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Küüsmaa-Schildt M, Liukkonen J, Vuong MK, Nyman K, Häkkinen K, Häkkinen A. Effects of morning vs. evening combined strength and endurance training on physical performance, sleep and well-being. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:811-825. [PMID: 30950283 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1592184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine how combined strength and endurance training in the morning and evening influences the adaptations in strength and endurance performance, perception of time management, psychological well-being and sleep. The combined training period lasted for 24 weeks and the participants were divided into the morning training (MG, n = 18), evening training (EG, n = 24) and control groups (CG, n = 10). Isometric leg press force (iLP), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), sleep behavior, fatigue, time management, motivation, self-esteem and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed. Morning to evening difference in iLP was observed in both MG and EG at Pre and Post, with higher force values in the evening, but not for VO2max. iLP force increased significantly in EG in the morning (p < 0.001) and evening (p = 0.010). VO2max increased in MG and EG both in the morning (both p < 0.001) and in the evening (MG: p < 0.001; EG: p = 0.003). Participants of the present study slept 7-8 h per night and the self-reported sleep duration, get-up time and the average time to go to bed were similar between the groups and did not change from Pre to Post. From HRQoL dimensions, the score for bodily pain decreased in MG (p = 0.029) and significant between-group differences were observed for Pre-Post changes in MG and EG (p = 0.001) as well as between MG and CG (p < 0.001). In vitality, a significant between-group difference was observed for Pre to Post changes in MG and EG (p = 0.014). Perception of time management decreased in EG (p = 0.042) but stayed unchanged for MG and CG. For the intrinsic motivation to participate, significant between-group differences were observed for MG and EG (p = 0.033) and between MG and CG (p = 0.032) for Pre to Post changes. Self-esteem improved in MG (p = 0.029) and EG (p = 0.024). The present combined strength and endurance training program performed in the morning and in the evening led to similar improvements in strength and endurance performance. Training in the morning or in the evening did not disrupt the already good sleep behavior and it was able to further increase the self-esteem. Although training in the morning hours may leave more time for free time activities or social life (i.e. family and friends) compared to the evening training, it might be more challenging to stay motivated to participate in prolonged training programs in the morning hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Küüsmaa-Schildt
- a Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - J Liukkonen
- b Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland d
| | - M K Vuong
- a Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - K Nyman
- c Department of Cardiology , Central Hospital of Central Finland , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - K Häkkinen
- a Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - A Häkkinen
- c Department of Cardiology , Central Hospital of Central Finland , Jyväskylä , Finland.,d Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences , University of Jyväskylä , Jyväs , Finland
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Nyman K, Granér M, Pentikäinen MO, Lundbom J, Hakkarainen A, Sirén R, Nieminen MS, Taskinen MR, Lundbom N, Lauerma K. Metabolic syndrome associates with left atrial dysfunction. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:727-734. [PMID: 29764718 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are risk factors of atrial fibrillation (AF), but limited data exist on their effect on left atrial (LA) function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of cardiac, hepatic and intra-abdominal ectopic fat depots and cardiometabolic risk factors on LA function in non-diabetic male subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial and hepatic triglyceride contents were measured with 1.5T 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and LA and left ventricular function, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), epicardial and pericardial fat by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 33 men with MetS and 40 men without MetS. LA volumes were assessed using a novel three-chamber orientation based MRI approach. LA ejection fraction (EF) was lower in MetS patients than in the control group (44 ± 7.7% in MetS vs. 49 ± 8.6% in controls, p = 0.013) without LA enlargement, indicating LA dysfunction. LA EF correlated negatively with waist circumference, body mass index, SAT, VAT, fasting serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, and positively with fasting serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. VAT was the best predictor of reduced LA EF. CONCLUSIONS MetS associates with subclinical LA dysfunction. Multiple components of MetS are related to LA dysfunction, notably visceral obesity and insulin resistance. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of mechanical atrial remodeling in the development of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nyman
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - M Granér
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs' Unit, University of Helsinki and Clinical Research Institute, HUCH Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M O Pentikäinen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Hakkarainen
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Sirén
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Health Care Centre of City of Helsinki and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M S Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programs' Unit, University of Helsinki and Clinical Research Institute, HUCH Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Lauerma
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Granér M, Gustavsson S, Nyman K, Siren R, Pentikäinen MO, Lundbom J, Hakkarainen A, Lauerma K, Lundbom N, Borén J, Nieminen MS, Taskinen MR. Biomarkers and prediction of myocardial triglyceride content in non-diabetic men. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:134-140. [PMID: 26803593 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipid oversupply to cardiomyocytes or decreased utilization of lipids leads to cardiac steatosis. We aimed to examine the role of different circulating metabolic biomarkers as predictors of myocardial triglyceride (TG) content in non-diabetic men. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial and hepatic TG contents were measured with 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy, and LV function, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous tissue (SAT), epicardial and pericardial fat by MR imaging in 76 non-diabetic men. Serum concentration of circulating metabolic biomarkers [adiponectin, leptin, adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein 4 (A-FABP 4), resistin, and lipocalin-2] including β-hydroxybuturate (β-OHB) were measured. Subjects were stratified by tertiles of myocardial TG into low, moderate, and high myocardial TG content groups. Concentrations of β-OHB were lower (p = 0.003) and serum levels of A-FABP 4 were higher (p < 0.001) in the group with high myocardial TG content compared with the group with low myocardial TG content. β-OHB was negatively correlated with myocardial TG content (r = -0.316, p = 0.006), whereas A-FABP 4 was not correlated with myocardial TG content (r = 0.192, p = 0.103). In multivariable analyses β-OHB and plasma glucose levels were the best predictors of myocardial TG content independently of VAT and hepatic TG content. The model explained 58.8% of the variance in myocardial TG content. CONCLUSION Our data showed that β-OHB and fasting glucose were the best predictors of myocardial TG content in non-diabetic men. These data suggest that hyperglycemia and alterations in lipid oxidation may be associated with cardiac steatosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Granér
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - S Gustavsson
- Health Metric, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Nyman
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Siren
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Health Center of City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M O Pentikäinen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Hakkarainen
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Lauerma
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Lundbom
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Borén
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M S Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Granér M, Pentikäinen M, Nyman K, Siren R, Lundbom J, Hakkarainen A, Lauerma K, Lundbom N, Nieminen M, Taskinen M. Myocardial triglyceride content in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Granér M, Pentikäinen MO, Siren R, Nyman K, Lundbom J, Hakkarainen A, Lauerma K, Lundbom N, Nieminen MS, Taskinen MR. Electrocardiographic changes associated with insulin resistance. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:315-320. [PMID: 24462049 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cardiac steatosis has been related to increased risk of heart disease. We investigated the association between cardiac steatosis, electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities, and individual components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS AND RESULTS A 12-lead ECG and laboratory data were examined in 31 men with the MetS and in 38 men without the MetS. Myocardial triglyceride (MTG) content was measured with 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and epicardial and pericardial fat by MR imaging. MTG content, epicardial and pericardial fat depots were higher in men with the MetS compared with subjects without the MetS (p < 0.001). The heart rate was increased (p < 0.001), the PR interval was longer (p < 0.044), the frontal plane QRS axis shifted to the left (p < 0.001), and the QRS voltage (p < 0.001) was lower in subjects with the MetS. The frontal plane QRS axis and the QRS voltage were inversely correlated with MTG content, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), TGs, and fasting blood glucose. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol correlated positively and measures of insulin resistance negatively with the QRS voltage. MTG content and hypertriglyceridemia were determinants of the frontal plane QRS and WC and hyperglycemia were predictors of the QRS voltage. CONCLUSION The MetS and cardiac steatosis appear to associate with multiple changes on 12-lead ECG. The frontal plane QRS axis is shifted to the left and the QRS voltage is lower in subjects with the MetS. Standard ECG criteria may underestimate the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy in obese subjects with cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Granér
- Thorax-center, Division of Cardiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - M O Pentikäinen
- Thorax-center, Division of Cardiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Siren
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Health Center of City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Nyman
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Lundbom
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Hakkarainen
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Lauerma
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Lundbom
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M S Nieminen
- Thorax-center, Division of Cardiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M-R Taskinen
- Thorax-center, Division of Cardiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Holviala J, Häkkinen A, Nyman K, Aho J, Karavirta L, Häkkinen K. Load carrying walking test and its relationships to endurance and neuromuscular capabilities in women and men of different ages. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2011; 51:136-144. [PMID: 21297573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine load carrying walking test (TMload) performance on the treadmill and its associations to endurance and neuromuscular capabilities in women and men of different ages. Sixty participants (aged 28 to 71 years) were divided into young, middle-aged and old groups of both genders. Clinical stress test was performed by stationary cycle ergometer (CEload). Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), heart rate and lactate concentration were measured using maximal TMload test. Isometric strength and EMG-activity of upper and lower extremities were measured before and after TMload. VO2peak of TMload correlated significantly with TMload exercise time (ET) in all other groups (r=0.67 to 0.91 and p ≤ 0.05 to p<0.001) except old men. Leg extension force decreased (p ≤ 0.05 to p<0.001) after TMload in all groups, grip force in young groups (p ≤ 0.05), while plantar flexion force and all EMGs remained unchanged. In men VO2peak explained 81% and in women VO2peak and age explained 87% of the total variation of the TMload ET. In conclusion, ET of TMload is associated with high VO2peak, but not with muscle strength or its changes during the loading. The present load carrying walking test may be used for testing workers with heavy loading in their occupation or in rehabilitation purposes. Further research is needed to examine in more detailed the loading model of the present study as well as the effects of different types of training on load carrying performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Holviala
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Hulmi JJ, Walker S, Ahtiainen JP, Nyman K, Kraemer WJ, Häkkinen K. Molecular signaling in muscle is affected by the specificity of resistance exercise protocol. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 22:240-8. [PMID: 21204993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways have been highlighted as important for muscle adaptations and thus, they may distinguish adaptations to different exercises. Typically, resistance exercise designed for muscle hypertrophy has moderate intensity (60-80% of one repetition maximum, 1 RM) while one prioritizing maximal strength with minor hypertrophy has a higher intensity (≥90% of 1 RM). Eight untrained men (28.4 ± 3.7 years) conducted two different bilateral leg press exercise protocols: hypertrophic (5 × 10 RM) and pure maximal strength (15 × 1 RM) in a counterbalanced, cross-over design with 1 week between exercises. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were taken before and 0.5 h after resistance exercise, or in six controls (26.5 ± 3.6 years) who rested. The phosphorylation of p70S6K (Thr(421) /Ser(424) ), rpS6 (Ser(240/244) and Ser(235/236) ) and MAPK p38 as increased (∼2-16 fold) after both exercise protocols. However, the phosphorylation of MAPK Erk1/2 and p70S6K at Thr(389) increased only after 5 × 10 RM. The increase in the phosphorylation of p70S6K (Thr(421) /Ser(424) ), rpS6 (Ser(235/236) ) and Erk1/2 were higher after 5 × 10 RM (P<0.05). No changes were seen in controls. In conclusion, MAPK signaling is greater after hypertrophic than maximal strength exercise protocol. This may mediate adaptations specific to these different types of training regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Hulmi
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Korkeila P, Mustonen P, Koistinen J, Nyman K, Ylitalo A, Karjalainen P, Lund J, Airaksinen J. Clinical and laboratory risk factors of thrombotic complications after pacemaker implantation: a prospective study. Europace 2010; 12:817-24. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Ahtiainen JP, Hulmi JJ, Kraemer WJ, Lehti M, Pakarinen A, Mero AA, Karavirta L, Sillanpää E, Selänne H, Alen M, Komulainen J, Kovanen V, Nyman K, Häkkinen K. Stength, Endurance or Combined Training Elicit Diverse Skeletal Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform Proportion but Unaltered Androgen Receptor Concentration in Older Men. Int J Sports Med 2009; 30:879-87. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Exner DV, Ramza BL, Kutarski A, Malecka B, Zabek A, Goncalves A, Lopes R, Sousa A, Medeiros F, Parada MA, Campos J, Maciel MA}J, Kutarski A, Malecka B, Zabek A, Scott PA, Chow W, Ellis E, Turner NG, Morgan JM, Roberts PR, Korkeila P, Mustonen P, Koistinen J, Nyman K, Ylitalo A, Karjalainen P, Lund J, Airaksinen J, Jais P, Reddy V, Neuzil P, D'avila A, Hallier B, Ritter P, Bordachar P, Haissaguerre M, Nakajima H, Igawa OI, Adachi MA, Marchese P, Delle Donne G, Malavasi V, Casali E, Modena MG, Geller L, Szilagyi SZ, Zima E, Molnar L, Tahin T, Szucs G, Roka A, Merkely B, Gasparini G, Mangino D, Rossillo A, Madalosso M, Polesel E, Raviele A, Toluie K, Mounir M, Hedayati A, Diaz J, Green M, Jetton E, Oza A, Scipione P, Misiani A, Cecchetti P, Rita E, Francioni M, Molini S, Capucci A, Claessens P, Roose I, Crocq C, Mayoux G, Irigoyen J, Bauple JL, Razani M, Dubin K, Luedorff G, Grove R, Wolff E, Kranig W, Thale J, Zanon F, Baracca E, Pastore G, Aggio S, Piergentili C, Conte L, Bortolazzi A, Roncon L. Poster Session 2: Pacing leads. Europace 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Karjalainen PP, Vikman S, Niemela M, Porela P, Ylitalo A, Vaittinen MA, Puurunen M, Airaksinen TJ, Nyman K, Vahlberg T, Airaksinen KJ. Safety of percutaneous coronary intervention during uninterrupted oral anticoagulant treatment. Eur Heart J 2008; 29:1001-10. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Häkkinen A, Pakarinen A, Hannonen P, Kautiainen H, Nyman K, Kraemer WJ, Häkkinen K. Effects of prolonged combined strength and endurance training on physical fitness, body composition and serum hormones in women with rheumatoid arthritis and in healthy controls. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005; 23:505-12. [PMID: 16095120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of a 21-week combined strength and endurance training period on physical fitness, serum hormone concentrations, and subcutaneous fat in 23 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 12 matched healthy subjects was studied. METHODS The measurements included leg extension forces and EMG activity, muscle and fat thickness on thigh, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and serum concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), and cortisol. RESULTS During the training period significant increases took place in VO2max, muscle strength and EMG activity in both groups. The increases of the quadriceps femoris thickness were 6.5% (p < 0.001) in the healthy controls and 7.4% (p < 0.001) in the RA cases. The decreases in subcutaneous fat thicknesses were 9.9% (p < 0.001) and 12.3% (p < 0.001), respectively. No significant changes were found in serum hormone concentrations, but RA women showed lower levels of IGF-I during the whole follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In RA women with stable disease the combined strength and endurance training increases physical fitness. Further the training increases muscle mass and decreases subcutaneous fat. It may decrease risks of cardiovascular diseases in RA patients. The intensive training had minor effects on serum hormone concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Häkkinen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.
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Häkkinen A, Hannonen P, Nyman K, Lyyski T, Häkkinen K. Effects of concurrent strength and endurance training in women with early or longstanding rheumatoid arthritis: Comparison with healthy subjects. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2003; 49:789-97. [PMID: 14673965 DOI: 10.1002/art.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a 21-week concurrent strength and endurance training protocol on physical fitness profile in women with early or longstanding rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with healthy subjects. METHODS Twenty-three female patients with RA volunteered for the study. Twelve had early RA and eleven had longstanding RA. Twelve healthy women served as controls. Maximal strength of different muscle groups was measured by dynamometers, walking speed with light cells, and vertical squat jump on the force platform to mirror explosive force. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured by gas analyzer. Six training sessions (3 strength training and 3 endurance training) were carried out in a 2-week period for 21 weeks. RESULTS The training led to large gains in maximal strength both in women with RA and in healthy women (P < 0.043-0.001). The strength gains were accompanied by increases in walking speed (P < 0.034-0.001) and vertical squat jump (P < 0.034-0.001). Significant improvements also occurred in maximal aerobic capacity in all groups (P < 0.023-0.014). CONCLUSIONS Both early and longstanding RA patients with stable disease can safely improve all characteristics of their physical fitness profile using a progressive concurrent strength and endurance training protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Häkkinen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Central Finland Health Care District, Central Hospital, Keskussairaalantie 19, Jyväskylä, Finland 40620.
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Nyman K, Bergens A, Björin AS, Guterstam P, Nyrén O, Jansson U, Wettermark B, Bergman U. [Feedback on prescribing profiles at a primary health center. Important element in quality assurance of drug prescription]. Lakartidningen 2001; 98:160-4. [PMID: 11271576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
DU90%--the number of drugs that account for 90% of DDDs--and adherence to guidelines in this segment were proposed by the Swedish Medical Quality Council (MKR) as indicators for assessing the quality of drug prescribing. We tested these indicators at a primary health care (PHC) center in Stockholm. Bar-coded prescriptions purchased at pharmacies were compared with the guidelines issued by the regional drug committee. The data were presented and discussed at the PHC center. Although the DU90% method neither examines the appropriateness of use nor provides outcome data, it was shown to be an inexpensive, flexible and simple method for assessing the general quality of drug prescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nyman
- Sydvästra läkemedelskommittén i Stockholms läns landsting.
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Nyman K. [A blow for children's violation]. Vardfacket 1998; 22:19. [PMID: 9538827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nyman K. [Health care employees see worsening working conditions]. Vardfacket 1998; 22:12-3. [PMID: 9538825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nyman K. [Political polarization--hot debate on nursing and marketing]. Vardfacket 1998; 22:8-10. [PMID: 9528623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Nyman K. [Care of the aged--medically accountable nurses should clean up in community care]. Vardfacket 1998; 22:14-5. [PMID: 9528625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Nyman K. [Profession proposes more nurse managers]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:38-39. [PMID: 9483135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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21
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Forslind E, Nyman K, Thomasson J, Wanland I. [Society changes name after 17 years of debate]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:4-5. [PMID: 9483122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Nyman K. [To earn general trust]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:27. [PMID: 9483129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Nyman K. ["Take over home care". District nurses write a letter to the community]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:15-6. [PMID: 9393133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Nyman K. [Coffee-break syndrome]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:17. [PMID: 9386628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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25
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Nyman K. [International Council of Nurses soon to exist 100 years]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:16. [PMID: 9370818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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26
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Nyman K. [Entrepreneurs--nurses who want to fulfill themselves]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:24. [PMID: 9370823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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27
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Nyman K. [Equipped for the new jobs?]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:23. [PMID: 9362962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Nyman K. [When health care changes nurses must exert pressure]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:50-1. [PMID: 9516810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Nyman K. [A new role in health care]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:21. [PMID: 9456874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Nyman K. [Strike lay-off for health service officials?]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:14. [PMID: 9456872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Nyman K. [A respectable pension]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:27. [PMID: 9447177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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32
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Nyman K. [Different proposal for new pension agreement]. Vardfacket 1997; 21:24-5. [PMID: 9447176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Engfeldt P, Danielsson B, Nyman K, Aberg K, Aberg H. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in elderly normotensive individuals and its reproducibility after one year. J Hum Hypertens 1994; 8:545-50. [PMID: 7990078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To study ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and its reproducibility in healthy normotensive elderly subjects, 34 individuals were randomly selected. Their ages were 65 years (n = 10), 70 years (n = 10), 75 years (n = 8) and 80 years (n = 6). SpaceLabs 90207 system was used and one initial and a follow-up measurement after one year was performed. It was found that 24h ABP easily could be recorded in elderly subjects. A mean of 97% of the measurements were successful and only two of 34 subjects dropped out because of measurement failures. Nocturnal blood pressures were lower in all age groups and in both sexes. The standard deviations of the differences between the baseline and one year measurements were for the daytime period 8/4 mmHg and for the nighttime period 12/8 mmHg. In conclusion, ABP is easily accepted as a clinical method in normotensive elderly subjects. In all subjects there is a reduction of the nocturnal blood pressure and the reproducibility of ABP after one year is good.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Engfeldt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Family Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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Nyman K. Why palliative care? Aust Fam Physician 1994; 23:1197-9. [PMID: 7520230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
And so there we have it in a nutshell--palliative care is about caring. Caring for those who are dying and for those who look after them and then grieve their loss. Palliative care has risen like a phoenix from the ashes of neglect and bad management which, until recently, had been the lot of the dying. Perhaps this new specialty may become a guiding beacon leading a profession, somewhat bewitched and side tracked by its own scientific cleverness, back to the road of caring. I sincerely hope that as the specialty gains recognition it does not lose its present identify and fine sense of purpose.
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Nyman K. [Parliament says no to conscience clause]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:11. [PMID: 7801680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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36
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Nyman K. [In Stenungsund priorities do not disappear when funds break down]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:52-3. [PMID: 7801690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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37
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Nyman K. [Voluntary work prevalent everywhere]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:16. [PMID: 7801694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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38
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Nyman K. [Voluntary workers enrich nursing]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:14-5. [PMID: 7801693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Tomita G, Nyman K, Raitta C, Kawamura M. Interocular asymmetry of optic disc size and its relevance to visual field loss in normal-tension glaucoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1994; 232:290-6. [PMID: 8045438 DOI: 10.1007/bf00194478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the relevance of interocular asymmetry of optic disc size to the level of intraocular pressure and the extent of optic disc and visual field changes in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Fifty-two eyes of 26 patients with NTG were measured for optic disc topography using a computerized image analysis system (IMAGEnet, Topcon), diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP), and Octopus automated visual field. Of the 26 patients, 22 had interocular asymmetry of the optic disc area of at least 0.01 mm2 and of mean IOP of at least 0.3 mmHg. Of these 22 patients, 8 had the higher mean IOP in the eye with the larger optic disc. In these 8 patients, the visual field defect was significantly more advanced in the eye with the larger optic disc (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, P < 0.05). These findings appear to support the hypothesis that an eye with a large optic disc may be more vulnerable to a rise in IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki, Central Hospital, Finland
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Nyman K, Tomita G, Raitta C, Kawamura M. Correlation of asymmetry of visual field loss with optic disc topography in normal-tension glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1994; 112:349-53. [PMID: 8129660 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1994.01090150079027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the differences in optic disc configuration with different stages of visual field loss in normal-tension glaucoma. DESIGN Interocular pairwise comparisons. SETTING Glaucoma clinic of a teaching hospital. PATIENTS Thirteen patients with normal-tension glaucoma and asymmetric visual field loss of at least 2.5 dB in the mean defect of the visual field indexes. INTERVENTIONS Areas under the optic disc profiles mapped from values for radial sections of the optic disc measured at intervals of 30 degrees and expressed as percentages of the area of a rectangle were obtained from stereophotographs with a computerized image analysis system. Visual fields were tested with automated perimetry (OCTOPUS), using program G1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Correlation analyses between the interocular differences in the areas under the optic disc profile and the interocular differences in the visual field indexes. RESULTS The correlation coefficients between the interocular differences in mean defect and those of the area under the optic disc profile in the superior to temporal sections ranged from -.71 to -.61 (.007 < P < .028). The interocular differences in loss variance correlated with the differences in the area under the optic disc profile in the superior section (r = -.61, P = .0252). CONCLUSION The differences in visual field loss between the two eyes in normal-tension glaucoma appear mainly to reflect morphometric changes in the superior half of the optic disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nyman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Nyman K. [Different demand and direction provides nursing college profile]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:14-5. [PMID: 7998441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Nyman K. [Equal education is goal for SHSTF policy]. Vardfacket 1994; 18:15-6. [PMID: 7998442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Nyman K. Pointing the finger. Aust Fam Physician 1993; 22:2057. [PMID: 8304863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abstract
The IOP-lowering effect of topical glaucoma medication has been studied mainly in eyes with ocular hypertension or high tension glaucoma. We tested the IOP-lowering effect of the commonly used topical medications (pilocarpine, timolol and betaxolol) in eyes with normal tension glaucoma. Instillation of 2% pilocarpine hydrochloride three times a day had no statistically significant lowering effect on the IOP level (F test, P = 0.0596, n = 18). 0.5% timolol maleate administered twice a day (n = 16) and 0.5% betaxolol hydrochloride administered twice a day (n = 17) led to statistically significant lowering of the IOP level (F test, P < 0.0001 for timolol and P = 0.0001 for betaxolol). There was no statistically significant difference in IOP-reducing effect whether topical IOP-lowering medication had been used previously or not. The results for 11 eyes participating in all three tests were similar to the results for the other eyes in the three test groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nyman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
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Nyman K. [Philippines--measles and soldiers are greatest threat to mountain dwellers]. Vardfacket 1993; 17:16-7. [PMID: 8197819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Nyman K. [The Philippines--from here nurses move away from violence and low wages]. Vardfacket 1993; 17:10-3. [PMID: 8178563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abstract
The toxicity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) has been suggested to be involved in the pathology of a number of severe diseases including septic shock and acute pancreatitis. However, testing the toxicity of these substances is difficult in vivo. In the present study we compared the toxicity of PLA2s from three snake venoms, bee venom and human pancreas on MCF-7 cells grown in culture. Tetrazolium microculture assays were developed to test the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of PLA2 on MCF-7 cells. These tests are based on the ability of viable cells to reduce a tetrazolium-based compound MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] to a blue formazan product. Leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) from the cells into the culture medium was also measured. There were marked differences in the toxicity of the PLA2s tested. Cobra (Naja mosambique mosambique) venom PLA2 was toxic to the cells at a concentration of 4.5 U/ml. Light microscopic changes were seen in the injured cells after 3 hr treatment. Sixty-seven per cent of cells were dead after 24 hr treatment. Treatment for 4 hr caused irreversible changes in the cells. Leakage of LD was noted from 4 hr onwards. Other snake (Crotalus adamanteus and Laticauda semifasciata) venom PLA2s, even after continuous exposure to 4.5 U/ml caused only slight decreases in values obtained in the MTT test. No morphologic changes suggesting a cytotoxic effect were seen. PLA2 from bee (Apis mellifera) venom had no toxic effect, either. Continuous exposure of cells to human pancreatic PLA2 caused a 15% decrease in the MTT-test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martikainen
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Finland
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Nyman K. [How do women react to wearing diapers? Silence aggravates problems]. Vardfacket 1993; 17:22. [PMID: 8140788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Nyman K, Thomasson J. [Let us raise our voices! Inferior care for the weak? Not on your life!]. Vardfacket 1993; 17:4-8. [PMID: 8140791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Nyman K. [Nurses can do more in ultrasonic diagnosis]. Vardfacket 1993; 17:20. [PMID: 8128772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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