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Huang L, Zhao C, Gao M, Tao Y, Chen X, Chen H, Li F, Zheng Y, Lu M, Ma Y, Rong S, Yuan C. Associations of vegetable and fruit intake with cognitive function and its decline: Two longitudinal studies. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100223. [PMID: 38598978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies suggested protective associations of vegetables and fruits (VF) intake with cognitive function, but evidence on specific types of VF was insufficient. METHODS The current study included 4066 participants from 1997 to 2006 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and 6170 participants from 2013 to 2020 in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Dietary intake (using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls in CHNS and food frequency questionnaire in HRS) and cognitive function (using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified, TICS-m) were measured. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the beta coefficients (β) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association of VF with cognitive function (z-score) and its decline. RESULTS Highest intake of total VF was associated with better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline. Differences in cognitive function z-score between the highest and lowest tertiles of VF consumption were 0.039 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.076) for CHNS and 0.063 (95% CI: 0.026, 0.100) for HRS. The corresponding differences in annual cognitive decline were 0.011 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.021) and 0.012 (95% CI: 0.003, 0.020) units respectively. Vegetables and fruits showed independent associations with cognitive function and its decline. In specific VF subgroups, when comparing the highest to the lowest tertile intake, cruciferous vegetables (β = 0.058, 95% CI: 0.017, 0.100 in CHNS and β = 0.067, 95% CI: 0.032, 0.101 in HRS) and green leafy vegetables (β = 0.036, 95% CI: -0.001, 0.073 in CHNS and β = 0.082, 95% CI: 0.046, 0.117 in HRS) was associated with better cognitive function in both cohorts. Similarly, higher intake of dark-colored vegetables (β = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.008, 0.030 for red/yellow vegetables in CHNS and β = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.007 for green leafy vegetables in HRS) were associated with slower cognitive decline in subsequent years. Moreover, rigorous sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of the results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the potential beneficial roles of VF, especially cruciferous vegetables, green leafy vegetables, and red/yellow vegetables, in maintaining cognitive function and slowing cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Huang
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Caifeng Zhao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Mengyan Gao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Yang Tao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Fengping Li
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Mengxi Lu
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Shuang Rong
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Kishida R, Yamagishi K, Iso H, Ishihara J, Yasuda N, Inoue M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Disabling Dementia: Japan Public Health Center Disabling Dementia Study. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00177-9. [PMID: 38599388 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits and vegetables contain abundant amounts of antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C, α-carotene, and β-carotene. Few prospective observational studies have investigated the effects of fruit and vegetable intake on the risk of dementia, and the results are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to examine associations between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of disabling dementia. METHODS We conducted a follow-up survey within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study involving 42,643 individuals aged 50-79 y at baseline (2000-2003). Dietary fruit and vegetable intakes and related antioxidant vitamin intakes (i.e., α-carotene, β-carotene, and vitamin C) were determined using a food frequency questionnaire. The diagnosis of disabling dementia was made based on the daily living disability status related to dementia under the Japanese long-term care insurance program from 2006 to 2016. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for disabling dementia were estimated using area-stratified Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounding factors. RESULTS A total of 4994 cases of disabling dementia were recorded. We observed an inverse association between total fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of dementia among males and females: the multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest compared with lowest quartiles of intake were 0.87 (0.76, 0.99) (P- trend = 0.05) among males and 0.85 (0.76, 0.94) (P- trend = 0.006) among females. Among antioxidant vitamins, vitamin C intake was inversely associated with the risk of dementia among males and females: the multivariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest compared with lowest quartiles of intake were 0.71 (0.61, 0.84) (P- trend < 0.0001) among males, and 0.76 (0.67, 0.86) (P- trend < 0.0001) among females. CONCLUSIONS Fruit and vegetable intake and dietary intake of vitamin C may contribute to reducing the risk of disabling dementia among males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kishida
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nobufumi Yasuda
- Department of Public Health, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan; National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
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Holthaus TA, Keye SA, Verma S, Cannavale CN, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Khan NA. Dietary patterns and carotenoid intake: Comparisons of MIND, Mediterranean, DASH, and Healthy Eating Index. Nutr Res 2024; 126:58-66. [PMID: 38615632 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) dietary pattern is associated with reduced cognitive decline and dementia risk. However, the nutrient features that distinguish the MIND from other patterns are unknown. We investigated the relationship between accordance to the MIND pattern and carotenoid intake (phytonutrients hypothesized to confer neuroprotection) relative to the Mediterranean, DASH, and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2020). We hypothesized that MIND diet accordance would be a stronger predictor of carotenoid intake relative to other diet indices. A total of 396 adults (aged 19-82 years) completed the Dietary History Questionnaire to assess carotenoid intake and adherence to each diet index. Stepwise regressions with adjustment for covariates followed by the Meng's Z-test were used to compare correlation strength between each diet pattern and carotenoid. All diet patterns were positively associated with lutein and zeaxanthin, β-carotene, α-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin (all βs ≥0.38, Ps <.01). Effect size comparisons revealed that MIND accordance predicted a greater proportion of variance in lutein and zeaxanthin (all Zs ≥ 3.3, Ps < .001) and β-carotene (all Zs ≥ 2.6, Ps < .01) relative to the Mediterranean, DASH, and HEI-2020. MIND accordance explained a greater proportion of variance in α-carotene (Z = 3.8, P < .001) and β-cryptoxanthin (Z = 3.6, P < .001) relative to the HEI-2020. MIND diet accordance was disproportionately related to carotenoid intake, indicating the MIND index places greater emphasis on carotenoid-rich foods, particularly those containing lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene, relative to other diet indices. Future research is needed to define the role of these carotenoids in nutritional interventions for cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tori A Holthaus
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Louise Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shelby A Keye
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Louise Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shreya Verma
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Louise Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Corinne N Cannavale
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Louise Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences; Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Louise Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Neuroscience Program, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Cha S, Bell L, Williams CM. The Relationship between Mushroom Intake and Cognitive Performance: An Epidemiological Study in the European Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk Cohort (EPIC-Norfolk). Nutrients 2024; 16:353. [PMID: 38337638 PMCID: PMC10857520 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The previous literature suggests that regular consumption of edible mushrooms may confer neuroprotective cognitive health benefits. To further investigate the possible association between mushrooms and brain function during ageing, data from a population-based study of diet and chronic disease (EPIC-Norfolk cohort) were analysed. Changes in mushroom intake were measured using a food frequency questionnaire at three health check (HC) points over an 18-year period, with participants categorised based on their consumption frequency. Cognitive performance was assessed at the final health check (3HC) via a battery of validated tests assessing a range of different cognitive domains. The findings revealed a significant reduction in mushroom intake over time, with 4.12% of the cohort giving up mushrooms after previously consuming them. At 3HC, mushroom consumers displayed better cognitive performance than non-consumers across multiple cognitive domains. This relationship was observed to be dose-dependent, with those consuming 1 or more portions per week showing the highest cognitive scores. These findings suggest that regular mushroom consumption may be beneficial for cognitive function during aging. Further randomised controlled trials will be needed to confirm any potential benefits of mushrooms on long-term cognitive health, alongside public health initiatives to promote mushroom consumption in this older-adult demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claire M. Williams
- School of Psychology & Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Road, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6ES, UK; (S.C.); (L.B.)
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Bhuiyan NZ, Hasan MK, Mahmud Z, Hossain MS, Rahman A. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease through diet: An exploratory review. Metabol Open 2023; 20:100257. [PMID: 37781687 PMCID: PMC10539673 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This exploratory review article describes about the genetic factors behind Alzheimer's disease (AD), their association with foods, and their relationships with cognitive impairment. It explores the dietary patterns and economic challenges in AD prevention. Methods Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles that examined the relationships between Diets, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Socioeconomic conditions in preventative Alzheimer's disease studies. Graphs and Network analysis data were taken from Scopus under the MeSH search method, including words, Alzheimer's, APoE4, Tau protein, APP, Amyloid precursor protein, Beta-Amyloid, Aβ, Mediterranean Diet, MD, DASH diet, MIND diet, SES, Socioeconomic, Developed country, Underdeveloped country, Preventions. The network analysis was done through VOS viewer. Results Mediterranean diet (MD) accurately lowers AD (Alzheimer's Disease) risk to 53% and 35% for people who follow it moderately. MIND scores had a statistically significant reduction in AD rate compared to those in the lowest tertial (53% and 35% reduction, respectively). Subjects with the highest adherence to the MD and DASH had a 54% and 39% lower risk of developing AD, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertial. Omega-6, PUFA, found in nuts and fish, can play most roles in the clearance of Aβ. Vitamin D inhibits induced fibrillar Aβ apoptosis. However, the high cost of these diet components rise doubt about the effectiveness of AD prevention through healthy diets. Conclusion The finding of this study revealed an association between diet and the effects of the chemical components of foods on AD biomarkers. More research is required to see if nutrition is a risk or a protective factor for Alzheimer's disease to encourage research to be translated into therapeutic practice and to clarify nutritional advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Zahan Bhuiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Liu X, Beck T, Dhana K, Desai P, Krueger KR, Tangney CC, Holland TM, Agarwal P, Evans DA, Rajan KB. Association of Whole Grain Consumption and Cognitive Decline: An Investigation From a Community-Based Biracial Cohort of Older Adults. Neurology 2023; 101:e2277-e2287. [PMID: 37993270 PMCID: PMC10727204 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To examine the association of whole grain consumption and longitudinal change in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory by different race/ethnicity. METHODS We included 3,326 participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project who responded to a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), with 2 or more cognitive assessments. Global cognition was assessed using a composite score of episodic memory, perceptual speed, and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Diet was assessed by a 144-item FFQ. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the association of intakes of whole grains and cognitive decline. RESULTS This study involved 3,326 participants (60.1% African American [AA], 63.7% female) with a mean age of 75 years at baseline and a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Higher consumption of whole grains was associated with a slower rate of global cognitive decline. Among AA participants, those in the highest quintile of whole grain consumption had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.024, 95% CI [0.008-0.039], p = 0.004), perceptual speed (β = 0.023, 95% CI [0.007-0.040], p = 0.005), and episodic memory (β = 0.028, 95% CI [0.005-0.050], p = 0.01) compared with those on the lowest quintile. Regarding the amount consumed, in AA participants, those who consumed >3 servings/d vs those who consumed <1 serving/d had a slower rate of decline in global cognition (β = 0.021, 95% CI [0.005-0.036], p = 0.0093). In White participants, with >3 servings/d, we found a suggestive association of whole grains with global cognitive decline when compared with those who consumed <1 serving/d (β = 0.025, 95% CI [-0.003 to 0.053], p = 0.08). DISCUSSION Among AA participants, individuals with higher consumption of whole grains and more frequent consumption of whole grain had slower decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory. We did not see a similar trend in White adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Todd Beck
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Klodian Dhana
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Pankaja Desai
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kristin R Krueger
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Christy C Tangney
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas M Holland
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Puja Agarwal
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Denis A Evans
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- From the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Internal Medicine (X.L., T.B., K.D., P.D., K.R.K., T.M.H., P.A., D.A.E., K.B.R.), Rush University Medical Center; Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine (C.C.T.), Rush University Medical Center; and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Gonçalves NG, Bertola L, Ferri CP, Suemoto CK. Rural-urban disparities in fruit and vegetable consumption and cognitive performance in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2023; 45:498-505. [PMID: 37995203 PMCID: PMC10897771 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rural residents are exposed to many risk factors for poor diet quality, such as low socioeconomic status and food insecurity. However, the differences between urban and rural residents regarding the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with cognitive performance have not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with cognitive performance in urban and rural areas in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian older adults. METHODS The sample included 9,412 adults aged 50 years or older from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros [ELSI]). The association between consumption of fruits and vegetables and cognitive performance was evaluated using linear regression. RESULTS In 8,158 participants (mean age 61.6 ± 9.3 years, 54% women, 44% White, and 15% from rural areas), the mean frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption was 2.0 ± 1.3 times a day. Higher intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with better memory (ß = 0.031, 95%CI 0.014-0.049), verbal fluency (ß = 0.030, 95%CI 0.004-0.056), and global cognition (ß = 0.035, 95%CI 0.015-0.055) performance in urban, but not rural residents (p for interaction = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Higher frequency of fruit and vegetable intake was associated with better cognitive performance in urban, but not in rural areas in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gomes Gonçalves
- Divisão de Geriatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laiss Bertola
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cleusa Pinheiro Ferri
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Divisão de Geriatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Akbar Z, Fituri S, Ouagueni A, Alalwani J, Sukik A, Al-Jayyousi GF, Bassil M, Tayyem R. Associations of the MIND Diet with Cardiometabolic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: A Systematic Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3353-3371. [PMID: 37908631 PMCID: PMC10614652 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s427412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have expanded the scope of research on the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet beyond its impact on cognitive performance. These investigations have specifically explored its potential to provide protection against cardiometabolic diseases and associated risk factors, including obesity and dyslipidemia. Methods We systematically summarized and evaluated all existing observational and trial evidence for the MIND diet in relation to cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors in adults. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to extract original studies on humans published until September 2023, without date restrictions. A total of 491 studies were initially retrieved, out of which 23 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. Duplicated and irrelevant studies were screened out by five independent reviewers using the Rayyan platform. Quality assessment was ascertained using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2) for randomized trials. Results Across the different study designs, the MIND diet was generally associated with an improvement in anthropometric measures and other cardiometabolic outcomes, such as blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, inflammation and stroke. The effects of the MIND eating pattern on some cardiovascular diseases are less conclusive. Conclusion The findings of this systematic review support the recommendation of the MIND diet as a strategy to reduce cardiometabolic risk in adults. Further well-designed and long-term studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoha Akbar
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundus Fituri
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asma Ouagueni
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joud Alalwani
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayah Sukik
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Maya Bassil
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reema Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Liu X, Etxeberria U, Ruiz-Canela M. Editorial: Nutrition and neurodegenerative diseases: insights and perspectives on prevention strategies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1272338. [PMID: 37899830 PMCID: PMC10602772 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Usune Etxeberria
- Basque Culinary Center, Faculty of Gastronomic Sciences, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red (CIBERObn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Haskell-Ramsay CF, Docherty S. Role of fruit and vegetables in sustaining healthy cognitive function: evidence and issues. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:305-314. [PMID: 37092750 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123002999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Modifiable lifestyle factors, such as improved nutrition, are crucial in maintaining cognitive health in older age. Fruit and vegetables represent healthy and sustainable sources of nutrients with the potential to prevent age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this review is to synthesise the available evidence, from epidemiological and randomised controlled trials (RCT), regarding the role of fruit and vegetables in sustaining healthy cognitive function. Epidemiological studies of combined fruit and vegetable intake suggest that increased consumption may sustain cognition in later life. The evidence appears to be stronger for an association between vegetables and cognition, particularly for green leafy and cruciferous vegetables. Specific benefits shown for berries, citrus fruits, avocado and nuts suggest fruit is worthy of further investigation in relation to cognition. Data from RCT indicate benefits to differing aspects of cognition following citrus and berry fruits, cocoa and peanuts, but the data are limited and there are a lack of studies exploring effects of vegetables. There is growing evidence for an association between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive function, but this is not always consistent and the data from RCT are limited. Issues in previous research are highlighted, such as strict exclusion criteria, absence of baseline nutritional status data and lack of consideration of individual differences, which may explain the weaker findings from RCT. Inclusion of those most at risk for cognitive decline is recommended in future nutrition and cognition research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Docherty
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Roy A. Food insecurity and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the longitudinal aging study in India. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:640. [PMID: 37653393 PMCID: PMC10472592 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As we grow older, food insecurity (FI) may have an impact on our cognitive abilities. The study examines the association of FI with the cognitive function of older adults in India. METHODS We have used the data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI), with a sample of 27,032 older adults aged 60 years and older. Bivariate analysis and linear regression models with clusters were applied to show the association. The cognitive performance tests include episodic memory, orientation, arithmetic function, executive function, and object naming. RESULTS The mean cognition was 24.2 (range 0-43), while 36.4%, 2.1%, and 6.4% experienced mild, moderate, and severe FI, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, mild (β = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.32, - 0.04) and severe (β = -0.52, 95% CI: -0.82, - 0.22) food insecurity was associated with poor overall cognitive performance. Domain-specific differences in cognition, such as memory, orientation, arithmetic function, executive function, and object naming, were also validated by the level of FI. CONCLUSION The finding suggests that FI is associated with a poor level of cognition among older adults, highlighting the need for increasing the coverage and intervention strategies to address FI in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Roy
- Department of Geography, Krishnagar Government College, Krishnanagar, West Bengal, 741101, India.
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Barnes LL, Dhana K, Liu X, Carey VJ, Ventrelle J, Johnson K, Hollings CS, Bishop L, Laranjo N, Stubbs BJ, Reilly X, Agarwal P, Zhang S, Grodstein F, Tangney CC, Holland TM, Aggarwal NT, Arfanakis K, Morris MC, Sacks FM. Trial of the MIND Diet for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Persons. N Engl J Med 2023; 389:602-611. [PMID: 37466280 PMCID: PMC10513737 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2302368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings from observational studies suggest that dietary patterns may offer protective benefits against cognitive decline, but data from clinical trials are limited. The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, known as the MIND diet, is a hybrid of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, with modifications to include foods that have been putatively associated with a decreased risk of dementia. METHODS We performed a two-site, randomized, controlled trial involving older adults without cognitive impairment but with a family history of dementia, a body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) greater than 25, and a suboptimal diet, as determined by means of a 14-item questionnaire, to test the cognitive effects of the MIND diet with mild caloric restriction as compared with a control diet with mild caloric restriction. We assigned the participants in a 1:1 ratio to follow the intervention or the control diet for 3 years. All the participants received counseling regarding adherence to their assigned diet plus support to promote weight loss. The primary end point was the change from baseline in a global cognition score and four cognitive domain scores, all of which were derived from a 12-test battery. The raw scores from each test were converted to z scores, which were averaged across all tests to create the global cognition score and across component tests to create the four domain scores; higher scores indicate better cognitive performance. The secondary outcome was the change from baseline in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived measures of brain characteristics in a nonrandom sample of participants. RESULTS A total of 1929 persons underwent screening, and 604 were enrolled; 301 were assigned to the MIND-diet group and 303 to the control-diet group. The trial was completed by 93.4% of the participants. From baseline to year 3, improvements in global cognition scores were observed in both groups, with increases of 0.205 standardized units in the MIND-diet group and 0.170 standardized units in the control-diet group (mean difference, 0.035 standardized units; 95% confidence interval, -0.022 to 0.092; P = 0.23). Changes in white-matter hyperintensities, hippocampal volumes, and total gray- and white-matter volumes on MRI were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Among cognitively unimpaired participants with a family history of dementia, changes in cognition and brain MRI outcomes from baseline to year 3 did not differ significantly between those who followed the MIND diet and those who followed the control diet with mild caloric restriction. (Funded by the National Institute on Aging; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02817074.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Barnes
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Klodian Dhana
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Xiaoran Liu
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Vincent J Carey
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Jennifer Ventrelle
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Kathleen Johnson
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Chiquia S Hollings
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Louise Bishop
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Benjamin J Stubbs
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Xavier Reilly
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Puja Agarwal
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Shengwei Zhang
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Francine Grodstein
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Christy C Tangney
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Thomas M Holland
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Neelum T Aggarwal
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Martha Clare Morris
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Frank M Sacks
- From Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.L.B., P.A., S.Z., F.G., N.T.A., K.A.), the Department of Neurology (L.L.B., N.T.A.), Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., T.M.H.), and the Departments of Internal Medicine (K.D., X.L., C.S.H., P.A., F.G., T.M.H., M.C.M.), Clinical Nutrition (J.V., P.A., C.C.T.), Preventive Medicine (J.V., C.C.T.), and Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.A.), Rush University Medical Center, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology (K.A.) - all in Chicago; and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), Harvard Medical School (V.J.C., N.L., B.J.S., X.R.), and the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (K.J., L.B., F.M.S.) - all in Boston
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13
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Doroszkiewicz J, Mroczko J, Rutkowski P, Mroczko B. Molecular Aspects of a Diet as a New Pathway in the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10751. [PMID: 37445928 PMCID: PMC10341644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the world. Lack of an established pathology makes it difficult to develop suitable approaches and treatment for the disease. Besides known hallmarks, including amyloid β peptides cumulating in plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau forming NFTs, inflammation also plays an important role, with known connections to the diet. In AD, adhering to reasonable nutrition according to age-related principles is recommended. The diet should be high in neuroprotective foods, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and B vitamins. In addition, foods capable of rising BDNF should be considered because of the known profitable results of this molecule in AD. Adhering to beneficial diets might result in improvements in memory, cognition, and biomarkers and might even reduce the risk of developing AD. In this review, we discuss the effects of various diets, foods, and nutrients on brain health and possible connections to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
| | - Jan Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
| | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.); (B.M.)
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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14
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Kibe LW, Bosah A, Schrode KM, Kuo Y, Shaheen M, Adinkra E, Sanchez H, Bazargan M. Assessing Food Access, Exercise, and Dietary History among Older African American Parishioners During the COVID-19 Pandemic (C-FED Study): Design, Opportunities, Challenges, and Lessons Learned. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01657-8. [PMID: 37336866 PMCID: PMC11110797 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unhealthy diets and inadequate exercise are associated with chronic health conditions and excess mortality. Older African Americans do not meet dietary and exercise guidelines, and this may have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic due to individual and environmental factors, including food insecurity. Studies evaluating these dynamics are essential for developing interventions. This narrative details a study protocol and data collection experiences during the pandemic. METHODS Participants > 55 years African American old completed detailed food frequency, exercise, and food access questionnaires between October 2020 and July 2021. Observations of the study administrators (authors of this manuscript) for the duration of the study are presented. Details on the study design and reflections on the opportunities, challenges, and lessons learned are summarized. Future manuscripts will report data analysis of study findings. RESULTS A total of 123 older African American adults participated in the study, and 118 (70% female) completed all three questionnaires. More than 50% of the participants had at least two primary chronic conditions. About 85% were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Applying community-based participatory approaches, leveraging partnerships, and exercising flexibility approaches were pivotal to successfully implementing the study protocol. CONCLUSIONS Despite challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, detailed data on older African American adults' diet and exercise habits were obtained. Our study design and experiences will benefit future researchers. More importantly, results from our study will inform interventions and policies aimed at minimizing consequences associated with poor diet and exercise habits during the pandemic among this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy W Kibe
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA.
| | - Adaobi Bosah
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Katrina M Schrode
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Yufu Kuo
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Magda Shaheen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Edward Adinkra
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Humberto Sanchez
- Office of Research, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Physician Assistant Program, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E. 120Th St., Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA
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15
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Agarwal P, Leurgans SE, Agrawal S, Aggarwal NT, Cherian LJ, James BD, Dhana K, Barnes LL, Bennett DA, Schneider JA. Association of Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay and Mediterranean Diets With Alzheimer Disease Pathology. Neurology 2023; 100:e2259-e2268. [PMID: 36889921 PMCID: PMC10259273 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Diet may reduce Alzheimer dementia risk and slow cognitive decline, but the understanding of the relevant neuropathologic mechanisms remains limited. The association of dietary patterns with Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology has been suggested using neuroimaging biomarkers. This study examined the association of Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) and Mediterranean dietary patterns with β-amyloid load, phosphorylated tau tangles, and global AD pathology in postmortem brain tissue of older adults. METHODS Autopsied participants of the Rush Memory and Aging Project with complete dietary information (collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire) and AD pathology data (β-amyloid load, phosphorylated tau tangles, and global AD pathology [summarized neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic and diffuse plaques]) were included in this study. Linear regression models controlled for age at death, sex, education, APOE-ε4 status, and total calories were used to investigate the dietary patterns (MIND and Mediterranean diets) and dietary components associated with AD pathology. Further effect modification was tested for APOE-ε4 status and sex. RESULTS Among our study participants (N = 581, age at death: 91.0 ± 6.3 years; mean age at first dietary assessment: 84.2 ± 5.8 years; 73% female; 6.8 ± 3.9 years of follow-up), dietary patterns were associated with lower global AD pathology (MIND: β = -0.022, p = 0.034, standardized β = -2.0; Mediterranean: β = -0.007, p = 0.039, standardized β = -2.3) and specifically less β-amyloid load (MIND: β = -0.068, p = 0.050, standardized β = -2.0; Mediterranean: β = -0.040, p = 0.004, standardized β = -2.9). The findings persisted when further adjusted for physical activity, smoking, and vascular disease burden. The associations were also retained when participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia at the baseline dietary assessment were excluded. Those in the highest tertile of green leafy vegetables intake had less global AD pathology when compared with those in the lowest tertile (tertile 3 vs tertile 1: β = -0.115, p = 0.0038). DISCUSSION The MIND and Mediterranean diets are associated with less postmortem AD pathology, primarily β-amyloid load. Among dietary components, higher green leafy vegetable intake was associated with less AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwal
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Sue E Leurgans
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Sonal Agrawal
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Neelum T Aggarwal
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Laurel J Cherian
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Bryan D James
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Klodian Dhana
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - David A Bennett
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Julie A Schneider
- From the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (P.A., S.E.L., N.A., B.D.J., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Departments of Internal Medicine (P.A., B.D.J., K.D.), Clinical Nutrition (P.A.), Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., N.T.A., L.J.C., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.) and Pathology (S.A., J.A.S.); and Rush Institute of Healthy Aging (K.D.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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16
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Key MN, Szabo-Reed AN. Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2495. [PMID: 37299458 PMCID: PMC10255782 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to preserve cognitive function and protect brain structure from the effects of the aging process and neurodegenerative disease is the goal of non-pharmacologic, lifestyle interventions focused on brain health. This review examines, in turn, current diet and exercise intervention trends and the collective progress made toward understanding their impact on cognition and brain health. The diets covered in this review include the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, and weight loss management. The exercise approaches covered in this review include endurance, resistance, combined exercise programs, yoga, tai chi, and high-intensity interval training. Although valuable evidence is building concerning how diet and exercise influence cognitive performance and brain structure, many of the open questions in the field are concerned with why we see these effects. Therefore, more strategically designed intervention studies are needed to reveal the likely multiple mechanisms of action in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickeal N. Key
- KU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS 66205, USA;
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Amanda N. Szabo-Reed
- KU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS 66205, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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17
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Kopel J, Sehar U, Choudhury M, Reddy PH. Alzheimer’s Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias in African Americans: Focus on Caregivers. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060868. [PMID: 36981525 PMCID: PMC10048201 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias (ADRD) are chronic illnesses that are highly prevalent in African Americans (AA). AD and ADRD are caused by multiple factors, such as genetic mutations, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, and lifestyle. Histopathological, morphological, and cellular studies revealed how multiple cellular changes are implicated in AD and ADRD, including synaptic damage, inflammatory responses, hormonal imbalance, mitochondrial abnormalities, and neuronal loss, in addition to the accumulation of amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau in the brain. The contributions of race, ethnicity, location and socioeconomic status all have a significant impact on the care and support services available to dementia patients. Furthermore, disparities in health care are entangled with social, economic, and environmental variables that perpetuate disadvantages among different groups, particularly African Americans. As such, it remains important to understand how various racial and ethnic groups perceive, access, and experience health care. Considering that the mounting data shows AA may be more susceptible to AD than white people, the demographic transition creates significant hurdles in providing adequate care from family caregivers. Furthermore, there is growing recognition that AD and ADRD pose a significant stress on AA caregivers compared to white people. In this review, we examine the current literature on racial disparities in AD and ADRD, particularly concerning AA caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kopel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Moumita Choudhury
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-743-3194
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18
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Sakurai K, Okada E, Anzai S, Tamura R, Shiraishi I, Inamura N, Kobayashi S, Sato M, Matsumoto T, Kudo K, Sugawara Y, Hisatsune T. Protein-Balanced Dietary Habits Benefit Cognitive Function in Japanese Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030770. [PMID: 36771475 PMCID: PMC9920661 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since daily dietary habits can affect cognitive function, dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet have been proposed as interventions to slow cognitive decline. However, because dietary habits vary widely among different food cultures, it is necessary to establish dietary pattern intervention methods that are appropriate for each population. Therefore, in this study, the dietary patterns of elderly Japanese individuals were classified using cluster analysis, and their relationship with cognitive function was investigated. We then modeled the dietary patterns and applied them to another cohort of elderly Japanese individuals to determine whether differences in dietary patterns could predict cognitive decline. One hundred and fifty older adults ≥ 65 years of age in the community were recruited. Their daily food intake and cognitive function were measured using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively. K-means cluster analysis identified a high-carbohydrate (HC) dietary pattern with high cereal intake and a protein-balanced (PB) dietary pattern with high intake of legumes, vegetables, seafood, meat, and eggs. Cognitive function was significantly higher in the PB group than in the HC group. Furthermore, to classify the new data into HC and PB patterns, a classification model was created by discriminant analysis using food groups with significantly different intakes among dietary patterns. Next, we recruited 267 new older adults ≥ 65 years of age and measured food intake and cognitive function assessed using the memory performance index score. Individuals with cognitive decline were identified and their detailed cognitive functions were assessed using the neurocognitive index score. Cognitive function was significantly impaired in the HC pattern in both the general elderly and cognitively impaired cohorts. These findings suggest that a dietary pattern of low carbohydrate and high protein intake is associated with good cognitive function in elderly Japanese individuals. Classification by these dietary patterns can predict cognitive reservation in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sakurai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Erika Okada
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Saya Anzai
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Risako Tamura
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Izumi Shiraishi
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
| | - Noriko Inamura
- Urban Design Center Kashiwanoha (UDCK), Kashiwa 277-0871, Japan
- Community Health Promotion Laboratory, Mitsui Fudosan, Co., Ltd., Kashiwa 277-8519, Japan
| | - Satoru Kobayashi
- Community Health Promotion Laboratory, Mitsui Fudosan, Co., Ltd., Kashiwa 277-8519, Japan
| | - Mikako Sato
- Research & Development Center, NH Foods Ltd., Tsukuba 300-2646, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Research & Development Center, NH Foods Ltd., Tsukuba 300-2646, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kudo
- Lifestyle Research Office, NH Foods Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-6014, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugawara
- Research & Development Center, NH Foods Ltd., Tsukuba 300-2646, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hisatsune
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8562, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-04-7136-3632
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Udensi J, Loughman J, Loskutova E, Byrne HJ. Raman Spectroscopy of Carotenoid Compounds for Clinical Applications-A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249017. [PMID: 36558154 PMCID: PMC9784873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoid compounds are ubiquitous in nature, providing the characteristic colouring of many algae, bacteria, fruits and vegetables. They are a critical component of the human diet and play a key role in human nutrition, health and disease. Therefore, the clinical importance of qualitative and quantitative carotene content analysis is increasingly recognised. In this review, the structural and optical properties of carotenoid compounds are reviewed, differentiating between those of carotenes and xanthophylls. The strong non-resonant and resonant Raman spectroscopic signatures of carotenoids are described, and advances in the use of Raman spectroscopy to identify carotenoids in biological environments are reviewed. Focus is drawn to applications in nutritional analysis, optometry and serology, based on in vitro and ex vivo measurements in skin, retina and blood, and progress towards establishing the technique in a clinical environment, as well as challenges and future perspectives, are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Udensi
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - James Loughman
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ekaterina Loskutova
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Mushroom intake and cognitive performance among US older adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:2241-2248. [PMID: 35115063 PMCID: PMC9661370 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521005195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that mushrooms, which are a rich source of the potent antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione as well as vitamin D, may have neuroprotective properties. This study investigated the association between mushroom consumption and cognitive performance in a nationally representative sample of US older adults. We analysed data from older adults aged ≥ 60 years from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mushroom intake was measured using up to two 24-h dietary recalls and was categorised into three groups (lowest, middle and highest). Cognitive function tests included the Animal Fluency (AF) Test; Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR) and Word Learning (CERAD-WL); and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Multivariable linear regression models were developed, adjusting for socio-demographics, major lifestyle factors, self-reported chronic diseases and dietary factors, including the Healthy Eating Index-2015 score and total energy. The study included 2840 participants. Compared with the lowest category of mushroom intake, participants in the highest category (median intake = 13·4 g /4184 KJ (1000 kcal)/d) had higher scores for DSST (β = 3·87; 95 % CI 0·30, 7·45; P for trend = 0·03) and CERAD-WL (β = 1·05; 95 % CI 0·0003, 2·10; P for trend = 0·04). Similar non-significant trends were observed for AF (β = 0·24; 95 % CI -2·26, 2·73; P for trend = 0·92) but not for the CERAD-DR. Greater mushroom intake was associated with certain cognitive performance tests, suggesting regular mushroom consumption may reduce the risk of cognitive decline.
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21
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Dalile B, Kim C, Challinor A, Geurts L, Gibney ER, Galdos MV, La Fata G, Layé S, Mathers JC, Vauzour D, Verkuyl JM, Thuret S. The EAT-Lancet reference diet and cognitive function across the life course. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e749-e759. [PMID: 36087605 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The EAT-Lancet Commission devised a sustainable reference diet with the aim of reducing the incidence of non-communicable diseases and mortality globally while improving food system sustainability. The extent to which the reference diet supports cognitive function across the life course, however, has not yet been evaluated. This Review assesses the evidence for diet supporting cognitive function from childhood into old age. A comprehensive but non-exhaustive literature search was done, synthesising studies that investigated the effect of whole foods on cognition in healthy, community-dwelling human participants. We found that the current evidence base is weak with mixed conclusions and multiple methodological caveats, which precludes strong conclusions pertaining to the suitability of dietary recommendations for each food group per age group. Long-term intervention and prospective cohort studies are needed to reduce this knowledge deficit. Revising dietary recommendations with the aim of maintaining an adequate nutrient intake to sustain healthy cognitive function across the life course could be worthwhile. This Review outlines recommendations for future work to help improve the current knowledge deficit regarding dietary intake and cognitive function across the life course and its implications for dietary guidelines such as the EAT-Lancet Commission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boushra Dalile
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Curie Kim
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andy Challinor
- Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lucie Geurts
- International Life Sciences Institute European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Institute of Food Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marcelo V Galdos
- Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Giorgio La Fata
- Health Nutrition and Care Innovation, Global Research and Development Center, DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Layé
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Biomedical Research Centre, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - J Martin Verkuyl
- Danone Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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22
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Marino A, Battaglini M, Moles N, Ciofani G. Natural Antioxidant Compounds as Potential Pharmaceutical Tools against Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:25974-25990. [PMID: 35936442 PMCID: PMC9352343 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural antioxidants are a very large diversified family of molecules classified by activity (enzymatic or nonenzymatic), chemical-physical properties (e.g., hydrophilic or lipophilic), and chemical structure (e.g., vitamins, polyphenols, etc.). Research on natural antioxidants in various fields, such as pharmaceutics, nutraceutics, and cosmetics, is among the biggest challenges for industry and science. From a biomedical point of view, the scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) makes them a potential tool for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In addition to the purified phytochemical compounds, a variety of natural extracts characterized by a complex mixture of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory molecules have been successfully exploited to rescue preclinical models of these diseases. Extracts derived from Ginkgo biloba, grape, oregano, curcumin, tea, and ginseng show multitherapeutic effects by synergically acting on different biochemical pathways. Furthermore, the reduced toxicity associated with many of these compounds limits the occurrence of side effects. The support of nanotechnology for improving brain delivery, controlling release, and preventing rapid degradation and excretion of these compounds is of fundamental importance. This review reports on the most promising results obtained on in vitro systems, in vivo models, and in clinical trials, by exploiting natural-derived antioxidant compounds and extracts, in their free form or encapsulated in nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Marino
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Matteo Battaglini
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Nadia Moles
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Politecnico
di Torino, Department of Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
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23
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Liu X, Dhana K, Barnes LL, Tangney CC, Agarwal P, Aggarwal N, Holland TM, Beck T, Evans DA, Rajan KB. A healthy plant-based diet was associated with slower cognitive decline in African American older adults: a biracial community-based cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:875-886. [PMID: 35906190 PMCID: PMC9535523 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American (AA) adults have about twice the risk of developing dementia compared with white adults. However, evidence on dietary modification in preventing cognitive decline from diverse populations focusing on AA adults is minimal. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the association between a plant-based diet and the rate of cognitive decline in a population-based sample of AA and white adults. METHODS This study consisted of 3337 participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (60% AA participants, 64% female). Plant-based diet quality was evaluated by the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Global cognition was assessed using a composite score of 4 individual tests of cognition. We used mixed models to examine the associations of PDI, hPDI, and uPDI with the rates of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory. Models were adjusted for age, sex, presence of apoE e4 allele, lifestyle factors including education, cognitive activities, smoking status, calorie intake, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, time, and the interaction terms of time × each covariate. RESULTS AA and white participants had various dietary patterns. Higher hPDI was associated with a slower rate of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory in AA participants but not white participants. AA study participants in the highest quintile of hPDI had significantly slower rates of global cognitive decline (β: 0.0183 ± 0.0086; P = 0.032), perceptual speed (β: 0.0179 ± 0.0088; P = 0.04), and episodic memory (β: 0.0163 ± 0.0118; P = 0.04) than individuals in the lowest quintile of hPDI. There were no associations of either PDI or uPDI with the rate of cognitive decline in either racial group. CONCLUSIONS A healthy plant-based diet was associated with a slower rate of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory in AA adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Neurology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christy C Tangney
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neelum Aggarwal
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Neurology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas M Holland
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Todd Beck
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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24
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Satyam SM, Bairy LK. Neuronutraceuticals Combating Neuroinflammaging: Molecular Insights and Translational Challenges—A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153029. [PMID: 35893883 PMCID: PMC9330442 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathologies, such as neuroinflammaging, have arisen as a serious concern for preserving the quality of life due to the global increase in neurodegenerative illnesses. Nowadays, neuronutraceuticals have gained remarkable attention. It is necessary to investigate the bioavailability, off-target effects, and mechanism of action of neuronutraceuticals. To comprehend the comprehensive impact on brain health, well-designed randomized controlled trials testing combinations of neuronutraceuticals are also necessary. Although there is a translational gap between basic and clinical research, the present knowledge of the molecular perspectives of neuroinflammaging and neuronutraceuticals may be able to slow down brain aging and to enhance cognitive performance. The present review also highlights the key emergent issues, such as regulatory and scientific concerns of neuronutraceuticals, including bioavailability, formulation, blood–brain permeability, safety, and efficacy.
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25
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Wang H, Wang G, Billings R, Li D, Haase SR, Wheeler PF, Vance DE, Li W. Can Diet Supplements of Macular Pigment of Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Meso-zeaxanthin Affect Cognition? J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:1079-1087. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) are collectively called macular pigment. MZ can be converted from L in the macula. In the recent decade, many studies have been performed to investigate the effects for taking carotenoids, especially L and Z or L, Z, and MZ, as diet supplements on human health. Objective: We examined if diet supplements of L + Z or L + Z + MZ have effects on cognitive function in adults. Methods: A systemic literature search was performed in March 2021 with the following keywords: lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin, cognition, cognitive, and macular pigment. The searched databases included Medline EBSCOhost, Scopus, Elsevier, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Findings from eight clinical trials were presented as the strongest evidence on the studied topic. Results: Most studies have found that macular pigments (L + Z) in blood or macula are positively correlated with cognitive performance. As an index of the amount of macular pigments in the brain, macular pigment optical density is related to cognitive performance in adults. In addition, there is an inverse relationship between a higher amount of macular pigment in the blood and lower risk of mild cognitive impairments or Alzheimer’s disease. Based on the findings from the clinical trials, diet supplements of L + Z or L + Z + MZ are associated with improved cognition in adults. Conclusion: The diet supplements of L + Z or L + Z+MZ are associated with better cognitive functioning, which may be via their beneficial effects on the vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Henan Chinese Medicine University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rebecca Billings
- UAB Libraries, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Daniel Li
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shakaye R. Haase
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Pariya F. Wheeler
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David E. Vance
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wei Li
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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26
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Social Factors of Dietary Risk Behavior in Older German Adults: Results of a Multivariable Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051057. [PMID: 35268032 PMCID: PMC8912758 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With this analysis, we aimed to examine the associations between social factors and dietary risk behavior in older adults. Data were collected through a full-population postal survey of German adults aged 65 years or older (n = 1687, 33% response proportion, 52% female, mean age = 76 years). Using principal component analysis (PCA), a data-driven Dietary Risk Behavior Index (DRB) was computed. Dietary risk behavior was defined as consumption frequencies of vegetables/fruit, whole grains, and dairy products below national dietary recommendations. By performing a multiple linear regression, we analyzed associations between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors and dietary risk behavior. Physical activity, female gender, socioeconomic status, social support, and age (in the male sample) were negatively associated with dietary risk behavior. Alcohol consumption and smoking were positively associated with dietary risk behavior. A group-specific analysis revealed a higher goodness-of-fit for the low socioeconomic status group, older adults aged 65–79 years, and women. A comprehensive understanding of the relationships between social factors and dietary risk behavior in older adults assists the group-specific targeting of dietary-related interventions. Demand-oriented dietary interventions should account for underlying social conditions to reduce inequity in dietary risk behavior among older adults. The results of this work may be transferable to municipalities in high-income European countries.
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27
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Bonyadi N, Dolatkhah N, Salekzamani Y, Hashemian M. Effect of berry-based supplements and foods on cognitive function: a systematic review. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3239. [PMID: 35217779 PMCID: PMC8881511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current decade, a growing body of evidence has proposed the correlation between diet and cognitive function or dementia in the ageing population. This study was designed to appraise discoveries from the randomized controlled trials to confirm the effects of berry-based supplements or foods on cognitive function in older adults. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and ProQuest as well as SID, Magiran, and Iranmedex electronic databases were explored for human interventional studies up to March 2021. In total, eleven articles were identified using frozen blueberry (n = 4 studies), blueberry concentrate (n = 2), beverage (n = 3), capsule (n = 1), extract and powder (n = 1). These studies had been performed among older people with no recognized cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The primary outcomes included global cognitive function, psychomotor function, learning and memory, working memory capacity, executive functions, and brain perfusion/activity. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of available clinical trials on the effects of berry-based supplements and foods on cognitive performances as well as brain perfusion parameters among the elderly with normal cognition or MCI. Existing evidence concludes that berry-based supplements and foods have beneficial effects on resting brain perfusion, cognitive function, memory performance, executive functioning, processing speed, and attention indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Bonyadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Dolatkhah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Yaghoub Salekzamani
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Utica College, Utica, USA
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28
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Arjmand G, Abbas-Zadeh M, Eftekhari MH. Effect of MIND diet intervention on cognitive performance and brain structure in healthy obese women: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2871. [PMID: 35190536 PMCID: PMC8861002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPrevious studies suggested adherence to recently developed Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) associated with cognitive performance. This study aimed to examine the effect of MIND dietary pattern on cognitive performance features and changes in brain structure in healthy obese women. As a total of 50 obese women were assessed for eligibility, we randomly allocated 40 participants with mean BMI 32 ± 4.31 kg/m2 and mean age 48 ± 5.38 years to either calorie-restricted modified MIND diet or a calorie-restricted standard control diet. Change in cognitive performance was the primary outcome measured with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. We also performed voxel-based morphometry as a secondary outcome to quantify the differences in brain structure. All of the measurements were administered at baseline and 3 months follow-up. Thirty-seven participants (MIND group = 22 and control group = 15) completed the study. The results found in the MIND diet group working memory + 1.37 (95% CI 0.79, 1.95), verbal recognition memory + 4.85 (95% CI 3.30, 6.40), and attention + 3.75 (95% CI 2.43, 5.07) improved more compared with the control group (ps < 0.05). Results of brain MRI consist of an increase in surface area of the inferior frontal gyrus in the MIND diet group. Furthermore, the results showed a decrease in the cerebellum-white matter and cerebellum-cortex in two groups of study. Still, the effect in the MIND group was greater than the control group. The study findings declare for the first time that the MIND diet intervention can reverse the destructive effects of obesity on cognition and brain structure, which could be strengthened by a modest calorie restriction.Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04383704 (First registration date: 05/05/2020).
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29
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Lonati E, Carrozzini T, Bruni I, Mena P, Botto L, Cazzaniga E, Del Rio D, Labra M, Palestini P, Bulbarelli A. Coffee-Derived Phenolic Compounds Activate Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway in I/R Injury In Vitro Model: A Nutritional Approach Preventing Age Related-Damages. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031049. [PMID: 35164314 PMCID: PMC8839093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Age-related injuries are often connected to alterations in redox homeostasis. The imbalance between free radical oxygen species and endogenous antioxidants defenses could be associated with a growing risk of transient ischemic attack and stroke. In this context, a daily supply of dietary antioxidants could counteract oxidative stress occurring during ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R), preventing brain damage. Here we investigated the potential antioxidant properties of coffee-derived circulating metabolites and a coffee pulp phytoextract, testing their efficacy as ROS scavengers in an in vitro model of ischemia. Indeed, the coffee fruit is an important source of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acids, present both in the brewed seed and in the discarded pulp. Therefore, rat brain endothelial cells, subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and recovery (ogR) to mimic reperfusion, were pretreated or not with coffee by-products. The results indicate that, under OGD/ogR, the ROS accumulation was reduced by coffee by-product. Additionally, the coffee extract activated the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway via Erk and Akt kinases phosphorylation, as shown by increased Nrf2 and HO-1 protein levels. The data indicate that the daily intake of coffee by-products as a dietary food supplement represents a potential nutritional strategy to counteract aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lonati
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Tatiana Carrozzini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Ilaria Bruni
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (P.M.); (D.D.R.)
| | - Laura Botto
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Emanuela Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (P.M.); (D.D.R.)
- School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo Labra
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Alessandra Bulbarelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (E.L.); (T.C.); (L.B.); (E.C.); (P.P.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; (I.B.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-026-448-8221
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30
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Higher fruit and vegetable variety associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older men: a 4-year cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1791-1799. [PMID: 35031888 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have examined the variety in fruit and vegetable (FV) intake with cognitive impairment in older adults. This study examined the associations of variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV with 4-year incident cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Data was derived from a cohort study among Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years in Hong Kong. At baseline, a validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV. Cognitive impairment was defined as a Community Screening Instrument of Dementia score of < 29.5 points and/or Mini-Mental State Examination score of < 27 points. Adjusted multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the associations. Results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Of the 1518 participants [median age: 70 years (IQR 68-74), 32.7% women] included at baseline, 300 men and 111 women were newly identified as cognitively impaired at the 4-year follow-up. In men, higher variety in vegetable (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p = 0.029) and combined FV (adjusted OR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, p = 0.039) were significantly associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Fruit variety was not associated with cognitive impairment. In women, there were no associations between variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV with cognitive impairment in the adjusted model. CONCLUSION Independent of FV quantity, higher variety in vegetable and combined FV were associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults, and these associations were only observed in men.
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31
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Agarwal P, Holland TM, James BD, Cherian LJ, Aggarwal NT, Leurgans SE, Bennett DA, Schneider JA. Pelargonidin and Berry Intake Association with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology: A Community-Based Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:653-661. [PMID: 35694918 PMCID: PMC10903634 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An anthocyanidin, pelargonidin, primarily found in berries, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and is associated with better cognition and reduced Alzheimer's dementia risk. OBJECTIVE This study investigated if pelargonidin or berry intake is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in human brains. METHODS The study was conducted among 575 deceased participants (age at death = 91.3±6.1 years; 70% females) of the Rush Memory and Aging Project, with dietary data (assessed using a food frequency questionnaire) and neuropathological evaluations. Calorie-adjusted pelargonidin intake was modeled in quartiles and berry intake as continuous (servings/week). Mean amyloid-beta load and phosphorylated tau neuronal neurofibrillary tangle density across multiple cortical regions were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Global AD pathology burden, a quantitative summary score of neurofibrillary tangles, and diffuse and neuritic plaques using Bielschowsky silver stains in multiple brain regions, was also assessed. RESULTS In a linear regression model adjusted for age at death, sex, education, APOE ɛ4 status, vitamin E, and vitamin C, participants in the highest quartile of pelargonidin intake when compared to those in the lowest quartile, had less amyloid-β load (β (SE) = -0.293 (0.14), p = 0.038), and fewer phosphorylated tau tangles (β (SE) = -0.310, p = 0.051). Among APOE ɛ4 non-carriers, higher strawberry (β (SE) = -0.227 (0.11), p = 0.037) and pelargonidin (Q4 versus Q1: β (SE) = -0.401 (0.16), p = 0.011; p trend = 0.010) intake was associated with less phosphorylated tau tangles, no association was observed in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Berry intake was not associated with AD pathology. However, excluding participants with dementia or mild cognitive impairment at baseline, strawberry (p = 0.004) and pelargonidin (ptrend = 0.007) intake were associated with fewer phosphorylated tau tangles. CONCLUSION Higher intake of pelargonidin, a bioactive present in strawberries, is associated with less AD neuropathology, primarily phosphorylated tau tangles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwal
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas M Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bryan D James
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laurel J Cherian
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neelum T Aggarwal
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sue E Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Seshadri S, Caunca MR, Rundek T. Vascular Dementia and Cognitive Impairment. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rundek T, Tolea M, Ariko T, Fagerli EA, Camargo CJ. Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI). Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:68-88. [PMID: 34939171 PMCID: PMC9130444 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is predominately caused by vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease. VCI includes a broad spectrum of cognitive disorders, from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia caused by ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, and vascular factors alone or in a combination with neurodegeneration including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia. VCI accounts for at least 20-40% of all dementia diagnosis. Growing evidence indicates that cerebrovascular pathology is the most important contributor to dementia, with additive or synergistic interactions with neurodegenerative pathology. The most common underlying mechanism of VCI is chronic age-related dysregulation of CBF, although other factors such as inflammation and cardiovascular dysfunction play a role. Vascular risk factors are prevalent in VCI and if measured in midlife they predict cognitive impairment and dementia in later life. Particularly, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking at midlife are each associated with a 20 to 40% increased risk of dementia. Control of these risk factors including multimodality strategies with an inclusion of lifestyle modification is the most promising strategy for treatment and prevention of VCI. In this review, we present recent developments in age-related VCI, its mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, neuroimaging correlates, vascular risk determinants, and current intervention strategies for prevention and treatment of VCI. We have also summarized the most recent and relevant literature in the field of VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Magdalena Tolea
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Taylor Ariko
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eric A Fagerli
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christian J Camargo
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Quercetin exhibits potent antioxidant activity, restores motor and non-motor deficits induced by rotenone toxicity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258928. [PMID: 34767546 PMCID: PMC8589152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The rotenone-induced animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been used to investigate the pathogenesis of PD. Oxidative stress is one of the main contributors of neurodegeneration in PD. Flavonoids have the potential to modulate neuronal function and combat various neurodegenerative diseases. The pre- and post-supplementation of quercetin (50 mg/kg, p.o) was done in rats injected with rotenone (1.5 mg/kg, s.c). After the treatment, behavioral activities were monitored for motor activity, depression-like behavior, and cognitive changes. Rats were decapitated after behavioral analysis and the brain samples were dissected out for neurochemical and biochemical estimation. Results showed that supplementation of quercetin significantly (p<0.01) restored rotenone-induced motor and non-motor deficits (depression and cognitive impairments), enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.01), and attenuated neurotransmitter alterations (p<0.01). It is suggested that quercetin supplementation improves neurotransmitter levels by mitigating oxidative stress via increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and hence improves motor activity, cognitive functions, and reduces depressive behavior. The results of the present study showed that quercetin pre-supplementation produced more significant results as compared to post-supplementation. These findings show that quercetin can be a potential therapeutic agent to reduce the risk and progression of PD.
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Cheng FW, Ford NA, Taylor MK. US Older Adults That Consume Avocado or Guacamole Have Better Cognition Than Non-consumers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Front Nutr 2021; 8:746453. [PMID: 34722611 PMCID: PMC8551489 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.746453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study is to examine how avocado relates to cognitive function among older adults. Methods: A total of 2,886 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 participants aged 60 or older met the eligibility criteria and were included of our cross-sectional study. Participants were binarily classified as avocado consumers (i.e., reported consuming any avocado/guacamole in either 24-h dietary recalls) or non-consumers. Cognitive performance was evaluated with: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD)-immediate and delayed recall (IWR/DWR), the Animal Fluency test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. We calculated the education-dependent z-scores for each subject because education level can impact cognitive function. Global cognitive score, an average of the z-scores for each cognitive test, was calculated in participants who had completed all four tests. To account for relevant covariates, we tested for mean differences in cognition between consumers and non-consumers using independent sample t-tests and ANCOVA, special cases of ordinary least squares regression. Results: Avocado consumers had significantly better cognitive scores across all cognitive tests and the global cognition score (p < 0.05) in the unadjusted model. Some mean differences attenuated after adjusting for potential confounders, but others remained significant. Compared to non-consumers, avocado consumers had significantly higher z-scores of 0.15, 0.15, and 0.11 for CERAD IWR and DWR, and global cognition score, respectively (all p < 0.05 in adjusted models). Conclusion: Avocado consumption was associated with significantly better IWR, DWR, and the overall global cognition score, which remained significant when controlling for all relevant confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feon W Cheng
- Avocado Nutrition Center, Mission Viejo, CA, United States
| | - Nikki A Ford
- Avocado Nutrition Center, Mission Viejo, CA, United States
| | - Matthew K Taylor
- Medical Center Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, United States.,Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas, Fairway, KS, United States
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Boumenna T, Scott TM, Lee JS, Zhang X, Kriebel D, Tucker KL, Palacios N. MIND Diet and Cognitive Function over Eight Years in Puerto Rican Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:605-613. [PMID: 34551094 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diets have been associated with better cognitive function. Socio-economic factors including education, poverty and job complexity may modify the relationship between diet and cognition. METHODS We used adjusted linear mixed models to examine the association between long-term adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension - Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and cognitive function over 8 years of follow-up in Puerto Rican adults residing in the Boston, MA area (aged 45 to 75 years at baseline). We also examined whether the MIND diet - cognition association was confounded or modified by socioeconomic measures. RESULTS In both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses the highest, vs lowest, MIND quintile was associated with better cognition function (ß = 0.093; 95% CI: 0.035, 0.152; P trend = 0.0019), but not with cognitive trajectory over 8 years. Education <=8 th grade (ß = -0.339; 95% CI: 0.394, -0.286; P < 0.0001) and income-to-poverty ratio <120% (ß = -0.049; 95% CI: -0.092, -0.007; P = 0.024) were significantly associated with lower cognitive function, while higher job complexity (ß = 0.008; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.011; P < 0.0001) was associated with better cognition function. These variables acted confounders, but not effect modifiers of the MIND-diet - cognitive function relationship. CONCLUSION Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with better cognitive function at baseline and over 8 years of follow-up, however MIND diet was not associated with 8-year cognitive trajectory. More studies are needed to better understand whether the MIND diet is protective against long-term cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani Boumenna
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Tammy M Scott
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, and Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.,Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
| | - David Kriebel
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.,Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
| | - Natalia Palacios
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell.,Center for Population Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford MA
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Lee S, Lim JS, Yun HS, Kim Y, Jeong S, Hwang SD, Kim JW, Oh J, Kim JS. Dietary supplementation with Ceriporia lacerata improves learning and memory in a scopolamine-induced amnesia mouse model. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:1107-1116. [PMID: 34471564 PMCID: PMC8364576 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceriporia lacerata (CL) is a species of white rot fungi. In this study, we have examined the beneficial effect of CL on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. A freeze-dried CL mycelial culture broth was dissolved and orally administered to scopolamine-treated C57BL/6J mice followed by behavioral tests using the Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tasks. CL administration at a daily dose of 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in restoration of exploration reduction and improvement of associative and spatial learning and memory impairment in scopolamine-treated mice. Concomitantly, heme oxygenase-1 was highly expressed in the hippocampal region of CL-administered mice. Moreover, the ethanolic extract of CL significantly increased the transcriptional activity of antioxidant response element and attenuated the glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells. These findings suggest that the CL intake can confer a beneficial effect on learning and memory presumably through protecting hippocampal neuronal cells from oxidative stress-induced damage. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-00945-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- School of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Lim
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Yun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Kim
- School of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Soojung Jeong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Deok Hwang
- Fugencelltech Co., Ltd., Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37272 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Kim
- Fugenbio Co., Ltd., Seoul, 06746 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Oh
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sang Kim
- School of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids for Neuroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115719. [PMID: 34071978 PMCID: PMC8199014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) via activation through its high-affinity receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) has a pivotal role in cell differentiation, cell survival, synaptic plasticity, and both embryonic and adult neurogenesis in central nervous system neurons. A number of studies have demonstrated the possible involvement of altered expression and action of the BDNF/TrkB signaling in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this review, we introduce an essential role of the BDNF and its downstream signaling in neural function. We also review the current evidence on the deregulated the BDNF signaling in the pathophysiology of AD at gene, mRNA, and protein levels. Further, we discuss a potential usefulness of small compounds, including flavonoids, which can stimulate BDNF-related signaling as a BDNF-targeting therapy.
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Lutein Has a Positive Impact on Brain Health in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061746. [PMID: 34063827 PMCID: PMC8223987 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous systematic review revealed that lutein intake leads to improved cognitive function among older adults. However, the association between lutein intake and brain health remains unclear. Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library for research papers. The criteria were (1) an intervention study using oral lutein intake or a cross-sectional study that examined lutein levels and the brain, (2) participants were older adults, and (3) brain activities or structures were measured using a brain imaging technique (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electroencephalography (EEG)). Results: Seven studies using MRI (brain activities during rest, cognitive tasks, and brain structure) and two studies using EEG were included. We mainly focused on MRI studies. Three intervention studies using MRI indicated that 10 mg lutein intake over 12 months had a positive impact on healthy older adults’ brain activities during learning, resting-state connectivity, and gray matter volumes. Four cross-sectional studies using MRI suggested that lutein was positively associated with brain structure and neural efficiency during cognitive tasks. Conclusion: Although only nine studies that used similar datasets were reviewed, this systematic review indicates that lutein has beneficial effects on healthy older adults’ brain health.
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Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M. MIND diet and cognitive performance in older adults: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8059-8077. [PMID: 33989093 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1925220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a rapidly increasing public health concern. A healthy diet has potential in preserving brain and maintaining cognitive health. This systematic review was designed to evaluate the relationship between Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet and cognitive functioning in older adults. PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched to extract original studies on humans published until July 2020, without date restrictions. Articles that evaluated the association between MIND diet and cognitive performance in older adults were included. Duplicated and irrelevant studies were screened out and data were obtained through critical analysis. Quality of the articles and risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa and Cochrane Collaboration's quality assessment tools. Of the 135 studies retrieved, 13 articles (9 cohort, 3 cross-sectional, and 1 RCT studies) were included in the final review. All of the included studies indicated that adherence to the MIND diet was positively associated with specific domains, but not all, of cognition and global cognitive function (78% of the studies) in older adults. MIND diet was superior to other plant-rich diets including Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Pro-Vegetarian and Baltic Sea diets, for improving cognition. Adherence to the MIND diet may possibly be associated with an improved cognitive function in older adults. MIND diet may be superior to other plant-rich diets for improving cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu X, Morris MC, Dhana K, Ventrelle J, Johnson K, Bishop L, Hollings CS, Boulin A, Laranjo N, Stubbs BJ, Reilly X, Carey VJ, Wang Y, Furtado JD, Marcovina SM, Tangney C, Aggarwal NT, Arfanakis K, Sacks FM, Barnes LL. Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 102:106270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Timlin D, Giannantoni B, McCormack JM, Polito A, Ciarapica D, Azzini E, Giles M, Simpson EEA. Comparison of barriers and facilitators of MIND diet uptake among adults from Northern Ireland and Italy. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:265. [PMID: 33530965 PMCID: PMC7852355 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to identify and compare components of the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour) model, that influences behaviour to modify dietary patterns in 40–55-year olds living in Northern Ireland (NI) and Italy, in order to reduce the risk of cognitive decline in later life. Methods This was a qualitative study examining factors influencing Mediterranean-DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet behaviour. This study further elaborated the COM-B components into the 14 domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework to further understand behaviour. Twenty-five Northern Irish and Italian participants were recruited onto the study, to take part in either a focus group or an interview. Participants were both male and female aged between 40 and 55 years. Results Thematic analysis revealed that the main barriers to the uptake of the MIND diet were; time, work environment (opportunity), taste preference and convenience (motivation). Culture (motivation), seasonal foods and lack of family support (opportunity) to be a barrier to the Italian sample only. The main facilitators reported were; improved health, memory, planning and organisation (motivation) and access to good quality food (opportunity). Cooking skills, knowledge (capability) and heathy work lunch (opportunity) reported as a facilitator to the Italian sample only. Conclusions Cross-cultural differences in relation to psychosocial barriers and facilitators were found in both samples. More barriers than facilitators towards uptake of the MIND diet were found. There is a need for interventions that increase capability, opportunity, and motivation to aid behaviour change. The findings from this study will be used to design a behaviour change intervention using the subsequent steps from the Behaviour Change Wheel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Giannantoni
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angela Polito
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Ciarapica
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Azzini
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Melanie Giles
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Agarwal P, Dhana K, Barnes LL, Holland TM, Zhang Y, Evans DA, Morris MC. Unhealthy foods may attenuate the beneficial relation of a Mediterranean diet to cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1157-1165. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwal
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Lisa L. Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Thomas M Holland
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Denis A. Evans
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Martha Clare Morris
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
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Yang W, Cui K, Li X, Zhao J, Zeng Z, Song R, Qi X, Xu W. Effect of Polyphenols on Cognitive Function: Evidence from Population-Based Studies and Clinical Trials. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1190-1204. [PMID: 34866146 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to progressive population aging, a new dementia case occurs at every 3 seconds, placing a heavy burden of disease. Identifying potential risk or preventive factors is emphasized owing to a lack of effective treatment for dementia. There has been emerging evidence on the link of certain dietary components, particularly polyphenols, to brain wellness and cognitive outcomes. Findings from animal and in vitro studies appear more consistent and conclusive. However, such an association has not been investigated in depth in human beings. In this review, we examined studies on the effect of dietary polyphenols (including flavonoids, curcumin, and resveratrol) on cognitive function. Intervention in early stages of dementia/Alzheimer's disease might be a target to slow down age-related cognitive decline before disease onset. We summarized 28 epidemiological studies (8 cross-sectional and 20 cohort studies) and 55 trials in this review. Preliminary evidence from epidemiological data provides the necessity for intervention trials, even though the measures of polyphenol intake tend to be less precise. Clinical trials are in favor of the role of some polyphenols in benefiting specific domains of cognition. This review also describes the divergence of results and current limitations of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yang
- Weili Xu and Xiuying Qi, Professors, Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, Qixiangtai Road 22, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, PR, China, ; ; Weili Xu, Associate Professor and Senior Researcher, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A Floor 10, SE-171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden, Phone: +46 8 524 858 26;
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Munukka M, Koivunen K, von Bonsdorff M, Sipilä S, Portegijs E, Ruoppila I, Rantanen T. Birth cohort differences in cognitive performance in 75- and 80-year-olds: a comparison of two cohorts over 28 years. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:57-65. [PMID: 32918698 PMCID: PMC7897605 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate cohort differences in cognitive performance in older men and women born and assessed 28 years apart. Methods Data in this study were drawn from two age-homogeneous cohorts measured in the same laboratory using the same standardized cognitive performance tests. Participants in the first cohort were born in 1910 and 1914 and assessed in 1989–1990 (Evergreen project, n = 500). Participants in the second cohort were born in 1938 or 1939 and 1942 or 1943 and assessed in 2017–2018 (Evergreen II, n = 726). Participants in both cohorts were assessed at age 75 and 80 years and were recruited from the population register. Cognitive performance was measured using the Digit Span test from the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Digit Symbol test from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and phonemic Verbal Fluency test from the Schaie-Thurstone Adult Mental Abilities Test. Reaction time assessing motor and mental responses was measured with a simple finger movement task, followed by a complex finger movement task. T-tests were used to study cohort differences and linear regression models to study possible factors underlying differences. Results We found statistically significant cohort differences in all the cognitive performance tests, except for the digit span test and simple movement task in men, the later-born cohort performing better in all the measured outcomes. Conclusions The results of this study provide strong evidence that cognitive performance is better in more recent cohorts of older people compared to their counterparts measured 28 years earlier.
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Corley J, Cox SR, Taylor AM, Hernandez MV, Maniega SM, Ballerini L, Wiseman S, Meijboom R, Backhouse EV, Bastin ME, Wardlaw JM, Deary IJ. Dietary patterns, cognitive function, and structural neuroimaging measures of brain aging. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Choi YJ, Ailshire JA, Crimmins EM. Living alone, social networks in neighbourhoods, and daily fruit and vegetable consumption among middle-aged and older adults in the USA. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:3315-3323. [PMID: 32792025 PMCID: PMC7736134 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020002475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A social network is a valuable resource in later life. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate whether social networks within homes and neighbourhoods are associated with older adults' daily fruit and vegetable consumption. DESIGN Cross-sectional secondary data analysis. SETTING USA. PARTICIPANTS A nationally representative sample of 6865 community-dwelling older adults over age 53 in the Health and Retirement Study - Health Care and Nutrition Survey. RESULTS Older adults who lived alone with no children or friends nearby had the lowest fruit and vegetable consumption. However, the daily fruit and vegetable consumption of respondents who lived alone and had children or friends nearby or those who lived with someone and had no children or friends nearby was not statistically different from those who lived with someone and had children or friends nearby. This suggests that having a social network either at home or in the neighbourhood complements the absence of living with someone or having children or friends nearby and attenuates the negative association between limited social networks and daily fruit and vegetable consumption. A greater decrease in the number of fruits and vegetables consumed was observed among men when they lived alone with no children or friends nearby. CONCLUSIONS Special attention should be given to older adults with limited social networks, especially older adults living alone with no children or friends nearby. Provision of help with grocery shopping and meal preparation as well as social support networks and more opportunities that can improve social engagement appear to be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jin Choi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Ailshire
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eileen M Crimmins
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Filippini T, Adani G, Malavolti M, Garuti C, Cilloni S, Vinceti G, Zamboni G, Tondelli M, Galli C, Costa M, Chiari A, Vinceti M. Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123682. [PMID: 33260315 PMCID: PMC7760835 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk of early-onset dementia (EOD) might be modified by environmental factors and lifestyles, including diet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary habits and EOD risk. We recruited 54 newly-diagnosed EOD patients in Modena (Northern Italy) and 54 caregivers as controls. We investigated dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire, assessing both food intake and adherence to dietary patterns, namely the Greek-Mediterranean, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. We modeled the relation between dietary factors and risk using the restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Cereal intake showed a U-shaped relation with EOD, with risk increasing above 350 g/day. A high intake (>400 g/day) of dairy products was also associated with excess risk. Although overall fish and seafood consumption showed no association with EOD risk, we found a U-shaped relation with preserved/tinned fish, and an inverse relation with other fish. Similarly, vegetables (especially leafy) showed a strong inverse association above 100 g/day, as did citrus and dry fruits. Overall, sweet consumption was not associated with EOD risk, while dry cake and ice-cream showed a positive relation and chocolate products an inverse one. For beverages, we found no relation with EOD risk apart from a U-shaped relation for coffee consumption. Concerning dietary patterns, EOD risk linearly decreased with the increasing adherence to the MIND pattern. On the other hand, an inverse association for the Greek-Mediterranean and DASH diets emerged only at very high adherence levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between dietary factors and EOD risk, and suggests that adherence to the MIND dietary pattern may decrease such risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giorgia Adani
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Caterina Garuti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Cilloni
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giulia Vinceti
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Galli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NeuroFARBA), University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Costa
- Neurology Unit of Carpi Hospital, Modena Local Health Authority, 41012 Carpi, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-2055481
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Huang Z, Guo Y, Ruan Y, Sun S, Lin T, Ye J, Li J, He L, Wang S, Shi Y, Wu F. Associations of Lifestyle Factors With Cognition in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50 and Older: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:601487. [PMID: 33240081 PMCID: PMC7680821 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.601487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of an effective treatment to alter the progressive course of cognitive decline and dementia, identification of modifiable risk factors that could promote healthy cognitive aging has become a public health research priority. This study seeks to comprehensively determine the contemporaneous associations of a broad spectrum of time-varying modifiable lifestyle factors with age-related cognitive decline in a large population-based cohort of older adults. A total of 5,711 subjects aged 50 and older from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) in Shanghai were studied. Repeated measures of lifestyle factors and cognitive performance were conducted in 2009-2010 and 2014-2015. Linear random slope models were used to evaluate the contemporaneous associations between time-varying lifestyle factors and cognitive performance. Person-mean centering method was used to disaggregate the between- and within-person effects in the time-varying lifestyle factors in the random slope models. We found that higher vegetable and fruit consumption, as well as higher level of physical activity were positively associated with all cognitive domains. Body mass index (BMI) was negatively associated with all cognitive domains, whereas waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was negatively associated with verbal fluency score only. Sedentary time was negatively associated with digit span score but positively associated with verbal fluency score. The between-person effects seem to be more dominant than within-person effects. Overall, our findings suggest better management of multiple lifestyle factors may protect against cognitive decline in later life. Higher vegetable and fruit consumption and physical activity are protective, whereas obesity is detrimental to cognitive decline in older adults. This study underpins the development of multi-domain lifestyle recommendations to promote healthy cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhezhou Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Guo
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Ruan
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangyuan Sun
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Pudong New District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghong Ye
- Hongkou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua He
- Huangpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Qingpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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50
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Neurogranin and VILIP-1 as Molecular Indicators of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218335. [PMID: 33172069 PMCID: PMC7664397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogranin (Ng) and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) are promising candidates for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarkers closely related to synaptic and neuronal degeneration. Both proteins are involved in calcium-mediated pathways. The meta-analysis was performed in random effects based on the ratio of means (RoM) with calculated pooled effect size. The diagnostic utility of these proteins was examined in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients in different stages of AD compared to control (CTRL). Ng concentration was also checked in various groups with positive (+) and negative (-) amyloid beta (Aβ). Ng highest levels of RoM were observed in the AD (n = 1894) compared to CTRL (n = 2051) group (RoM: 1.62). Similarly, the VILIP-1 highest values of RoM were detected in the AD (n = 706) compared to CTRL (n = 862) group (RoM: 1.34). Concentrations of both proteins increased in more advanced stages of AD. However, Ng seems to be an earlier biomarker for the assessment of cognitive impairment. Ng appears to be related with amyloid beta, and the highest levels of Ng in CSF was observed in the group with pathological Aβ+ status. Our meta-analysis confirms that Ng and VILIP-1 can be useful CSF biomarkers in differential diagnosis and monitoring progression of cognitive decline. Although, an additional advantage of the protein concentration Ng is the possibility of using it to predict the risk of developing cognitive impairment in normal controls with pathological levels of Aβ1-42. Analyses in larger cohorts are needed, particularly concerning Aβ status.
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