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Rinauro DJ, Chiti F, Vendruscolo M, Limbocker R. Misfolded protein oligomers: mechanisms of formation, cytotoxic effects, and pharmacological approaches against protein misfolding diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38378578 PMCID: PMC10877934 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The conversion of native peptides and proteins into amyloid aggregates is a hallmark of over 50 human disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Increasing evidence implicates misfolded protein oligomers produced during the amyloid formation process as the primary cytotoxic agents in many of these devastating conditions. In this review, we analyze the processes by which oligomers are formed, their structures, physicochemical properties, population dynamics, and the mechanisms of their cytotoxicity. We then focus on drug discovery strategies that target the formation of oligomers and their ability to disrupt cell physiology and trigger degenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon J Rinauro
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Vendruscolo
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Ryan Limbocker
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, 10996, USA.
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2
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Celauro L, Zattoni M, Legname G. Prion receptors, prion internalization, intra- and inter-cellular transport. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 196:15-41. [PMID: 36813357 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Celauro
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Zattoni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.
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3
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Transport of Prions in the Peripheral Nervous System: Pathways, Cell Types, and Mechanisms. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030630. [PMID: 35337037 PMCID: PMC8954800 DOI: 10.3390/v14030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are transmissible protein misfolding disorders that occur in animals and humans where the endogenous prion protein, PrPC, undergoes a conformational change into self-templating aggregates termed PrPSc. Formation of PrPSc in the central nervous system (CNS) leads to gliosis, spongiosis, and cellular dysfunction that ultimately results in the death of the host. The spread of prions from peripheral inoculation sites to CNS structures occurs through neuroanatomical networks. While it has been established that endogenous PrPC is necessary for prion formation, and that the rate of prion spread is consistent with slow axonal transport, the mechanistic details of PrPSc transport remain elusive. Current research endeavors are primarily focused on the cellular mechanisms of prion transport associated with axons. This includes elucidating specific cell types involved, subcellular machinery, and potential cofactors present during this process.
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Shoup D, Priola SA. Cell biology of prion strains in vivo and in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 392:269-283. [PMID: 35107622 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The properties of infectious prions and the pathology of the diseases they cause are dependent upon the unique conformation of each prion strain. How the pathology of prion disease correlates with different strains and genetic backgrounds has been investigated via in vivo assays, but how interactions between specific prion strains and cell types contribute to the pathology of prion disease has been dissected more effectively using in vitro cell lines. Observations made through in vivo and in vitro assays have informed each other with regard to not only how genetic variation influences prion properties, but also how infectious prions are taken up by cells, modified by cellular processes and propagated, and the cellular components they rely on for persistent infection. These studies suggest that persistent cellular infection results from a balance between prion propagation and degradation. This balance may be shifted depending upon how different cell lines process infectious prions, potentially altering prion stability, and how fast they can be transported to the lysosome. Thus, in vitro studies have given us a deeper understanding of the interactions between different prions and cell types and how they may influence prion disease phenotypes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shoup
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Suzette A Priola
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA.
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5
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Gadhe L, Sakunthala A, Mukherjee S, Gahlot N, Bera R, Sawner AS, Kadu P, Maji SK. Intermediates of α-synuclein aggregation: Implications in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Biophys Chem 2021; 281:106736. [PMID: 34923391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic deposition of aberrantly misfolded α-synuclein (α-Syn) is a common feature of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the precise pathogenic mechanism of α-Syn in synucleinopathies remains elusive. Emerging evidence has suggested that α-Syn may contribute to PD pathogenesis in several ways; wherein the contribution of fibrillar species, for exerting toxicity and disease transmission, cannot be neglected. Further, the oligomeric species could be the most plausible neurotoxic species causing neuronal cell death. However, understanding the structural and molecular insights of these oligomers are very challenging due to the heterogeneity and transient nature of the species. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in understanding the formation and role of α-Syn oligomers in PD pathogenesis. We also summarize the different types of α-Syn oligomeric species and potential mechanisms to exert neurotoxicity. Finally, we address the possible ways to target α-Syn as a promising approach against PD and the possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmikant Gadhe
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Arunima Sakunthala
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Semanti Mukherjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nitisha Gahlot
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Riya Bera
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ajay Singh Sawner
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Pradeep Kadu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Moreira R, Mendonça LS, Pereira de Almeida L. Extracellular Vesicles Physiological Role and the Particular Case of Disease-Spreading Mechanisms in Polyglutamine Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212288. [PMID: 34830171 PMCID: PMC8621536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research demonstrated pathological spreading of the disease-causing proteins from one focal point across other brain regions for some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Spreading mediated by extracellular vesicles is one of the proposed disease-spreading mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles are cell membrane-derived vesicles, used by cells for cell-to-cell communication and excretion of toxic components. Importantly, extracellular vesicles carrying pathological molecules, when internalized by "healthy" cells, may trigger pathological pathways and, consequently, promote disease spreading to neighboring cells. Polyglutamine diseases are a group of genetic neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of mutant misfolded proteins carrying an expanded tract of glutamines, including Huntington's and Machado-Joseph disease. The pathological spread of the misfolded proteins or the corresponding mutant mRNA has been explored. The understanding of the disease-spreading mechanism that plays a key role in the pathology progression of these diseases can result in the development of effective therapeutic approaches to stop disease progression, arresting the spread of the toxic components and disease aggravation. Therefore, the present review's main focus is the disease-spreading mechanisms with emphasis on polyglutamine diseases and the putative role played by extracellular vesicles in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Moreira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana S. Mendonça
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.S.M.); (L.P.d.A.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (L.S.M.)
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.S.M.); (L.P.d.A.); Tel.: +351-239-820-190 (L.S.M.)
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7
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Carta M, Aguzzi A. Molecular foundations of prion strain diversity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 72:22-31. [PMID: 34416480 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite being caused by a single protein, prion diseases are strikingly heterogenous. Individual prion variants, known as strains, possess distinct biochemical properties, form aggregates with characteristic morphologies and preferentially seed certain brain regions, causing markedly different disease phenotypes. Strain diversity is determined by protein structure, post-translational modifications and the presence of extracellular matrix components, with single amino acid substitutions or altered protein glycosylation exerting dramatic effects. Here, we review recent advances in the study of prion strains and discuss how a deeper knowledge of the molecular origins of strain heterogeneity is providing a foundation for the development of anti-prion therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Carta
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Environmental and host factors that contribute to prion strain evolution. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 142:5-16. [PMID: 33899132 PMCID: PMC8932343 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prions are novel pathogens that are composed entirely of PrPSc, the self-templating conformation of the host prion protein, PrPC. Prion strains are operationally defined as a heritable phenotype of disease that are encoded by strain-specific conformations of PrPSc. The factors that influence the relative distribution of strains in a population are only beginning to be understood. For prions with an infectious etiology, environmental factors, such as strain-specific binding to surfaces and resistance to weathering, can influence which strains are available for transmission to a naïve host. Strain-specific differences in efficiency of infection by natural routes of infection can also select for prion strains. The host amino acid sequence of PrPC has the greatest effect on dictating the repertoire of prion strains. The relative abundance of PrPC, post-translational modifications of PrPC and cellular co-factors involved in prion conversion can also provide conditions that favor the prevalence of a subset of prion strains. Additionally, prion strains can interfere with each other, influencing the emergence of a dominant strain. Overall, both environmental and host factors may influence the repertoire and distribution of strains within a population.
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9
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Shoup D, Priola SA. The Size and Stability of Infectious Prion Aggregates Fluctuate Dynamically during Cellular Uptake and Disaggregation. Biochemistry 2021; 60:398-411. [PMID: 33497187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases arise when PrPSc, an aggregated, infectious, and insoluble conformer of the normally soluble mammalian prion protein, PrPC, catalyzes the conversion of PrPC into more PrPSc, which then accumulates in the brain leading to disease. PrPSc is the primary, if not sole, component of the infectious prion. Despite the stability and protease insensitivity of PrPSc aggregates, they can be degraded after cellular uptake. However, how cells disassemble and degrade PrPSc is poorly understood. In this work, we analyzed how the protease sensitivity and size distribution of PrPSc aggregates from two different mouse-adapted prion strains, 22L, that can persistently infect cells and 87V, that cannot, changed during cellular uptake. We show that within the first 4 h following uptake large PrPSc aggregates from both prion strains become less resistant to digestion by proteinase K (PK) through a mechanism that is dependent upon the acidic environment of endocytic vesicles. We further show that during disassembly, PrPSc aggregates from both strains become more resistant to PK digestion through the apparent removal of protease-sensitive PrPSc, with PrPSc from the 87V strain disassembled more readily than PrPSc from the 22L strain. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the sizes and stabilities of PrPSc from different prion strains change during cellular uptake and degradation, thereby potentially impacting the ability of prions to infect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shoup
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
| | - Suzette A Priola
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
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10
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Sevillano AM, Aguilar-Calvo P, Kurt TD, Lawrence JA, Soldau K, Nam TH, Schumann T, Pizzo DP, Nyström S, Choudhury B, Altmeppen H, Esko JD, Glatzel M, Nilsson KPR, Sigurdson CJ. Prion protein glycans reduce intracerebral fibril formation and spongiosis in prion disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1350-1362. [PMID: 31985492 DOI: 10.1172/jci131564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are common among proteins that aggregate in neurodegenerative disease, yet how PTMs impact the aggregate conformation and disease progression remains unclear. By engineering knockin mice expressing prion protein (PrP) lacking 2 N-linked glycans (Prnp180Q/196Q), we provide evidence that glycans reduce spongiform degeneration and hinder plaque formation in prion disease. Prnp180Q/196Q mice challenged with 2 subfibrillar, non-plaque-forming prion strains instead developed plaques highly enriched in ADAM10-cleaved PrP and heparan sulfate (HS). Intriguingly, a third strain composed of intact, glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) PrP was relatively unchanged, forming diffuse, HS-deficient deposits in both the Prnp180Q/196Q and WT mice, underscoring the pivotal role of the GPI-anchor in driving the aggregate conformation and disease phenotype. Finally, knockin mice expressing triglycosylated PrP (Prnp187N) challenged with a plaque-forming prion strain showed a phenotype reversal, with a striking disease acceleration and switch from plaques to predominantly diffuse, subfibrillar deposits. Our findings suggest that the dominance of subfibrillar aggregates in prion disease is due to the replication of GPI-anchored prions, with fibrillar plaques forming from poorly glycosylated, GPI-anchorless prions that interact with extracellular HS. These studies provide insight into how PTMs impact PrP interactions with polyanionic cofactors, and highlight PTMs as a major force driving the prion disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy D Kurt
- Department of Pathology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Katrin Soldau
- Department of Pathology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Thu H Nam
- Department of Pathology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Donald P Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sofie Nyström
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hermann Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Peter R Nilsson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christina J Sigurdson
- Department of Pathology, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, UCD, Davis, California, USA
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Béringue V, Tixador P, Andréoletti O, Reine F, Castille J, Laï TL, Le Dur A, Laisné A, Herzog L, Passet B, Rezaei H, Vilotte JL, Laude H. Host prion protein expression levels impact prion tropism for the spleen. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008283. [PMID: 32702070 PMCID: PMC7402522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions are pathogens formed from abnormal conformers (PrPSc) of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC). PrPSc conformation to disease phenotype relationships extensively vary among prion strains. In particular, prions exhibit a strain-dependent tropism for lymphoid tissues. Prions can be composed of several substrain components. There is evidence that these substrains can propagate in distinct tissues (e.g. brain and spleen) of a single individual, providing an experimental paradigm to study the cause of prion tissue selectivity. Previously, we showed that PrPC expression levels feature in prion substrain selection in the brain. Transmission of sheep scrapie isolates (termed LAN) to multiple lines of transgenic mice expressing varying levels of ovine PrPC in their brains resulted in the phenotypic expression of the dominant sheep substrain in mice expressing near physiological PrPC levels, whereas a minor substrain replicated preferentially on high expresser mice. Considering that PrPC expression levels are markedly decreased in the spleen compared to the brain, we interrogate whether spleen PrPC dosage could drive prion selectivity. The outcome of the transmission of a large cohort of LAN isolates in the spleen from high expresser mice correlated with the replication rate dependency on PrPC amount. There was a prominent spleen colonization by the substrain preferentially replicating on low expresser mice and a relative incapacity of the substrain with higher-PrPC level need to propagate in the spleen. Early colonization of the spleen after intraperitoneal inoculation allowed neuropathological expression of the lymphoid substrain. In addition, a pair of substrain variants resulting from the adaptation of human prions to ovine high expresser mice, and exhibiting differing brain versus spleen tropism, showed different tropism on transmission to low expresser mice, with the lymphoid substrain colonizing the brain. Overall, these data suggest that PrPC expression levels are instrumental in prion lymphotropism. The cause of prion phenotype variation among prion strains remains poorly understood. In particular, prions replicate in a strain-dependent manner in the spleen. This can result in prion asymptomatic carriers. Based on our previous observations that dosage of the prion precursor (PrP) determined prion substrain selection in the brain, we examine whether PrP levels in the spleen could drive prion replication in this tissue, due to the low levels of the protein. We observe that the prion substrain with higher PrP need for replication does barely replicate in the spleen, while the component with low PrP need replicates efficiently. In addition, other human co-propagating prions with differing spleen and brain tropism showed different tropism on transmission to mice expressing low PrP levels, with the lymphoid substrain colonizing the brain. PrPC expression levels may thus be instrumental in prion tropism for the lymphoid tissue. From a diagnostic point of view, given the apparent complexity of prion diseases with respect to prion substrain composition, these data advocate to type extraneural tissues or fluids for a comprehensive identification of the circulating prions in susceptible mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Béringue
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Fabienne Reine
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johan Castille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Thanh-Lan Laï
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Annick Le Dur
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aude Laisné
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laetitia Herzog
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bruno Passet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Human Rezaei
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Hubert Laude
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM Jouy-en-Josas, France
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12
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Tittelmeier J, Sandhof CA, Ries HM, Druffel-Augustin S, Mogk A, Bukau B, Nussbaum-Krammer C. The HSP110/HSP70 disaggregation system generates spreading-competent toxic α-synuclein species. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103954. [PMID: 32449565 PMCID: PMC7327497 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation and prion-like propagation of α-synuclein and other amyloidogenic proteins are associated with devastating neurodegenerative diseases. Metazoan heat shock protein HSP70 and its co-chaperones DNAJB1 and HSP110 constitute a disaggregation machinery that is able to disassemble α-synuclein fibrils in vitro, but its physiological effects on α-synuclein toxicity are unknown. Here, we depleted Caenorhabditis elegans HSP-110 and monitored the consequences on α-synuclein-related pathological phenotypes such as misfolding, intercellular spreading, and toxicity in C. elegans in vivo models. Depletion of HSP-110 impaired HSP70 disaggregation activity, prevented resolubilization of amorphous aggregates, and compromised the overall cellular folding capacity. At the same time, HSP-110 depletion reduced α-synuclein foci formation, cell-to-cell transmission, and toxicity. These data demonstrate that the HSP70 disaggregation activity constitutes a double-edged sword, as it is essential for maintaining cellular proteostasis but also involved in the generation of toxic amyloid-type protein species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tittelmeier
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carl Alexander Sandhof
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heidrun Maja Ries
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silke Druffel-Augustin
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Mogk
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Bukau
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Nussbaum-Krammer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Igel-Egalon A, Laferrière F, Tixador P, Moudjou M, Herzog L, Reine F, Torres JM, Laude H, Rezaei H, Béringue V. Crossing Species Barriers Relies on Structurally Distinct Prion Assemblies and Their Complementation. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2572-2587. [PMID: 32239450 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Prion replication results from the autocatalytic templated assisted conversion of the host-encoded prion protein PrPC into misfolded, polydisperse PrPSc conformers. Structurally distinct PrPSc conformers can give rise to multiple prion strains. Within and between prion strains, the biological activity (replicative efficacy and specific infectivity) of PrPSc assemblies is size dependent and thus reflects an intrinsic structural heterogeneity. The contribution of such PrPSc heterogeneity across species prion adaptation, which is believed to be based on fit adjustment between PrPSc template(s) and host PrPC, has not been explored. To define the structural-to-fitness PrPSc landscape, we measured the relative capacity of size-fractionated PrPSc assemblies from different prion strains to cross mounting species barriers in transgenic mice expressing foreign PrPC. In the absence of a transmission barrier, the relative efficacy of the isolated PrPSc assemblies to induce the disease is like the efficacy observed in the homotypic context. However, in the presence of a transmission barrier, size fractionation overtly delays and even abrogates prion pathogenesis in both the brain and spleen tissues, independently of the infectivity load of the isolated assemblies. Altering by serial dilution PrPSc assembly content of non-fractionated inocula aberrantly reduces their specific infectivity, solely in the presence of a transmission barrier. This suggests that synergy between structurally distinct PrPSc assemblies in the inoculum is requested for crossing the species barrier. Our data support a mechanism whereby overcoming prion species barrier requires complementation between structurally distinct PrPSc assemblies. This work provides key insight into the "quasispecies" concept applied to prions, which would not necessarily rely on prion substrains as constituent but on structural PrPSc heterogeneity within prion population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Laferrière
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS UMR5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Tixador
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mohammed Moudjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laetitia Herzog
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fabienne Reine
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Juan Maria Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hubert Laude
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Human Rezaei
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Vincent Béringue
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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14
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Bartz JC. Underglycosylated prion protein modulates plaque formation in the brain. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1087-1089. [PMID: 31985491 PMCID: PMC7269559 DOI: 10.1172/jci134842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prion agent is unique in biology and is comprised of prion protein scrapie (PrPSc), a self-templating conformational variant of the host encoded prion protein cellular (PrPC). The deposition patterns of PrPSc in the CNS can vary considerably from a diffuse synaptic pattern to large plaque-like aggregates. Alterations of PrPC posttranslational processing can change PrPSc deposition patterns; however, the mechanism underlying these observations is unclear. In this issue of the JCI, Sevillano and authors determined that parenchymal PrPSc plaques of the mouse brain preferentially incorporated underglycosylated PrPC that had been liberated from the cell surface by the metalloproteinase, ADAM-10, in combination with heparan sulfate. These results provide mechanistic insight into the formation of PrPSc plaques and suggest that PrP posttranslational modifications direct pathogenicity as well as the rate of disease progression.
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15
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Shortening heparan sulfate chains prolongs survival and reduces parenchymal plaques in prion disease caused by mobile, ADAM10-cleaved prions. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:527-546. [PMID: 31673874 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cofactors are essential for driving recombinant prion protein into pathogenic conformers. Polyanions promote prion aggregation in vitro, yet the cofactors that modulate prion assembly in vivo remain largely unknown. Here we report that the endogenous glycosaminoglycan, heparan sulfate (HS), impacts prion propagation kinetics and deposition sites in the brain. Exostosin-1 haploinsufficient (Ext1+/-) mice, which produce short HS chains, show a prolonged survival and a redistribution of plaques from the parenchyma to vessels when infected with fibrillar prions, and a modest delay when infected with subfibrillar prions. Notably, the fibrillar, plaque-forming prions are composed of ADAM10-cleaved prion protein lacking a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, indicating that these prions are mobile and assemble extracellularly. By analyzing the prion-bound HS using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we identified the disaccharide signature of HS differentially bound to fibrillar compared to subfibrillar prions, and found approximately 20-fold more HS bound to the fibrils. Finally, LC-MS of prion-bound HS from human patients with familial and sporadic prion disease also showed distinct HS signatures and higher HS levels associated with fibrillar prions. This study provides the first in vivo evidence of an endogenous cofactor that accelerates prion disease progression and enhances parenchymal deposition of ADAM10-cleaved, mobile prions.
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16
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Igel-Egalon A, Laferrière F, Moudjou M, Bohl J, Mezache M, Knäpple T, Herzog L, Reine F, Jas-Duval C, Doumic M, Rezaei H, Béringue V. Early stage prion assembly involves two subpopulations with different quaternary structures and a secondary templating pathway. Commun Biol 2019; 2:363. [PMID: 31602412 PMCID: PMC6778151 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of aggregation and structural diversification of misfolded, host-encoded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases are poorly understood. In many of these disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and prion diseases, the misfolded proteins are self-organized into conformationally distinct assemblies or strains. The existence of intrastrain structural heterogeneity is increasingly recognized. However, the underlying processes of emergence and coevolution of structurally distinct assemblies are not mechanistically understood. Here, we show that early prion replication generates two subsets of structurally different assemblies by two sequential processes of formation, regardless of the strain considered. The first process corresponds to a quaternary structural convergence, by reducing the parental strain polydispersity to generate small oligomers. The second process transforms these oligomers into larger ones, by a secondary autocatalytic templating pathway requiring the prion protein. This pathway provides mechanistic insights into prion structural diversification, a key determinant for prion adaptation and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Laferrière
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Present Address: Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, CNRS UMR5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jan Bohl
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- LCP, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Mathieu Mezache
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- INRIA, MAMBA, Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tina Knäpple
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laetitia Herzog
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fabienne Reine
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christelle Jas-Duval
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, EFS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Doumic
- INRIA, MAMBA, Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Human Rezaei
- VIM, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Heterogeneity and Architecture of Pathological Prion Protein Assemblies: Time to Revisit the Molecular Basis of the Prion Replication Process? Viruses 2019; 11:v11050429. [PMID: 31083283 PMCID: PMC6563208 DOI: 10.3390/v11050429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prions are proteinaceous infectious agents responsible for a range of neurodegenerative diseases in animals and humans. Prion particles are assemblies formed from a misfolded, β-sheet rich, aggregation-prone isoform (PrPSc) of the host-encoded cellular prion protein (PrPC). Prions replicate by recruiting and converting PrPC into PrPSc, by an autocatalytic process. PrPSc is a pleiomorphic protein as different conformations can dictate different disease phenotypes in the same host species. This is the basis of the strain phenomenon in prion diseases. Recent experimental evidence suggests further structural heterogeneity in PrPSc assemblies within specific prion populations and strains. Still, this diversity is rather seen as a size continuum of assemblies with the same core structure, while analysis of the available experimental data points to the existence of structurally distinct arrangements. The atomic structure of PrPSc has not been elucidated so far, making the prion replication process difficult to understand. All currently available models suggest that PrPSc assemblies exhibit a PrPSc subunit as core constituent, which was recently identified. This review summarizes our current knowledge on prion assembly heterogeneity down to the subunit level and will discuss its importance with regard to the current molecular principles of the prion replication process.
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18
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Vorberg IM. All the Same? The Secret Life of Prion Strains within Their Target Cells. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040334. [PMID: 30970585 DOI: 10.3390/v11040334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prions are infectious β-sheet-rich protein aggregates composed of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) that do not possess coding nucleic acid. Prions replicate by recruiting and converting normal cellular PrPC into infectious isoforms. In the same host species, prion strains target distinct brain regions and cause different disease phenotypes. Prion strains are associated with biophysically distinct PrPSc conformers, suggesting that strain properties are enciphered within alternative PrPSc quaternary structures. So far it is unknown how prion strains target specific cells and initiate productive infections. Deeper mechanistic insight into the prion life cycle came from cell lines permissive to a range of different prion strains. Still, it is unknown why certain cell lines are refractory to infection by one strain but permissive to another. While pharmacologic and genetic manipulations revealed subcellular compartments involved in prion replication, little is known about strain-specific requirements for endocytic trafficking pathways. This review summarizes our knowledge on how prions replicate within their target cells and on strain-specific differences in prion cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina M Vorberg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE e.V.), Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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19
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Aguilar‐Calvo P, Bett C, Sevillano AM, Kurt TD, Lawrence J, Soldau K, Hammarström P, Nilsson KPR, Sigurdson CJ. Generation of novel neuroinvasive prions following intravenous challenge. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:999-1011. [PMID: 29505163 PMCID: PMC6123309 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prions typically spread into the central nervous system (CNS), likely via peripheral nerves. Yet prion conformers differ in their capacity to penetrate the CNS; certain fibrillar prions replicate persistently in lymphoid tissues with no CNS entry, leading to chronic silent carriers. Subclinical carriers of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) prions in the United Kingdom have been estimated at 1:2000, and vCJD prions have been transmitted through blood transfusion, however, the circulating prion conformers that neuroinvade remain unclear. Here we investigate how prion conformation impacts brain entry of transfused prions by challenging mice intravenously to subfibrillar and fibrillar strains. We show that most strains infiltrated the brain and caused terminal disease, however, the fibrillar prions showed reduced CNS entry in a strain-dependent manner. Strikingly, the highly fibrillar mCWD prion strain replicated in the spleen and emerged in the brain as a novel strain, indicating that a new neuroinvasive prion had been generated from a previously non-neuroinvasive strain. The new strain showed altered plaque morphology, brain regions targeted and biochemical properties and these properties were maintained upon intracerebral passage. Intracerebral passage of prion-infected spleen re-created the new strain. Splenic prions resembled the new strain biochemically and intracerebral passage of prion-infected spleen re-created the new strain, collectively suggesting splenic prion replication as a potential source. Taken together, these results indicate that intravenous exposure to prion-contaminated blood or blood products may generate novel neuroinvasive prion conformers and disease phenotypes, potentially arising from prion replication in non-neural tissues or from conformer selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyrus Bett
- Departments of Pathology and MedicineUC San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | | | | | - Katrin Soldau
- Departments of Pathology and MedicineUC San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Per Hammarström
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and BiologyLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - K. Peter R. Nilsson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and BiologyLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden
| | - Christina J. Sigurdson
- Departments of Pathology and MedicineUC San DiegoLa JollaCA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUC DavisDavisCA
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20
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Sigurdson CJ, Bartz JC, Glatzel M. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Prion Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2018; 14:497-516. [PMID: 30355150 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-013109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are rapidly progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disorders caused by misfolded, aggregated proteins known as prions, which are uniquely infectious. Remarkably, these infectious proteins have been responsible for widespread disease epidemics, including kuru in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle, and chronic wasting disease in cervids, the latter of which has spread across North America and recently appeared in Norway and Finland. The hallmark histopathological features include widespread spongiform encephalopathy, neuronal loss, gliosis, and deposits of variably sized aggregated prion protein, ranging from small, soluble oligomers to long, thin, unbranched fibrils, depending on the disease. Here, we explore recent advances in prion disease research, from the function of the cellular prion protein to the dysfunction triggering neurotoxicity, as well as mechanisms underlying prion spread between cells. We also highlight key findings that have revealed new therapeutic targets and consider unanswered questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina J Sigurdson
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA;
| | - Jason C Bartz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Binyamin O, Keller G, Frid K, Larush L, Magdassi S, Gabizon R. Continues administration of Nano-PSO significantly increased survival of genetic CJD mice. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:140-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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22
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Braak H, Del Tredici K. Anterior Cingulate Cortex TDP-43 Pathology in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 77:74-83. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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23
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Comoy EE, Mikol J, Jaffré N, Lebon V, Levavasseur E, Streichenberger N, Sumian C, Perret-Liaudet A, Eloit M, Andreoletti O, Haïk S, Hantraye P, Deslys JP. Experimental transfusion of variant CJD-infected blood reveals previously uncharacterised prion disorder in mice and macaque. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1268. [PMID: 29097653 PMCID: PMC5668246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of human populations to bovine spongiform encephalopathy through contaminated food has resulted in <250 cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). However, more than 99% of vCJD infections could have remained silent suggesting a long-term risk of secondary transmission particularly through blood. Here, we present experimental evidence that transfusion in mice and non-human primates of blood products from symptomatic and non-symptomatic infected donors induces not only vCJD, but also a different class of neurological impairments. These impairments can all be retransmitted to mice with a pathognomonic accumulation of abnormal prion protein, thus expanding the spectrum of known prion diseases. Our findings suggest that the intravenous route promotes propagation of masked prion variants according to different mechanisms involved in peripheral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel E Comoy
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Jacqueline Mikol
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nina Jaffré
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- MacoPharma, 200 Chaussée Fernand Forest, 59200, Tourcoing, France
| | - Vincent Lebon
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Etienne Levavasseur
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR-S 1127, CNRS UMR 722, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Streichenberger
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyogène CNRS UMR 5310-INSERM U1217, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Chryslain Sumian
- MacoPharma, 200 Chaussée Fernand Forest, 59200, Tourcoing, France
| | - Armand Perret-Liaudet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut NeuroMyogène CNRS UMR 5310-INSERM U1217, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Marc Eloit
- Institut Pasteur, 15 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Andreoletti
- UMR INRA-ENVT 1225, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Haïk
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR-S 1127, CNRS UMR 722, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, G.H. Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Hantraye
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Deslys
- CEA, Institut François Jacob, Université Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Fehlinger A, Wolf H, Hossinger A, Duernberger Y, Pleschka C, Riemschoss K, Liu S, Bester R, Paulsen L, Priola SA, Groschup MH, Schätzl HM, Vorberg IM. Prion strains depend on different endocytic routes for productive infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6923. [PMID: 28761068 PMCID: PMC5537368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prions are unconventional agents composed of misfolded prion protein that cause fatal neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. Prion strains induce specific neuropathological changes in selected brain areas. The mechanism of strain-specific cell tropism is unknown. We hypothesised that prion strains rely on different endocytic routes to invade and replicate within their target cells. Using prion permissive cells, we determined how impairment of endocytosis affects productive infection by prion strains 22L and RML. We demonstrate that early and late stages of prion infection are differentially sensitive to perturbation of clathrin- and caveolin-mediated endocytosis. Manipulation of canonical endocytic pathways only slightly influenced prion uptake. However, blocking the same routes had drastic strain-specific consequences on the establishment of infection. Our data argue that prion strains use different endocytic pathways for infection and suggest that cell type-dependent differences in prion uptake could contribute to host cell tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fehlinger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hanna Wolf
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - André Hossinger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yvonne Duernberger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Catharina Pleschka
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katrin Riemschoss
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shu Liu
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Romina Bester
- Institut für Virologie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 30, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Lydia Paulsen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Suzette A Priola
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Martin H Groschup
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, 17493, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Hermann M Schätzl
- Dept. of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Ina M Vorberg
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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