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Uthanaphun T, Manochantr S, Tantrawatpan C, Tantikanlayaporn D, Kheolamai P. PL-hMSC and CH-hMSC derived soluble factors inhibit proliferation but improve hGBM cell migration by activating TGF-β and inhibiting Wnt signaling. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231964. [PMID: 38687607 PMCID: PMC11130542 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and aggressive brain tumors. GBM resists most chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in a high mortality rate in patients. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which are parts of the cancer stroma, have been shown to be involved in the development and progression of GBM. However, different sources of hMSCs might affect GBM cells differently. In the present study, we established hMSCs from placenta (PL-hMSC) and chorion (CH-hMSC) to study the effects of their released soluble factors on the proliferation, migration, invasion, gene expression, and survival of human GBM cells, U251. We found that the soluble factors derived from CH-hMSCs and PL-hMSCs suppressed the proliferation of U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, soluble factors derived from both hMSC sources increased U251 migration without affecting their invasive property. The soluble factors derived from these hMSCs decreased the expression levels of CyclinD1, E2Fs and MYC genes that promote GBM cell proliferation but increased the expression level of TWIST gene, which promotes EMT and GBM cell migration. The functional study suggests that both hMSCs might exert their effects, at least in part, by activating TGF-β and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling in U251 cells. Our study provides a better understanding of the interaction between GBM cells and gestational tissue-derived hMSCs. This knowledge might be used to develop safer and more effective stem cell therapy that improves the survival and quality of life of patients with GBM by manipulating the interaction between hMSCs and GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanawat Uthanaphun
- Master of Science Program in Stem Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sirikul Manochantr
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chairat Tantrawatpan
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Duangrat Tantikanlayaporn
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Li E, Wen B, Gao D, Kalin TR, Wang G, Kalin TV, Kalinichenko VV. The bone marrow of mouse-rat chimeras contains progenitors of multiple pulmonary cell lineages. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1394098. [PMID: 38694819 PMCID: PMC11061410 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1394098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of anti-cancer treatments for thoracic and hematologic malignancies. Bone marrow (BM) transplantation restores hematopoietic cell lineages in cancer patients. However, it is ineffective in improving lung repair after RILI due to the paucity of respiratory progenitors in BM transplants. In the present study, we used blastocyst injection to create mouse-rat chimeras, these are artificial animals in which BM is enriched with mouse-derived progenitor cells. FACS-sorted mouse BM cells from mouse-rat chimeras were transplanted into lethally irradiated syngeneic mice, and the contribution of donor cells to the lung tissue was examined using immunostaining and flow cytometry. Donor BM cells provided long-term contributions to all lung-resident hematopoietic cells which includes alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. Surprisingly, donor BM cells also contributed up to 8% in pulmonary endothelial cells and stromal cells after RILI. To identify respiratory progenitors in donor BM, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). Compared to normal mouse BM, increased numbers of hematopoietic progenitors were found in the BM of mouse-rat chimeras. We also identified unique populations of hemangioblast-like progenitor cells expressing Hes1, Dntt and Ebf1, along with mesenchymal stromal cells expressing Cpox, Blvrb and Ermap that were absent or ultra-rare in the normal mouse BM. In summary, by using rats as "bioreactors", we created a unique mouse BM cell transplant that contributes to multiple respiratory cell types after RILI. Interspecies chimeras have promise for future generations of BM transplants enriched in respiratory progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhong Li
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Bingqiang Wen
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Timothy R. Kalin
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Guolun Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Santillán-Guaján SM, Shahi MH, Castresana JS. Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Based Therapy against Gliomas. Cells 2024; 13:617. [PMID: 38607056 PMCID: PMC11011546 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive, malignant, and lethal brain tumor of the central nervous system. Its poor prognosis lies in its inefficient response to currently available treatments that consist of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Recently, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a possible kind of cell therapy against glioblastoma is gaining great interest due to their immunomodulatory properties, tumor tropism, and differentiation into other cell types. However, MSCs seem to present both antitumor and pro-tumor properties depending on the tissue from which they come. In this work, the possibility of using MSCs to deliver therapeutic genes, oncolytic viruses, and miRNA is presented, as well as strategies that can improve their therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma, such as CAR-T cells, nanoparticles, and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisa M. Santillán-Guaján
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Mehdi H. Shahi
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Javier S. Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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Huang H, Zhang H, Cao B. A study protocol for an open-label, single-arm, single-center phase I clinical study on tolerability, safety, and efficacy of dalpiciclib combined with apatinib in the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:427-433. [PMID: 38211967 PMCID: PMC10864114 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic sarcoma is very poor, and a new strategy for patients who fail systemic treatment is urgently required. Apatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR-2, which can exert an antitumor effect by blocking downstream PI3K/AKT and VEGFR2/STAT3 signaling pathways of sarcoma. Dysregulation of the cyclin D (CCND)-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6)-retinoblastoma 1 (Rb) pathway is highly prevalent in sarcoma. Thus, blocking VEGFR2 and CDK4/6 may exert a synergistic effect. We hypothesize that a combination of apatinib and dalpiciclib, an oral, highly effective, and selective small molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor, may result in higher antitumor efficacy in patients with refractory sarcoma. METHODS In this open-label, single-arm, single-center phase I trial, participants diagnosed with sarcoma who failed standard systemic treatment will be enrolled. Dose escalation will be conducted into three groups according to traditional 3 + 3 principle: dose 1, dalpiciclib 100 mg once daily oral d1-21+ apatinib 250 mg once daily oral d1-28, every 28 days as one cycle; dose 2, dalpiciclib 100 mg d1-21+ apatinib 500 mg d1-28; dose 3, dalpiciclib 150 mg d-21+ apatinib 500 mg d1-28. The primary endpoint is the safety and tolerability of combined treatment. The secondary endpoint is to evaluate the initial efficacy, including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), and progression-free survival (PFS). DISCUSSION This trial will provide evidence of the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of dalpiciclib in combination with apatinib in metastatic sarcoma patients who have failed first-line systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation SicknessPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hua Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical EpidemiologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Baoshan Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation SicknessPeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
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Kim T, Kim H. Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Management of Bone Loss in Patients with Critical Illness. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1718. [PMID: 38139844 PMCID: PMC10747168 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with critical illnesses are at higher risk of comorbidities, which can include bone mineral density loss, bone turnover marker increase, and fragility fractures. Patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) have a higher risk of bone fractures. Since hypermetabolism is a characteristic of ICU patients, such patients are often rapidly affected by systemic deterioration, which often results in systemic wasting disease. Major risk factors for ICU-related bone loss include physical restraint, inflammation, neuroendocrine stress, malnutrition, and medications. A medical history of critical illness should be acknowledged as a risk factor for impaired bone metabolism. Bone loss associated with ICU admission should be recognized as a key component of post-intensive care syndrome, and further research that focuses on treatment protocols and prevention strategies is required. Studies aimed at maintaining gut integrity have emphasized protein administration and nutrition, while research is ongoing to evaluate the therapeutic benefits of anti-resorptive agents and physical therapy. This review examines both current and innovative clinical strategies that are used for identifying risk factors of bone loss. It provides an overview of perioperative outcomes and discusses the emerging novel treatment modalities. Furthermore, the review presents future directions in the treatment of ICU-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejin Kim
- Department of Urology, CHA University Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Goyang-si 10414, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong-si 14353, Republic of Korea
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Mao J, Li J, Chen J, Wen Q, Cao M, Zhang F, Li B, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Zhang J, Shen J. CXCL10 and Nrf2-upregulated mesenchymal stem cells reinvigorate T lymphocytes for combating glioblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007481. [PMID: 38056897 PMCID: PMC10711923 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and concurrent T-cell dysfunction have been identified as major contributors to glioblastoma (GBM) immunotherapy resistance. Upregulating CXCL10 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a promising immunotherapeutic approach that potentially increases tumor-infiltrating T cells and boosts T-cell activity but is lacking effective delivery methods. METHODS In this study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were transduced with a recombinant lentivirus encoding Cxcl10, Nrf2 (an anti-apoptosis gene), and a ferritin heavy chain (Fth) reporter gene in order to increase their CXCL10 secretion, TME survival, and MRI visibility. Using FTH-MRI guidance, these cells were injected into the tumor periphery of orthotopic GL261 and CT2A GBMs in mice. Combination therapy consisting of CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSC transplantation together with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) was also performed for CT2A GBMs. Thereafter, in vivo and serial MRI, survival analysis, and histology examinations were conducted to assess the treatments' efficacy and mechanism. RESULTS CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSCs exhibit enhanced T lymphocyte recruitment, oxidative stress tolerance, and iron accumulation. Under in vivo FTH-MRI guidance and monitoring, peritumoral transplantation of CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSCs remarkably inhibited orthotopic GL261 and CT2A tumor growth in C57BL6 mice and prolonged animal survival. While ICB alone demonstrated no therapeutic impact, CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSC transplantation combined with ICB demonstrated an enhanced anticancer effect for CT2A GBMs compared with transplanting it alone. Histology revealed that peritumorally injected CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSCs survived longer in the TME, increased CXCL10 production, and ultimately remodeled the TME by increasing CD8+ T cells, interferon-γ+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), GzmB+ CTLs, and Th1 cells while reducing regulatory T cells (Tregs), exhausted CD8+ and exhausted CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS MRI-guided peritumoral administration of CXCL10 and Nrf2-overexpressed MSCs can significantly limit GBM growth by revitalizing T lymphocytes within TME. The combination application of CXCL10-Nrf2-FTH-MSC transplantation and ICB therapy presents a potentially effective approach to treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Mao
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Wen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoxun Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Xu Y, Tao J, Hou Y, Zhang S. Effects of PKCε knockdown on mitochondrial membrane potential of human glioma cells in vitro and growth of U251 cell-derived tumors in vivo. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:501-507. [PMID: 37501577 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2240226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumor; it exhibits great invasive capacity, morbidity and mortality. Protein kinase Cε (PKCε), a serine/threonine kinase, contributes to the development and progression of many cancers. We investigated whether knockdown of PKCε could affect the mitochondrial membrane potential of human glioma cell lines, U251 and U87, and the growth of U251 cell-derived tumors in nude mice. We found that the expression of PKCε was greater in human glioma tissues than in human normal brain tissues. Knockdown of PKCε reduced mitochondrial membrane potential in U251 and U87 cells. Knockdown of PKCε also suppressed the growth of tumors derived from U251 cells and induced apoptosis of U251 cells in vivo. Our findings indicate that PKCε is important for development and progression of glioma and may be a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Xu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Tao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Hou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhang Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Tao Y, Zhu J, Yu X, Cong H, Li J, Cai T, Chen Q. Prognostic risk of immune-associated signature in the microenvironment of brain gliomas. Front Genet 2023; 14:1208651. [PMID: 37867596 PMCID: PMC10587408 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1208651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the key factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that affect the prognosis of gliomas is crucial. In this study, we sought to uncover the prognostic significance of immune cells and immune-related genes in the TME of gliomas. We incorporated data of 970 glioma patient samples from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database as the training set, and an additional set of 666 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database served as the validation set. From our analysis, we identified 21 immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the TME, which holds implications for glioma prognosis. Based on these genes, we constructed a prognostic risk model on the 21 genes. The prognostic risk model demonstrated robust performance with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.848. Notably, the risk score derived from the model emerged as an independent prognostic factor of gliomas, with high risk scores indicative of an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, we observed that high infiltration levels of certain immune cells, namely, activated dendritic cells, M0 macrophages, M2 macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs), correlated with an unfavorable glioma prognosis. In conclusion, our findings suggested that the TME of gliomas harbored a distinct immune-associated signature, comprising 21 immune-related genes and specific immune cells. These elements significantly influence the prognosis and present potential as novel indicators in the clinical assessment of glioma patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Tao
- Ningbo No 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Xiaoling Yu
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Huaiwei Cong
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Ningbo No 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Thorgene Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Yin X, Liu X, Xiao X, Yi K, Chen W, Han C, Wang L, Li Y, Liu J. Human neural stem cells repress glioma cell progression in a paracrine manner by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1772-1788. [PMID: 37410396 PMCID: PMC10476570 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play crucial roles in neurological disorders and tissue injury repair through exerting paracrine effects. However, the effects of NSC-derived factors on glioma progression remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of human NSC-conditioned medium (NSC-CM) on the behaviour of glioma cells using an in vitro co-culture system. Cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays revealed that NSC-CM inhibited glioma cell proliferation and growth in a fetal bovine serum (FBS)-independent manner. In addition, our wound-healing assay demonstrated that NSC-CM repressed glioma cell migration, while results from transwell and 3D spheroid invasion assays indicated that NSC-CM also reduced the invasion capacity of glioma cells. Flow cytometry showed that NSC-CM prevented cell cycle progression from the G1 to S phase and promoted apoptosis. Western blotting was used to show that the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins, including β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D1, CD44 and Met, was remarkably decreased in NSC-CM-treated glioma cells. Furthermore, the addition of a Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator, CHIR99021, significantly induced the expression of β-catenin and Met and increased the proliferative and invasive capabilities of control medium-treated glioma cells but not those of NSC-CM-treated glioma cells. The use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) revealed the secretion of some antitumour factors in human and rat NSCs, including interferon-α and dickkopf-1. Our data suggest that NSC-CM partially inhibits glioma cell progression by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. This study may serve as a basis for developing future antiglioma therapies based on NSC derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yin
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Xiumei Liu
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision MedicineChina
| | - Xiangyi Xiao
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Kaiyu Yi
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Weigong Chen
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision MedicineChina
| | - Chao Han
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Liang Wang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Ying Li
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityChina
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Zhang Q, Wang J, Zhang J, Liu F. Potential functions and therapeutic implications of glioma-resident mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:853-866. [PMID: 37138122 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging crucial regulators in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which contributes to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. MSCs are considered to be the stromal components of several tumors, their ultimate contribution to tumorigenesis and their potential to drive tumor stem cells, especially in the unique microenvironment of gliomas. Glioma-resident MSCs (GR-MSCs) are non-tumorigenic stromal cells. The phenotype of GR-MSCs is similar to that of prototype bone marrow-MSCs and GR-MSCs enhance the GSCs tumorigenicity via the IL-6/gp130/STAT3 pathway. The higher percentage of GR-MSCs in TME results in the poor prognosis of glioma patients and illuminate the tumor-promoting roles for GR-MSCs by secreting specific miRNA. Furthermore, the GR-MSC subpopulations associated with CD90 expression determine their different functions in glioma progression and CD90low MSCs generate therapeutic resistance by increasing IL-6-mediated FOXS1 expression. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies targeting GR-MSCs for GBM patients. Despite that several functions of GR-MSCs have been confirmed, their immunologic landscapes and deeper mechanisms associated with the functions are not still expounded. In this review, we summarize the progress and potential function of GR-MSCs, as well as highlight their therapeutic implications based on GR-MSCs in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Junwen Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China.
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11
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Pineda E, Domenech M, Hernández A, Comas S, Balaña C. Recurrent Glioblastoma: Ongoing Clinical Challenges and Future Prospects. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:71-86. [PMID: 36721854 PMCID: PMC9884437 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s366371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtually all glioblastomas treated in the first-line setting will recur in a short period of time, and the search for alternative effective treatments has so far been unsuccessful. Various obstacles remain unresolved, and no effective salvage therapy for recurrent glioblastoma can be envisaged in the short term. One of the main impediments to progress is the low incidence of the disease itself in comparison with other pathologies, which will be made even lower by the recent WHO classification of gliomas, which includes molecular alterations. This new classification helps refine patient prognosis but does not clarify the most appropriate treatment. Other impediments are related to clinical trials: glioblastoma patients are often excluded from trials due to their advanced age and limiting neurological symptoms; there is also the question of how best to measure treatment efficacy, which conditions the design of trials and can affect the acceptance of results by oncologists and medicine agencies. Other obstacles are related to the drugs themselves: most treatments cannot cross the blood-brain-barrier or the brain-to-tumor barrier to reach therapeutic drug levels in the tumor without producing toxicity; the drugs under study may have adverse metabolic interactions with those required for symptom control; identifying the target of the drug can be a complex issue. Additionally, the optimal method of treatment - local vs systemic therapy, the choice of chemotherapy, irradiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination thereof - is not yet clear in glioblastoma in comparison with other cancers. Finally, in addition to curing or stabilizing the disease, glioblastoma therapy should aim at maintaining the neurological status of the patients to enable them to return to their previous lifestyle. Here we review currently available treatments, obstacles in the search for new treatments, and novel lines of research that show promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Pineda
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Domenech
- Medical Oncology, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Hernández
- Medical Oncology, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Comas
- Radiation Oncology, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carmen Balaña
- Medical Oncology, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain,Correspondence: Carmen Balaña, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Carretera Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Spain, Tel +34 497 89 25, Fax +34 497 89 50, Email
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12
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Huang B, Zhang J, Zong W, Chen S, Zong Z, Zeng X, Zhang H. Myeloidcells in the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma: The characteristics and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:994698. [PMID: 36923402 PMCID: PMC10008967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.994698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Conventional therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have limited success in ameliorating patient survival. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is infiltrated by a variety of myeloid cells, has been considered a crucial obstacle to current treatment. Recently, immunotherapy, which has achieved great success in hematological malignancies and some solid cancers, has garnered extensive attention for the treatment of GBM. In this review, we will present evidence on the features and functions of different populations of myeloid cells, and on current clinical advances in immunotherapies for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Medical University Electric Power Teaching Hospital/State Grid Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of neurosurgery, Jiujiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhitao Zong
- Department of neurosurgery, Jiujiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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13
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China,The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Lili Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, Drug Target and Drug Discovery Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China,Lili Feng, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, Drug Target and Drug Discovery Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. Tel: +86-25-86868462, E-mail:
| | - Yingmei Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China,Yingmei Lu, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. Tel: +86-25-86868462, E-mail:
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14
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Fatima M, Amraiz D, Navid MT. Oncolytic Virotherapy. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 185:105-126. [PMID: 37306907 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy opens up avenues for cancer treatment by selectively targeting the cancer cells and destructs them either through direct lysis or by inducing an immune response in the tumor microenvironment. This platform technology utilizes a diverse range naturally existing or genetically modified oncolytic viruses for their immunotherapeutic potential. Due to the limitations associated with the conventional cancer therapies, immunotherapies using oncolytic viruses (OVs) have generated a great deal of interest in the modern era. Currently, several oncolytic viruses have entered clinical trials and have proven successful for a number of different cancers as monotherapies as well as in combination with the standard treatment methods like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy. Efficacy of OVs can be further enhanced by utilizing several approaches. Efforts of the scientific community for getting better knowledge of individual patient tumor immune responses will enable medical community to treat cancer patients more precisely. In this regard, OV seems to be a part of multimodality cancer treatment option in the near future. In this chapter, the fundamental characteristics and mechanism of actions of oncolytic viruses are initially described and then overview of the important clinical trials of various oncolytic viruses for a number of cancers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Fatima
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Deeba Amraiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Tariq Navid
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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15
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Shoaf ML, Desjardins A. Oncolytic Viral Therapy for Malignant Glioma and Their Application in Clinical Practice. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1818-1831. [PMID: 35674873 PMCID: PMC9723031 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and outcomes remain poor despite the current standard of care multimodal therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy utilizes engineered viruses to exert an anti-tumor effect via both direct oncolysis and stimulation of an immune response within the tumor microenvironment, turning tumors from "cold" to "hot." This has shown promise as a novel therapeutic modality and attempts to circumvent the challenges associated with traditional treatments. Many oncolytic viruses have been investigated in completed and ongoing clinical trials and while safety has been demonstrated, clinical outcomes have been variable, often with only a subgroup of patients showing a significant response. This review summarizes these studies, addresses relevant technical aspects of oncolytic virus administration, and highlights practical considerations to assist providers in appropriately caring for patients treated with oncolytic virotherapy. Additionally, future directions within the field that may help to maximize efficacy of this modality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Shoaf
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 3624, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Annick Desjardins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 3624, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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16
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Fekrirad Z, Barzegar Behrooz A, Ghaemi S, Khosrojerdi A, Zarepour A, Zarrabi A, Arefian E, Ghavami S. Immunology Meets Bioengineering: Improving the Effectiveness of Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3698. [PMID: 35954362 PMCID: PMC9367505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) therapy has seen little change over the past two decades. Surgical excision followed by radiation and chemotherapy is the current gold standard treatment. Immunotherapy techniques have recently transformed many cancer treatments, and GBM is now at the forefront of immunotherapy research. GBM immunotherapy prospects are reviewed here, with an emphasis on immune checkpoint inhibitors and oncolytic viruses. Various forms of nanomaterials to enhance immunotherapy effectiveness are also discussed. For GBM treatment and immunotherapy, we outline the specific properties of nanomaterials. In addition, we provide a short overview of several 3D (bio)printing techniques and their applications in stimulating the GBM microenvironment. Lastly, the susceptibility of GBM cancer cells to the various immunotherapy methods will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fekrirad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran 18735-136, Iran;
| | - Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Brain Cancer Research Group, Department of Cancer, Asu Vanda Gene Industrial Research Company, Tehran 1533666398, Iran;
| | - Shokoofeh Ghaemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran;
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran;
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey;
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran;
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6559, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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17
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HOTAIRM1 Maintained the Malignant Phenotype of tMSCs Transformed by GSCs via E2F7 by Binding to FUS. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7734413. [PMID: 35586206 PMCID: PMC9110228 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7734413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are an important part of the glioma microenvironment and are involved in the malignant progression of glioma. In our previous study, we showed that MSCs can be induced to a malignant phenotype (tMSCs) by glioma stem cells (GSCs) in the microenvironment. However, the potential mechanism by which tMSCs maintain their malignant phenotype after malignant transformation has not been fully clarified. Methods. The expression of HOTAIRM1, FUS, and E2F7 was detected by qRT-PCR. Clone formation, EdU, and Transwell assay were used to explore the role of HOTAIRM1, FUS, and E2F7 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tMSCs. Bioinformatics analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to explore the relation among HOTAIRM1, FUS, and E2F7. Results. HOTAIRM1 was upregulated in tMSCs compared with MSCs. Loss- and gain-of-function assays showed that HOTAIRM1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tMSCs. qRT-PCR and functional assays revealed that E2F7 might be the downstream target of HOTAIRM1. A further study of the mechanism showed that HOTAIRM1 could bind to FUS, an RNA-binding protein (RBP), and thus regulate E2F7, which could promote the malignant phenotype of tMSCs. Conclusion. Our study revealed that the HOTAIRM1/FUS/E2F7 axis is involved in the malignant progression of tMSCs transformed by GSCs in the glioma microenvironment and may function as a novel target for glioma therapy.
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18
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Zhang D, Zhang T, Zhu J, Li J. Discovery of novel targets and mechanisms of MEK inhibitor Selumetinib for LGG treatment based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. J Mol Model 2022; 28:138. [PMID: 35523987 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, to find a new target and mechanism of MEK inhibitor Selumetinib in the treatment of low-grade glioma (LGG), and to provide theoretical guidance for its clinical medication. All possible targets of Selumetinib were fished through the compound target prediction database. New targets of Selumetinib in the treatment of LGG were found and its mechanism was evaluated employing molecular docking, gene difference analysis, molecular dynamics simulation, and protein subcellular localization prediction. A total of 100 Selumetinib targets and 85 LGG-related targets were screened in this study. There were 7 active targets at the intersection of the two. Through protein interaction (PPI), gene enrichment analysis, and gene difference analysis, one effective target of Selumetinib was finally screened, CDK2 mainly existing in the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane; the target plays a role in the treatment of LGG by inhibiting the signal pathways of PI3K Akt and participating in biological processes such as peptide amino acid modification, regulation of intracellular signal transduction, and positive regulation of cell metabolism. CDK2 may be a new direction of Selumetinib in the clinical treatment of LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang Street, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tieying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang Street, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang Street, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xiangyang Street, Xinjiang, China.
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19
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Tahir M, Ahmad N, Lei D, Ali S. Emerging role of oncolytic viruses and stem cells in gene therapy: should they be integrated? Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2244-2251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yan T, Tian D, Chen J, Tan Y, Cheng Y, Ye L, Deng G, Liu B, Yuan F, Zhang S, Cai L, Chen Q. FCGBP Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Associated With Immune Infiltration in Glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:769033. [PMID: 35047393 PMCID: PMC8761730 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.769033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fc Fragment of IgG Binding Protein (FCGBP) has been proven to participate in intestinal tumor immunity. However, the biological role of FCGBP has remained unclear in glioma. The differential expression of FCGBP was explored by Oncomine and GEPIA databases. The effect of FCGBP on prognosis was analyzed via Kaplan–Meier plotter and GEPIA. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) tool was used to determine the correlations of FCGBP expression with tumor immune infiltration. Firstly, FCGBP was highly expressed in glioma and correlated with a worse prognosis. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and co-expression genes of FCGBP were mainly involved in the immune response. Furthermore, FCGBP expression was positively associated with multiple immune cells infiltrates as well as the expression levels of multiple immune markers in glioma. FCGBP co-expression networks mostly participated in the regulation of immune response. Finally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were conducted to explore the expression of FCGBP, PD-L1, CCL2 and CD8 in glioma and correlations between them. We found that PDL1 and FCGBP were synchronously upregulated in glioma tissues. These findings revealed a new mechanism by which FCGBP participates in the immune tolerance of glioma, and implied the potential of FCGBP as a therapeutic target or predictive marker for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfeng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinqiu Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liguo Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanen Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linzhi Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Ding L, Gao Q, Xu Z, Cai L, Chen S, Zhang X, Cao P, Chen G. An Inter-Supplementary Biohybrid System Based on Natural Killer Cells for the Combinational Immunotherapy and Virotherapy of Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103470. [PMID: 34747156 PMCID: PMC8805568 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads) have gained great attention in cancer therapy because they cause direct cytolytic infection and indirectly induce antitumor immunity. However, their efficacy is compromised by host antiviral immune response, poor tumor delivery, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, a natural killer (NK) cell-mediated Ad delivery system (Ad@NK) is generated by harnessing the merits of the two components for combinational immunotherapy and virotherapy of cancer. In this biohybrid system, NK cells with a tumor-homing tropism act as bioreactors and shelters for the loading, protection, replication, amplification, and release of Ads, thereby leading to a highly efficient systemic tumor-targeted delivery. As feedback, Ad infection offers NK cells an enhanced antitumor immunity by activating type I interferon signaling in a STAT4-granzyme B-dependent manner. Moreover, it is found that the Ad@NK system can relieve immunosuppression in the TME by promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and the polarization of macrophages to M1 phenotype. Both in vitro and in vivo data indicate the excellent antitumor and antimetastatic functions of Ad@NKs by destroying tumor cells, inducing immunogenic cell death, and immunomodulating TME. This work provides a clinical basis for improved oncolytic virotherapy in combination with NK cell therapy based on the inter-supplementary biohybrid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Institute of Comparative MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Cai
- Institute of Translational MedicineMedical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Institute of Comparative MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu210023P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Institute of Comparative MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
- Jiangsu Co‐innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and ZoonosesYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
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22
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Attia N, Mashal M, Pemminati S, Omole A, Edmondson C, Jones W, Priyadarshini P, Mughal T, Aziz P, Zenick B, Perez A, Lacken M. Cell-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: An Update from Preclinical to Clinical Studies. Cells 2021; 11:116. [PMID: 35011678 PMCID: PMC8750228 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB), an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, represents about 60% of all adult primary brain tumors. It is notorious for its extremely low (~5%) 5-year survival rate which signals the unsatisfactory results of the standard protocol for GB therapy. This issue has become, over time, the impetus for the discipline of bringing novel therapeutics to the surface and challenging them so they can be improved. The cell-based approach in treating GB found its way to clinical trials thanks to a marvelous number of preclinical studies that probed various types of cells aiming to combat GB and increase the survival rate. In this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the up-to-date preclinical studies that utilized stem cells or immune cells to treat GB. Likewise, we tried to summarize the most recent clinical trials using both cell categories to treat or prevent recurrence of GB in patients. As with any other therapeutics, cell-based therapy in GB is still hampered by many drawbacks. Therefore, we highlighted several novel techniques, such as the use of biomaterials, scaffolds, nanoparticles, or cells in the 3D context that may depict a promising future when combined with the cell-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Attia
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mashal
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sudhakar Pemminati
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Adekunle Omole
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Carolyn Edmondson
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Will Jones
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Priyanka Priyadarshini
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Temoria Mughal
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Pauline Aziz
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Blesing Zenick
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Ambar Perez
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Morgan Lacken
- The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda; (S.P.); (A.O.); (C.E.); (W.J.); (P.P.); (T.M.); (P.A.); (B.Z.); (A.P.); (M.L.)
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Yassine S, Alaaeddine N. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes and Cancer: Controversies and Prospects. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 6:e2101050. [PMID: 34939371 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have displayed a novel therapeutic strategy for a wide range of diseases and conditions. Their secretome and exosome-based paracrine activity are considered as the main processes harboring their diverse therapeutic properties. Several investigations have examined the effects of MSC-derived exosomes on cancer growth, yet, controversial results have always emerged. Although MSC-derived exosomes are able to rigorously enforce the repression of cancer proliferation and progression, it is shown that MSCs exosomal activity displays numerous protumorigenic effects. This discrepancy over the dual effects of MSCs on cancer growth may be mediated by many factors including experimental design, stem cells origins, culture conditions, in addition to cancer-MSCs cross-talks. Despite the controversial effects of MSCs on carcinogenesis, scientists are able to overcome a number of obstacles by modifying MSCs to deliver antioncogenic miRNAs, anticancer drugs, and oncolytic viruses into tumor sites. This review discusses the controversial effects of MSC-derived exosomes on tumorigenesis, investigates the main causes that underlie this discrepancy, summarizes the pattern of engineered-MSCs, and finally highlights how future studies should advance the research in the field of MSCs-based cancer therapies in order to accelerate the transition from preclinical studies to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirine Yassine
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, 1100, Lebanon
| | - Nada Alaaeddine
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, 1100, Lebanon
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Sadanandan N, Shear A, Brooks B, Saft M, Cabantan DAG, Kingsbury C, Zhang H, Anthony S, Wang ZJ, Salazar FE, Lezama Toledo AR, Rivera Monroy G, Vega Gonzales-Portillo J, Moscatello A, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. Treating Metastatic Brain Cancers With Stem Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:749716. [PMID: 34899179 PMCID: PMC8651876 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.749716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy may present an effective treatment for metastatic brain cancer and glioblastoma. Here we posit the critical role of a leaky blood-brain barrier (BBB) as a key element for the development of brain metastases, specifically melanoma. By reviewing the immunological and inflammatory responses associated with BBB damage secondary to tumoral activity, we identify the involvement of this pathological process in the growth and formation of metastatic brain cancers. Likewise, we evaluate the hypothesis of regenerating impaired endothelial cells of the BBB and alleviating the damaged neurovascular unit to attenuate brain metastasis, using the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) phenotype of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Specifically, there is a need to evaluate the efficacy for stem cell therapy to repair disruptions in the BBB and reduce inflammation in the brain, thereby causing attenuation of metastatic brain cancers. To establish the viability of stem cell therapy for the prevention and treatment of metastatic brain tumors, it is crucial to demonstrate BBB repair through augmentation of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. BBB disruption is strongly linked to metastatic melanoma, worsens neuroinflammation during metastasis, and negatively influences the prognosis of metastatic brain cancer. Using stem cell therapy to interrupt inflammation secondary to this leaky BBB represents a paradigm-shifting approach for brain cancer treatment. In this review article, we critically assess the advantages and disadvantages of using stem cell therapy for brain metastases and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Shear
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Beverly Brooks
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Madeline Saft
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Chase Kingsbury
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Henry Zhang
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stefan Anthony
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Zhen-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Felipe Esparza Salazar
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | - Alma R Lezama Toledo
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | - Germán Rivera Monroy
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, Mexico
| | | | - Alexa Moscatello
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States.,Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
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25
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Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Targeted Delivery to the Brain: Potential and Challenges of the Extracellular Vesicle-Based Approach for Brain Tumor Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011187. [PMID: 34681842 PMCID: PMC8538190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating brain tumors presents enormous challenges, and there are still poor prognoses in both adults and children. Application of novel targets and potential drugs is hindered by the function of the blood-brain barrier, which significantly restricts therapeutic access to the tumor. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can cross biological barriers, migrate to sites of injuries to exert many healing effects, and be engineered to incorporate different types of cargo, making them an ideal vehicle to transport anti-tumor agents to the central nervous system. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by MSCs (MSC-EVs) have valuable innate properties from parent cells, and are being exploited as cell-free treatments for many neurological diseases. Compared to using MSCs, targeted delivery via MSC-EVs has a better pharmacokinetic profile, yet avoids many critical issues of cell-based systems. As the field of MSC therapeutic applications is quickly expanding, this article aims to give an overall picture for one direction of EV-based targeting of brain tumors, with updates on available techniques, outcomes of experimental models, and critical challenges of this concept.
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26
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Zhou J, Liu R. Upregulation of miR-144-3p expression attenuates glioma cell viability and invasion by targeting BCL6. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1157. [PMID: 34504602 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma remains to be an aggressive type of cancer with poor prognosis irrespective of the type of standard treatment applied. Therefore, identification of accurate early diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies for glioma is imperative for the treatment of this disease. The expression of a number of miRNAs in glioma have been reported to be associated with the regulation of tumorigenic progression, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis and drug resistance. The aim of the present study was to assess the function of the microRNA (miR/miRNA)-144-3p/BCL6 axis in glioma. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to measure miR-144-3p and BCL6 expression. Western blotting was used for measuring BCL6 expression. Luciferase reporter assay was used to assess the association between miR-144-3p and BCL6 and a tumor xenograft model was established for assess tumor growth. The data demonstrated that miR-144-3p was decreased whereas BCL6 expression was increased in glioma tissues compared with those in healthy human brain tissues, where miR-144-3p suppressed BCL6 expression by targeting the 3'-UTR sequence of BCL6. miR-144-3p overexpression alleviated proliferation and invasion in U251 cells whereas transfection with the BCL6-overexpressing plasmid rescued the suppressive effects of miR-144-3p upregulation on the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells. In addition, miR-144-3p overexpression and BCL6 downregulation inhibited tumor progression in a mouse tumor xenograft model. The present findings suggest that miR-144-3p and BCL6 may serve to be indicator of proliferation and invasion for patients with glioma. Furthermore, BCL6 may serve an important role in the miR-144-3p-mediated regulation of proliferation and invasion of glioma cells, where the miR-144-3p/BCL6 axis can be used to target patients with glioma therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchang University People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jianxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ruen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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27
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Xue BZ, Xiang W, Zhang Q, Wang HF, Zhou YJ, Tian H, Abdelmaksou A, Xue J, Sun MX, Yi DY, Xiong NX, Jiang XB, Zhao HY, Fu P. CD90 low glioma-associated mesenchymal stromal/stem cells promote temozolomide resistance by activating FOXS1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioma cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:394. [PMID: 34256854 PMCID: PMC8278613 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumour microenvironment contributes to chemotherapy resistance in gliomas, and glioma-associated mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (gaMSCs) are important stromal cell components that play multiple roles in tumour progression. However, whether gaMSCs affect chemotherapy resistance to the first-line agent temozolomide (TMZ) remains unclear. Herein, we explored the effect and mechanism of gaMSCs on resistance to TMZ in glioma cells. Methods Human glioma cells (cell line U87MG and primary glioblastoma cell line GBM-1) were cultured in conditioned media of gaMSCs and further treated with TMZ. The proliferation, apoptosis and migration of glioma cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and wound-healing assays. The expression of FOXS1 in glioma cells was analysed by gene microarray, PCR and Western blotting. Then, FOXS1 expression in glioma cells was up- and downregulated by lentivirus transfection, and markers of the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) process were detected. Tumour-bearing nude mice were established with different glioma cells and treated with TMZ to measure tumour size, survival time and Ki-67 expression. Finally, the expression of IL-6 in gaMSC subpopulations and its effects on FOXS1 expression in glioma cells were also investigated. Results Conditioned media of gaMSCs promoted the proliferation, migration and chemotherapy resistance of glioma cells. The increased expression of FOXS1 and activation of the EMT process in glioma cells under gaMSC-conditioned media were detected. The relationship of FOXS1, EMT and chemotherapy resistance in glioma cells was demonstrated through the regulation of FOXS1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, FOXS1 expression in glioma cells was increased by secretion of IL-6 mainly from the CD90low gaMSC subpopulation. Conclusions CD90low gaMSCs could increase FOXS1 expression in glioma cells by IL-6 secretion, thereby activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and resistance to TMZ in glioma cells. These results indicate a new role of gaMSCs in chemotherapy resistance and provide novel therapeutic targets. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02458-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Zhou Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hao-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ahmed Abdelmaksou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11435, Egypt
| | - Jian Xue
- Henan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Zhoukou, 466000, China
| | - Min-Xuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Dong-Ye Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Nan-Xiang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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28
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Oncolytic Viruses for Malignant Glioma: On the Verge of Success? Viruses 2021; 13:v13071294. [PMID: 34372501 PMCID: PMC8310195 DOI: 10.3390/v13071294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most difficult tumor types to treat with conventional therapy options like tumor debulking and chemo- and radiotherapy. Immunotherapeutic agents like oncolytic viruses, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells have revolutionized cancer therapy, but their success in glioblastoma remains limited and further optimization of immunotherapies is needed. Several oncolytic viruses have demonstrated the ability to infect tumors and trigger anti-tumor immune responses in malignant glioma patients. Leading the pack, oncolytic herpesvirus, first in its class, awaits an approval for treating malignant glioma from MHLW, the federal authority of Japan. Nevertheless, some major hurdles like the blood–brain barrier, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and tumor heterogeneity can engender suboptimal efficacy in malignant glioma. In this review, we discuss the current status of malignant glioma therapies with a focus on oncolytic viruses in clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the obstacles faced by oncolytic viruses in malignant glioma patients and strategies that are being used to overcome these limitations to (1) optimize delivery of oncolytic viruses beyond the blood–brain barrier; (2) trigger inflammatory immune responses in and around tumors; and (3) use multimodal therapies in combination to tackle tumor heterogeneity, with an end goal of optimizing the therapeutic outcome of oncolytic virotherapy.
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29
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Zhang J, Chen H, Chen C, Liu H, He Y, Zhao J, Yang P, Mao Q, Xia H. Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells loaded with a novel oncolytic adenovirus carrying IL-24/endostatin enhances glioma therapy. Cancer Lett 2021; 509:26-38. [PMID: 33819529 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus-mediated gene therapy shows promise for cancer treatment; however, the systemic delivery of oncolytic adenovirus to tumors remains challenging. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as potential vehicles for improving delivery. Yet, because the oncolytic adenovirus replicates in MSCs, balancing MSC viability with viral load is key to achieving optimal therapeutic effect. We thus developed an all-in-one Tet-on system that can regulate replication of oncolytic adenovirus. Then, we loaded the novel oncolytic adenovirus carrying interleukin (IL)-24 and/or Endostatin in human umbilical cord blood-mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) for glioma therapy. In vitro assays demonstrated that this novel oncolytic adenovirus could efficiently replicate and kill glioma cells while sparing normal cells. Moreover, doxycycline effectively regulated oncolytic adenovirus replication in the hUCB-MSCs. The doxycycline induction group with dual expression of IL-24 and Endostatin exhibited significantly greater antitumor effects than other groups in a xenograft model of glioma. Thus, this strategy for systemic delivery of oncolytic adenovirus with its oncolytic activity controlled by a Tet-on system is a promising method for achieving antitumor efficacy in glioma, especially for metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, PR China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
| | - Haimeng Liu
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
| | - Yurou He
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China.
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30
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Zhu G, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Liu F. Targeting Tumor-Associated Antigen: A Promising CAR-T Therapeutic Strategy for Glioblastoma Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661606. [PMID: 34248623 PMCID: PMC8264285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy is a prospective therapeutic strategy for blood cancers tumor, especially leukemia, but it is not effective for solid tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly immunosuppressive and deadly malignant tumor with poor responses to immunotherapies. Although CAR-T therapeutic strategies were used for glioma in preclinical trials, the current proliferation activity of CAR-T is not sufficient, and malignant glioma usually recruit immunosuppressive cells to form a tumor microenvironment that hinders CAR-T infiltration, depletes CAR-T, and impairs their efficacy. Moreover, specific environments such as hypoxia and nutritional deficiency can hinder the killing effect of CAR-T, limiting their therapeutic effect. The normal brain lack lymphocytes, but CAR-T usually can recognize specific antigens and regulate the tumor immune microenvironment to increase and decrease pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, respectively. This increases the number of T cells and ultimately enhances anti-tumor effects. CAR-T therapy has become an indispensable modality for glioma due to the specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). This review describes the characteristics of CAR-T specific antigen recognition and changing tumor immune microenvironment, as well as ongoing research into CAR-T therapy targeting TAAs in GBM and their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guidong Zhu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China.,Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Junwen Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, China
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31
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Qiu X, Tian Y, Xu J, Jiang X, Liu Z, Qi X, Chang X, Zhao J, Huang J. Development and Validation of an Immune-Related Long Non-coding RNA Prognostic Model in Glioma. J Cancer 2021; 12:4264-4276. [PMID: 34093827 PMCID: PMC8176429 DOI: 10.7150/jca.53831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the immune processes of glioma. Immune related lncRNAs (IRlncRs) may be a critical prognosis in patients with glioma. The current study aimed to construct a glioma immune-related prognosis model by IRlncRs. Methods: Transcriptome RNA-sequencing data of glioma were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and an immune‑related risk score (IRRS) model was constructed by Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the prognosis on IRRS. A predictive nomogram and a time-dependent ROC curve was performed in training and validation cohort. We explored the relationships between survival‑related IRlncRs (sIRlncRs) and clinicopathologic parameters. Functional annotation of the sIRlncRs was investigated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The relationships between IRRS model and immune cell infiltration and co-expression network analysis among the sIRlncRs were performed for molecular mechanism study. Results: A total of 10 sIRlncRs were enrolled to build IRRS model. The IRRS was identified as an independent prognostic factor and correlated with the overall survival (AUC =0.880). The nomogram was constructed successfully with IRRS, age and grade as variables. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated that B cells, neutrophil, dendritic and macrophage cells were positively correlated with IRRS. PCA and GSEA illustrated that the lncRNA signature enrolled the IRRS model was closely related to immune status. Additionally, co-expression network showed that there was a strong correlation between 10 sIRlncRs at the transcriptional level. Conclusion: We successfully constructed a remarkable clinical model of sIRlncRs with potential prognostic value for glioma patients, which provides an insight into immunological research and treatment strategies of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Qiu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yehong Tian
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China.,Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingnan Xu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuewei Qi
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinchang Huang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
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32
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Wu J, Xie S, Li H, Zhang Y, Yue J, Yan C, Liu K, Liu Y, Xu R, Zheng G. Antitumor effect of IL-12 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with Fuzheng Yiliu decoction in an in vivo glioma nude mouse model. J Transl Med 2021; 19:143. [PMID: 33827606 PMCID: PMC8028710 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is a complex cancer with a high morbidity and high mortality. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have shown promise as an excellent cell/drug delivery vehicle for gene-targeted therapy; however, maintaining genetic stability and biological activity remains difficult. Furthermore, whether BMSCs support or inhibit tumor growth remains debated. This study investigated whether a traditional Chinese medicine fomular, Fuzheng Yiliu decoction (FYD) had a synergistic antitumor effect with IL-12 gene-modified BMSCs in glioma-bearing nude mice Methods The lentivirus-mediated IL-12 gene was transfected into primarily cultured BMSCs. A total of 72 BALB/c nude mice were used to establish xenograft models with glioma U251 cells and were divided into groups (n = 12) including blank control group, nude mouse model group (model group), lentiviral transfection of BMSC group with no gene loading (BMSC group), IL-12 lentivirus-transfected BMSC group (IL-12 + BMSC group), FYD treatment group (FYD group), and FYD treatment in IL-12 lentivirus-transfected BMSC group (FYD + IL-12 + BMSC group).. After treatment for 14 days, all mice were sacrificed to collect tumor tissue and serum for more detection, such as distribution of BMSCs, cell apoptosis in xenograft tumors, serum IL-12 and INF-γ levels, mouse weight and tumor volume were measured Results There were significantly more apoptotic cells in tumor tissue in IL-12 gene transfected group, FYD treatment group and FYD combining with IL-12 gene transfected group than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The FYD + IL-12 + BMSC group showed significantly higher Bax and lower Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05), and serum IL-12 and INF-γ levels (P < 0.05) were higher than that in all other groups. After the intervention, this group also showed a strong inhibitory effect against tumor growth (P < 0.05) Conclusions This study suggested FYD treatment combined with IL-12 gene-modified BMSCs shows synergistic antitumor effect in glioma-bearing nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wu
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shoupin Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jia Yue
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Guisen Zheng
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Mishra VS, Kumar N, Raza M, Sehrawat S. Amalgamation of PI3K and EZH2 blockade synergistically regulates invasion and angiogenesis: combination therapy for glioblastoma multiforme. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4754-4769. [PMID: 33473259 PMCID: PMC7771717 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is known as the primary malignant and most devastating form of tumor in central nervous system of adult population. Amongst all CNS cancers, Glioblastoma multiforme GBM is a rare grade IV astrocytoma and it has the worst prognosis initiated by metastasis to supra-tentorial region of the brain. Current options for the treatment include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Substantial information of its pathology and molecular signaling exposed new avenues for generating innovative therapies. In our study, we have undertaken a novel combination approach for GBM treatment. PI3K signaling participates in cancer progression and plays a significant role in metastasis. Here, we are targeting PI3K signaling pathways in glioblastoma along with EZH2, a known transcriptional regulator. We found that targeting transcriptional regulator EZH2 and PI3K affect cellular migration and morphological changes. These changes in signatory activities of cancerous cells led to inhibit its progression in vitro. With further analysis we confirmed the angiogenic inhibition and reduction in stem-ness potential of GBM. Later, cytokine proteome array analysis revealed several participants of metastasis and tumor induced angiogenesis using combination regime. This study provides a significant reduction in GBM progression investigated using Glioblastoma Multiforme U-87 cells with effective combination of pharmacological inhibitors PI-103 and EPZ-6438. This strategy will be further used to combat GBM more innovatively along with the existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu S Mishra
- Precision NeuroOncology & NeuroVascular Disease Modeling Group, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR 201314, India.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Precision NeuroOncology & NeuroVascular Disease Modeling Group, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR 201314, India.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Masoom Raza
- Precision NeuroOncology & NeuroVascular Disease Modeling Group, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR 201314, India
| | - Seema Sehrawat
- Precision NeuroOncology & NeuroVascular Disease Modeling Group, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR 201314, India
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Bush LM, Healy CP, Javdan SB, Emmons JC, Deans TL. Biological Cells as Therapeutic Delivery Vehicles. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 42:106-118. [PMID: 33342562 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the significant challenges remaining in the field of drug delivery is insufficient targeting of diseased tissues or cells. While efforts to perform targeted drug delivery by engineered nanoparticles have shown some success, there are underlying targeting, toxicity, and immunogenicity challenges. By contrast, live cells usually have innate targeting mechanisms, and can be used as drug-delivery vehicles to increase the efficiency with which a drug accumulates to act on the intended tissue. In some cases, when no native cell types exhibit the desired therapeutic phenotype, preferred outcomes can be achieved by genetically modifying and reprogramming cells with gene circuits. This review highlights recent advances in the use of cells to deliver therapeutics. Specifically, we discuss how red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, neutrophils, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and bacteria have been utilized to advance drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M Bush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Connor P Healy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Shwan B Javdan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jonathan C Emmons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tara L Deans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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35
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Ruiz-Garcia H, Alvarado-Estrada K, Krishnan S, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Trifiletti DM. Nanoparticles for Stem Cell Therapy Bioengineering in Glioma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:558375. [PMID: 33365304 PMCID: PMC7750507 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.558375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a dismal disease associated with poor survival and high morbidity. Current standard treatments have reached a therapeutic plateau even after combining maximal safe resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. In this setting, stem cells (SCs) have risen as a promising therapeutic armamentarium, given their intrinsic tumor homing as well as their natural or bioengineered antitumor properties. The interplay between stem cells and other therapeutic approaches such as nanoparticles holds the potential to synergize the advantages from the combined therapeutic strategies. Nanoparticles represent a broad spectrum of synthetic and natural biomaterials that have been proven effective in expanding diagnostic and therapeutic efforts, either used alone or in combination with immune, genetic, or cellular therapies. Stem cells have been bioengineered using these biomaterials to enhance their natural properties as well as to act as their vehicle when anticancer nanoparticles need to be delivered into the tumor microenvironment in a very precise manner. Here, we describe the recent developments of this new paradigm in the treatment of malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Ruiz-Garcia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Daniel M Trifiletti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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Efficacy of a novel double-controlled oncolytic adenovirus driven by the Ki67 core promoter and armed with IL-15 against glioblastoma cells. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:124. [PMID: 33133514 PMCID: PMC7592588 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunosuppressive, highly vascular and devastating malignant brain tumor. Even with progressive combination treatment that includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis for GBM patients is still extremely poor. Oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) can specifically replicate in GBM cells, permitting the rapid copy of the therapeutic genes it carries. Moreover, E1A is an essential gene in adenoviral replication and is the first gene expressed upon viral infection. E1A expression can be regulated by the Ki67 promoter, while the CMV promoter drives therapeutic gene expression. However, the efficacy of a double-controlled OAd driven by the Ki67 core promoter and armed with IL-15 against GBM cells has not been investigated. Methods Fluorescence microscopy was performed to evaluate infection ability in the viruses. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Levels of cytokines in different supernatants were determined by ELISA, and IL-15 gene expression was measured by RT-PCR. Angiogenic capacity was analyzed by tube formation assay. Results We successfully constructed a double-controlled oncolytic adenovirus driven by the Ki67 core promoter and armed with IL-15 that selectively infected and killed GBM cells while sparing normal cells. The adenoviruses prime IL-15 gene expression to significantly enhance anti-GBM efficacy through effective activation of microglial cells. Moreover, OAd not only directly inhibits angiogenesis but exhibits potent antiangiogenic capacity mediated by the reduction of VEGF secretion. Conclusions These results provide new insight into the effects of a novel double-controlled OAd driven by the Ki67 core promoter and armed with IL-15 in glioblastoma treatment, which may help in the development of novel therapies in solid tumors.
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Goodarzi A, Khanmohammadi M, Ai A, Khodayari H, Ai A, Farahani MS, Khodayari S, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Mohandesnezhad S, Ai J. Simultaneous impact of atorvastatin and mesenchymal stem cells for glioblastoma multiform suppression in rat glioblastoma multiform model. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7783-7795. [PMID: 32981013 PMCID: PMC7588373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is known as an aggressive glial neoplasm. Recently incorporation of mesenchymal stem cells with anti-tumor drugs have been used due to lack of immunological responses and their easy accessibility. In this study, we have investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity of atorvastatin (Ator) in combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The MSCs isolated from rats and characterized for their multi-potency features. The anti-proliferative and migration inhibition of Ator and MSCs were evaluated by MTT and scratch migration assays. The annexin/PI percentage and cell cycle arrest of treated C6 cells were evaluated until 72 h incubation. The animal model was established via injection of C6 cells in the brain of rats and subsequent injection of Ator each 3 days and single injection of MSCs until 12 days. The growth rate, migrational phenotype and cell cycle progression of C6 cells decreased and inhibited by the interplay of different factors in the presence of Ator and MSCs. The effect of Ator and MSCs on animal models displayed a significant reduction in tumor size and weight. Furthermore, histopathology evaluation proved low hypercellularity and mitosis index as well as mild invasive tumor cells for perivascular cuffing without pseudopalisading necrosis and small delicate vessels in Ator + MSCs condition. In summary, Ator and MSCs delivery to GBM model provides an effective strategy for targeted therapy of brain tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Goodarzi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Skull Base Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arman Ai
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ai
- Scientific Research Center, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Sagharjoghi Farahani
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine, Dusseldorf, Germany.,Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanam Mohandesnezhad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xue BZ, Xiang W, Zhang Q, Wang YH, Wang HF, Yi DY, Xiong NX, Jiang XB, Zhao HY, Fu P. Roles of long non-coding RNAs in the hallmarks of glioma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:83. [PMID: 32863916 PMCID: PMC7436925 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common types of tumor of the central nervous system. Due to the aggressiveness and invasiveness of high-level gliomas, the survival time of patients with these tumors is short, at ~15 months, even after combined treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) serve crucial roles in the multistep development of human gliomas. Gliomas acquire numerous biological abilities during multistep development that collectively constitute the hallmarks of glioma. Thus, in this review, the roles of lncRNAs associated with glioma hallmarks and the current and future prospects for their development are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Zhou Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ye Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Xiang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Zhang Q, Liu F. Advances and potential pitfalls of oncolytic viruses expressing immunomodulatory transgene therapy for malignant gliomas. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:485. [PMID: 32587256 PMCID: PMC7316762 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunosuppressive, lethal brain tumor. Despite advances in molecular understanding and therapies, the clinical benefits have remained limited, and the life expectancy of patients with GBM has only been extended to ~15 months. Currently, genetically modified oncolytic viruses (OV) that express immunomodulatory transgenes constitute a research hot spot in the field of glioma treatment. An oncolytic virus is designed to selectively target, infect, and replicate in tumor cells while sparing normal tissues. Moreover, many studies have shown therapeutic advantages, and recent clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of their usage. However, the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses alone is limited, while oncolytic viruses expressing immunomodulatory transgenes are more potent inducers of immunity and enhance immune cell-mediated antitumor immune responses in GBM. An increasing number of basic studies on oncolytic viruses encoding immunomodulatory transgene therapy for malignant gliomas have yielded beneficial outcomes. Oncolytic viruses that are armed with immunomodulatory transgenes remain promising as a therapy against malignant gliomas and will undoubtedly provide new insights into possible clinical uses or strategies. In this review, we summarize the research advances related to oncolytic viruses that express immunomodulatory transgenes, as well as potential treatment pitfalls in patients with malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Moore KM, Murthy AB, Graham-Gurysh EG, Hingtgen SD, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Polymeric Biomaterial Scaffolds for Tumoricidal Stem Cell Glioblastoma Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3762-3777. [PMID: 33463324 PMCID: PMC10373914 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and has a poor prognosis; as such, there is an urgent need to develop innovative new therapies. Tumoricidal stem cells are an emerging therapy that has the potential to combat limitations of traditional local and systemic chemotherapeutic strategies for GBM by providing a source for high, sustained concentrations of tumoricidal agents locally to the tumor. One major roadblock for tumoricidal stem cell therapy is that the persistence of tumoricidal stem cells injected as a cell suspension into the GBM surgical resection cavity is limited. Polymeric biomaterial scaffolds have been utilized to enhance the delivery of tumoricidal stem cells in the surgical resection cavity and extend their persistence in the brain, ultimately increasing their therapeutic efficacy against GBM. In this review, we examine three main scaffold categories explored for tumoricidal stem cell therapy: microcapsules, hydrogels, and electrospun scaffolds. Furthermore, considering the significant impact of surgery on the brain and recurrent GBM, we survey a brief history of orthotopic models of GBM surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Moore
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ananya B Murthy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Elizabeth G Graham-Gurysh
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Shawn D Hingtgen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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Dai X, Wang Y, Dong X, Sheng M, Wang H, Shi J, Sheng Y, Liu L, Jiang Q, Chen Y, Wu B, Yang X, Cheng H, Kang C, Dong J. Downregulation of miRNA-146a-5p promotes malignant transformation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells by glioma stem-like cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9151-9172. [PMID: 32452829 PMCID: PMC7288935 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are promising carriers in cell-based therapies against central nervous system diseases, and have been evaluated in various clinical trials in recent years. However, bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) are reportedly involved in tumorigenesis initiated by glioma stem-like cells (GSCs). We therefore established three different orthotopic models of GSC-MSC interactions in vivo using dual-color fluorescence tracing. Cell sorting and micropipetting techniques were used to obtain highly proliferative MSC monoclones from each model, and these cells were identified as transformed MSC lines 1, 2 and 3. Nineteen miRNAs were upregulated and 24 miRNAs were downregulated in all three transformed MSC lines compared to normal BMSCs. Reduced miR-146a-5p expression in the transformed MSCs was associated with their proliferation, malignant transformation and overexpression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D. These findings suggest that downregulation of miR-146a-5p leads to overexpression of its target gene, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D, thereby promoting malignant transformation of MSCs during interactions with GSCs. Given the risk that MSCs will undergo malignant transformation in the glioma microenvironment, targeted glioma therapies employing MSCs as therapeutic carriers should be considered cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Dai
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuchen Dong
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Minfeng Sheng
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yujing Sheng
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Qianqian Jiang
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yanming Chen
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Bingshan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Brain Tumor Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
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Retinol dehydrogenase 10 promotes metastasis of glioma cells via the transforming growth factor-β/SMAD signaling pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 132:2430-2437. [PMID: 31613821 PMCID: PMC6831065 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Because of the resistance of glioma to chemoradiotherapy and its aggressive growth, the survival rate of patients with glioma has not improved. This study aimed to disclose the effect of retinol dehydrogenase 10 (RDH10) on the migration and invasion of glioma cells, and to explore the potential mechanism. Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the expression levels of RDH10 in healthy glial cells and glioma cells. Human glioma cell strains, U87 and U251, were infected with negative control or RDH10-interfering lentiviruses. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the knockdown efficiency. Scratch and transwell assays were used to assess cell migration and invasion after RDH10 knockdown. Finally, changes in transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling pathway-related expression were examined by Western blotting. Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: RDH10 was highly expressed in glioma cells. Compared with the control group, RDH10 knockdown significantly reduced RDH10 messenger RNA and protein expression levels in U87 and U251 glioma cells (U87: 1.00 ± 0.08 vs. 0.22 ± 0.02, t = 16.55, P < 0.001; U251: 1.00 ± 0.17 vs. 0.39 ± 0.01, t = 6.30, P < 0.001). The scratch assay indicated that compared with the control group, RDH10 knockdown significantly inhibited the migration of glioma cells (U87: 1.00% ± 0.04% vs. 2.00% ± 0.25%, t = 6.08, P < 0.01; U251: 1.00% ± 0.11% vs. 2.48% ± 0.31%, t = 5.79, P < 0.01). Furthermore, RDH10 knockdown significantly inhibited the invasive capacity of glioma cells (U87: 97.30 ± 7.01 vs. 13.70 ± 0.58, t = 20.36, P < 0.001; U251: 96.20 ± 7.10 vs. 18.30 ± 2.08, t = 18.51, P < 0.001). Finally, Western blotting demonstrated that compared with the control group, downregulation of RDH10 significantly inhibited TGF-β expression, phosphorylated SMAD2, and phosphorylated SMAD3 (TGF-β: 1.00 ± 0.10 vs. 0.53 ± 0.06, t = 7.05, P < 0.01; phosphorylated SMAD2: 1.00 ± 0.20 vs. 0.42 ± 0.17, t = 4.01, P < 0.01; phosphorylated SMAD3: 1.00 ± 0.18 vs. 0.41 ± 0.12, t = 4.12, P < 0.01). Conclusion: RDH10 knockdown might inhibit metastasis of glioma cells via the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.
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Tian W, Zhu W, Jiang J. miR-150-5p suppresses the stem cell-like characteristics of glioma cells by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1156-1167. [PMID: 32009256 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common brain tumor malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Emerging evidence suggests that cancer stem cells are the key culprit in the development of cancer. MicroRNAs have been reported to be dysregulated in many cancers, while the mechanism underlying miR-150-5p in glioma progression and proportion of stem cells is unclear. The expression levels of miR-150-5p and catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1, which encodes β-catenin) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The expression levels of downstream genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and stem cell markers were detected by qRT-PCR. Tumorigenesis was investigated by cell viability, colony formation, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. The interaction between miR-150-5p and β-catenin was explored via bioinformatics analysis and luciferase activity assay. We found that miR-150-5p was downregulated in glioma and its overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth. Moreover, miR-150-5p directly suppressed CTNNB1 and negatively regulated the abundances of downstream genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and stem cell markers. Furthermore, miR-150-5p expression was decreased and β-catenin level was enhanced in CD133+ glioma stem cells. Knockdown of miR-150-5p contributed to CD133- cells with stem cell-like phenotype, whereas overexpression of miR-150-5p suppressed CD133+ glioma stem cell-like characteristics. In conclusion, miR-150-5p inhibited the progression of glioma by controlling stem cell-like characteristics via regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, providing a novel target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Laiyang Central Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Area Command, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Jingchao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Laiyang Central Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, China
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44
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Da-Costa RC, Vieira IL, Hunger A, Tamura RE, Strauss BE. p19Arf sensitizes B16 melanoma cells to interferon-β delivered via mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e8876. [PMID: 32077463 PMCID: PMC7025448 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The immune stimulatory and anti-neoplastic functions of type I interferon have long been applied for the treatment of melanoma. However, the systemic application of high levels of this recombinant protein is often met with toxicity. An approach that provides localized, yet transient, production of type I interferon may overcome this limitation. We propose that the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as delivery vehicles for the production of interferon-β (IFNβ) may be beneficial when applied together with our cancer gene therapy approach. In our previous studies, we have shown that adenovirus-mediated gene therapy with IFNβ was especially effective in combination with p19Arf gene transfer, resulting in immunogenic cell death. Here we showed that MSCs derived from mouse adipose tissue were susceptible to transduction with adenovirus, expressed the transgene reliably, and yet were not especially sensitive to IFNβ production. MSCs used to produce IFNβ inhibited B16 mouse melanoma cells in a co-culture assay. Moreover, the presence of p19Arf in the B16 cells sensitizes them to the IFNβ produced by the MSCs. These data represent a critical demonstration of the use of MSCs as carriers of adenovirus encoding IFNβ and applied as an anti-cancer strategy in combination with p19Arf gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Da-Costa
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - I L Vieira
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A Hunger
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Biotecnologia Unidade 1, Cristália Produtos Químicos Farmacêuticos, Itapira, SP, Brasil
| | - R E Tamura
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brasil
| | - B E Strauss
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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45
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Lah TT, Novak M, Breznik B. Brain malignancies: Glioblastoma and brain metastases. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:262-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Sabir F, Ismail R, Csoka I. Nose-to-brain delivery of antiglioblastoma drugs embedded into lipid nanocarrier systems: status quo and outlook. Drug Discov Today 2019; 25:185-194. [PMID: 31629966 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most devastating and deadly types of tumor. Among all the present treatment strategies, the utmost prerequisite is prolonged intervention at the malignant site. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the bottleneck in the delivery of anti-GBM drugs and invasive treatment comes with many pitfalls. This review will discuss the potential of embedding antitumor drugs into nanocarriers for intranasal delivery. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of applying quality by design (QbD) methodology from the early development stages to ensure the high quality, safety and efficacy of the developed carrier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhara Sabir
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Ruba Ismail
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Ildiko Csoka
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.
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47
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Cold Atmospheric Plasma as an Adjunct to Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme. World Neurosurg 2019; 130:369-376. [PMID: 31284051 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer in adults. GBM carries a dismal prognosis because of its proliferative, invasive, and angiogenic capabilities and because of its ability to downregulate the immune system. Immune-based therapies under investigation for GBM have been unsuccessful in vivo because of this downregulation. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a high-energy state of matter that can be applied directly or indirectly to tumor tissue to serve as an adjunct to immunotherapy in the treatment of GBM because it upregulates the immune system by the induction of reactive oxygen species. CAP has the potential to improve the efficacy of existing and investigative immunotherapies for GBM.
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48
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Krause M, Phan TG, Ma H, Sobey CG, Lim R. Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke: Are We There Yet? Front Neurol 2019; 10:656. [PMID: 31293500 PMCID: PMC6603096 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and physical disability, with a global lifetime incidence rate of 1 in 6. Currently, the only FDA approved treatment for ischemic stroke is the administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Stem cell clinical trials for stroke have been underway for close to two decades, with data suggesting that cell therapies are safe, feasible, and potentially efficacious. However, clinical trials for stroke account for <1% of all stem cell trials. Nevertheless, the resources devoted to clinical research to identify new treatments for stroke is still significant (53–64 million US$, Phase 1–4). Notably, a quarter of cell therapy clinical trials for stroke have been withdrawn (15.2%) or terminated (6.8%) to date. This review discusses the bottlenecks in delivering a successful cell therapy for stroke, and the cost-to-benefit ratio necessary to justify these expensive trials. Further, this review will critically assess the currently available data from completed stroke trials, the importance of standardization in outcome reporting, and the role of industry-led research in the development of cell therapies for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Krause
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thanh G Phan
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Henry Ma
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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49
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Huo JF, Chen XB. Knockdown of TMPRSS3 inhibits cell proliferation, migration/invasion and induces apoptosis of glioma cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7794-7801. [PMID: 30443974 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane protease serine 3 (TMPRSS3) is a member of type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSP) family, which play important roles in the development and progression of various cancers. However, the role of TMPRSS3 in glioma remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the expression patterns of TMPRSS3 in clinical tumor samples and glioma cell lines. The results showed that TMPRSS3 was highly expressed in both human glioma tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of TMPRSS3 in glioma cells by transfection with small interfering RNA targeting TMPRSS3 (si-TMPRSS3) significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration/invasion. Moreover, knockdown of TMPRSS3 markedly elevated the apoptotic rate of glioma cells. Si-TMPRSS3 transfection also resulted in a remarkable increase in bax expression and a notable decrease in bcl-2 expression in glioma cells. Furthermore, TMPRSS3 knockdown markedly suppressed the expressions of Notch1 and Hes1. The results indicated that knockdown of TMPRSS3 exhibited antiglioma effect, which is associated with the inactivation of the Notch signaling pathway. These findings suggested that TMPRSS3 might be used as a therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Huo
- Second Ward, Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Chen
- Second Ward, Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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50
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Sherman LS, Romagano MP, Williams SF, Rameshwar P. Mesenchymal stem cell therapies in brain disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 95:111-119. [PMID: 30922957 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As treatments for diseases throughout the body progress, treatment for many brain diseases has been at a standstill due to difficulties in drug delivery. While new drugs are being discovered in vitro, these therapies are often hindered by inefficient tissue distribution and, more commonly, an inability to cross the blood brain barrier. Mesenchymal stem cells are thus being investigated as a delivery tool to directly target therapies to the brain to treat wide array of brain diseases. This review discusses the use of mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxic disease (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy), an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease (multiple sclerosis), and a malignant condition (glioma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Sherman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA; School of Graduate Studies, Biomedical Sciences Programs - Newark, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Matthew P Romagano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Shauna F Williams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA.
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