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Zhang H, Li L, Wang S, Sun X, Luo C, Hou B. Construction of dentin-on-a-chip based on microfluidic technology and tissue engineering. J Dent 2024; 146:105028. [PMID: 38719135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems perform better in resembling tissue or organism structures compared with traditional 2D models. Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are becoming more efficient 3D models. This study aimed to create a novel simplified dentin-on-a-chip using microfluidic chip technology and tissue engineering for screening dental materials. METHODOLOGY A microfluidic device with three channels was designed for creating 3D dental tissue constructs using stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). The study investigated the effect of varying cell densities and GelMA concentrations on the layer features formed within the microfluidic chip. Cell viability and distribution were evaluated through live/dead staining and nuclei/F-actin staining. The osteo/odontogenic potential was assessed through ALP staining and Alizarin red staining. The impact of GelMA concentrations (5 %, 10 %) on the osteo/odontogenic differentiation trajectory of SCAP was also studied. RESULTS The 3D tissue constructs maintained high viability and favorable spreading within the microfluidic chip for 3-7 days. A cell seeding density of 2 × 104 cells/μL was found to be the most optimal choice, ensuring favorable cell proliferation and even distribution. GelMA concentrations of 5 % and 10 % proved to be most effective for promoting cell growth and uniform distribution. Within the 5 % GelMA group, SCAP demonstrated higher osteo/odontogenic differentiation than that in the 10 % GelMA group. CONCLUSION In 3D culture, GelMA concentration was found to regulate the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SCAP. The study recommends a seeding density of 2 × 104 cells/μL of SCAP within 5 % GelMA for constructing simplified dentin-on-a-chip. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study built up the 3D culture protocol, and induced odontogenic differentiation of SCAP, thus forming the simplified dentin-on-a-chip and paving the way to be used as a well-defined biological model for regenerative endodontics. It may serve as a potential testing platform for cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexuan Zhang
- Center for Microscope Enhanced Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100162, PR China; Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China.
| | - Shujing Wang
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Chunxiong Luo
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China; The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Benxiang Hou
- Center for Microscope Enhanced Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100162, PR China.
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Raja IS, Kim B, Han DW. Nanofibrous Material-Reinforced Printable Ink for Enhanced Cell Proliferation and Tissue Regeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:363. [PMID: 38671784 PMCID: PMC11047974 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) printing of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive components, including growth factors, has gained interest among researchers in the field of tissue engineering (TE) with the aim of developing many scaffolds to sustain size, shape fidelity, and structure and retain viable cells inside a network. The biocompatible hydrogel employed in 3D printing should be soft enough to accommodate cell survival. At the same time, the gel should be mechanically strong to avoid the leakage of cells into the surrounding medium. Considering these basic criteria, researchers have developed nanocomposite-based printable inks with suitable mechanical and electroconductive properties. These nanomaterials, including carbon family nanomaterials, transition metal dichalcogenides, and polymeric nanoparticles, act as nanofillers and dissipate stress across polymeric networks through their electroactive interactions. Nanofiber-reinforced printable ink is one kind of nanocomposite-based ink that comprises dispersed nanofiber components in a hydrogel matrix. In this current review, we compile various TE applications of nanofiber-reinforced printable ink and describe the 3D-printing parameters, classification, and impact of cross-linkage. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bongju Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Institute of Nano-Bio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Lay SH, Margono A, Bagio DA, Julianto I. Viability of human dental pulp stem cells: The potential of L-arginine-based culture media. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:306-310. [PMID: 38107459 PMCID: PMC10723171 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_719_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is built by proteins that have various roles in the biological process of pulp, such as structural protein, regulation protein, and catalytic protein. L-arginine, an amino acid and one of the building blocks of proteins, regulates pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, L-arginine-based culture has potential to promote dental pulp regeneration. This study aimed to investigate the potential of L-arginine-based culture in improving the viability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). We evaluated the viability of hDPSCs in culture media supplemented with different concentrations of L-arginine amino acid (250, 300, 350, and 400 µmol/L) and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium plus fetal bovine serum 10% (control) using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay after 24-h incubation time. Statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way analysis of variance and post hoc least significant difference test. In qualitative analysis, the 4´, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining method was used. The evaluation has shown a significant result when 250, 300, and 350 μmol/L concentration of L-arginine amino acid culture media compared with control, and 400 μmol/L has the best result and was not significantly different with control toward viability of hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy Henry Lay
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Margono
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dini Asrianti Bagio
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indah Julianto
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
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Al Turkestani N, Zhang Z, Nör JE. Semaphorin 4D Induces Vasculogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:160. [PMID: 37504226 PMCID: PMC10378119 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D) signaling through Plexin B1 on the vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. We assessed the protein expression of SEMA4D and Plexin B1 in dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) from permanent human teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth using Western blots. Their expression in human dental pulp tissues and DPSC-engineered dental pulps was determined using immunofluorescence. We then exposed dental pulp stem cells to recombinant human SEMA4D (rhSEMA4D), evaluated the expression of endothelial cell differentiation markers, and assessed the vasculogenic potential of rhSEMA4D using an in vitro sprouting assay. Lastly, Plexin B1 was silenced to ascertain its role in SEMA4D-mediated vasculogenic differentiation. We found that SEMA4D and Plexin B1 are expressed in DPSC, SHED, and human dental pulp tissues. rhSEMA4D (25-100 ng/mL) induced the expression of endothelial markers, i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2, cluster of differentiation (CD)-31, and tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains (Tie)-2, in dental pulp stem cells and promoted capillary-like sprouting in vitro (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Plexin B1 silencing abrogated the vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and significantly inhibited capillary sprouting upon exposure to rhSEMA4D. Collectively, these data provide evidence that SEMA4D induces vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through Plexin B1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Al Turkestani
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jacques Eduardo Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Cai H, Xu X, Lu X, Zhao M, Jia Q, Jiang HB, Kwon JS. Dental Materials Applied to 3D and 4D Printing Technologies: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102405. [PMID: 37242980 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies have matured, three-dimensional (3D) printing materials suitable for dentistry have attracted considerable research interest, owing to their high efficiency and low cost for clinical treatment. Three-dimensional printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing, has developed rapidly over the last forty years, with gradual application in various fields from industry to dental sciences. Four-dimensional (4D) printing, defined as the fabrication of complex spontaneous structures that change over time in response to external stimuli in expected ways, includes the increasingly popular bioprinting. Existing 3D printing materials have varied characteristics and scopes of application; therefore, categorization is required. This review aims to classify, summarize, and discuss dental materials for 3D printing and 4D printing from a clinical perspective. Based on these, this review describes four major materials, i.e., polymers, metals, ceramics, and biomaterials. The manufacturing process of 3D printing and 4D printing materials, their characteristics, applicable printing technologies, and clinical application scope are described in detail. Furthermore, the development of composite materials for 3D printing is the main focus of future research, as combining multiple materials can improve the materials' properties. Updates in material sciences play important roles in dentistry; hence, the emergence of newer materials are expected to promote further innovations in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongXin Cai
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Menghua Zhao
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Qi Jia
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Heng-Bo Jiang
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Rathinam E, Rajasekharan S, Declercq H, Vanhove C, De Coster P, Martens L. Effect of Intracoronal Sealing Biomaterials on the Histological Outcome of Endodontic Revitalisation in Immature Sheep Teeth-A Pilot Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040214. [PMID: 37103304 PMCID: PMC10144940 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the newly formed regenerative tissue after endodontic revitalisation therapy remains unexplored. The objective of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles of two different tricalcium silicate-based biomaterials alongside the histological outcomes of endodontic revitalisation therapy in immature sheep teeth. The messenger RNA expression of TGF-β, BMP2, BGLAP, VEGFA, WNT5A, MMP1, TNF-α and SMAD6 was evaluated after 1 day with qRT-PCR. For evaluation of histological outcomes, revitalisation therapy was performed using Biodentine (n = 4) or ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) (n = 4) in immature sheep according to the European Society of Endodontology position statement. After 6 months' follow-up, one tooth in the Biodentine group was lost to avulsion. Histologically, extent of inflammation, presence or absence of tissue with cellularity and vascularity inside the pulp space, area of tissue with cellularity and vascularity, length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal wall, number and area of blood vessels and area of empty root canal space were measured by two independent investigators. All continuous data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Biodentine and ProRoot WMTA upregulated the genes responsible for odontoblast differentiation, mineralisation and angiogenesis. Biodentine induced the formation of a significantly larger area of neoformed tissue with cellularity, vascularity and increased length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal walls compared to ProRoot WMTA (p < 0.05), but future studies with larger sample size and adequate power as estimated by the results of this pilot study would confirm the effect of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the histological outcome of endodontic revitalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanagai Rathinam
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sivaprakash Rajasekharan
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- Medical Imaging & Signal Processing, Infinity Laboratory, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Coster
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Oral Biology, Dental School, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Martens
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Tiozzo-Lyon P, Andrade M, Leiva-Sabadini C, Morales J, Olivares A, Ravasio A, Aguayo S. Microfabrication approaches for oral research and clinical dentistry. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2023.1120394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a variety of laboratory tools and strategies that have been developed to investigate in-vivo processes using in-vitro models. Amongst these, microfabrication represents a disruptive technology that is currently enabling next-generation biomedical research through the development of complex laboratory approaches (e.g., microfluidics), engineering of micrometer scale sensors and actuators (micropillars for traction force microscopy), and the creation of environments mimicking cell, tissue, and organ-specific contexts. Although microfabrication has been around for some time, its application in dental and oral research is still incipient. Nevertheless, in recent years multiple lines of research have emerged that use microfabrication-based approaches for the study of oral diseases and conditions with micro- and nano-scale sensitivities. Furthermore, many investigations are aiming to develop clinically relevant microfabrication-based applications for diagnostics, screening, and oral biomaterial manufacturing. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the current application of microfabrication techniques in oral sciences, both in research and clinics, and to discuss possible future applications of these technologies for in-vitro studies and practical patient care. Initially, this review provides an overview of the most employed microfabrication methods utilized in biomedicine and dentistry. Subsequently, the use of micro- and nano-fabrication approaches in relevant fields of dental research such as endodontic and periodontal regeneration, biomaterials research, dental implantology, oral pathology, and biofilms was discussed. Finally, the current and future uses of microfabrication technology for clinical dentistry and how these approaches may soon be widely available in clinics for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of relevant pathologies are presented.
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Hu N, Li W, Jiang W, Wen J, Gu S. Creating a Microenvironment to Give Wings to Dental Pulp Regeneration-Bioactive Scaffolds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010158. [PMID: 36678787 PMCID: PMC9861529 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp and periapical diseases make patients suffer from acute pain and economic loss. Although root canal therapies, as demonstrated through evidence-based medicine, can relieve symptoms and are commonly employed by dentists, it is still difficult to fully restore a dental pulp's nutrition, sensory, and immune-regulation functions. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in tissue engineering to regenerate dental pulp in a desired microenvironment. With breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and material science, bioactive scaffolds play a pivotal role in creating a suitable microenvironment for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, following dental restoration and regeneration. This article focuses on current challenges and novel perspectives about bioactive scaffolds in creating a microenvironment to promote dental pulp regeneration. We hope our readers will gain a deeper understanding and new inspiration of dental pulp regeneration through our summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiping Li
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jin Wen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200125, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shensheng Gu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
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Raja IS, Kang MS, Hong SW, Bae H, Kim B, Hwang YS, Cha JM, Han DW. State-of-the-art techniques for promoting tissue regeneration: Combination of three-dimensional bioprinting and carbon nanomaterials. Int J Bioprint 2022; 9:635. [PMID: 36844243 PMCID: PMC9947385 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v9i1.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
181Biofabrication approaches, such as three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of hydrogels, have recently garnered increasing attention, especially in the construction of 3D structures that mimic the complexity of tissues and organs with the capacity for cytocompatibility and post-printing cellular development. However, some printed gels show poor stability and maintain less shape fidelity if parameters such as polymer nature, viscosity, shear-thinning behavior, and crosslinking are affected. Therefore, researchers have incorporated various nanomaterials as bioactive fillers into polymeric hydrogels to address these limitations. Carbon-family nanomaterials (CFNs), hydroxyapatites, nanosilicates, and strontium carbonates have been incorporated into printed gels for application in various biomedical fields. In this review, following the compilation of research publications on CFNs-containing printable gels in various tissue engineering applications, we discuss the types of bioprinters, the prerequisites of bioink and biomaterial ink, as well as the progress and challenges of CFNs-containing printable gels in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hojae Bae
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Convergence Science and Technology Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongju Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute/Innovation Research & Support Center for Dental Science, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Yu-Shik Hwang
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jae Min Cha
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea,Corresponding authors: Jae Min Cha () Dong-Wook Han ()
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea,Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea,Corresponding authors: Jae Min Cha () Dong-Wook Han ()
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Ballal NV, Narkedamalli R, Ruparel NB, Shenoy PA, Bhat VR, Shenoy Belle V. Effect of Maleic acid root conditioning on release of Transforming Growth factor β1 from infected root canal dentin. J Endod 2022; 48:620-624. [PMID: 35217129 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemically released growth factors play a vital role in regenerative endodontics Transforming growth factor (TGF- β1) is one of the most extensively studied bioactive molecule that promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, and chemotaxis. The goal of the current research was to analyze the effect of 7% Maleic acid (MA) root conditioning of an infected root canal on the release of (TGF- β1). METHODS Single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canals were enlarged with peeso reamer. The samples were divided into biofilm and non-biofilm groups. Subsequently, all the samples of both the groups were flushed with 10 ml of each irrigant, namely, 1.5% NaOCl, 7% MA, 17% EDTA, combination of 1.5% NaOCl with 17% EDTA or 7% MA for 10 minutes each. TGF-β1 was estimated quantitatively utilizing ELISA Kit. RESULTS TGF- β1 release was lowest among the biofilm samples when compared to non-biofilm amongst all the groups. 7% MA with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) rendered higher amounts of growth factor release in contrast to combination of 17% EDTA and 1.5% NaOCl in both biofilm and non-biofilm groups (P<0.048). The non-biofilm samples treated with 7% MA alone illustrated higher growth factor release when compared to 17% EDTA only (P<0.006), but there was no significant difference in growth factor release among the biofilm samples treated with 7% MA and 17% EDTA. CONCLUSION Bacterial biofilms modified the release of TGF- β1. 7% MA was observed to be significantly more efficacious than 17% EDTA in TGF- β1 growth factor release from radicular dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Rajkumar Narkedamalli
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikita B Ruparel
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Padmaja A Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinutha R Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijetha Shenoy Belle
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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11
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Antibiofilm and immunomodulatory resorbable nanofibrous filing for dental pulp regenerative procedures. Bioact Mater 2022; 16:173-186. [PMID: 35386316 PMCID: PMC8965695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based Treatment in Dental Medicine: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031662. [PMID: 35163584 PMCID: PMC8836082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in regenerative therapeutic procedures is becoming an increasingly important topic in medicine. Since the first isolation of dental tissue-derived MSC, there has been an intense investigation on the characteristics and potentials of these cells in regenerative dentistry. Their multidifferentiation potential, self-renewal capacity, and easy accessibility give them a key role in stem cell-based therapy. So far, several different dental stem cell types have been discovered and their potential usage is found in most of the major dental medicine branches. These cells are also researched in multiple fields of medicine for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarized dental MSC sources and analyzed their treatment modalities with particular emphasis on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA).
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Yuan X, Yuan Z, Wang Y, Wan Z, Wang X, Yu S, Han J, Huang J, Xiong C, Ge L, Cai Q, Zhao Y. Vascularized pulp regeneration via injecting simvastatin functionalized GelMA cryogel microspheres loaded with stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100209. [PMID: 35198958 PMCID: PMC8841886 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Parhizkar A, Asgary S. Local Drug Delivery Systems for Vital Pulp Therapy: A New Hope. Int J Biomater 2021; 2021:5584268. [PMID: 34567123 PMCID: PMC8457968 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5584268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is deliberated as an ultraconservative/minimally invasive approach for the conservation of vital pulpal tissues, preservation of dental structure, and maintenance of tooth function in the oral cavity. In VPT, following the exposure of the dental pulp, the environment is prepared for the possible healing and probable refunctionalisation of pulpal connective tissue. However, to succeed in VPT, specific biomaterials are used to cover and/or dress the exposed pulp, lower the inflammation, heal the dental pulp, provoke the remaining odontoblastic cells, and induce the formation of a hard tissue, i.e., the dentinal bridge. It can be assumed that if the employed biomaterial is transferred to the target site using a specially designed micro-/nanosized local drug delivery system (LDDS), the biomaterial would be placed in closer proximity to the connective tissue, may be released in a controlled and sustained pattern, could properly conserve the remaining dental pulp and might appropriately enhance hard-tissue formation. Furthermore, the loaded LDDS could help VPT modalities to be more ultraconservative and may minimise the manipulation of the tooth structure as well as pulpal tissue, which could, in turn, result in better VPT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Parhizkar
- Iranian Centre for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Saeed Asgary
- Iranian Centre for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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ParK BC, Kim HT, Koh JW. New biodegradable drug delivery system for patients with dry eye. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 35:455-459. [PMID: 34488255 PMCID: PMC8666259 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2021.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop a new type of drug delivery system (DDS) for treatment of dry eye. Methods A new lens-type biodegradable DDS was manufactured using gelatin methacryloly, antibiotics, and conjunctival epithelial cells as bio-inks in a Bio X 3D Bioprinter. Gelatin methacryloly was used as a base, and the conditions were analyzed to maintain the overall shape by using a mixture of 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% hyaluronic acid. In addition, an experiment was conducted to measure the appropriate concentration by evaluating its cytotoxicity according to the concentration of antibiotics mixed therein to prevent infection. The degree of degradation according to the storage temperature and post-processing of the new lens-type biodegradable DDS was measured. Results Optimal conditions were maintained when using a nozzle pressure of 80 kPa and speed of 4 mm/sec, nozzle pressure of 50 kPa and speed of 3 mm/sec, nozzle pressure of 60 kPa and speed of 8 mm/sec for 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% hyaluronic acid concentrations, respectively. Degradation did not occur at 4°C and all the lenses were degraded at 37°C within 24 hours. In addition, the degradation rate was delayed according to the ultraviolet crosslink treatment time. Tobramycin 1% was used as an antibiotic during manufacture. Conclusions A new lens-type biodegradable DDS that can control the degree of degradation was designed using a 3-dimentional bioprinter. This DDS will contribute to ease of treatment, protection of the cornea, and regeneration of the epithelium in patients with dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Chan ParK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ho Tae Kim
- Ophthalmic optic medical device globalization, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Wong Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.,Ophthalmic optic medical device globalization, Gwangju, Korea
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Yun KH, Ko MJ, Chae YK, Lee K, Nam OH, Lee HS, Cheon K, Choi SC. Doxycycline-Loaded Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanomatrix Gel in Replanted Rat Molar on Pulp Regeneration. APPLIED SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:6041. [PMID: 36004383 PMCID: PMC9397492 DOI: 10.3390/app11136041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of doxycycline-loaded NO-releasing nanomatrix gel on pulp regeneration in replantation of avulsed rat teeth. A total of 28 maxillary first molars extracted from rats were replanted. The rats were divided into two groups based on the use of root surface treatment: doxycycline-loaded NO-releasing nanomatrix group and no treatment. Eight weeks after replantation, the rats were sacrificed, and the teeth were evaluated using histomorphometric analysis. On histomorphometric analysis, the NO-releasing nanomatrix group demonstrated a significantly lower grade of pulp inflammation (1.00 ± 1.11, mean ± standard deviation) compared to the no treatment group (2.21 ± 1.25, p = 0.014). NO-releasing nanomatrix group showed a significantly higher grade of pulp regeneration (2.57 ± 0.85, p = 0.012) and significantly lower grade of pulp inflammation (1.00 ± 0.68, p = 0.025) compared to the no treatment group. In conclusion, NO-releasing nanomatrix gel improved pulp regeneration of replanted teeth, though the sample size of this study was rather small. Within the limits of this study, NO-releasing nanomatrix gel can provide more favorable pulpal regeneration despite replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Hee Yun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Mi-Ja Ko
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Yong-Kown Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Koeun Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul 17104, Korea
| | - Ok-Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Kyounga Cheon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sung-Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Necrotic Immature Teeth Using Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11115199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The induction of a blood clot allowing apical revascularization with a subsequent apical closure was reported several decades ago. Recent research has been focused on examining different scaffolds for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). The aim of this study was to analyze the main outcomes in novel REP reported in the literature. The search was conducted using six databases. Only clinical trials aiming at the study of scaffolds for REP in the treatment of necrotic immature teeth were included. The risk of bias was assessed by the Risk of Bias 2 tool. Additionally, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. A summary of individual studies and a meta-analysis were performed. Relative risks of data from clinical success and root length changes were used from the studies, and these were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results reveal that the main outcomes showed no differences between the patients who received REP with scaffolds or only REP. Limitations include that the certainty of evidence was low and that there was significant heterogeneity in the scaffolds used in the included studies. The data suggest that the blood clot remains as the gold standard for REP.
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Bekhouche M, Bolon M, Charriaud F, Lamrayah M, Da Costa D, Primard C, Costantini A, Pasdeloup M, Gobert S, Mallein-Gerin F, Verrier B, Ducret M, Farges JC. Development of an antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogel for human dental pulp engineering. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8422-8432. [PMID: 32804177 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00989j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are considered to be very promising therapeutic strategies to reconstruct the dental pulp (DP) tissue in devitalized human teeth. However, the success of the regeneration process is limited by residual bacteria that may persist in the endodontic space after the disinfection step and contaminate the biomaterial. The aim of this work was to develop an innovative fibrin hydrogel incorporating clindamycin (CLIN)-loaded Poly (d,l) Lactic Acid (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) to provide the hydrogel with antibacterial properties. CLIN-PLA-NPs were synthesized by a surfactant-free nanoprecipitation method and their microphysical properties were assessed by dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility and scanning electron microscopy. Their antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated on Enteroccocus fæcalis by the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal biofilm inhibition and eradication concentrations (MBIC and MBEC). Antibacterial properties of the nanocomposite hydrogel were verified by agar diffusion assays. NP distribution into the hydrogel and release from it were evaluated using fluorescent PLA-NPs. NP cytotoxicity was assessed on DP mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) incorporated into the hydrogel. Type I collagen synthesis was investigated after 7 days of culture by immunohistochemistry. We found that CLIN-PLA-NPs displayed a drug loading of 10 ± 2 μg per mg of PLA polymer and an entrapment efficiency of 43 ± 7%. Antibiotic loading did not affect NP size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. The MIC for Enterococcus fæcalis was 32 μg mL-1. MBIC50 and MBEC50 were 4 and 16 μg mL-1, respectively. CLIN-PLA-NPs appeared homogenously distributed throughout the hydrogel. CLIN-PLA-NP-loaded hydrogels clearly inhibited E. faecalis growth. DP-MSC viability and type I collagen synthesis within the fibrin hydrogel were not affected by CLIN-PLA-NPs. In conclusion, CLIN-PLA-NP incorporation into the fibrin hydrogel gave the latter antibacterial and antibiofilm properties without affecting cell viability and function. This formulation could help establish an aseptic environment supporting DP reconstruction and, accordingly, might be a valuable tool for REPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bekhouche
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Bolon
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - F Charriaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Lamrayah
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - D Da Costa
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Adjuvatis®, Lyon, France
| | | | - A Costantini
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Pasdeloup
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - S Gobert
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - F Mallein-Gerin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - B Verrier
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - M Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
| | - J-C Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
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Different Approaches to the Regeneration of Dental Tissues in Regenerative Endodontics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The regenerative procedure has established a new approach to root canal therapy, to preserve the vital pulp of the tooth. This present review aimed to describe and sum up the different approaches to regenerative endodontic treatment conducted in the last 10 years; (2) Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Cochrane Library electronic databases, supplemented by a manual search. The search strategy included the following terms: “regenerative endodontic protocol”, “regenerative endodontic treatment”, and “regenerative endodontics” combined with “pulp revascularization”. Only studies on humans, published in the last 10 years and written in English were included; (3) Results: Three hundred and eighty-six potentially significant articles were identified. After exclusion of duplicates, and meticulous analysis, 36 case reports were selected; (4) Conclusions: The pulp revascularization procedure may bring a favorable outcome, however, the prognosis of regenerative endodontics (RET) is unpredictable. Permanent immature teeth showed greater potential for positive outcomes after the regenerative procedure. Further controlled clinical studies are required to fully understand the process of the dentin–pulp complex regeneration, and the predictability of the procedure.
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Lopes LB, Neves JA, Botelho J, Machado V, Mendes JJ. Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: An Umbrella Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:754. [PMID: 33561086 PMCID: PMC7830213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Regenerative Endodontic Procedure (REP) is a biologically based method in which a damaged pulp-dentin complex is replaced by a new vital tissue. This umbrella review aimed to critically assess the available systematic reviews (SRs) on REP. An electronic database search was conducted (PubMed-Medline, CENTRAL, Scielo, Web of Science, and LILACS) until December 2020. Studies were included if they were an SR on REP. The Risk of Bias (RoB) of SRs was analyzed using the Measurement Tool to Assess SRs criteria 2 (AMSTAR2). The primary outcome was the methodological quality in each specific section of REP protocols and outcomes. From 403 entries, 29 SRs were included. Regarding the methodological quality, ten studies were of critically low, three of low, fourteen of moderate, and two were rated as high quality. The quality of evidence produced by the available SRs was not favorable. Future high standard SRs and well-designed clinical trials are warranted to better elucidate the clinical protocols and outcomes of REP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Bandeira Lopes
- Dental Pediatrics Department, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (J.A.N.); (J.B.); (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
| | - João Albernaz Neves
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (J.A.N.); (J.B.); (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Endodontics Department, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (J.A.N.); (J.B.); (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (J.A.N.); (J.B.); (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (J.A.N.); (J.B.); (V.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Evidenced-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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What is the best long-term treatment modality for immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:311-340. [PMID: 33420674 PMCID: PMC8213569 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and assess the current knowledge about apexification and regenerative techniques as a meaningful treatment modality and to map the scientific evidence for the efficacy of both methods for the management of traumatised immature teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. METHODS This systematic review searched five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Medline), and Embase. Published articles written in English were considered for inclusion. The following keywords were used: Regenerative endodontic treatment OR regenerat* OR revital* OR endodontic regeneration OR regenerative endodontics OR pulp revascularization OR revasculari* OR 'traumatized immature teeth'. Only peer-reviewed studies with a study size of at least 20 cases followed up for 24 months were included. Eligibility assessment was performed independently in a blinded manner by three reviewers and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Subgroup analyses were performed on three clinical outcomes: survival, success, and continued root development. RESULTS Seven full texts out of 1359 citations were included and conventional content analysis was performed. Most of the identified citations were case reports and case series. CONCLUSIONS In the present systematic review, the qualitative analysis revealed that both regenerative and apexification techniques had equal rates of success and survival and proved to be effective in the treatment of immature necrotic permanent teeth. Endodontic regenerative techniques appear to be superior to apexification techniques in terms of stimulation of root maturation, i.e. root wall thickening and root lengthening. Knowledge gaps were identified regarding the treatment and follow-up protocols for both techniques.
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Three-Dimensional Bioprinting: Role in Craniomaxillary Surgery Ethics and Future. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:1114-1116. [PMID: 32433136 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing and bioprinting is gaining lot of momentum, especially in surgical specialties. These two technologies have wide array of applications in presurgical, surgical, and in vitro scenarios. Bioprinting can generate customized patient specific tissue engineered from specialized cells. This technology can be a gold standard in reconstructive and regenerative surgeries, if used in regulated and ethical environment. This communication focuses on basics of these technologies, their role in surgical specialties, ethical issues specific to these technologies, and its future.
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de Farias JO, de Freitas Lima SM, Rezende TMB. Physiopathology of nitric oxide in the oral environment and its biotechnological potential for new oral treatments: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4197-4212. [PMID: 33057827 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A narrative review on the NO properties and their relationship with the oral environment describing NO's molecular origin, role, and perspectives regarding oral pathological, physiological, and regenerative processes for future applications and possible use as prevention or treatment in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pubmed was searched using the word "nitric oxide." Reviews, clinical studies, and experimental studies were eligible for the screening process. Similar search procedures were then performed with the additional search words "conservative dentistry," "orthodontics," "endodontics," "implants," "periodontics," "oral cancer," "pulp revascularization," and "oral surgery." Furthermore, references of included articles were examined to identify further relevant articles. RESULTS There is a relationship between NO production and oral diseases such as caries, periodontal diseases, pulp inflammation, apical periodontitis, oral cancer, with implants, and orthodontics. Studies on this relationship and uses of NO, in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, are being developed. Also, some NO and oral cavity patents have already registered. CONCLUSIONS The understanding of how NO can interfere in oral health maintenance or disease processes can contribute to elucidate the disease development and optimize treatment approaches. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NO has considerable biotechnological potential and can contribute to improving diagnostics and treating the oral environment. As a biomarker, NO has an important role in the early diagnosis of diseases. Regarding treatments, NO can possibly be used as a regulator of inflammation, anti-biofilm action, replacing antibiotics, inducing apoptosis of cancerous cells, and contributing to the angiogenesis. All these studies are initial considerations regarding the relationship between NO and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Ormondes de Farias
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Stella Maris de Freitas Lima
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, QS 07 Lote 01, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916N - Módulo B Avenida W5-Campus II -Modulo C, room C-221, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.790-160, Brazil. .,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro s/n-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Fischer NG, Münchow EA, Tamerler C, Bottino MC, Aparicio C. Harnessing biomolecules for bioinspired dental biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8713-8747. [PMID: 32747882 PMCID: PMC7544669 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental clinicians have relied for centuries on traditional dental materials (polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites) to restore oral health and function to patients. Clinical outcomes for many crucial dental therapies remain poor despite many decades of intense research on these materials. Recent attention has been paid to biomolecules as a chassis for engineered preventive, restorative, and regenerative approaches in dentistry. Indeed, biomolecules represent a uniquely versatile and precise tool to enable the design and development of bioinspired multifunctional dental materials to spur advancements in dentistry. In this review, we survey the range of biomolecules that have been used across dental biomaterials. Our particular focus is on the key biological activity imparted by each biomolecule toward prevention of dental and oral diseases as well as restoration of oral health. Additional emphasis is placed on the structure-function relationships between biomolecules and their biological activity, the unique challenges of each clinical condition, limitations of conventional therapies, and the advantages of each class of biomolecule for said challenge. Biomaterials for bone regeneration are not reviewed as numerous existing reviews on the topic have been recently published. We conclude our narrative review with an outlook on the future of biomolecules in dental biomaterials and potential avenues of innovation for biomaterial-based patient oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-250A Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Panda S, Mishra L, Arbildo-Vega HI, Lapinska B, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Khijmatgar S, Parolia A, Bucchi C, Fabbro MD. Effectiveness of Autologous Platelet Concentrates in Management of Young Immature Necrotic Permanent Teeth-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102241. [PMID: 33036462 PMCID: PMC7600252 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in regenerative endodontic procedures is inconsistent and unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet concentrates compared to traditional blood-clot regeneration for the management of young, immature, necrotic, permanent teeth. The digital databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched to identify ten randomized clinical trials. The outcomes at postoperative follow-up, such as dentinal wall thickness (DWT), increase in root length (RL), calcific barrier formation (CB), apical closure (AC), vitality response (VR), and success rate (SR), were subjected to both qualitative synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that APCs significantly improved apical closure (risk ratio (RR) = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.37; p = 0.04) and response to vitality pulp tests (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.52; p = 0.04), whereas no significant effect was observed on root lengthening, dentin wall thickness, or success rate of immature, necrotic teeth treated with regenerative endodontics. APCs could be beneficial when treating young, immature, necrotic, permanent teeth regarding better apical closure and improved response to vitality tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Panda
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Lora Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
| | - Heber Isac Arbildo-Vega
- Department of General Dentistry, Dentistry School, Universidad San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 14012, Peru;
- Department of General Dentistry, Dentistry School, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo, Chiclayo 14012, Peru
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (B.L.); (M.L.-S.)
| | | | - Shahnawaz Khijmatgar
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Department of Oral Biology and Genomic Studies, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Abhishek Parolia
- Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lampur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Cristina Bucchi
- Faculty of Dentistry, CICO Research Centre, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy;
- Dental Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5031-9950; Fax: +39-02-5031-9960
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Colombo JS, Jia S, D'Souza RN. Modeling Hypoxia Induced Factors to Treat Pulpal Inflammation and Drive Regeneration. J Endod 2020; 46:S19-S25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Challenges of Engineering Biomimetic Dental and Paradental Tissues. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:403-421. [PMID: 32621282 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of the dental and paradental tissues resulting from trauma, caries or from systemic diseases considered as one of the most significant and frequent clinical problem to the healthcare professionals. Great attempts have been implemented to recreate functionally, healthy dental and paradental tissues in order to substitute dead and diseased tissues resulting from secondary trauma of car accidents, congenital malformations of cleft lip and palate or due to acquired diseases such as cancer and periodontal involvements. METHOD An extensive literature search has been done on PubMed database from 2010 to 2019 about the challenges of engineering a biomimetic tooth (BioTooth) regarding basic biology of the tooth and its supporting structures, strategies, and different techniques of obtaining biological substitutes for dental tissue engineering. RESULTS It has been found that great challenges need to be considered before engineering biomimetic individual parts of the tooth such as enamel, dentin-pulp complex and periodontium. In addition, two approaches have been adopted to engineer a BioTooth. The first one was to engineer a BioTooth as an individual unit and the other was to engineer a BioTooth with its supporting structures. CONCLUSION Engineering of BioTooth with its supporting structures thought to be in the future will replace the traditional and conventional treatment modalities in the field of dentistry. To accomplish this goal, different cell lines and growth factors with a variety of scaffolds at the nano-scale level are now in use. Recent researches in this area of interest are dedicated for this objective, both in vivo and in vitro. Despite progress in this field, there are still many challenges ahead and need to be overcome, many of which related to the basic tooth biology and its supporting structures and some others related to the sophisticated techniques isolating cells, fabricating the needed scaffolds and obtaining the signaling molecules.
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Sousa MGC, Maximiano MR, Costa RA, Rezende TMB, Franco OL. Nanofibers as drug-delivery systems for infection control in dentistry. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:919-930. [PMID: 32401065 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1762564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the complexity of different oral infections, new anti-infective nanotechnological approaches have been emerging for dentistry in recent years. These strategies may contribute to antimicrobial molecules delivery, tissue regeneration, and oral health maintenance by acting in a more specific site and not being cytotoxic. In this context, nanofibers appear as versatile structures and might act both in the release of antimicrobial molecules and as a scaffold for new tissue formation. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the application of different nanofibers as new strategies for the delivery of antimicrobial molecules for dentistry. Here, we present the main polymers used to construct nanofibers, methods of production and mainly their antimicrobial activity against microorganisms commonly responsible for the usual dental infections. These biomaterials may be associated to restorative materials, prostheses, and mucoadhesive structures. Besides, nanofibers can be used for endodontic or periodontal therapy, or even on implant surfaces. EXPERT OPINION A wide variety of studies report the potential application of anti-infective nanofibers in the oral cavity. Although there are still several barriers between in vitro and in vivo studies, these new formulations appear as promising new therapies for dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício G C Sousa
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Maximiano
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rosiane A Costa
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Taia M B Rezende
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília , Brasília, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica dom Bosco , Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Sousa MGDC, Xavier PD, Lima SMDF, Almeida JAD, Franco OL, Rezende TMB. Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus stimulate nitric oxide production in macrophages and fibroblasts in vitro. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8657039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator related to damage of the pulp tissue and at the same time to regenerative pulp processes. However, it is not clear how common endodontic microorganisms can regulate this mediator. This study aimed to investigate NO production by macrophages and fibroblasts against Enterococcus faecalis- and Staphylococcus aureus-antigens. Methods: RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblast cell lines were stimulated with different heat-killed (HK) antigen concentrations (105-108 colony forming units - CFU) from E. faecalis and S. aureus with or without interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Cell viability by MTT colorimetric assay and NO production from the culture supernatants were evaluated after 72 h. Results: Data here reported demonstrated that none of the antigen concentrations decreased cell viability in macrophages and fibroblasts. The presence of HK-S. aureus and HK-E. faecalis antigen- stimulated NO production with or without IFN-γ on RAW 264.7. The HK-S. aureus antigen stimulated NO production in L929 fibroblasts with or without IFN-γ, and the highest concentration of HK-E. faecalis with IFN-γ also stimulated NO production by these cells. Conclusion: The amount of NO produced by macrophages and fibroblasts may be involved in the concentration and type of prevalent endodontic microorganisms, generating new answers for the understanding of pulpal revascularization/regeneration processes.
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Oral spirochetes: Pathogenic mechanisms in periodontal disease. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104193. [PMID: 32304795 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an infectious inflammatory disease resulting from infection of biofilm forming bacteria. Several bacterial factors regulate inflammatory response and cause to tissue damage and loss of connection between gingival and tooth. Since bacterial virulence factors and also host immune responses have role, understanding of periodontal disease is complex, in overall we can say that in this disease epithelium is deleted by bacteria. Oral spirochetes are related to periodontitis, among them, Treponema denticola, have been associated with periodontal diseases such as early-onset periodontitis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and acute pericoronitis. This review will analyse mechanisms of pathogenesis of spirochetes in periodontitis. Microorganisms cause destruction of gingival tissue by two mechanisms. In one, damage results from the direct action of bacterial enzymes and cytotoxic products of bacterial metabolism. In the other, only bacterial components have role, and tissue destruction is the inevitable side effect of a subverted and exaggerated host inflammatory response to plaque antigens.
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Shah D, Lynd T, Ho D, Chen J, Vines J, Jung HD, Kim JH, Zhang P, Wu H, Jun HW, Cheon K. Pulp-Dentin Tissue Healing Response: A Discussion of Current Biomedical Approaches. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020434. [PMID: 32033375 PMCID: PMC7074340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp tissue exposed to mechanical trauma or cariogenic process results in root canal and/or periapical infections, and conventionally treated with root canal procedures. The more recent regenerative endodontic procedure intends to achieve effective root canal disinfection and adequate pulp–dentin tissue regeneration; however, numerous limitations are reported. Because tooth is composed of vital soft pulp enclosed by the mineralized hard tissue in a highly organized structure, complete pulp–dentin tissue regeneration has been challenging to achieve. In consideration of the limitations and unique dental anatomy, it is important to understand the healing and repair processes through inflammatory-proliferative-remodeling phase transformations of pulp–dentin tissue. Upon cause by infectious and mechanical stimuli, the innate defense mechanism is initiated by resident pulp cells including immune cells through chemical signaling. After the expansion of infection and damage to resident pulp–dentin cells, consequent chemical signaling induces pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to migrate to the injury site to perform the tissue regeneration process. Additionally, innovative biomaterials are necessary to facilitate the immune response and pulp–dentin tissue regeneration roles of MSCs. This review highlights current approaches of pulp–dentin tissue healing process and suggests potential biomedical perspective of the pulp–dentin tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dishant Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Tyler Lynd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Donald Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Jeremy Vines
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Hwi-Dong Jung
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodeamun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Ji-Hun Kim
- Department of Dentistry, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 20 Il-San-ro, Wonju, Gangwon-Do 26426, Korea;
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7th Avenue S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (P.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7th Avenue S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (P.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (D.S.); (T.L.); (D.H.); (J.C.); (J.V.); (H.-W.J.)
| | - Kyounga Cheon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1919 7th Avenue S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (P.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-975-4303
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Tian S, Wang J, Dong F, Du N, Li W, Song P, Liu Y. Concentrated Growth Factor Promotes Dental Pulp Cells Proliferation and Mineralization and Facilitates Recovery of Dental Pulp Tissue. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:10016-10028. [PMID: 31877561 PMCID: PMC6944166 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp cells (DPCs) play vital roles in the recovery of dental pulp tissue. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) can promote proliferation and mineralization of various cells. However, the functions of CGF on DPCs and dental pulp tissue are unclear. The object of our study was to identify the roles of CGF in DPCs proliferation and mineralization in vitro and to assess the effects of CGF on direct pulp capping in vivo. Material/Methods We performed CCK-8 and Transwell assay to detect proliferation and migration activity of DPCs. Alizarin Red staining was performed to examine mineralized nodules. Alkaline phosphatase activity test was used to measure the mineralization capacity of DPCs. We assessed the odontogenic differentiation gene expression level by Western blot and qPCR. The effect of CGF on direct pulp capping in vivo were evaluated by radiography and histopathology. Results CGF increased the number of proliferative and migratory DPCs. CGF enhanced DPCs mineralized nodules and improved the gene expression levels of DSPP, DMP-1, BSP, and ALP. CGF upregulated the protein levels of ALP, BMP2, SMAD5, Runx2, and p-Smad, and the effect could be partially reversed by Noggin. CGF promoted pulp recovery and kept its vitality in directly pulp capping. Conclusions CGF promotes DPCs proliferation and mineralization. It regulates the mineralization of DPCs via the BMP2/SMAD5/Runx2 signaling pathway. CGF can be used as the effective graft for direct pulp capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Tian
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Fusheng Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yanping Liu
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
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Rezaei-Soufi L, Tapak L, Forouzande M, Fekrazad R. Effects of motion direction and power of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on pull-out bond strength of fiber post to root dentin in endodontically-treated single-canal premolar teeth. Biomater Res 2019; 23:17. [PMID: 31788326 PMCID: PMC6858750 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inadequate retention and gradual debonding of intracanal post from root dentin is a major cause of failure of endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber post. Main body This study aimed to assess the effect of surface treatment of quartz fiber posts with different powers and motion directions of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on their pull-out bond strength to root dentin in endodontically treated premolar teeth. In this study, 105 fiber posts were divided into 7 groups according to their surface treatment with different powers of Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2780 nm wavelength, 20 Hz frequency and 150 μs pulse duration in circumferential (C) or longitudinal (L) motion directions: Control group (no treatment), 0.5 W laser in longitudinally (L0.5), 1.0 W laser in longitudinally (L1), 1.5 W laser in longitudinally (L1.5), 0.5 W laser in circumferentially (C0.5), 1.0 W laser in circumferentially (C1) and 1.5 W laser in circumferentially (C1.5). After cementation, pull-out bond strength was measured in Newton (N). Each sample was inspected under a stereomicroscope at × 25 magnification to determine the mode of failure. Two samples of each group were inspected under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test with significant level of 0.05. The pull-out bond strength of 0.5 W groups had significant differences with the control group (P = 0.009). The bond strength of 1.0 W and 1.5 W groups were not significantly different (P = 0.630) but were higher than the control and 0.5 W groups (P < 0.001). Motion direction of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength (P = 0.384). The interaction effect of power and motion direction of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength (P = 0.092). Conclusion Fiber posts treated with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 W Er,Cr:YSGG laser showed higher bond strength to dentin compared to posts with no surface treatment. However, the motion directions of laser irradiation had no significant effect on the bond strength. In order to minimize damage to post surface and achieving maximum bond strength, longitudinal surface treatment of posts with 1.0 W power of Er,Cr:YSGG laser is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loghman Rezaei-Soufi
- 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leili Tapak
- 2Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Forouzande
- 3Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- 4Department of Periodontology, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, Dental Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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El Gezawi M, Wölfle UC, Haridy R, Fliefel R, Kaisarly D. Remineralization, Regeneration, and Repair of Natural Tooth Structure: Influences on the Future of Restorative Dentistry Practice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4899-4919. [PMID: 33455239 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the principal strategy for the treatment of carious defects involves cavity preparations followed by the restoration of natural tooth structure with a synthetic material of inferior biomechanical and esthetic qualities and with questionable long-term clinical reliability of the interfacial bonds. Consequently, prevention and minimally invasive dentistry are considered basic approaches for the preservation of sound tooth structure. Moreover, conventional periodontal therapies do not always ensure predictable outcomes or completely restore the integrity of the periodontal ligament complex that has been lost due to periodontitis. Much effort and comprehensive research have been undertaken to mimic the natural development and biomineralization of teeth to regenerate and repair natural hard dental tissues and restore the integrity of the periodontium. Regeneration of the dentin-pulp tissue has faced several challenges, starting with the basic concerns of clinical applicability. Recent technologies and multidisciplinary approaches in tissue engineering and nanotechnology, as well as the use of modern strategies for stem cell recruitment, synthesis of effective biodegradable scaffolds, molecular signaling, gene therapy, and 3D bioprinting, have resulted in impressive outcomes that may revolutionize the practice of restorative dentistry. This Review covers the current approaches and technologies for remineralization, regeneration, and repair of natural tooth structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz El Gezawi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uta Christine Wölfle
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rasha Haridy
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Riham Fliefel
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Dalia Kaisarly
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.,Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
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Moonesi Rad R, Atila D, Akgün EE, Evis Z, Keskin D, Tezcaner A. Evaluation of human dental pulp stem cells behavior on a novel nanobiocomposite scaffold prepared for regenerative endodontics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:928-948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Wu J, Wang Q, Han Q, Zhu H, Li M, Fang Y, Wang X. Effects of Nel-like molecule-1 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 combination on rat pulp repair. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:253-261. [PMID: 30937700 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nel-like molecule-1 (NELL-1) is a novel highly specific growth factor that can induce osteoblast differentiation and bone formation as well as odontoblast differentiation. Recent studies have suggested that NELL-1 can synergistically increase bone formation and regeneration with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and inhibit adverse effects induced by BMP2. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of NELL-1 and BMP2 on rat pulp repair. The experiment used healthy non-carious maxillary first molars from 60 Wistar rats. Exposed pulps were capped with NELL-1 plus BMP2, NELL-1 alone, and BMP2 alone, and each was absorbed onto a sterile collagen sponge. In the control samples, the collagen sponge alone and Dycal were used as capping agents. After l, 2 and 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed. The formation of reparative dentin, as well the situation of pulp repair, was detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; moreover, the expression of dentin specific protein-dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL6) and interleukin-8 (IL8) was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Quantitative real-time PCR experiment was used to investigate the mRNA levels of IL6 and IL8. The results showed that pulp capping with NELL-1 plus BMP2 in rats had superior ability in inducing reparative dentin formation with dentin tubules and in reducing the inflammatory cell response compared with the other groups. These findings suggested that combined use of NELL-1 and BMP2 could positively regulate pulp repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, 250001, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongfan Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Wang Q, Han G, Yan S, Zhang Q. 3D Printing of Silk Fibroin for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E504. [PMID: 30736388 PMCID: PMC6384667 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is regarded as a critical technological-evolution in material engineering, especially for customized biomedicine. However, a big challenge that hinders the 3D printing technique applied in biomedical field is applicable bioink. Silk fibroin (SF) is used as a biomaterial for decades due to its remarkable high machinability and good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which provides a possible alternate of bioink for 3D printing. In this review, we summarize the requirements, characteristics and processabilities of SF bioink, in particular, focusing on the printing possibilities and capabilities of bioink. Further, the current achievements of cell-loading SF based bioinks were comprehensively viewed from their physical properties, chemical components, and bioactivities as well. Finally, the emerging issues and prospects of SF based bioink for 3D printing are given. This review provides a reference for the programmable and multiple processes and the further improvement of silk-based biomaterials fabrication by 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product (Ministry of Education), School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Guocong Han
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product (Ministry of Education), School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Shuqin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product (Ministry of Education), School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber & Product (Ministry of Education), School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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Biomimetic Conditioning of Human Dentin Using Citric Acid. J Endod 2019; 45:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Jin R, Song G, Chai J, Gou X, Yuan G, Chen Z. Effects of concentrated growth factor on proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731418817505. [PMID: 30622693 PMCID: PMC6304703 DOI: 10.1177/2041731418817505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factor, a novel autologous plasma extract, contained various growth factors which promoted tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological effects of concentrated growth factor on human dental pulp stem cells. The microstructure and biocompatibility of concentrated growth factor scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation and migration, odontoblastic and endothelial cell differentiation potential were assessed after exposing dental pulp stem cells to different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, or 80%) of concentrated growth factor extracts. The results revealed that concentrated growth factor scaffolds possessed porous fibrin network with platelets and leukocytes, and showed great biocompatibility with dental pulp stem cells. Higher cell proliferation rates were detected in the concentrated growth factor–treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, in comparison to the controls, the low doses (<50%) of concentrated growth factor increased cell migration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralized tissue deposition, while the cells treated in high doses (50% or 80%) showed no significant difference. After stimulating cell differentiation, the expression levels of dentin matrix protein-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and cluster of differentiation 31 were significantly upregulated in concentrated growth factor–supplemented groups than those of the controls. Furthermore, the dental pulp stem cell–derived endothelial cells co-induced by 5% concentrated growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor formed the most amount of mature tube-like structures on Matrigel among all groups, but the high-dosage concentrated growth factor exhibited no or inhibitory effect on cell differentiation. In general, our findings confirmed that concentrated growth factor promoted cell proliferation, migration, and the dental pulp stem cell–mediated dentinogenesis and angiogenesis process, by which it might act as a growth factor–loaded scaffold to facilitate dentin–pulp complex healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Gou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Metlerska J, Fagogeni I, Nowicka A. Efficacy of Autologous Platelet Concentrates in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review of Human Studies. J Endod 2018; 45:20-30.e1. [PMID: 30446403 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The latest research concerns the use of platelet concentrates, which are introduced into the root canal. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin and platelet-rich plasma in regenerative endodontics. METHODS This literature review was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The literature search included all publications without a year limit. The last search was performed on January 31, 2018. An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, and Scopus. Articles were selected that addressed the following research question: Is the use of platelet concentrates effective in regenerative endodontics? The necessary information was extracted by 2 authors independently using a standardized form. RESULTS The search resulted in 426 titles from all databases, and 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Five were randomized trials, and the others were case reports. All described cases were asymptomatic. Only 3 cases from randomized trials were unsuccessful. Ten of the case reports found positive results for pulp vitality. In randomized trials, the teeth treated with platelet concentrates showed better results for pulp vitality. In almost all cases, they also described thickening and lengthening of the root wall and closure of the apical foramen, which are important for successful treatment of permanent teeth. CONCLUSIONS This review showed that procedures using autologous platelet concentrates were successful in treating permanent teeth with root development. However, more long-term clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Metlerska
- Doctoral Studies of the Faculty of Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Irini Fagogeni
- Doctoral Studies of the Faculty of Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Nowicka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Moon CY, Nam OH, Kim M, Lee HS, Kaushik SN, Cruz Walma DA, Jun HW, Cheon K, Choi SC. Effects of the nitric oxide releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel on pulp-dentin regeneration: Pilot study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205534. [PMID: 30308037 PMCID: PMC6181396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful disinfection alongside complete endodontic tissue regeneration and revascularization are the most desired clinical outcomes of regenerative endodontics. Despite reported clinical successes, significant limitations to the current regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) have been elucidated. To improve the current REP, an antibiotics and nitric oxide (NO) releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel was developed. The study evaluates antibacterial effects of an antibiotics and NO releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel on multispecies endodontic bacteria. Antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CF) and metronidazole (MN) were mixed and encapsulated within the NO releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel. The gel was synthesized and self-assembled from peptide amphiphiles containing various functional groups. Antibacterial effects of the antibiotics and NO releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel were evaluated using bacterial viability assays involving endodontic microorganisms including clinical samples. Pulp-dentin regeneration was evaluated via animal-model experiments. The antibiotics and NO releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel demonstrated a concentration dependent antibacterial effect. In addition, NO alone demonstrated a concentration dependent antibacterial effect on endodontic microorganism. An in vivo analysis demonstrated the antibiotics and NO releasing biomimetic nanomatrix gel promoted tooth revascularization with maturation of root canals. An optimal concentration of and NO releasing nanomatrix gel is suggested for its potential as a root treatment material for REP and an appropriate protocol for human trials. Further investigation is required to obtain a larger sample size and decide upon ideal growth factor incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Yang Moon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sagar N. Kaushik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - David A. Cruz Walma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Kyounga Cheon
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SCC); (KC)
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (SCC); (KC)
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Abstract
Background The worldwide demand for the organ replacement or tissue regeneration is increasing steadily. The advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have made it possible to regenerate such damaged organs or tissues into functional organ or tissue with the help of 3D bioprinting. The main component of the 3D bioprinting is the bioink, which is crucial for the development of functional organs or tissue structures. The bioinks used in 3D printing technology require so many properties which are vital and need to be considered during the selection. Combination of different methods and enhancements in properties are required to develop more successful bioinks for the 3D printing of organs or tissue structures. Main body This review consists of the recent state-of-art of polymer-based bioinks used in 3D printing for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The subsection projects the basic requirements for the selection of successful bioinks for 3D printing and developing 3D tissues or organ structures using combinations of bioinks such as cells, biomedical polymers and biosignals. Different bioink materials and their properties related to the biocompatibility, printability, mechanical properties, which are recently reported for 3D printing are discussed in detail. Conclusion Many bioinks formulations have been reported from cell-biomaterials based bioinks to cell-based bioinks such as cell aggregates and tissue spheroids for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Interestingly, more tunable bioinks, which are biocompatible for live cells, printable and mechanically stable after printing are emerging with the help of functional polymeric biomaterials, their modifications and blending of cells and hydrogels. These approaches show the immense potential of these bioinks to produce more complex tissue/organ structures using 3D bioprinting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janarthanan Gopinathan
- 1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea.,2Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-Gu Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- 1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea.,2Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-Gu Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
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Miszuk JM, Xu T, Yao Q, Fang F, Childs JD, Hong Z, Tao J, Fong H, Sun H. Functionalization of PCL-3D Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Improved BMP2-Induced Bone Formation. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2018; 10:194-202. [PMID: 29577064 PMCID: PMC5863927 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) is a key growth factor for bone regeneration, possessing FDA approval for orthopedic applications. BMP2 is often required in supratherapeutic doses clinically, yielding adverse side effects and substantial treatment costs. Considering the crucial role of materials for BMPs delivery and cell osteogenic differentiation, we devote to engineering an innovative bone-matrix mimicking niche to improve low dose of BMP2-induced bone formation. Our previous work describes a novel technique, named thermally induced nanofiber self-agglomeration (TISA), for generating 3D electrospun nanofibrous (NF) polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. TISA process could readily blend PCL with PLA, leading to increased osteogenic capabilities in vitro, however, these bio-inert synthetic polymers produced limited BMP2-induced bone formation in vivo. We therefore hypothesize that functionalization of NF 3D PCL scaffolds with bone-like hydroxyapatite (HA) and BMP2 signaling activator phenamil will provide a favorable osteogenic niche for bone formation at low doses of BMP2. Compared to PCL-3D scaffolds, PCL/HA-3D scaffolds demonstrated synergistically enhanced osteogenic differentiation capabilities of C2C12 cells with phenamil. Importantly, in vivo studies showed this synergism was able to generate significantly increased new bone in an ectopic mouse model, suggesting PCL/HA-3D scaffolds act as a favorable synthetic extracellular matrix for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Miszuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- Program of Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Qingqing Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Children’s Health Research Center at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Josh D. Childs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Zhongkui Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Jianning Tao
- Children’s Health Research Center at Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Hao Fong
- Program of Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- Professor Hao Fong, Ph.D. Phone: (+1) 605-394-1229; Fax: (+1) 605-394-1232;
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Professor Hongli Sun, Ph.D. Phone: (+1) 605-275-7470; Fax: (+1) 605-782-3280;
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Bang S, Jung UW, Noh I. Synthesis and Biocompatibility Characterizations of in Situ Chondroitin Sulfate-Gelatin Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:25-35. [PMID: 30603532 PMCID: PMC6171642 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel hydrogel composed of both chondroitin sulfate (CS) and gelatin was developed for better cellular interaction through two step double crosslinking of N-(3-diethylpropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) chemistries and then click chemistry. EDC chemistry was proceeded during grafting of amino acid dihydrazide (ADH) to carboxylic groups in CS and gelatin network in separate reactions, thus obtaining CS-ADH and gelatin-ADH, respectively. CS-acrylate and gelatin-TCEP was obtained through a second EDC chemistry of the unreacted free amines of CS-ADH and gelatin-ADH with acrylic acid and tri(carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), respectively. In situ CS-gelatin hydrogel was obtained via click chemistry by simple mixing of aqueous solutions of both CS-acrylate and gelatin-TCEP. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy showed formation of the new chemical bonds between CS and gelatin in CS-gelatin hydrogel network. SEM demonstrated microporous structure of the hydrogel. Within serial precursor concentrations of the CS-gelatin hydrogels studied, they showed trends of the reaction rates of gelation, where the higher concentration, the quicker the gelation occurred. In vitro studies, including assessment of cell viability (live and dead assay), cytotoxicity, biocompatibility via direct contacts of the hydrogels with cells, as well as measurement of inflammatory responses, showed their excellent biocompatibility. Eventually, the test results verified a promising potency for further application of CS-gelatin hydrogel in many biomedical fields, including drug delivery and tissue engineering by mimicking extracellular matrix components of tissues such as collagen and CS in cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Bang
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongnung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
| | - Ui-Won Jung
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Insup Noh
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongnung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongnung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811 Republic of Korea
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Ducret M, Fabre H, Celle A, Mallein-Gerin F, Perrier-Groult E, Alliot-Licht B, Farges JC. Current challenges in human tooth revitalization. Biomed Mater Eng 2017; 28:S159-S168. [PMID: 28372291 DOI: 10.3233/bme-171637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tooth vitality and health are related to the presence of a living connective tissue, the dental pulp (DP), in the center of the dental organ. The DP contains the tooth immune defence system that is activated against invading oral cariogenic bacteria during the caries process and the tissue repair/regeneration machinery involved following microorganisms' eradication. However, penetration of oral bacteria into the DP often leads to complete tissue destruction and colonization of the endodontic space by microorganisms. Classical endodontic therapies consist of disinfecting then sealing the endodontic space with a gutta percha-based material. However, re-infections of the endodontic space by oral bacteria can occur, owing to the lack of tightness of the material. Recent findings suggest that regenerating a fully functional pulp tissue may be an ideal therapeutic solution to maintain a tooth defence system that will detect and help manage future injuries. The objective of this paper was to explain the different revascularization and regeneration strategies that have been proposed to reconstitute a living DP tissue and to discuss the main challenges that have to be resolved to improve these therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France.,Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
| | - Hugo Fabre
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France.,Laboratory of Regenerative Technologies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Celle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Mallein-Gerin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Emeline Perrier-Groult
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Brigitte Alliot-Licht
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, INSERM, Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, Lyon, France.,Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France
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Huang Y, Bornstein MM, Lambrichts I, Yu HY, Politis C, Jacobs R. Platelet-rich plasma for regeneration of neural feedback pathways around dental implants: a concise review and outlook on future possibilities. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:1-9. [PMID: 28282030 PMCID: PMC5379164 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth in patients with complete or partial edentulism. The importance of restoring the peripheral neural feedback pathway and thus repairing the lack of periodontal mechanoreceptors after tooth extraction has been highlighted in the literature. Nevertheless, regenerating the nerve fibers and reconstructing the neural feedback pathways around osseointegrated implants remain a challenge. Recent studies have provided evidence that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a promising treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. Because of its high biological safety, convenience and usability, PRP therapy has gradually gained popularity in the clinical field. Although much remains to be learned, the growth factors from PRP might play key roles in peripheral nerve repair mechanisms. This review presents known growth factors contributing to the biological efficacy of PRP and illustrates basic and (pre-)clinical evidence regarding the use of PRP and its relevant products in peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, the potential of local application of PRP for structural and functional recovery of injured peripheral nerves around dental implants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Section of Dental Radiology and Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Group of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hai-Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Constantinus Politis
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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