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Gautier T, Deckert V, Nguyen M, Desrumaux C, Masson D, Lagrost L. New therapeutic horizons for plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP): Targeting endotoxemia, infection and sepsis. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 236:108105. [PMID: 34974028 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP) transfers amphiphilic lipids between circulating lipoproteins and between lipoproteins, cells and tissues. Indeed, PLTP is a major determinant of the plasma levels, turnover and functionality of the main lipoprotein classes: very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). To date, most attention has been focused on the role of PLTP in the context of cardiometabolic diseases, with additional insights in neurodegenerative diseases and immunity. Importantly, beyond its influence on plasma triglyceride and cholesterol transport, PLTP plays a key role in the modulation of the immune response, with immediate relevance to a wide range of inflammatory diseases including bacterial infection and sepsis. Indeed, emerging evidence supports the role of PLTP, in the context of its association with lipoproteins, in the neutralization and clearance of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or endotoxins. LPS are amphipathic molecules originating from Gram-negative bacteria which harbor major pathogen-associated patterns, triggering an innate immune response in the host. Although the early inflammatory reaction constitutes a key step in the anti-microbial defense of the organism, it can lead to a dysregulated inflammatory response and to hemodynamic disorders, organ failure and eventually death. Moreover, and in addition to endotoxemia and acute inflammation, small amounts of LPS in the circulation can induce chronic, low-grade inflammation with long-term consequences in several metabolic disorders such as atherosclerosis, obesity and diabetes. After an updated overview of the role of PLTP in lipid transfer, lipoprotein metabolism and related diseases, current knowledge of its impact on inflammation, infection and sepsis is critically appraised. Finally, the relevance of PLTP as a new player and novel therapeutic target in the fight against inflammatory diseases is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gautier
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.
| | - Valérie Deckert
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Maxime Nguyen
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Service Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Sciences, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Masson
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Plateau Automatisé de Biochimie, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Service de la Recherche, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.
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Association between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP and Serum Lipid Traits in the Chinese Maonan and Han Populations. Genet Res (Camb) 2021; 2021:9925272. [PMID: 34385888 PMCID: PMC8328490 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9925272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) gene rs4810479 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid levels is largely unknown. This investigation aimed to evaluate the relationship between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP, several environmental risk factors, and serum lipid parameters in the Chinese Maonan and Han nationalities. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, gel electrophoresis, and direct sequencing were employed to determine the PLTP rs4810479 genotypes in 633 Maonan and 646 Han participants. The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes and the C allele were different between Maonan and Han groups (29.07%, 53.08%, 17.85%, and 55.61% vs. 35.60%, 49.70%, 14.70%, and 60.45%, respectively, P < 0.05). The C allele carriers in the Maonan group had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the C allele noncarriers, but this finding was only found in Maonan males but not in females. The C allele carriers in Han males had lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the C allele noncarriers. Serum lipid profiles were also affected by several traditional cardiovascular risk factors in both populations. There might be an ethnic- and/or sex-specific association between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP and serum lipid traits.
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Ronsein GE, Vaisar T, Davidson WS, Bornfeldt KE, Probstfield JL, O'Brien KD, Zhao XQ, Heinecke JW. Niacin Increases Atherogenic Proteins in High-Density Lipoprotein of Statin-Treated Subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2330-2341. [PMID: 34134520 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (W.S.D.)
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
| | - Jeffrey L Probstfield
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
| | - Kevin D O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
| | - Xue-Qiao Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (T.V., K.E.B., J.L.P., K.D.O., X.-Q.Z., J.W.H.)
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Jiang XC. Phospholipid transfer protein: its impact on lipoprotein homeostasis and atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:764-771. [PMID: 29438986 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r082503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is one of the major modulators of lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis development in humans; however, we still do not quite understand the mechanisms. In mouse models, PLTP overexpression induces atherosclerosis, while its deficiency reduces it. Thus, mouse models were used to explore the mechanisms. In this review, I summarize the major progress made in the PLTP research field and emphasize its impact on lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis, as well as its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY
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Liang J, Zhao T, Yang J, Li W, Zhang F, Zhang S, Huang Z, Lin R, Zhang X. MMP-9 gene polymorphisms (rs3918242, rs3918254 and rs4810482) and the risk of psoriasis vulgaris: No evidence for associations in a Chinese Han population. Immunol Lett 2015; 168:343-8. [PMID: 26554609 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Several previous studies including one of them co-authored by our group have revealed that serum and psoriatic plaque expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was significantly upregulated in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of MMP-9 (rs3918242, rs3918254 and rs4810482) with psoriasis vulgaris in a Chinese Han population. The serum levels of MMP-9 in 245 psoriasis vulgaris cases and 256 healthy controls were assessed using ELSA kits, and the three SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. Four haplotypes based on the three SNPs were also analyzed. Our study showed that the serum MMP-9 levels in patients with psoriasis vulgaris were significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.05). However, the three SNPs were not significantly associated with psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility (all P>0.05). Similar results were found in further subgroup analysis based on gender, age of onset, family history, and serum MMP-9 levels, except that a protective effect of psoriasis vulgaris was detected among female subjects with the CT genotype of rs3918254 (OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.23-0.96, P=0.038), but this association did not survive after Bonferroni correction (P(adj)=0.076). The haplotype analysis also failed to show any association with psoriasis vulgaris. We found no evidence for the association between the MMP-9 polymorphisms and psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Liang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Juan Yang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Sanquan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Zhenming Huang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Rihua Lin
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Xibao Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China; Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou 510095, PR China.
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Genome-wide association analyses based on whole-genome sequencing in Sardinia provide insights into regulation of hemoglobin levels. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1264-71. [PMID: 26366553 PMCID: PMC4627580 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report genome-wide association study results for the levels of A1, A2 and fetal hemoglobins, analyzed for the first time concurrently. Integrating high-density array genotyping and whole-genome sequencing in a large general population cohort from Sardinia, we detected 23 associations at 10 loci. Five signals are due to variants at previously undetected loci: MPHOSPH9, PLTP-PCIF1, ZFPM1 (FOG1), NFIX and CCND3. Among the signals at known loci, ten are new lead variants and four are new independent signals. Half of all variants also showed pleiotropic associations with different hemoglobins, which further corroborated some of the detected associations and identified features of coordinated hemoglobin species production.
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Kim DS, Burt AA, Ranchalis JE, Vuletic S, Vaisar T, Li WF, Rosenthal EA, Dong W, Eintracht JF, Motulsky AG, Brunzell JD, Albers JJ, Furlong CE, Jarvik GP. PLTP activity inversely correlates with CAAD: effects of PON1 enzyme activity and genetic variants on PLTP activity. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:1351-62. [PMID: 26009633 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p058032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have failed to demonstrate a causal cardioprotective effect of HDL cholesterol levels, shifting focus to the functional aspects of HDL. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is an HDL-associated protein involved in reverse cholesterol transport. This study sought to determine the genetic and nongenetic predictors of plasma PLTP activity (PLTPa), and separately, to determine whether PLTPa predicted carotid artery disease (CAAD). PLTPa was measured in 1,115 European ancestry participants from a case-control study of CAAD. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to elucidate the relationship between PLTPa and CAAD. Separately, a stepwise linear regression determined the nongenetic clinical and laboratory characteristics that best predicted PLTPa. A final stepwise regression considering both nongenetic and genetic variables identified the combination of covariates that explained maximal PLTPa variance. PLTPa was significantly associated with CAAD (7.90 × 10(-9)), with a 9% decrease in odds of CAAD per 1 unit increase in PLTPa (odds ratio = 0.91). Triglyceride levels (P = 0.0042), diabetes (P = 7.28 × 10(-5)), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity (P = 0.019), statin use (P = 0.026), PLTP SNP rs4810479 (P = 6.38 × 10(-7)), and PCIF1 SNP rs181914932 (P = 0.041) were all significantly associated with PLTPa. PLTPa is significantly inversely correlated with CAAD. Furthermore, we report a novel association between PLTPa and PON1 activity, a known predictor of CAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Seung Kim
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Amber A Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jane E Ranchalis
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Simona Vuletic
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Seattle, WA Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Wan-Fen Li
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Elisabeth A Rosenthal
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Weijiang Dong
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Seattle, WA Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason F Eintracht
- Department of General Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Arno G Motulsky
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - John D Brunzell
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - John J Albers
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Seattle, WA Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Clement E Furlong
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Zhang K, Liu X, Yu Y, Luo T, Wang L, Ge C, Liu X, Song J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Qin S, Zhang M. Phospholipid transfer protein destabilizes mouse atherosclerotic plaque. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2537-44. [PMID: 25324570 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) accelerates the development of atherosclerosis in mouse models. We examined the role of PLTP in atherosclerotic plaque stability. APPROACH AND RESULTS We prepared apolipoprotein E and PLTP double-knockout (PLTP(-/-)ApoE(-/-)) mice. PLTP deficiency significantly decreased lesion size and reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration, as well as macrophage apoptosis in lesion areas. Moreover, it increased fibrous content in plaques, which suggests that PLTP may affect atherosclerotic plaque stability. Importantly, PLTP overexpression mediated by adenovirus had the reverse effect. It promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in macrophages, which could lead to cell apoptosis and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. PLTP overexpression could promote receptor-interacting protein 3 recruitment of macrophages in cytoplasm, which could induce reactive oxygen species, thus inducing atherogenesis. CONCLUSIONS PLTP plays an important role in modulating the stability of atherosclerotic plaques. The receptor-interacting protein 3- reactive oxygen species signal pathway could be involved in this PLTP-mediated process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Yang Yu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Tian Luo
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Lin Wang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Chen Ge
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xinxin Liu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Jiantao Song
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xiancheng Jiang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Yun Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Shucun Qin
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Mei Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.).
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Liu K, Chen LJ, Lai TYY, Tam POS, Ho M, Chiang SWY, Liu DTL, Young AL, Yang Z, Pang CP. Genes in the high-density lipoprotein metabolic pathway in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Ophthalmology 2014; 121:911-6. [PMID: 24393350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations of genetic variants in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism pathway with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). DESIGN Cross-sectional, case-control association study. PARTICIPANTS A Chinese case-control group of 200 neovascular AMD patients, 233 PCV patients, and 275 control subjects. METHODS Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 6 genes of the HDL metabolism pathway and 2 known AMD-associated SNPs, rs800292 (from complement factor H [CFH]) and rs11200638 (from HtrA serine peptidase 1 [HTRA1]), were genotyped in all study subjects using the TaqMan genotyping technology (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Allele and genotypic frequencies of selected SNPs. RESULTS The SNP rs3764261 in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene was associated significantly with neovascular AMD (P = 1.82×10(-4); odds ratio [OR], 1.89) and PCV (P = 4.04×10(-4); OR, 1.80). The associations remained significant after adjusting for the CFH SNP rs800292 and the HTRA1 SNP rs11200638. A significant interaction between the CETP SNP rs3764261 and the CFH SNP rs800292 existed in both neovascular AMD and PCV, the rs800292 G allele conferring a significantly increased risk of the diseases only in individuals carrying the risk allele T of rs3764261. A borderline association was detected between the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 1 (ABCG1) gene SNP rs57137919 and PCV (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that CETP is a susceptibility gene for neovascular AMD and PCV and that ABCG1 a putative gene for PCV. CETP exerts a modifying effect on CFH in the genetic risk. Our data suggest a link of the HDL metabolism pathway with neovascular AMD and PCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pancy O S Tam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mary Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sylvia W Y Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David T L Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alvin L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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van Capelleveen JC, Bochem AE, Motazacker MM, Hovingh GK, Kastelein JJP. Genetics of HDL-C: a causal link to atherosclerosis? Curr Atheroscler Rep 2013; 15:326. [PMID: 23591671 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-013-0326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prospective epidemiological studies have consistently reported an inverse association between HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, large intervention trials on HDL-C-increasing drugs and recent Mendelian randomization studies have questioned a causal relationship between HDL-C and atherosclerosis. HDL-C levels have been shown to be highly heritable, and the combination of HDL-C-associated SNPs in recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) only explains a small proportion of this heritability. As a large part of our current understanding of HDL metabolism comes from genetic studies, further insights in this research field may aid us in elucidating HDL functionality in relation to CVD risk. In this review we focus on the question of whether genetically defined HDL-C levels are associated with risk of atherosclerosis. We also discuss the latest insights for HDL-C-associated genes and recent GWAS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C van Capelleveen
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Phospholipid transfer protein, an emerging cardiometabolic risk marker: Is it time to intervene? Atherosclerosis 2013; 228:38-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Elevated expression of PLTP is atherogenic in apolipoprotein E deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2012; 227:37-42. [PMID: 23313246 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) plays a key role in lipoprotein metabolism. Its exact function in the development of atherosclerosis is still under debate however. We studied the effect of elevated PLTP expression in one of the most commonly used models of atherosclerosis, the ApoE deficient mouse. METHODS Experiment 1: Plasma PLTP activity, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and atherosclerosis development was measured in ApoE deficient mice with or without elevated expression of PLTP. Experiment 2: The same parameters were measured in ApoE deficient mice after bone marrow transplantation from wild type mice or mice with elevated PLTP expression. Experiment 3: Similar to experiment 2, but using donor mice with an ApoE deficient background. RESULTS Experiment 1: ApoE deficient mice have more than two times more atherosclerosis when overexpressing PLTP and a strongly decreased plasma level of HDL. Experiment 2: Bone marrow transplantation with ApoE proficient cells results in a strong reduction of plasma cholesterol in ApoE deficient acceptor mice. Still, elevated PLTP in bone marrow derived cells evoke a reduction of HDL cholesterol and increased atherosclerosis. Experiment 3: Bone marrow transplantation with ApoE deficient cells results in much higher cholesterol levels, but here too HDL cholesterol levels are reduced and atherosclerosis increased. CONCLUSION In all the models with ApoE deficiency, elevated PLTP expression causes higher levels of diet-induced atherosclerosis coinciding with decreased plasma levels of HDL cholesterol.
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13
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Parra ES, Panzoldo NB, Kaplan D, de Oliveira HCF, dos Santos JE, de Carvalho LSF, Sposito AC, Gidlund M, Nakamura RT, de Souza Zago VH, Nakandakare ER, Quintão ECR, de Faria EC. The I405V and Taq1B polymorphisms of the CETP gene differentially affect sub-clinical carotid atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:130. [PMID: 23039379 PMCID: PMC3503625 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a major role in lipid metabolism, but studies on the association of CETP polymorphisms with risks of cardiovascular disease are inconsistent. This study investigated whether the CETP gene I405V and Taq1B polymorphisms modified subclinical atherosclerosis in an asymptomatic Brazilian population sample. Methods The polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction in 207 adult volunteers. Serum lipid profiles, oxLDL Ab titers, C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations and CETP and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) activities were determined, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured using ultrasonography. Results No differences in cIMT were observed between the presence or absence of the minor B2 and V alleles in either polymorphism. However, inverse correlations between mean cIMT and CETP activity in the presence of these polymorphisms were observed, and positive correlations of these polymorphisms with PLTP activity and oxLDL Ab titers were identified. Moreover, logistic multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of the B2 allele was associated with a 5.1-fold (CI 95%, OR: 1.26 – 21.06) increased risk for cIMT, which was equal and above the 66th percentile and positively interacted with age. However, no associations with the V allele or CETP and PLTP activities were observed. Conclusions None of the studied parameters, including CETP activity, explained the different relationships between these polymorphisms and cIMT, suggesting that other non-determined factors were affected by the genotypes and related to carotid atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Soler Parra
- Lipids Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Rua 5 de Junho, 350, Campinas, SP 13083-877, Brazil
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14
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Dullaart RPF, Vergeer M, de Vries R, Kappelle PJWH, Dallinga-Thie GM. Type 2 diabetes mellitus interacts with obesity and common variations in PLTP to affect plasma phospholipid transfer protein activity. J Intern Med 2012; 271:490-8. [PMID: 21973210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is an emerging cardiometabolic risk marker that is important in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride metabolism. Plasma PLTP activity is elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas glucose may regulate PLTP gene transcription in vitro. Of interest, common PLTP variations that predict cardiovascular disease have been identified recently. We investigated whether the diabetic state is able to amplify relationships between obesity and PLTP gene variations with circulating PLTP levels. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Plasma PLTP activity (using a phospholipid vesicles-HDL system), PLTP gene score [number of PLTP activity-decreasing alleles based on two tagging polymorphisms (rs378114 and rs60- 65904)] and waist circumference were determined in two Dutch cohorts comprising 237 patients with type 2 diabetes and 78 control subjects. RESULTS Patients with diabetes were more obese (P < 0.001 for prevalence of increased waist circumference) and had 13% higher plasma PLTP activity (P < 0.001). PLTP gene score was not different in diabetic and control subjects (P = 0.40). PLTP activity was highest in patients with diabetes with an enlarged waist and lowest in control subjects with a normal waist circumference (P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a positive interaction between diabetes status and waist circumference on PLTP activity (β = 0.200, P = 0.005). Furthermore, diabetes status (β = -0.485, P = 0.046) or HbA1c (β = -0.240, P = 0.035) interacted with PLTP gene score to affect PLTP activity. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes and enlarged waist circumference interact to impact on plasma PLTP activity. Diabetes may also amplify the association between plasma PLTP activity and common PLTP gene variations. Our findings support the hypothesis that diabetes-environment and diabetes-gene interactions govern plasma PLTP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Besler C, Lüscher TF, Landmesser U. Molecular mechanisms of vascular effects of High-density lipoprotein: alterations in cardiovascular disease. EMBO Mol Med 2012; 4:251-68. [PMID: 22431312 PMCID: PMC3376856 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction, which has triggered the hypothesis that HDL, in contrast to low-density lipoprotein (LDL), acts as an anti-atherogenic lipoprotein. Moreover, experimental studies have identified potential anti-atherogenic properties of HDL, including promotion of macrophage cholesterol efflux and direct endothelial-protective effects of HDL, such as stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide production and repair, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties. Studies in gene-targeted mice, however, have also indicated that increasing HDL-cholesterol plasma levels can either limit (e.g. apolipoprotein A-I) or accelerate (e.g. Scavenger receptor class B type I) atherosclerosis. Moreover, vascular effects of HDL have been observed to be heterogenous and are altered in patients with CAD or diabetes, a condition that has been termed 'HDL dysfunction'. These alterations in biological functions of HDL may need to be taken into account for HDL-targeted therapies and considering raising of HDL-cholesterol levels alone is likely not sufficient in this respect. It will therefore be important to further determine, which biological functions of HDL are critical for its anti-atherosclerotic properties, as well as how these can be measured and targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Besler
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Rosenthal EA, Ronald J, Rothstein J, Rajagopalan R, Ranchalis J, Wolfbauer G, Albers JJ, Brunzell JD, Motulsky AG, Rieder MJ, Nickerson DA, Wijsman EM, Jarvik GP. Linkage and association of phospholipid transfer protein activity to LASS4. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:1837-46. [PMID: 21757428 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p016576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein activity (PLTPa) is associated with insulin levels and has been implicated in atherosclerotic disease in both mice and humans. Variation at the PLTP structural locus on chromosome 20 explains some, but not all, heritable variation in PLTPa. In order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) elsewhere in the genome that affect PLTPa, we performed both oligogenic and single QTL linkage analysis on four large families (n = 227 with phenotype, n = 330 with genotype, n = 462 total), ascertained for familial combined hyperlipidemia. We detected evidence of linkage between PLTPa and chromosome 19p (lod = 3.2) for a single family and chromosome 2q (lod = 2.8) for all families. Inclusion of additional marker and exome sequence data in the analysis refined the linkage signal on chromosome 19 and implicated coding variation in LASS4, a gene regulated by leptin that is involved in ceramide synthesis. Association between PLTPa and LASS4 variation was replicated in the other three families (P = 0.02), adjusting for pedigree structure. To our knowledge, this is the first example for which exome data was used in families to identify a complex QTL that is not the structural locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Rosenthal
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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de Vries R, Kappelle PJ, Dallinga-Thie GM, Dullaart RP. Plasma phospholipid transfer protein activity is independently determined by obesity and insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects. Atherosclerosis 2011; 217:253-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Albers JJ, Vuletic S, Cheung MC. Role of plasma phospholipid transfer protein in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1821:345-57. [PMID: 21736953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological role of PLTP has greatly increased since the discovery of PLTP more than a quarter of century ago. A comprehensive review of PLTP is presented on the following topics: PLTP gene organization and structure; PLTP transfer properties; different forms of PLTP; characteristics of plasma PLTP complexes; relationship of plasma PLTP activity, mass and specific activity with lipoprotein and metabolic factors; role of PLTP in lipoprotein metabolism; PLTP and reverse cholesterol transport; insights from studies of PLTP variants; insights of PLTP from animal studies; PLTP and atherosclerosis; PLTP and signal transduction; PLTP in the brain; and PLTP in human disease. PLTP's central role in lipoprotein metabolism and lipid transport in the vascular compartment has been firmly established. However, more studies are needed to further delineate PLTP's functions in specific tissues, such as the lung, brain and adipose tissue. Furthermore, the specific role that PLTP plays in human diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, or neurodegenerative disease, remains to be clarified. Exciting directions for future research include evaluation of PLTP's physiological relevance in intracellular lipid metabolism and signal transduction, which undoubtedly will advance our knowledge of PLTP functions in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in High Density Lipoprotein Formation and Metabolism: A Tribute to John F. Oram (1945-2010).
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Albers
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 401 Queen Anne Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Albers JJ, Day JR, Wolfbauer G, Kennedy H, Vuletic S, Cheung MC. Impact of site-specific N-glycosylation on cellular secretion, activity and specific activity of the plasma phospholipid transfer protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:908-11. [PMID: 21515415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) plays a key role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. It has six potential N-glycosylation sites. To study the impact of these sites on PLTP secretion and activity, six variants containing serine to alanine point mutations were prepared by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in Chinese hamster ovary Flp-In cells. The apparent size of each of the six PLTP mutants was slightly less than that of wild type by Western blot, indicating that all six sites are glycosylated or utilized. The size of the carbohydrate at each N-glycosylation site ranged from 3.14 to 4.2kDa. The effect of site-specific N-glycosylation removal on PLTP secretion varied from a modest enhancement (15% and 60%), or essentially no effect, to a reduction in secretion (8%, 14% and 32%). Removal of N-glycosylation at any one of the six glycosylation sites resulted in a significant 35-78% decrease in PLTP activity, and a significant 29-80% decrease in PLTP specific activity compared to wild type. These data indicate that although no single N-linked carbohydrate chain is a requirement for secretion or activity, the removal of the carbohydrate chains had a quantitative impact on cellular secretion of PLTP and its phospholipid transfer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Albers
- Northwest Lipid Metrobolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109-4517, USA.
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Masson D, Deckert V, Gautier T, Klein A, Desrumaux C, Viglietta C, Pais de Barros JP, Le Guern N, Grober J, Labbé J, Ménétrier F, Ripoll PJ, Leroux-Coyau M, Jolivet G, Houdebine LM, Lagrost L. Worsening of diet-induced atherosclerosis in a new model of transgenic rabbit expressing the human plasma phospholipid transfer protein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:766-74. [PMID: 21252068 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.215756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is involved in intravascular lipoprotein metabolism. PLTP is known to act through 2 main mechanisms: by remodeling high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and by increasing apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to generate a new model of human PLTP transgenic (HuPLTPTg) rabbit and to determine whether PLTP expression modulates atherosclerosis in this species that, unlike humans and mice, displays naturally very low PLTP activity. METHODS AND RESULTS In HuPLTPTg rabbits, the human PLTP cDNA was placed under the control of the human eF1-α gene promoter, resulting in a widespread tissue expression pattern and in increased plasma PLTP. The HuPLTPTg rabbits showed a significant increase in the cholesterol content of the plasma apoB-containing lipoprotein fractions, with a more severe trait when animals were fed a cholesterol-rich diet. In contrast, HDL cholesterol level was not modified in HuPLTPTg rabbits. Formation of aortic fatty streaks was increased in hypercholesterolemic HuPLTPTg animals as compared with nontransgenic littermates. CONCLUSIONS Human PLTP expression in HuPLTPTg rabbit worsens atherosclerosis as a result of increased levels of atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins but not of alterations in their antioxidative protection or in cholesterol content of plasma HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Masson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Bourgogne, UMR866, Dijon, France
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Lagor
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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22
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Johansen CT, Kathiresan S, Hegele RA. Genetic determinants of plasma triglycerides. J Lipid Res 2010; 52:189-206. [PMID: 21041806 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r009720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration is reemerging as an important cardiovascular disease risk factor. More complete understanding of the genes and variants that modulate plasma TG should enable development of markers for risk prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapies and might help specify new directions for therapeutic interventions. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified both known and novel loci associated with plasma TG concentration. However, genetic variation at these loci explains only ∼10% of overall TG variation within the population. As the GWAS approach may be reaching its limit for discovering genetic determinants of TG, alternative genetic strategies, such as rare variant sequencing studies and evaluation of animal models, may provide complementary information to flesh out knowledge of clinically and biologically important pathways in TG metabolism. Herein, we review genes recently implicated in TG metabolism and describe how some of these genes likely modulate plasma TG concentration. We also discuss lessons regarding plasma TG metabolism learned from various genomic and genetic experimental approaches. Treatment of patients with moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia with existing therapies is often challenging; thus, gene products and pathways found in recent genetic research studies provide hope for development of more effective clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Johansen
- Department of Biochemistry, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5K8, Canada
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Desrumaux C, Deckert V, Lemaire-Ewing S, Mossiat C, Athias A, Vandroux D, Dumont L, Monier S, Pais de Barros JP, Klein A, De Maistre E, Blache D, Beley A, Marie C, Garnier P, Lagrost L. Plasma phospholipid transfer protein deficiency in mice is associated with a reduced thrombotic response to acute intravascular oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:2452-7. [PMID: 20864671 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.207654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Earlier in vitro studies suggested a putative role for the plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) in the modulation of blood coagulation. The effect of PLTP expression on blood coagulation under both basal and oxidative stress conditions was compared here in wild-type and PLTP-deficient (PLTP-/-) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Under basal conditions, PLTP deficiency was associated with an extended tail bleeding time despite a significant depletion of vascular α-tocopherol content and an impairment of endothelial function. When acute oxidative stress was generated in vivo in the brain vasculature, the steady state levels of oxidized lipid derivatives, the extent of blood vessel occlusion, and the volume of ischemic lesions were more severe in wild-type than in PLTP-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS In addition to its recognized hyperlipidemic, proinflammatory, and proatherogenic properties, PLTP increases blood coagulation and worsens the extent of ischemic lesions in response to acute oxidative stress. Thus, PLTP arises here as a cardiovascular risk factor for the late thrombotic events occurring in the acute phase of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Desrumaux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR866, Dijon, France
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Yan KP, Zhu HL, Dan N, Chen C. An Improved Method for the Separation and Quantification of Major Phospholipid Classes by LC-ELSD. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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