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Breutigam NJ, Hoinkiss DC, Konstandin S, Buck MA, Mahroo A, Eickel K, von Samson-Himmelstjerna F, Günther M. Subject-specific timing adaption in time-encoded arterial spin labeling imaging. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 37:53-68. [PMID: 37768433 PMCID: PMC10876770 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES One challenge in arterial spin labeling (ASL) is the high variability of arterial transit times (ATT), which causes associated arterial transit delay (ATD) artifacts. In patients with pathological changes, these artifacts occur when post-labeling delay (PLD) and bolus durations are not optimally matched to the subject, resulting in difficult quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and ATT. This is also true for the free lunch approach in Hadamard-encoded pseudocontinuous ASL (H-pCASL). MATERIAL AND METHODS Five healthy volunteers were scanned with a 3 T MR-system. pCASL-subbolus timing was adjusted individually by the developed adaptive Walsh-ordered pCASL sequence and an automatic feedback algorithm. The quantification results for CBF and ATT and the respective standard deviations were compared with results obtained using recommended timings and intentionally suboptimal timings. RESULTS The algorithm individually adjusted the pCASL-subbolus PLD for each subject within the range of recommended timing for healthy subjects, with a mean intra-subject adjustment deviation of 47.15 ms for single-shot and 44.5 ms for segmented acquisition in three repetitions. DISCUSSION A first positive assessment of the results was performed on healthy volunteers. The extent to which the results can be transferred to patients and are of benefit must be investigated in follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora-Josefin Breutigam
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Daniel Christopher Hoinkiss
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Simon Konstandin
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Alicja Buck
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty 1 (Physics/Electrical Engineering), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Amnah Mahroo
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eickel
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bremerhaven University of Applied Science, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Federico von Samson-Himmelstjerna
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty 1 (Physics/Electrical Engineering), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Matthias Günther
- Imaging Physics, Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-von-Laue-Str. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty 1 (Physics/Electrical Engineering), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Kalchev E, Georgiev R, Ivanova D. A novel 5-stage visual rating scale for global arterial spin labeling perfusion assessment in the brain: Simplifying evaluation for clinical implementation. CEREBRAL CIRCULATION - COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR 2024; 6:100200. [PMID: 38235314 PMCID: PMC10791566 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and validate a visual rating scale for evaluating global arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion changes in the brain, with potential applications in a variety of conditions that impact general brain blood supply and perfusion. Methods We employed a five-stage scale (0 being normal and 4 indicating the most severe perfusion decline) to assess 156 patients using a 3D pulsed ASL technique. Three radiologists independently reviewed the images, and inter-rater reliability of the visual rating scale was evaluated. Results The ASL stages showed a consistent distribution among the patients. The inter-rater reliability among the three radiologists, as measured by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), was 0.982. Conclusion Our findings suggest that this visual rating scale can be effectively implemented in everyday practice to evaluate global perfusion changes in the context of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, cerebral small vessel disease, and other conditions that alter brain vascularization and perfusion. Further research is needed to explore the full range of clinical applications and to refine the scale for optimal utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilian Kalchev
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Marina University Hospital, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslav Georgiev
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Marina University Hospital, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Darina Ivanova
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Marina University Hospital, Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria
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Percie du Sert O, Unrau J, Gauthier CJ, Chakravarty M, Malla A, Lepage M, Raucher-Chéné D. Cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-based studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110669. [PMID: 36341843 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) represent one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and are usually underpinned by neurodevelopmental brain abnormalities observed on a structural and functional level. Nuclear medicine imaging studies of cerebral blood flow (CBF) have already provided insights into the pathophysiology of these disorders. Recent developments in non-invasive MRI techniques such as arterial spin labeling (ASL) have allowed broader examination of CBF across SSD prompting us to conduct an updated literature review of MRI-based perfusion studies. In addition, we conducted a focused meta-analysis of whole brain studies to provide a complete picture of the literature on the topic. METHODS A systematic OVID search was performed in Embase, MEDLINEOvid, and PsycINFO. Studies eligible for inclusion in the review involved: 1) individuals with SSD, first-episode psychosis or clinical-high risk for psychosis, or; 2) had healthy controls for comparison; 3) involved MRI-based perfusion imaging methods; and 4) reported CBF findings. No time span was specified for the database queries (last search: 08/2022). Information related to participants, MRI techniques, CBF analyses, and results were systematically extracted. Whole-brain studies were then selected for the meta-analysis procedure. The methodological quality of each included studies was assessed. RESULTS For the systematic review, the initial Ovid search yielded 648 publications of which 42 articles were included, representing 3480 SSD patients and controls. The most consistent finding was that negative symptoms were linked to cortical fronto-limbic hypoperfusion while positive symptoms seemed to be associated with hyperperfusion, notably in subcortical structures. The meta-analysis integrated results from 13 whole-brain studies, across 426 patients and 401 controls, and confirmed the robustness of the hypoperfusion in the left superior and middle frontal gyri and right middle occipital gyrus while hyperperfusion was found in the left putamen. CONCLUSION This updated review of the literature supports the implication of hemodynamic correlates in the pathophysiology of psychosis symptoms and disorders. A more systematic exploration of brain perfusion could complete the search of a multimodal biomarker of SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Percie du Sert
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joshua Unrau
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ashok Malla
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada; University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Cognition, Health, and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Reims, France; Academic Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Reims, EPSM Marne, Reims, France
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Wu L, Liu Y, Zhu L, Li T, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Xing Y, Wang M, Gao B. MRI arterial spin labeling in evaluating hemorrhagic transformation following endovascular recanalization of subacute ischemic stroke. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1105816. [PMID: 36937682 PMCID: PMC10020198 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the value of the MRI arterial spin labeling (ASL) in evaluating the blood-brain barrier permeability of anterior circulation ischemic lesions in subacute ischemic stroke (SIS) and the risk of hemorrhage transformation (HT) after endovascular recanalization. Materials and methods Patients with anterior circulation SIS treated with endovascular recanalization were prospectively enrolled. The imaging presentations in the MRI ASL sequences, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) sequence, and Xper CT were studied. The relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), and the weighted Kappa coefficient (rKtrans) were analyzed. Results Among 27 eligible patients, HT occurred in 7 patients (25.92%). Patients with HT had significantly higher rCBF value (1.56 ± 0.16 vs. 1.16 ± 0.16), Ktrans, (0.08 ± 0.03 min vs. 0.03 ± 0.01 min) and rKtrans (3.02 ± 0.89 vs. 1.89 ± 0.56). The ASL imaging sequence had a high consistency with the DCE sequence and Xper CT with a high weighted Kappa coefficient of 0.91 for the DCE sequence and 0.70 for the Xper CT imaging. The DCE sequence was also highly consistent with the Xper CT in imaging classification with a high weighted Kappa coefficient of 0.78. The rCBF value in the 21 patients with the subcortical and basal ganglia infarction was significantly lower than that in the other 6 patients with the cortical infarction (1.222 ± 0.221 vs. 1.413 ± 0.259, t = 1.795, P = 0.004). Conclusion The MRI ASL sequence has an important role in evaluating the blood-brain barrier permeability and the risk of hemorrhagic transformation of anterior circulation SIS following endovascular recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Wu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanghui Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangfu Zhu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liangfu Zhu,
| | - Tianxiao Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li’na Wang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhilong Zhou
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Imaging, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bulang Gao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, National Advanced Stroke Center, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
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Golay X, Ho ML. Multidelay ASL of the pediatric brain. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20220034. [PMID: 35451851 PMCID: PMC10996417 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20220034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a powerful noncontrast MRI technique for evaluation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). A key parameter in single-delay ASL is the choice of postlabel delay (PLD), which refers to the timing between the labeling of arterial free water and measurement of flow into the brain. Multidelay ASL (MDASL) utilizes several PLDs to improve the accuracy of CBF calculations using arterial transit time (ATT) correction. This approach is particularly helpful in situations where ATT is unknown, including young subjects and slow-flow conditions. In this article, we discuss the technical considerations for MDASL, including labeling techniques, quantitative metrics, and technical artefacts. We then provide a practical summary of key clinical applications with real-life imaging examples in the pediatric brain, including stroke, vasculopathy, hypoxic-ischemic injury, epilepsy, migraine, tumor, infection, and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Golay
- MR Neurophysics and Translational Neuroscience, UCL Queen
Square Institute of Neurology London, London,
England, UK
| | - Mai-Lan Ho
- Radiology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital and The Ohio
State University, Columbus, OH,
USA
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Wang W, Norby FL, Alonso A, Gottesman RF, Jack CR, Meyer ML, Knopman DS, Sullivan KJ, Hughes TM, Lakshminarayan K, Lutsey PL. Association of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness with Brain MRI Markers in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS). J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106388. [PMID: 35193028 PMCID: PMC9018472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque are markers of arterial injury and may be linked to structural brain injury. We hypothesized cIMT or presence of carotid plaque at midlife are associated with presence of infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, greater white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, and smaller regional brain volumes in late-life. METHODS We included 1,795 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants (aged 57±6 years, 57% female, 23% Black) with carotid ultrasounds in 1990-1992 and brain MRI scans in 2011-2013. Weighted linear regression was used for brain volume outcomes, while logistic regression was used for infarcts and cerebral microbleeds. RESULTS After multivariable adjustments, the highest cIMT quintile was associated with smaller deep gray matter (β [95% CI]: -0.11 [-0.22, -0.01]) and cortical volume in a temporal-parietal meta region of interest (ROI) (β [95% CI]: -0.10 [-0.20, -0.01]) in late-life. Similarly, those with carotid plaque had smaller regional brain volumes than those without (βs [95% CIs]: -0.05 [-0.12, 0.03] and -0.06 [-0.13, 0.01] for deep gray matter and temporal-parietal meta ROI). No significant relations were observed with WMH volume, infarcts, or cerebral microbleeds. CONCLUSION Over a median follow-up of 21 years, greater midlife cIMT and presence of carotid plaque were associated with smaller deep gray matter volume and cortical volume in a meta ROI involving temporal and parietal lobe regions typically involved in neurodegeneration, including Alzheimer's disease, in later life. Contrary to our hypothesis, associations between measures of arterial injury and markers of vascular brain injury were null.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
| | - Faye L Norby
- Center for Cardiac Arrest Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States.
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
| | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
| | | | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States.
| | - David S Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
| | - Kevin J Sullivan
- Department of Medicine: The MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States.
| | - Timothy M Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.
| | | | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.
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Ya B, Li X, Wang J, Zhao M, Yu T, Wang H, Xin Q, Wang Q, Mu X, Dong X, Gao Y, Xiong H, Zhang H. A Comorbid Rat Model of Neuroendocrine-Immune System Alterations Under the Impact of Risk Factors for Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:827503. [PMID: 35126096 PMCID: PMC8811044 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.827503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia and carotid atherosclerosis contribute to the etiology of stroke. However, there has been a lack of appropriate comorbid animal models incorporating some of the ubiquitous characteristics that precede strokes. Curcumin is a natural active polyphenolic compound extracted from the rhizoma of Curcuma longa L. which possesses comprehensive bioactivities. The present study aimed to evaluate whether neurobehavioral deficits, neuroendocrine-immune dysregulations and cerebral microcirculation dysfunction, are part of the initial stages of cerebral ischemia in individuals suffering from carotid atherosclerosis resulting from a high cholesterol diet (HCD) and if they could be tested using a comorbid animal model. Furthermore, the utility of this model will be examined following the administration of curcumin. Adult wild-type SD rats were fed a regular diet or HCD and supplemented with either vehicle or curcumin for 4 weeks. Carotid injury was induced by an air-drying endothelial denudation method at the end of the second week. Plasma cholesterol, carotid pathomorphology, neurobehavioral tests, and neuroendocrine-immune parameters were measured. We found higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), intima and media (I/M) ratio, but lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), spatial learning and memory capacity impairment, elevated NPY expression in the hypothalamus, increased plasma concentration of leptin, upregulated TNF-α, IL-1β, and CRP in the circulation as well as TNF-α and IL-1β in the cerebral cortex, plus enhanced ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in cerebral microvessels in HCD-fed model rats. All these alterations were ameliorated by curcumin. These results suggest that a comorbid rat model was effectively developed by HCD and carotid injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailiu Ya
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Bailiu Ya,
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qing Xin
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xuanyu Dong
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical School of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Yang Gao,
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Huabao Xiong,
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Hui Zhang,
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Champagne AA, Coverdale NS, Fernandez-Ruiz J, Mark CI, Cook DJ. Compromised resting cerebral metabolism after sport-related concussion: A calibrated MRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:133-146. [PMID: 32307673 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Altered resting cerebral blood flow (CBF0) in the acute phase post-concussion may contribute to neurobehavioral deficiencies, often reported weeks after the injury. However, in addition to changes in CBF0, little is known about other physiological mechanisms that may be disturbed within the cerebrovasculature. The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in baseline perfusion following sport-related concussion (SRC) were co-localized with changes in cerebral metabolic demand. Forty-two subjects (15 SRC patients 8.0 ± 4.6 days post-injury and 27 age-matched healthy control athletes) were studied cross-sectionally. CBF0, cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), resting oxygen extraction (OEF0) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2|0) were measured using a combination of hypercapnic and hyperoxic breathing protocols, and the biophysical model developed in calibrated MRI. Blood oxygenation level dependent and perfusion data were acquired simultaneously using a dual-echo arterial spin labelling sequence. SRC patients showed significant decreases in CBF0 spread across the grey-matter (P < 0.05, corrected), and these differences were also confounded by the effects of baseline end-tidal CO2 (P < 0.0001). Lower perfusion was co-localized with reductions in regional CMRO2|0 (P = 0.006) post-SRC, despite finding no group-differences in OEF0 (P = 0.800). Higher CVR within voxels showing differences in CBF was also observed in the SRC group (P = 0.001), compared to controls. Reductions in metabolic demand despite no significant changes in OEF0 suggests that hypoperfusion post-SRC may reflect compromised metabolic function after the injury. These results provide novel insight about the possible pathophysiological mechanisms underlying concussion that may affect the clinical recovery of athletes after sport-related head injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen A Champagne
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nicole S Coverdale
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Juan Fernandez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Clarisse I Mark
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Douglas J Cook
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Room 232, 18 Stuart St., Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Di Napoli A, Cheng SF, Gregson J, Atkinson D, Markus JE, Richards T, Brown MM, Sokolska M, Jäger HR. Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Carotid Stenosis: Arterial Transit Artifacts May Predict Symptoms. Radiology 2020; 297:652-660. [PMID: 33048034 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundStenosis of the internal carotid artery has a higher risk for stroke. Many investigations have focused on structure and plaque composition as signs of plaque vulnerability, but few studies have analyzed hemodynamic changes in the brain as a risk factor.PurposeTo use 3-T MRI methods including contrast material-enhanced MR angiography, carotid plaque imaging, and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to identify imaging parameters that best help distinguish between asymptomatic and symptomatic participants with carotid stenosis.Materials and MethodsParticipants with carotid stenosis from two ongoing prospective studies who underwent ASL and carotid plaque imaging with use of 3-T MRI in the same setting from 2014 to 2018 were studied. Participants were assessed clinically for recent symptoms (transient ischemic attack or stroke) and divided equally into symptomatic and nonsymptomatic groups. Reviewers were blinded to the symptomatic status and MRI scans were analyzed for the degree of stenosis, plaque surface structure, presence of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), circle of Willis collaterals, and the presence and severity of arterial transit artifacts (ATAs) at ASL imaging. MRI findings were correlated with symptomatic status by using t tests and the Fisher exact test.ResultsA total of 44 participants (mean age, 71 years ± 10 [standard deviation]; 31 men) were evaluated. ATAs were seen only in participants with greater than 70% stenosis (16 of 28 patients; P < .001) and were associated with absence of anterior communicating artery (13 of 16 patients; P = .003). There was no association between history of symptoms and degree of stenosis (27 patients with ≥70% stenosis and 17 patients with <70%; P = .54), IPH (12 patients with IPH and 32 patients without IPH; P = .31), and plaque surface structure (17 patients with irregular or ulcerated plaque and 27 with smooth plaque; P = .54). Participants with ATAs (n = 16) were more likely to be symptomatic than were those without ATAs (n = 28) (P = .004). Symptomatic status also was associated with the severity of ATAs (P = .002).ConclusionArterial transit artifacts were the only factor associated with recent ischemic symptoms in participants with carotid stenosis. The degree of stenosis, plaque ulceration, and intraplaque hemorrhage were not associated with symptomatic status.© RSNA, 2020Online supplemental material is available for this article.See also the editorial by Zaharchuk in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Di Napoli
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Suk Fun Cheng
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - John Gregson
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - David Atkinson
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Julia Emily Markus
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Toby Richards
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Martin M Brown
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Sokolska
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
| | - Hans Rolf Jäger
- From the Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, K 23 Queen Square, Holborn, London WC1N 3BG, England (A.D.N., H.R.J.); NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy (A.D.N.); Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (S.F.C., T.R., H.R.J.), Centre of Medical Imaging (D.A., J.E.M.), Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (M.M.B.), and Academic Neuroradiological Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (H.R.J.), University College London, London, England; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (J.G.); Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia (T.R.); and Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England (M.S.)
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10
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Komornik L, Lautenschläger I, Vigani A, Iannucci C, Pozzi A, Wang-Leandro A, Beckmann K. Striate Artery Infarct After Bilateral Carotid Artery Ligation (BCAL) in a Dog: A Multimodal MRI Study. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:580256. [PMID: 33195593 PMCID: PMC7533532 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.580256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilateral carotid artery ligation has been reported as a lifesaving procedure to control severe hemorrhage. However, reports are sparse and little information is available regarding the potential risks associated with this procedure. We report an ischemic brain infarct as a complication after vascular surgery. A 3-year old, male intact border collie was presented for acute onset of forebrain signs 5 days after bilateral carotid artery ligation. Multimodal brain MRI including morphologic sequences, MR angiography, diffusion- and perfusion-weighted images were performed. MRI revealed a well-defined intra-axial lesion of the left caudate nucleus, with increased T2 and decreased T1 signal intensity and moderate heterogeneous peripheral contrast enhancement. The cerebral blood flow was reduced relative to the contralateral caudate nucleus. Images were consistent with a subacute lacunar ischemic infarct of the left striate artery. Additionally, multiple arterio-arterial anastomosis arising from the vertebral arteries were visible in the angiography sequences. Ischemic infarct due to thromboembolism should be considered as a possible complication associated with bilateral carotid artery ligation. Collateral blood supply can develop as early as 5 days after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Komornik
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ines Lautenschläger
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Vigani
- Department of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Iannucci
- Department of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Pozzi
- Department of Small Animal Surgery, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Wang-Leandro
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Beckmann
- Department of Neurology, Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Cohen AD, Agarwal M, Jagra AS, Nencka AS, Meier TB, Lebel RM, McCrea MA, Wang Y. Longitudinal Reproducibility of MR Perfusion Using 3D Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labeling With Hadamard-Encoded Multiple Postlabeling Delays. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 51:1846-1853. [PMID: 31785062 PMCID: PMC10063372 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial spin labeling (ASL) can be confounded by varying arterial transit times (ATT) across the brain and with disease. Hadamard encoding schemes can be applied to 3D pseudocontinuous ASL (pCASL) to acquire ASL data with multiple postlabeling delays (PLDs) to estimate ATT and then correct cerebral blood flow (CBF). PURPOSE To assess the longitudinal reproducibility of 3D pCASL with Hadamard-encoded multiple PLDs. STUDY TYPE Prospective, longitudinal. POPULATION Fifty-two healthy, right-handed male subjects who underwent imaging at four timepoints over 45 days. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A Hadamard-encoded 3D pCASL sequence was acquired at 3.0T with seven PLDs from 1.0-3.7 sec. ASSESSMENT ATT and corrected CBF (cCBF) were computed. Conventional uncorrected CBF (unCBF) was also estimated. Within- and between-subject coefficient of variation (wCV and bCV, respectively) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were evaluated across four time intervals: 7, 14, 30, and 45 days, in gray matter and 17 independent regions of interest (ROIs). A power analysis was also conducted. STATISTICAL TESTS A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare ATT, cCBF, and unCBF across the four scan sessions. A paired two-sample t-test was used to compare cCBF and unCBF. Pearson's correlation was used to examine the relationship between the cCBF and unCBF difference and ATT. Power calculations were completed using both the cCBF and unCBF variances. RESULTS ATT showed the lowest wCV and bCV (3.3-4.4% and 6.0-6.3%, respectively) compared to both cCBF (10.5-11.7% and 20.6-22.2%, respectively) and unCBF (12.0-13.6% and 22.7-23.7%, respectively). wCV and bCV were lower for cCBF vs. unCBF. A significant difference between cCBF and unCBF was found in most regions (P = 5.5 × 10-5 -3.8 × 10-4 in gray matter) that was highly correlated with ATT (R2 = 0.79-0.86). A power analysis yielded acceptable power at feasible sample sizes using cCBF. DATA CONCLUSION ATT and ATT-corrected CBF were longitudinally stable, indicating that ATT and CBF changes can be reliably evaluated with Hadamard-encoded 3D pCASL with multiple PLDs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1846-1853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Cohen
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amritpal S Jagra
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew S Nencka
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Timothy B Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Michael A McCrea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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12
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Göttler J, Kaczmarz S, Nuttall R, Griese V, Napiórkowski N, Kallmayer M, Wustrow I, Eckstein HH, Zimmer C, Preibisch C, Finke K, Sorg C. The stronger one-sided relative hypoperfusion, the more pronounced ipsilateral spatial attentional bias in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:314-327. [PMID: 30480463 PMCID: PMC7370612 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18815790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with asymptomatic, high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis often suffer from subtle cognitive impairments with unclear underlying neuro-cognitive mechanisms. Thus, we hypothesized that stenosis-related unilateral cerebral hypoperfusion leads to an ipsilateral attentional bias; 22 patients with asymptomatic, one-sided high-grade carotid stenosis and 24 age-matched healthy controls underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling to assess brain perfusion in the territory of the carotid arteries. Furthermore, a parametric assessment of attention functions was carried out on the basis of the computational Theory of Visual Attention. Both patients' perfusion and spatial attention were significantly more lateralized than those of healthy controls. Critically, both asymmetry indices were significantly correlated in patients, i.e. the stronger one-sided relative hypoperfusion, the stronger ipsilateral bias of attention. This association was specifically pronounced in parietal cortices and independent of white matter hyperintensities as a surrogate for cerebrovascular brain damage. Results provide evidence for a link between lateralized hypoperfusion and lateralized attentional weighting in asymptomatic, high-grade carotid stenosis. Data suggest that lateralized hypoperfusion with simultaneous spatial attentional bias might serve as a potential therapeutic target in one-sided carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Göttler
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München,
Munich, Germany
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale
University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephan Kaczmarz
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale
University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel Nuttall
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Griese
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Natan Napiórkowski
- Department of Psychology,
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic
Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Kallmayer
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular
Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich,
Germany
| | - Isabel Wustrow
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik,
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular
Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich,
Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Preibisch
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Clinic for Neurology, Klinikum rechts
der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Finke
- Department of Psychology,
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Hans-Berger-Department of Neurology,
Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Diagnostic and
Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
- TUM Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC),
Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum
rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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13
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Gao L, Wang T, Qian T, Xiao F, Bai L, Zhang J, Xu H. Severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis is associated with robust reductions in homotopic functional connectivity. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 24:102101. [PMID: 31835289 PMCID: PMC6911862 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Severe (>70% narrowing) asymptomatic carotid stenosis (SACS) is associated with cognitive impairment and future strokes, and connectivity basis for the remote brain consequences is poorly understood. Here we explored homotopic connectivity and parenchymal lesions measured by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in patients with SACS. Twenty-four patients with SACS (19 males/5 females; 64.25 ± 7.18 years), 24 comorbidities-matched controls (19 males/5 females; 67.16 ± 6.10 years), and an independent sample of elderly healthy controls (39 females/45 males; 57.92 ± 4.94 years) were included. Homotopic functional connectivity (FC) of resting-state functional MRI and structural connectivity (SC) of deterministic tractography were assessed. Arterial spin labeling based cerebral perfusion, susceptibility weighted imaging based microhemorrhagic lesions, and T2-weighted white matter hyperintensities were also quantified. Significant and robust homotopic reductions (validated by the independent dataset and support vector machine-based machine learning) were identified in the Perisylvian fissure in patients with SACS (false discovery rate corrected, voxel p < 0.05). These involved regions span across several large-scale brain systems, which include the somatomotor, salience, dorsal attention, and orbitofrontal-limbic networks. This significantly reduced homotopic FC can be partially explained by the corrected white matter hyperintensity size. Further association analyses suggest that the decreased homotopic FC in these brain regions is most closely associated with delayed memory recall, sensorimotor processing, and other simple cognitive functions. Together, these results suggest that SACS predominately affects the lower-order brain systems, while higher-order systems, especially the topographies of default mode network, are least impacted initially, but may serve as a hallmark precursor to vascular dementia. Thus, assessment of homotopic FC may provide a means of noninvasively tracking the progression of downstream brain damage following asymptomatic carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Tianyi Qian
- MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare China, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Lijun Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China.
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China.
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14
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Chronic intracranial artery stenosis: Comparison of whole-brain arterial spin labeling with CT perfusion. Clin Imaging 2018; 52:252-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Hartkamp NS, Petersen ET, Chappell MA, Okell TW, Uyttenboogaart M, Zeebregts CJ, Bokkers RP. Relationship between haemodynamic impairment and collateral blood flow in carotid artery disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:2021-2032. [PMID: 28776469 PMCID: PMC6238174 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17724027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Collateral blood flow plays a pivotal role in steno-occlusive internal carotid artery (ICA) disease to prevent irreversible ischaemic damage. Our aim was to investigate the effect of carotid artery disease upon cerebral perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity and whether haemodynamic impairment is influenced at brain tissue level by the existence of primary and/or secondary collateral. Eighty-eight patients with steno-occlusive ICA disease and 29 healthy controls underwent MR examination. The presence of collaterals was determined with time-of-flight, two-dimensional phase contrast MRA and territorial arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging. Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity were assessed with ASL before and after acetazolamide. Cerebral haemodynamics were normal in asymptomatic ICA stenosis patients, as opposed to patients with ICA occlusion, in whom the haemodynamics in both hemispheres were compromised. Haemodynamic impairment in the affected brain region was always present in symptomatic patients. The degree of collateral blood flow was inversely correlated with haemodynamic impairment. Recruitment of secondary collaterals only occurred in symptomatic ICA occlusion patients. In conclusion, both CBF and cerebrovascular reactivity were found to be reduced in symptomatic patients with steno-occlusive ICA disease. The presence of collateral flow is associated with further haemodynamic impairment. Recruitment of secondary collaterals is associated with severe haemodynamic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan S Hartkamp
- 1 Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esben T Petersen
- 2 Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.,3 Center for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael A Chappell
- 4 Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,5 Oxford Center for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas W Okell
- 5 Oxford Center for Functional MRI of the Brain, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maarten Uyttenboogaart
- 6 Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,7 Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Clark J Zeebregts
- 8 Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Ph Bokkers
- 6 Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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16
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Liu M, Nie ZY, Li RR, Zhang W, Wang H, He YS, Zhao LJ, Li YX. Correlation of Brain Perfusion with White Matter Hyperintensity, Brain Atrophy, and Cognition in Patients with Posterior Cerebral Artery Stenosis and Subjective Cognitive Decline. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5729-5738. [PMID: 30115900 PMCID: PMC6109365 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the correlation of brain perfusion with white matter hyperintensity (WMH), brain atrophy, and cognition in patients with moderate to severe posterior cerebral artery stenosis (PCAS). MATERIAL AND METHODS 65 patients with memory decline as the main complaint and no history of brain infarction were recruited from the Department of Neurology of Tongji Hospital. Patients with moderate to severe PCAS were included in case group, and subjects with normal intracranial blood vessels served as controls. The demographics and vascular risk factors were recorded. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognition. CT perfusion imaging was performed, and WASID was employed for the assessment of intracranial artery stenosis. The region of interest (ROI) was analyzed based on the whole brain perfusion. Cranial MRI was performed, and Scheltens scoring system was used for the assessment of WMH on FLAIR. T1 weighed images were obtained, and global cortical atrophy (GCA) scale was employed for the assessment of brain atrophy. The detections of brain perfusion, WMH and brain atrophy were done at centrum ovale, parietal lateral ventricle and basal ganglia layers. RESULTS In PCAS patients we found low perfusion in the antecornu and postcornu blood supply areas at the lateral ventricle, the blood supply area of the anterior cerebral artery, the blood supply area of the posterior cerebral artery, and the blood supply area at the hippocampus as compared with control subjects (p<0.05). As compared with control subjects, the incidence of WMH in the blood supply areas at the deep brain and lateral ventricle was significantly higher in PCAS patients (p<0.05). When compared with controls, the incidence of brain atrophy increased significantly in PCAS patients (p<0.01). Correlation analysis showed the brain perfusion at the blood supply area of the posterior cerebral artery was positively correlated to the total MoCA score and negatively correlated to the severity of WMH at the blood supply area of the posterior cerebral artery (p<0.05). Further analysis showed the brain perfusion at the blood supply area of the posterior cerebral artery was negatively associated with cortex supplied by the posterior cerebral artery, posterior cingulate, and hippocampus (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS PCAS patients have a higher incidence of brain atrophy, and the perfusion at the area supplied by the posterior cerebral artery is correlated to the severity of brain atrophy and of WMH, as well as to cognition decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Yu Nie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Ren-Ren Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Sheng He
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Juan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yun-Xia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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17
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Kawadler JM, Hales PW, Barker S, Cox TCS, Kirkham FJ, Clark CA. Cerebral perfusion characteristics show differences in younger versus older children with sickle cell anaemia: Results from a multiple-inflow-time arterial spin labelling study. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3915. [PMID: 29601112 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is associated with chronic anaemia and oxygen desaturation, which elevate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and increase the risk of neurocognitive complications. Arterial spin labelling (ASL) provides a methodology for measuring CBF non-invasively; however, ASL techniques using only a single inflow time are not sufficient to fully characterize abnormal haemodynamic behaviour in SCA. This study investigated haemodynamic parameters from a multi-inflow-time ASL acquisition in younger (8-12 years) and older (13-18 years) children with SCA with and without silent cerebral infarction (SCI+/-) (n = 20 and 19 respectively, 6 and 4 SCI+ respectively) and healthy controls (n = 9 and 7 respectively). Compared with controls, CBF was elevated globally in both groups of patients. In the younger SCA patients, blood oxygen content was negatively correlated with CBF in the middle and posterior cerebral artery territories and significantly positively correlated with bolus arrival time (BAT) in the anterior and middle cerebral artery territories. In older children, SCA patients had significantly shorter BAT than healthy controls and there was a significant negative correlation between CBF and oxygen content only in the territory of the posterior cerebral artery, with a trend for a correlation in the anterior cerebral artery but no relationship for the middle cerebral artery territory. In the younger group, SCI+ patients had significantly higher CBF in the posterior cerebral artery territory (SCI+ mean = 92.78 ml/100 g/min; SCI- mean = 72.71 ml/100 g/min; F = 4.28, p = 0.04), but this no longer reached significance when two children with abnormal transcranial Doppler and one with haemoglobin SC disease were excluded, and there were no significant differences between patients with and without SCI in the older children. With age, there appears to be increasing disparity between patients and controls in terms of the relationship between CBF and oxygen content in the anterior circulation, potentially predicting the risk of acute and chronic compromise of brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Kawadler
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Patrick W Hales
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Simon Barker
- Wessex Neurological Centre and Child Health, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Timothy C S Cox
- Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fenella J Kirkham
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Wessex Neurological Centre and Child Health, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Chris A Clark
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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18
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Zhang D, Xu P, Qiao H, Liu X, Luo L, Huang W, Zhang H, Shi C. Carotid DSA based CFD simulation in assessing the patient with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a preliminary study. Biomed Eng Online 2018. [PMID: 29530025 PMCID: PMC5848462 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebrovascular events are frequently associated with hemodynamic disturbance caused by internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. It is challenging to determine the ischemia-related carotid stenosis during the intervention only using digital subtracted angiography (DSA). Inspired by the performance of well-established FFRct technique in hemodynamic assessment of significant coronary stenosis, we introduced a pressure-based carotid arterial functional assessment (CAFA) index generated from computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation in DSA data, and investigated its feasibility in the assessment of hemodynamic disturbance preliminarily using pressure-wired measurement and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI as references. Methods The cerebral multi-delay multi-parametric ASL-MRI and carotid DSA including trans-stenotic pressure-wired measurement were implemented on a 65-year-old man with asymptomatic unilateral (left) ICA stenosis. A CFD simulation using simplified boundary condition was performed in DSA data to calculate the CAFA index. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT) of ICA territories were acquired. Results CFD simulation showed good correlation (r = 0.839, P = 0.001) with slight systematic overestimation (mean difference − 0.007, standard deviation 0.017) compared with pressure-wired measurement. No significant difference was observed between them (P = 0.09). Though the narrowing degree of in the involved ICA was about 70%, the simulated and measured CAFA (0.942/0.937) revealed a functionally nonsignificant stenosis which was also verified by a compensatory final CBF (fronto-temporal/fronto-parietal region: 51.58/45.62 ml/100 g/min) and slightly prolonged ATT (1.23/1.4 s) in the involved territories, together with a normal left–right percentage difference (2.1–8.85%). Conclusions The DSA based CFD simulation showed good consistence with invasive approach and could be used as a cost-saving and efficient way to study the relationship between hemodynamic disorder caused by ICA stenosis and subsequent perfusion variations in brain. Further research should focus on the role of noninvasive pressure-based CAFA in screening asymptomatic ischemia-causing carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hongyu Qiao
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Heye Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, 1068 Xueyuan Ave, Xili University Town, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Road West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China.
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19
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Non-Invasive Renal Perfusion Imaging Using Arterial Spin Labeling MRI: Challenges and Opportunities. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:diagnostics8010002. [PMID: 29303965 PMCID: PMC5871985 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue perfusion allows for delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues, and in the kidneys is also a key determinant of glomerular filtration. Quantification of regional renal perfusion provides a potential window into renal (patho) physiology. However, non-invasive, practical, and robust methods to measure renal perfusion remain elusive, particularly in the clinic. Arterial spin labeling (ASL), a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, is arguably the only available method with potential to meet all these needs. Recent developments suggest its viability for clinical application. This review addresses several of these developments and discusses remaining challenges with the emphasis on renal imaging in human subjects.
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20
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Guo J, Holdsworth SJ, Fan AP, Lebel MR, Zun Z, Shankaranarayanan A, Zaharchuk G. Comparing accuracy and reproducibility of sequential and Hadamard-encoded multidelay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling for measuring cerebral blood flow and arterial transit time in healthy subjects: A simulation and in vivo study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 47:1119-1132. [PMID: 28792653 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare performance of sequential and Hadamard-encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL). MATERIALS AND METHODS Monte Carlo simulations and in vivo experiments were performed in 10 healthy subjects. Field strength and sequence: 5-delay sequential (5-del. Seq.), 7-delay Hadamard-encoded (7-del. Had.), and a single-delay (1-del.) PCASL, without and with vascular crushing at 3.0T. The errors and variations of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT) from simulations and the CBF and ATT estimates and variations in gray matter (GM) with different ATT ranges were compared. Pairwise t-tests with Bonferroni correction were used. RESULTS The simulations and in vivo experiments showed that 1-del. PCASL underestimated GM CBF due to insufficient postlabeling delay (PLD) (37.2 ± 8.1 vs. 47.3 ± 8.5 and 47.3 ± 9.0 ml/100g/min, P ≤ 6.5 × 10-6 ), while 5-del. Seq. and 7-del. Had. yielded comparable GM CBF (P ≥ 0.49). 5-del. Seq. was more reproducible for CBF (P = 4.7 × 10-4 ), while 7-del. Had. was more reproducible for ATT (P = 0.033). 5-del. Seq. was more prone to intravascular artifacts and yielded lower GM ATTs compared to 7-del. Had. without crushing (1.13 ± 0.18 vs. 1.23 ± 0.13 seconds, P = 2.3 × 10-3 ), but they gave comparable ATTs with crushing (P = 0.12). ATTs measured with crushing were longer than those without crushing (P ≤ 6.7 × 10-4 ), but CBF was not affected (P ≥ 0.16). CONCLUSION The theoretical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain through Hadamard encoding was confirmed experimentally. For 1-del., a PLD of 1.8 seconds is recommended for healthy subjects. With current parameters, 5-del. Seq. was more reproducible for CBF, and 7-del. Had. for ATT. Vascular crushing may help reduce variations in multidelay experiments without compromising tissue CBF or ATT measurements. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1119-1132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Audrey P Fan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Zungho Zun
- Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Greg Zaharchuk
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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21
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Robertson AD, Matta G, Basile VS, Black SE, Macgowan CK, Detre JA, MacIntosh BJ. Temporal and Spatial Variances in Arterial Spin-Labeling Are Inversely Related to Large-Artery Blood Velocity. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1555-1561. [PMID: 28619834 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The relationship between extracranial large-artery characteristics and arterial spin-labeling MR imaging may influence the quality of arterial spin-labeling-CBF images for older adults with and without vascular pathology. We hypothesized that extracranial arterial blood velocity can explain between-person differences in arterial spin-labeling data systematically across clinical populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed consecutive pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling and phase-contrast MR imaging on 82 individuals (20-88 years of age, 50% women), including healthy young adults, healthy older adults, and older adults with cerebral small vessel disease or chronic stroke infarcts. We examined associations between extracranial phase-contrast hemodynamics and intracranial arterial spin-labeling characteristics, which were defined by labeling efficiency, temporal signal-to-noise ratio, and spatial coefficient of variation. RESULTS Large-artery blood velocity was inversely associated with labeling efficiency (P = .007), temporal SNR (P < .001), and spatial coefficient of variation (P = .05) of arterial spin-labeling, after accounting for age, sex, and group. Correction for labeling efficiency on an individual basis led to additional group differences in GM-CBF compared to correction using a constant labeling efficiency. CONCLUSIONS Between-subject arterial spin-labeling variance was partially explained by extracranial velocity but not cross-sectional area. Choosing arterial spin-labeling timing parameters with on-line knowledge of blood velocity may improve CBF quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Robertson
- From the Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery (A.D.R., G.M., S.E.B., B.J.M.) .,Hurvitz Brain Sciences (A.D.R., S.E.B., B.J.M.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Matta
- From the Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery (A.D.R., G.M., S.E.B., B.J.M.)
| | - V S Basile
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (V.S.B., S.E.B.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Mackenzie Health (V.S.B.), Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
| | - S E Black
- From the Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery (A.D.R., G.M., S.E.B., B.J.M.).,Hurvitz Brain Sciences (A.D.R., S.E.B., B.J.M.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (V.S.B., S.E.B.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit (S.E.B.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C K Macgowan
- Hospital for Sick Children (C.K.M.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics (C.K.M., B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Detre
- Department of Neurology (J.A.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - B J MacIntosh
- From the Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery (A.D.R., G.M., S.E.B., B.J.M.).,Hurvitz Brain Sciences (A.D.R., S.E.B., B.J.M.), Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics (C.K.M., B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Haller S, Zaharchuk G, Thomas DL, Lovblad KO, Barkhof F, Golay X. Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion of the Brain: Emerging Clinical Applications. Radiology 2017; 281:337-356. [PMID: 27755938 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016150789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique used to assess cerebral blood flow noninvasively by magnetically labeling inflowing blood. In this article, the main labeling techniques, notably pulsed and pseudocontinuous ASL, as well as emerging clinical applications will be reviewed. In dementia, the pattern of hypoperfusion on ASL images closely matches the established patterns of hypometabolism on fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) images due to the close coupling of perfusion and metabolism in the brain. This suggests that ASL might be considered as an alternative for FDG, reserving PET to be used for the molecular disease-specific amyloid and tau tracers. In stroke, ASL can be used to assess perfusion alterations both in the acute and the chronic phase. In arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas, ASL is very sensitive to detect even small degrees of shunting. In epilepsy, ASL can be used to assess the epileptogenic focus, both in peri- and interictal period. In neoplasms, ASL is of particular interest in cases in which gadolinium-based perfusion is contraindicated (eg, allergy, renal impairment) and holds promise in differentiating tumor progression from benign causes of enhancement. Finally, various neurologic and psychiatric diseases including mild traumatic brain injury or posttraumatic stress disorder display alterations on ASL images in the absence of visualized structural changes. In the final part, current limitations and future developments of ASL techniques to improve clinical applicability, such as multiple inversion time ASL sequences to assess alterations of transit time, reproducibility and quantification of cerebral blood flow, and to measure cerebrovascular reserve, will be reviewed. © RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Haller
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
| | - Greg Zaharchuk
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
| | - David L Thomas
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
| | - Karl-Olof Lovblad
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
| | - Xavier Golay
- From Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge, Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Surgical Sciences, Div of Radiology, Uppsala Univ, Sweden (S.H.); Dept of Neuroradiology, Univ Hosp Freiburg, Germany (S.H.); Faculty of Medicine Univ of Geneva, Switzerland (S.H.); Dept of Radiology, Stanford Univ, Stanford, Calif (G.Z.); Univ College London, Inst of Neurology, London, England (D.L.T., X.G.); Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva Univ Hosps,Switzerland (K.O.L.); Dept of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, VU Univ Medical Ctr, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.B.); and Insts of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, Univ College London, England (F.B.)
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23
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Tong E, Sugrue L, Wintermark M. Understanding the Neurophysiology and Quantification of Brain Perfusion. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 26:57-65. [PMID: 28277465 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Newer neuroimaging technology has moved beyond pure anatomical imaging and ventured into functional and physiological imaging. Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (PWI), which depicts hemodynamic conditions of the brain at the microvascular level, has an increasingly important role in clinical central nervous system applications. This review provides an overview of the established role of PWI in brain tumor and cerebrovascular imaging, as well as some emerging applications in neuroimaging. PWI allows better characterization of brain tumors, grading, and monitoring. In acute stroke imaging, PWI is utilized to distinguish penumbra from infarcted tissue. PWI is a promising tool in the assessment of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, although its clinical role is not yet defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tong
- *Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco †Department of Neuroradiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
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24
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Kim DW, Shim WH, Yoon SK, Oh JY, Kim JK, Jung H, Matsuda T, Kim D. Measurement of arterial transit time and renal blood flow using pseudocontinuous ASL MRI with multiple post-labeling delays: Feasibility, reproducibility, and variation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 46:813-819. [PMID: 28092411 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility, reproducibility, and variation of renal perfusion and arterial transit time (ATT) using pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (PCASL MRI) in healthy volunteers. MATERIALS AND METHODS PCASL MRI at 3T was performed in 25 healthy volunteers on two different occasions. The ATT and ATT-corrected renal blood flow (ATT-cRBF) were calculated at four different post-labeling delay points (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 s) and evaluated for each kidney and subject. The intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot were used to assess the reproducibility of the PCASL MRI technique. The within-subject coefficient of variance was determined. RESULTS Results were obtained for 46 kidneys of 23 subjects with a mean age of 38.6 ± 9.8 years and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 89.1 ± 21.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 . Two subjects failed in the ASL MRI examination. The mean cortical and medullary ATT-cRBF for the subjects were 215 ± 65 and 81 ± 21 ml/min/100 g, respectively, and the mean cortical and medullary ATT were 1141 ± 262 and 1123 ± 245 msec, correspondingly. The ICC for the cortical ATT-cRBF was 0.927 and the within-subject coefficient of variance was 14.4%. The ICCs for the medullary ATT-cRBF and the cortical and medullary ATT were poor. The Bland-Altman plot for cortical RBF showed good agreement between the two measurements. CONCLUSION PCASL MRI is a feasible and reproducible method for measuring renal cortical perfusion. In contrast, ATT for the renal cortex and medulla has poor reproducibility and high variation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:813-819.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Shim
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Kuk Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jong Yeong Oh
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Bioimaging Infrastructure, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, Asan Institute for life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hoesu Jung
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Barkeij Wolf JJH, Foster-Dingley JC, Moonen JEF, van Osch MJP, de Craen AJM, de Ruijter W, van der Mast RC, van der Grond J. Unilateral fetal-type circle of Willis anatomy causes right-left asymmetry in cerebral blood flow with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling: A limitation of arterial spin labeling-based cerebral blood flow measurements? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2016; 36:1570-8. [PMID: 26755444 PMCID: PMC5012520 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x15626155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The accuracy of cerebral blood flow measurements using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling can be affected by vascular factors other than cerebral blood flow, such as flow velocity and arterial transit time. We aimed to elucidate the effects of common variations in vascular anatomy of the circle of Willis on pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling signal. In addition, we investigated whether possible differences in pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling signal could be mediated by differences in flow velocities. Two hundred and three elderly participants underwent magnetic resonance angiography of the circle of Willis and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling scans. Mean pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling-cerebral blood flow signal was calculated for the gray matter of the main cerebral flow territories. Mean cerebellar gray matter pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling-cerebral blood flow was significantly lower in subjects having a posterior fetal circle of Willis variant with an absent P1 segment. The posterior fetal circle of Willis variants also showed a significantly higher pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling-cerebral blood flow signal in the ipsilateral flow territory of the posterior cerebral artery. Flow velocity in the basilar artery was significantly lower in these posterior fetal circle of Willis variants. This study indicates that pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling measurements underestimate cerebral blood flow in the posterior flow territories and cerebellum of subjects with a highly prevalent variation in circle of Willis morphology. Additionally, our data suggest that this effect is mediated by concomitant differences in flow velocity between the supplying arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justine E F Moonen
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias J P van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anton J M de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter de Ruijter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roos C van der Mast
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, CAPRI, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Akiyama T, Morioka T, Shimogawa T, Haga S, Sayama T, Kanazawa Y, Murao K, Arakawa S. Arterial Spin-Labeling Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging with Dual Postlabeling Delay in Internal Carotid Artery Steno-occlusion: Validation with Digital Subtraction Angiography. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:2099-108. [PMID: 27339943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (ASL-MRI) allows noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) but depends on the arterial transit time (ATT). With the commonly used single postlabeling delay (PLD) of 1.5 seconds, slow flow through collateral vessels may be underestimated. We used both 1.5 and 2.5 seconds to overcome this problem. We validated these PLD settings by measuring the ATT and identifying the angiographic circulation using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). METHODS We retrospectively selected 5 patients with unilateral occlusion or stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in whom ASL-MRI showed low CBF with 1.5-second PLD in the target area and improved CBF with 2.5-second PLD. We then compared the ASL-MRI findings visually with DSA findings at 1.5 and 2.5 seconds after injection of the contrast. When arterial transit artifacts (ATAs), attributed to stagnant intravascular spin-labeled blood, were observed, DSA findings were analyzed visually at 4.5 seconds. RESULTS DSA revealed that the hypovascular area seen at 1.5 seconds was improved via the primary and secondary collaterals and delayed anterograde flow at 2.5 seconds. Serpiginous or round-shaped ATAs, which appeared in nearly the same configuration on dual PLD ASL-MRI, were attributed to stagnant collaterals and flow in the M2 portion of the middle cerebral artery and ICA during the late venous phase. CONCLUSIONS Use of dual PLD times was validated by the DSA findings. ATA detection using the dual PLDs also differentiated well-developed and stagnant collateral vessels from focal hyperperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Akiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takato Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shimogawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Sei Haga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Kanazawa
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kei Murao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shuji Arakawa
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Marshall RS, Pavol MA, Cheung YK, Strom I, Slane K, Asllani I, Lazar RM. Dissociation among hemodynamic measures in asymptomatic high grade carotid artery stenosis. J Neurol Sci 2016; 367:143-7. [PMID: 27423579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation is a critical element in cerebrovascular pathophysiology, particularly in large vessel disease, but the best method to use for hemodynamic assessment is not clear. We examined 4 different blood-flow related measures in patients with unilateral high-grade carotid artery disease, assessing asymmetry between the occluded vs non-occluded side, and the correlations among the measures. METHODS Thirty-three patients (age 50-93, 19 M) with unilateral 80-100% ICA occlusion but no stroke underwent: 1) mean flow velocity (MFV) in both middle cerebral arteries by transcranial Doppler (TCD), 2) quantitative resting CBF using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) MRI, 3) vasomotor reactivity (VMR) in response to 5% CO2 inhalation, and 4) dynamic cerebral autoregulation (DCA) assessing the counter-regulation of blood flow to spontaneous changes in blood pressure using TCD monitoring and finger photoplethysmography. Paired t-tests and Pearson correlations assessed side-to-side differences within each measure, and correlations between measures. RESULTS CBF (p=0.001), MFV (p<0.001), VMR (p=0.008), and DCA (p=0.047) all showed significantly lower values on the occluded side. The 4 measures were independent of each other on correlation analysis, even when controlling for age and anterior circle of Willis collateral (all partial correlations <0.233 and p-values >0.468). CONCLUSIONS These 4 measures showed high sensitivity to the occluded carotid artery, but their dissociation suggests that any given measure only partially characterizes the hemodynamic state. Additional research is needed to explore the multifaceted biology of cerebral blood flow regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - MaryKay A Pavol
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, New York, United States
| | - Ying K Cheung
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Isabelle Strom
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, New York, United States
| | - Kevin Slane
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, New York, United States
| | - Iris Asllani
- Rochester Institute of Neurology, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Ronald M Lazar
- Columbia University, Department of Neurology, New York, United States
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28
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Forkert ND, Li MD, Lober RM, Yeom KW. Gray Matter Growth Is Accompanied by Increasing Blood Flow and Decreasing Apparent Diffusion Coefficient during Childhood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1738-44. [PMID: 27102314 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Normal values of gray matter volume, cerebral blood flow, and water diffusion have not been established for healthy children. We sought to determine reference values for age-dependent changes of these parameters in healthy children. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed MR imaging data from 100 healthy children. Using an atlas-based approach, age-related normal values for regional CBF, apparent diffusion coefficient, and volume were determined for the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens. RESULTS All gray matter structures grew rapidly before the age of 10 years and then plateaued or slightly declined thereafter. The ADC of all structures decreased with age, with the most rapid changes occurring prior to the age of 5 years. With the exception of the globus pallidus, CBF increased rather linearly with age. CONCLUSIONS Normal brain gray matter is characterized by rapid early volume growth and increasing CBF with concomitantly decreasing ADC. The extracted reference data that combine CBF and ADC parameters during brain growth may provide a useful resource when assessing pathologic changes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Forkert
- From the Department of Radiology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute (N.D.F.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M D Li
- Department of Radiology (M.D.L., K.W.Y.), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - R M Lober
- Department of Neurosurgery (R.M.L.), Dayton Children's Hospital, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
| | - K W Yeom
- Department of Radiology (M.D.L., K.W.Y.), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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29
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Heijtel DFR, Petersen ET, Mutsaerts HJMM, Bakker E, Schober P, Stevens MF, van Berckel BNM, Majoie CBLM, Booij J, van Osch MJP, van Bavel ET, Boellaard R, Lammertsma AA, Nederveen AJ. Quantitative agreement between [(15)O]H2O PET and model free QUASAR MRI-derived cerebral blood flow and arterial blood volume. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:519-526. [PMID: 26876426 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess whether there was an agreement between quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial cerebral blood volume (CBVA) measurements by [(15)O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET) and model-free QUASAR MRI. Twelve healthy subjects were scanned within a week in separate MRI and PET imaging sessions, after which quantitative and qualitative agreement between both modalities was assessed for gray matter, white matter and whole brain region of interests (ROI). The correlation between CBF measurements obtained with both modalities was moderate to high (r(2): 0.28-0.60, P < 0.05), although QUASAR significantly underestimated CBF by 30% (P < 0.001). CBVA was moderately correlated (r(2): 0.28-0.43, P < 0.05), with QUASAR yielding values that were only 27% of the [(15)O]H2O-derived values (P < 0.001). Group-wise voxel statistics identified minor areas with significant contrast differences between [(15)O]H2O PET and QUASAR MRI, indicating similar qualitative CBVA and CBF information by both modalities. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that QUASAR MRI and [(15)O]H2O PET provide similar CBF and CBVA information, but with systematic quantitative discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F R Heijtel
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E T Petersen
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - H J M M Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Bakker
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Schober
- Department of Anesthesiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M F Stevens
- Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C B L M Majoie
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Booij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M J P van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E T van Bavel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R Boellaard
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A A Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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A neuroradiologist's guide to arterial spin labeling MRI in clinical practice. Neuroradiology 2015; 57:1181-202. [PMID: 26351201 PMCID: PMC4648972 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-015-1571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive MRI technique to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF). This review provides a practical guide and overview of the clinical applications of ASL of the brain, as well its potential pitfalls. The technical and physiological background is also addressed. At present, main areas of interest are cerebrovascular disease, dementia and neuro-oncology. In cerebrovascular disease, ASL is of particular interest owing to its quantitative nature and its capability to determine cerebral arterial territories. In acute stroke, the source of the collateral blood supply in the penumbra may be visualised. In chronic cerebrovascular disease, the extent and severity of compromised cerebral perfusion can be visualised, which may be used to guide therapeutic or preventative intervention. ASL has potential for the detection and follow-up of arteriovenous malformations. In the workup of dementia patients, ASL is proposed as a diagnostic alternative to PET. It can easily be added to the routinely performed structural MRI examination. In patients with established Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia, hypoperfusion patterns are seen that are similar to hypometabolism patterns seen with PET. Studies on ASL in brain tumour imaging indicate a high correlation between areas of increased CBF as measured with ASL and increased cerebral blood volume as measured with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging. Major advantages of ASL for brain tumour imaging are the fact that CBF measurements are not influenced by breakdown of the blood–brain barrier, as well as its quantitative nature, facilitating multicentre and longitudinal studies.
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31
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Zhang J. How far is arterial spin labeling MRI from a clinical reality? Insights from arterial spin labeling comparative studies in Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 43:1020-45. [PMID: 26250802 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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32
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Gómez-Choco M, Schreiber SJ, Weih M, Doepp F, Valdueza JM. Delayed Transcranial Echo-Contrast Bolus Arrival in Unilateral Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis and Occlusion. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2015; 41:1827-1834. [PMID: 25890887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Some patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion or stenosis are at risk of developing a hemodynamic stroke. Transcranial ultrasonography using an echo-contrast bolus technique might be able to assess the extent of hemodynamic compromise. We describe a transcranial Doppler sonographic method that analyzes the differences in echo-contrast bolus arrival between both middle cerebral arteries after intravenous echo-contrast application. Ten patients with 50%-79% ICA stenosis, 10 patients with 80%-99% ICA stenosis and 22 patients with ICA occlusion were studied and compared with 15 age-matched controls. There were significant increases in delayed filling of the middle cerebral artery in both 80%-99% stenoses and occlusions compared with controls. The extent of the observed delays did not correlate with vasomotor reactivity. Echo-contrast bolus arrival time can be used to gain additional information on the intracranial hemodynamic effects of extracranial carotid artery disease that seems to be independent of the established ultrasound indices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Florian Doepp
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - José M Valdueza
- Neurological Center, Segeberger Kliniken, Bad Segeberg, Germany.
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Alsop DC, Detre JA, Golay X, Günther M, Hendrikse J, Hernandez-Garcia L, Lu H, MacIntosh BJ, Parkes LM, Smits M, van Osch MJP, Wang DJJ, Wong EC, Zaharchuk G. Recommended implementation of arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI for clinical applications: A consensus of the ISMRM perfusion study group and the European consortium for ASL in dementia. Magn Reson Med 2015; 73:102-16. [PMID: 24715426 PMCID: PMC4190138 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1507] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a summary statement of recommended implementations of arterial spin labeling (ASL) for clinical applications. It is a consensus of the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group and the European ASL in Dementia consortium, both of whom met to reach this consensus in October 2012 in Amsterdam. Although ASL continues to undergo rapid technical development, we believe that current ASL methods are robust and ready to provide useful clinical information, and that a consensus statement on recommended implementations will help the clinical community to adopt a standardized approach. In this review, we describe the major considerations and trade-offs in implementing an ASL protocol and provide specific recommendations for a standard approach. Our conclusion is that as an optimal default implementation, we recommend pseudo-continuous labeling, background suppression, a segmented three-dimensional readout without vascular crushing gradients, and calculation and presentation of both label/control difference images and cerebral blood flow in absolute units using a simplified model.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Alsop
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A. Detre
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xavier Golay
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Matthias Günther
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany
- University Bremen, Germany
- Mediri GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Hernandez-Garcia
- FMRI Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bradley J. MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura M. Parkes
- Centre for Imaging Science, Institute of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marion Smits
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias J. P. van Osch
- C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danny JJ Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric C. Wong
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Greg Zaharchuk
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Zhang L, Ya B, Yang P, Sun F, Zhang L, Li Y, Li L. Impact of carotid atherosclerosis combined with hypercholesterolemia on cerebral microvessels and brain parenchyma in a new complex rat model. Neurochem Res 2014; 39:653-60. [PMID: 24473815 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-014-1242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most previous investigations about stroke caused by carotid atherosclerosis have focused on thromboembolism. There is a lack of knowledge about pathophysiology of the brain before ischemic insults. The objective of this study was to develop a new model of hypercholesterolemia plus carotid injury and to investigate the impact of carotid atherosclerosis combined with hypercholesterolemia in the rat brain. The complex rat model was developed by carotid injury induced by an air-drying endothelial denudation method after high cholesterol diet for 2 weeks. Plasma cholesterol, carotid pathomorphology, oxidative stress and inflammation in cerebral microvessels and brain parenchyma were measured at 7, 14 and 28 days after carotid surgery. The results showed that plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly increased, and severe carotid atherosclerosis and stenosis was observed in the complex rat model at 14 and 28 days after carotid surgery. The activity of superoxide dismutase was decreased, while the content of malondialdehyde was increased in cerebral microvessels and brain parenchyma. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were elevated in brain tissues of this model. Almost all above changes were more severe than those in either hypercholesterolemia alone group or carotid injury alone group. These results suggest that this complex rat model may more resemble human disease than the classic acute ischemic insult model for assessing the impact of carotid atherosclerosis as a preexisting disease on cerebral microcirculation and brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China
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Hartkamp NS, De Cocker LJ, Helle M, van Osch MJ, Kappelle LJ, Bokkers RP, Hendrikse J. In vivo visualization of the PICA perfusion territory with super-selective pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling MRI. Neuroimage 2013; 83:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Rane S, Donahue PMC, Towse T, Ridner S, Chappell M, Jordi J, Gore J, Donahue MJ. Clinical feasibility of noninvasive visualization of lymphatic flow with principles of spin labeling MR imaging: implications for lymphedema assessment. Radiology 2013; 269:893-902. [PMID: 23864103 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.13120145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To extend a commonly used noninvasive arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance (MR) imaging method for measuring blood flow to evaluate lymphatic flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS All volunteers (n = 12) provided informed consent in accordance with institutional review board and HIPAA regulations. Quantitative relaxation time (T1 and T2) measurements were made in extracted human lymphatic fluid at 3.0 T. Guided by these parameters, an arterial spin labeling MR imaging approach was adapted to measure lymphatic flow (flow-alternating inversion-recovery lymphatic water labeling, 3 × 3 × 5 mm) in healthy subjects (n = 6; mean age, 30 years ± 1 [standard deviation]; recruitment duration, 2 months). Lymphatic flow velocity was quantified by performing spin labeling measurements as a function of postlabeling delay time and by measuring time to peak signal intensity in axillary lymph nodes. Clinical feasibility was evaluated in patients with stage II lymphedema (three women; age range, 43-64 years) and in control subjects with unilateral cuff-induced lymphatic stenosis (one woman, two men; age range, 31-35 years). RESULTS Mean T1 and T2 relaxation times of lymphatic fluid at 3.0 T were 3100 msec ± 160 (range, 2930-3210 msec; median, 3200 msec) and 610 msec ± 12 (range, 598-618 msec; median, 610 msec), respectively. Healthy lymphatic flow (afferent vessel to axillary node) velocity was 0.61 cm/min ± 0.13 (n = 6). A reduction (P < .005) in lymphatic flow velocity in the affected arms of patients and the affected arms of healthy subjects with manipulated cuff-induced flow reduction was observed. The ratio of unaffected to affected axilla lymphatic velocity (1.24 ± 0.18) was significantly (P < .005) higher than the left-to-right ratio in healthy subjects (0.91 ± 0.18). CONCLUSION This work provides a foundation for clinical investigations whereby lymphedema etiogenesis and therapies may be interrogated without exogenous agents and with clinically available imaging equipment. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Rane
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences (S. Rane, T.T., J.G., M.J.D.), Vanderbilt Dayani Center for Health and Wellness (P.M.C.D.), Vanderbilt Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (P.M.C.D.), School of Nursing (S. Ridner), and Department of Psychiatry (M.J.D.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (S. Rane, T.T., J.G., M.J.D.) and Department of Physics and Astronomy (M.J.D.), Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Ave South, Medical Center North, AA-3107, Nashville, TN 37232-2310; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, England (M.C.); John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford Center for Functional MRI of the Brain, Oxford, England (M.C.); and Siskin Hospital Lymphedema Clinic, Chattanooga, Tenn (J.J.)
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Hartkamp NS, Petersen ET, De Vis JB, Bokkers RPH, Hendrikse J. Mapping of cerebral perfusion territories using territorial arterial spin labeling: techniques and clinical application. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:901-912. [PMID: 22807022 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A knowledge of the exact cerebral perfusion territory which is supplied by any artery is of great importance in the understanding and diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. The development and optimization of territorial arterial spin labeling (T-ASL) MRI techniques in the past two decades have made it possible to visualize and determine the cerebral perfusion territories in individual patients and, more importantly, to do so without contrast agents or otherwise invasive procedures. This review provides an overview of the development of ASL techniques that aim to visualize the general cerebral perfusion territories or the territory of a specific artery of interest. The first efforts of T-ASL with pulsed, continuous and pseudo-continuous techniques are summarized and subsequent clinical studies using T-ASL are highlighted. In the healthy population, the perfusion territories of the brain-feeding arteries are highly variable. This high variability requires special consideration in specific patient groups, such as patients with cerebrovascular disease, stroke, steno-occlusive disease of the large arteries and arteriovenous malformations. In the past, catheter angiography with selective contrast injection was the only available method to visualize the cerebral perfusion territories in vivo. Several T-ASL methods, sometimes referred to as regional perfusion imaging, are now available that can easily be combined with conventional brain MRI examinations to show the relationship between the cerebral perfusion territories, vascular anatomy and brain infarcts or other pathology. Increased availability of T-ASL techniques on clinical MRI scanners will allow radiologists and other clinicians to gain further knowledge of the relationship between vasculature and patient diagnosis and prognosis. Treatment decisions, such as surgical revascularization, may, in the near future, be guided by information provided by T-ASL MRI in close correlation with structural MRI and quantitative perfusion information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan S Hartkamp
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Harloff A, Zech T, Wegent F, Strecker C, Weiller C, Markl M. Comparison of blood flow velocity quantification by 4D flow MR imaging with ultrasound at the carotid bifurcation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1407-13. [PMID: 23413247 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 4D flow MR imaging is an emerging technique that allows visualization and quantification of 3D blood flow in vivo. However, representative studies evaluating its accuracy are lacking. Therefore, we compared blood flow quantification by using 4D flow MR imaging with US within the carotid bifurcation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two healthy volunteers (age 25.3 ± 3.4 years) and 20 patients with ≥50% ICA stenosis (age 67.7 ± 7.4 years) were examined preoperatively and postoperatively by use of 4D flow MR imaging, with complete coverage of the left and right carotid bifurcation. Blood flow velocities were assessed with standardized 2D analysis planes distributed along the CCA and the ICA and were compared with US at baseline and postoperatively in patients. In addition, we tested reproducibility and interobserver agreement of 4D MR imaging in 10 volunteers. RESULTS Overall, 101 CCAs and 79 ICAs were available for comparison. MR imaging underestimated (P < .05) systolic CCA and ICA blood flow velocity by 26% (0.79 ± 0.29 m/s vs 1.06 ± 0.31 m/s) and 19% (0.72 ± 0.21 m/s vs 0.89 ± 0.27 m/s) compared with US. Diastolic blood flow velocities were similar for MR imaging and US (differences, 9% and 3%, respectively; not significant). Reproducibility and interobserver agreement of 4D flow MR imaging was excellent. CONCLUSIONS 4D flow MR imaging allowed for an accurate measurement of blood flow velocities in the carotid bifurcation of both volunteers and patients with only moderate underestimation compared with US. Thus, 4D flow MR imaging seems promising for a future combination with MRA to comprehensively assess ICA stenosis and related hemodynamic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Harloff
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
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Macintosh BJ, Marquardt L, Schulz UG, Jezzard P, Rothwell PM. Hemodynamic alterations in vertebrobasilar large artery disease assessed by arterial spin-labeling MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1939-44. [PMID: 22555580 PMCID: PMC7964632 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE VB artery stenosis is associated with a high risk of recurrent ischemic events, and knowledge about the hemodynamic relevance of VB stenosis is important for clinical decision making. In this study, multiple inflow pulsed ASL MR imaging was assessed for its ability to measure CBF and ATT in patients with VB disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS ASL was performed on a 3T MR imaging scanner in 41 participants. Twenty-one patients had a history of ischemic events in the VB circulation (14 men, 7 women, age 66 ± 11 years). Clinical data and CE-MRA were used to classify VB disease severity. Twenty age-matched adults were controls. Group and within-VB analyses were performed. Mean CBF and ATT values in the ROIs were adjusted by excluding voxels that did not produce a reliable ASL estimate. RESULTS CBF was reduced (P < .003) in patients compared with controls, which was significant after excluding voxels with a poor fit. Differences in ATT between patients and controls were not significant after voxel correction. There was a strong correlation between CBF and ATT among patients. Finally, ATT was significantly correlated with VB disease severity (P = .026). CONCLUSIONS Multiple inflow ASL distinguished patients with VB disease from age matched-controls. VB disease rating was associated with prolonged ATT downstream. ASL may have diagnostic potential among patients in whom risk of intervention is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Macintosh
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.
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40
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Baron JC, Jones T. Oxygen metabolism, oxygen extraction and positron emission tomography: Historical perspective and impact on basic and clinical neuroscience. Neuroimage 2012; 61:492-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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41
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Arterial spin labeling for acute stroke: practical considerations. Transl Stroke Res 2012; 3:228-35. [PMID: 24323778 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-012-0159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-contrast method of measuring cerebral perfusion with MRI. It has several advantages over traditional contrast-based perfusion-weighted imaging, including non-invasiveness, more straightforward cerebral blood flow (CBF) quantification, and repeatability. However, because of its lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per unit time and its high sensitivity to arterial transit delays, it has not been used frequently in acute stroke, where arterial delays and time-efficiency are of the essence. This is beginning to change, driven by higher SNR implementations of ASL and the increasing use of 3T scanners. Furthermore, velocity-selective ASL sequences that are largely insensitive to arrival times are beginning to be applied to patients with cerebrovascular disease and promise the ability to quantify CBF even in regions supplied by late-arriving collateral flow. Despite these advances, many practical issues must be addressed to optimize ASL for its use in acute stroke studies. These include optimizing the trade-off between time, SNR, imaging resolution, and sensitivity to slow flow. Rapid and robust post-processing of image data must be made routine, such that CBF maps are available in real time so that they can be considered when making treatment decisions. Lastly, automated software needs to be developed in order to delineate hypoperfused tissue volumes, which is challenging due to the inherent differences between gray and white matter CBF. Attention to these details is critical to translate this promising research tool into mainstream clinical trials and practice in acute stroke.
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42
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Donahue MJ, Strother MK, Hendrikse J. Novel MRI approaches for assessing cerebral hemodynamics in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 2012; 43:903-15. [PMID: 22343644 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.111.635995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in cerebral hemodynamics underlie a broad spectrum of ischemic cerebrovascular disorders. An ability to accurately and quantitatively measure hemodynamic (cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume) and related metabolic (cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen) parameters is important for understanding healthy brain function and comparative dysfunction in ischemia. Although positron emission tomography, single-photon emission tomography, and gadolinium-MRI approaches are common, more recently MRI approaches that do not require exogenous contrast have been introduced with variable sensitivity for hemodynamic parameters. The ability to obtain hemodynamic measurements with these new approaches is particularly appealing in clinical and research scenarios in which follow-up and longitudinal studies are necessary. The purpose of this review is to outline current state-of-the-art MRI methods for measuring cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and provide practical tips to avoid imaging pitfalls. MRI studies of cerebrovascular disease performed without exogenous contrast are synopsized in the context of clinical relevance and methodological strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus J Donahue
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Detre JA, Rao H, Wang DJJ, Chen YF, Wang Z. Applications of arterial spin labeled MRI in the brain. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 35:1026-37. [PMID: 22246782 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfusion provides oxygen and nutrients to tissues and is closely tied to tissue function while disorders of perfusion are major sources of medical morbidity and mortality. It has been almost two decades since the use of arterial spin labeling (ASL) for noninvasive perfusion imaging was first reported. While initial ASL magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies focused primarily on technological development and validation, a number of robust ASL implementations have emerged, and ASL MRI is now also available commercially on several platforms. As a result, basic science and clinical applications of ASL MRI have begun to proliferate. Although ASL MRI can be carried out in any organ, most studies to date have focused on the brain. This review covers selected research and clinical applications of ASL MRI in the brain to illustrate its potential in both neuroscience research and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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44
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Avni R, Raz T, Biton IE, Kalchenko V, Garbow JR, Neeman M. Unique in utero identification of fetuses in multifetal mouse pregnancies by placental bidirectional arterial spin labeling MRI. Magn Reson Med 2011; 68:560-70. [PMID: 22162003 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging is a critical part of the study of developing embryos/fetuses, particularly in the context of alterations of gene expression in genetically modified animals. However, in litter-bearing animals, such as mice, the inability to accurately identify individual embryo/fetus in utero is a major obstacle to longitudinal, noninvasive in vivo studies. Arterial spin labeling MRI was adopted here to determine the fetal order along the uterine horns in vivo, based on the specific pattern of dual arterial blood supply within the mouse uterine horns. Blood enters the mouse uterus cranially through the ovarian artery and caudally through the uterine artery. Saturation slices were alternately placed on the maternal heart or on the bifurcation point of the common iliac artery, thereby saturating either downward inflow via the ovarian arteries or upward inflow via the uterine arteries, respectively. Saturation maps provided a unique signature with highly significant correlation between the direction-dependent magnetization transfer and the position of the fetuses/placentas along the uterine horns. The bidirectional arterial spin labeling-MRI method reported here opens possibilities to determine and pursue phenotypic alterations in fetuses and placentas in longitudinal studies of transgenic and knockout mice models, and for studying defects in placental vascular architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Avni
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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45
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Gevers S, Heijtel D, Ferns SP, van Ooij P, van Rooij WJ, van Osch MJ, van den Berg R, Nederveen AJ, Majoie CB. Cerebral perfusion long term after therapeutic occlusion of the internal carotid artery in patients who tolerated angiographic balloon test occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 33:329-35. [PMID: 22081677 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Therapeutic carotid occlusion is an established technique for treatment of large and giant aneurysms of the ICA, in patients with synchronous venous filling on angiography during BTO. Concern remains that hemodynamic alterations after permanent occlusion will predispose the patient to new ischemic injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere. The purpose of this study was to assess whether BTO with synchronous venous filling is associated with normal CBF long term after carotid sacrifice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients were included (all women; mean age, 50.5 years; mean follow-up, 38.5 months). ASL with single and multiple TIs was used to assess CBF and its temporal characteristics. Selective ASL was used to assess actual territorial contribution of the ICA and BA. Collateral flow via the AcomA or PcomA or both was determined by time-resolved 3D PCMR. Paired t tests were used to compare CBF and timing parameters between hemispheres. RESULTS Absolute CBF values were within the normal range. There was no significant CBF difference between hemispheres ipsilateral and contralateral to carotid sacrifice (49.4 ± 11.2 versus 50.1 ± 10.1 mL/100 g/min). Arterial arrival time and trailing edge time were significantly prolonged on the occlusion side (816 ± 119 ms versus 741 ± 103 ms, P = .001; and 1765 ± 179 ms versus 1646 ± 190 ms, P < .001). Two patients had collateral flow through the AcomA only and were found to have increased timing parameters compared with 9 patients with mixed collateral flow through both the AcomA and PcomA. CONCLUSIONS In this small study, patients with synchronous venous filling during BTO had normal CBF long term after therapeutic ICA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gevers
- Department of Radiology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Ances BM, Vaida F, Cherner M, Yeh MJ, Liang CL, Gardner C, Grant I, Ellis RJ, Buxton RB. HIV and chronic methamphetamine dependence affect cerebral blood flow. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2011; 6:409-19. [PMID: 21431471 PMCID: PMC3251315 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-011-9270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and methamphetamine (METH) dependence are independently associated with neuronal dysfunction. The coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neuronal activity is the basis of many task-based functional neuroimaging techniques. We examined the interaction between HIV infection and a previous history of METH dependence on CBF within the lenticular nuclei (LN). Twenty-four HIV-/METH-, eight HIV-/METH+, 24 HIV+/METH-, and 15 HIV+/METH+ participants performed a finger tapping paradigm. A multiple regression analysis of covariance assessed associations and two-way interactions between CBF and HIV serostatus and/or previous history of METH dependence. HIV+ individuals had a trend towards a lower baseline CBF (-10%, p = 0.07) and greater CBF changes for the functional task (+32%, p = 0.01) than HIV- subjects. Individuals with a previous history of METH dependence had a lower baseline CBF (-16%, p = 0.007) and greater CBF changes for a functional task (+33%, p = 0.02). However, no interaction existed between HIV serostatus and previous history of METH dependence for either baseline CBF (p = 0.53) or CBF changes for a functional task (p = 0.10). In addition, CBF and volume in the LN were not correlated. A possible additive relationship could exist between HIV infection and a history of METH dependence on CBF with a previous history of METH dependence having a larger contribution. Abnormalities in CBF could serve as a surrogate measure for assessing the chronic effects of HIV and previous METH dependence on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Ave, Box 08111, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Muller M, van der Graaf Y, Algra A, Hendrikse J, Mali WP, Geerlings MI. Carotid atherosclerosis and progression of brain atrophy: the SMART-MR study. Ann Neurol 2011; 70:237-44. [PMID: 21674583 DOI: 10.1002/ana.22392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis has been implicated in the development of brain atrophy. However, support for this association comes from cross-sectional studies. METHODS Within the Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease-Magnetic Resonance (SMART-MR) study, a prospective cohort study among patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic disease (mean age ± standard deviation, 58 ± 10 years; 80% men), magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed in 1,232 patients at baseline (2001-2005) and in 663 patients at follow-up (2006-2009). Brain segmentation was used to quantify total brain volume, cortical gray matter volume, and ventricular volume as indicators of global, cortical, and subcortical atrophy. At baseline, measurements of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid stenosis were performed. Carotid stenosis was classified into groups 0 of 50%, 50 of 70% (moderate), and >70% (severe) and into unilateral or bilateral stenosis. RESULTS Cross-sectional regression analyses showed that both increased CIMT and carotid stenosis were associated with decreased relative total brain and cortical gray matter volume. Our prospective findings showed that after a mean follow-up of 3.9 years (range, 3.0-5.8 years), CIMT and moderate stenosis were not related to progression of brain atrophy. Only severe or bilateral carotid stenosis was related to progression of global atrophy (β [95% confidence interval (CI)], -0.52% [-0.84 to -0.20%], -0.94% [-1.45 to -0.43%]), cortical atrophy (β [95% CI], -0.75% [-1.37 to -0.13%], -1.34% [-2.32 to -0.35%]), and subcortical atrophy (β [95% CI], 0.06% [-0.02 to 0.16%], 0.13% [0.01 to 0.28%]). INTERPRETATION In a study of patients with atherosclerotic disease with 4 years of follow-up, only severe or bilateral carotid stenosis, and not moderate carotid stenosis and increased CIMT, were associated with progression of brain atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majon Muller
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam
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MacIntosh BJ, Sideso E, Donahue MJ, Chappell MA, Günther M, Handa A, Kennedy J, Jezzard P. Intracranial Hemodynamics Is Altered by Carotid Artery Disease and After Endarterectomy. Stroke 2011; 42:979-84. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.110.590786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has become a routine procedure to treat symptomatic carotid artery disease and reduce the risk of recurrent cerebral ischemic events. The purpose of this study was to use an arterial spin labeling dynamic magnetic resonance angiography technique to characterize intracranial hemodynamics before and after CEA.
Methods—
Thirty-seven carotid artery disease patients participated in this study, of whom 24 underwent magnetic resonance imaging before and after CEA. Seventeen control subjects spanning 5 decades underwent magnetic resonance imaging to assess age-related changes. Hemodynamic metrics (that is, relative time to peak and amplitude) were calculated with a γ-variate model. Linear regression was used to relate carotid artery disease burden to downstream hemodynamics in the circle of Willis.
Results—
Relative time to peak increased with age in controls (
P
<0.020). For patients, relative time to peak was positively correlated with percent stenosis (
P
<0.050), independent of age. At 1 day after CEA, the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to the CEA showed significant dynamic magnetic resonance angiography changes: relative time to peak decreased (
P
<0.017) and the flow amplitude increased (
P
<0.009). No pre- versus post-CEA changes were significant in the contralateral middle cerebral artery or posterior segments.
Conclusions—
This noninvasive, arterial spin labeling–based method produced time-resolved images that were used to characterize intracranial arterial flow associated with aging, extracranial carotid artery disease, and CEA. Results demonstrate that the technique has the sensitivity to detect hemodynamic changes after CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. MacIntosh
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Ediri Sideso
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Manus J. Donahue
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Michael A. Chappell
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Matthias Günther
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Ashok Handa
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - James Kennedy
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
| | - Peter Jezzard
- From the Department of Clinical Neurology (B.J.M., M.J.D., M.A.C., P.J.), FMRIB Centre, Oxfordshire, England; Nuffield Department of Surgery (E.S., A.H.) and Acute Stroke Programme (E.S., J.K.), Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England; Department of Medical Biophysics (B.J.M.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, and Mediri GmbH,
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Hartkamp NS, Bokkers RPH, van der Worp HB, van Osch MJP, Kappelle LJ, Hendrikse J. Distribution of cerebral blood flow in the caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus and thalamus in patients with carotid artery stenosis. Eur Radiol 2011; 21:875-81. [PMID: 20853001 PMCID: PMC3047207 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-010-1952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 08/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis on the distribution of blood flow to the caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus. METHODS We studied 18 healthy control subjects, 20 patients with a unilateral asymptomatic ICA stenosis, and 15 patients with a recently symptomatic unilateral ICA stenosis. The contribution of the ICAs and the basilar artery to the perfusion of the deep brain structures was assessed by perfusion territory selective arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI. Differences were tested with a two-tailed Fishers' exact test. RESULTS The caudate nucleus was predominantly supplied with blood by the ipsilateral ICA in all groups. In 4 of the 15 (27%) the symptomatic patients, the caudate nucleus partially received blood from the contralateral ICA, compared to none of the 18 healthy control subjects (p = 0.03). The lentiform nucleus and the thalamus were predominantly supplied with blood by the ipsilateral ICA and basilar artery respectively in all groups. CONCLUSION In patients with a symptomatic ICA stenosis, the caudate nucleus may be supplied with blood by the contralateral ICA more often than in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan S Hartkamp
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Dorn F, Liebig T, Muenzel D, Meier R, Poppert H, Rummeny EJ, Huber A. Order of CT stroke protocol (CTA before or after CTP): impact on image quality. Neuroradiology 2011; 54:105-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00234-011-0840-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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