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Abstract
SummaryA case of pigment variant of Kufs’ disease is presented. The nature of the extra-neuronal pigment is discussed. Despite some of the histochemical discrepancies that existed between this pigment and the material that had accumulated in the nerve cells, they seemed to he ultrastructurally related. The hepatocytes contained numerous heterogeneous cytosomes, some of which resembled the storage material of Niemann-Pick’s disease.Clinically the syndrome may present with progressive ataxia, spontaneous and reflex, coarse myoclonic jerks and eventual mental deterioration as well as epilepsy and muscle wasting. The pigment variant cannot be distinguished from Kufs’ disease except pathologically.
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Vadlamudi L, Westmoreland BF, Klass DW, Parisi JE. Electroencephalographic findings in Kufs disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 114:1738-43. [PMID: 12948804 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the electroencephalographic (EEG) findings in patients with Kufs disease, the adult autosomal recessive form of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. METHODS We reviewed the EEG findings in 5 patients with biopsy-proven Kufs disease from our institution and 14 case reports of Kufs disease in the literature. The criteria used for patient inclusion were clinical evidence of a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, biopsy-proven evidence of Kufs disease, and EEG recordings during the course of the illness. RESULTS One patient had phenotype A with generalized atypical spike and slow wave complexes and marked photoparoxysmal responses, particularly at low flash frequencies. Three patients had phenotype B with generalized slowing. One patient in the miscellaneous category showed focal sharp and spike waves and quasi-periodic slow waves maximal over anterior regions of the head. Review of the literature identified 14 case reports that met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS The inheritance, mechanism, and manifestations of Kufs disease are not well understood. EEG findings may guide clinicians toward a confirmatory pathological diagnosis and distinguish various phenotypes of this disorder. SIGNIFICANCE The EEG may assist in the diagnosis of Kufs disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Vadlamudi
- Section of Electroencephalography, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Naqvi SZ, Beach RL, Armao DM, Greenwood RS. Photoparoxysmal response in late infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. Pediatr Neurol 1998; 19:395-8. [PMID: 9880149 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-8994(98)00091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A patient presented with rapid developmental regression whose MRI findings suggested a leukodystrophy, but nerve, muscle, skin, and bone marrow biopsies were unrevealing. A characteristic photoparoxysmal response on electroencephalogram provided an important clue for the correct diagnosis of late infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis, which was confirmed later with electron microscope examination of a brain biopsy. In patients with rapid neurologic deterioration, diagnosis of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis should be considered and an electroencephalogram should be performed using photic stimulation to look for characteristic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Naqvi
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7025, USA
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Constantinidis J, Wisniewski KE, Wisniewski TM. The adult and a new late adult forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Acta Neuropathol 1992; 83:461-8. [PMID: 1621503 DOI: 10.1007/bf00310021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Three cases of the late adult form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) are reported. Two of these are siblings with a late clinical onset at ages 26 and 44 years. The third case, sporadic, has the oldest reported age for the onset of NCL, at 63 years and may be regarded as the first example of the "presenile" form of NCL. The clinical, morphological, histochemical, ultrastructural and genetic features of these three cases are discussed. The literature of the clinicopathological NCL cases with an onset at age of 25 and older is reviewed. The clinical and morphological differences between the late adult form and the presenile form of NCL as well as the difficulties in making the diagnosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Constantinidis
- Geneva University, Research Department of Morphological Psychopathology, Switzerland
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Barthez-Carpentier MA, Billard C, Maheut J, Santini JJ, Ruchoux MM. A case of childhood Kufs' disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991; 54:655-7. [PMID: 1654398 PMCID: PMC1014446 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.54.7.655-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Dowson JH. Neuronal lipopigment: a marker for cognitive impairment and long-term effects of psychotropic drugs. Br J Psychiatry 1989; 155:1-11. [PMID: 2690998 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.155.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipopigment, identifiable in the fluorescence microscope, is thought to be cellular debris partly derived from free-radical-induced peroxidation of cellular constituents. The volume of neuronal lipopigment has been positively correlated with advancing age, Alzheimer dementia, and the neuronal ceroidoses, while various changes in neuronal lipopigment have been reported in association with the chronic administration of dihydroergotoxine, ethanol, phenytoin, centrophenoxine, and chlorpromazine. An increase in the volume of neuronal lipopigment may indicate increased functional activity of the cell, impaired removal of pigment or anoxia. Chronic administration of agents which can be correlated with decreased neuronal lipopigment in animal models might protect neuronal function against any adverse effects associated with (but not necessarily resulting from) lipopigment accumulation in normal ageing, anoxia, or certain degenerative diseases. Long-term studies of the prophylactic use of such agents, or of drugs which neutralise free radicals, may be indicated. Other clinical applications of such drugs may include protection against the effects of free radicals formed during periods of oxygen deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Dowson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Addenbrooke's Hospital
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Arai N, Honda Y, Amano N, Yagishita S, Misugi K. Foamy spheroid bodies in the substantia nigra. Report of an unusual case with recurrent attacks of peculiar twilight state. J Neurol 1988; 235:330-4. [PMID: 2845005 DOI: 10.1007/bf00314227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An unusual case of recurrent attacks of peculiar twilight state persisting for 41 years is the subject of this clinicopathological report. During the attacks the patient had depersonalization, showing a stiff face, and the electroencephalogram showed constant 5 Hz diffuse theta waves. The unique and characteristic neuropathological finding were many foamy spheroid bodies (FSB) in the substantia nigra which sometimes contained varying numbers of fine or coarse eosinophilic granules. Ultrastructurally, the FSB contained various small electron-dense granules and/or membranous structures quite different from so-called spheroids (axonal swellings). Bodian staining demonstrated that some FSB were situated within the bundles of the neuronal processes, suggesting that the FSB has originated from the degeneration of the axon and/or dendrites in the substantia nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arai
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
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9
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Berkovic SF, Andermann F, Carpenter S, Wolfe LS. Progressive myoclonus epilepsies: specific causes and diagnosis. N Engl J Med 1986; 315:296-305. [PMID: 3088452 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198607313150506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lu CS, Thompson PD, Quinn NP, Parkes JD, Marsden CD. Ramsay Hunt syndrome and coeliac disease: a new association? Mov Disord 1986; 1:209-19. [PMID: 3504245 DOI: 10.1002/mds.870010306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two patients with the syndrome of Ramsay Hunt (dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica, DCM), associated with malabsorption due to adult coeliac disease, are reported. Both presented with progressive cerebellar ataxia, action myoclonus, and epilepsy. One had gastrointestinal symptoms (recurrent diarrhea and weight loss which responded satisfactorily to a gluten-free diet), but the other did not. In both patients, jejunal biopsy revealed subtotal villous atrophy; serum folate and vitamin E level were also reduced. Neither a gluten-free diet nor vitamin supplements improved the neurological picture. However, some symptomatic relief was afforded by treatment with clonazepam, sodium valproate, carbamazepine, and piracetam. It could be argued that the association between these two disorders is coincidental. However, since we have found this combination in 2 of 14 consecutive cases with DCM, a causal relationship seems likely, although the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Patients with the Ramsay Hunt syndrome should be investigated for malabsorption, and also undergo small intestinal biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Lu
- University Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital Medical School, London, England
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Jasty V, Jamison JR, Hartnagel RE. Three types of cytoplasmic granules in cardiac muscle cells of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Pathol 1984; 21:505-8. [PMID: 6207657 DOI: 10.1177/030098588402100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ceroid, lipofuscin, and hyaline-type intracytoplasmic granules found in cardiac muscle cells of cynomolgus monkeys were studied using histologic, histochemical, and fluorescent microscopic techniques. The studies indicated that the ceroid granules contained an insoluble lipid as well as a component that was stainable with Luxol fast blue and Mallory's phloxine stain for hyaline. Lipofuscin granules had staining reactions characteristic of the classical age-related pigment. Hyaline granules were devoid of lipid component and were distinctly different from either ceroid or lipofuscin. All three types of granules were located at the poles of cardiac muscle cell nuclei.
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12
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Dowson JH. Autofluorescence emission spectra of neuronal lipopigment in a case of adult-onset ceroidosis (Kufs' disease). Acta Neuropathol 1983; 59:241-5. [PMID: 6868957 DOI: 10.1007/bf00691488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The study reports characteristics of the autofluorescence emission spectra from abnormal accumulations of intraneuronal lipopigment in a case of adult-onset neuronal ceroidosis (Kufs' disease). These are compared with emission spectra from 14 non-diseased brains, and from cases of childhood-onset neuronal ceroidoses (Batten's disease) and animal ceroidoses which have been previously reported. The emission spectra derived from the case of Kufs' disease could be distinguished from the spectra from the non-diseased brains and from the cases of Batten's disease and animal ceroidoses. The characteristics of an emission spectrum probably reflect the composition of the lipopigment, and spectral analysis may aid the identification of different pathogenic mechanisms which underly the various types of neuronal ceroidosis.
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Nadkarni S, Deshpande DH, Mondkar VP, Bharucha EP. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: clinical and histochemical observations in 2 cases. J Neurol Sci 1979; 43:395-404. [PMID: 521834 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(79)90018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis are presented with detailed accounts of the clinical, histopathological and histochemical changes in the brain. In one of them, neurochemical analysis of the brain was found to be essentially normal. Despite the pathological and histochemical similarity in these two cases, the clinical forms were quite distinct. The clinical patterns are attributed to differences in the topography of neuronal involvement. The pathogenesis of this extremely rare form of neurolipidosis is discussed with reference to recent literature.
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Derakhshan I, Lotfi J, Abbsssioun K. Degenerative progressive myoclonic epilepsy electrokymographic observations. Neurol Sci 1979; 6:65-8. [PMID: 122541 DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100119390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and pathological findings in two cases of degenerative progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) are described. The clinically difficult task of differentiating a "cerebellar" tremor from an action myoclonus is emphasized. Simultaneous electroencephalography and electrokymography was done, using capacity to ground transients for recording hand movements. This method was found useful in corroborating the cerebellar nature of the remaining disorder, after successful treatment of the myoclonic element with anticonvulsants.
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Abstract
Intraneuronal accumulation of cytosomes with the fluorescent and tinctorial properties of ceroidlipofuscin occurred in the C.N.S. of a fully matured dog with signs of slowly progressive cerebellar disease. Ultrastructural study revealed various membrane-bound inclusions in addition to typical lipofuscin granules. The clinicopathologic findings in this case were contrasted with those occurring in English Setters with juvenile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis, and compared with those reported in Kufs' disease in man.
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Parry HB, Livett BG. Neurophysin in the brain and pituitary gland of normal and scrapie-affected sheep--II. Its occurrence in the cerebellum in dystrophic axon terminals with lysosome-lipofuscin accumulation: a possible anomaly of neuronal sulphur-protein metabolism. Neuroscience 1977; 2:53-72. [PMID: 72365 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(77)90068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Brodner RA, Noh JM, Fine EJ. A dominant form of adult neuronal ceroidlipofuscinosis (Kufs' disease) with an associated occipital astrocytoma: early diagnosis by cortical biopsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1976; 39:231-8. [PMID: 932739 PMCID: PMC492260 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.39.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A patient with a dominantly inherited form of Kuf's disease and an associated occipital astrocytoma is presented. This is the first reported case in which the diagnosis of Kufs' disease was made by a cortical biopsy several years before its expected clinical onset. The nosology of this disease, and its clinical, genetic, and histopathological characteristics are discussed. The establishment of an early diagnosis by cortical biopsy and its implications are considered.
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Towfighi J, Grover W, Gonatas NK. Mental retardation, hypotonia, and generalized seizures associated with astrocytic "residual" bodies. An ultrastructural study. Hum Pathol 1975; 6:667-80. [PMID: 1183992 DOI: 10.1016/s0046-8177(75)80076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two siblings suffering since birth from convulsions, hypotonia, and mental retardation are presented. In the older sibling (eight and one-half years of age) frontal lobe biopsy revealed abnormal cytosomes with lamellar profiles in astrocytes, macrophages, and to a lesser degree in neurons. Similar cytosomes have not yet been reported in cases of sphingolipidoses or in late infantile-juvenile amaurotic idiocy. These cytosomes stained intensely with silver proteinate, an ultrastructural cytochemical stain for carbohydrate moieties. In contrast, lipofuscin did not stain with silver proteinate. Multilamellar (crescentic curvilinear) cytosomes from a reported case of late infantile amaurotic idocy (Batten-Vogt-Spielmeyer disease) did not stain with silver proteinate. Abnormal cytosomes were not found in blood cells, liver, and peripheral nerve. In the younger sibling (14 months old) postmortem ultrastructural studies of cerebral tissue showed very few abnormal cytosomes. On the basis of the clinical and ultrastructural findings, we conclude that these two cases can be distinguished from those with multilamellar (crescentic-curvilinear) inclusions and from cases of the so-called "neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis" syndrome.
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Abstract
A 39 year old Jewish male with a 22 year history of progressive myoclonic epilepsy was found to have Gaucher cells in his sternal bone marrow. The diagnosis of Gaucher's disease was confirmed by the demonstration of beta-glucosidase deficiency in fibroblasts. Although neurological involvement is extremely rare in adults with Gaucher's disease, this disease is another lipidosis which should be considered in patients with progressive myoclonic epilepsy.
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Duckett S, White R. Cerebral lipofucsinosis induced with tellurium: electron dispersive X-ray spectrophotometry analysis. Brain Res 1974; 73:205-14. [PMID: 4831082 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(74)91044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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De Souza Queiroz L, Da Cruz Neto JN, Lopes de Faria J. Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis, a type of amaurotic family idiocy. Clinical and pathological study of four cases. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 1974; 32:1-14. [PMID: 4828557 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1974000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a recent term, proposed for acurate designation of the late-onset types of Amaurotic Family Idiocy (AFI). Histopathology shows ubiquitous intraneuronal accumulation of lipopigments, being the most important factor for characterization of the entity at present time. Biochemical changes and pathogenesis are obscure. NCL is in contrast to the infantile type of AFI (Tay-Sachs disease), in which intraneuronal accumulation of gangliosides (sphingolipids) is due to the well known deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme. The authors report on four cases of NCL, two brothers of the late infantile (Jansky-Bielschowsky) type and a brother and a sister of the juvenile (Spielmeyer-Sjögren) type. One autopsy and three cortical biopsies revealed moderate to severe distention of the neurons by lipopigment, with nerve cell loss, gliosis and cerebral atrophy. Lipopigment was also increased in liver, heart and spleen. The patients were the first in Brazilian literature in whom the storage material was identified as lipopigment by histochemical methods. A brief summary of the clinical features of NCL is presented, and relevant problems are discussed, concerning interpretation of the nature of the storage material, and significance of the disease for gerontological research.
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Ebhardt G, Cervós-Navarro J, Bürgel P. [Clinical and ultrastructural observations in a case of juvenile amaurotic idiocy with protracted course (author's transl)]. ARCHIV FUR PSYCHIATRIE UND NERVENKRANKHEITEN 1973; 218:79-91. [PMID: 4358772 DOI: 10.1007/bf00347090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jakob H, Kolkmann FW. [Pigment variant of the adult type of amaurotic idiocy (Kufs) (author's transl)]. Acta Neuropathol 1973; 26:225-36. [PMID: 4769152 DOI: 10.1007/bf00684432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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25
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Cawley EP, Hsu YT, Sturgill BC, Harman LE. Lipofuscin ("wear and tear pigment") in human sweat glands. J Invest Dermatol 1973; 61:105-7. [PMID: 4125553 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12675428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Carpenter S, Karpati G, Wolfe LS, Andermann F. A type of juvenile cerebromacular degeneration characterized by granular osmiophilic deposits. J Neurol Sci 1973; 18:67-87. [PMID: 4120484 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(73)90021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Towfighi J, Baird HW, Gambetti P, Gonatas NK. The significance of cytoplasmic inclusions in late infantile and juvenile amaurotic idiocy. An ultrastructural study. Acta Neuropathol 1973; 23:32-42. [PMID: 4349084 DOI: 10.1007/bf00689002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Brunk U, Brun A. The effect of aging on lysosomal permeability in nerve cells of the central nervous system. An enzyme histochemical study in rat. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1972; 30:315-24. [PMID: 5076749 DOI: 10.1007/bf00279780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Spalke G, Iizuka R, Spalke B. [Late onset of amaurotic idiocy (Kufs) with visceral involvement simulating the clinical symptoms of presenile dementia. Clinico-pathological observation]. ARCHIV FUR PSYCHIATRIE UND NERVENKRANKHEITEN 1972; 216:409-23. [PMID: 4656951 DOI: 10.1007/bf00355309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kormendy CG, Bender AD. Experimental modification of the chemistry and biology of the aging process. J Pharm Sci 1971; 60:167-80. [PMID: 4995414 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600600202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Braak H. �ber das Neurolipofuscin in der unteren Olive und dem Nucleus dentatus cerebelli im Gehirn des Menschen. Cell Tissue Res 1971. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00560161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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