1
|
Oneglia AP, Szczepaniak LS, Zaha VG, Nelson MD. Myocardial steatosis across the spectrum of human health and disease. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:202-213. [PMID: 38063136 PMCID: PMC10841709 DOI: 10.1113/ep091566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical data strongly suggest that myocardial steatosis leads to adverse cardiac remodelling and left ventricular dysfunction. Using 1 H cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy, similar observations have been made across the spectrum of health and disease. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize these recent observations. We provide a brief overview of the determinants of myocardial triglyceride accumulation, summarize the current evidence that myocardial steatosis contributes to cardiac dysfunction, and identify opportunities for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Oneglia
- Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health InnovationUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
| | | | - Vlad G. Zaha
- Division of Cardiology, Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
- Advanced Imaging Research CenterUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterArlingtonTexasUSA
| | - Michael D. Nelson
- Applied Physiology and Advanced Imaging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health InnovationUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
- Clinical Imaging Research CenterUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
- Center for Healthy Living and LongevityUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bahn YJ, Yadav H, Piaggi P, Abel BS, Gavrilova O, Springer DA, Papazoglou I, Zerfas PM, Skarulis MC, McPherron AC, Rane SG. CDK4-E2F3 signals enhance oxidative skeletal muscle fiber numbers and function to affect myogenesis and metabolism. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e162479. [PMID: 37395281 DOI: 10.1172/jci162479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how skeletal muscle fiber proportions are regulated is vital to understanding muscle function. Oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscle fibers differ in their contractile ability, mitochondrial activity, and metabolic properties. Fiber-type proportions vary in normal physiology and disease states, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In human skeletal muscle, we observed that markers of oxidative fibers and mitochondria correlated positively with expression levels of PPARGC1A and CDK4 and negatively with expression levels of CDKN2A, a locus significantly associated with type 2 diabetes. Mice expressing a constitutively active Cdk4 that cannot bind its inhibitor p16INK4a, a product of the CDKN2A locus, were protected from obesity and diabetes. Their muscles exhibited increased oxidative fibers, improved mitochondrial properties, and enhanced glucose uptake. In contrast, loss of Cdk4 or skeletal muscle-specific deletion of Cdk4's target, E2F3, depleted oxidative myofibers, deteriorated mitochondrial function, and reduced exercise capacity, while increasing diabetes susceptibility. E2F3 activated the mitochondrial sensor PPARGC1A in a Cdk4-dependent manner. CDK4, E2F3, and PPARGC1A levels correlated positively with exercise and fitness and negatively with adiposity, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation in human and rodent muscle. All together, these findings provide mechanistic insight into regulation of skeletal muscle fiber-specification that is of relevance to metabolic and muscular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jae Bahn
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Brent S Abel
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core Facility, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | | | - Ioannis Papazoglou
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Monica C Skarulis
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra C McPherron
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sushil G Rane
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sung KT, Kuo JY, Yun CH, Lin YH, Tsai JP, Lo CI, Hsiao CC, Lai YH, Tsai CT, Hou CJY, Su CH, Yeh HI, Chien CY, Hung TC, Hung CL. Association of Region-Specific Cardiac Adiposity With Dysglycemia and New-Onset Diabetes. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e021921. [PMID: 34889106 PMCID: PMC9075230 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.021921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Visceral adipose tissue is assumed to be an important indicator for insulin resistance and diabetes beyond overweight/obesity. We hypothesized that region-specific visceral adipose tissue may regulate differential biological effects for new-onset diabetes regardless of overall obesity. Methods and Results We quantified various visceral adipose tissue measures, including epicardial adipose tissue, paracardial adipose tissue, interatrial fat, periaortic fat, and thoracic aortic adipose tissue in 1039 consecutive asymptomatic participants who underwent multidetector computed tomography. We explored the associations of visceral adipose tissue with baseline dysglycemic indices and new-onset diabetes. Epicardial adipose tissue, paracardial adipose tissue, interatrial fat, periaortic fat, and thoracic aortic adipose tissue were differentially and independently associated with dysglycemic indices (fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) beyond anthropometric measures. The superimposition of interatrial fat and thoracic aortic adipose tissue on age, sex, body mass index, and baseline homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance expanded the likelihood of baseline diabetes (from 67.2 to 86.0 and 64.4 to 70.8, P for ∆ ꭕ2: <0.001 and 0.011, respectively). Compared with the first tertile, the highest interatrial fat tertile showed a nearly doubled risk for new-onset diabetes (hazard ratio, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.38-3.15], P<0.001) after adjusting for Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index. Conclusions Region-specific visceral adiposity may not perform equally in discriminating baseline dysglycemia or diabetes, and showed differential predictive performance in new-onset diabetes. Our data suggested that interatrial fat may serve as a potential marker for new-onset diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Tzu Sung
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical MedicineNational Yang Ming Chao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yuan Kuo
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ho Yun
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan.,Division of Radiology MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hung Lin
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical MedicineNational Yang Ming Chao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jui-Peng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chi-In Lo
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Hsiao
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Yau-Huei Lai
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ting Tsai
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Charles Jia-Yin Hou
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huang Su
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Yeh
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yen Chien
- Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Division Department of Surgery MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chuan Hung
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,MacKay Medicine Nursing, and Management College Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lieh Hung
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan.,Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical SciencesMacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sekizkardes H, Chung ST, Chacko S, Haymond MW, Startzell M, Walter M, Walter PJ, Lightbourne M, Brown RJ. Free fatty acid processing diverges in human pathologic insulin resistance conditions. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:3592-3602. [PMID: 32191645 DOI: 10.1172/jci135431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDPostreceptor insulin resistance (IR) is associated with hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis. However, receptor-level IR (e.g., insulin receptor pathogenic variants, INSR) causes hyperglycemia without steatosis. We examined 4 pathologic conditions of IR in humans to examine pathways controlling lipid metabolism and gluconeogenesis.METHODSCross-sectional study of severe receptor IR (INSR, n = 7) versus postreceptor IR that was severe (lipodystrophy, n = 14), moderate (type 2 diabetes, n = 9), or mild (obesity, n = 8). Lipolysis (glycerol turnover), hepatic glucose production (HGP), gluconeogenesis (deuterium incorporation from body water into glucose), hepatic triglyceride (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and hepatic fat oxidation (plasma β-hydroxybutyrate) were measured.RESULTSLipolysis was 2- to 3-fold higher in INSR versus all other groups, and HGP was 2-fold higher in INSR and lipodystrophy versus type 2 diabetes and obesity (P < 0.001), suggesting severe adipose and hepatic IR. INSR subjects had a higher contribution of gluconeogenesis to HGP, approximately 77%, versus 52% to 59% in other groups (P = 0.0001). Despite high lipolysis, INSR subjects had low hepatic triglycerides (0.5% [interquartile range 0.1%-0.5%]), in contrast to lipodystrophy (10.6% [interquartile range 2.8%-17.1%], P < 0.0001). β-hydroxybutyrate was 2- to 7-fold higher in INSR versus all other groups (P < 0.0001), consistent with higher hepatic fat oxidation.CONCLUSIONThese data support a key pathogenic role of adipose tissue IR to increase glycerol and FFA availability to the liver in both receptor and postreceptor IR. However, the fate of FFA diverges in these populations. In receptor-level IR, FFA oxidation drives gluconeogenesis rather than being reesterified to triglyceride. In contrast, in postreceptor IR, FFA contributes to both gluconeogenesis and hepatic steatosis.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT01778556, NCT00001987, and NCT02457897.FUNDINGNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service 58-3092-5-001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Therese Chung
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shaji Chacko
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Morey W Haymond
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megan Startzell
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Walter
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter J Walter
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Rebecca J Brown
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao R, Hamilton G, Brittain JH, Reeder SB, Hernando D. Design and evaluation of quantitative MRI phantoms to mimic the simultaneous presence of fat, iron, and fibrosis in the liver. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:734-747. [PMID: 32783200 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design, construct, and evaluate quantitative MR phantoms that mimic MRI signals from the liver with simultaneous control of three parameters: proton-density fat fraction (PDFF), R 2 ∗ , and T1 . These parameters are established biomarkers of hepatic steatosis, iron overload, and fibrosis/inflammation, respectively, which can occur simultaneously in the liver. METHODS Phantoms including multiple vials were constructed. Peanut oil was used to modulate PDFF, MnCl2 and iron microspheres were used to modulate R 2 ∗ , and NiCl2 was used to modulate the T1 of water (T1,water ). Phantoms were evaluated at both 1.5 T and 3 T using stimulated-echo acquisition-mode MRS and chemical shift-encoded MRI. Stimulated-echo acquisition-mode MRS data were processed to estimate T1,water , T1,fat , R 2 , water ∗ , and R 2 , fat ∗ for each vial. Chemical shift-encoded MRI data were processed to generate PDFF and R 2 ∗ maps, and measurements were obtained in each vial. Measurements were evaluated using linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS High-quality PDFF and R 2 ∗ maps were obtained with homogeneous values throughout each vial. High correlation was observed between imaging PDFF with target PDFF (slope = 0.94-0.97, R2 = 0.994-0.997) and imaging R 2 ∗ with target R 2 ∗ (slope = 0.84-0.88, R2 = 0.935-0.943) at both 1.5 T and 3 T. The values of R 2 , fat ∗ and R 2 , water ∗ were highly correlated with slope close to 1.0 at both 1.5 T (slope = 0.90, R2 = 0.988) and 3 T (slope = 0.99, R2 = 0.959), similar to the behavior observed in vivo. The value of T1,water (500-1200 ms) was controlled with varying NiCl2 concentration, while T1,fat (300 ms) was independent of NiCl2 concentration. CONCLUSION Novel quantitative MRI phantoms that mimic the simultaneous presence of fat, iron, and fibrosis in the liver were successfully developed and validated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Gavin Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jean H Brittain
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Calimetrix LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott B Reeder
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Calimetrix LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Diego Hernando
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Calimetrix LLC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lind L, Strand R, Michaëlsson K, Ahlström H, Kullberg J. Voxel-wise Study of Cohort Associations in Whole-Body MRI: Application in Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components. Radiology 2019; 294:559-567. [PMID: 31891319 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019191035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The metabolic syndrome is related to obesity and ectopic fat distribution. Purpose To investigate whether an image analysis approach that uses image registration for whole-body voxel-wise analysis could provide additional information about the relationship between metabolic syndrome and body composition compared with traditional image analysis. Materials and Methods Whole-body quantitative water-fat MRI was performed in a population-based prospective study on obesity, energy, and metabolism between October 2010 and November 2016. Fat mass was measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Whole-body voxel-wise analysis of tissue volume and fat content was applied in more than 2 million voxels from the whole-body examinations by automated interindividual deformable image registration of the water and fat MRI data. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by the harmonized National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Two-tailed t tests were used and P values less than .05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results This study evaluated 167 women and 159 men (mean age, 50 years) by using voxel-wise analysis. Metabolic syndrome (13.5%; 44 of 326) was related to traditional measurements of fat distribution, such as total fat mass at DXA, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and liver and pancreatic fat at MRI. Voxel-wise analysis found metabolic syndrome related to liver, heart, and perirenal fat volume; fat content in subcutaneous fat in the hip region in both sexes; fatty infiltration of leg muscles in men, especially in gluteus maximus; and pericardial and aortic perivascular fat mainly in women. Sex differences in associations with subcutaneous adipose tissue were identified. In women, metabolic syndrome diagnosis was linked to regional differences in associations to adipose tissue volumes in upper versus lower body, and dorsal versus ventral abdominal depots. In men similar gradients were only seen in individual components. Conclusion In addition to showing the relationships between metabolic syndrome and body composition in a detailed and intuitive fashion in the whole body, the voxel-wise analysis provided additional information compared with traditional image analysis. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- From the Department of Medical Sciences (L.L.), Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences (R.S., H.A., J.K.), and Department of Surgical Sciences (K.M.), Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Entrance 24, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Robin Strand
- From the Department of Medical Sciences (L.L.), Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences (R.S., H.A., J.K.), and Department of Surgical Sciences (K.M.), Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Entrance 24, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- From the Department of Medical Sciences (L.L.), Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences (R.S., H.A., J.K.), and Department of Surgical Sciences (K.M.), Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Entrance 24, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- From the Department of Medical Sciences (L.L.), Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences (R.S., H.A., J.K.), and Department of Surgical Sciences (K.M.), Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Entrance 24, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| | - Joel Kullberg
- From the Department of Medical Sciences (L.L.), Section of Radiology, Department of Surgical Sciences (R.S., H.A., J.K.), and Department of Surgical Sciences (K.M.), Uppsala University, Uppsala Academic Hospital, Entrance 24, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; and Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, Mölndal, Sweden (H.A., J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chung ST, Cravalho CKL, Meyers AG, Courville AB, Yang S, Matthan NR, Mabundo L, Sampson M, Ouwerkerk R, Gharib AM, Lichtenstein AH, Remaley AT, Sumner AE. Triglyceride Paradox Is Related to Lipoprotein Size, Visceral Adiposity and Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Activity in Black Versus White Women. Circ Res 2019; 126:94-108. [PMID: 31623522 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In black women, triglycerides are paradoxically normal in the presence of insulin resistance. This relationship may be explained by race-related differences in central adiposity and SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase)-1 enzyme activity index. OBJECTIVE In a cross-sectional study, to compare fasting and postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle (TRLP) concentrations and size in black compared with white pre- and postmenopausal women and determine the relationship between TRLP subfractions and whole-body insulin sensitivity, hepatic and visceral fat, and SCD-1 levels. METHODS AND RESULTS In 122 federally employed women without diabetes mellitus, 73 black (58 African American and 15 African immigrant) and 49 white; age, 44±10 (mean±SD) years; body mass index, 30.0±5.6 kg/m2, we measured lipoprotein subfractions using nuclear magnetic resonance. Hepatic fat was measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, insulin sensitivity index calculated by minimal modeling from a frequently sampled intravenous glucose test, and red blood cell fatty acid profiles were measured by gas chromatography and were used to estimate SCD-1 indices. Hepatic fat, insulin sensitivity index, and SCD-1 were similar in black women and lower than in whites, regardless of menopausal status. Fasting and postprandial large, medium, and small TRLPs, but not very small TRLPs, were lower in black women. Fasting large, medium, and very small TRLPs negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity index and positively correlated with visceral and hepatic fat and SCD-1 activity in both groups. In multivariate models, visceral fat and SCD-1 were associated with total fasting TRLP concentrations (adjR2, 0.39; P=0.001). Black women had smaller postprandial changes in large (P=0.005) and medium TRLPs (P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Lower visceral fat and SCD-1 activity may contribute to the paradoxical association of lower fasting and postprandial TRLP subfractions despite insulin resistance in black compared with white pre- and postmenopausal women. Similar concentrations of very small TRLPs are related to insulin resistance and could be important mediators of cardiometabolic disease risk in women. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01809288.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie T Chung
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.)
| | - Celeste K L Cravalho
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.)
| | - Abby G Meyers
- Intramural Program of National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, MD (A.G.M.)
| | | | - Shanna Yang
- NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD (A.B.C., S.Y.)
| | - Nirupa Rachel Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.R.M., A.H.L.)
| | - Lilian Mabundo
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.)
| | - Maureen Sampson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (M.S., A.T.R.)
| | - Ronald Ouwerkerk
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.)
| | - Ahmed M Gharib
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.)
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.R.M., A.H.L.)
| | - Alan T Remaley
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (M.S., A.T.R.)
| | - Anne E Sumner
- From the Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (S.T.C., C.K.L.C., L.M., R.O., A.M.G., A.E.S.).,National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bell DSH, Goncalves E. Atrial fibrillation and type 2 diabetes: Prevalence, etiology, pathophysiology and effect of anti-diabetic therapies. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:210-217. [PMID: 30144274 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
New-onset atrial fibrillation (NAF) is increased in the type 2 diabetic patient because of the presence of the metaboli syndrome and increased sympathetic activity. This results in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and myocardial steatosis which, in turn, lead to atrial fibrosis and dilatation. The end result is the development of structural and electrical atrial remodeling. Drugs that lower insulin resistance, particularly pioglitazone, decrease the incidence of NAF while drugs that, through hypoglycaemia, stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, insulin and secretagogues, increase the incidence of NAF. Currently there is no evidence that GLP-1 agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP-4 inhibitors either accelerate or decelerate the development of NAF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S H Bell
- Southside Endocrinology and Diabetes and Thyroid Associates, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Edison Goncalves
- Southside Endocrinology and Diabetes and Thyroid Associates, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Muo IM, MacDonald SD, Madan R, Park SJ, Gharib AM, Martinez PE, Walter MF, Yang SB, Rodante JA, Courville AB, Walter PJ, Cai H, Glicksman M, Guerrieri GM, Ben-Dor RR, Ouwerkerk R, Mao S, Chung JH. Early effects of roflumilast on insulin sensitivity in adults with prediabetes and overweight/obesity involve age-associated fat mass loss - results of an exploratory study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:743-759. [PMID: 31213865 PMCID: PMC6542328 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s182953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Roflumilast (Daliresp, Daxas) is a FDA-approved phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor for the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In mice and in limited human studies, this oral medication can cause weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity. We set out to determine the mechanism of its effect on insulin sensitivity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eight adults with overweight/obesity and prediabetes received roflumilast for 6 weeks. Before and after roflumilast, subjects underwent tests of insulin sensitivity, mixed meal test, body composition, markers of inflammation, and mitochondria function. Dietary intake and physical activity were also assessed. Our primary outcome was the change in peripheral insulin sensitivity, as assessed by the hyper-insulinemic euglycemic clamp. RESULTS This study was underpowered for the primary outcome. Pre- and post-roflumilast mean peripheral insulin sensitivity were 48.7 and 70.0 mg/g fat free mass/minute, respectively, (P-value=0.18), respectively. Among the mixed meal variables, roflumilast altered glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) hormone the most, although the average effect was not statistically significant (P=0.18). Roflumilast induced a trend toward significance in 1) decreased energy intake (from 11,095 KJ to 8,4555 KJ, P=0.07), 2) decreased fat mass (from 34.53 to 32.97 kg, P=0.06), 3) decreased total and LDL cholesterol (P=0.06 for both variables), and 4) increased plasma free fatty acids (from 0.40 to 0.50 mEq/L, P=0.09) The interval changes in adiposity and free fatty acid were significantly associated with the subject's age (P-value range= <0.001 to 0.02 for the correlations). Inflammatory and adhesion markers, though unchanged, significantly correlated with one another and with incretin hormones only after roflumilast. CONCLUSION We demonstrate, for the first time in humans, increasing percentage of fat mass loss from roflumilast with increasing age in adults with prediabetes and overweight/obesity. We also demonstrate novel associations among roflumilast-induced changes in incretin hormones, inflammatory markers, peripheral insulin sensitivity, and adiposity. We conclude that roflumilast's early effects on insulin sensitivity is indirect and likely mediated through roflumilast's prioritization of lipid over glucose handling. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT01862029.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ijeoma M Muo
- Laboratory of Obesity and Aging Research NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, ,
| | - Sandra D MacDonald
- NHLBI Pulmonary Branch, Laboratory of Chronic Airway Infections, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ritu Madan
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sung-Jun Park
- Laboratory of Obesity and Aging Research NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, ,
| | - Ahmed M Gharib
- Biomedical and Metabolic Imaging Branch NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pedro E Martinez
- Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mary F Walter
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shanna B Yang
- Clinical Center Nutrition Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin A Rodante
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amber B Courville
- Clinical Center Nutrition Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter J Walter
- Mass Spectrometry Clinical Core, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hongyi Cai
- Mass Spectrometry Clinical Core, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael Glicksman
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gioia M Guerrieri
- Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rivka R Ben-Dor
- NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ronald Ouwerkerk
- Biomedical and Metabolic Imaging Branch NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephanie Mao
- Laboratory of Obesity and Aging Research NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, ,
| | - Jay H Chung
- Laboratory of Obesity and Aging Research NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, ,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chung ST, Galvan-De La Cruz M, Aldana PC, Mabundo LS, DuBose CW, Onuzuruike AU, Walter M, Gharib AM, Courville AB, Sherman AS, Sumner AE. Postprandial Insulin Response and Clearance Among Black and White Women: The Federal Women's Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:181-192. [PMID: 30260396 PMCID: PMC6286409 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Postprandial hyperinsulinemia might be an important cardiometabolic risk determinant in black compared with white women. However, the contributions of insulin clearance and β-cell function to racial differences in postprandial insulin response are unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare, by race and menopause, early insulin response to oral and intravenous glucose and to measure postprandial intact glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations, insulin clearance, and β-cell function. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS 119 federally employed women without diabetes [87 premenopausal (52 black, 35 white) and 32 postmenopausal (19 black, 13 white)] underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose test (IM-FSIGT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). OUTCOME MEASURES Early insulin response was measured as follows: (i) insulinogenic index (oral glucose tolerance test); (ii) acute insulin response to glucose (IM-FSIGT); and (iii) ratio of incremental insulin/glucose area under the curve in the first 30 minutes of the MMTT. Insulin clearance was assessed during the IM-FSIGT and MMTT. During the MMTT, intact GLP-1 was measured and β-cell function assessed using the insulin secretion rate and β-cell responsivity indexes. RESULTS Black pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women had a greater insulin response and lower insulin clearance and greater dynamic β-cell responsivity (P ≤ 0.05 for all). No differences were found in the total insulin secretion rates or intact GLP-1 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Greater postprandial hyperinsulinemia in black pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women was associated with lower hepatic insulin clearance and heightened β-cell capacity to rapid changes in glucose, but not to higher insulin secretion. The relationship of increased β-cell secretory capacity, reduced insulin clearance, and ambient hyperinsulinemia to the development of cardiometabolic disease requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie T Chung
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Stephanie T. Chung, MBBS, Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10-CRC, Room 5-3671, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892. E-mail:
| | - Mirella Galvan-De La Cruz
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paola C Aldana
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lilian S Mabundo
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher W DuBose
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anthony U Onuzuruike
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary Walter
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ahmed M Gharib
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Arthur S Sherman
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anne E Sumner
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brown RJ, Valencia A, Startzell M, Cochran E, Walter PJ, Garraffo HM, Cai H, Gharib AM, Ouwerkerk R, Courville AB, Bernstein S, Brychta RJ, Chen KY, Walter M, Auh S, Gorden P. Metreleptin-mediated improvements in insulin sensitivity are independent of food intake in humans with lipodystrophy. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3504-3516. [PMID: 29723161 DOI: 10.1172/jci95476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant leptin (metreleptin) ameliorates hyperphagia and metabolic abnormalities in leptin-deficient humans with lipodystrophy. We aimed to determine whether metreleptin improves glucose and lipid metabolism in humans when food intake is held constant. METHODS Patients with lipodystrophy were hospitalized for 19 days, with food intake held constant by a controlled diet in an inpatient metabolic ward. In a nonrandomized, crossover design, patients previously treated with metreleptin (n = 8) were continued on metreleptin for 5 days and then taken off metreleptin for the next 14 days (withdrawal cohort). This order was reversed in metreleptin-naive patients (n = 14), who were reevaluated after 6 months of metreleptin treatment on an ad libitum diet (initiation cohort). Outcome measurements included insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, fasting glucose and triglyceride levels, lipolysis measured using isotopic tracers, and liver fat by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS With food intake constant, peripheral insulin sensitivity decreased by 41% after stopping metreleptin for 14 days (withdrawal cohort) and increased by 32% after treatment with metreleptin for 14 days (initiation cohort). In the initiation cohort only, metreleptin decreased fasting glucose by 11% and triglycerides by 41% and increased hepatic insulin sensitivity. Liver fat decreased from 21.8% to 18.7%. In the initiation cohort, changes in lipolysis were not independent of food intake, but after 6 months of metreleptin treatment on an ad libitum diet, lipolysis decreased by 30% (palmitate turnover) to 35% (glycerol turnover). CONCLUSION Using lipodystrophy as a human model of leptin deficiency and replacement, we show that metreleptin improves insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic and circulating triglycerides and that these improvements are independent of its effects on food intake. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01778556FUNDING. This research was supported by the intramural research program of the NIDDK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Brown
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Areli Valencia
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Megan Startzell
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Elaine Cochran
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ahmed M Gharib
- Biomedical and Metabolic Imaging Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald Ouwerkerk
- Biomedical and Metabolic Imaging Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Shanna Bernstein
- Nutrition Department, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert J Brychta
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sungyoung Auh
- Office of the Clinical Director, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Phillip Gorden
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch (DEOB), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leutner M, Göbl C, Wolf P, Maruszczak K, Bozkurt L, Steinbrecher H, Just-Kukurova I, Ott J, Egarter C, Trattnig S, Kautzky-Willer A. Pericardial Fat Relates to Disturbances of Glucose Metabolism in Women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, but Not in Healthy Control Subjects. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:5406128. [PMID: 30158974 PMCID: PMC6109482 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5406128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship of cardiac fat depots with disturbances of the carbohydrate metabolism in women with PCOS. METHODS An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was realized, and metabolic parameters were collected in 48 women with PCOS and in 20 controls. Intramyocardial fat (MYCL) and pericardial fat (PERI) were measured using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. RESULTS Only in PCOS women, PERI was positively and independently related to parameters of glucose metabolism (HbA1c: p = 0.001, fasting plasma glucose: p < 0.001, stimulated glucose at 30 and 60 minutes in the OGTT). Thus, the disposition index, insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin also declined with the increase of PERI in women with PCOS; however, these results were not independent of BMI and age. In addition, PERI was positively related to atherogenic lipid profiles, BMI, waist circumference, CRP, and liver fat in women with PCOS. A negative relation of PERI with triglycerides and a positive relation with BMI and waist circumference could be observed in the controls. No relationship of MYCL with diabetes-specific parameters could be found in the study population. CONCLUSION PERI is related to metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS, but not in metabolically healthy lean subjects. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov and has the registration number NCT03204461.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Leutner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Unit of Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Göbl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Maruszczak
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Unit of Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Latife Bozkurt
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Steinbrecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivica Just-Kukurova
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Centre of Excellence-High Field MR, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Ott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Egarter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Centre of Excellence-High Field MR, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Unit of Gender Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Benetti E, Mastrocola R, Vitarelli G, Cutrin JC, Nigro D, Chiazza F, Mayoux E, Collino M, Fantozzi R. Empagliflozin Protects against Diet-Induced NLRP-3 Inflammasome Activation and Lipid Accumulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 359:45-53. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.235069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
14
|
Granér M, Gustavsson S, Nyman K, Siren R, Pentikäinen MO, Lundbom J, Hakkarainen A, Lauerma K, Lundbom N, Borén J, Nieminen MS, Taskinen MR. Biomarkers and prediction of myocardial triglyceride content in non-diabetic men. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:134-140. [PMID: 26803593 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipid oversupply to cardiomyocytes or decreased utilization of lipids leads to cardiac steatosis. We aimed to examine the role of different circulating metabolic biomarkers as predictors of myocardial triglyceride (TG) content in non-diabetic men. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial and hepatic TG contents were measured with 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, and LV function, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous tissue (SAT), epicardial and pericardial fat by MR imaging in 76 non-diabetic men. Serum concentration of circulating metabolic biomarkers [adiponectin, leptin, adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein 4 (A-FABP 4), resistin, and lipocalin-2] including β-hydroxybuturate (β-OHB) were measured. Subjects were stratified by tertiles of myocardial TG into low, moderate, and high myocardial TG content groups. Concentrations of β-OHB were lower (p = 0.003) and serum levels of A-FABP 4 were higher (p < 0.001) in the group with high myocardial TG content compared with the group with low myocardial TG content. β-OHB was negatively correlated with myocardial TG content (r = -0.316, p = 0.006), whereas A-FABP 4 was not correlated with myocardial TG content (r = 0.192, p = 0.103). In multivariable analyses β-OHB and plasma glucose levels were the best predictors of myocardial TG content independently of VAT and hepatic TG content. The model explained 58.8% of the variance in myocardial TG content. CONCLUSION Our data showed that β-OHB and fasting glucose were the best predictors of myocardial TG content in non-diabetic men. These data suggest that hyperglycemia and alterations in lipid oxidation may be associated with cardiac steatosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Granér
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - S Gustavsson
- Health Metric, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Nyman
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Siren
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Health Center of City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M O Pentikäinen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Hakkarainen
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Lauerma
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Borén
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M S Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|