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Luo X, Dong Y, Zheng H, Zhou X, Rong L, Liu X, Bai Y, Li Y, Wu Z. CAPN2 correlates with insulin resistance states in PCOS as evidenced by multi-dataset analysis. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:79. [PMID: 38610028 PMCID: PMC11015649 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IR emerges as a feature in the pathophysiology of PCOS, precipitating ovulatory anomalies and endometrial dysfunctions that contribute to the infertility challenges characteristic of this condition. Despite its clinical significance, a consensus on the precise mechanisms by which IR exacerbates PCOS is still lacking. This study aims to harness bioinformatics tools to unearth key IR-associated genes in PCOS patients, providing a platform for future therapeutic research and potential intervention strategies. METHODS We retrieved 4 datasets detailing PCOS from the GEO, and sourced IRGs from the MSigDB. We applied WGCNA to identify gene modules linked to insulin resistance, utilizing IR scores as a phenotypic marker. Gene refinement was executed through the LASSO, SVM, and Boruta feature selection algorithms. qPCR was carried out on selected samples to confirm findings. We predicted both miRNA and lncRNA targets using the ENCORI database, which facilitated the construction of a ceRNA network. Lastly, a drug-target network was derived from the CTD. RESULTS Thirteen genes related to insulin resistance in PCOS were identified via WGCNA analysis. LASSO, SVM, and Boruta algorithms further isolated CAPN2 as a notably upregulated gene, corroborated by biological verification. The ceRNA network involving lncRNA XIST and hsa-miR-433-3p indicated a possible regulatory link with CAPN2, supported by ENCORI database. Drug prediction analysis uncovered seven pharmacological agents, most being significant regulators of the endocrine system, as potential candidates for addressing insulin resistance in PCOS. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the pivotal role of CAPN2 in insulin resistance within the context of PCOS, emphasizing its importance as both a critical biomarker and a potential therapeutic target. By identifying CAPN2, our research contributes to the expanding evidence surrounding the CAPN family, particularly CAPN10, in insulin resistance studies beyond PCOS. This work enriches our understanding of the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance, offering insights that bridge gaps in the current scientific landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Yunhua Dong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Haishan Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lujuan Rong
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Faculty of Life science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical school, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunxiu Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Healthy Birth and Birth Defect Prevention in Western China, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.
- Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
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Cao L, Wen Y, Fan K, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang N, Zhang X. Association of birth weight with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the mediating role of fatty acids traits: a two-step mendelian randomization study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:97. [PMID: 38566047 PMCID: PMC10986016 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested an association between birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the causality between them has not been established. We aimed to obtain the causal relationship between birth weight with T2DM and quantify the mediating effects of potential modifiable risk factors. METHODS Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques were applied using SNPs as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators. Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for birth weight, T2DM, and a series of fatty acids traits and their ratios were leveraged. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was the main analysis approach. In addition, the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, and leave-one-out analysis were carried out to assess the robustness. RESULTS The IVW method showed that lower birth weight raised the risk of T2DM (β: -1.113, 95% CI: -1.573 ∼ -0.652). Two-step MR identified 4 of 17 candidate mediators partially mediating the effect of lower birth weight on T2DM, including ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids (proportion mediated: 7.9%), ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids (7.2%), ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to total fatty acids (8.1%) and ratio of linoleic acid to total fatty acids ratio (6.0%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings supported a potentially causal effect of birth weight against T2DM with considerable mediation by modifiable risk factors. Interventions that target these factors have the potential to reduce the burden of T2DM attributable to low birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Cao
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yahui Wen
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Keyi Fan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Zhenglong Li
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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Burton MA, Garratt ES, Hewitt MO, Sharkh HY, Antoun E, Westbury LD, Dennison EM, Harvey NC, Cooper C, MacIsaac JL, Kobor MS, Patel HP, Godfrey KM, Lillycrop KA. DNA methylation of insulin signaling pathways is associated with HOMA2-IR in primary myoblasts from older adults. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:17. [PMID: 37898813 PMCID: PMC10612387 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-023-00326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While ageing is associated with increased insulin resistance (IR), the molecular mechanisms underlying increased IR in the muscle, the primary organ for glucose clearance, have yet to be elucidated in older individuals. As epigenetic processes are suggested to contribute to the development of ageing-associated diseases, we investigated whether differential DNA methylation was associated with IR in human primary muscle stem cells (myoblasts) from community-dwelling older individuals. METHODS We measured DNA methylation (Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip) in myoblast cultures from vastus lateralis biopsies (119 males/females, mean age 78.24 years) from the Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study extension (HSSe) and examined differentially methylated cytosine phosphate guanine (CpG) sites (dmCpG), regions (DMRs) and gene pathways associated with HOMA2-IR, an index for the assessment of insulin resistance, and levels of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. RESULTS Thirty-eight dmCpGs (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05) were associated with HOMA2-IR, with dmCpGs enriched in genes linked with JNK, AMPK and insulin signaling. The methylation signal associated with HOMA2-IR was attenuated after the addition of either BMI (6 dmCpGs), appendicular lean mass index (ALMi) (7 dmCpGs), grip strength (15 dmCpGs) or gait speed (23 dmCpGs) as covariates in the model. There were 8 DMRs (Stouffer < 0.05) associated with HOMA2-IR, including DMRs within T-box transcription factor (TBX1) and nuclear receptor subfamily-2 group F member-2 (NR2F2); the DMRs within TBX1 and NR2F2 remained associated with HOMA2-IR after adjustment for BMI, ALMi, grip strength or gait speed. Forty-nine dmCpGs and 21 DMRs were associated with HbA1c, with cg13451048, located within exoribonuclease family member 3 (ERI3) associated with both HOMA2-IR and HbA1c. HOMA2-IR and HbA1c were not associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that insulin resistance is associated with differential DNA methylation in human primary myoblasts with both muscle mass and body composition making a significant contribution to the methylation changes associated with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Burton
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emma S Garratt
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew O Hewitt
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hanan Y Sharkh
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elie Antoun
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Leo D Westbury
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elaine M Dennison
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Edwin S.H. Leong Healthy Aging Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Harnish P Patel
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Academic Geriatric Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Restoring Epigenetic Reprogramming with Diet and Exercise to Improve Health-Related Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020318. [PMID: 36830687 PMCID: PMC9953584 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming predicts the long-term functional health effects of health-related metabolic disease. This epigenetic reprogramming is activated by exogenous or endogenous insults, leading to altered healthy and different disease states. The epigenetic and environmental changes involve a roadmap of epigenetic networking, such as dietary components and exercise on epigenetic imprinting and restoring epigenome patterns laid down during embryonic development, which are paramount to establishing youthful cell type and health. Nutrition and exercise are among the most well-known environmental epigenetic factors influencing the proper developmental and functional lifestyle, with potential beneficial or detrimental effects on health status. The diet and exercise strategies applied from conception could represent an innovative epigenetic target for preventing and treating human diseases. Here, we describe the potential role of diet and exercise as therapeutic epigenetic strategies for health and diseases, highlighting putative future perspectives in this field.
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Jiang C, Hu Y, Wang S, Chen C. Emerging trends in DNA and RNA methylation modifications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 1992 to 2022. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1145067. [PMID: 37201099 PMCID: PMC10187586 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1145067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a pathological metabolic disorder induced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications, especially DNA and RNA methylation, might be the bridge between hereditary and environmental factors. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the status and prospective trends of the association between T2DM and DNA/RNA methylation modifications by using bibliometric software. Methods All the publications in the Web of Science database for the research of T2DM with DNA and RNA methylation modifications were obtained from the earliest mention to December 2022. CiteSpace software was used to analyze countries, institutions, journals/cited-references, authors/cited-authors, and keywords. Results of the comprehensive visualization and bibliometric analysis were displayed relative to the research hotspots and knowledge structure. Results A total of 1,233 publications related to DNA and RNA methylation modifications and T2DM were collected. The number of publications per year and the overall trend consistently and significantly increased during the investigation period. Based on the highest publication counts, the most influential country was the USA, while Lund University was the most productive institution. DIABETES was considered the most popular journal. The most frequent keywords identified in the field of methylation and T2DM were mainly involved in developmental origin, insulin resistance, and metabolism. The study suggested that the study of methylation modifications had an increasingly significant role in understanding the progression of T2DM. Conclusion CiteSpace visualization software was utilized to investigate the status and trends of DNA and RNA methylation modifications in the pathology of T2DM over the past 30 years. Findings from the study provide a guiding perspective for researchers regarding future research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Jiang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sinuo Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Rehabilitation Industry Institute, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Cong Chen,
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Liu C, Li M, Yin Q, Fan Y, Shen C, Yang R. HTRA1 methylation in peripheral blood as a potential marker for the preclinical detection of stroke: a case-control study and a prospective nested case-control study. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:191. [PMID: 36581876 PMCID: PMC9801609 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is the leading cause of mortality in China. DNA methylation has essential roles in multiple diseases, but its association with stroke was barely studied. We hereby explored the association between blood-based HTRA serine protease 1 (HTRA1) methylation and the risk of stroke. RESULTS The association was discovered in a hospital-based case-control study (cases/controls = 190:190) and further validated in a prospective nested case-control study including 139 cases who developed stroke within 2 years after recruitment and 144 matched stroke-free controls. We observed stroke-related altered HTRA1 methylation and expression in both case-control study and prospective study. This blood-based HTRA1 methylation was associated with stroke independently from the known risk factors and mostly affected the older population. The prospective results further showed that the altered HTRA1 methylation was detectable 2 years before the clinical determination of stroke and became more robust with increased discriminatory power for stroke along with time when combined with other known stroke-related variables [onset time ≤ 1 year: area under the curve (AUC) = 0.76]. CONCLUSIONS In our study, altered HTRA1 methylation was associated with stroke at clinical and preclinical stages and thus may provide a potential biomarker in the blood for the risk evaluation and preclinical detection of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qiming Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yao Fan
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Affiliated Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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de Souza MLM, Borçoi AR, Dutra BAB, Dos Santos Vieira T, Mendes SO, Nascimento IAA, Quaioto BR, Olinda AS, Cunha ER, Freitas FV, Pinheiro JA, Dos Santos JG, Sorroche BP, Arantes LMRB, Sartório CL, da Silva AMA. Lifestyle and NR3C1 exon 1F gene methylation is associated with changes in glucose levels and insulin resistance. Life Sci 2022; 309:120940. [PMID: 36108769 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS the present study aimed to investigate how glucose and insulin levels may be associated with changes in NR3C1 gene methylation levels in adults. MAIN METHODS 375 volunteers users of the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS) were recruited to assess socioeconomic status, lifestyle, anthropometric data, blood glucose and serum cortisol levels, insulin resistance, and NR3C1 gene methylation assessment. Factors associated with glucose levels and insulin resistance were investigated using multivariate analysis GLzM at 5 % significance (p < 0.05). KEY FINDINGS our results verified that glucose levels and insulin resistance were directly related to NR3C1 gene methylation and age, while not being overweight and obese and no tobacco consumption were indirectly related to glucose levels and insulin resistance. SIGNIFICANCE habits and lifestyle may influence NR3C1 gene regulation, revealing the complexity of environmental impacts on NR3C1 methylation. Furthermore, associated risk factors must be taken into account in epigenetic studies as they directly interfere with blood glucose levels and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Ribeiro Borçoi
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Tamires Dos Santos Vieira
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Barbara Risse Quaioto
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Amanda Sgrancio Olinda
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ester Ribeiro Cunha
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávia Vitorino Freitas
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Julia Assis Pinheiro
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Pereira Sorroche
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Hospital do Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carmem Luíza Sartório
- Biotechnology/Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Rawat K, Sandhu A, Gautam V, Saha PK, Saha L. Role of genomic DNA methylation in PCOS pathogenesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis involving case controlled clinical studies. Mol Hum Reprod 2022; 28:6631266. [PMID: 35789386 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PCOS is often associated with aberrant DNA methylation. Despite the advances in diagnostics and treatment of PCOS, the pathophysiological mechanism remain unknown. Several genes are epigenetically dysregulated in PCOS and associated with pathological consequences of PCOS and metabolic comorbidities, however the methylation status of specific genes and to what extent the genes are deregulated in terms of methylation pattern are unknown. This review aimed to analyse the existing data for specific genes and find conclusive evidence of their involvement in PCOS and associated risks. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in five electronic databases. The case-controlled clinical studies using both PCOS and healthy women and evaluating the methylation pattern without any treatment or intervention were included in the study. A random-effect model was used to extract the data for meta-analysis, and outcomes were expressed as standardized mean difference with a 95% CI. From 541 screened records, 41 studies were included in the review and 21 of them were used for meta-analysis of 20 genes. Meta-analysis revealed a significant global DNA hypomethylation in different tissues and peripheral blood of patients with PCOS compared to healthy controls. Specific gene methylation assessment revealed that genes associated with several functions were significantly hypomethylated and hypermethylated in patients with PCOS. This review provides conclusive evidence of epigenetic deregulation of specific genes in PCOS. These genes can potentially be used to develop diagnostic biomarkers or as targets for personalised therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Rawat
- Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, India- 160012
| | - Arushi Sandhu
- Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, India- 160012
| | - Vipasha Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, India- 160012
| | - Pradip Kumar Saha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India- 160012
| | - Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, India- 160012
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Piyathilake CJ, Badiga S, Hernandez A, Brill IK, Jolly PE. The consumption of micronutrients in relation to calorie intake and risk of insulin resistance. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1385-1391. [PMID: 35282985 PMCID: PMC9167206 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adequate dietary intakes of essential micronutrients are critical to prevent insulin resistance (IR)-related diseases. Even though the excess calorie intake linked with obesity is also associated with such diseases, no previous studies evaluated the importance of meeting the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) of micronutrients in relation to calorie intake in those at risk for developing IR. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated the relationship between the ability or failure to meet the DRI of micronutrients in relation to daily calorie intake in 463 childbearing-age women with a higher prevalence of IR. 56-65% women met the DRIs for vitamin B12, vitamin C, thiamine, and riboflavin while only 0%-49% met the DRIs for folate, pyridoxine, niacin, pantothenic acid, total carotene, vitamins A, D and E by consuming an acceptable number of calories. Women who met the DRIs of folate and vitamin C within acceptable daily calorie intakes were 59% and 66% less likely to have higher Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to women who did not. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the mechanisms that explain our findings will be of value to address IR-associated with exposure to high calorie/low-micronutrient dense diets consumed by childbearing-age women. Since there is a global recognition that IR has been increasing in adults and children, similar studies of this nature in pregnant women at risk for IR will provide much needed data to assess the burden of such adverse dietary habits in the offspring. Our study approach may form the foundation for such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrika J Piyathilake
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Department of Nutrition Sciences, United States.
| | - Suguna Badiga
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Department of Nutrition Sciences, United States
| | - Adrianna Hernandez
- Florida International University College of Arts Sciences and Education, United States
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Prasad M, Rajagopal P, Devarajan N, Veeraraghavan VP, Palanisamy CP, Cui B, Patil S, Jayaraman S. A comprehensive review on high fat diet-induced diabetes mellitus: An epigenetic view. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 107:109037. [PMID: 35533900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Modern lifestyle, genetics, nutritional overload through high-fat diet attributed prevalence and diabetes outcomes with various complications primarily due to obesity in which energy-dense diets frequently affect metabolic health. One possible issue usually associated with elevated chronic fat intake is insulin resistance, and hyperglycaemia constitutes an important function in altering the carbohydrates and lipids metabolism. Similarly, in assessing human susceptibility to weight gain and obesity, genetic variations play a central role, contributing to keen interest in identifying the possible role of epigenetics as a mediator of gene-environmental interactions influencing the production of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related concerns. Epigenetic modifications associated with the acceptance of a sedentary lifestyle and environmental stress factors in response to energy intake and expenditure imbalances complement genetic alterations and lead to the production and advancement of metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity. Methylation of DNA, histone modifications and increases in the expression of non-coding RNAs can result in reduced transcriptional activity of key β-cell genes thus creating insulin resistance. Epigenetics contribute to changes in the expression of the underlying insulin resistance and insufficiency gene networks, along with low-grade obesity-related inflammation, increased ROS generation and DNA damage in multi organs. This review focused on epigenetic mechanisms and metabolic regulations associated with high fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Prasad
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and diagnostic (CoMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakhsi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600 095, India
| | - Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakhsi Academy of Higher Education and Research, West K.K. Nagar, Chennai, 600 078, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and diagnostic (CoMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.
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11
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Tsosura TVS, Mattera MSDLC, Chiba FY, Carnevali ACN, Belardi BE, Dos Santos RM, Cintra LTA, Lopes FL, Scaramele NF, Matsushita DH. Effect of maternal apical periodontitis on the final step of insulin signalling and inflammatory pathway in the adult male offspring of rats. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2113-2124. [PMID: 34389996 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the final step of insulin signalling, inflammatory pathway (related to the inhibition of insulin signalling), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) protein content and DNA methylation in the Slc2a4 gene promoter region in the skeletal muscle of adult male offspring of rats with apical periodontitis (AP) in a single tooth or in four teeth. METHODOLOGY Female Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: a control group, a group with one tooth with AP and a group with four teeth with AP. Thirty days after induction of AP, female rats from all groups were mated with healthy male rats. When male offspring reached 75 days of age, the following analyses were performed in the gastrocnemius muscle (GM): insulin-stimulated Akt serine and threonine phosphorylation status; NF-κB p50 and p65 subunits phosphorylation status; GLUT4, TNF-α and PGC-1α protein content by Western blotting; GLUT4 and TNF-α gene expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); and DNA methylation in the Slc2a4 gene promoter region by restriction digestion and real-time PCR. Analysis of variance was performed, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. p values <.05 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS Maternal AP in four teeth decreased insulin-stimulated Akt serine and threonine phosphorylation status, reduced GLUT4 gene expression and its protein content, and increased NF-κB p50 and p65 subunits phosphorylation status in the GM of adult offspring. There were no alterations in the parameters analysed in the GM of adult offspring of rats with AP in a single tooth. In addition, maternal AP did not affect TNF-α gene expression and its protein content, PGC-1α protein content and DNA methylation in the Slc2a4 gene promoter region in the GM of adult offspring. CONCLUSIONS Maternal AP in four teeth was associated with impairment in the final step of insulin signalling in the GM of adult male offspring in rats. An increase in NF-κB activity may be involved in this decrease in insulin signalling. This study demonstrates the impact of maternal AP on the health of offspring, demonstrating the importance of maintaining adequate maternal oral health to prevent diseases in adult offspring in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Verônica Saori Tsosura
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF)/Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Yamamoto Chiba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Elvira Belardi
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF)/Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Martins Dos Santos
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF)/Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lombardi Lopes
- Department of Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Natália Francisco Scaramele
- Department of Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Doris Hissako Matsushita
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF)/Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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12
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Pang M, Li Y, Gu W, Sun Z, Wang Z, Li L. Recent Advances in Epigenetics of Macrovascular Complications in Diabetes Mellitus. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:186-196. [PMID: 32873490 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic and endocrine disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for >90% of people with diabetes. Disorders of blood glucose metabolism and a series of adverse reactions triggered by hyperglycaemia-such as oxidative stress and inflammation-are conducive to the occurrence of diabetic macrovascular complications, which pose severe challenges to the quality of life and life expectancy of people with diabetes. In recent years, epigenetics has attracted more and more researchers' attention as they explore the causes and treatment of diabetes. Epigenetics refers to the regulation of gene expression without changes in gene content. Research focusses on DNA methylation, histone post-translational modification and non-coding RNA. A series of studies have shown that epigenetic regulation accelerates the development of atherosclerosis by interfering with the physiological activities of macrophages, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, such as inflammation, lipid deposition and apoptosis. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore new epigenetic discoveries to reduce the severity and harmfulness of diabetes. This study reviewed recent advances in epigenetics in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its macrovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchang Pang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yalan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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13
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Yang HJ, Koh E, Sung MK, Kang H. Changes Induced by Mind-Body Intervention Including Epigenetic Marks and Its Effects on Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031317. [PMID: 33525677 PMCID: PMC7865217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have evidenced that epigenetic marks associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be inherited from parents or acquired through fetal and early-life events, as well as through lifelong environments or lifestyles, which can increase the risk of diabetes in adulthood. However, epigenetic modifications are reversible, and can be altered through proper intervention, thus mitigating the risk factors of T2D. Mind-body intervention (MBI) refers to interventions like meditation, yoga, and qigong, which deal with both physical and mental well-being. MBI not only induces psychological changes, such as alleviation of depression, anxiety, and stress, but also physiological changes like parasympathetic activation, lower cortisol secretion, reduced inflammation, and aging rate delay, which are all risk factors for T2D. Notably, MBI has been reported to reduce blood glucose in patients with T2D. Herein, based on recent findings, we review the effects of MBI on diabetes and the mechanisms involved, including epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeong Yang
- Korea Institute of Brain Science, Seoul 06022, Korea; (M.-K.S.); (H.K.)
- Department of Integrative Health Care, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Eugene Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratories, Singapore 117604, Singapore;
| | - Min-Kyu Sung
- Korea Institute of Brain Science, Seoul 06022, Korea; (M.-K.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Hojung Kang
- Korea Institute of Brain Science, Seoul 06022, Korea; (M.-K.S.); (H.K.)
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14
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Proctor NK, Ertan-Bolelli T, Bolelli K, Taylor EW, Chiu NHL, Bowen JP. Towards a Better Understanding of Computational Models for Predicting DNA Methylation Effects at the Molecular Level. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:901-909. [PMID: 32101127 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200226110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human DNA is a very sensitive macromolecule and slight changes in the structure of DNA can have disastrous effects on the organism. When nucleotides are modified, or changed, the resulting DNA sequence can lose its information, if it is part of a gene, or it can become a problem for replication and repair. Human cells can regulate themselves by using a process known as DNA methylation. This methylation is vitally important in cell differentiation and expression of genes. When the methylation is uncontrolled, however, or does not occur in the right place, serious pathophysiological consequences may result. Excess methylation causes changes in the conformation of the DNA double helix. The secondary structure of DNA is highly dependent upon the sequence. Therefore, if the sequence changes slightly the secondary structure can change as well. These slight changes will then cause the doublestranded DNA to be more open and available in some places where large adductions can come in and react with the DNA base pairs. Computer models have been used to simulate a variety of biological processes including protein function and binding, and there is a growing body of evidence that in silico methods can shed light on DNA methylation. Understanding the anomeric effect that contributes to the structural and conformational flexibility of furanose rings through a combination of quantum mechanical and experimental studies is critical for successful molecular dynamic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael K Proctor
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Tugba Ertan-Bolelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TR 06560, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Bolelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, TR 06560, Turkey.,LumiLabs LLC, Ulus, Ankara, TR 06050, Turkey
| | - Ethan W Taylor
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Norman H L Chiu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - J Phillip Bowen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States
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15
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Prunonosa Cervera I, Gabriel BM, Aldiss P, Morton NM. The phospholipase A2 family's role in metabolic diseases: Focus on skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14662. [PMID: 33433056 PMCID: PMC7802192 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased substantially in recent years creating a global health burden. In obesity, skeletal muscle, the main tissue responsible for insulin-mediated glucose uptake, exhibits dysregulation of insulin signaling, glucose uptake, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial function, thus, promoting type 2 diabetes. The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzyme family mediates lipid signaling and membrane remodeling and may play an important role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver disease. The PLA2 family consists of 16 members clustered in four groups. PLA2s hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids generating free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Differential tissue and subcellular PLA2 expression patterns and the abundance of distinct fatty acyl groups in the target phospholipid determine the impact of individual family members on metabolic functions and, potentially, diseases. Here, we update the current knowledge of the role of the PLA2 family in skeletal muscle, with a view to their potential for therapeutic targeting in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Prunonosa Cervera
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Brendan M. Gabriel
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyIntegrative PhysiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular & Diabetes CentreThe Rowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Peter Aldiss
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Nicholas M. Morton
- Molecular Metabolism GroupCentre for Cardiovascular SciencesQueens Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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16
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Jochems SP, Jacquelin B, Tchitchek N, Busato F, Pichon F, Huot N, Liu Y, Ploquin MJ, Roché E, Cheynier R, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Stahl-Henning C, Le Grand R, Tost J, Müller-Trutwin M. DNA methylation changes in metabolic and immune-regulatory pathways in blood and lymph node CD4 + T cells in response to SIV infections. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:188. [PMID: 33298174 PMCID: PMC7724887 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00971-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-induced inflammation, which persists even during effective long-term treatment, remain incompletely defined. Here, we studied pathogenic and nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections in macaques and African green monkeys, respectively. We longitudinally analyzed genome-wide DNA methylation changes in CD4 + T cells from lymph node and blood, using arrays. DNA methylation changes after SIV infection were more pronounced in lymph nodes than blood and already detected in primary infection. Differentially methylated genes in pathogenic SIV infection were enriched for Th1-signaling (e.g., RUNX3, STAT4, NFKB1) and metabolic pathways (e.g., PRKCZ). In contrast, nonpathogenic SIVagm infection induced DNA methylation in genes coding for regulatory proteins such as LAG-3, arginase-2, interleukin-21 and interleukin-31. Between 15 and 18% of genes with DNA methylation changes were differentially expressed in CD4 + T cells in vivo. Selected identified sites were validated using bisulfite pyrosequencing in an independent cohort of uninfected, viremic and SIV controller macaques. Altered DNA methylation was confirmed in blood and lymph node CD4 + T cells in viremic macaques but was notably absent from SIV controller macaques. Our study identified key genes differentially methylated already in primary infection and in tissues that could contribute to the persisting metabolic disorders and inflammation in HIV-infected individuals despite effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Jochems
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Didot, 75015, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice Jacquelin
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Didot, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- IDMIT Department/IBFJ, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), INSERM U1184, CEA, Université Paris Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Florence Busato
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Fabien Pichon
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Nicolas Huot
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Didot, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Mickaël J Ploquin
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Didot, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Roché
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Rémi Cheynier
- UMR8104, CNRS, U1016, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- IDMIT Department/IBFJ, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), INSERM U1184, CEA, Université Paris Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Roger Le Grand
- IDMIT Department/IBFJ, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), INSERM U1184, CEA, Université Paris Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jorg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Michaela Müller-Trutwin
- HIV Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Didot, 75015, Paris, France.
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17
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Zhou D, Chen L, Mou X. Acarbose ameliorates spontaneous type‑2 diabetes in db/db mice by inhibiting PDX‑1 methylation. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:72. [PMID: 33236139 PMCID: PMC7716388 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (PDX)‑1 is a gene that plays an important role in pancreatic development and function. Type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease associated with insulin resistance and impaired islet β‑cell function. There is evidence that methylation of PDX‑1 plays a role in the development of T2DM. Acarbose is an α‑glucosidase inhibitor that can effectively delay the absorption of glucose by the body. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of acarbose on PDX‑1 methylation in islet β‑cells in spontaneous type‑2 diabetic db/db mice. The effect of acarbose on glucose and lipid metabolism in these mice was assessed by measuring food intake, body weight, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucagon, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Blood glucose levels were also analyzed using intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the effect of acarbose on pathological changes in the pancreas. Moreover, a BrdU assay was used to analyze cell proliferation. Lastly, the effect of acarbose on PDX‑1 methylation was evaluated in mice using methylation‑specific PCR and western blot analysis. In the present study, body weight significantly increased in the acarbose group, compared to the normal group. The levels of HbA1c and glucagon in the T2DM group significantly increased, compared with the normal group, but significantly decreased in acarbose‑treated mice. Moreover, FBG levels significantly decreased in the acarbose groups compared with T2DM mice. Acarbose also promoted cell proliferation, compared with untreated T2DM mice. In addition, PDX‑1 methylation and cytoplasmic expression levels were both downregulated in the acarbose group, compared with the T2DM group. In conclusion, these results suggested that acarbose could promote the proliferation of islet β‑cells and inhibit PDX‑1 methylation in islet β cells from diabetic mice. Thus, acarbose may provide a new strategy to treat T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyi Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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18
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Zhou DY, Mou X, Liu K, Liu WH, Xu YQ, Zhou D. In silico prediction and validation of potential therapeutic genes in pancreatic β-cells associated with type 2 diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:60. [PMID: 32952650 PMCID: PMC7485321 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health burden worldwide. Pancreatic β-cell death is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell death remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify potential targets in the pancreatic islet of T2D. The GSE20966 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by using the GEO2R tool. The Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were further assessed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed for the up- and downregulated genes using STRING databases and were then visualized with Cytoscape. The body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), pancreatic index and biochemistry parameters were measured in db/db mice. Moreover, the morphology of the pancreas was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and hub genes were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. In total, 570 DEGs were screened, including 376 upregulated and 194 downregulated genes, which were associated with 'complement activation, classical pathway', 'proteolysis', 'complement activation' and 'pancreatic secretion pathway'. It was found that the body weight, FBG, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, fasting serum insulin, glucagon and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in db/db mice, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the pancreatic index were significantly decreased. Furthermore, albumin, interleukin-8, CD44, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, hepatocyte growth factor, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, histone cluster 1 H2B family member n, mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 were identified as hub genes in PPI network. RT-qPCR and western blotting results demonstrated the same expression trend in hub genes as found by the bioinformatics analysis. Therefore, the present study identified a series of hub genes involved in the progression of pancreatic β-cell, which may help to develop effective therapeutic strategy for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yi Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wen Hong Liu
- College of The Second Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Ya Qing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Danyang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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19
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Xu F, Liu J, Na L, Chen L. Roles of Epigenetic Modifications in the Differentiation and Function of Pancreatic β-Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:748. [PMID: 32984307 PMCID: PMC7484512 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a metabolic disease with multiple causes characterized by high blood sugar, has become a public health problem. Hyperglycaemia is caused by deficiencies in insulin secretion, impairment of insulin function, or both. The insulin secreted by pancreatic β cells is the only hormone in the body that lowers blood glucose levels and plays vital roles in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Therefore, investigation of the molecular mechanisms of pancreatic β cell differentiation and function is necessary to elucidate the processes involved in the onset of diabetes. Although numerous studies have shown that transcriptional regulation is essential for the differentiation and function of pancreatic β cells, increasing evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms participate in controlling the fate and regulation of these cells. Epigenetics involves heritable alterations in gene expression caused by DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA activity that does not result in DNA nucleotide sequence alterations. Recent research has revealed that a variety of epigenetic modifications play an important role in the development of diabetes. Here, we review the mechanisms by which epigenetic regulation affects β cell differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Chen
- Department of Inspection and Quarantine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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20
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Vigorelli V, Resta J, Bianchessi V, Lauri A, Bassetti B, Agrifoglio M, Pesce M, Polvani G, Bonalumi G, Cavallotti L, Alamanni F, Genovese S, Pompilio G, Vinci MC. Abnormal DNA Methylation Induced by Hyperglycemia Reduces CXCR 4 Gene Expression in CD 34 + Stem Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e010012. [PMID: 31018749 PMCID: PMC6512087 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background CD 34+ stem/progenitor cells are involved in vascular homeostasis and in neovascularization of ischemic tissues. The number of circulating CD 34+ stem cells is a predictive biomarker of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients. Here, we provide evidence that hyperglycemia can be "memorized" by the stem cells through epigenetic changes that contribute to onset and maintenance of their dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Methods and Results Cord-blood-derived CD 34+ stem cells exposed to high glucose displayed increased reactive oxygen species production, overexpression of p66shc gene, and downregulation of antioxidant genes catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase when compared with normoglycemic cells. This altered oxidative state was associated with impaired migration ability toward stromal-cell-derived factor 1 alpha and reduced protein and mRNA expression of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 ( CXCR 4) receptor. The methylation analysis by bisulfite Sanger sequencing of the CXCR 4 promoter revealed a significant increase in DNA methylation density in high-glucose CD 34+ stem cells that negatively correlated with mRNA expression (Pearson r=-0.76; P=0.004). Consistently, we found, by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, a more transcriptionally inactive chromatin conformation and reduced RNA polymerase II engagement on the CXCR 4 promoter. Notably, alteration of CXCR 4 DNA methylation, as well as transcriptional and functional defects, persisted in high-glucose CD 34+ stem cells despite recovery in normoglycemic conditions. Importantly, such an epigenetic modification was thoroughly confirmed in bone marrow CD 34+ stem cells isolated from sternal biopsies of diabetic patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Conclusions CD 34+ stem cells "memorize" the hyperglycemic environment in the form of epigenetic modifications that collude to alter CXCR 4 receptor expression and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Alamanni
- 1 IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino Milan Italy.,3 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | | | - Giulio Pompilio
- 1 IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino Milan Italy.,3 Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
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21
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Abstract
Kv7 channels (Kv7.1-7.5) are voltage-gated K+ channels that can be modulated by five β-subunits (KCNE1-5). Kv7.1-KCNE1 channels produce the slow-delayed rectifying K+ current, IKs, which is important during the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. Kv7.2-7.5 are predominantly neuronally expressed and constitute the muscarinic M-current and control the resting membrane potential in neurons. Kv7.1 produces drastically different currents as a result of modulation by KCNE subunits. This flexibility allows the Kv7.1 channel to have many roles depending on location and assembly partners. The pharmacological sensitivity of Kv7.1 channels differs from that of Kv7.2-7.5 and is largely dependent upon the number of β-subunits present in the channel complex. As a result, the development of pharmaceuticals targeting Kv7.1 is problematic. This review discusses the roles and the mechanisms by which different signaling pathways affect Kv7.1 and KCNE channels and could potentially provide different ways of targeting the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emely Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Jodene Eldstrom
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - David Fedida
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada;
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22
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Puttabyatappa M, Sargis RM, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming of insulin resistance: are androgens the culprits? J Endocrinol 2020; 245:R23-R48. [PMID: 32240982 PMCID: PMC7219571 DOI: 10.1530/joe-20-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a common feature of many metabolic disorders. The dramatic rise in the incidence of insulin resistance over the past decade has enhanced focus on its developmental origins. Since various developmental insults ranging from maternal disease, stress, over/undernutrition, and exposure to environmental chemicals can all program the development of insulin resistance, common mechanisms may be involved. This review discusses the possibility that increases in maternal androgens associated with these various insults are key mediators in programming insulin resistance. Additionally, the intermediaries through which androgens misprogram tissue insulin sensitivity, such as changes in inflammatory, oxidative, and lipotoxic states, epigenetic, gut microbiome and insulin, as well as data gaps to be filled are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert M. Sargis
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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23
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Zhong HA. Structure-based Design on Anticancer Drug Discovery. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:813-814. [DOI: 10.2174/156802662010200331100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Andrew Zhong
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska at Omaha 6001 Dodge Street Omaha, NE 68182, United States
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genetic, socioeconomic and clinical features vary considerably among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) influencing disease development, progression and response to therapy. Although a patient-centred approach to pharmacologic therapy of T2D is widely recommended, patients are often treated similarly, irrespective of the differences that may affect therapeutic response. Addressing the heterogeneity of T2D is a major task of diabetes research to lower the high rate of treatment failure as well as to reduce the risk of long-term complications. RECENT FINDINGS A pathophysiology-based clustering system seems the most promising to help in the stratification of diabetes in terms of complication risk and response to treatment. This urges for clinical studies looking at novel biomarkers related to the different metabolic pathways of T2D and able to inform about the therapeutic cluster of each patient. Here, we review the main settings of diabetes heterogeneity, to what extent it has been already addressed and the current gaps in knowledge towards a personalized therapeutic approach that considers the distinctive features of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieralice Silvia
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Zampetti Simona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddaloni Ernesto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Buzzetti Raffaella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
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25
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Li X, Chan LWC, Li X, Liu C, Yang G, Gao J, Dai M, Wang Y, Xie Z, Liu J, Zhou F, Zheng T, Feng D, Guo S, Li H, Sun K, Yang S. Obesity-Induced Regulator of Calcineurin 1 Overexpression Leads to β-Cell Failure Through Mitophagy Pathway Inhibition. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:413-428. [PMID: 31822118 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, manifested by reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) in islets is an endogenous inhibitor of calcium-activated protein phosphatase. Previous studies have indicated that global RCAN1 overexpression under high nutrient stress is involved in insulin resistance in T2D. However, the specific role and mechanism of this gene's overexpression in pancreatic β-cells have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Results: In this study, we showed that mice overexpressing islet-specific RCAN1 exhibited a prediabetic phenotype with markedly reduced GSIS under nutrient stress. Overexpression of RCAN1 increased the autophagy-associated DNA methylation level of Beclin-1 suppressing the induction of autophagy, affected the protein kinase B, and downregulated the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin, leading to Miro1-mediated mitophagy deficiency. Furthermore, the exacerbated impairment of autophagy induction and mitophagy flux failures induced β-cell apoptosis, resulting in GSIS impairment, lipid imbalance, and NOD-like receptor 3 proinflammation under high nutrient stress in mice. Innovation: Our present data identify a detrimental effect of RCAN1 overexpression on Miro1-mediated mitophagy deficiency and β-cell dysfunction in high-fat diet-fed RCAN1 overexpressing mice. Conclusion: Our results revealed that strategies targeting RCAN1 in vivo may provide a therapeutic target to enhance β-cell mitophagy quality and may determine the crucial factor in T2D development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Li
- ABSL-3 Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lawrence W C Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xianyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- ABSL-3 Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Yang
- Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Gao
- ABSL-3 Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Dai
- ABSL-3 Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxin Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Liu
- Shanghai Diabetes Research Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Feng
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Haojie Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sijun Yang
- ABSL-3 Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, Institute of Animal Model for Human Disease, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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26
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Kim M. DNA methylation: a cause and consequence of type 2 diabetes. Genomics Inform 2019; 17:e38. [PMID: 31896238 PMCID: PMC6944052 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2019.17.4.e38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a relatively stable epigenetic modification that can regulate and stabilize gene expression patterns and hence establish cell identity. Because metabolic intermediates are key factors of DNA methylation and demethylation, perturbations in metabolic homeostasis can trigger alterations in cell-specific patterns of DNA methylation and contribute to disease development, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). During the past decade, genome-wide DNA methylation studies of T2D have expanded our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying T2D. This review summarizes case-control studies of the DNA methylome of T2D and discusses DNA methylation as both a cause and consequence of T2D. Therefore, DNA methylation has potential as a promising T2D biomarker that can be applied to the development of therapeutic strategies for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirang Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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27
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Vaiserman A, Lushchak O. Developmental origins of type 2 diabetes: Focus on epigenetics. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 55:100957. [PMID: 31473332 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, genetics and lifestyle are considered as main determinants of aging-associated pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence, however, suggests that risk of many age-related diseases is not only determined by genetic and adult lifestyle factors but also by factors acting during early development. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), an age-related disease generally manifested after the age of 40, is among such disorders. Since several age-related conditions, such as pro-inflammatory states, are characteristic of both T2D and aging, this disease is conceptualized by many authors as a kind of premature or accelerated aging. There is substantial evidence that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), induced by poor or unbalanced nutrient intake, exposure to xenobiotics, maternal substance abuse etc., may impair fetal development, thereby causing the fetal adipose tissue and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction. Consequently, persisting adaptive changes may occur in the glucose-insulin metabolism, including reduced capacity for insulin secretion and insulin resistance. These changes can lead to an improved ability to store fat, thus predisposing to T2D development in later life. The modulation of epigenetic regulation of gene expression likely plays a central role in linking the adverse environmental conditions early in life to the risk of T2D in adulthood. In animal models of IUGR, long-term persistent changes in both DNA methylation and expression of genes implicated in metabolic processes have been repeatedly reported. Findings from human studies confirming the role of epigenetic mechanisms in linking early-life adverse experiences to the risk for T2D in adult life are scarce compared to data from animal studies, mainly because of limited access to suitable biological samples. It is, however, convincing evidence that these mechanisms may also operate in human beings. In this review, theoretical models and research findings evidencing the role of developmental epigenetic variation in the pathogenesis of T2D are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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28
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Putra SED, Singajaya S, Thesman F, Pranoto DA, Sanjaya R, Vianney YM, Artadana IBM. Aberrant PDK4 Promoter Methylation Preceding Hyperglycemia in a Mouse Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:1023-1034. [PMID: 31655976 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic prevalence is at speedy increase globally. Previous studies stated that other than genetics, factors such as environment, lifestyle, and paternal-maternal condition play critical roles in diabetes through DNA methylation in specific areas of the genome. The purpose of this study is to investigate the methylation pattern of the PDK4 promoter in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice until the 12th week of the observation. The methylation pattern in the blood samples was analyzed periodically, while the pattern in the muscle sample was only analyzed at the end of the experiment using the blood of the sacrificed animals. Three methylated CpG site 1, CpG site 6, and CpG site 7 were analyzed and quantified based on the band density using bisulfite treatment and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The hyperglycemia period was developed at the 9th week of experiment. However, there was a significant increase of methylation, specifically on CpG site 6 started from week 6 to week 12. This peculiar methylation on CpG site 6 of PDK4 promoter in the blood sample before the hyperglycemic period might serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of diabetes in the patients. No significant difference was found between the methylation level of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice and of the control group in the muscle sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulistyo Emantoko Dwi Putra
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia.
| | - Stephanie Singajaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
| | - Ferensia Thesman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Andhika Pranoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
| | - Ricky Sanjaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
| | - Yoanes Maria Vianney
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
| | - Ida Bagus Made Artadana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut, Surabaya, East Java, 60292, Indonesia
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29
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Quan L, Wang L, Wang J, Yuwen B, Zhu J. Association between sex hormone binding globulin gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:3514-3520. [PMID: 31934198 PMCID: PMC6949838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in an Uighur population. One hundred and fourteen T2DM male patients (with a history of diabetes or diagnosed as diabetic by the oral glucose tolerance test) and 173 healthy males from the Uighur ethnic group were included in the study to test the following SNPs of SHBG: rs727428, rs1799941, rs6259, rs6257, rs858521, rs858518, rs3760213, and rs11078701. The body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and waist circumference, and lipid, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, testosterone, and SHBG levels of enrolled individuals were measured. We used the t-test or rank sum test and Chi-square test to analyze the difference and compare numeration data, respectively, between the case and control groups. Comparisons among multiple groups were carried out using analysis of variance, and the correlation between variables was determined by nonparametric Spearman rank correlation analysis; multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk of abnormal glucose in the two groups. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in BMI, blood pressure, and waist circumference, and lipid, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels between the case and control groups. The risk factors for diabetes included testosterone (P = 0.042) and SHBG (P = 0.001). The distribution of rs858521 (P = 0.001), rs1799941 (2.3%, P = 0.032), rs6259 (2.5%, P = 0.040), and rs727428 (3.4%, P = 0.016) was significantly different between the case and control groups (P < 0.05). In the control group, there was linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs727428 and rs6259, while in the case group LD was found among rs858518, rs3760213, rs1799941, and rs6257. The frequency of rs858518-rs3760213-rs1799941-rs6257 haplotype TCGC was significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.033). Both testosterone and SHBGwere found to be risk factors of diabetes in the Uighur population, and SNPs of SHBG may contribute to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Quan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Binya Yuwen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
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30
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Vázquez-Martínez ER, Gómez-Viais YI, García-Gómez E, Reyes-Mayoral C, Reyes-Muñoz E, Camacho-Arroyo I, Cerbón M. DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Reproduction 2019; 158:R27-R40. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading endocrine and metabolic disorder in premenopausal women characterized by hyperandrogenism and abnormal development of ovarian follicles. To date, the PCOS etiology remains unclear and has been related to insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and infertility, among other morbidities. Substantial evidence illustrates the impact of genetic, intrauterine and environmental factors on the PCOS etiology. Lately, epigenetic factors have garnered considerable attention in the pathogenesis of PCOS considering that changes in the content of DNA methylation, histone acetylation and noncoding RNAs have been reported in various tissues of women with this disease. DNA methylation is changed in the peripheral and umbilical cord blood, as well as in ovarian and adipose tissue of women with PCOS, suggesting the involvement of this epigenetic modification in the pathogenesis of the disease. Perhaps, these defects in DNA methylation promote the deregulation of genes involved in inflammation, hormone synthesis and signaling and glucose and lipid metabolism. Research on the role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of PCOS is just beginning, and several issues await investigation. This review aims to provide an overview of current research focused on DNA methylation and PCOS, as well as discuss the perspectives regarding this topic.
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31
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Comparative DNA methylomic analyses reveal potential origins of novel epigenetic biomarkers of insulin resistance in monocytes from virally suppressed HIV-infected adults. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:95. [PMID: 31253200 PMCID: PMC6599380 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to healthy individuals, those with stably repressed HIV experience a higher risk of developing insulin resistance, a hallmark of pre-diabetes and a major determinant for cardiometabolic diseases. Although epigenetic processes, including in particular DNA methylation, appear to be dysregulated in individuals with insulin resistance, little is known about where these occur in the genomes of immune cells and the origins of these alterations in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we examined the genome-wide DNA methylation states of monocytes in HIV-infected individuals (n = 37) with varying levels of insulin sensitivity measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS By profiling DNA methylation at single-nucleotide resolution using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip in monocytes from insulin-resistant (IR; HOMA-IR ≥ 2.0; n = 14) and insulin-sensitive (IS; HOMA-IR < 2.0; n = 23) individuals, we identified 123 CpGs with significantly different DNA methylation levels. These CpGs were enriched at genes involved in pathways relating to glucose metabolism, immune activation, and insulin-relevant signaling, with the majority (86.2%) being hypomethylated in IR relative to IS individuals. Using a stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, we observed 4 CpGs (cg27655935, cg02000426, cg10184328, and cg23085143) whose methylation levels independently predicted the insulin-resistant state at a higher confidence than that of clinical risk factors typically associated with insulin resistance (i.e., fasting glucose, 120-min oral glucose tolerance test, Framingham Risk Score, and Total to HDL cholesterol ratio). Interestingly, 79 of the 123 CpGs (64%) exhibited remarkably similar levels of methylation as that of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in monocytes from IR individuals, implicating epigenetic defects in myeloid differentiation as a possible origin for the methylation landscape underlying the insulin resistance phenotype. In support of this, gene ontology analysis of these 79 CpGs revealed overrepresentation of these CpGs at genes relevant to HSC function, including involvement in stem cell pluripotency, differentiation, and Wnt signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Altogether, our data suggests a possible role for DNA methylation in regulating monocyte activity that may associate with the insulin-resistant phenotype. The methylomic landscape of insulin resistance in monocytes could originate from epigenetic dysregulation during HSC differentiation through the myeloid lineage. Understanding the factors involved with changes in the myeloid trajectory may provide further insight into the development of insulin resistance. Furthermore, regulation of specific genes that were implicated in our analysis reveal possible targets for modulating immune activity to ameliorate insulin resistance.
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32
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Insulin Sensitivity Is Associated with Lipoprotein Lipase ( LPL) and Catenin Delta 2 ( CTNND2) DNA Methylation in Peripheral White Blood Cells in Non-Diabetic Young Women. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122928. [PMID: 31208038 PMCID: PMC6627674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin action. Since few studies have addressed the relation between DNA methylation patterns with elaborated surrogates of insulin secretion/sensitivity based on the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between DNA methylation and an insulin sensitivity index based on IVGTT (calculated insulin sensitivity index (CSi)) in peripheral white blood cells from 57 non-diabetic female volunteers. The CSi and acute insulin response (AIR) indexes, as well as the disposition index (DI = CSi × AIR), were estimated from abbreviated IVGTT in 49 apparently healthy Chilean women. Methylation levels were assessed using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450k BeadChip. After a statistical probe filtering, the two top CpGs whose methylation was associated with CSi were cg04615668 and cg07263235, located in the catenin delta 2 (CTNND2) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genes, respectively. Both CpGs conjointly predicted insulin sensitivity status with an area under the curve of 0.90. Additionally, cg04615668 correlated with homeostasis model assessment insulin-sensitivity (HOMA-S) and AIR, whereas cg07263235 was associated with plasma creatinine and DI. These results add further insights into the epigenetic regulation of insulin sensitivity and associated complications, pointing the CTNND2 and LPL genes as potential underlying epigenetic biomarkers for future risk of insulin-related diseases.
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33
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Shen Y, Peng C, Bai Q, Ding Y, Yi X, Du H, He L, Zhou D, Chen X. Epigenome-Wide Association Study Indicates Hypomethylation of MTRNR2L8 in Large-Artery Atherosclerosis Stroke. Stroke 2019; 50:1330-1338. [PMID: 31084332 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.023436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Ischemic stroke, a complex and heterogeneous disease, is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Genetic factors and epigenetic modification contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. However, the effects of epigenetic factors on this disease have not been systematically investigated. Our study was designed to identify methylation alterations in large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. Methods- We conducted an epigenome-wide association analysis of large-artery atherosclerotic stroke using an Infinium HumanMethylation450 array (cases:controls=12:12), and the differentially methylated loci were validated in 2 cohorts (cases:controls, 110:122 and 191:191, respectively) using a Sequenom EpiTYPER assay. Results- In the screening stage, 1012 differentially methylated CpG sites annotated in 672 genes were found to be significantly associated with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke (mean methylation difference >5%, P<0.01). Disease, Gene Ontology, and pathway analysis highlighted the enrichment of these differentially methylated genes in cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and immune-related functional gene clusters ( P<0.05). We identified a differentially methylated region in the promoter of a humanin gene ( MTRNR2L8, mean methylation difference=-13.01%, P=8.86×10-14). We constructed a diagnostic prediction model that was based on the mean number of significantly changed CpG loci in MTRNR2L8 and showed high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity ( P<0.0001, area under the curve=0.774). Conclusions- Together, these findings demonstrate that DNA methylation plays an important role in large-artery atherosclerotic stroke and that methylation of MTRNR2L8 is a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Shen
- From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Xuhui Branch, School of Medicine (Y.S., C.P., Y.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) (Y.S., X.Y., H.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai (Y.S., D.Z., X.C.)
| | - Chen Peng
- From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Xuhui Branch, School of Medicine (Y.S., C.P., Y.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital affiliated with Jiangsu University, China (C.P., Y.D.)
| | - Qingke Bai
- Departments of Neurology, Pudong People's Hospital, Shanghai, China (Q.B.)
| | - Ying Ding
- From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Xuhui Branch, School of Medicine (Y.S., C.P., Y.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital affiliated with Jiangsu University, China (C.P., Y.D.)
| | - Xin Yi
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) (Y.S., X.Y., H.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Huihui Du
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) (Y.S., X.Y., H.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Lin He
- From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Xuhui Branch, School of Medicine (Y.S., C.P., Y.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) (Y.S., X.Y., H.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
| | - Daizhan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai (Y.S., D.Z., X.C.)
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (D.Z.)
| | - Xu Chen
- From the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Xuhui Branch, School of Medicine (Y.S., C.P., Y.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education) (Y.S., X.Y., H.D., L.H., X.C.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai (Y.S., D.Z., X.C.)
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Song J, Yang B, Jia X, Li M, Tan W, Ma S, Shi X, Feng L. Distinctive Roles of Sirtuins on Diabetes, Protective or Detrimental? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:724. [PMID: 30559718 PMCID: PMC6284472 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of metabolic pathways leads to type 2 diabetes, characteristic of high glucose concentration caused by insulin resistance. The histone deacetylases sirtuins exhibit remarkable enzymatic activities. Accumulating evidence indicates that sirtuins can be pharmacologically activated to ameliorate diabetes. Here, we evaluated different roles of sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) in diabetes progression and described their involvement in metabolic pathways of skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver. The nuclear sirtuins, SIRT1, SIRT6, and SIRT7, regulate the activity of key transcription factors and cofactors in almost all tissues with the cellular responses to energy demands. The mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5, regulate the activity of mitochondrial enzymes in response to fasting and calorie restriction. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms of SIRT1 and SIRT2 have been reported to associate with diabetes development. It's worth noting that SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6 are positive regulators of insulin resistance in most cases. In the opposite, SIRT4 and SIRT7 inhibit insulin secretion and fatty acid oxidation. Identification of SIRT1 activators for diabetes has gained wide attention, such as metformin, resveratrol, and resveratrol derivatives. Randomized, prospective, and large-scale clinical trials are warrant to uncover the responsibilities of SIRTs modulators on diabetes progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Affiliated Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shitang Ma
- Life and Health college, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Xinhong Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liang Feng
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