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Xiang S, Jian Q, Chen W, Xu Q, Li J, Wang C, Wang R, Zhang D, Lin J, Zheng C. Pharmacodynamic components and mechanisms of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117733. [PMID: 38218504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginger is a "medicine-food homology" natural herb and has a longstanding medicinal background in treating intestinal diseases. Its remarkable bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, flora regulatory, intestinal protective, and anticancer properties, make it a promising natural medicine for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW The purpose is to review the relevant literature on ginger and pharmacodynamic components for CRC prevention and treatment, summarize the possible mechanisms of ginger from clinical studies and animal and in vitro experiments, to provide theoretical support for the use of ginger preparations in the daily prevention and clinical treatment of CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literatures about ginger and CRC were searched from electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). RESULTS This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ginger and its pharmacodynamic components in the prevention and treatment of CRC, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, flora regulatory, intestinal protective, inhibit CRC cell proliferation, induce CRC cell cycle blockage, promote CRC cell apoptosis, suppress CRC cell invasion and migration, enhance the anticancer effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSIONS Ginger has potential for daily prevention and clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Xiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Qin Jian
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Wu Chen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jia Li
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Chuchu Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Rongrong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Chuan Zheng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Jiang P, Jiang W, Li X, Zhu Q. Combination of Formononetin and Sulforaphane Natural Drug Repress the Proliferation of Cervical Cancer Cells via Impeding PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04873-y. [PMID: 38401043 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Natural substances have been demonstrated to be an unrivalled source of anticancer drugs in the present era of pharmacological development. Plant-based substances, together with their derivatives through analogues, play a significant character in the treatment of cancer by altering the tumor microenvironment and several signaling pathways. In this study, it was investigated whether the natural drugs, formononetin (FN) and sulforaphane (SFN), when combined, assess the efficacy of inhibiting cervical cancer cell proliferation by impeding the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in HeLa cells. The cells were treated with the combination of FN and SFN (FN + SFN) in various concentrations (0-50 µM) for 24 h and then analyzed for various experiments. The combination of FN + SFN-mediated cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay. DCFH-DA staining was used to assess the ROS measurement, and apoptotic changes were studied by dual (AO/EtBr) staining assays. Protein expressions of cell survival, cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis protein were evaluated by flow cytometry and western blotting. Results showed that the cytotoxicity of FN and SFN was determined to be around 23.7 µM and 26.92 µM, respectively. Combining FN and SFN causes considerable cytotoxicity in HeLa cells, with an IC50 of 21.6 µM after 24-h incubation. Additionally, HeLa cells treated with FN and SFN together showed increased apoptotic signals and considerable ROS generation. Consequently, by preventing the production of PI3K, AKT, and mToR-mediated regulation of proliferation and cell cycle-regulating proteins, the combined use of FN + SFN has been regarded as a chemotherapeutic medication. Further research will need to be done shortly to determine how effectively the co-treatment promotes apoptosis to employ them economically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Medical Department, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xiujin Li
- Delivery Room, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Qiuling Zhu
- Delivery Room, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China.
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3
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Navarro-Hortal MD, Romero-Márquez JM, Jiménez-Trigo V, Xiao J, Giampieri F, Forbes-Hernández TY, Grosso G, Battino M, Sánchez-González C, Quiles JL. Molecular bases for the use of functional foods in the management of healthy aging: Berries, curcumin, virgin olive oil and honey; three realities and a promise. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11967-11986. [PMID: 35816321 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As the number of older people has grown in recent decades, the search for new approaches to manage or delay aging is also growing. Among the modifiable factors, diet plays a crucial role in healthy aging and in the prevention of age-related diseases. Thus, the interest in the use of foods, which are rich in bioactive compounds such as functional foods with anti-aging effects is a growing market. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of action of foods considered as functional foods in aging, namely berries, curcumin, and virgin olive oil. Moreover, honey is also analyzed as a food with well-known healthy benefits, but which has not been deeply evaluated from the point of view of aging. The effects of these foods on aging are analyzed from the point of view of molecular mechanisms including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, genomic stability, telomere attrition, cellular senescence, and deregulated nutrient-sensing. A comprehensive study of the scientific literature shows that the aforementioned foods have demonstrated positive effects on certain aspects of aging, which might justify their use as functional foods in elderly. However, more research is needed, especially in humans, designed to understand in depth the mechanisms of action through which they act.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Navarro-Hortal
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M Romero-Márquez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Jiménez-Trigo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Quiles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
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Afzal M, Alarifi A, Karami AM, Ayub R, Abduh NAY, Saeed WS, Muddassir M. Antiproliferative Mechanisms of a Polyphenolic Combination of Kaempferol and Fisetin in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076393. [PMID: 37047366 PMCID: PMC10094218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we investigate the combinatorial therapeutic effects of naturally occurring flavonoids kaempferol (K) and fisetin (F) on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC: MDA-MB-231 cell line). Dose-dependent MTT assay results show that K and F exhibited cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells at 62 and 75 μM (IC50), respectively, after 24 h. However, combined K + F led to 40% and more than 50% TNBC cell death observed at 10 and 20 μM, respectively, which revealed the synergistic association of both. The combination of K and F was determined to be more effective in inhibiting cell viability than either of the agents alone. The morphological changes associated with significant apoptotic cell death were observed under a fluorescent microscope, strongly supporting the synergistic association between K and F. We also proposed that combining the effects of both polyphenols, as opposed to their individual effects, would increase their in vitro efficacy. Furthermore, we assessed the cell death pathway by the combinational treatment via reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage and the mitochondrially mediated apoptotic pathway. This study reveals the prominent synergistic role of phytochemicals, which helps in elevating the therapeutic efficacy of dietary nutrients and that anticancer effects may be a result of nutrients that act in concert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rashid Ayub
- Department of Science Technology Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naaser A. Y. Abduh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Muddassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Moskwa J, Naliwajko SK, Dobiecka D, Socha K. Bee Products and Colorectal Cancer—Active Components and Mechanism of Action. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071614. [PMID: 37049455 PMCID: PMC10097172 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Lifestyle and eating patterns may have a significant impact on the prevention of this type of cancer. Bioactive food ingredients influence the gut microbiome and can have a protective effect. Bee products (honey, propolis, royal jelly, and bee venom) or pharmacologically active fractions obtained from them are widely used in many fields of medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetics. Some evidence suggests that bee products may have anti-cancer potential. The main bioactive components with anti-colon cancer potential from propolis and bee honey are polyphenols such as pinocembrin, galangin, luteolin, CAPE, Artepilin C, chrysin, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids. This review is focused on the new data on epidemiology, risk factors for colon cancer, and current reports on the potential role of bee products in the chemoprevention of this type of cancer.
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6
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Hsu CH, Weng PW, Chen MY, Yeh CT, Setiawan SA, Yadav VK, Wu ATH, Tzeng DTW, Gong JX, Yang Z, Tzeng YM. Therapeutic targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with antrocinol, a novel, dual-specificity, small-molecule inhibitor of the KRAS and ERK oncogenic signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 370:110329. [PMID: 36565974 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, sorafenib has been the only treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some patients, however, exhibit resistance to this treatment and subsequently experience cancer progression, recurrence, or death. Therefore, identifying a new alternative treatment for patients with little or no response to sorafenib treatment is vital. In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism of antrocinol ((3aS,4R,6aS,10aR)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7,7-dimethyldecahydro-1H-naphtho[1,8a-c]furan-1-one) in patients with HCC. The results indicated that antrocinol was more therapeutically effective than antrocin, Stivarga, and sorafenib against HCC cell lines. Antrocinol also substantially suppressed the expression of KRAS-GTP, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKT in the Huh7 cell line. Additionally, antrocinol-induced apoptosis in the Huh7 cell line, inhibited the formation of tumorspheres, and suppressed the expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133, KLF4, CD44, OCT4, SOX2, and c-Myc. Animal studies revealed that antrocinol alone considerably suppressed tumor growth in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated with Huh7 tumorspheres. It also synergistically enhanced the anticancer effect of sorafenib, resulting in enhanced suppression of tumor growth (p < 0.001) and tumorsphere formation (p < 0.001). In tumor samples resected from mice treated with antrocinol alone or in combination with sorafenib, immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in ERK and AKT protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the anti-HCC activity of antrocinol. With its higher therapeutic efficacy than that of sorafenib, antrocinol is a candidate drug for patients with HCC who demonstrate little or no response to sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan; Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wei Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yao Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95092, Taiwan
| | - Syahru Agung Setiawan
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Vijesh Kumar Yadav
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- Ph.D. Program of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - David T W Tzeng
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Lifebit, London, EC2A 2AP, UK
| | - Jian-Xian Gong
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yew-Min Tzeng
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, 95092, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 41349, Taiwan.
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Yee N, Kim H, Kim E, Cha YH, Ma L, Cho NE, Kim D, Kim CY, Kim SH, Ryoo Z, Yi J, Kim MO. Effects of Sangju Honey on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:239-246. [PMID: 36713940 PMCID: PMC9836912 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, honey has been used in traditional medicine owing to its pharmacological effects. It possesses anticancer properties. However, the therapeutic implications of Sangju honey in cancer remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the potential anticancer effects of Sangju honey on human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), particularly focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptotic and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Ca9-22 and YD-10B human OSCC cells were treated with 0.25% or 0.5% Sangju honey, and the cell viability was examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell morphology studies were conducted to observe morphological changes, and the wound-healing assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of honey-treated OSCC cells. Western blot analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression related to EMT and apoptotic and MAPK signaling pathways. Sangju honey reduced cell viability, induced morphological changes, and significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of Ca9-22 and YD-10B cells. The expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin was increased and decreased, respectively, in both OSCC cell lines. Moreover, Sangju honey stimulated apoptosis by increasing the expression of p21, p53, cleaved caspase 3, and caspase 9. Furthermore, it downregulated the expression of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, p-c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, and p-p38 in Ca9-22 and YD-10B cells. Sangju honey inhibits Ca9-22 and YD-10B cell proliferation by regulating EMT, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing the MAPK signaling pathway. Thus, it is a potential anticancer agent for human OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nangwon Yee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Eungyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Yong Ho Cha
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Na Eun Cho
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Chae Yeon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Medical Analysis, Korea Polytechnic College, Nonsan, Korea
| | - Zaeyoung Ryoo
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea,Zaeyoung Ryoo, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6993-3624
| | - Junkoo Yi
- Gyeongsangbukdo Livestock Institute Research, Yeongju, Korea,Junkoo Yi, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-6529
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea,Correspondence to Myoung Ok Kim, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-7734
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8
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Synergic Effect of Honey with Other Natural Agents in Developing Efficient Wound Dressings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010034. [PMID: 36670896 PMCID: PMC9854511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey has been used for therapeutic and nutritional purposes since ancient times. It was considered one of the essential medical assets in wound healing. According to research, honeybees have significant antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and wound-healing properties. Lately, scientific researchers have focused on apitherapy, using bee products to protect and strengthen the immune system. Since honey is the most important natural product rich in minerals, proteins, and vitamins, it has been intensively used in such therapies. Honey has gained significant consideration because of the beneficial role of its antioxidant compounds, such as enzymes, proteins, amino and organic acids, polyphenols, and carotenoids, but mainly due to flavonoids and phenolic acids. It has been proven that phenolic compounds are responsible for honey's biological activity and that its physicochemical properties, antioxidants, and antimicrobial potential are significant for human health. The review also presents some mechanisms of action and the medical applications of honey, such as wound healing dressings, skin grafts, honey-based nanofibers, and cochlear implants, as the most promising wound healing tools. This extensive review has been written to highlight honey's applications in medicine; its composition with the most important bioactive compounds also illustrates its synergistic effect with other natural products having remarkable therapeutic properties in wound healing.
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Yücel Ç, Karatoprak GŞ, Açıkara ÖB, Akkol EK, Barak TH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Aschner M, Shirooie S. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential of gingerols and their nanoformulations. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902551. [PMID: 36133811 PMCID: PMC9483099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, is one of the most popular spices worldwide, known since ancient times, and used both as a spice and a medicinal plant. The phenolic compounds found in ginger are predominantly gingerols, shogaols, and paradols. Gingerols are the major phenolic compounds found in fresh ginger and contain mainly 6-gingerol as well as 4-, 5-, 8-, 10-, and 12-gingerols. Gingerols possess a wide array of bioactivities, such as antioxidant and anticancer, among others. Regarding the different array of biological activities and published data on the mechanisms underlying its action, the complex interaction between three key events, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and immunity, appears to contribute to a plethora of pharmacological activities of this compound. Among these, the immunomodulatory properties of these compounds, which attract attention due to their effects on the immune system, have been the focus of many studies. Gingerols can alleviate inflammation given their ability to inhibit the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, causing a decrease in proinflammatory and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, given their low bioavailability, it is necessary to develop new and more effective strategies for treatment with gingerols. In order to overcome this problem, recent studies have addressed new drug delivery systems containing gingerols. In this review, the immunomodulatory activities of gingerol and its underlying mechanisms of action combined with the contributions of developed nanodrug delivery systems to this activity will be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Yücel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | | | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Esra Küpeli Akkol, ; Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez,
| | - Timur Hakan Barak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Esra Küpeli Akkol, ; Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez,
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Park Avenue Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ozkur M, Benlier N, Takan I, Vasileiou C, Georgakilas AG, Pavlopoulou A, Cetin Z, Saygili EI. Ginger for Healthy Ageing: A Systematic Review on Current Evidence of Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4748447. [PMID: 35585878 PMCID: PMC9110206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4748447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The world's population is ageing at an accelerated pace. Ageing is a natural, physiological but highly complex and multifactorial process that all species in the Tree of Life experience over time. Physical and mental disabilities, and age-related diseases, would increase along with the increasing life expectancy. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, native to Southeast Asia. For hundreds of years, ginger has been consumed in various ways by the natives of Asian countries, both as culinary and medicinal herb for the treatment of many diseases. Mounting evidence suggests that ginger can promote healthy ageing, reduce morbidity, and prolong healthy lifespan. Ginger, a well-known natural product, has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties, as well as an outstanding antiviral activity due to a high concentration of antiviral compounds. In this review, the current evidence on the potential role of ginger and its active compounds in the prevention of ageing is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Ozkur
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Necla Benlier
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Işıl Takan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Balcova, Izmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Christina Vasileiou
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros G. Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pavlopoulou
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Balcova, Izmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Zafer Cetin
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Education Institute, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Eyup Ilker Saygili
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate Education Institute, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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11
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The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 127:104787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Patel K, Mangu SR, Sukhdeo SV, Sharan K. Ethanolic extract from the root and leaf of Sida cordifolia promotes osteoblast activity and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154024. [PMID: 35263671 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sida cordifolia is traditionally found in the Indian system of medicine, well known for its medicinal and nutritional properties among local natives. PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate the osteo-protective effect of root and leaf ethanolic extract of S. cordifolia (RE and LE) and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Antioxidant activity of RE and LE was assessed. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined. HPLC profiling of RE and LE was performed to examine the polyphenol content. The effect of RE and LE on osteoblast cells proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, and expression of the protein associated with osteogenesis were evaluated using primary calvarial osteoblast culture. Skeletal effects of RE and LE of S. cordifolia were investigated in C57BL/6J ovariectomized mice. Micro CT was employed to evaluate the alteration in trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture. Histology studies were performed on the isolated vertebra. qPCR analysis and western blotting was done to check the key bone markers. RESULTS RE and LE showed a potent antioxidant activity, owing to a notable polyphenol content. Both RE and LE did not alter the cell viability but significantly increased the osteoblast cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. Moreover, they enhanced the mRNA expression of osteogenic genes. Both RE and LE stimulated the activation of ERK, AKT, and CREB. Both RE and LE had no direct effect on osteoclastogenesis, but both increased Opg/Rankl ratio expression in osteoblast cells. Both RE and LE at 750 mg/kg/day significantly improved the trabecular and cortical microarchitecture of femur and tibia by increasing bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness, and decreasing trabecular separation and structural model index in ovariectomized mice. Furthermore, vertebral histology of lumbar vertebrae revealed that RE and LE significantly enhance the vertebral bone mass and exert osteo-protective effects by stimulating osteoblast function and inhibiting osteoclast function. CONCLUSION In conclusion, both RE and LE stimulate osteoblast differentiation through activating ERK, AKT, and CREB signalling pathways and indirectly inhibits osteoclast differentiation. RE and LE also improve the trabecular and cortical microarchitecture of ovariectomized mice, making it a promising agent to prevent postmenopausal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Patel
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Svvs Ravi Mangu
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shinde Vijay Sukhdeo
- Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Kunal Sharan
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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13
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Krzysiek-Maczka G, Targosz A, Wrobel T, Paw M, Szczyrk U, Opila J, Strzalka M, Wierdak M, Major P, Brzozowski T, Czyz J, Ptak-Belowska A. Time-extended exposure of gastric epithelial cells to secretome of Helicobacter pylori-activated fibroblasts induces reprogramming of gastric epithelium towards pre-cancerogenic and pro-invasive phenotype. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1337-1371. [PMID: 35411238 PMCID: PMC8984895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite of the improvement in gastric cancer (GC) therapies patients still suffer from cancer recurrence and metastasis. Recently, the high ratio of these events combined with increased chemoresistance has been related to the asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infections. The limited efficiency of GC treatment strategies is also increasingly attributed to the activity of tumor stroma with the key role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In order to investigate the influence of Hp infection within stromal gastric tissue on cancer initiation and progression, we have exposed normal gastric epithelial cells to long-term influence of Hp-activated gastric fibroblast secretome. We have referred obtained results to this secretome influence on cancer cell lines. The invasive properties of cells were checked by time-lapse video microscopy and basement membrane assays. The expression of invasion-related factors was checked by RT-PCR, Western Blot, immunofluorescence and Elisa. Hp-activated gastric fibroblast secretome induced EMT type 3-related shifts of RGM1 cell phenotype; in particular it augmented their motility, cytoskeletal plasticity and invasiveness. These effects were accompanied by Snail1/Twist activation, the up-regulation of cytokeratin19/FAP/TNC/Integrin-β1 and MMPs, and by the induction of cMethigh/pEGFRhigh phenotype. Mechanistic studies suggest that this microevolution next to TGFβ relies also on c-Met/EGFR signaling interplay and engages HGF-Integrin-Ras-dependent Twist activation leading to MMP and TNC upregulation with subsequent positive auto- and paracrine feedback loops intensifying this process. Similar shifts were detected in cancer cells exposed to this secretome. Collectively, we show that the secretome of Hp-infected fibroblasts induces reprogramming/microevolution of epithelial and cancer cells towards type 3 EMT-related invasive phenotype in a manner reciprocally reliant next to TGFβ on cMet/Integrin-β1/p-EGFR-dependent axis. Apparently, the phenotypical plasticity of Hp-activated fibroblast reprogrammed gastric epithelial cells determines their susceptibility to the pro-invasive signaling, which results in re-organization of gastric niches and provides the cues for GC promotion/progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracjana Krzysiek-Maczka
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Aneta Targosz
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wrobel
- Department of Cell Biology, The Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, The Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Urszula Szczyrk
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Janusz Opila
- Department of Applied Computer Sciences, The Faculty of Management, AGH University of Science and Technology30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Strzalka
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wierdak
- Clinic of General, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, 2nd Department of General Surgery, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Major
- Clinic of General, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, 2nd Department of General Surgery, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jarosław Czyz
- Department of Cell Biology, The Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, The Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College31-531 Cracow, Poland
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Bioactive components in Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterraenea (L.) Verdc) as a potential source of nutraceutical ingredients. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09024. [PMID: 35284682 PMCID: PMC8913303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nutraceuticals on a global scale has significantly increased over the past few years due to their reported health benefits and consumer's reluctance to consume synthetic drugs. This paper provides information regarding new and potential value added uses of biologically active compounds in Bambara groundnut (BGN) as ingredients that could be further researched and exploited for various applications. Nutraceutical is a food or part of food that apart from providing basic nutrients, offers medicinal benefits either by prevention and or treatment of an illness. BGN is a legume with rich nutrient profile that is under exploited industrially. It is widely used in African traditional medicine for its various health outcome, but has not been explored scientifically for its numerous nutraceutical potentials. Compared to beans BGN has greater quantity of soluble fiber and also have high dietary fiber. It is rich in polyphenolic compound which include flavonoids subgroups like flavonols, flavanols, anthocyanindins, isoflavones and phenolic acids: both benzoic acid and cinnamic acid derivatives, biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and peptides, antioxidant vitamins and minerals. The rising interest and emphasis in plant-based biologically active components (nutraceuticals) for various health promotion, has positioned this African legume as a potential source of nutraceutical ingredients (bioactive components) that could be exploited for improved nutrition and health.
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15
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6-Gingerol exerts a protective effect against hypoxic injury through the p38/Nrf2/HO-1 and p38/NF-κB pathway in H9c2 cells. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 104:108975. [PMID: 35245652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ginger, one of the most widely consumed condiment for various foods and beverages, has many pharmacological effects. 6-gingerol, a naturally occurring phenol, is one of the major pungent constituents of ginger. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of 6-gingerol on the p38/Nrf2/HO-1 and p38/NF-κB signaling pathway, as a possible means of combating hypoxia-related oxidative stress. H9c2 cells were chemically induced with CoCl2 to mimic hypoxia-associated cellular damage. Cardiomyocyte injury was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Reactive oxygen species production was assessed by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The antioxidative property of 6-gingerol was measured by estimating the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and glutathione disulfide. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after Annexin V-FITC-propidium iodide double staining. Western blotting was used to evaluate levels of p-p38, p38, cytoplasm p65, nuclear p65, total p65, nuclear Nrf2, total Nrf2, Keap1, HIF-1α, and HO-1. 6-gingerol was able to counter hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury as evidenced by inhibiting the levels of oxidative stress indexes and increasing the percentage of apoptosis. Furthermore, 6-gingerol was able to down-regulate p-p38/p38, nuclear p65, total p65 and Keap1 expression induced by CoCl2 stimulation and increased cytoplasm p65, nuclear Nrf2, total Nrf2, HO-1, and HIF-1α expression. However, treatment with specific Nrf2 inhibitor blunted the activation of Nrf2 signaling and removed the protective effects of 6-gingerol. These experiments provide evidence that 6-gingerol exerts cytoprotective effects, which may be associated with the regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis, potentially through activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting the p38/NF-κB pathways.
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Bagatir G, Kaya M, Suer I, Cefle K, Palanduz A, Palanduz S, Becerir HB, Koçyiğit M, Ozturk S. The effect of Anzer honey on X-ray induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes: An in vitro study. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2241-2250. [PMID: 35170166 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Anzer honey is well known in Turkey and used for its medicinal properties, especially for pharyngitis, tonsillitis, ulcers and cancer. In this study, we investigated whether Anzer honey, which is shown to have antioxidant, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory properties, has a protective effect against X-ray induced genotoxic damage by cytogenetic methods. Peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from 20 healthy volunteers were divided into two groups and cultivated by conventional methods. Study group lymphocytes were treated with 10% diluted honey while those in the control group were not. Both groups were exposed to a high dose (2 Gy) X-ray at the 48th hour of culture. Conventional cytogenetic staining and Giemsa banding methods were applied to evaluate chromosomal breakage and ring formation. Micronucleus frequencies were determined by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Paired sample t test was used to compare groups. Anzer honey, which was analyzed melissopalynologically, was used. Micronucleus frequency was significantly decreased in the study group (CI = 348.75 ± 31, median 326, min. 98, max. 704) compared to the control group (CI = 489.10 ± 27, median 500, min. 216, max. 645) (p = .001). Chromosomal breakage was also significantly decreased in the study group (CI = 118.70 ± 16, median 109, min. 12, max. 316) compared to the control group (CI = 233.60 ± 25, median 225, min. 65, max. 492) (p < .0001). This is the first study indicating that genotoxic damage in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy volunteers induced by X-radiation may be prevented or alleviated by adding Anzer honey in vitro. These results encourage further research about the protective effects of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Bagatir
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Suer
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kıvanc Cefle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Palanduz
- Department of Family Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Palanduz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mine Koçyiğit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Istanbul Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Ozturk
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Phenolic content, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of fractions of Vigna subterraenea (L.) verdc from Mpumalanga, South Africa. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08397. [PMID: 34901488 PMCID: PMC8637485 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent intake of legumes has been correlated with decreased possibility of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) due to the content of some phytochemicals like polyphenols. Bambara groundnut (BGN) is an underutilized crop with a rich nutritional profile, but have not been exploited for its nutraceutical and medicinal benefits. In this study, total polyphenol, flavonoid (flavonol and flavanol) content, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity/antiproliferative properties of 70% ethanolic extracts of whole BGN, cotyledon and seed coat on Caco-2 and HT-29 colon cancer cells were evaluated. Seed coat had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher composition of total polyphenol, flavonol and flavan-3-ol (flavanol) compared to whole seed and cotyledon. Antioxidant activity determined with ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, showed that seed coat with higher polyphenolic content had significantly (p < 0.05) greater antioxidant activity. BGN fractions demonstrated cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with seed coat and whole seed exhibiting greater cytotoxicity and higher antiproliferative activity and colon cancer cell inhibition. Extracts of the cotyledon also showed cytotoxic activity and hindered cancer cell growth/division but to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower magnitude. BGN parts indicated a greater cytotoxic effect and potential to slow down Caco-2 colon cancer cell growth and division over HT-29. This result provides new knowledge on the possible health benefits of BGN, as well as the potential for product development and may influence its consumption and utilisation.
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18
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Arigela CS, Nelli G, Gan SH, Sirajudeen KNS, Krishnan K, Abdul Rahman N, Pasupuleti VR. Bitter Gourd Honey Ameliorates Hepatic and Renal Diabetic Complications on Type 2 Diabetes Rat Models by Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms. Foods 2021; 10:2872. [PMID: 34829154 PMCID: PMC8618080 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey has several pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic activity. However, the effectiveness of bitter gourd honey (BGH) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of BGH on the kidney and liver of a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. METHODS A single dose (nicotinamide 110 mg/kg, streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) was used to induce DM in male rats. For 28 days, normal or diabetic rats were administered 1 g/kg/day and 2 g/kg/day of BGH orally. After the treatment, blood, liver, and kidney samples were collected and analysed for biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify the major bioactive components in BGH. RESULTS The administration of BGH to diabetic rats resulted in significant reductions in alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and urea levels. Diabetic rats treated with BGH showed lesser pathophysiological alterations in the liver and kidney as compared to non-treated control rats. BGH-treated diabetic rats exhibited reduced levels of oxidative stress (MDA levels), inflammatory (MYD88, NFKB, p-NFKB, IKKβ), and apoptotic (caspase-3) markers, as well as higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in the liver and kidney. BGH contains many bioactive compounds that may have antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. CONCLUSION BGH protected the liver and kidney in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-induced damage. As a result, BGH can be used as a potential therapy to ameliorate diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Sekhar Arigela
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Campus Jeli, Kota Bharu 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (C.S.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Giribabu Nelli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Kuttulebbai Nainamohamed Salam Sirajudeen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia;
| | - Kumarathevan Krishnan
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Campus Jeli, Kota Bharu 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (C.S.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Nurhanan Abdul Rahman
- Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Campus Jeli, Kota Bharu 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (C.S.A.); (K.K.)
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 44800, Sabah, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru 28291, Riau, Indonesia
- Centre for Excellence in Biomaterials Engineering (CoEBE), AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
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Hybrid Anticancer Peptides DN1 and DN4 Exert Selective Cytotoxicity Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Inducing Both Intrinsic and Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathways. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Role of Herbal Teas in Regulating Cellular Homeostasis and Autophagy and Their Implications in Regulating Overall Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072162. [PMID: 34201882 PMCID: PMC8308238 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide, and possesses numerous potential health benefits. Herbal teas are well-known to contain an abundance of polyphenol antioxidants and other ingredients, thereby implicating protection and treatment against various ailments, and maintaining overall health in humans, although their mechanisms of action have not yet been fully identified. Autophagy is a conserved mechanism present in organisms that maintains basal cellular homeostasis and is essential in mediating the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, type II diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease. The increasing prevalence of these diseases, which could be attributed to the imbalance in the level of autophagy, presents a considerable challenge in the healthcare industry. Natural medicine stands as an effective, safe, and economical alternative in balancing autophagy and maintaining homeostasis. Tea is a part of the diet for many people, and it could mediate autophagy as well. Here, we aim to provide an updated overview of popular herbal teas’ health-promoting and disease healing properties and in-depth information on their relation to autophagy and its related signaling molecules. The present review sheds more light on the significance of herbal teas in regulating autophagy, thereby improving overall health.
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Battino M, Giampieri F, Cianciosi D, Ansary J, Chen X, Zhang D, Gil E, Forbes-Hernández T. The roles of strawberry and honey phytochemicals on human health: A possible clue on the molecular mechanisms involved in the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:153170. [PMID: 31980299 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the etiopathogenesis of several human chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Besides classic stimuli, such as reactive oxidant species, endotoxins (i.e., bacteria lipopolysaccharide), cytokines or carcinogens, oxidative stress and inflammation can be triggered by a poor diet and an excess of body fat and energy intake. Strawberry and honey are common rich sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds, widely studied for their roles exerted in health maintenance and disease prevention. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize and update the effects of strawberry and honey against oxidative stress and inflammation, with emphasis on metabolism and on the main molecular mechanisms involved in these effects. METHODS A wide range of literature, published in the last 10 years, elucidating the effects of strawberry and honey in preventing oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro (whole matrix and digested fractions) and in vivo was collected from online electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) and reviewed. RESULTS Strawberry and honey polyphenols may potentially prevent the chronic diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Several in vitro and in vivo studies reported the effects of these foods in suppressing the oxidative stress, by decreasing ROS production and oxidative biomarkers, restoring the antioxidant enzyme activities, ameliorating the mitochondrial antioxidant status and functionality, among others, and the inflammatory process, by modulating the mediators of acute and chronic inflammation essential for the onset of several human diseases. These beneficial properties are mediated in part through their ability to target multiple signaling pathways, such as p38 MAPK, AMPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and Nrf2. CONCLUSIONS Available scientific literature show that strawberry and honey may be effective in preventing oxidative stress and inflammation. The deep evaluation of the factors that affect their metabolism as well as the assessment of the main molecular mechanisms involved are of extreme importance for the possible therapeutic and preventive benefit against the most common human diseases. However, published literature is still scarce so that deeper studies should be performed in order to evaluate the bioavailability of these food matrices and their effects after digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Battino
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Johura Ansary
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Xiumin Chen
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Di Zhang
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Hengshun Group Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Emilio Gil
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tamara Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain.
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Al Refaey HR, Newairy ASA, Wahby MM, Albanese C, Elkewedi M, Choudhry MU, Sultan AS. Manuka honey enhanced sensitivity of HepG2, hepatocellular carcinoma cells, for Doxorubicin and induced apoptosis through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin and ERK1/2. Biol Res 2021; 54:16. [PMID: 34049576 PMCID: PMC8161992 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, there is increasing awareness focused on the identification of naturally occurring anticancer agents derived from natural products. Manuka honey (MH) has been recognized for its biological properties as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, its antiproliferative mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma is not investigated. The current study focused mainly on investigating the molecular mechanism and synergistic effect of anticancer properties of MH on Doxorubicin (DOX)-mediated apoptotic cell death, using two different p53 statuses (HepG2 and Hep3B) and one non-tumorigenic immortalized liver cell line. Results MH treatment showed a proliferative inhibitory effect on tested cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 concentration of (6.92 ± 0.005%) and (18.62 ± 0.07%) for HepG2 and Hep3B cells, respectively, and induced dramatic morphological changes of Hep-G2 cells, which considered as characteristics feature of apoptosis induction after 48 h of treatment. Our results showed that MH or combined treatments induced higher cytotoxicity in p53-wild type, HepG2, than in p53-null, Hep3B, cells. Cytotoxicity was not observed in normal liver cells. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of MH and Dox on apoptosis was evidenced by increased annexin-V-positive cells and Sub-G1 cells in both tested cell lines with a significant increase in the percentage of Hep-G2 cells at late apoptosis as confirmed by the flow cytometric analysis. Consistently, the proteolytic activities of caspase-3 and the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase were also higher in the combined treatment which in turn accompanied by significant inhibitory effects of pERK1/2, mTOR, S6K, oncogenic β-catenin, and cyclin D1 after 48 h. In contrast, the MH or combined treatment-induced apoptosis was accompanied by significantly upregulated expression of proapoptotic Bax protein and downregulated expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein after 48 h. Conclusions Our data showed a synergistic inhibitory effect of MH on DOX-mediated apoptotic cell death in HCC cells. To our knowledge, the present study provides the first report on the anticancer activity of MH and its combined treatment with DOX on HCC cell lines, introducing MH as a promising natural and nontoxic anticancer compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba R Al Refaey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Al-Sayeda A Newairy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mayssaa M Wahby
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Chris Albanese
- Oncology and Radiology Departments, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohamed Elkewedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Umer Choudhry
- Oncology Department, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ahmed S Sultan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. .,Oncology Department, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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Filho JMDM, Neto JN, Gomes LMRDS, Ramos ISF, Oliveira SSR, Melo GCF, Silva LA, Moura ECR, Leal PDC. Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) as a Complementary Option for Clinical Treatment of Endometriosis: An Experimental Study in Rats. J Med Food 2021; 24:342-347. [PMID: 32833559 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis was induced (autotransplant) in Wistar rats. After 21 days, the rats were randomly divided into two groups (16 female rats each). Control group was forced-fed 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and the ginger group was forced-fed 0.5 mg/100 g of Zingiber officinale Roscoe fresh extract, both by gavage, for 14 days, in addition to their normal diet. After that, an anesthetic dose (ketamine/xylazine) was administered until euthanasia. Peritoneal lavage fluid was collected to evaluate tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, and autotransplant was measured and excised to evaluate histology. The final mean volumes were larger in the control group (120.92 mm3 ± 78.91) than in the ginger group (40.50 mm3 ± 19.57) (P = .01). The endometriosis foci increased in the control group from 45.10 mm3 ± 29.96 at 21 days postimplantation to 120.92 mm3 ± 78.91 on the day of euthanasia (P = .02). In the ginger group, a slight increase was observed from 38.43 mm3 ± 19.96 to 40.50 mm3 ± 19.57, without statistical difference (P = .83). In addition, a greater increase in growth of the endometriosis foci was found when compared with the control (75.81 mm3 ± 58.95) and ginger groups (2.07 mm3 ± 18.87) (P = .004). No difference was found in TNF-α (P = .51) and in IL-6 (P = .12). The degree of lesion atrophy was higher in the ginger group (1 ± 0.92) than in the control group (2.25 ± 1.16) (P = .03). The ginger extract reduced and atrophied autotransplanted endometriosis foci, but did not reduce IL-6 and TNF-α in the peritoneal lavage fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Nogueira Neto
- Department of Medicine I, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
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24
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Ranneh Y, Akim AM, Hamid HA, Khazaai H, Fadel A, Zakaria ZA, Albujja M, Bakar MFA. Honey and its nutritional and anti-inflammatory value. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:30. [PMID: 33441127 PMCID: PMC7807510 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the main key role in developing chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases which possess a huge challenge for treatment. With massively compelling evidence of the role played by nutritional modulation in preventing inflammation-related diseases, there is a growing interest into the search for natural functional foods with therapeutic and preventive actions. Honey, a nutritional healthy product, is produced mainly by two types of bees: honeybee and stingless bee. Since both types of honey possess distinctive phenolic and flavonoid compounds, there is recently an intensive interest in their biological and clinical actions against inflammation-mediated chronic diseases. This review shed the light specifically on the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of honey polyphenols and highlight their roles in targeting inflammatory pathways in gastrointestinal tract disorders, edema, cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Ranneh
- Department of Technology and Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdah Md Akim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hasiah Ab Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Huzwah Khazaai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdulmannan Fadel
- Sport and Exercises Sciences School, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Albujja
- Department of Forensic Biology, Faculty of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 14812, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar
- Department of Technology and Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
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Mohd Kamal DA, Ibrahim SF, Kamal H, Kashim MIAM, Mokhtar MH. Physicochemical and Medicinal Properties of Tualang, Gelam and Kelulut Honeys: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010197. [PMID: 33435215 PMCID: PMC7827892 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tualang, Gelam and Kelulut honeys are tropical rainforest honeys reported to have various medicinal properties. Studies related to the medicinal properties and physicochemical characteristics of these honeys are growing extensively and receiving increased attention. This review incorporated and analysed the findings on the biological and physicochemical properties of these honeys. Tualang, Gelam and Kelulut honeys were found to possess a wide variety of biological effects attributed to their physicochemical characteristics. Findings revealed that these honeys have anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties and effects on the cardiovascular system, nervous system and reproductive system. The physicochemical properties of these honeys were compared and discussed and results showed that they have high-quality contents and excellent antioxidant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datu Agasi Mohd Kamal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (D.A.M.K.); (S.F.I.); (H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (D.A.M.K.); (S.F.I.); (H.K.)
| | - Haziq Kamal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (D.A.M.K.); (S.F.I.); (H.K.)
| | - Mohd Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim
- Centre for Contemporary Fiqh and Sharia Compliance, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
- Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Helmy Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (D.A.M.K.); (S.F.I.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9145-8619
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Molecular mechanism-based therapeutic properties of honey. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Shin MR, Park HJ, Seo BI, Roh SS. New approach of medicinal herbs and sulfasalazine mixture on ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:5272-5286. [PMID: 32994687 PMCID: PMC7504242 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i35.5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfasalazine has been used as a standard-of-care in ulcerative colitis for decades, however, it results in severe adverse symptoms, such as hepatotoxicity, blood disorders, male infertility, and hypospermia. Accordingly, the new treatment strategy has to enhance pharmacological efficacy and stimultaneously minimize side effects.
AIM To compare the anti-inflammatory action of sulfasalazine alone or in combination with herbal medicine for ulcerative colitis in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.
METHODS To induce ulcerative colitis, mice received 5% DSS in drinking water for 7 d. Animals were divided into five groups (n = 9 each) for use as normal (non-DSS), DSS controls, DSS + sulfasalazine (30 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals, DSS + sulfasalazine (60 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals, DSS + sulfasalazine (30 mg/kg) + Citrus unshiu peel and Bupleuri radix mixture (30 mg/kg) (SCPB)-treatment experimentals.
RESULTS The SCPB treatment showed an outstanding effectiveness in counteracting the ulcerative colitis, as evidenced by reduction in body weight, improvement in crypt morphology, increase in antioxidant defenses, down-regulation of proinflammatory proteins and cytokines, and inhibition of proteins related to apoptosis.
CONCLUSION SCPB may represent a promising alternative therapeutic against ulcerative colitis, without inducing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Rae Shin
- Department of Herbology, Korean Medicine College, Daegu Haany University, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, South Korea
| | - Hae-Jin Park
- DHU Bio Convergence Testing Center, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38610, South Korea
| | - Bu-Il Seo
- Department of Herbology, Korean Medicine College, Daegu Haany University, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, South Korea
| | - Seong-Soo Roh
- Department of Herbology, Korean Medicine College, Daegu Haany University, Suseong-gu, Deagu 42158, South Korea
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Malami I, Jagaba NM, Abubakar IB, Muhammad A, Alhassan AM, Waziri PM, Yakubu Yahaya IZ, Mshelia HE, Mathias SN. Integration of medicinal plants into the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of cancer in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04830. [PMID: 32939417 PMCID: PMC7479351 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore and record various medicinal plants integrated into the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of cancer. The traditional system of medicine is a routine practiced among the indigenous ethnic groups of Sokoto state. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed and used for data collection around the selected Local Government Areas. A substantial number of plant species were identified, recorded, and collected for preservation. Data collected for each specie was analysed to assess its frequent use among the medicinal plants. A total of 67 species belonging to 31 families have been identified and recorded. Out of the 473 frequency of citation (FC), Acacia nilotica was the most frequently cited specie (32 FC, 64% FC, 0.6 RFC), followed by Guiera senegalensis (27 FC, 54% FC, 0.5 RFC), Erythrina sigmoidea (17 FC, 34% FC, 0.3 RFC), and subsequently Combretum camporum (15 FC, 30% FC, 0.3 RFC). The most common parts of the plants used include the barks (55.2%), the roots (53.2%), and the leaves (41.8%). Additionally, decoction (74.6%), powdered form (49.3%), and maceration (46.3%) are the most frequently used mode of preparation. The historical knowledge of a traditional system of medicine practiced by the native traditional healers of Sokoto for the treatment of cancer has been documented. The present study further provides a baseline for future pharmacological investigations into the beneficial effects of such medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Malami
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training (CAMRET), Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
| | - Nasiru Muhammad Jagaba
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Babangida Abubakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, PMB 1144, Kebbi State, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810271, Nigeria
| | - Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Peter Maitama Waziri
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Main Campus, PMB 2336, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Zakiyya Yakubu Yahaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Halilu Emmanuel Mshelia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Sylvester Nefy Mathias
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
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29
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Yan Y, Lin HW, Zhuang ZN, Li M, Guo S. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist enhances chemosensitivity to fluorouracil in treatment of Kras mutant colon cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:877-892. [PMID: 32879665 PMCID: PMC7443842 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i8.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kras mutant colon cancer shows abnormal activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, resulting in the proliferation of tumor cells. Treatment with fluorouracil (5-FU) might not achieve the expected inhibition of proliferation of malignant cells based on the fluorouracil-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway.
AIM To detect whether interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) could increase the chemosensitivity to 5-FU by decreasing the activation of the NF-κB pathway and reducing the proliferation of colon cancer cells.
METHODS Western blot analysis was performed to detect the persistent activation of the NF-κB pathway in colon cancer cell lines. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the IL-1RA-reduced expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-21 and TLR4 in colon cancer cell lines. We used a xenograft nude mouse model to demonstrate the downregulation of the NF-κB pathway by blocking the NF-κB-regulated IL-1α feedforward loop, which could increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in inhibiting tumor cell growth.
RESULTS IL-1 receptor antagonist could decrease the expression of IL-1α and IL-1β and downregulate the activity of the NF-κB pathway in Kras mutant colon cancer cells. Treatment with 5-FU combined with IL-1RA could increase the chemosensitivity of the SW620 cell line, and decreased expression of the TAK1/NF-κB and MEK pathways resulted in limited proliferation in the SW620 cell line.
CONCLUSION Adjuvant chemotherapy with IL-1RA and 5-FU has a stronger effect than single chemotherapeutic drugs. IL-1RA combined with fluorouracil could be a potential neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Operating Room, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Wei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Zhuo-Nan Zhuang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zouping Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhouping 256200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Improvement of Inflammation through Antioxidant Pathway of Gardeniae Fructus 50% EtOH Extract (GE) from Acute Reflux Esophagitis Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4826176. [PMID: 32185206 PMCID: PMC7060875 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4826176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus 50% EtOH extract (GE) is a traditional herb that has been used to treat a variety of diseases. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties of GE on acute reflux-induced esophagitis (RE) model in rats. 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of GE. GE was given orally at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight 1h 30 min prior to RE induction. And its effect was assessed in comparison with RE control and normal groups. The administration of the extract of the GE showed remarkable protection of mucosal damage in esophageal tissue, and the histologic observation showed that the gastric lesion was improved. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the serum were diminished by GE treatment. The antioxidative biomarkers including nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were significantly increased. GE administration significantly reduced the inflammatory protein expression through MAPK-related signaling pathways and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. These results suggest that GE protects the esophagus mucosal membrane by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response under reflux esophagitis condition through the antioxidant pathway. Therefore, it is suggested that GE may be a potential remedy for the treatment of reflux esophagitis.
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31
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Quinacrine causes apoptosis in human cancer cell lines through caspase-mediated pathway and regulation of small-GTPase. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-0011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Samanta A, Ravindran G, Sarkar A. Quinacrine causes apoptosis in human cancer cell lines through caspase-mediated pathway and regulation of small-GTPase. J Biosci 2020; 45:43. [PMID: 32098922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quinacrine (QC), an FDA-approved anti-malarial drug, has shown to have anticancer activities. Due to its 'shotgun' nature, QC has become an inevitable candidate for combination chemotherapy. There is lack of study of the molecular interplay between colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment and its metastasis. In this study, we focused on the differential anti-cancerous effect of QC on two different human cancer cell lines, HCT 116 and INT 407. Results suggest that cytotoxicity increased in both the cell lines with an increase in QC concentration. The expression patterns of small-GTPases and caspases were altered significantly in QC-treated cells compared to non-treated cells. HSP70 and p53 showed comparable differences in the expression pattern. The wound-healing assay showed an increase in the denuded zone, with an increase in the concentration of QC. The formation of apoptotic nuclei increased with a rise in the concentration of QC in both the cell lines. The decrease and increase in caspase 9 and caspase 3 expression respectively were studied, confirming apoptosis by the extrinsic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Samanta
- CMBL, Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla, Goa Campus, Zuarinagar 403 726, India
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33
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Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Zingiber officinale Essential Oil and Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2524-1.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has been traditionally employed in south East Asia as well as India and China for treatment of nausea, asthma, fever, vomiting, cough, constipation, pain, arthritis, inflammation, etc. This chapter discusses the phytochemical composition and pharmacological studies of ginger extracts, ginger essential oil (GEO), and active bioactive constituents. The essential oil of fresh and dry ginger was ranged between 0.2% - 2.62% and 0.72% - 4.17% respectively. The bioactive constituent zingiberene, β-sesquiphellandrene, curcumene, β-bisabolene, β-farnesene, camphene, and gingerol and shogal are the major constituents in ginger extracts. These compounds are chief bioactive substances responsible for pharmacological activities such antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anticoagulant, antiradiation, anti-inflammatory, gastrointestinal, antimicrobial, cardiovascular, anti-obesity, and weight loss effects. Future research needs to investigate the suitable duration, maximum dosage of ginger, concerns of overdosage, and its side effects in animal models and humans.
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Therapeutic and preventive properties of honey and its bioactive compounds in cancer: an evidence-based review. Nutr Res Rev 2019; 33:50-76. [PMID: 31791437 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422419000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the much improved therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment that have been developed over the past 50 years, cancer remains a major cause of mortality globally. Considerable epidemiological and experimental evidence has demonstrated an association between ingestion of food and nutrients with either an increased risk for cancer or its prevention. There is rising interest in exploring agents derived from natural products for chemoprevention or for therapeutic purposes. Honey is rich in nutritional and non-nutritional bioactive compounds, as well as in natural antioxidants, and its potential beneficial function in human health is becoming more evident. A large number of studies have addressed the anti-cancer effects of different types of honey and their phenolic compounds using in vitro and in vivo cancer models. The reported findings affirm that honey is an agent able to modulate oxidative stress and has anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and anti-metastatic properties. However, despite its reported anti-cancer activities, very few clinical studies have been undertaken. In the present review, we summarise the findings from different experimental approaches, including in vitro cell cultures, preclinical animal models and clinical studies, and provide an overview of the bioactive profile and bioavailability of the most commonly studied honey types, with special emphasis on the chemopreventive and therapeutic properties of honey and its major phenolic compounds in cancer. The implications of these findings as well as the future prospects of utilising honey to fight cancer will be discussed.
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Zhao H, Cheng N, Zhou W, Chen S, Wang Q, Gao H, Xue X, Wu L, Cao W. Honey Polyphenols Ameliorate DSS‐Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Gut Microbiota in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900638. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoan Zhao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Ni Cheng
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Sinan Chen
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Hui Gao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Institute of Apicultural ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100093 China
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100093 China
| | - Wei Cao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
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Mao QQ, Xu XY, Cao SY, Gan RY, Corke H, Beta T, Li HB. Bioactive Compounds and Bioactivities of Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Foods 2019; 8:E185. [PMID: 31151279 PMCID: PMC6616534 DOI: 10.3390/foods8060185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a common and widely used spice. It is rich in various chemical constituents, including phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, and raw fibers. The health benefits of ginger are mainly attributed to its phenolic compounds, such as gingerols and shogaols. Accumulated investigations have demonstrated that ginger possesses multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, respiratory protective, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antinausea, and antiemetic activities. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger, and the mechanisms of action are also discussed. We hope that this updated review paper will attract more attention to ginger and its further applications, including its potential to be developed into functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Trust Beta
- Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
- Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Roslan NH, Makpol S, Mohd Yusof YA. A Review on Dietary Intervention in Obesity Associated Colon Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1309-1319. [PMID: 31127882 PMCID: PMC6857900 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.5.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. According to National Cancer Registry, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Peninsular Malaysia increases with age. The incidence is highest among Chinese population but lower among Indians and Malays. Many reviews have suggested that obesity may be associated with a higher risk (>50%) of colorectal cancer. Methods: This study collects a comprehensive data from the literature review available from respective journals on dietary intervention and the chemo-protective mechanisms of a few natural resources in obesity -associated colon cancer based on previous and current studies. Results: In obesity-associated colon cancer, the genes of interest and pathways that are mainly involved include NFκB, P13K/Akt, and MAPK pathways, and FTO, leptin, Cyclin D, MMPs, and STAT3 genes. Dietary modification is one of the alternative steps in early prevention of colon cancer. It has been proposed that the components present in certain foods may have the ability to protect against many diseases including the prevention of cancer. Conclusion: There are many factors that lead to obesity-associated colon cancer and the mechanisms behind it is still undergoing intensive research. This review aims to scrutinize research as well as reviews that have been previously reported on obesity associated colorectal cancer and the beneficial effects of including antioxidants-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits in the diet to reduce the risk of obesity associated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Roslan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - S Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Y A Mohd Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Han X, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Zhang J, Li M, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Chu L. 6-Gingerol, an active pungent component of ginger, inhibits L-type Ca 2+ current, contractility, and Ca 2+ transients in isolated rat ventricular myocytes. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1344-1352. [PMID: 31024707 PMCID: PMC6475727 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger has been widely used as a flavor, food, and traditional medicine for centuries. 6-Gingerol (6-Gin) is the active components of ginger and offers some beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Here, the effects of 6-Gin on L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L), contractility, and the Ca2+ transients of rat cardiomyocytes, were investigated via patch-clamp technique and the Ion Optix system. The 6-Gin decreased the ICa-L of normal and ischemic ventricular myocytes by 58.17 ± 1.05% and 55.22 ± 1.34%, respectively. 6-Gin decreased ICa-L in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 31.25 μmol/L. At 300 μmol/L, 6-Gin reduced the cell shortening by 48.87 ± 5.44% and the transients by 42.5 ± 9.79%. The results indicate that the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardio-protective effects of 6-Gin may because of a decreasing of intracellular Ca2+ via the inhibition of ICa-L and contractility in rat cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yingran Liang
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jianping Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Mengying Li
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yurun Xue
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Jingkai Xiao
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
| | - Li Chu
- School of PharmacyHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‐Kidney PatternsShijiazhuangChina
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Ranneh Y, Akim AM, Hamid HA, Khazaai H, Fadel A, Mahmoud AM. Stingless bee honey protects against lipopolysaccharide induced-chronic subclinical systemic inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2, NF-κB and p38 MAPK. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:15. [PMID: 30858869 PMCID: PMC6391794 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological and experimental studies have extensively indicated that chronic subclinical systemic inflammation (CSSI) and oxidative stress are risk factors for several chronic diseases, including cancer, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined the protective effect of stingless bee honey (SBH) supplementation against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced CSSI, pointing to the possible involvement of NF-κB, p38 MAPK and Nrf2 signaling. Methods CSSI was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of LPS three times per week for 28 days, and SBH (4.6 and 9.3 g/kg/day) was supplemented for 30 days. Results LPS-induced rats showed significant leukocytosis, and elevated serum levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), accompanied with diminished antioxidants. Treatment with SBH significantly ameliorated inflammatory markers, MDA and 8-OHdG, and enhanced antioxidants in LPS-induced rats. In addition, SBH decreased NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK, and increased Nrf2 expression in the liver, kidney, heart and lung of LPS-induced rats. Furthermore, SBH prevented LPS-induced histological and functional alterations in the liver, kidney, heart and lung of rats. Conclusion SBH has a substantial protective role against LPS-induced CSSI in rats mediated via amelioration of inflammation, oxidative stress and NF-κB, p38 MAPK and Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Ranneh
- 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abdah Md Akim
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Hasiah Ab Hamid
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Huzwah Khazaai
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abdulmannan Fadel
- 3School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- 4Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Combinatorial Cytotoxic Effects of Gelam Honey and 5-Fluorouracil against Human Adenocarcinoma Colon Cancer HT-29 Cells In Vitro. Int J Cell Biol 2019; 2019:3059687. [PMID: 30923553 PMCID: PMC6408991 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3059687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of natural products with chemodrugs is becoming a trend in discovering new therapeutics approach for enhancing the cancer treatment process. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptosis induction of Gelam honey (GH) combined with or without 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on HT-29 cells. The cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay to assess cytotoxicity. Morphological changes and apoptosis were determined by the inverted microscope, Annexin V-FITC, and DNA fragmentation via flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Our results demonstrate that combined treatment revealed a remarkable and concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on HT-29 cells in comparison with GH and 5-FU alone. Flow cytometry analysis showed that early apoptosis event was more pronounced in combined treatment. In addition, compared to 5-FU alone, apoptosis of HT-29 cells treated with combinations of GH and 5-FU demonstrated increasing percentages of fragmented DNA. Our results suggest that GH has a synergistic cytotoxic effect with 5-FU in HT-29 cell lines in vitro. Although the actions of the molecular mechanisms are not yet clear, the results reveal that the combination of GH and 5-FU could have the potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, Rahmani AH. Ginger: A Novel Strategy to Battle Cancer through Modulating Cell Signalling Pathways: A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:5-16. [PMID: 30659535 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190119142331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have been performed in understanding the development of cancer. Though, the mechanism of action of genes in the development of cancer remains to be explained. The current mode of treatment of cancer shows adverse effects on normal cells and also alter the cell signalling pathways. However, ginger and its active compound have fascinated research based on animal model and laboratories during the past decade due to its potentiality in killing cancer cells. Ginger is a mixture of various compounds including gingerol, paradol, zingiberene and shogaol and such compounds are the main players in diseases management. Most of the health-promoting effects of ginger and its active compound can be attributed due to its antioxidant and anti-tumour activity. Besides, the active compound of ginger has proven its role in cancer management through its modulatory effect on tumour suppressor genes, cell cycle, apoptosis, transcription factors, angiogenesis and growth factor. In this review, the role of ginger and its active compound in the inhibition of cancer growth through modulating cell signalling pathways will be reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou G, Yang J, Song P. Correlation of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway with proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:2266-2270. [PMID: 30675292 PMCID: PMC6341783 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) signaling pathway in the proliferation and apoptosis of human colon cancer cells was studied. The transduction process of ERK/MAPK signaling pathway was inhibited using methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) inhibitor U0126. Promoting effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on proliferation of human colon cancer cells was detected via Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8), the cycle and apoptosis of human colon cancer cells were detected via flow cytometry, and the migration of human colon cancer cells was detected via wound healing assay. The results revealed that after drug treatment for 48 h, there were statistically significant differences in 4 and 8 µmol/l U0126 experimental group compared with control group (P<0.05). Compared with those in control group, G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase and proliferation index (PI) in 2, 4 and 8 µmol/l U0126 group had statistically significant differences (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in comparison of G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase and PI between control and 8 µmol/l U0126 group (P<0.05). Compared with that in control group, the cell migration distance in 8 µmol/l U0126 group had a statistically significant difference after drug treatment for 24 h (P<0.05). After drug treatment for 48 and 72 h, the cell migration distance in 4 and 8 µmol/l U0126 group was significantly reduced, and the differences were statistically significant compared with that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, ERK/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in the effects of HGF of promoting proliferation and regulating cell cycle and apoptosis of human colon cancer cells, providing a new approach for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Park J, Jang JH, Kim JH. Mediatory role of BLT2 in the proliferation of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:329-336. [PMID: 30553812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory lipid mediators play various roles in colorectal cancer progression through complex pathways. However, the mechanism by which lipoxygenase-derived inflammatory lipid mediators contribute to colorectal cancer progression remains elusive. In this study, we found that BLT2, a cell surface GPCR for leukotriene B4 and 12‑hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, is highly upregulated in KRAS mutant LOVO and SW480 colorectal cancer cells and plays critical roles in mediating proliferation through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and subsequent upregulation of cyclin D1. Exposure to BLT2 siRNA or LY255283, a specific BLT2 inhibitor, clearly suppressed the proliferation of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells and markedly increased cell cycle arrest by downregulating the PI3K/Akt-cyclin D1 cascade. Xenograft tumor formation by LOVO and SW480 cells in athymic mice was also substantially reduced by treatment with the BLT2 inhibitor in vivo. Together, our study demonstrates that BLT2 is necessary for the proliferation of LOVO and SW480 cells and thus may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of KRAS mutant colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeIn Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Jang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Afrin S, Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernández TY, Cianciosi D, Reboredo-Rodriguez P, Amici A, Quiles JL, Battino M. The inhibitory effect of Manuka honey on human colon cancer HCT-116 and LoVo cell growth. Part 1: the suppression of cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and arrest of the cell cycle. Food Funct 2018; 9:2145-2157. [PMID: 29645049 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00164b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Numerous investigations have been made on plant phenolic compounds and cancer prevention in recent decades. Manuka honey (MH) represents a good source of phenolic compounds such as luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, gallic acid and syringic acid. The aim of this work was to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of MH on human colon cancer HCT-116 and LoVo cells. Both cells were exposed to different concentrations of MH (0-20 mg mL-1 for HCT-116 cells and 0-50 mg mL-1 for LoVo cells) for 48 h to measure apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as well as apoptosis and cell cycle regulatory gene and protein expression. MH exhibited profound inhibitory effects on cellular growth by reducing the proliferation ability, inducing apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, MH treatment in non-malignant cells did not exert any significant toxicity at similar concentrations. The apoptosis event was associated with the increasing expression of p53, cleaved-PARP and caspase-3 and with the activation of both intrinsic (caspase-9) and extrinsic (caspase-8) apoptotic pathways. MH induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase in HCT-116 cells, and simultaneously, in LoVo cells, it occurred in the G2/M phase through the modulation of cell cycle regulator genes (cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4, p21, p27 and Rb). The expression of p-Akt was suppressed while the expression of p-p38MAPK, p-Erk1/2 and endoplasmic stress markers (ATF6 and XBP1) was increased for apoptosis induction. Overall, these findings indicate that MH could be a promising preventive or curative food therapy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afrin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
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α-Hederin Arrests Cell Cycle at G2/M Checkpoint and Promotes Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Blocking Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling in Colon Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2548378. [PMID: 30363706 PMCID: PMC6180961 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2548378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer represents the third most common malignancy worldwide. New drugs with high efficaciousness and safety for the treatment of colon cancer are urgently needed in clinical context. Here, we were aimed to evaluate the antitumor activity of the natural compound α-hederin in human colon cancer cells. We treated SW620 cells with interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vitro to mimic the paracrine inflammatory microenvironment of tumor cells. α-Hederin concentration dependently reduced the viability of IL-6-stimulated SW620 cells. α-Hederin increased the number of IL-6-stimulated SW620 cells at the G2/M phase and reduced the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1. Moreover, α-hederin induced apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in IL-6-stimulated SW620 cells. α-Hederin downregulated Bcl-2 expression, upregulated Bax expression, and promoted cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm. Additionally, α-hederin elevated the levels of cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-PARP, but had little effects on the levels of cleaved-caspase-8. Moreover, α-hederin prevented the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and reduced the phosphorylation of IκBα and IKKα, suggesting the blockade of NF-κB signaling. NF-κB inhibitor PDTC not only produced similar proapoptotic effects on IL-6-stimulated SW620 cells as α-hederin did, but also synergistically enhanced α-hederin's proapoptotic effects. Furthermore, α-hederin inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK in IL-6-stimulated SW620 cells, which was involved in α-hederin blockade of NF-κB nuclear translocation. Altogether, α-hederin suppressed viability, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, and stimulated mitochondrial and caspase-dependent apoptosis in colon cancer cells, which were associated with disruption of NF-κB and ERK pathways, suggesting α-hederin as a promising candidate for intervention of colon cancer.
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Functional foods and cancer on Pinterest and PubMed: myths and science. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO328. [PMID: 30416741 PMCID: PMC6225095 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This article examines whether social media postings dealing with cancer and so-called 'functional foods' simply reflect a fashionable subject or are based on scientific evidence. Methods The first step consisted of an analysis of a sample of Pins published on Pinterest. The second consisted of an analysis to determine whether the content of the Pins was based on scientific research. Results From a set of 507 Pins on cancer, we found 204 that also dealt with food. We selected 75 Pins representing different foods and we identified about 80,000 scientific articles on cancer and food indexed in PubMed. Conclusion We concluded that material published on Pinterest has some correlation with the scientific literature.
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Paul B, Li Y, Tollefsbol TO. The Effects of Combinatorial Genistein and Sulforaphane in Breast Tumor Inhibition: Role in Epigenetic Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061754. [PMID: 29899271 PMCID: PMC6032337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary compounds that possess the properties of altering epigenetic processes are gaining popularity as targets for cancer prevention studies. These compounds when administered at optimal concentrations and especially in combination can have enhanced effects in cancer prevention or therapy. It is important to study the interaction of two or more compounds in order to assess their role in enhancing prevention. Genistein (GEN), found in soy, has been extensively studied for its role as an epigenetic modifier especially as a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor and sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, is known as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. However, very little is known about the effects of these two compounds in conjunction in breast cancer prevention or therapy. In our current study, we determined that, at certain doses, the compounds have synergistic effects in decreasing cellular viability of breast cancer cell lines. Our results indicate that the combination of GEN and SFN is much more effective than their single doses in increasing the rate of apoptosis and lowering the colony forming potential of these cells. We determined that these compounds inhibit cell cycle progression to G2 phase in MDA-MB-231 and G1 phase in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Additionally, we determined that the combination is effective as an HDAC and histone methyltransferase (HMT) inhibitor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that this combination downregulates the levels of HDAC2 and HDAC3 both at the mRNA and protein levels. We also found that these compounds have the potential to downregulate KLF4 levels, which plays an important role in stem cell formation. The combination of GEN and SFN is also effective in downregulating hTERT levels, which is known to be activated when KLF4 binds to its promoter region. Our hypothesis is further strengthened by in vivo studies, where the combination is administered to transgenic mice in the form of genistein and SFN-enriched broccoli sprouts. We have demonstrated that the combination is more effective in preventing or treating mammary cancer via extending tumor latency and reducing tumor volumes/sizes than either of these dietary components administered alone. These results are consistent with our in vitro study suggesting potential preventive and therapeutic effects of this novel dietary combinatorial approach against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Paul
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Tao J, Li Y, Li S, Li HB. Plant foods for the prevention and management of colon cancer. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Han C, Xing G, Zhang M, Zhong M, Han Z, He C, Liu X. Wogonoside inhibits cell growth and induces mitochondrial-mediated autophagy-related apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wogonoside, the main effective constituent of traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria, belongs to the glucuronide family, with various functions, including detoxification, anti-inflammation and nourishing gallbladder, lowering blood pressure, diuresis and anti-allergic reactions. However, the effects of wogonoside on human colon cancer cells remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of wogonoside on human colon cancer cells in vitro and its anticancer mechanisms. The results demonstrated that wogonoside significantly inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis and mitochondrial-mediated autophagy of colon cancer cells. Furthermore, the results revealed that wogonoside significantly increased caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression levels, induced apoptosis regulator Bax/Bcl-2 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 protein expression, suppressed the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway and induced p62 protein expression in colon cancer cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that wogonoside inhibits cell growth and induces mitochondrial mediated autophagy-related apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzheng Han
- Clinic of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Guozheng Xing
- School of Management, Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Chiyi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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Badolato M, Carullo G, Cione E, Aiello F, Caroleo MC. From the hive: Honey, a novel weapon against cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:290-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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