile vs. 2nd and 3rd tertiles combined) were associated with higher levels of plasma Cer(d18:1/16:0) (standardized β coefficient: 0.289, p = 0.004), Cer(d18:1/18:0) (standardized β coefficient: 0.307, p = 0.002), Cer(d18:1/20:0) (standardized β coefficient: 0.261, p = 0.009) or Cer(d18:1/24:1) (standardized β coefficient: 0.343, p < 0.001). These associations remained significant even after adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol level, hemoglobin A1c, insulin resistance and statin use. Conclusions: The results of our pilot exploratory study suggest that higher plasma LRG1 concentration was associated with higher levels of specific high-risk plasma ceramide molecules in elderly postmenopausal women with metabolically well-controlled T2DM, even after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors and other potential confounding variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mantovani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Alessandro Csermely
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Elena Sani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Giorgia Beatrice
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Graziana Petracca
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, “IRCCS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria” Hospital, 37024 Negrar, Italy;
| | - Stefano Bonapace
- Division of Cardiology, “IRCCS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria” Hospital, 37024 Negrar, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (A.M.); (A.C.); (E.S.); (G.B.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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An Immunological Axis Involving Interleukin 1β and Leucine-Rich-α2-Glycoprotein Reflects Therapeutic Response of Children with Kawasaki Disease: Implications from the KAWAKINRA Trial. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1330-1341. [PMID: 35699824 PMCID: PMC9537216 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose A recent phase II open-label study of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) anakinra in treating IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease (KD) patients reported promising results. Here, we aimed to characterize the immunological impact of IL-1 blockade in this unique study population. Methods Patients’ and control sera and supernatants of cells (whole blood, neutrophils, coronary artery endothelial cells) stimulated with recombinant IL-1β were analyzed for single or multiple marker (n = 22) expression by ELISA or multiplexed bead array assay. Data were analyzed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, multiple correlation, and multi-comparison statistics and were compared to retrospective analyses of KD transcriptomics. Results Inflammation in IVIG-resistant KD (n = 16) is hallmarked by over-expression of innate immune mediators (particularly IL-6 > CXCL10 > S100A12 > IL-1Ra). Those as well as levels of immune or endothelial cell activation markers (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) declined most significantly in course of anakinra treatment. Prior as well as following IL-1R blockade, over-expression of leucine-rich-α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) associated best with remnant inflammatory activity and the necessity to escalate anakinra dosage and separated inflammatory KD patients from sJIA-MAS (n = 13) and MIS-C (n = 4). Protein as well as retrospective gene expression analyses indicated tight association of LRG1 with IL-1β signaling and neutrophilia, while particularly neutrophil stimulation with recombinant IL-1β resulted in concentration-dependent LRG1 release. Conclusion Our study identifies LRG1 as known trigger of endothelial activation and cardiac re-modeling to associate with IL-1β signaling in KD. Besides a potential patho-mechanistic implication of these findings, our data suggest blood leukocyte and neutrophil counts to best predict response to IL-1Ra treatment in IVIG-resistant KD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10875-022-01301-w.
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Angiopathic activity of LRG1 is induced by the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4867. [PMID: 35318338 PMCID: PMC8938720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a secreted glycoprotein that under physiological conditions is produced predominantly by the liver. In disease, its local induction promotes pathogenic neovascularisation while its inhibition leads to reduced dysfunctional angiogenesis. Here we examine the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in defective angiogenesis mediated by LRG1. IL-6 treatment induced LRG1 expression in endothelial cells and ex vivo angiogenesis cultures and promoted vascular growth with reduced mural cell coverage. In Lrg1−/− explants, however, IL-6 failed to stimulate angiogenesis and vessels exhibited improved mural cell coverage. IL-6 activated LRG1 transcription through the phosphorylation and binding of STAT3 to a conserved consensus site in the LRG1 promoter, the deletion of which abolished activation. Blocking IL-6 signalling in human lung endothelial cells, using the anti-IL6 receptor antibody Tocilizumab, significantly reduced LRG1 expression. Our data demonstrate that IL-6, through STAT3 phosphorylation, activates LRG1 transcription resulting in vascular destabilisation. This observation is especially timely in light of the potential role of IL-6 in COVID-19 patients with severe pulmonary microvascular complications, where targeting IL-6 has been beneficial. However, our data suggest that a therapy directed towards blocking the downstream angiopathic effector molecule LRG1 may be of greater utility.
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