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He Y, Li X, Li Y, Kuai D, Zhang H, Wang Y, Tian W. Dehydroepiandrosterone with a high-fat diet treatment at inducing polycystic ovary syndrome in rat model. Steroids 2024; 206:109424. [PMID: 38642598 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA combined with a high-fat diet (HFD) treatment of reproductive and endocrine metabolism in rats and then identify an ideal model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Three-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with DHEA or oil, fed with or without a HFD, for 21 days, during which body weight, feed intake, and estrous cycle monitoring were carried out. Fasting blood glucose was measured, and serum fasting insulin, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were estimated by ELISA. Serum total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by colorimetric assay. Whereas, histologic changes in rat ovaries were evaluated by H&E staining. Ovarian steroid hormone synthases and their protein levels (StAR, 3β-HSD2, 17β-HSD1, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1) were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS Both DHEA and DHEA + HFD-treated rats lost a regular estrous cycle; had polycystic ovarian changes, significantly higher serum fasting insulin and testosterone levels; and increased ovarian StAR, 3β-HSD2, and CYP11A1 protein levels. Additionally, rats in the DHEA + HFD-treated group were obese; had elevated fasting blood glucose, TG, DHT, AMH levels and LH:FSH ratios; increased ovarian 17β-HSD1 protein levels. CONCLUSION DHEA combined with HFD treatment is more effective at inducing PCOS than DHEA alone. The reproductive and endocrine metabolic aspects of this method are more consistent with the clinical characteristics of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Kuai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyan Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Qian Y, Tong Y, Zeng Y, Huang J, Liu K, Xie Y, Chen J, Gao M, Liu L, Zhao J, Hong Y, Nie X. Integrated lipid metabolomics and proteomics analysis reveal the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Transl Med 2024; 22:364. [PMID: 38632610 PMCID: PMC11022415 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinological and metabolic disorder that can lead to female infertility. Lipid metabolomics and proteomics are the new disciplines in systems biology aimed to discover metabolic pathway changes in diseases and diagnosis of biomarkers. This study aims to reveal the features of PCOS to explore its pathogenesis at the protein and metabolic level. METHODS We collected follicular fluid samples and granulosa cells of women with PCOS and normal women who underwent in vitro fertilization(IVF) and embryo transfer were recruited. The samples were for the lipidomic study and the proteomic study based on the latest metabolomics and proteomics research platform. RESULTS Lipid metabolomic analysis revealed abnormal metabolism of glycerides, glycerophospholipids, and sphingomyelin in the FF of PCOS. Differential lipids were strongly linked with the rate of high-quality embryos. In total, 144 differentially expressed proteins were screened in ovarian granulosa cells in women with PCOS compared to controls. Go functional enrichment analysis showed that differential proteins were associated with blood coagulation and lead to follicular development disorders. CONCLUSION The results showed that the differential lipid metabolites and proteins in PCOS were closely related to follicle quality,which can be potential biomarkers for oocyte maturation and ART outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yun Tong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yaqiong Zeng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingyu Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kailu Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Mengya Gao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yanli Hong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Francone NO, Ramirez T, Boots CE. Contemporary Management of the Patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2023; 50:695-705. [PMID: 37914488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex syndrome that affects menstrual regularity, causes hyperandrogenism, increases the risk of metabolic dysfunction and infertility, and is associated with higher rates of mental health disorders. The symptoms of PCOS are unique to each individual and will evolve throughout their reproductive lifespan and beyond. Thus, care should be personalized and provided by an appropriate team of multidisciplinary physicians and clinicians, such as dieticians and psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Omar Francone
- McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, 259 East Erie, Suite 2400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tia Ramirez
- McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, 259 East Erie, Suite 2400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Christina E Boots
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, 259 East Erie, Suite 2400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Wei D, Marrachelli VG, Melgarejo JD, Liao CT, Janssens S, Verhamme P, Vanassche T, Van Aelst L, Monleon D, Redón J, Zhang ZY. Lipoprotein profiles of fat distribution and its association with insulin sensitivity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:978745. [PMID: 36387872 PMCID: PMC9640977 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.978745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat deposition is associated with adverse outcomes. Waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio is a simple feasible index to assess fat distribution. Lipoprotein particle composition in relation to WHR and to what extent their association is mediated by insulin sensitivity are less investigated. METHODS In 504 randomly recruited Flemish (mean age: 48.9 years; women: 51.6%), we analyzed the lipoprotein particle constitutions using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. WHR obesity described a WHR of ≥ 0.85 for women or 0.9 for men. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). SCORE-2 risk algorithm was applied to estimate 10-year cardiovascular risk. Statistical methods included multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis, logistic regression analysis, and mediation analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of WHR obesity was 54.6%, approximately 3 times of BMI-determined obesity (19.1%). Individuals with WHR obesity had significantly higher metabolic complications, such as hypertension (57.1%), dyslipidemia (61.8%), and insulin resistance (14.2%). WHR and WHR obesity were positively associated with total very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle concentration, remnant cholesterol, and triglycerides, but were negatively associated with VLDL particle size (P ≤ 0.027), independent of body mass index and other covariates. WHR was inversely associated with total high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle concentration, whereas WHR obesity was inversely associated with HDL cholesterol (P ≤ 0.039). Neither WHR nor WHR obesity was associated with the concentration of total low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, LDL particle size, and LDL cholesterol (P ≥ 0.089). In the mediation analysis, insulin sensitivity significantly mediated the effect of WHR on total VLDL particle concentration (mediation percentage: 37.0%), remnant cholesterol (47.7%), and HDL cholesterol (41.1%). Individuals with WHR obesity were at increased cardiovascular risk, regardless of LDL cholesterol (P ≤0.028). In WHR obesity, higher total VLDL particle concent36ration and remnant cholesterol, and lower HDL cholesterol were associated with an increased cardiovascular risk (P≤ 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Upper-body fat deposition was independently associated with an unfavorable lipoprotein profile, and insulin sensitivity significantly mediated this association. LDL cholesterol might underestimate lipid abnormality for people with upper-body obesity and lowering VLDL particles and remnant cholesterol might potentially reduce the residual cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vannina González Marrachelli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesus D. Melgarejo
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chia-Te Liao
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Verhamme
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Vanassche
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Van Aelst
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel Monleon
- INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Redón
- INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Zhen-Yu Zhang,
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Shen W, Qu Y, Jiang H, Wang H, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Wu X, Han Y, Zhang Y. Therapeutic effect and safety of curcumin in women with PCOS: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1051111. [PMID: 36387924 PMCID: PMC9646792 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1051111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-factorial heterogeneous syndrome that has both adverse reproductive and metabolic implications for affected women and its management is a challenging clinical problem. Curcumin, as a phenolic compound with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties exerting positive effects on the lipid profile and insulin resistance, appears to be a valuable treatment regimen for patients with PCOS. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of curcumin in the treatment of PCOS. METHODS Chinese databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine Databases, VIP database, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) and English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Clinical trials) were thoroughly investigated through screening randomized controlled trials on curcumin in PCOS published from the date of inception to May 2022. Standardized data search and abstraction were conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. RESULTS A total of 447 patients from seven randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that the ingestion of curcumin decreased body mass index (WMD -0.267, 95% CI -0.450 to -0.084, P = 0.004, I2 = 0.0%), fasting plasma glucose (WMD -3.618, 95% CI -5.165 to -2.071, P < 0.001, I2 = 20.4%), insulin (WMD -1.834, 95% CI -2.701 to -0.968, P < 0.001, I2 = 8.4%), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (WMD -0.565, 95% CI -0.779 to -0.351, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%), total cholesterol (WMD -15.591, 95% CI -27.908 to -3.273, P = 0.013, I2 = 68.9%), C-reactive protein (WMD -0.785, 95% CI -1.553 to -0.017, P = 0.045, I2 = 23.9%), and increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (WMD 0.011, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.017, P = 0.001, I2 = 39.6%). As for safety, the treatment group did not cause significant adverse reactions than that in the control group. CONCLUSION In light of presented findings, curcumin has beneficial effects on serum markers of inflammation, weight loss and glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with PCOS. The incidence of adverse reactions does not increase with the application of curcumin. However, a larger, more definitive study is needed to further investigate these results. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022332394.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yangfan Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cixi People’s Hospital Medical and Health Group, Cixi, China
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhua Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Zhang,
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Livadas S, Macut D, Bothou C, Kuliczkowska-Płaksej J, Vryonidou A, Bjekic-Macut J, Mouslech Z, Milewicz A, Panidis D. Insulin resistance, androgens, and lipids are gradually improved in an age-dependent manner in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome: insights from a large Caucasian cohort. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:531-539. [PMID: 32451980 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), considered a lifelong condition, manifests mainly as a cluster of hyperandrogenic symptoms during the early reproductive years, with the affected woman gradually developing an adverse cardiometabolic profile over the years. However, some data point to the possibility of differences in the evolution of PCOS according to a woman's weight. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the metabolic and hormonal profiles of women with PCOS over time. METHODS A total of 763 lean women with PCOS (BMI 20-25 kg/m2) and 376 controls were included. The study group was further divided into three age groups representing women post-adolescence, of reproductive age, and of late reproductive age. All subjects were assessed clinically, biochemically, and hormonally. RESULTS Waist circumference, lipids, androgens, and insulin resistance index (homeostasis model assessment of IR index (HOMA-IR)) were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with controls. Age subgroup analysis showed a progressive decrease of HOMA-IR and waist circumference, and lipid levels were comparable between PCOS and controls in all age groups. Androgens remained significantly higher in PCOS, but they gradually decreased through time. A significant negative association of age with waist circumference, androgens, insulin, and HOMA-IR was revealed. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis disclosed a strong correlation of HOMA-IR with age (p = 0.014, β - 0.19, SE coefficient 0.008) as a single parameter or in combination with total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001, age: β - 0.023, SE 0.10; TC: β 0.084, SE 0.027). CONCLUSION Insulin resistance, androgens, and lipids are gradually improved in an age-dependent manner in lean PCOS women. We hypothesize that if these women do not gain weight with the passage of time, there is a high probability that their cardiometabolic risk will be attenuated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Livadas
- Endocrine Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, 6 Ermou Str, 10563, Athens, Greece.
| | - D Macut
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - C Bothou
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Kuliczkowska-Płaksej
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Vryonidou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Bjekic-Macut
- Department of Endocrinology, UMC Bežanijska kosa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Z Mouslech
- 1st Medical Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Milewicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, University of Medicine, Wrocław, Poland
| | - D Panidis
- Gynecological Endocrinology Infirmary of the Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Newman CB, Blaha MJ, Boord JB, Cariou B, Chait A, Fein HG, Ginsberg HN, Goldberg IJ, Murad MH, Subramanian S, Tannock LR. Lipid Management in Patients with Endocrine Disorders: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5909161. [PMID: 32951056 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This guideline will provide the practicing endocrinologist with an approach to the assessment and treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with endocrine diseases, with the objective of preventing cardiovascular (CV) events and triglyceride-induced pancreatitis. The guideline reviews data on dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in patients with endocrine disorders and discusses the evidence for the correction of dyslipidemia by treatment of the endocrine disease. The guideline also addresses whether treatment of the endocrine disease reduces ASCVD risk. CONCLUSION This guideline focuses on lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities associated with endocrine diseases, including diabetes mellitus, and whether treatment of the endocrine disorder improves not only the lipid abnormalities, but also CV outcomes. Based on the available evidence, recommendations are made for the assessment and management of dyslipidemia in patients with endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie B Newman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey B Boord
- Department of Administration and Parkview Physicians Group Endocrinology Section, Parkview Health System, Fort Wayne, Indiana
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Department of Endocrinology, L'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alan Chait
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Henry G Fein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Henry N Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-based Practice Center, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Lisa R Tannock
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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He FF, Li YM. Role of gut microbiota in the development of insulin resistance and the mechanism underlying polycystic ovary syndrome: a review. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:73. [PMID: 32552864 PMCID: PMC7301991 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder. Typically, it is characterized by hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, menstrual disorders and infertility. To date, its pathogenesis remains unclear. However, insulin resistance (IR) is considered as the primary pathological basis for its reproductive dysfunction. On the other hand, a condition in which insulin is over-secreted is called hyperinsulinemia. IR/Hyperinsulinemia is associated with chronic inflammation, hormonal changes, follicular dysplasia, endometrial receptivity changes, and abortion or infertility. Additionally, it increases incidence of complications during pregnancy and has been associated with anxiety, depression, and other psychological disorders. Gut microbiota, the "second genome" acquired by the human body, can promote metabolism, immune response through interaction with the external environment. Gut microbiota dysbiosis can cause IR, which is closely linked to the occurrence of PCOS. This article reviewed recent findings on the roles of gut microbiota in the development of insulin resistance and the mechanism underlying polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang He
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Xiangya Hospital affiliated Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Xiangya Hospital affiliated Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Insenser M, Moncayo S, Martínez‐García MÁ, Fernández‐Durán E, Samino S, Álvarez‐Blasco F, Luque‐Ramírez M, Escobar‐Morreale HF. 2D Diffusion‐Ordered
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H‐NMR Spectroscopy Lipidomic Profiling after Oral Single Macronutrient Loads: Influence of Obesity, Sex, and Female Androgen Excess. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900928. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - Samuel Moncayo
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Martínez‐García
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - Elena Fernández‐Durán
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - Sara Samino
- Departament d'Enginyeria ElectrònicaElèctrica i AutomàticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Reus Tarragona E‐43007 Spain
| | - Francisco Álvarez‐Blasco
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - Manuel Luque‐Ramírez
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
| | - Héctor F. Escobar‐Morreale
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research GroupDepartment of Endocrinology & NutritionHospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Madrid E‐28034 Spain
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10
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Synergistic Effects of Hyperandrogenemia and Obesogenic Western-style Diet on Transcription and DNA Methylation in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Nonhuman Primates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19232. [PMID: 31848372 PMCID: PMC6917716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major reproductive disorder that is responsible for 80% of anovulatory infertility and that is associated with hyperandrogenemia, increased risk of obesity, and white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction. We have previously demonstrated that the combination of chronic testosterone (T) treatment and an obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD) exerts synergistic functional effects on WAT, leading to increased lipid accumulation in visceral adipocytes by an unknown mechanism. In this study, we examined the whole-genome transcriptional response in visceral WAT to T and WSD, alone and in combination. We observed a synergistic effect of T and WSD on gene expression, resulting in upregulation of lipid storage genes concomitant with adipocyte hypertrophy. Because DNA methylation is known to be associated with body fat distribution and the etiology of PCOS, we conducted whole-genome DNA methylation analysis of visceral WAT. While only a fraction of differentially expressed genes also exhibited differential DNA methylation, in silico analysis showed that differentially methylated regions were enriched in transcription factor binding motifs, suggesting a potential gene regulatory role for these regions. In summary, this study demonstrates that hyperandrogenemia alone does not induce global transcriptional and epigenetic response in young female macaques unless combined with an obesogenic diet.
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11
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Gourgari E, Ma J, Playford MP, Mehta NN, Goldman R, Remaley AT, Gordon SM. Proteomic alterations of HDL in youth with type 1 diabetes and their associations with glycemic control: a case-control study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:43. [PMID: 30922315 PMCID: PMC6437869 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) typically have normal or even elevated plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations; however, HDL protein composition can be altered without a change in cholesterol content. Alteration of the HDL proteome can result in dysfunctional HDL particles with reduced ability to protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to compare the HDL proteomes of youth with T1DM and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate the influence of glycemic control on HDL protein composition. Methods This was a cross-sectional case–control study. Blood samples were obtained from patients with T1DM and HC. HDL was isolated from plasma by size-exclusion chromatography and further purified using a lipid binding resin. The HDL proteome was analyzed by mass spectrometry using label-free SWATH peptide quantification. Results Samples from 26 patients with T1DM and 13 HC were analyzed and 78 HDL-bound proteins were measured. Youth with T1DM had significantly increased amounts of complement factor H related protein 2 (FHR2; adjusted P < 0.05), compared to HC. When patients were analyzed based on glucose control, several trends emerged. Some proteins were altered in T1DM and not influenced by glycemic control (e.g. FHR2) while others were partially or completely corrected with optimal glucose control (e.g. alpha-1-beta glycoprotein, A1BG). In a subgroup of poorly controlled T1DM patients, inter alpha trypsin inhibitor 4 (ITIH4) was dramatically elevated (P < 0.0001) and this was partially reversed in patients with optimal glucose control. Some proteins including complement component C3 (CO3) and albumin (ALB) were significantly different only in T1DM patients with optimal glucose control, suggesting a possible effect of exogenous insulin. Conclusions Youth with T1DM have proteomic alterations of their HDL compared to HC, despite similar concentration of HDL cholesterol. The influence of these compositional changes on HDL function are not yet known. Future efforts should focus on investigating the role of these HDL associated proteins in regard to HDL function and their role in CVD risk in patients with T1DM. Trial registration NCT02275091 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-019-0846-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Gourgari
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20016, USA.
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Radoslav Goldman
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Scott M Gordon
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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12
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Prenatal exposure to testosterone induces cardiac hypertrophy in adult female rats through enhanced Pkcδ expression in cardiac myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:1-10. [PMID: 30641088 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High circulating androgen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in offspring. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether maternal androgen excess in the rat PCOS model would lead to cardiac hypertrophy in offspring. Maternal testosterone propionate (maternal-TP)-treated adult female offspring displayed cardiac hypertrophy associated with local high cardiac dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The molecular markers of cardiac hypertrophy along with androgen receptor (AR) and PKCδ, were increased in the Maternal-TP group. Treatment of primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and H9c2 cells with DHT significantly increased cell size and upregulated PKCδ expression, which could be attenuated by AR antagonist. Treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, significantly increased cell size and upregulated myh7 level. Rottlerin, that may inhibit PKCδ, significantly reduced the hypertrophic effect of DHT and PMA on NRCMs and H9c2 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that AR could bind to Pkcδ promoter. Our results indicate that prenatal exposure to testosterone may induce cardiac hypertrophy in adult female rats through enhanced Pkcδ expression in cardiac myocytes.
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13
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Gourgari E, Playford MP, Campia U, Dey AK, Cogen F, Gubb-Weiser S, Mete M, Desale S, Sampson M, Taylor A, Rother KI, Remaley AT, Mehta NN. Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:158. [PMID: 30567548 PMCID: PMC6299549 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors for CVD include an elevation of LDL (LDLp) and small HDL (sHDLp) particles, and a decrease in reverse cholesterol transport i.e. HDL-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). Our objective was to compare lipoprotein particles and CEC between T1DM and healthy controls (HC) and to explore the associations between NMR lipid particles and cholesterol efflux. Methods 78 patients with T1DM and 59 HC underwent fasting lipoprotein profile testing by NMR and measurements of CEC by cell-based method. The associations between NMR lipid particles with CEC were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. Results Youth with T1DM had higher total LDLp 724 [(563–985) vs 622 (476–794) nmol/L (P = 0.011)] (Maahs et al. in Circulation 130(17):1532–58, 2014; Shah et al. in Pediatr Diabetes 16(5):367–74, 2015), sHDLp [11.20 (5.7–15.3) vs 7.0 (3.2–13.1) μmol/L (P = 0.021)], and lower medium HDLp [11.20 (8.5–14.5) vs 12.3 (9–19.4), (P = 0.049)] and lower CEC (0.98 ± 0.11% vs 1.05 ± 0.15%, P = 0.003) compared to HC. Moreover, CEC correlated with sHDLp (β = − 0.28, P = 0.045) and large HDLp (β = 0.46, P < 0.001) independent of age, sex, ethnicity, BMIz, HbA1c, hsCRP and total HDLp in the diabetic cohort. Conclusions Youth with T1DM demonstrated a more atherogenic profile including higher sHDL and LDLp and lower CEC. Future efforts should focus on considering adding lipoprotein particles and CEC in CVD risk stratification of youth with T1DM. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT02275091
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Gourgari
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, 4200 Wisconsin Avenue, N.W, 4th Floor, Washington, DC, 20016, USA.
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Umberto Campia
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fran Cogen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Health Systems, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Mihriye Mete
- Department of Biostatistics and Biomedical Informatics, MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Sameer Desale
- Department of Biostatistics and Biomedical Informatics, MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Maureen Sampson
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allen Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kristina I Rother
- Section on Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Jacewicz-Święcka M, Kowalska I. Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of cardiometabolic complications in longitudinal studies. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3054. [PMID: 30089337 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to perform a review of the longitudinal studies to determine whether polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with higher prevalence of metabolic complications and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The primary outcomes included body mass index, metabolic syndrome and its components (waist circumference, lipid profile, arterial hypertension, abnormal glucose metabolism (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes), insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases like stroke, angina, and coronary heart disease. Complications in pregnant women were beyond the scope of this review. PubMed database (1992-2018) was searched to identify proper publications. Finally, data from 47 articles were analysed. Studies differed in the design (prospective, retrospective, cohort, observational), research methods, polycystic ovary syndrome diagnostic criteria, studied populations, race, and ethnicity of the participants. Based on the data collected, it appears that women with polycystic ovary syndrome have higher prevalence of obesity, abdominal fat distribution, dyslipidaemia and deterioration of glucose metabolism, but increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is not proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Jacewicz-Święcka
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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15
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Varlamov O, Bishop CV, Handu M, Takahashi D, Srinivasan S, White A, Roberts CT. Combined androgen excess and Western-style diet accelerates adipose tissue dysfunction in young adult, female nonhuman primates. Hum Reprod 2018; 32:1892-1902. [PMID: 28854720 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the separate and combined effects of mild hyperandrogenemia and consumption of a high-fat Western-style diet (WSD) on white adipose tissue (WAT) morphology and function in young adult female nonhuman primates? SUMMARY ANSWER Combined exposure to mild hyperandrogenemia and WSD induces visceral omental (OM-WAT) but not subcutaneous (SC-WAT) adipocyte hypertrophy that is associated with increased uptake and reduced mobilization of free fatty acids. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Mild hyperandrogenemia in females, principally in the context of polycystic ovary syndrome, is often associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, but the mechanisms of associated WAT dysfunction and depot specificity remain poorly understood. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATION Female rhesus macaques were randomly assigned at 2.5 years of age (near menarche) to receive either cholesterol (C; n = 20) or testosterone (T; n = 20)-containing silastic implants to elevate T levels 5-fold above baseline. Half of each of these groups was then fed either a low-fat monkey chow diet or WSD, resulting in four treatment groups (C, control diet; T alone; WSD alone; T + WSD; n = 10/group) that were maintained until the current analyses were performed at 5.5 years of age (3 years of treatment, young adults). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING AND METHODS OM and SC-WAT biopsies were collected and analyzed longitudinally for in vivo changes in adipocyte area and blood vessel density, and ex vivo basal and insulin-stimulated fatty acid uptake and basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In years 2 and 3 of treatment, the T + WSD group exhibited a significantly greater increase in OM adipocyte size compared to all other groups (P < 0.05), while the size of SC adipocytes measured at the end of the study was not significantly different between groups. In year 3, both WAT depots from the WSD and T + WSD groups displayed a significant reduction in local capillary length and vessel junction density (P < 0.05). In year 3, insulin-stimulated fatty acid uptake in OM-WAT was increased in the T + WSD group compared to year 2 (P < 0.05). In year 3, basal lipolysis was blunted in the T and T + WSD groups in both WAT depots (P < 0.01), while isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis was significantly blunted in the T and T + WSD groups only in SC-WAT (P < 0.01). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION At this stage of the study, subjects were still relatively young adults, so that the effects of mild hyperandrogenemia and WSD may become more apparent with increasing age. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The combination of mild hyperandrogenemia and WSD accelerates the development of WAT dysfunction through T-specific (suppression of lipolytic response by T), WSD-dependent (reduced capillary density) and combined T + WSD (increased fatty acid uptake) mechanisms. These data support the idea that combined hyperandrogenemia and WSD increases the risk of developing obesity in females. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Research reported in this publication was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under award number P50 HD071836 to C.T.R. and award number OD 011092 from the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, for operation of the Oregon National Primate Research Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Cecily V Bishop
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Mithila Handu
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Diana Takahashi
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Sathya Srinivasan
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Ashley White
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Charles T Roberts
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.,Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.,Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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16
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Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents: a review of past year evidence. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2016; 28:373-80. [DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Gourgari E, Spanakis E, Dobs AS. Pathophysiology, risk factors, and screening methods for prediabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Womens Health 2016; 8:381-7. [PMID: 27570464 PMCID: PMC4986967 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s104825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a syndrome associated with insulin resistance (IR), obesity, infertility, and increased cardiometabolic risk. This is a descriptive review of several mechanisms that can explain the IR among women with PCOS, other risk factors for the development of diabetes, and the screening methods used for the detection of glucose intolerance in women with PCOS. Few mechanisms can explain IR in women with PCOS such as obesity, insulin receptor signaling defects, and inhibition of insulin-mediated glucose uptake in adipocytes. Women with PCOS have additional risk factors for the development of glucose intolerance such as family history of diabetes, use of oral contraceptives, anovulation, and age. The Androgen Society in 2007 and the Endocrine Society in 2013 recommended using oral glucose tolerance test as a screening tool for abnormal glucose tolerance in all women with PCOS. The approach to detection of glucose intolerance among women with PCOS varies among health care providers. Large prospective studies are still needed for the development of guidelines with strong evidence. When assessing risk of future diabetes in women with PCOS, it is important to take into account the method used for screening as well as other risk factors that these women might have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Gourgari
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Elias Spanakis
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Adrian Sandra Dobs
- Department of Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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