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Oğlak SC. Bioinformatics analysis in obstetrics and gynaecology. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2024; 44:2357517. [PMID: 38790082 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2024.2357517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Cemil Oğlak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Liu Y, Ni F, Huang J, Hu Y, Wang J, Wang X, Du X, Jiang H. PPAR-α inhibits DHEA-induced ferroptosis in granulosa cells through upregulation of FADS2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 715:150005. [PMID: 38678785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, is characterized by disturbances in hormone levels and ovarian dysfunction. Ferroptosis, a unique form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Emerging evidence indicates that ferroptosis may have a significant role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, highlighting the importance of studying this mechanism to better understand the disorder and potentially develop novel therapeutic interventions. METHODS To create an in vivo PCOS model, mice were injected with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and the success of the model was confirmed through further assessments. Ferroptosis levels were evaluated through detecting ferroptosis-related indicators. Ferroptosis-related genes were found through bioinformatic analysis and identified by experiments. An in vitro PCOS model was also established using DHEA treated KGN cells. The molecular binding relationship was confirmed using a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. RESULTS In PCOS model, various ferroptosis-related indicators such as MDA, Fe2+, and lipid ROS showed an increase, while GSH, GPX4, and TFR1 exhibited a decrease. These findings indicate an elevated level of ferroptosis in the PCOS model. The ferroptosis-related gene FADS2 was identified and validated. FADS2 and PPAR-α were shown to be highly expressed in ovarian tissue and primary granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS mice. Furthermore, the overexpression of both FADS2 and PPAR-α in KGN cells effectively suppressed the DHEA-induced increase in ferroptosis-related indicators (MDA, Fe2+, and lipid ROS) and the decrease in GSH, GPX4, and TFR1 levels. The ferroptosis agonist erastin reversed the suppressive effect, suggesting the involvement of ferroptosis in this process. Additionally, the FADS2 inhibitor SC26196 was found to inhibit the effect of PPAR-α on ferroptosis. Moreover, the binding of PPAR-α to the FADS2 promoter region was predicted and confirmed. This indicates the regulatory relationship between PPAR-α and FADS2 in the context of ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that PPAR-α may have an inhibitory effect on DHEA-induced ferroptosis in GCs by enhancing the expression of FADS2. This discovery provides valuable insights into the pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Feng Ni
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yuqin Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xin Du
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, The 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Hefei, 230031, China.
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Kuai D, Tang Q, Wang X, Yan Q, Tian W, Zhang H. Relationship between serum apelin, visfatin levels, and body composition in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome patients. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 297:24-29. [PMID: 38555852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between body composition and serum visfatin and apelin levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS In this prospective observational study, the differences in body composition, levels of gonadal hormone concentrations, glucose metabolism, apelin, and visfatin were compared between PCOS patients and the control group. PCOS patients were further divided into different subgroups according to different obesity criteria and the differences between serum visfatin and apelin levels in different subgroups were compared. Finally, the correlation of serum visfatin levels and apelin levels with body composition, and metabolism-related indicators in PCOS patients was explored. RESULTS A total collected 178 cases of PCOS patients and 172 cases of healthy women (control group) between 2020 July and 2021 November. In PCOS patients, their weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Hip Rate (WHR), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), Percent Body Fat (PBF), Fat mass index (FMI), PBF of Arm, PBF of Leg, PBF of the Trunk, Visceral Fat Level (VFL), fasting insulin (FINS), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly higher than in the control group (all P < 0.001), Percent Skeletal Muscle (PSM), PSM of Leg, and PSM of the Trunk were significantly decreased than in the control group (all P < 0.001). The PCOS patients had significantly higher serum visfatin levels and apelin levels compared with the control group (all P < 0.001). In PBF > 35 % PCOS patients, the apelin and visfatin levels were significantly higher than the PBF ≤ 35 % PCOS patients. In WHR ≥ 0.85 and BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 PCOS patients, the visfatin levels were significantly higher than the WHR < 0.85 and BMI < 24 kg/m2 PCOS patients. Serum apelin and visfatin positively correlated with BMI level, WHR, FFMI, PBF, FMI, PBF of arms, PBF of legs, PBF of the trunk, VFL, FBG, HOMA-IR index and negatively correlated with PSM, PSM of legs, and PSM of the trunk (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compared with healthy women, Patients with PCOS have an increased fat content in various parts of the body, reduced skeletal muscle content, and are often complicated by metabolic abnormalities. Serum visfatin and apelin correlated not only with obesity, fat mass, and fat distribution but also with muscle mass and distribution. It may be possible to reduce the long-term risk of metabolic disease in PCOS through the monitoring and management of the body composition in PCOS patients or to reflect the therapeutic effect of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Kuai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qingtao Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wenyan Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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Li YY, Peng YQ, Yang YX, Shi TJ, Liu RX, Luan YY, Yin CH. Baicalein improves the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome by mitigating oxidative stress and ferroptosis in the ovary and gravid placenta. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155423. [PMID: 38518646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome is a metabolic and hormonal disorder that is closely linked to oxidative stress. Within individuals diagnosed with PCOS, changes occur in the ovaries, resulting in an excessive buildup of iron and peroxidation of lipids, both of which may be associated with the occurrence of ferroptosis. Baicalein, a flavonoid found in the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and widely known as Chinese skullcap, is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptotic properties, which protect against various diseases. Nevertheless, there has been no investigation into the impact of baicalein on polycystic ovary syndrome. PURPOSE This study aimed to correlate ferroptosis with polycystic ovary syndrome and to assess the effects of baicalein on ovarian dysfunction and placental development in pregnant patients. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Polycystic ovary syndrome was induced in a rat model through the administration of dehydroepiandrosterone, and these rats were treated with baicalein. Oxidative stress and inflammation levels were assessed in serum and ovaries, and tissue samples were collected for histological and protein analyses. Furthermore, different groups of female rats were mated with male rats to observe pregnancy outcomes and tissue samples were obtained for histological, protein, and RNA sequencing. Then, RNA sequencing of the placenta was performed to determine the key genes involved in ferroptosis negative regulation (FNR) signatures. RESULTS Baicalein was shown to reduce ovarian oxidative stress and pathology. Baicalein also ameliorated polycystic ovary syndrome by decreasing lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation and modulating mitochondrial functions and ferroptosis in the ovaries. Specifically, glutathione peroxidase and ferritin heavy chain 1 were considerably downregulated in polycystic ovary syndrome gravid rats compared to their expression in the control group, and most of these differences were reversed after baicalein intervention. CONCLUSIONS Our findings, initially, indicated that baicalein could potentially enhance the prognosis of individuals suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome by reducing oxidative stress and ferroptosis, thus potentially influencing the formulation of a therapeutic approach to address this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yi-Qiu Peng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yu-Xi Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ting-Juan Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Rui-Xia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ying-Yi Luan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China.
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China.
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Hasegawa Y, Kitahara Y, Kobayashi M, Miida M, Nenoi H, Tsukui Y, Iizuka M, Hiraishi H, Nakazato S, Iwase A. Impact of the difference in diagnostic criteria for adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome excluding polycystic ovarian morphology. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024. [PMID: 38806170 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM Exclusion of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) from the diagnostic criteria for adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been proposed. We analyzed the profiles of adolescent women with suspected PCOS based on the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) diagnostic and Rotterdam criteria, excluding those with PCOM. METHODS Thirteen- to twenty-one-year-old women with suspected or confirmed diagnosis of PCOS according to the JSOG and Rotterdam criteria were included in this study. Patient characteristics such as hormone levels and body mass index (BMI) were compared between the groups. Correlations between BMI and testosterone, and BMI and time to diagnosis were also analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with adolescent PCOS according to the JSOG criteria, and 11 patients according to the Rotterdam criteria after excluding the patients fulfilling the PCOM criteria. Serum testosterone levels were significantly higher in adolescents diagnosed with PCOS using the Rotterdam criteria than in those diagnosed using the JSOG criteria (p < 0.001). The obese group had significantly higher testosterone levels and a longer time from menarche to PCOS diagnosis. A positive correlation was observed between BMI and testosterone levels (r = 0.318, p = 0.014). CONCLUSION Although adolescents with PCOS diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria exhibited higher testosterone levels, which is a typical characteristic of this condition, the JSOG criteria may be useful for the early diagnosis of adolescent PCOS, including suspected cases. The differences between the two criteria may reflect the natural history of PCOS and its different reproductive and metabolic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mio Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Miki Miida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nenoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yumiko Tsukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Madoka Iizuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hiraishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoko Nakazato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akira Iwase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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van der Ham K, Moolhuijsen LME, Brewer K, Sisk R, Dunaif A, Laven JSE, Louwers YV, Visser JA. Clustering Identifies Subtypes With Different Phenotypic Characteristics in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae298. [PMID: 38753423 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hierarchical clustering (HC) identifies subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to identify clinically significant subtypes in a PCOS cohort diagnosed with the Rotterdam criteria and to further characterize the distinct subtypes. METHODS Clustering was performed using the variables body mass index (BMI), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, insulin, and glucose. Subtype characterization was performed by analyzing the variables estradiol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), total follicle count (TFC), lipid profile, and blood pressure. Study participants were girls and women who attended our university hospital for reproductive endocrinology screening between February 1993 and February 2021. In total, 2502 female participants of European ancestry, aged 13 to 45 years with PCOS (according to the Rotterdam criteria), were included. A subset of these (n = 1067) fulfilled the National Institutes of Health criteria (ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism). Main outcome measures included the identification of distinct PCOS subtypes using cluster analysis. Additional clinical variables associated with these subtypes were assessed. RESULTS Metabolic, reproductive, and background PCOS subtypes were identified. In addition to high LH and SHBG levels, the reproductive subtype had the highest TFC and levels of AMH (all P < .001). In addition to high BMI and insulin levels, the metabolic subtype had higher low-density lipoprotein levels and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (all P < .001). The background subtype had lower androstenedione levels and features of the other 2 subtypes. CONCLUSION Reproductive and metabolic traits not used for subtyping differed significantly in the subtypes. These findings suggest that the subtypes capture distinct PCOS causal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim van der Ham
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes M E Moolhuijsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly Brewer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ryan Sisk
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrea Dunaif
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne V Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Chen W, Liao B, Yun C, Zhao M, Pang Y. Interlukin-22 improves ovarian function in polycystic ovary syndrome independent of metabolic regulation: a mouse-based experimental study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:100. [PMID: 38734641 PMCID: PMC11088773 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disorder with multiple metabolic abnormalities. Most PCOS patients have concomitant metabolic syndromes such as insulin resistance and obesity, which often lead to the development of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease with serious consequences. Current treatment of PCOS with symptomatic treatments such as hormone replacement, which has many side effects. Research on its origin and pathogenesis is urgently needed. Although improving the metabolic status of the body can alleviate reproductive function in some patients, there is still a subset of patients with metabolically normal PCOS that lacks therapeutic tools to address ovarian etiology. METHODS The effect of IL-22 on PCOS ovarian function was verified in a non-metabolic PCOS mouse model induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and rosiglitazone, as well as granulosa cell -specific STAT3 knockout (Fshrcre+Stat3f/f) mice (10 groups totally and n = 5 per group). Mice were maintained under controlled temperature and lighting conditions with free access to food and water in a specific pathogen-free (SPF) facility. Secondary follicles separated from Fshrcre+Stat3f/f mice were cultured in vitro with DHEA to mimic the hyperandrogenic environment in PCOS ovaries (4 groups and n = 7 per group) and then were treated with IL-22 to investigate the specific role of IL-22 on ovarian function. RESULTS We developed a non-metabolic mice model with rosiglitazone superimposed on DHEA. This model has normal metabolic function as evidenced by normal glucose tolerance without insulin resistance and PCOS-like ovarian function as evidenced by irregular estrous cycle, polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), abnormalities in sex hormone level. Supplementation with IL-22 improved these ovarian functions in non-metabolic PCOS mice. Application of DHEA in an in vitro follicular culture system to simulate PCOS follicular developmental block and ovulation impairment. Follicles from Fshrcre+Stat3f/f did not show improvement in POCS follicle development with the addition of IL-22. In DHEA-induced PCOS mice, selective ablation of STAT3 in granulosa cells significantly reversed the ameliorative effect of IL-22 on ovarian function. CONCLUSION IL-22 can improve non-metabolic PCOS mice ovarian function. Granulosa cells deficient in STAT3 reverses the role of IL-22 in alleviating ovary dysfunction in non-metabolic PCOS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Baoying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
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Zhao Y, Pang J, Fang X, Yan Z, Yang H, Deng Q, Ma T, Lv M, Li Y, Tu Z, Zou L. Causal relationships between modifiable risk factors and polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1348368. [PMID: 38779450 PMCID: PMC11109383 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1348368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a heritable condition with an as yet unclear etiology. Various factors, such as genetics, lifestyle, environment, inflammation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, iron metabolism, and gut microbiota, have been proposed as potential contributors to PCOS. Nevertheless, a systematic assessment of modifiable risk factors and their causal effects on PCOS is lacking. This study aims to establish a comprehensive profile of modifiable risk factors for PCOS by utilizing a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. Methods After identifying over 400 modifiable risk factors, we employed a two-sample MR approach, including the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method, Weighted Median method, and MR-Egger, to investigate their causal associations with PCOS. The reliability of our estimates underwent rigorous examination through sensitivity analyses, encompassing Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, leave-one-out analysis, and funnel plots. Results We discovered that factors such as smoking per day, smoking initiation, body mass index, basal metabolic rate, waist-to-hip ratio, whole body fat mass, trunk fat mass, overall health rating, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) in blood, monounsaturated fatty acids, other polyunsaturated fatty acids apart from 18:2 in blood, omega-3 fatty acids, ratio of bisallylic groups to double bonds, omega-9 and saturated fatty acids, total lipids in medium VLDL, phospholipids in medium VLDL, phospholipids in very large HDL, triglycerides in very large HDL, the genus Oscillibacter, the genus Alistipes, the genus Ruminiclostridium 9, the class Mollicutes, and the phylum Tenericutes, showed a significant effect on heightening genetic susceptibility of PCOS. In contrast, factors including fasting insulin interaction with body mass index, sex hormone-binding globulin, iron, ferritin, SDF1a, college or university degree, years of schooling, household income, the genus Enterorhabdus, the family Bifidobacteriaceae, the order Bifidobacteriales, the class Actinobacteria, and the phylum Actinobacteria were determined to reduce risk of PCOS. Conclusion This study innovatively employs the MR method to assess causal relationships between 400 modifiable risk factors and the susceptibility of PCOS risk. It supports causal links between factors like smoking, BMI, and various blood lipid levels and PCOS. These findings offer novel insights into potential strategies for the management and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinglin Pang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xingyi Fang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhaohua Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haili Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tianzhong Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mengqi Lv
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ziying Tu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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9
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Miao H, Yang H, Yin M, Wang Y, Fang Y, Yang M, Zou J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Yu Y, Wei D. Menstrual abnormalities effects on clinical features and in vitro fertilization pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2024; 4:100332. [PMID: 38584798 PMCID: PMC10997835 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2024.100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic criteria and phenotypes in polycystic ovary syndrome are heterogeneous. Currently, it is unclear how to assess a patient's prognosis based on the onset time of menstruation disturbance. Evidence on this topic is scarce and has mainly focused on menstrual patterns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association between the onset time of menstrual disturbance and clinical features and in vitro fertilization pregnancy outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. STUDY DESIGN Our study was a secondary analysis of data collected as part of a randomized controlled trial conducted to compare live birth rates between fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer in 1508 individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome. Here, 1500 participants were classified into 2 groups according to the onset time of menstrual disturbance: immediately after menarche (early group) and after at least 1 year of regular menstruation (late group). We compared the prepregnancy clinical features, variables of ovarian stimulation, pregnancy outcomes after the initial cycle of embryo transfer, and perinatal and neonatal complications in the 2 groups. RESULTS Compared with the late group, the early group had more antral follicles (32.00 [range, 27.25-39.50] vs 28.00 [range, 24.00-36.00]; P<.001), an elevated level of antimüllerian hormone (7.02 ng/mL [range, 3.60-11.47] vs 5.66 ng/mL [range, 3.65-8.92]; P=.024), a higher level of baseline luteinizing hormone (10.01±5.93 vs 8.51±5.53 IU/l; P<.001) and luteinizing hormone-to-follicle-stimulating hormone ratio (1.51 [range, 1.00-2.32] vs 1.45 [range, 0.92-2.13]; P<.001), lower levels of fasting glucose (5.47 mmol/L [range, 5.11-5.73] vs 5.50 mmol/L [range, 5.17-5.76]; P<.001), and insulin at 2 hours after 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (56.85 µU/mL [range, 34.63-94.54] vs 59.82 µU/mL [range, 33.56-94.67]; P=.027), a higher level of high-density lipoprotein (1.26 mmol/L [range, 1.04-1.37] vs 1.21 mmol/L [range, 1.07-1.45]; P=.006). During in vitro fertilization, the early group had a higher level of peak estradiol (4596.50 pg/mL [range, 2639.25-6321.00] vs 3954.00 pg/mL [range, 2378.75-6113.50]; P=.013), and luteinizing hormone (2.52 IU/L [range, 1.40-4.21] vs 1.93 IU/L [range, 0.91-3.32]; P=.010) on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin trigger. There was no statistically significant difference observed in the number of oocytes and embryos, the rates of pregnancy and live birth, and the risks of obstetrical and neonatal between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION An early onset of menstrual disturbance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome may be associated with slightly more severe reproductive features and slightly milder metabolic features. Nonetheless, the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and the initial cycle of embryo transfer were comparable between the 2 groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhe Miao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Huiming Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Mengfei Yin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Yuan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Min Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Jialin Zou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Chendan Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Yue Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
| | - Ze Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
| | - Yunhai Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Dr Yu)
| | - Daimin Wei
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, Z Wang, and Wei)
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China (Drs Miao, H Yang, Yin, Yi Wang, Fang, M Yang, Zou, W Zhang, L Zhang, Liu, Yu Wang, and Wei)
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10
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Goldberg A, Graca S, Liu J, Rao V, Witchel SF, Pena A, Li R, Mousa A, Tay CT, Pattuwage L, Teede H, Yildiz BO, Ee C. Anti-obesity pharmacological agents for polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform the 2023 international evidence-based guideline. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13704. [PMID: 38355887 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of anti-obesity agents for hormonal, reproductive, metabolic, and psychological outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to inform the 2023 update of the International Evidence-based Guideline on PCOS. We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL until July 2022 with a 10-year limit to focus on newer agents. Eleven trials (545 and 451 participants in intervention and control arms respectively, 12 comparisons) were included. On descriptive analyses, most agents improved anthropometric outcomes; liraglutide, semaglutide and orlistat appeared superior to placebo for anthropometric outcomes. Meta-analyses were possible for two comparisons (exenatide vs. metformin and orlistat + combined oral contraceptive pill [COCP] vs. COCP alone). On meta-analysis, no differences were identified between exenatide versus metformin for anthropometric, biochemical hyperandrogenism, and metabolic outcomes, other than lower fasting blood glucose more with metformin than exenatide (MD: 0.10 mmol/L, CI 0.02-0.17, I2 = 18%, 2 trials). Orlistat + COCP did not improve metabolic outcomes compared with COCP alone (fasting insulin MD: -8.65 pmol/L, -33.55 to 16.26, I2 = 67%, 2 trials). Published data examining the effects of anti-obesity agents in women with PCOS are very limited. The role of these agents in PCOS should be a high priority for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyse Goldberg
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandro Graca
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK
- Department of Research, Northern College of Acupuncture, York, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Jing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vibhuti Rao
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Selma Feldman Witchel
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexia Pena
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rong Li
- Department of OB & GYN, Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chau Thien Tay
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Loyal Pattuwage
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bulent O Yildiz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carolyn Ee
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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11
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James DW, Quintela M, Lucini L, Alkafri NK, Healey GD, Younas K, Bunkheila A, Margarit L, Francis LW, Gonzalez D, Conlan RS. Homeobox regulator Wilms Tumour 1 is displaced by androgen receptor at cis-regulatory elements in the endometrium of PCOS patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1368494. [PMID: 38745948 PMCID: PMC11091321 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1368494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Decidualisation, the process whereby endometrial stromal cells undergo morphological and functional transformation in preparation for trophoblast invasion, is often disrupted in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resulting in complications with pregnancy and/or infertility. The transcription factor Wilms tumour suppressor 1 (WT1) is a key regulator of the decidualization process, which is reduced in patients with PCOS, a complex condition characterized by increased expression of androgen receptor in endometrial cells and high presence of circulating androgens. Using genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation approaches on primary human endometrial stromal cells, we identify key genes regulated by WT1 during decidualization, including homeobox transcription factors which are important for regulating cell differentiation. Furthermore, we found that AR in PCOS patients binds to the same DNA regions as WT1 in samples from healthy endometrium, suggesting dysregulation of genes important to decidualisation pathways in PCOS endometrium due to competitive binding between WT1 and AR. Integrating RNA-seq and H3K4me3 and H3K27ac ChIP-seq metadata with our WT1/AR data, we identified a number of key genes involved in immune response and angiogenesis pathways that are dysregulated in PCOS patients. This is likely due to epigenetic alterations at distal enhancer regions allowing AR to recruit cofactors such as MAGEA11, and demonstrates the consequences of AR disruption of WT1 in PCOS endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. James
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lisa Lucini
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Kinza Younas
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Adnan Bunkheila
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Margarit
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, United Kingdom
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12
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Mimouni NEH, Giacobini P. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): progress towards a better understanding and treatment of the syndrome. C R Biol 2024; 347:19-25. [PMID: 38639155 DOI: 10.5802/crbiol.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. It has a strong hereditary component estimated at 60 to 70% in daughters. It has been suggested that environmental factors during the fetal period may be involved in the development of the syndrome in adulthood. However, the underlying mechanisms of its transmission remain unknown, thus limiting the development of effective therapeutic strategies.This article highlights how an altered fetal environment (prenatal exposure to high levels of anti-Müllerian hormone) can contribute to the onset of PCOS in adulthood and lead to the transgenerational transmission of neuroendocrine and metabolic traits through alterations in the DNA methylation process.The originality of the translational findings summarized here involves the identification of potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of the syndrome, in addition to the validation of a promising therapeutic avenue in a preclinical model of PCOS, which can improve the management of patients suffering from the syndrome.
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13
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Stener-Victorin E, Teede H, Norman RJ, Legro R, Goodarzi MO, Dokras A, Laven J, Hoeger K, Piltonen TT. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38637590 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite affecting ~11-13% of women globally, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a substantially understudied condition. PCOS, possibly extending to men's health, imposes a considerable health and economic burden worldwide. Diagnosis in adults follows the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, requiring two out of three criteria - clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and/or specific ovarian morphological characteristics or elevated anti-Müllerian hormone. However, diagnosing adolescents omits ovarian morphology and anti-Müllerian hormone considerations. PCOS, marked by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, strongly contributes to early-onset type 2 diabetes, with increased odds for cardiovascular diseases. Reproduction-related implications include irregular menstrual cycles, anovulatory infertility, heightened risks of pregnancy complications and endometrial cancer. Beyond physiological manifestations, PCOS is associated with anxiety, depression, eating disorders, psychosexual dysfunction and negative body image, collectively contributing to diminished health-related quality of life in patients. Despite its high prevalence persisting into menopause, diagnosing PCOS often involves extended timelines and multiple health-care visits. Treatment remains ad hoc owing to limited understanding of underlying mechanisms, highlighting the need for research delineating the aetiology and pathophysiology of the syndrome. Identifying factors contributing to PCOS will pave the way for personalized medicine approaches. Additionally, exploring novel biomarkers, refining diagnostic criteria and advancing treatment modalities will be crucial in enhancing the precision and efficacy of interventions that will positively impact the lives of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Health and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J Norman
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Public Health Science, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anuja Dokras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joop Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Hoeger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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14
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Fu LW, Gao Z, Zhang N, Yang N, Long HY, Kong LY, Li XY. Traditional Chinese medicine formulae: A complementary method for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117698. [PMID: 38171464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent female endocrine condition that significantly affects women of all age groups and is characterized by metabolic dysfunction. The efficacy of existing pharmaceutical interventions for the treatment of PCOS remains inadequate. With a rich history and cultural significance spanning thousands of years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is extensively employed for treating a variety of ailments and can serve as a supplementary therapy for managing PCOS. Multiple clinical observations and laboratory tests have unequivocally demonstrated the substantial effectiveness and safety of TCM formulae in treating PCOS, and further investigations are currently in progress. AIM OF THE STUDY To summarize the TCM formulae commonly employed in the clinical management of PCOS, examine their therapeutic benefits, investigate their mechanism of action, active constituents, and establish the correlation between efficacy, mechanism of action, and active constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Web of Science, and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) using the following keywords: "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome", "Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoctions", "Traditional Chinese Medicine formulae", "Traditional Chinese Medicine", "Clinical Observation", "Mechanism", "Treatment", "Pharmacology", and various combinations of these terms. From January 1, 2006 until October 7, 2023, (inclusive). RESULTS This paper summarized the clinical effectiveness, mechanism of action, and active components of 8 TCM formulae for the treatment of PCOS. Our research indicates that TCM formulae can potentially treat PCOS by enhancing the levels of hyperandrogenism and other endocrine hormones, decreasing insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, and controlling chronic low-grade inflammation, among other modes of action. In addition, we found an association between epigenetics and TCM formulae for the treatment of PCOS. CONCLUSION TCM formulae have specific advantages in the treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). They achieve therapeutic benefits by targeting several pathways and connections, attracting considerable interest and playing a vital role in the treatment of PCOS. TCM formulae can be used as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Fu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zu Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Shandong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese, Affiliated Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Hui-Yan Long
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ling-Yuan Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xiu-Yang Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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15
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Lalonde-Bester S, Malik M, Masoumi R, Ng K, Sidhu S, Ghosh M, Vine D. Prevalence and Etiology of Eating Disorders in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100193. [PMID: 38408541 PMCID: PMC10973592 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting females across the lifespan. Eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric conditions that may impact the development of PCOS and comorbidities including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this scoping review was to determine the prevalence of EDs and disordered eating, and to review the etiology of EDs in PCOS. The review was conducted using search terms addressing PCOS, EDs, and disordered eating in databases, including PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Structured interviews, self-administered questionnaires, chart review, or self-reported diagnosis were used to identify EDs in 38 studies included in the review. The prevalence of any ED in those with PCOS ranged from 0% to 62%. Those with PCOS were 3-6-fold more likely to have an ED and higher odds ratios (ORs) of an elevated ED score compared with controls. In those with PCOS, 30% had a higher OR of bulimia nervosa and binge ED was 3-fold higher compared with controls. Studies were limited on anorexia nervosa and other specified feeding or ED (such as night eating syndrome) and these were not reported to be higher in PCOS. To our knowledge, no studies reported on avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, rumination disorder, or pica in PCOS. Studies showed strong associations between overweight, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating in PCOS. The etiologic development of EDs in PCOS remains unclear; however, psychological, metabolic, hypothalamic, and genetic factors are implicated. The prevalence of any ED in PCOS varied because of the use of different diagnostic and screening tools. Screening of all individuals with PCOS for EDs is recommended and high-quality studies on the prevalence, pathogenesis of specific EDs, relationship to comorbidities, and effective interventions to treat ED in those with PCOS are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lalonde-Bester
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mishal Malik
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reihaneh Masoumi
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katie Ng
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simran Sidhu
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Donna Vine
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Yang L, Yang Y, Han X, Huang C, Wang Y, Jiang D, Chao L. GRIM19 deficiency aggravates metabolic disorder and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167063. [PMID: 38360073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. Retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM19) is a functional component of mitochondrial complex I that plays a role in cellular energy metabolism. However, the role of GRIM19 in the pathogenesis of PCOS is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of GRIM19 in the pathogenesis of PCOS. DESIGN We first measured the expression of GRIM19 in human granulosa cells (hGCs) from patients with and without PCOS (n = 16 per group), and then established a PCOS mouse model with WT and Grim19+/- mice for in vivo experiments. Glucose uptake-related genes RAC1 and GLUT4 and energy metabolism levels in KGN cells were examined in vitro by knocking down GRIM19 in the cell lines. Additionally, ovulation-related genes such as p-ERK1/2, HAS2, and PTX3 were also studied to determine their expression levels. RESULTS GRIM19 expression was reduced in hGCs of PCOS patients, which was negatively correlated with BMI and serum testosterone level. Grim19+/- mice with PCOS exhibited a markedly anovulatory phenotype and disturbed glycolipid metabolism. In vitro experiments, GRIM19 deficiency inhibited the RAC1/GLUT4 pathway, reducing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in KGN cells. Moreover, GRIM19 deficiency induced mitochondrial dysfunction, defective glucose metabolism, and apoptosis. In addition, GRIM19 deficiency suppressed the expression of ovulation-related genes in KGN cells, which was regulated by dihydrotestosterone mediated androgen receptor. CONCLUSIONS GRIM19 deficiency may mediate ovulation and glucose metabolism disorders in PCOS patients. Our results suggest that GRIM19 may be a new target for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Han
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Chengzi Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Danni Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Lan Chao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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17
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Zhao Z, Gao Y, Pei X, Wang W, Wang R, Zhang H. Thyroid function and polycystic ovary syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1364157. [PMID: 38586452 PMCID: PMC10995335 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1364157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple evidence suggests that thyroid function is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but whether thyroid function is causally related to PCOS is unclear. To investigate whether the association reflect causality, a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in this study were acquired from The ThyroidOmics Consortium and the IEU Open Genome-wide association study (GWAS) database, respectively. In forward MR analysis, we included normal free thyroxine (FT4, n=49,269), normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, n=54,288), hypothyroidism (n=53,423) and hyperthyroidism (n=51,823) as exposure. The outcome was defined as PCOS in a sample size of 16,380,318 individuals. The exposure in the reverse MR analyses was chosen as PCOS, while the outcome consisted of the four phenotypes of thyroid function. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was performed as the major analysis, supplemented by sensitivity analyses. Results The occurrence of PCOS was associated with increased risk of hyperthyroidism (IVW, OR=1.08, 95%CI=1.02-1.13, P=0.004). No evidence suggested that other phenotypes of thyroid function were related to PCOS. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a cause-and-effect connection between PCOS and hyperthyroidism. The study established foundation for further investigation for interaction between thyroid function and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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18
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Liu S, Zhou X, Jie H, Zheng Z, Cai B, Mai Q, Zhou C. Higher Cumulative Live Birth Rate but Also Higher Late Miscarriage Risk in Non-Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Undergoing the First IVF/ICSI Cycle. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:289-298. [PMID: 38415060 PMCID: PMC10898478 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s445021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer outcomes while analyzing the influencing factors. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study comprised 4839 patients who underwent their first cycle of IVF/ICSI treatment from January 2016 to December 2021. Cumulative pregnancy rates, cumulative live birth rates, and late miscarriage rates compared between the PCOS group and control group. Subgroup analysis and binary regression were used to analyze the influence of BMI on clinical outcomes among individuals diagnosed with PCOS. Results Non-obese PCOS patients exhibited higher cumulative pregnancy rates, cumulative live birth rates, and late miscarriage rates compared to the control group with the normal BMI population (84.7% vs71.2%, P < 0.001; 74.1% vs 61.6%, P < 0.001; 4.1% vs 2.0%, P = 0.002), but there was no significant difference in early miscarriage rates between the two groups. Conclusion Non-obese PCOS patients demonstrated a notably higher cumulative live birth rate but also a higher risk of late miscarriage compared to non-PCOS females with a normal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Jie
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zetong Zheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Cai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Mai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Canquan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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19
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Li S, Li Y, Sun Y, Feng G, Yang Z, Yan X, Gao X, Jiang Y, Du Y, Zhao S, Zhao H, Chen ZJ. Deconvolution at the single-cell level reveals ovarian cell-type-specific transcriptomic changes in PCOS. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:24. [PMID: 38373962 PMCID: PMC10875798 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders in females of childbearing age. Various types of ovarian cells work together to maintain normal reproductive function, whose discordance often takes part in the development and progression of PCOS. Understanding the cellular heterogeneity and compositions of ovarian cells would provide insight into PCOS pathogenesis, but are, however, not well understood. Transcriptomic characterization of cells isolated from PCOS cases have been assessed using bulk RNA-seq but cells isolated contain a mixture of many ovarian cell types. METHODS Here we utilized the reference scRNA-seq data from human adult ovaries to deconvolute and estimate cell proportions and dysfunction of ovarian cells in PCOS, by integrating various granulosa cells(GCs) transcriptomic data. RESULTS We successfully defined 22 distinct cell clusters of human ovarian cells. Then after transcriptome integration, we obtained a gene expression matrix with 13,904 genes within 30 samples (15 control vs. 15 PCOS). Subsequent deconvolution analysis revealed decreased proportion of small antral GCs and increased proportion of KRT8high mural GCs, HTRA1high cumulus cells in PCOS, especially increased differentiation from small antral GCs to KRT8high mural GCs. For theca cells, the abundance of internal theca cells (TCs) and external TCs was both increased. Less TCF21high stroma cells (SCs) and more STARhigh SCs were observed. The proportions of NK cells and monocytes were decreased, and T cells occupied more in PCOS and communicated stronger with inTCs and exTCs. In the end, we predicted the candidate drugs which could be used to correct the proportion of ovarian cells in patients with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study provides insights into the molecular alterations and cellular compositions in PCOS ovarian tissue. The findings might contribute to our understanding of PCOS pathophysiology and offer resource for PCOS basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengchen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shigang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Liu H, Tu M, Yin Z, Zhang D, Ma J, He F. Unraveling the complexity of polycystic ovary syndrome with animal models. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:144-158. [PMID: 37777062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly familial and heritable endocrine disorder. Over half of the daughters born to women with PCOS may eventually develop their own PCOS-related symptoms. Progress in the treatment of PCOS is currently hindered by the complexity of its clinical manifestations and incomplete knowledge of its etiopathogenesis. Various animal models, including experimentally induced, naturally occurring, and spontaneously arising ones, have been established to emulate a wide range of phenotypical and pathological traits of human PCOS. These studies have led to a paradigm shift in understanding the genetic, developmental, and evolutionary origins of this disorder. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that animal models are useful in evaluating state-of-the-art drugs and treatments for PCOS. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent studies of PCOS in animal models, highlighting the power of these disease models in understanding the biology of PCOS and aiding high-throughput approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanju Liu
- Center for Genetic Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Mixue Tu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Zhiyong Yin
- Center for Genetic Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China; Clinical Research Center on Birth Defect Prevention and Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Center for Genetic Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China; Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Feng He
- Center for Genetic Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China; Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Wang M, Tong J, Zhu Q, Tang H, Tang L. Blood nesfatin-1 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1275753. [PMID: 38327900 PMCID: PMC10847586 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1275753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have investigated the relationship between nesfatin-1 level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, these studies have produced conflicting results. Thus, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the association between blood nesfatin-1 levels and PCOS, and the ability of nesfatin-1 as a biomarker in PCOS. Methods Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. We computed standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) regarding the comparison of blood nesfatin-1 in patients with PCOS and controls. Results The present meta-analysis showed no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls with a random effects model (SMD = 0.03; 95%CI: -0.71, 0.77; I2 = 97.1%, p value for Q test < 0.001). Subgroup analysis for different ethnicities reported no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls in both Caucasian and Asian populations. Subgroup analysis for different sample types reported no significant difference in serum nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls. Subgroup studies reported no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between PCOS and controls in both obese and non-obese populations. Conclusion In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between blood nesfatin-1 levels and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lisha Tang
- *Correspondence: Lisha Tang, ; Huaiyun Tang,
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Syed S, Gragnoli C. The glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) is linked to and associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Italian families. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:13. [PMID: 38217051 PMCID: PMC10785542 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Components of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) pathway are potential mediators of the genetic risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Impaired glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) expression and function may underlie impaired HPA-axis cortisol activity, thereby also contributing to the increased adrenal cortisol and androgen production present in women with PCOS. In this study, we aimed to identify whether NR3C1 is linked or in linkage disequilibrium (LD), that is, linkage joint to association, with PCOS in Italian peninsular families. METHOD In 212 Italian families with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the Italian peninsula, previously recruited for a T2D study and phenotyped for PCOS, we used microarray to genotype 25 variants in the NR3C1 gene. We analyzed the 25 NR3C1 variants by Pseudomarker parametric linkage and LD analysis. RESULTS We found the novel implication in PCOS risk of two intronic variants located within the NR3C1 gene (rs10482672 and rs11749561), thereby extending the phenotypic implication related to impaired glucocorticoid receptor. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report NR3C1 as a risk gene in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumail Syed
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68124, USA
- Concord Hospital-Laconia, Laconia, NH, 03246, USA
| | - Claudia Gragnoli
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68124, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health Center, Rome, 00197, Italy.
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Herbert S, Woolf K. Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Nutrients 2023; 15:5069. [PMID: 38140328 PMCID: PMC10745999 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder experienced by women. PCOS is a lifelong condition associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological presentations. PCOS is also linked with increased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. While an association between body weight and PCOS has been noted, cardiometabolic risk factors are prevalent in individuals with PCOS across body weights. Currently, no consensus exists as to the most appropriate lifestyle strategy for mitigating cardiometabolic risk in PCOS. A large proportion of the literature is focused on weight loss for individuals with PCOS who are overweight or experience obesity, despite PCOS being prevalent across body sizes. The aim of this narrative review is to assess dietary and lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risk in individuals with PCOS across body sizes. A total of 51 articles are included in this review. Overall, randomized controlled trials are limited and most studies focus on weight loss, excluding individuals classified within a healthy body weight range. Studies that modified the dietary pattern without an energy deficit saw improvements in cardiometabolic risk. Thus, less restrictive dietary approaches may be effective at reducing cardiometabolic risk in this population. This review also highlights the need for more sustainable lifestyle interventions that meet the needs of individuals with PCOS of varying body weights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen Woolf
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Steinhart School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA;
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Gu R, Dai F, Xiang C, Chen J, Yang D, Tan W, Wang Z, Liu H, Cheng Y. BMP4 participates in the pathogenesis of PCOS by regulating glucose metabolism and autophagy in granulosa cells under hyperandrogenic environment. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 235:106410. [PMID: 37858799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex reproductive endocrine disease characterized by ovulation dysfunction with multiple etiologies and manifestations, and it is widely believed that the disorders of hyper-androgen and glucose metabolism play a key role in its progression. There has been evidence that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is essential for the regulation of granulosa cells, but whether it regulates metabolism level of granulosa cells under hyperandrogenic environment remains unclear. In this study, Gene Expression Omnibus, clinical data and serum of PCOS patient were collected to detect androgen and BMP4 levels. KGN cells exposed to androgens as a model for simulating PCOS granulosa cells. Lactate/pyruvate kits, and Extracellular Acidification Rate and Oxygen Consumption Rate assay were performed to detect glycolysis and autophagy levels of granulosa cells. Lentivirus infection was used to investigate the effects of BMP4 on granulosa cells. RNA-seq were performed to explore the special mechanism. We found that BMP4 was increased in PCOS patients with hyper-androgen and granulosa cells with dihydrotestosterone treatment. Mechanically, on the one hand, hyperandrogenemia can up-regulate BMP4 secretion and induce glycolysis and autophagy levels. On the other hand, we found that hyperandrogenic-induced YAP1 upregulation may mediate BMP4 to increase glycolysis level and decrease autophagy, which plays a protective role in granulosa cells to ensure subsequent energy utilization and mitochondrial function. Overall, we innovated on the protective effect of BMP4 on glycolysis and autophagy disorders induced by excessive androgen in granulosa cells. Our study will provide guidance for future understanding of PCOS from a metabolic perspective and for exploring treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Caidian District People's Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Pant P, Sircar R, Prasad R, Prasad HO, Chitme HR. Protein Expression and Bioinformatics Study of Granulosa Cells of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Expressed Under the Influence of DHEA. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231206732. [PMID: 38023736 PMCID: PMC10644732 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231206732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The reproductive system is heavily dependent on ovarian follicles, which are made up of germ cells (oocytes) and granulosa cells (GCs), including cumulus granulosa cells (CGCs) and mural granulosa cells (MGCs). Understanding their normal and steroid-induced functions is the key to understanding the pathophysiology of endocrinal diseases in women. Objective This study investigated the differentially expressed proteins by CGCs and MGCs of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and without subsequent exposure to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and functional differentiation. Design The present study was observational and experimental study carried out in hospital involving 80 female patients undergoing IVF for infertility. Methods In this study, we isolated CGCs and MGCs from the follicular fluid of both PCOS and non-PCOS patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The cells were cultured and treated with DHEAS for 48 hours, and these cells were extracted, digested, and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry followed by processing of the results using open-source bioinformatics tools. Results The present investigation discovered 276 and 341 proteins in CGCs and MGCs, respectively. DHEAS reduced the number of proteins expressed by CGCs and MGCs to 34 and 57 from 91 and 94, respectively. Venn results of CGCs revealed 49, 53, 36, and 21 proteins in normal CGCs, PCOS-CGCs, post-DHEAS, and PCOS-CGCs, respectively. Venn analysis of MGCs showed 51 proteins specific to PCOS and 29 shared by normal and PCOS samples after DHEAS therapy. MGCs express the most binding and catalytic proteins, whereas CGCs express transporter-related proteins. A protein pathway study demonstrated considerable differences between normal and PCOS samples, while DHEAS-treated samples of both cell lines showed distinct pathways. String findings identified important network route components such as albumin, actin, apolipoprotein, complement component C3, and heat shock protein. Conclusion This is the first study to show how DHEAS-induced stress affects the expression of proteins by MGCs and CGCs isolated from normal and PCOS patients. Further studies are recommended to identify PCOS biomarkers from CGCs and MGCs expressed under the influence of DHEAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Pant
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Reema Sircar
- Indira IVF Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritu Prasad
- Morpheus Prasad International Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hari Om Prasad
- Morpheus Prasad International Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Yan S, Gao Z, Ding J, Chen S, Wang Z, Jin W, Qu B, Zhang Y, Yang L, Guo D, Yin T, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang J. Nanocomposites based on nanoceria regulate the immune microenvironment for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:412. [PMID: 37936120 PMCID: PMC10631133 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is closely associated with the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Macrophages are one of the important immune cell types in the ovarian proinflammatory microenvironment, and ameliorate the inflammatory status mainly through M2 phenotype polarization during PCOS. Current therapeutic approaches lack efficacy and immunomodulatory capacity, and a new therapeutic method is needed to prevent inflammation and alleviate PCOS. Here, octahedral nanoceria nanoparticles with powerful antioxidative ability were bonded to the anti-inflammatory drug resveratrol (CeO2@RSV), which demonstrates a crucial strategy that involves anti-inflammatory and antioxidative efficacy, thereby facilitating the proliferation of granulosa cells during PCOS. Notably, our nanoparticles were demonstrated to possess potent therapeutic efficacy via anti-inflammatory activities and effectively alleviated endocrine dysfunction, inflammation and ovarian injury in a dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mouse model. Collectively, this study revealed the tremendous potential of the newly developed nanoparticles in ameliorating the proinflammatory microenvironment and promoting the function of granulosa cells, representing the first attempt to treat PCOS by using CeO2@RSV nanoparticles and providing new insights in combating clinical PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Suming Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wenyi Jin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bing Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Duanying Guo
- Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Yanbing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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27
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Yan X, Gao X, Shang Q, Yang Z, Wang Y, Liu L, Liu W, Liu D, Cheng F, Zhao S, Zhao H, Zhao J, Chen ZJ. Investigation of androgen receptor CAG repeats length in polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed using the new international evidence-based guideline. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:211. [PMID: 37936145 PMCID: PMC10629046 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study whether CAG repeat polymorphism of androgen receptor (AR) contributes to the risk of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) with antral follicle count (AFC) ≥ 20 in the context of new international guideline of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Blood of 109 PCOS cases and 61 controls were collected for the measurement of AR CAG repeats length by sequencing. The mean number and frequency distribution of CAG repeats length were observed. Detailed analysis was conducted by dividing PCOS cases into low AFC group (L-AFC, AFC < 20) and high AFC group (H-AFC, AFC ≥ 20) according to the new international evidence-based guideline. RESULTS The portion of individuals with lower CAG repeats length in H-AFC group was significantly larger than those with higher CAG repeats length. Logistic model revealed individuals with lower CAG length tended to develop H-AFC. CONCLUSION Lower CAG repeats length in the AR gene of PCOS cases increases risk of PCOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Shang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuteng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Liu
- Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yinchuan, 750001, Ning Xia, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710100, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, Tang Du Hospital, The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710038, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yinchuan, 750001, Ning Xia, China
| | - Shigang Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Junli Zhao
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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28
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Campo H, Zha D, Pattarawat P, Colina J, Zhang D, Murphy A, Yoon J, Russo A, Rogers HB, Lee HC, Zhang J, Trotter K, Wagner S, Ingram A, Pavone ME, Dunne SF, Boots CE, Urbanek M, Xiao S, Burdette JE, Woodruff TK, Kim JJ. A new tissue-agnostic microfluidic device to model physiology and disease: the lattice platform. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4821-4833. [PMID: 37846545 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00378g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
To accurately phenocopy human biology in vitro, researchers have been reducing their dependence on standard, static two-dimensional (2D) cultures and instead are moving towards three-dimensional (3D) and/or multicellular culture techniques. While these culture innovations are becoming more commonplace, there is a growing body of research that illustrates the benefits and even necessity of recapitulating the dynamic flow of nutrients, gas, waste exchange and tissue interactions that occur in vivo. However, cost and engineering complexity are two main factors that hinder the adoption of these technologies and incorporation into standard laboratory workflows. We developed LATTICE, a plug-and-play microfluidic platform able to house up to eight large tissue or organ models that can be cultured individually or in an interconnected fashion. The functionality of the platform to model both healthy and diseased tissue states was demonstrated using 3D cultures of reproductive tissues including murine ovarian tissues and human fallopian tube explants (hFTE). When exogenously exposed to pathological doses of gonadotropins and androgens to mimic the endocrinology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), subsequent ovarian follicle development, hormone production and ovulation copied key features of this endocrinopathy. Further, hFTE cilia beating decreased significantly only when experiencing continuous media exchanges. We were then able to endogenously recreate this phenotype on the platform by dynamically co-culturing the PCOS ovary and hFTE. LATTICE was designed to be customizable with flexibility in 3D culture formats and can serve as a powerful automated tool to enable the study of tissue and cellular dynamics in health and disease in all fields of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Campo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Didi Zha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Pawat Pattarawat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jose Colina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Delong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Alina Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Julia Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Hunter B Rogers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Hoi Chang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Jiyang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Katy Trotter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Sarah Wagner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Asia Ingram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Mary Ellen Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Sara Fernandez Dunne
- High-throughput Analysis Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60628, USA
| | - Christina E Boots
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Margrit Urbanek
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shuo Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Teresa K Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - J Julie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Elsayed AM, Al-Kaabi LS, Al-Abdulla NM, Al-Kuwari MS, Al-Mulla AA, Al-Shamari RS, Alhusban AK, AlNajjar AA, Doi SAR. Clinical Phenotypes of PCOS: a Cross-Sectional Study. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3261-3272. [PMID: 37217826 PMCID: PMC10643327 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examines the Doi-Alshoumer PCOS clinical phenotype classification in relation to measured clinical and biochemical characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Two cohorts of women (Kuwait and Rotterdam) diagnosed with PCOS (FAI > 4.5%) were examined. These phenotypes were created using neuroendocrine dysfunction (IRMA LH/FSH ratio > 1 or LH > 6 IU/L) and menstrual cycle status (oligo/amenorrhea) to create three phenotypes: (A) neuroendocrine dysfunction and oligo/amenorrhea, (B) without neuroendocrine dysfunction but with oligo/amenorrhea, and (C) without neuroendocrine dysfunction and with regular cycles. These phenotypes were compared in terms of hormonal, biochemical, and anthropometric measures. The three suggested phenotypes (A, B, and C) were shown to be sufficiently distinct in terms of hormonal, biochemical, and anthropometric measures. Patients who were classified as phenotype A had neuroendocrine dysfunction, excess LH (and LH/FSH ratio), irregular cycles, excess A4, infertility, excess T, highest FAI and E2, and excess 17αOHPG when compared to the other phenotypes. Patients classified as phenotype B had irregular cycles, no neuroendocrine dysfunction, obesity, acanthosis nigricans, and insulin resistance. Lastly, patients classified as phenotype C had regular cycles, acne, hirsutism, excess P4, and the highest P4 to E2 molar ratio. The differences across phenotypes suggested distinct phenotypic expression of this syndrome, and the biochemical and clinical correlates of each phenotype are likely to be useful in the management of women with PCOS. These phenotypic criteria are distinct from criteria used for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Suhail A R Doi
- Department of Population Medicine, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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30
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Guo F, Mao S, Long Y, Zhou B, Gao L, Huang H. The Influences of Perinatal Androgenic Exposure on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease of Offspring of PCOS. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3179-3189. [PMID: 37380913 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01286-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Hyperandrogenism is an endocrine disorder affecting a large population of reproductive-aged women, thus proportionally high number of fetuses are subjected to prenatal androgenic exposure (PNA). The short-term stimulations at critical ontogenetic stages can wield lasting influences on the health. The most commonly diagnosed conditions in reproductive age women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PNA may affect the growth and development of many systems in the whole body and disrupts the normal metabolic trajectory in the offspring of PCOS, contributing to the prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD), including myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia, which are the leading causes of hospitalizations in young PCOS offspring. In this review, we focus on the effects of prenatal androgenic exposure on the cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in offspring, discuss the possible pathogenesis respectively, and summarize potential management strategies to improve metabolic health of PCOS offspring. It is expected that the incidence of CVMD and the medical burden will be reduced in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqing Mao
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Long
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bokang Zhou
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Liu S, Zhao X, Meng Q, Li B. Screening of potential biomarkers for polycystic ovary syndrome and identification of expression and immune characteristics. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293447. [PMID: 37883387 PMCID: PMC10602247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) seriously affects the fertility and health of women of childbearing age. We look forward to finding potential biomarkers for PCOS that can aid clinical diagnosis. METHODS We acquired PCOS and normal granulosa cell (GC) expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After data preprocessing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by limma package, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis were used to acquire feature genes as potential biomarkers. Time-dependent receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) and Confusion matrix were used to verify the classification performance of biomarkers. Then, the expression characteristics of biomarkers in PCOS and normal cells were analyzed, and the insulin resistance (IR) score of samples was computed by ssGSEA. Immune characterization of biomarkers was evaluated using MCP counter and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Finally, the correlation between biomarkers and the scores of each pathway was assessed. RESULTS We acquired 93 DEGs, and the enrichment results indicated that most of DEGs in PCOS group were significantly enriched in immune-related biological pathways. Further screening results indicated that JDP2 and HMOX1 were potential biomarkers. The area under ROC curve (AUC) value and Confusion matrix of the two biomarkers were ideal when separated and combined. In the combination, the training set AUC = 0.929 and the test set AUC = 0.917 indicated good diagnostic performance of the two biomarkers. Both biomarkers were highly expressed in the PCOS group, and both biomarkers, which should be suppressed in the preovulation phase, were elevated in PCOS tissues. The IR score of PCOS group was higher, and the expression of JDP2 and HMOX1 showed a significant positive correlation with IR score. Most immune cell scores and immune infiltration results were significantly higher in PCOS. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the two biomarkers had strong correlation with immune-related pathways. CONCLUSION We acquired two potential biomarkers, JDP2 and HMOX1. We found that they were highly expressed in the PCOS and had a strong positive correlation with immune-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- The Reproductive Laboratory, Shenyang Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuanpeng Zhao
- The Reproductive Laboratory, Shenyang Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingyan Meng
- The Reproductive Laboratory, Shenyang Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Baoshan Li
- The Reproductive Laboratory, Shenyang Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, China
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Wu H, Zhao B, Yao Q, Kang J. Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome mouse model requires continous treatments to maintain reproductive phenotypes. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:207. [PMID: 37880784 PMCID: PMC10599050 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy associated with infertility and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Animal models have been developed and used as tools to unravel the pathogenesis of PCOS, among which most postnatal models employ continuing experimental manipulations. However, the persistence and stability of these animals after modeling is unknown. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mouse model is commonly used in PCOS studies. Thus the aim of the present study was to investigate the reproductive features of DHEA-induced PCOS mice fed a normal chow or an high-fat diet (HFD) with treatment withdrawal or consecutive treatments after PCOS mouse models were established. METHODS Prepubertal C57BL/6 J mice (age 25 days) were injected (s.c.) daily with DHEA on a normal chow or a 60% HFD for 20 consecutive days to induce PCOS mouse models. Mice injected with the vehicle sesame oil were used as controls. After 20 days, mice were divided into 2 groups, namely "Continue dosing group" and "Stop dosing group". The animals were consecutively treated with DHEA or DHEA + HFD, or housed without any treatment for 2 or 4 weeks. Estrous cycles were evaluated during this period. At the end of the experiment, serum testosterone (T) levels were measured and the morphology of ovaries was evaluated. RESULTS The mice in Continue dosing groups maintained reproductive phenotypes of PCOS mouse models. In contrast, 2 or 4 weeks after PCOS models were established, the mice with treatment withdrawal in Stop dosing groups exhibited normal serum testosterone levels, regular estrous cycle, and relatively normal ovarian morphology. In addition, even with consecutive treatments, there was no marked difference in body weight between DHEA mice on the normal chow or an HFD in Continue dosing groups and the control animals 3 weeks after modeling. CONCLUSIONS After PCOS mice were induced with DHEA or DHEA + HFD, the mice still need consecutive treatments to maintain reproductive phenotypes to be regarded as PCOS mice that meet the diagnostic criteria of PCOS defined by the 2003 Rotterdam criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No.38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bining Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No.38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiyang Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No.38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jihong Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No.38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Suha SA, Islam MN. A systematic review and future research agenda on detection of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with computer-aided techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20524. [PMID: 37867807 PMCID: PMC10589778 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrinological abnormalities seen in reproductive female bodies posing serious health hazards. The correctness of interpreting this condition depends heavily on the wide spectrum of associated symptoms and the doctor's expertise, making real-time clinical detection quite challenging. Thus, investigations on computer-aided PCOS detection systems have recently been explored by several researchers worldwide as a potential replacement for manual assessment. This review study's objective is to analyze the relevant research works on computer-assisted methods for automatically identifying PCOS through a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology as well as investigate the research limitations and explore potential future research scopes in this domain. 28 articles have been selected using the PRISMA approach based on a set of inclusion-exclusion criteria for conducting the review. The data synthesis of the selected articles has been conducted using six data exploration themes. As outcomes, the SLR explored the topical association between the studies; their research profiles; objectives; data size, type, and sources; methodologies applied for the detection of PCOS; and lastly the research outcomes along with their evaluation measures and performances. The study also highlights areas for future research directions examining the study gaps to enhance the current efforts for autonomous PCOS identification; such as integrating advanced techniques with the current methods; developing interactive software systems; exploring deep learning and unsupervised machine learning techniques; enhancing datasets and country context; and investigating more unknown factors behind PCOS. Thus, this SLR provides a state-of-the-art paradigm of autonomous PCOS detection which will support significantly efficient clinical assessment, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayma Alam Suha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology, Cumilla, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Nazrul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Altinkilic EM, du Toit T, Sakin Ö, Attar R, Groessl M, Flück CE. The serum steroid signature of PCOS hints at the involvement of novel pathways for excess androgen biosynthesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 233:106366. [PMID: 37499841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined by androgen excess and ovarian dysfunction in the absence of a specific physiological diagnosis. The best clinical marker of androgen excess is hirsutism, while the best biochemical parameter is still a matter of debate. Current consensus guidelines recommend, among other hormones, serum free testosterone as an important serum parameter to measure androgen excess. Recently, however, novel active androgens and androgen metabolic pathways have been discovered. OBJECTIVE To assess the contribution of novel androgens and related steroid biosynthetic pathways to the serum steroid pool in PCOS women in comparison to healthy controls. DESIGN This is a case control study, wherein PCOS was diagnosed according to the AE-PCOS 2009 criteria. Serum steroid profiling was performed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. SETTING Yeditepe University and associated clinics in Istanbul, Turkey, together with Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS 42 PCOS women and 42 matched, healthy control women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Assessment of 34 steroids compartmentalized in four androgen related pathways: the classic androgen pathway, the backdoor pathway, the C11-oxy backdoor pathway, and the C11-oxy (11β-hydroxyandrostenedione) pathway. RESULTS Metabolites of all four pathways were identified in healthy and PCOS women. Highest concentrations were found for progesterone in controls and androstenedione in PCOS. Lowest levels were found for 11-ketotestosterone in controls compared to PCOS, and for 20α-hydroxyprogesterone in PCOS compared to controls. PCOS also had higher serum testosterone levels compared to the controls. PCOS women had overall higher levels of steroid metabolites of all four androgen pathways compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Novel alternative pathways contribute to the androgen production in healthy and PCOS women. Hyperandrogenism in PCOS is characterized by an overall increase of serum androgens in the classic, backdoor and C11-oxy pathways. While monogenetic disorders of steroid biosynthesis can be recognized by a specific pattern in the steroid profile, no diagnostic pattern or classifier was found in the serum for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Murat Altinkilic
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Therina du Toit
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Önder Sakin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acıbadem Kozyatağı Hospital, Turkey
| | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Turkey
| | - Michael Groessl
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christa E Flück
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Dumesic DA, Abbott DH, Chazenbalk GD. An Evolutionary Model for the Ancient Origins of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6120. [PMID: 37834765 PMCID: PMC10573644 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation and insulin resistance and closely linked with preferential abdominal fat accumulation. As an ancestral primate trait, PCOS was likely further selected in humans when scarcity of food in hunter-gatherers of the late Pleistocene additionally programmed for enhanced fat storage to meet the metabolic demands of reproduction in later life. As an evolutionary model for PCOS, healthy normal-weight women with hyperandrogenic PCOS have subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose stem cells that favor fat storage through exaggerated lipid accumulation during development to adipocytes in vitro. In turn, fat storage is counterbalanced by reduced insulin sensitivity and preferential accumulation of highly lipolytic intra-abdominal fat in vivo. This metabolic adaptation in PCOS balances energy storage with glucose availability and fatty acid oxidation for optimal energy use during reproduction; its accompanying oligo-anovulation allowed PCOS women from antiquity sufficient time and strength for childrearing of fewer offspring with a greater likelihood of childhood survival. Heritable PCOS characteristics are affected by today's contemporary environment through epigenetic events that predispose women to lipotoxicity, with excess weight gain and pregnancy complications, calling for an emphasis on preventive healthcare to optimize the long-term, endocrine-metabolic health of PCOS women in today's obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Dumesic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - David H. Abbott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715, USA;
| | - Gregorio D. Chazenbalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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Wang M, An K, Huang J, Mprah R, Ding H. A novel model based on necroptosis to assess progression for polycystic ovary syndrome and identification of potential therapeutic drugs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1193992. [PMID: 37745699 PMCID: PMC10517861 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1193992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine and reproductive disorder, lacks precise diagnostic strategies. Necroptosis was found to be crucial in reproductive and endocrine disorders, but its function in PCOS remains unclear. We aimed to identify differentially diagnostic genes for necroptosis (NDDGs), construct a diagnostic model to assess the progression of PCOS and explore the potential therapeutic drugs. Methods Gene expression datasets were combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and necroptosis gene sets to screen the differentially expressed genes for PCOS. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to construct a necroptosis-related gene signatures. Independent risk analyses were performed using nomograms. Pathway enrichment of NDDGs was conducted with the GeneMANIA database and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Immune microenvironment analysis was estimated based on ssGSEA algorithm analysis. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was used to explore potential therapeutic drugs for NDDGs. The expression of NDDGs was validated in GSE84958, mouse model and clinical samples. Results Four necroptosis-related signature genes, IL33, TNFSF10, BCL2 and PYGM, were identified to define necroptosis for PCOS. The areas under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for training set and validation in diagnostic risk model were 0.940 and 0.788, respectively. Enrichment analysis showed that NDDGs were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways such as B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Immune microenvironment analysis revealed that NDDGs were significantly correlated with 13 markedly different immune cells. A nomogram was constructed based on features that would benefit patients clinically. Several compounds, such as resveratrol, tretinoin, quercetin, curcumin, etc., were mined as therapeutic drugs for PCOS. The expression of the NDDGs in the validated set, animal model and clinical samples was consistent with the results of the training sets. Conclusion In this study, 4 NDDGs were identified to be highly effective in assessing the progression and prognosis of PCOS and exploring potential targets for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Wang
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke An
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Informatics Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Richard Mprah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanhuan Ding
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Li W, Li G, Chi H, Wang H, Zeng L. Uptake of the core outcome set on polycystic ovary syndrome before and after its publication. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:1816-1824. [PMID: 37533286 PMCID: PMC10477939 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the core outcome set (COS) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) impact the selection of research outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Following the publication of the COS on PCOS, an increasing number of trials are reporting both the generic domain and body mass index; however, the uptake of this COS has not been as extensive as expected. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The COS on PCOS included 33 core outcomes in the following seven domains: the generic (3), metabolic (8), reproductive (7), pregnancy (10), psychological (3), oncological (1), and long-term (1). This was done to improve consistency in outcome selection and definition. However, thus far, no studies have investigated the effectiveness of this COS in the above-mentioned tasks. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A methodological study based on the trial registries, including 395 eligible clinical trials registered between 1 January 2018 and 21 September 2022. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 1258 registered clinical studies on PCOS were retrieved from the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Of those, 395 were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and divided into two groups based on the publication date of the COS on PCOS (4 February 2020): pre-publication and post-publication. The practical uptake of this COS was explored after data collation, assessment, comparison of the uptake of core outcomes or domains before and after the publication of this COS, and correlation analysis between the domains. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There were 26 out of 33 core outcomes and five out of seven domains reported in the 395 trials. The highest uptake was observed for the reproductive domain and the reproductive hormonal profile (63.0% and 38.7%, respectively). After the publication of the COS on PCOS, the uptake of the generic domain and body mass index increased from 24.1% to 35.8% (P = 0.011) and 17.8% to 26.5% (P = 0.039), respectively. The total number of reported core outcomes in the generic domain met statistical significance (P = 0.012). Moreover, multivariable analyses still supported the above finding in the generic domain. Correlation analysis showed that most of the domains were positively correlated with each other. However, the pregnancy domain was negatively correlated with the metabolic domain. Reasons responsible for the unsatisfactory uptake may be the absence of specific definitions of core outcomes, as well as the lack of awareness among researchers regarding this COS. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Due to the lack of standardized definition of outcomes, it was difficult to avoid some subjectivity in the process of consistency assessment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Two years after its publication, there was no substantial improvement in the uptake of the COS on PCOS. This suggests that this COS may require further revision, refinement, and promotion to improve the comparability of PCOS studies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was funded by Beijing Municipal Health Science and Technology Achievements and Appropriate Technology Promotion Project (BHTPP2022069), and the special fund of Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project. The authors do not have conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Chi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haining Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Nie X, Dong X, Hu Y, Xu F, Hu C, Shu C. Coenzyme Q10 Stimulate Reproductive Vatality. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2623-2637. [PMID: 37667786 PMCID: PMC10475284 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s386974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Female infertility and pregnancy maintenance are associate with various factors, including quantity and quality of oocytes, genital inflammation, endometriosis, and other diseases. Women are even diagnosed as unexplained infertility or unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion when failed to achieve pregnancy with current treatment, which are urgent clinical issues need to be addressed. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid-soluble electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It is not only essential for the mitochondria to produce energy, but also function as an antioxidant to maintain redox homeostasis in the body. Recently, the capacity of CoQ10 to reduce oxidative stress (OS), enhance mitochondrial activity, regulate gene expression and inhibit inflammatory responses, has been discovered as a novel adjuvant in male reproductive performance enhancing in both animal and human studies. Furthermore, CoQ10 is also proved to regulate immune balance, antioxidant, promote glucose and lipid metabolism. These properties will bring highlight for ovarian dysfunction reversing, ovulation ameliorating, oocyte maturation/fertilization promoting, and embryonic development optimizing. In this review, we systematically discuss the pleiotropic effects of CoQ10 in female reproductive disorders to investigate the mechanism and therapeutic potential to provide a reference in subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Nie
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinru Dong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuge Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangjun Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Shu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
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Chang H, Shi B, Ge H, Liu C, Wang L, Ma C, Liu L, Zhang W, Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang CC, Wu X. Acupuncture improves the emotion domain and lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237260. [PMID: 37711905 PMCID: PMC10497754 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the emotion domain and metabolic parameters of Chinese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, conducted from 6 July 2012 to 7 October 2015. Method In this study, we investigated the effects of acupuncture (458 patients) and sham acupuncture (468 patients) on metabolic parameters, serum ions, and all quality-of-life scale scores related to PCOS. The quality of life of patients was evaluated using five relevant scales, operated by the research assistant, namely, PCOSQ, SF-36, and ChiQOL, as well as Zung-SAS and Zung-SDS. Metabolic parameters and serum ions were measured. Results A reduction in acne score, AN, Hcy, and LDL-C, and an increase in the level of lipoprotein α, Apo A1, and Apo A1/Apo B were observed in the acupuncture group after 4 months' intervention after adjusting clomiphene and reproductive outcome (p< 0.05). An increase in SF-36 total scores, RP and RE scores, ChiQOL total scores, and emotion domain scores was observed in the acupuncture group after 4 months' intervention, while PF and HT scores were decreased (adjusted p< 0.05). Those same changes were observed in sham acupuncture. Meanwhile, the serum levels of Ca, K, and Cl were elevated in the acupuncture group after the interventions (adjusted p< 0.005). There were no significant differences in HOMA-IR, MetS, FPG, FINS, HDL-C, TG, Apo B, and level of serum P, Mg, and Na. Also, no changes in BP, GH, VT, SF, physical form domain, and spirit domain were observed after treatment. Conclusion Acupuncture can improve not only the emotional changes in SF-36 scores and ChiQOL scores, but also lipid metabolism, implying that it may have a correlation between emotional change and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, acupuncture can also regulate the changes of serum Ca, K, and Cl. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01573858.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Baichao Shi
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hang Ge
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chengcheng Ma
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wanyu Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Duojia Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | | | - Chi Chiu Wang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Xiaoke Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
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Yu J, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Lin S, Liu W, Tao T. Circulating bile acid profile characteristics in PCOS patients and the role of bile acids in predicting the pathogenesis of PCOS. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1239276. [PMID: 37693357 PMCID: PMC10484098 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1239276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metabolic profile of bile acids and their potential role as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have not been thoroughly characterized. Assessing their predictive value for PCOS is of significant importance. Methods In this study, we enrolled 408 women with PCOS and 204 non-PCOS controls. The serum bile acid profile was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS). We analyzed the differences in serum bile acid profiles between PCOS patients using the OPLS-DA model. Additionally, we examined the relationship between bile acid profiles and parameters related to glucose metabolism and hyperandrogenism. ROC analysis was employed to identify potential biomarkers for PCOS pathogenesis. XGboost was utilized for cross-validation. Results The bile acid profile was found to be altered in PCOS patients. Specifically, the primary and secondary unconjugated bile acid fractions were significantly higher in the PCOS population. We identified five bile acid metabolite candidates that exhibited the most significant differences between PCOS and non-PCOS controls. DCA was associated with deposition index, fasting and postprandial insulin but was influenced by testosterone. CDCA and LCA combined with testosterone showed potential as biomarkers for the pathogenesis of PCOS. Conclusion The circulating bile acid profile undergoes changes in PCOS. DCA is associated with deposition index, fasting and postprandial insulin and its level is influenced by testosterone. CDCA and LCA combined with testosterone have the potential to serve as biomarkers for the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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van der Ham K, Koster MPH, Velthuis BK, Budde RPJ, Fauser BCJM, Laven JSE, Louwers YV. Change in Androgenic Status and Cardiometabolic Profile of Middle-Aged Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5226. [PMID: 37629271 PMCID: PMC10455407 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) at reproductive age is crucial. To investigate this, we compared the cardiometabolic profiles of different PCOS groups over a median interval of 15.8 years. The study focused on three groups: (1) women with PCOS who were hyperandrogenic at both initial and follow-up screening (HA-HA), (2) those who transitioned from hyperandrogenic to normoandrogenic (HA-NA), and (3) those who remained normoandrogenic (NA-NA). At initial and follow-up screenings, both HA-HA and HA-NA groups showed higher body mass indexes compared to the NA-NA group. Additionally, at follow-up, the HA-HA and HA-NA groups exhibited higher blood pressure, a higher prevalence of hypertension, elevated serum triglycerides and insulin levels, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol compared to the NA-NA group. Even after adjusting for BMI, significant differences persisted in HDL cholesterol levels and hypertension prevalence among the groups (HA-HA: 53.8%, HA-NA: 53.1%, NA-NA: 14.3%, p < 0.01). However, calcium scores and the prevalence of coronary plaques on CT scans were similar across all groups. In conclusion, women with PCOS and hyperandrogenism during their reproductive years exhibited an unfavorable cardiometabolic profile during their post-reproductive years, even if they changed to a normoandrogenic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim van der Ham
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands (J.S.E.L.)
| | - Maria P. H. Koster
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands (J.S.E.L.)
| | - Birgitta K. Velthuis
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo P. J. Budde
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart C. J. M. Fauser
- Department of Reproductive Medicine & Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joop S. E. Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands (J.S.E.L.)
| | - Yvonne V. Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands (J.S.E.L.)
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Geng X, He Z, Bao Z, Di W, Gu Z. Aberrant HPO Axis Alterations and Autoimmune Abnormalities in PCOS Patients with DOR: A Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5212. [PMID: 37629254 PMCID: PMC10455465 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a group of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in clinic who have diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in combination. This study was designed to evaluate the differences in glucolipid metabolism, hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis-related parameters, and autoimmune antibodies in PCOS patients with and without DOR. METHODS A total of 2307 PCOS patients, including 1757 patients with PCOS alone and 550 patients who have both PCOS and DOR, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Parameters of glucolipid metabolism, HPO axis-related parameters, and autoimmune antibodies were measured and analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence of DOR among all patients with PCOS was 23.84%. Many HPO axis-related parameters, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and prolactin (PRL) were significantly different in PCOS with DOR compared with PCOS without DOR. The FSH levels were positively correlated with LH, testosterone (T), and androstenedione (AD) levels, but had no association with glucolipid metabolism after adjusting for body mass index (BMI). Moreover, anti-ovarian antibody (AOAb) and anti-21-OH antibody (21-OHAb) levels were significantly elevated in PCOS patients with DOR. CONCLUSIONS PCOS patients with DOR showed more chaotic HPO axis hormone levels and elevated autoimmune antibodies, suggesting that autoimmune factors may be the cause of DOR in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Geng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200135, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zhihong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhouzhou Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhuowei Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Katleba KD, Ghosh PM, Mudryj M. Beyond Prostate Cancer: An Androgen Receptor Splice Variant Expression in Multiple Malignancies, Non-Cancer Pathologies, and Development. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2215. [PMID: 37626712 PMCID: PMC10452427 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have demonstrated the importance of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants (SVs) in the progression of prostate cancer to the castration-resistant phenotype and their utility as a diagnostic. However, studies on AR expression in non-prostatic malignancies uncovered that AR-SVs are expressed in glioblastoma, breast, salivary, bladder, kidney, and liver cancers, where they have diverse roles in tumorigenesis. AR-SVs also have roles in non-cancer pathologies. In granulosa cells from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, unique AR-SVs lead to an increase in androgen production. In patients with nonobstructive azoospermia, testicular Sertoli cells exhibit differential expression of AR-SVs, which is associated with impaired spermatogenesis. Moreover, AR-SVs have been identified in normal cells, including blood mononuclear cells, neuronal lipid rafts, and the placenta. The detection and characterization of AR-SVs in mammalian and non-mammalian species argue that AR-SV expression is evolutionarily conserved and that AR-SV-dependent signaling is a fundamental regulatory feature in multiple cellular contexts. These discoveries argue that alternative splicing of the AR transcript is a commonly used mechanism that leads to an expansion in the repertoire of signaling molecules needed in certain tissues. Various malignancies appropriate this mechanism of alternative AR splicing to acquire a proliferative and survival advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley D. Katleba
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Urologic Surgery, 4860 Y Street, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Peng Y, Guo R, Shi B, Li D. The role of long non-coding RNA H19 in infertility. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:268. [PMID: 37507391 PMCID: PMC10382492 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01567-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is defined as the failure to conceive after at least one year of unprotected intercourse. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not convert into proteins. LncRNAs, particularly lncRNA H19, have been linked to the emergence and progression of various diseases. This review focuses on the role of H19 in infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, diminished ovarian reserve, male factor, and assisted reproductive technology-related pathology, highlighting the potential of H19 as a molecular target for the future treatment of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Peng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Advanced Reproductive Medicine and Fertility (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Renhao Guo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Advanced Reproductive Medicine and Fertility (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Advanced Reproductive Medicine and Fertility (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Calcaterra V, Rossi V, Massini G, Casini F, Zuccotti G, Fabiano V. Probiotics and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Perspective for Management in Adolescents with Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:3144. [PMID: 37513562 PMCID: PMC10384396 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a considerable percentage of females of reproductive age. PCOS is an obesity-related condition and its effects are greatly amplified by obesity. Even though the pathogenesis of PCOS remains complex and has not been fully elucidated, a link between obesity, PCOS, and dysbiosis has been described. The potential role of the gut microbiota in the development and progression of PCOS and its associated symptoms has also been reported. The aim of this narrative review is to present a non-systematic analysis of the available literature on the topic of probiotics and PCOS in adolescents with obesity in order to revise the beneficial effects of probiotics/symbiotic supplementation on hormonal and metabolic profiles and inflammatory conditions. The effectiveness of probiotics/synbiotics in PCOS has been supported. The literature suggests that probiotic/symbiotic supplementation may ameliorate hormonal profiles, inflammatory indicators, and lipid metabolism disturbances caused by PCOS. Studies also show improvements in weight, BMI, insulin, and HOMA-IR, including a potential role it plays in protecting fertility. Even though further studies are needed to confirm these findings, particularly in adolescent patients, probiotic supplementation may be considered a solution for managing PCOS in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Massini
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Casini
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Almawi WY, Nemr R, Atazhanova T, Malalla ZH, Sarray S, Mustafa FE, Mahmood NA. Differential Association of FTO Gene variants and Haplotypes with the Susceptibility to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome According To Obesity in Women with PCOS. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2166-2176. [PMID: 36602653 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We explored the relation between FTO single gene variants (rs1861868, rs9939973, rs1421085, rs1121980, rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939609, rs9930506, and rs8044769) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in particular, according to the obesity status. This retrospective population-based case-control study involved women with PCOS (583) and 713 eumenorrheic control women; genotyping was done by real-time PCR. Significantly higher minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs9939973, rs17817449, rs9939609, and rs9930506 and lower MAF of rs1121980 were seen in PCOS cases. Lower risk of PCOS was associated with rs1121980 and rs8050136 heterozygous and minor allele-homozygous genotypes, while an elevated risk of PCOS was seen with minor allele-homozygous rs9939973, rs17817449, and r9939609 heterozygous and genotypes and minor allele-homozygous rs9930506 and rs8044769 genotype. While none of the tested FTO SNPs variants was associated with PCOS in normal body weight/lean subjects, rs9939973, rs9939609, and rs9930506 were negatively associated with PCOS in overweight subjects. In comparison, rs1861868 was negatively, while rs8044769 was positively associated with PCOS in obese subjects. Haplotype analysis identified haplotypes GACCTCTAT, AACCTCTAT, AACCTATAT and AGTTGCAGC, and GACCTCTAC to be positively associated with PCOS, while haplotypes GGTTGAAGC, GACCTATAT, GGTTGCAGC, and GATCTATAT were negatively associated with PCOS. Apart from GGTTGAAGC, these haplotypes remained associated with altered risk of PCOS after adjusting for covariates. In addition to rs17817449, rs9939609, rs9930506, and rs1121980, this study is the first to demonstrate association of rs9939973 and rs8044769 with altered risk of PCOS and the first to confirm the BMI dependency on the association of FTO variants with PCOS. This underscores the role of FTO gene variants as predisposing factors of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Y Almawi
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Rita Nemr
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Zainab H Malalla
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sameh Sarray
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Fekria E Mustafa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Naeema A Mahmood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
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Al-Awadi AM, Saldhana FL, Bauyrzhanova Z, Nemr R, Mahmood NA, Almawi WY. Relation of resistin gene variants to resistin plasma levels and altered susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome: A case control study. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13731. [PMID: 37382171 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A role for resistin in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and related features were described for various ethnicities. As its expression is partly inherited, a role for RETN polymorphisms in regulating resistin levels and PCOS risk was shown, but with varied results. AIM To investigate the association of rs34124816 (-537A>C), rs1862513 (-420C>G), rs3219175 (-358G>A), rs3745367 (+299G>A), rs3745369 (+1263G>C), and rs1423096 (+4965C>T) RETN SNPs with PCOS. METHODS Study subjects included 583 women with PCOS, and 713 eumenorrheic women serving as controls. Genotyping was done by real-time PCR. RESULTS Higher minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs34124816, rs3219175, and rs3745369, and lower MAF of rs1862513 and rs1423096 were seen in PCOS cases. Reduced PCOS risk was found with rs3745367 minor-allele homozygotes and rs1423096 minor-allele homozygotes, while increased risk was linked with rs3745367 heterozygotes, and with rs3745369 heterozygotes and minor-allele homozygotes. While it did not reach statistical significance, serum resistin levels were elevated in PCOS cases than in control women and major-allele homozygotes of rs34124816 and rs1862513, and in rs1423096 minor-allele-containing carriers. Carriage of rs34124816 correlated positively with age and LH, whereas rs1862513 positively and rs3745367 negatively correlated with fasting glucose. Six-locus (rs34124816-rs1862513-rs3219175-rs3745367-rs3745369-rs1423096) haplotype analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in AGGGGG and a marked increase in AGGGCG haplotypes between cases and controls, thus assigning PCOS protective and susceptible nature to these haplotypes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to document the contribution of rs34124816 and rs1423096 RETN variants to the risk of PCOS. The varied association of RETN gene variants with PCOS suggests an ethnic contribution of RETN association with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminah M Al-Awadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | | | | | - Rita Nemr
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Naeema A Mahmood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Wu Y, Yang L, Wu X, Wang L, Qi H, Feng Q, Peng B, Ding Y, Tang J. Identification of the hub genes in polycystic ovary syndrome based on disease-associated molecule network. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23056. [PMID: 37342921 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202202103r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the key genes involved in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and elucidating its pathogenic mechanism is of extreme importance for the development of targeted clinical therapy for PCOS. Investigating disease by integrating several associated and interacting molecules in biological systems will make it possible to discover new pathogenic genes. In this study, an integrative disease-associated molecule network, combining protein-protein interactions and protein-metabolites interactions (PPMI) network was constructed based on the PCOS-associated genes and metabolites systematically collected. This new PPMI strategy identified several potential PCOS-associated genes, which have unreported in previous publications. Moreover, the systematic analysis of five benchmarks data sets indicated the DERL1 was identified as downregulated in PCOS granulosa cell and has good classification performance between PCOS patients and healthy controls. CCR2 and DVL3 were upregulated in PCOS adipose tissues and have good classification performance. The expression of novel gene FXR2 identified in this study is significantly increased in ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients compared with controls via quantitative analysis. Our study uncovers substantial differences in the PCOS-specific tissue and provides a plethora of information on dysregulated genes and metabolites that are linked to PCOS. This knowledgebase could have the potential to benefit the scientific and clinical community. In sum, the identification of novel gene associated with PCOS provides valuable insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of PCOS and could potentially lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lingping Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xianglu Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lidan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qian Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bin Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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49
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Harris RA, McAllister JM, Strauss JF. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Identifies Pathways and Genes Contributing to the Hyperandrogenemia Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10611. [PMID: 37445796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenemia of ovarian thecal cell origin, resulting in anovulation/oligo-ovulation and infertility. Our previous studies established that ovarian theca cells isolated and propagated from ovaries of normal ovulatory women and women with PCOS have distinctive molecular and cellular signatures that underlie the increased androgen biosynthesis in PCOS. To evaluate differences between gene expression in single-cells from passaged cultures of theca cells from ovaries of normal ovulatory women and women with PCOS, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Results from these studies revealed differentially expressed pathways and genes involved in the acquisition of cholesterol, the precursor of steroid hormones, and steroidogenesis. Bulk RNA-seq and microarray studies confirmed the theca cell differential gene expression profiles. The expression profiles appear to be directed largely by increased levels or activity of the transcription factors SREBF1, which regulates genes involved in cholesterol acquisition (LDLR, LIPA, NPC1, CYP11A1, FDX1, and FDXR), and GATA6, which regulates expression of genes encoding steroidogenic enzymes (CYP17A1) in concert with other differentially expressed transcription factors (SP1, NR5A2). This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the hyperandrogenemia associated with PCOS and highlights potential targets for molecular diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alan Harris
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jan M McAllister
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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50
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Kicińska AM, Maksym RB, Zabielska-Kaczorowska MA, Stachowska A, Babińska A. Immunological and Metabolic Causes of Infertility in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1567. [PMID: 37371662 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility has been recognized as a civilizational disease. One of the most common causes of infertility is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Closely interrelated immunometabolic mechanisms underlie the development of this complex syndrome and lead to infertility. The direct cause of infertility in PCOS is ovulation and implantation disorders caused by low-grade inflammation of ovarian tissue and endometrium which, in turn, result from immune and metabolic system disorders. The systemic immune response, in particular the inflammatory response, in conjunction with metabolic disorders, insulin resistance (IR), hyperadrenalism, insufficient secretion of progesterone, and oxidative stress lead not only to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, autoimmunity, and lipid metabolism disorders but also to infertility. Depending on the genetic and environmental conditions as well as certain cultural factors, some diseases may occur immediately, while others may become apparent years after an infertility diagnosis. Each of them alone can be a significant factor contributing to the development of PCOS and infertility. Further research will allow clinical management protocols to be established for PCOS patients experiencing infertility so that a targeted therapy approach can be applied to the factor underlying and driving the "vicious circle" alongside symptomatic treatment and ovulation stimulation. Hence, therapy of fertility for PCOS should be conducted by interdisciplinary teams of specialists as an in-depth understanding of the molecular relationships and clinical implications between the immunological and metabolic factors that trigger reproductive system disorders is necessary to restore the physiology and homeostasis of the body and, thus, fertility, among PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Maria Kicińska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Radoslaw B Maksym
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre for Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Żelazna 90, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena A Zabielska-Kaczorowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aneta Stachowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Babińska
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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