1
|
Nasimi Shad A, Fanoodi A, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Bina AR, Saburi E, Forouzanfar F, Moghbeli M. Role of microRNAs in tumor progression by regulation of kinesin motor proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132347. [PMID: 38754673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant cell proliferation is one of the main characteristics of tumor cells that can be affected by many cellular processes and signaling pathways. Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are motor proteins that are involved in cytoplasmic transportations and chromosomal segregation during cell proliferation. Therefore, regulation of the KIF functions as vital factors in chromosomal stability is necessary to maintain normal cellular homeostasis and proliferation. KIF deregulations have been reported in various cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and signaling pathways are important regulators of KIF proteins. MiRNAs have key roles in regulation of the cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in tumor biology through the regulation of KIF proteins. It has been shown that miRNAs have mainly a tumor suppressor function via the KIF targeting. This review can be an effective step to introduce the miRNAs/KIFs axis as a probable therapeutic target in tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arya Nasimi Shad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Fanoodi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Bina
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laporte D, Massoni-Laporte A, Lefranc C, Dompierre J, Mauboules D, Nsamba ET, Royou A, Gal L, Schuldiner M, Gupta ML, Sagot I. A stable microtubule bundle formed through an orchestrated multistep process controls quiescence exit. eLife 2024; 12:RP89958. [PMID: 38527106 PMCID: PMC10963028 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells fine-tune microtubule assembly in both space and time to give rise to distinct edifices with specific cellular functions. In proliferating cells, microtubules are highly dynamics, and proliferation cessation often leads to their stabilization. One of the most stable microtubule structures identified to date is the nuclear bundle assembled in quiescent yeast. In this article, we characterize the original multistep process driving the assembly of this structure. This Aurora B-dependent mechanism follows a precise temporality that relies on the sequential actions of kinesin-14, kinesin-5, and involves both microtubule-kinetochore and kinetochore-kinetochore interactions. Upon quiescence exit, the microtubule bundle is disassembled via a cooperative process involving kinesin-8 and its full disassembly is required prior to cells re-entry into proliferation. Overall, our study provides the first description, at the molecular scale, of the entire life cycle of a stable microtubule structure in vivo and sheds light on its physiological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel T Nsamba
- Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State UniversityAmesUnited States
| | - Anne Royou
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095BordeauxFrance
| | - Lihi Gal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Mohan L Gupta
- Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State UniversityAmesUnited States
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rai D, Song Y, Hua S, Stecker K, Monster JL, Yin V, Stucchi R, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Chen F, Katrukha EA, Altelaar M, Heck AJR, Wieczorek M, Jiang K, Akhmanova A. CAMSAPs and nucleation-promoting factors control microtubule release from γ-TuRC. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:404-420. [PMID: 38424271 PMCID: PMC10940162 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
γ-Tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) is the major microtubule-nucleating factor. After nucleation, microtubules can be released from γ-TuRC and stabilized by other proteins, such as CAMSAPs, but the biochemical cross-talk between minus-end regulation pathways is poorly understood. Here we reconstituted this process in vitro using purified components. We found that all CAMSAPs could bind to the minus ends of γ-TuRC-attached microtubules. CAMSAP2 and CAMSAP3, which decorate and stabilize growing minus ends but not the minus-end tracking protein CAMSAP1, induced microtubule release from γ-TuRC. CDK5RAP2, a γ-TuRC-interactor, and CLASP2, a regulator of microtubule growth, strongly stimulated γ-TuRC-dependent microtubule nucleation, but only CDK5RAP2 suppressed CAMSAP binding to γ-TuRC-anchored minus ends and their release. CDK5RAP2 also improved selectivity of γ-tubulin-containing complexes for 13- rather than 14-protofilament microtubules in microtubule-capping assays. Knockout and overexpression experiments in cells showed that CDK5RAP2 inhibits the formation of CAMSAP2-bound microtubules detached from the microtubule-organizing centre. We conclude that CAMSAPs can release newly nucleated microtubules from γ-TuRC, whereas nucleation-promoting factors can differentially regulate this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Rai
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yinlong Song
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shasha Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kelly Stecker
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jooske L Monster
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Victor Yin
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Stucchi
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangrui Chen
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eugene A Katrukha
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michal Wieczorek
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Flinois A, Méan I, Mutero-Maeda A, Guillemot L, Citi S. Paracingulin recruits CAMSAP3 to tight junctions and regulates microtubule and polarized epithelial cell organization. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs260745. [PMID: 37013686 PMCID: PMC10184829 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracingulin (CGNL1) is recruited to tight junctions (TJs) by ZO-1 and to adherens junctions (AJs) by PLEKHA7. PLEKHA7 has been reported to bind to the microtubule minus-end-binding protein CAMSAP3, to tether microtubules to the AJs. Here, we show that knockout (KO) of CGNL1, but not of PLEKHA7, results in the loss of junctional CAMSAP3 and its redistribution into a cytoplasmic pool both in cultured epithelial cells in vitro and mouse intestinal epithelium in vivo. In agreement, GST pulldown analyses show that CGNL1, but not PLEKHA7, interacts strongly with CAMSAP3, and the interaction is mediated by their respective coiled-coil regions. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy shows that CAMSAP3-capped microtubules are tethered to junctions by the ZO-1-associated pool of CGNL1. The KO of CGNL1 results in disorganized cytoplasmic microtubules and irregular nuclei alignment in mouse intestinal epithelial cells, altered cyst morphogenesis in cultured kidney epithelial cells, and disrupted planar apical microtubules in mammary epithelial cells. Together, these results uncover new functions of CGNL1 in recruiting CAMSAP3 to junctions and regulating microtubule cytoskeleton organization and epithelial cell architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Flinois
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Méan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Annick Mutero-Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Guillemot
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Citi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tran NV, Montanari MP, Gui J, Lubenets D, Fischbach LL, Antson H, Huang Y, Brutus E, Okada Y, Ishimoto Y, Tõnissoo T, Shimmi O. Programmed disassembly of a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network coordinates 3D epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila. EMBO J 2024; 43:568-594. [PMID: 38263333 PMCID: PMC10897427 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-023-00025-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive analysis of cellular dynamics during the process of morphogenesis is fundamental to understanding the principles of animal development. Despite recent advancements in light microscopy, how successive cell shape changes lead to complex three-dimensional tissue morphogenesis is still largely unresolved. Using in vivo live imaging of Drosophila wing development, we have studied unique cellular structures comprising a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network. This network, which we name here the Interplanar Amida Network (IPAN), links the two wing epithelium leaflets. Initially, the IPAN sustains cell-cell contacts between the two layers of the wing epithelium through basal protrusions. Subsequent disassembly of the IPAN involves loss of these contacts, with concomitant degeneration of aligned microtubules. These processes are both autonomously and non-autonomously required for mitosis, leading to coordinated tissue proliferation between two wing epithelia. Our findings further reveal that a microtubule organization switch from non-centrosomal to centrosomal microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) at the G2/M transition leads to disassembly of non-centrosomal microtubule-derived IPAN protrusions. These findings exemplify how cell shape change-mediated loss of inter-tissue contacts results in 3D tissue morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Vi Tran
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martti P Montanari
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jinghua Gui
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dmitri Lubenets
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Hanna Antson
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yunxian Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erich Brutus
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Osaka, Japan
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Ishimoto
- Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 015-0055, Japan
| | - Tambet Tõnissoo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Osamu Shimmi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia.
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leung TCN, Lu SN, Chu CN, Lee J, Liu X, Ngai SM. Temporal Quantitative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Profiling of SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 Neuroblastoma Cells during All- Trans-Retinoic Acid-Induced Neuronal Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1047. [PMID: 38256121 PMCID: PMC10816102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The human neuroblastoma cell lines SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 can be differentiated into neuron-like phenotypes through treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). After differentiation, these cell lines are extensively utilized as in vitro models to study various aspects of neuronal cell biology. However, temporal and quantitative profiling of the proteome and phosphoproteome of SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells throughout ATRA-induced differentiation has been limited. Here, we performed relative quantification of the proteomes and phosphoproteomes of SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells at multiple time points during ATRA-induced differentiation. Relative quantification of proteins and phosphopeptides with subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed that several biological processes, including cytoskeleton organization, cell division, chaperone function and protein folding, and one-carbon metabolism, were associated with ATRA-induced differentiation in both cell lines. Furthermore, kinase-substrate enrichment analysis predicted altered activities of several kinases during differentiation. Among these, CDK5 exhibited increased activity, while CDK2 displayed reduced activity. The data presented serve as a valuable resource for investigating temporal protein and phosphoprotein abundance changes in SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells during ATRA-induced differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. N. Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Scott Ninghai Lu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.N.L.); (C.N.C.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Cheuk Ning Chu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.N.L.); (C.N.C.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Joy Lee
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.N.L.); (C.N.C.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xingyu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.N.L.); (C.N.C.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Sai Ming Ngai
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (S.N.L.); (C.N.C.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
- AoE Centre for Genomic Studies on Plant-Environment Interaction for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pimenta-Marques A, Perestrelo T, Reis-Rodrigues P, Duarte P, Ferreira-Silva A, Lince-Faria M, Bettencourt-Dias M. Ana1/CEP295 is an essential player in the centrosome maintenance program regulated by Polo kinase and the PCM. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:102-127. [PMID: 38200359 PMCID: PMC10897187 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are part of centrosomes and cilia, which are microtubule organising centres (MTOC) with diverse functions. Despite their stability, centrioles can disappear during differentiation, such as in oocytes, but little is known about the regulation of their structural integrity. Our previous research revealed that the pericentriolar material (PCM) that surrounds centrioles and its recruiter, Polo kinase, are downregulated in oogenesis and sufficient for maintaining both centrosome structural integrity and MTOC activity. We now show that the expression of specific components of the centriole cartwheel and wall, including ANA1/CEP295, is essential for maintaining centrosome integrity. We find that Polo kinase requires ANA1 to promote centriole stability in cultured cells and eggs. In addition, ANA1 expression prevents the loss of centrioles observed upon PCM-downregulation. However, the centrioles maintained by overexpressing and tethering ANA1 are inactive, unlike the MTOCs observed upon tethering Polo kinase. These findings demonstrate that several centriole components are needed to maintain centrosome structure. Our study also highlights that centrioles are more dynamic than previously believed, with their structural stability relying on the continuous expression of multiple components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pimenta-Marques
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal.
- iNOVA4Health | NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Tania Perestrelo
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Patricia Reis-Rodrigues
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Paulo Duarte
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira-Silva
- iNOVA4Health | NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Lince-Faria
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kalbfuss N, Berger A, Gönczy P. Mapping of centriolar proteins onto the post-embryonic lineage of C. elegans. Dev Biol 2023; 502:68-76. [PMID: 37414202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Centrioles, together with the surrounding peri-centriolar material (PCM), constitute the centrosome, a major microtubule-organizing center of animal cells. Despite being critical in many cells for signaling, motility and division, centrioles can be eliminated in some systems, including in the vast majority of differentiating cells during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Whether the cells retaining centrioles in the resulting L1 larvae do so because they lack an activity that eliminates centrioles in the other cells is not known. Moreover, the extent to which centrioles and PCM remain present in later stages of worm development, when all cells but those of the germ line are terminally differentiated, is not known. Here, by fusing cells that lack centrioles with cells that retain them, we established that L1 larvae do not possess a diffusible elimination activity sufficient to remove centrioles. Moreover, analyzing PCM core proteins in L1 larval cells that retain centrioles, we found that some such proteins, but not all, are present as well. Furthermore, we uncovered that foci of centriolar proteins remain present in specific terminally differentiated cells of adult hermaphrodites and males, in particular in the somatic gonad. Correlating the time at which cells were born with the fate of their centrioles revealed that it is not cell age, but instead cell fate, that determines whether and when centrioles are eliminated. Overall, our work maps the localization of centriolar and PCM core proteins in the post-embryonic C. elegans lineage, thereby providing an essential blueprint for uncovering mechanisms modulating their presence and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Kalbfuss
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Antonin Berger
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Gönczy
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Höpfler M, Absmeier E, Peak-Chew SY, Vartholomaiou E, Passmore LA, Gasic I, Hegde RS. Mechanism of ribosome-associated mRNA degradation during tubulin autoregulation. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2290-2302.e13. [PMID: 37295431 PMCID: PMC10403363 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules play crucial roles in cellular architecture, intracellular transport, and mitosis. The availability of free tubulin subunits affects polymerization dynamics and microtubule function. When cells sense excess free tubulin, they trigger degradation of the encoding mRNAs, which requires recognition of the nascent polypeptide by the tubulin-specific ribosome-binding factor TTC5. How TTC5 initiates the decay of tubulin mRNAs is unknown. Here, our biochemical and structural analysis reveals that TTC5 recruits the poorly studied protein SCAPER to the ribosome. SCAPER, in turn, engages the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex through its CNOT11 subunit to trigger tubulin mRNA decay. SCAPER mutants that cause intellectual disability and retinitis pigmentosa in humans are impaired in CCR4-NOT recruitment, tubulin mRNA degradation, and microtubule-dependent chromosome segregation. Our findings demonstrate how recognition of a nascent polypeptide on the ribosome is physically linked to mRNA decay factors via a relay of protein-protein interactions, providing a paradigm for specificity in cytoplasmic gene regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Höpfler
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Eva Absmeier
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Sew-Yeu Peak-Chew
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | | - Lori A Passmore
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ivana Gasic
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ramanujan S Hegde
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou P, Yang G, Xie W. Organization of cortical microtubules in differentiated cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1141-1147. [PMID: 36960617 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule cytoskeleton plays a critical role in a variety of cellular activities, and its structures and functions have been extensively studied. However, little is known about cell differentiation-related microtubule remodeling, its regulatory mechanisms, and its physiological functions. Recent studies have shown that microtubule-binding proteins as well as cell junctions, such as desmosomes and adherens junctions, are involved in the remodeling of microtubules in response to cell differentiation. In addition, the microtubule-organizing activity and structural integrity of centrosomes undergo dramatic changes during cell differentiation to promote microtubule remodeling. Here we summarize recent advances revealing the dynamic changes in microtubule organization and functions during cell differentiation. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying microtubule modeling in differentiated cells, focusing on the key roles played by microtubule-binding proteins, cell junctions, and centrosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guan C, Hua S, Jiang K. The CEP170B-KIF2A complex destabilizes microtubule minus ends to generate polarized microtubule network. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112953. [PMID: 37014312 PMCID: PMC10233374 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule (MT) minus ends are stabilized by CAMSAP family proteins at noncentrosomal MT-organizing centers. Despite progress in identifying diverse positive regulators, knowledge on the negative regulation of the MT minus-end distribution is lacking. Here, we identify CEP170B as a MT minus-end-binding protein that colocalizes with the microtubule-stabilizing complex at the cortical patches. CEP170B depends on the scaffold protein liprin-α1 for its cortical targeting and requires liprin-α1-bound PP2A phosphatase for its MT localization. CEP170B excludes CAMSAPs-stabilized MT minus ends from the cell periphery in HeLa cells and the basal cortex in human epithelial cells and is required for directional vesicle trafficking and cyst formation in 3D culture. Reconstitution experiments demonstrate that CEP170B autonomously tracks growing MT minus ends and blocks minus-end growth. Furthermore, CEP170B in a complex with the kinesin KIF2A acts as a potent MT minus-end depolymerase capable of antagonizing the stabilizing effect of CAMSAPs. Our study uncovers an antagonistic mechanism for controlling the spatial distribution of MT minus ends, which contributes to the establishment of polarized MT network and cell polarity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuirong Guan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shasha Hua
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kai Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Atmakuru PS, Dhawan J. The cilium-centrosome axis in coupling cell cycle exit and cell fate. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:308872. [PMID: 37144419 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is an evolutionarily conserved, ancient organelle whose role in cell division was first described over a century ago. The structure and function of the centrosome as a microtubule-organizing center, and of its extracellular extension - the primary cilium - as a sensory antenna, have since been extensively studied, but the role of the cilium-centrosome axis in cell fate is still emerging. In this Opinion piece, we view cellular quiescence and tissue homeostasis from the vantage point of the cilium-centrosome axis. We focus on a less explored role in the choice between distinct forms of mitotic arrest - reversible quiescence and terminal differentiation, which play distinct roles in tissue homeostasis. We outline evidence implicating the centrosome-basal body switch in stem cell function, including how the cilium-centrosome complex regulates reversible versus irreversible arrest in adult skeletal muscle progenitors. We then highlight exciting new findings in other quiescent cell types that suggest signal-dependent coupling of nuclear and cytoplasmic events to the centrosome-basal body switch. Finally, we propose a framework for involvement of this axis in mitotically inactive cells and identify future avenues for understanding how the cilium-centrosome axis impacts central decisions in tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priti S Atmakuru
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jyotsna Dhawan
- CSIR Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chun YW, Miyamoto M, Williams CH, Neitzel LR, Silver-Isenstadt M, Cadar AG, Fuller DT, Fong DC, Liu H, Lease R, Kim S, Katagiri M, Durbin MD, Wang KC, Feaster TK, Sheng CC, Neely MD, Sreenivasan U, Cortes-Gutierrez M, Finn AV, Schot R, Mancini GMS, Ament SA, Ess KC, Bowman AB, Han Z, Bichell DP, Su YR, Hong CC. Impaired Reorganization of Centrosome Structure Underlies Human Infantile Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2023; 147:1291-1303. [PMID: 36970983 PMCID: PMC10133173 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.060985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During cardiomyocyte maturation, the centrosome, which functions as a microtubule organizing center in cardiomyocytes, undergoes dramatic structural reorganization where its components reorganize from being localized at the centriole to the nuclear envelope. This developmentally programmed process, referred to as centrosome reduction, has been previously associated with cell cycle exit. However, understanding of how this process influences cardiomyocyte cell biology, and whether its disruption results in human cardiac disease, remains unknown. We studied this phenomenon in an infant with a rare case of infantile dilated cardiomyopathy (iDCM) who presented with left ventricular ejection fraction of 18% and disrupted sarcomere and mitochondria structure. METHODS We performed an analysis beginning with an infant who presented with a rare case of iDCM. We derived induced pluripotent stem cells from the patient to model iDCM in vitro. We performed whole exome sequencing on the patient and his parents for causal gene analysis. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout and correction in vitro were used to confirm whole exome sequencing results. Zebrafish and Drosophila models were used for in vivo validation of the causal gene. Matrigel mattress technology and single-cell RNA sequencing were used to characterize iDCM cardiomyocytes further. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout/correction identified RTTN, the gene encoding the centrosomal protein RTTN (rotatin), as the causal gene underlying the patient's condition, representing the first time a centrosome defect has been implicated in a nonsyndromic dilated cardiomyopathy. Genetic knockdowns in zebrafish and Drosophila confirmed an evolutionarily conserved requirement of RTTN for cardiac structure and function. Single-cell RNA sequencing of iDCM cardiomyocytes showed impaired maturation of iDCM cardiomyocytes, which underlie the observed cardiomyocyte structural and functional deficits. We also observed persistent localization of the centrosome at the centriole, contrasting with expected programmed perinuclear reorganization, which led to subsequent global microtubule network defects. In addition, we identified a small molecule that restored centrosome reorganization and improved the structure and contractility of iDCM cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate a case of human disease caused by a defect in centrosome reduction. We also uncovered a novel role for RTTN in perinatal cardiac development and identified a potential therapeutic strategy for centrosome-related iDCM. Future study aimed at identifying variants in centrosome components may uncover additional contributors to human cardiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Wook Chun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Matthew Miyamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Charles H. Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Leif R. Neitzel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Maya Silver-Isenstadt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Adrian G. Cadar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Daniela T. Fuller
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Daniel C. Fong
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Hanhan Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Robert Lease
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sungseek Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Mikako Katagiri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Matthew D. Durbin
- Division of Neonatology-Perinatology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 26202
| | - Kuo-Chen Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Tromondae K. Feaster
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Calvin C. Sheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - M. Diana Neely
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Urmila Sreenivasan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Marcia Cortes-Gutierrez
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aloke V. Finn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Rachel Schot
- Division of Neonatology-Perinatology, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 26202
| | - Grazia M. S. Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Seth A. Ament
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin C. Ess
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37201
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - Zhe Han
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - David P. Bichell
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Yan Ru Su
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37201
| | - Charles C. Hong
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cao F, Wang H, Lu N, Zhang P, Huang H. A Photoisomerizable Zinc (II) Complex Inhibits Microtubule Polymerization for Photoactive Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301344. [PMID: 36749111 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The photoisomerization-induced cytotoxicity in photopharmacology provides a unique pathway for phototherapy because it is independent of endogenous oxygen. In this study, we developed a biosafe photoisomerizable zinc(II) complex (Zn1), which releases its trans ligand (trans-L1) after being irradiated with blue light. This causes the complex to undergo photoisomerization and produce the toxic cis product (cis-L1) and generate singlet oxygen (1 O2 ). The resulting series of events caused impressive phototoxicity in hypoxic A431 skin cancer cells, as well as in a tumor model in vivo. Interestingly, Zn1 was able to inhibit tumor microtubule polymerization, while still showing good biocompatibility and biosafety in vivo. This photoisomerizable zinc(II) complex provides a novel strategy for addressing the oxygen-dependent limitation of traditional photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengshu Cao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Haobing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Nong Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science (Shenzhen), Shenzhen campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Krauss RS, Kann AP. Muscle stem cells get a new look: Dynamic cellular projections as sensors of the stem cell niche. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2200249. [PMID: 36916774 PMCID: PMC10170654 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellular mechanisms whereby quiescent stem cells sense tissue injury and transition to an activated state are largely unknown. Quiescent skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs, also called satellite cells) have elaborate, heterogeneous projections that rapidly retract in response to muscle injury. They may therefore act as direct sensors of their niche environment. Retraction is driven by a Rac-to-Rho GTPase activity switch that promotes downstream MuSC activation events. These and other observations lead to several hypotheses: (1) projections are morphologically dynamic at quiescence, providing a surveillance function for muscle damage; (2) quiescent projection dynamics are regulated by the relative balance of Rac and Rho activities promoted by niche-derived cues; (3) projections, particularly their associated filopodia, sense tissue damage via changes to the biomechanical properties of the niche and/or detection of signaling cues released by damaged myofibers; and (4) the dynamic nature of projections result in a population of MuSCs with heterogeneous functional properties. These concepts may extend to other types of quiescent stem cells, as well as prove useful in translational research settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Allison P Kann
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ren A, Wei W, Liang Z, Zhou M, Liang T, Zang N. Synthesis and bioactive evaluation of N-((1-methyl-1 H-indol-3-yl)methyl)- N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acetamide derivatives as agents for inhibiting tubulin polymerization. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:113-121. [PMID: 36760739 PMCID: PMC9890541 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00340f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the inhibitory effect of CA-4 analogues and indoles on tubulin polymerization, we designed and synthesized a series of N-((1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl or triazolyl)-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acetamides. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against HeLa, MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cell lines, and some of the target compounds demonstrated effective activities towards the three tumour cell lines. Among them, compound 7d exhibited the most potent activities against HeLa (IC50 = 0.52 μM), MCF-7 (IC50 = 0.34 μM) and HT-29 (IC50 = 0.86 μM). Mechanistic studies revealed that compound 7d induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, arrested the cells in the G2/M phase and inhibited polymerization of tubulin via a consistent way with colchicine. Therefore, 7d is a potential agent for the further development of tubulin polymerization inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aonan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Wanxing Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Zhengcheng Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Taoyuan Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Ning Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alpízar-Pedraza D, Veulens AN, Ginarte YMÁ, Piloto-Ferrer J, Sánchez-Lamar Á. Xanthatin and 8-epi-xanthatin as new potential colchicine binding site inhibitors: a computational study. J Mol Model 2023; 29:36. [PMID: 36627468 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05428-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Phytocompounds xanthatin and 8-epi-xanthatin, obtained from Xanthium chinese Mill, showed antitumoral activity in vitro related to the microtubules destabilizing properties of these phytocompounds. Five binding sites for microtubule destabilizing agents have been characterized on tubulin by high-resolution X-ray crystallography: vinca domain, colchicine, pironetin, maytansine site, and more recently, the seventh site. This work aims to develop a comprehensive computational strategy to understand and eventually predict the interaction between xanthatin and 8-epi-xanthatin with the destabilizing-antimitotic binding domain of the tubulin heterodimer. In addition, we propose a putative binding site for these phytocompounds into the microtubule destabilizing binding sites on the tubulin heterodimer. Xanthanolides showed higher stability in the colchicine and pironetin binding sites, whit a greater affinity for the former. In addition, we found that xanthanolides and non-classical colchicine binding site inhibitors share a high structural similarity. METHODS The 3D structures for xanthatin and 8-epi-xanthatin were obtained using DFT with the hybrid functional B3LYP and the base 6-31G (d,p), implemented in Gaussian 09. The 3D coordinates for tubulin proteins were downloaded from PDB. The complexes tubulin-xanthanolides were predicted using a Monte-Carlo iterated search combined with the BFGS gradient-based optimizer implemented in the AutoDock Vina. The xanthanolides-tubulin complexes were energy minimized by molecular dynamics simulations at vacuum, and their stabilities were evaluated by solvated molecular dynamics simulations during 100 ns. All molecular dynamics simulations were performed using the conjugate gradient method implemented in NAMD2 and CHARMM36 forcefield.
Collapse
|
18
|
Manjunathan J, Shyamalagowri S, Kamaraj M, Thyagarajan SP, Kaviyarasan V, Brindhadevi K. In vitro evaluation of growth reticence and anticancer potential of 5α,8α-epidioxy-24ᶓ-methylcholesta-6,22-dien-3β-ol and ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol bioactive isolated from an edible mushroom Lentinus tuberregium (fr.). Environ Res 2023; 216:114765. [PMID: 36356661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The focus point of this current work is to evaluate the anticancer and growth inhibitory efficacy of compounds 5α,8α-epidioxy-24ᶓ-methylcholesta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (LT1), and Ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (LT2) of Lentinus tuberregium (Fr.) on three cell lines such as A673 (Rhabdomyosarcoma), MCF7 (breast cancer), and HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) by MTT assay. LT1 and LT2 exerted maximal growth inhibition in the order as A673 > HCT116 > MCF7. Comparatively, LT1 was more potent in causing cell growth inhibition than LT2 in the A673 cancer cell line. Based on the MTT assay, A673 cells alone proceeded further as a model to evaluate the anticancer potential of LT1 and LT2 at three different semilogarithmic concentrations (3, 10, 30 μM). The cells exposed with compounds at 24 and 48 h were analyzed by flow cytometry. Exposure of LT1 at 3 and 10 μM concentrations for 24 h caused a G2-M arrest. At 10 μM concentration, cells also accumulated in the G0-G1 phase, indicating a G1 block. These effects were only transient as prolonged exposure (48 h) of LT1 treatment brought back the cell population to normalcy. Both the compounds only at 30 μM concentration have the potential to induce a hypodiploid peak (sub G0), indicating an induction of apoptosis which was explicit by nuclear condensation and fragmentation of nuclei in cells. The dose-dependent and compound-specific apoptotic induction was further confirmed by caspase activity higher in LT1 than LT2. The results highlight the significant growth inhibitory activity and anticancer potential of LT1 and LT2 which are recommended for further in-depth analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Manjunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S Shyamalagowri
- P.G. and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappas College, Chennai- 600030, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Kamaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology - Ramapuram Campus, Chennai- 600089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S P Thyagarajan
- Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women (Deemed to Be University), Coimbatore -641 043, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Kaviyarasan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai- 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu C, Feng P, Chen M, Tang Y, Soba P. Spatiotemporal changes in microtubule dynamics during dendritic morphogenesis. Fly (Austin) 2022; 16:13-23. [PMID: 34609266 PMCID: PMC8496546 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2021.1976033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic morphogenesis requires dynamic microtubules (MTs) to form a coordinated cytoskeletal network during development. Dynamic MTs are characterized by their number, polarity and speed of polymerization. Previous studies described a correlation between anterograde MT growth and terminal branch extension in Drosophila dendritic arborization (da) neurons, suggesting a model that anterograde MT polymerization provides a driving force for dendritic branching. We recently found that the Ste20-like kinase Tao specifically regulates dendritic branching by controlling the number of dynamic MTs in a kinase activity-dependent fashion, without affecting MT polarity or speed. This finding raises the interesting question of how MT dynamics affects dendritic morphogenesis, and if Tao kinase activity is developmentally regulated to coordinate MT dynamics and dendritic morphogenesis. We explored the possible correlation between MT dynamics and dendritic morphogenesis together with the activity changes of Tao kinase in C1da and C4da neurons during larval development. Our data show that spatiotemporal changes in the number of dynamic MTs, but not polarity or polymerization speed, correlate with dendritic branching and Tao kinase activity. Our findings suggest that Tao kinase limits dendritic branching by controlling the abundance of dynamic MTs and we propose a novel model on how regulation of MT dynamics might influence dendritic morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meilan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, Limes Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Soba
- Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, Limes Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Firdous F, Ibrahim R, Furqan M, Khan H, Raza H, Singh U, Emwas A, Jaremko M, Chotana GA, Faisal A, Saleem RSZ. Synthesis and Characterization of Griseofulvin Derivatives as Microtubule‐Stabilizing Agents. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Firdous
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Rida Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Life Sciences Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Hina Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Hadeeqa Raza
- Department of Life Sciences Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Upendra Singh
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul‐Hamid Emwas
- KAUST Core Labs King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghayoor Abbas Chotana
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Life Sciences Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tomaz LB, Liu BA, Meroshini M, Ong SLM, Tan EK, Tolwinski NS, Williams CS, Gingras AC, Leushacke M, Dunn NR. MCC is a centrosomal protein that relocalizes to non-centrosomal apical sites during intestinal cell differentiation. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259272. [PMID: 36217793 PMCID: PMC10658790 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) encodes a coiled-coil protein implicated, as its name suggests, in the pathogenesis of hereditary human colon cancer. To date, however, the contributions of MCC to intestinal homeostasis and disease remain unclear. Here, we examine the subcellular localization of MCC, both at the mRNA and protein levels, in the adult intestinal epithelium. Our findings reveal that Mcc transcripts are restricted to proliferating crypt cells, including Lgr5+ stem cells, where the Mcc protein is distinctly associated with the centrosome. Upon intestinal cellular differentiation, Mcc is redeployed to the apical domain of polarized villus cells where non-centrosomal microtubule organizing centers (ncMTOCs) are positioned. Using intestinal organoids, we show that the shuttling of the Mcc protein depends on phosphorylation by casein kinases 1δ and ε, which are critical modulators of WNT signaling. Together, our findings support a role for MCC in establishing and maintaining the cellular architecture of the intestinal epithelium as a component of both the centrosome and ncMTOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian B. Tomaz
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
| | - Bernard A. Liu
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Meroshini M
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
| | - Sheena L. M. Ong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
| | - Ee Kim Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
| | | | | | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marc Leushacke
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 308232, Singapore
| | - N. Ray Dunn
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 308232, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Daume D, Offner T, Hassenklöver T, Manzini I. Patterns of tubb2b Promoter-Driven Fluorescence in the Forebrain of Larval Xenopus laevis. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:914281. [PMID: 35873659 PMCID: PMC9304554 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.914281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are essential components of the cytoskeleton of all eukaryotic cells and consist of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers. Several tissue-specific isotypes of α- and β-tubulins, encoded by distinct genes, have been described in vertebrates. In the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis), class II β-tubulin (tubb2b) is expressed exclusively in neurons, and its promoter is used to establish different transgenic frog lines. However, a thorough investigation of the expression pattern of tubb2b has not been carried out yet. In this study, we describe the expression of tubb2b-dependent Katushka fluorescence in the forebrain of premetamorphic Xenopus laevis at cellular resolution. To determine the exact location of Katushka-positive neurons in the forebrain nuclei and to verify the extent of neuronal Katushka expression, we used a transgenic frog line and performed several additional antibody stainings. We found tubb2b-dependent fluorescence throughout the Xenopus forebrain, but not in all neurons. In the olfactory bulb, tubb2b-dependent fluorescence is present in axonal projections from the olfactory epithelium, cells in the mitral cell layer, and fibers of the extrabulbar system, but not in interneurons. We also detected tubb2b-dependent fluorescence in parts of the basal ganglia, the amygdaloid complex, the pallium, the optic nerve, the preoptic area, and the hypothalamus. In the diencephalon, tubb2b-dependent fluorescence occurred mainly in the prethalamus and thalamus. As in the olfactory system, not all neurons of these forebrain regions exhibited tubb2b-dependent fluorescence. Together, our results present a detailed overview of the distribution of tubb2b-dependent fluorescence in neurons of the forebrain of larval Xenopus laevis and clearly show that tubb2b-dependent fluorescence cannot be used as a pan-neuronal marker.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen F, Wu J, Iwanski MK, Jurriens D, Sandron A, Pasolli M, Puma G, Kromhout JZ, Yang C, Nijenhuis W, Kapitein LC, Berger F, Akhmanova A. Self-assembly of pericentriolar material in interphase cells lacking centrioles. eLife 2022; 11:77892. [PMID: 35787744 PMCID: PMC9307276 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells, the centrosome, comprises a pair of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material (PCM), which nucleates and anchors microtubules. Centrosome assembly depends on PCM binding to centrioles, PCM self-association and dynein-mediated PCM transport, but the self-assembly properties of PCM components in interphase cells are poorly understood. Here, we used experiments and modeling to study centriole-independent features of interphase PCM assembly. We showed that when centrioles are lost due to PLK4 depletion or inhibition, dynein-based transport and self-clustering of PCM proteins are sufficient to form a single compact MTOC, which generates a dense radial microtubule array. Interphase self-assembly of PCM components depends on γ-tubulin, pericentrin, CDK5RAP2 and ninein, but not NEDD1, CEP152, or CEP192. Formation of a compact acentriolar MTOC is inhibited by AKAP450-dependent PCM recruitment to the Golgi or by randomly organized CAMSAP2-stabilized microtubules, which keep PCM mobile and prevent its coalescence. Linking of CAMSAP2 to a minus-end-directed motor leads to the formation of an MTOC, but MTOC compaction requires cooperation with pericentrin-containing self-clustering PCM. Our data reveal that interphase PCM contains a set of components that can self-assemble into a compact structure and organize microtubules, but PCM self-organization is sensitive to motor- and microtubule-based rearrangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Chen
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jingchao Wu
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Daphne Jurriens
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arianna Sandron
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Milena Pasolli
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gianmarco Puma
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Chao Yang
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wilco Nijenhuis
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Berger
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Genomes of higher eukaryotes encode a large tubulin gene superfamily consisting of at least six α and six β-tubulin isotypes. While some α and β-tubulin isotypes are ubiquitously expressed, others are cell-type specific. The subset of α and β-tubulins that is expressed in a given cell type is defined transcriptionally. But the precise mechanisms of how cells choose which α and β isotypes to express and at what level remain poorly understood. Differential expression of tubulin isotypes is particularly prominent during development and in specialized cells, suggesting that some isotypes are better suited for certain cell type-specific functions. Recent studies begin to rationalize this phenomenon, uncovering important differences in tubulin isotype behavior and their impact on the biomechanical properties of the microtubule cytoskeleton. I summarize our understanding of the regulation of tubulin isotype expression, focusing on the role of these complex regulatory pathways in building a customized microtubule network best suited for cellular needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gasic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Camargo Ortega G, Götz M. Centrosome heterogeneity in stem cells regulates cell diversity. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:707-719. [PMID: 35750615 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are at the source of creating cellular diversity. Multiple mechanisms, including basic cell biological processes, regulate their fate. The centrosome is at the core of many stem cell functions and recent work highlights the association of distinct proteins at the centrosome in stem cell differentiation. As showcased by a novel centrosome protein regulating neural stem cell differentiation, it is timely to review the heterogeneity of the centrosome at protein and RNA levels and how this impacts their function in stem and progenitor cells. Together with evidence for heterogeneity of other organelles so far considered as similar between cells, we call for exploring the cell type-specific composition of organelles as a way to expand protein function in development with relevance to regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Germán Camargo Ortega
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH, Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; 4 SYNERGY, Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oliva P, Romagnoli R, Cacciari B, Manfredini S, Padroni C, Brancale A, Ferla S, Hamel E, Corallo D, Aveic S, Milan N, Mariotto E, Viola G, Bortolozzi R. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Highly Active 7-Anilino Triazolopyrimidines as Potent Antimicrotubule Agents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1191. [PMID: 35745764 PMCID: PMC9230136 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different series of fifty-two compounds, based on 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyaniline (7a–ad) and variably substituted anilines (8a–v) at the 7-position of the 2-substituted-[1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine nucleus, had moderate to potent antiproliferative activity against A549, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, HT-29 and Jurkat cancer cell lines. All derivatives with a common 3-phenylpropylamino moiety at the 2-position of the triazolopyrimidine scaffold and different halogen-substituted anilines at its 7-position, corresponding to 4′-fluoroaniline (8q), 4′-fluoro-3′-chloroaniline (8r), 4′-chloroaniline (8s) and 4′-bromoaniline (8u), displayed the greatest antiproliferative activity with mean IC50′s of 83, 101, 91 and 83 nM, respectively. These four compounds inhibited tubulin polymerization about 2-fold more potently than combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), and their activities as inhibitors of [3H]colchicine binding to tubulin were similar to that of CA-4. These data underlined that the 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyanilino moiety at the 7-position of the [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine system, which characterized compounds 7a–ad, was not essential for maintaining potent antiproliferative and antitubulin activities. Compounds 8q and 8r had high selectivity against cancer cells, and their interaction with tubulin led to the accumulation of HeLa cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and to apoptotic cell death through the mitochondrial pathway. Finally, compound 8q significantly inhibited HeLa cell growth in zebrafish embryos.
Collapse
|
27
|
Philip R, Fiorino C, Harrison RE. Terminally differentiated osteoclasts organize centrosomes into large clusters for microtubule nucleation and bone resorption. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar68. [PMID: 35511803 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-03-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are highly specialized, multinucleated cells responsible for the selective resorption of the dense, calcified bone matrix. Microtubules (MTs) contribute to the polarization and trafficking events involved in bone resorption by osteoclasts, however the origin of these elaborate arrays is less clear. Osteoclasts arise through cell fusion of precursor cells. Previous studies have suggested that centrosome MT nucleation is lost during this process, with the nuclear membrane and its surrounding Golgi serving as the major microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs) in these cells. Here we reveal that precursor cell centrosomes are maintained and functional in the multinucleated osteoclast and interestingly form large MTOC clusters, with the clusters organizing significantly more MTs, compared to individual centrosomes. MTOC cluster formation requires dynamic microtubules and minus-end directed MT motor activity. Inhibition of these centrosome clustering elements had a marked impact on both F-actin ring formation and bone resorption. Together these findings show that multinucleated osteoclasts employ unique centrosomal clusters to organize the extensive microtubules during bone attachment and resorption. [Media: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Philip
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1 × 5
| | - Cara Fiorino
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology and the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4
| | - Rene E Harrison
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology and the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Microtubules are polarized cytoskeletal filaments that serve as tracks for intracellular transport and form a scaffold that positions organelles and other cellular components and modulates cell shape and mechanics. In animal cells, the geometry, density and directionality of microtubule networks are major determinants of cellular architecture, polarity and proliferation. In dividing cells, microtubules form bipolar spindles that pull chromosomes apart, whereas in interphase cells, microtubules are organized in a cell type-specific fashion, which strongly correlates with cell physiology. In motile cells, such as fibroblasts and immune cells, microtubules are organized as radial asters, whereas in immotile epithelial and neuronal cells and in muscles, microtubules form parallel or antiparallel arrays and cortical meshworks. Here, we review recent work addressing how the formation of such microtubule networks is driven by the plethora of microtubule regulatory proteins. These include proteins that nucleate or anchor microtubule ends at different cellular structures and those that sever or move microtubules, as well as regulators of microtubule elongation, stability, bundling or modifications. The emerging picture, although still very incomplete, shows a remarkable diversity of cell-specific mechanisms that employ conserved building blocks to adjust microtubule organization in order to facilitate different cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Lukas C Kapitein
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tang S, Zhou Z, Jiang Z, Zhu W, Qiao D. Indole-Based Tubulin Inhibitors: Binding Modes and SARs Investigations. Molecules 2022; 27:1587. [PMID: 35268688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tubulin inhibitors can interfere with normal cell mitosis and inhibit cell proliferation through interfering with the normal structure and function of microtubules, forming spindle filaments. Indole, as a privileged pharmacological skeleton, has been widely used in anti-cancer inhibitors. A variety of alkaloids containing an indole core obtained from natural sources have been proven to inhibit tubulin polymerization, and an ever-increasing number of synthetic indole-based tubulin inhibitors have been reported. Among these, several kinds of indole-based derivatives, such as TMP analogues, aroylindoles, arylthioindoles, fused indole, carbazoles, azacarbolines, alkaloid nortopsentin analogues and bis-indole derivatives, have shown good inhibition activities towards tubulin polymerization. The binding modes and SARs investigations of synthetic indole derivatives, along with a brief mechanism on their anti-tubulin activity, are presented in this review.
Collapse
|
30
|
Park S. Building vs. Rebuilding Epidermis: Comparison Embryonic Development and Adult Wound Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:796080. [PMID: 35145968 PMCID: PMC8822150 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.796080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is essential to restore tissue function through the rebuilding of pre-existing structures. The repair process involves the re-formation of tissue, which was originally generated by embryonic development, with as similar a structure as possible. Therefore, these two processes share many similarities in terms of creating tissue architecture. However, fundamental differences still exist, such as differences in the cellular components, the status of neighboring tissues, and the surrounding environment. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics, in vivo lineage tracing, and intravital imaging revealed subpopulations, long-term cell fates, and dynamic cellular behaviors in live animals that were not detectable previously. This review highlights similarities and differences between adult wound repair and embryonic tissue development with a particular emphasis on the epidermis of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangbum Park
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Sangbum Park,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schatten H. Transitions from Centrosomal to Non-centrosomal Microtubule Organization During Cellular Polarization. The Centrosome and its Functions and Dysfunctions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-20848-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
32
|
Benítez R, Núñez Y, Ayuso M, Isabel B, Fernández-Barroso MA, De Mercado E, Gómez-Izquierdo E, García-Casco JM, López-Bote C, Óvilo C. Changes in Biceps femoris Transcriptome along Growth in Iberian Pigs Fed Different Energy Sources and Comparative Analysis with Duroc Breed. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123505. [PMID: 34944282 PMCID: PMC8697974 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The genetic mechanisms that regulate biological processes, such as skeletal muscle development and growth, or intramuscular fat deposition, have attracted great interest, given their impact on production traits and meat quality. In this sense, a comparison of the transcriptome of skeletal muscle between phenotypically different pig breeds, or along growth, could be useful to improve the understanding of the molecular processes underlying the differences in muscle metabolism and phenotypic traits, potentially driving the identification of causal genes, regulators and metabolic pathways involved in their variability. Abstract This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of developmental stage, breed, and diet energy source on the genome-wide expression, meat quality traits, and tissue composition of biceps femoris muscle in growing pure Iberian and Duroc pigs. The study comprised 59 Iberian (IB) and 19 Duroc (DU) animals, who started the treatment at an average live weight (LW) of 19.9 kg. The animals were kept under identical management conditions and fed two diets with different energy sources (6% high oleic sunflower oil or carbohydrates). Twenty-nine IB animals were slaughtered after seven days of treatment at an average LW of 24.1 kg, and 30 IB animals plus all the DU animals were slaughtered after 47 days at an average LW of 50.7 kg. The main factors affecting the muscle transcriptome were age, with 1832 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and breed (1055 DEGs), while the effect of diet on the transcriptome was very small. The results indicated transcriptome changes along time in Iberian animals, being especially related to growth and tissue development, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and cytoskeleton organization, with DEGs affecting relevant functions and biological pathways, such as myogenesis. The breed also affected functions related to muscle development and cytoskeleton organization, as well as functions related to solute transport and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Taking into account the results of the two main comparisons (age and breed effects), we can postulate that the Iberian breed is more precocious than the Duroc breed, regarding myogenesis and muscle development, in the studied growing stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Benítez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.); (Y.N.); (M.A.F.-B.); (J.M.G.-C.)
| | - Yolanda Núñez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.); (Y.N.); (M.A.F.-B.); (J.M.G.-C.)
| | - Miriam Ayuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.I.); (C.L.-B.)
| | - Miguel A. Fernández-Barroso
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.); (Y.N.); (M.A.F.-B.); (J.M.G.-C.)
| | - Eduardo De Mercado
- Centro de Pruebas de Porcino ITACYL, Hontalbilla, 40353 Segovia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (E.G.-I.)
| | - Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo
- Centro de Pruebas de Porcino ITACYL, Hontalbilla, 40353 Segovia, Spain; (E.D.M.); (E.G.-I.)
| | - Juan M. García-Casco
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.); (Y.N.); (M.A.F.-B.); (J.M.G.-C.)
| | - Clemente López-Bote
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.I.); (C.L.-B.)
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.B.); (Y.N.); (M.A.F.-B.); (J.M.G.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-3471492
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Soltan OM, Shoman ME, Abdel-Aziz SA, Narumi A, Konno H, Abdel-Aziz M. Molecular hybrids: A five-year survey on structures of multiple targeted hybrids of protein kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113768. [PMID: 34450497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases have grown over the past few years as a crucial target for different cancer types. With the multifactorial nature of cancer, and the fast development of drug resistance for conventional chemotherapeutics, a strategy for designing multi-target agents was suggested to potentially increase drug efficacy, minimize side effects and retain the proper pharmacokinetic properties. Kinase inhibitors were used extensively in such strategy. Different kinase inhibitor agents which target EGFR, VEGFR, c-Met, CDK, PDK and other targets were merged into hybrids with conventional chemotherapeutics such as tubulin polymerization and topoisomerase inhibitors. Other hybrids were designed gathering kinase inhibitors with targeted cancer therapy such as HDAC, PARP, HSP 90 inhibitors. Nitric oxide donor molecules were also merged with kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. The current review presents the hybrids designed in the past five years discussing their design principles, results and highlights their future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Soltan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 61111, Minia, Egypt
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang C, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Xing D. Developments of CRBN-based PROTACs as potential therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113749. [PMID: 34411892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protease-targeted chimeras (PROTACs) are a new technology that is receiving much attention in the treatment of diseases. The mechanism is to inhibit protein function by hijacking the ubiquitin E3 ligase for protein degradation. Heterogeneous bifunctional PROTACs contain a ligand for recruiting E3 ligase, a linker, and another ligand to bind to the target protein for degradation. A variety of small-molecule PROTACs (CRBN, VHL, IAPs, MDM2, DCAF15, DCAF16, and RNF114-based PROTACs) have been identified so far. In particular, CRBN-based PROTACs (e.g., ARV-110 and ARV-471) have received more attention for their promising therapeutic intervention. To date, CRBN-based PRTOACs have been extensively explored worldwide and have excelled not only in cancer diseases but also in cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive update on the latest research progress in CRBN-based PRTOACs area. Following the criteria, such as disease area and drug target class, we will present the degradants in alphabetical order by target. We also provide our own perspective on the future prospects and potential challenges facing PROTACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yujing Zhang
- The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yudong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guan P, Zhou J, Girel S, Zhu X, Schwab M, Zhang K, Wang-Müller Q, Bigler L, Nick P. Anti-microtubule activity of the traditional Chinese medicine herb Northern Ban Lan (Isatis tinctoria) leads to glucobrassicin. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:2058-2074. [PMID: 34636476 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) belongs to the most elaborate and extensive systems of plant-based healing. The herb Northern Ban Lan (Isatis tinctoria) is famous for its antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. Although numerous components isolated from I. tinctoria have been characterized so far, their modes of action have remained unclear. Here, we show that extracts from I. tinctoria exert anti-microtubular activity. Using time-lapse microscopy in living tobacco BY-2 (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Bright Yellow 2) cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tubulin, we use activity-guided fractionation to screen out the biologically active compounds of I. tinctoria. Among 54 fractions obtained from either leaves or roots of I. tinctoria by methanol (MeOH/H2 O 8:2), or ethyl acetate extraction, one specific methanolic root fraction was selected, because it efficiently and rapidly eliminated microtubules. By combination of further purification with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry most of the bioactivity could be assigned to the glucosinolate compound glucobrassicin. Glucobrassicin can also affect microtubules and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells. In the light of these findings, the antiviral activity of Northern Ban Lan is discussed in the context of microtubules being hijacked by many viral pathogens for cell-to-cell spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingyin Guan
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Jianning Zhou
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Sergey Girel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xin Zhu
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Marian Schwab
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Kunxi Zhang
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Qiyan Wang-Müller
- Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Bigler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr.190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Buchwalter RA, Ogden SC, York SB, Sun L, Zheng C, Hammack C, Cheng Y, Chen JV, Cone AS, Meckes DG, Tang H, Megraw TL. Coordination of Zika Virus Infection and Viroplasm Organization by Microtubules and Microtubule-Organizing Centers. Cells 2021; 10:3335. [PMID: 34943843 PMCID: PMC8699624 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) became a global health concern in 2016 due to its links to congenital microcephaly and other birth defects. Flaviviruses, including ZIKV, reorganize the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to form a viroplasm, a compartment where virus particles are assembled. Microtubules (MTs) and microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) coordinate structural and trafficking functions in the cell, and MTs also support replication of flaviviruses. Here we investigated the roles of MTs and the cell's MTOCs on ZIKV viroplasm organization and virus production. We show that a toroidal-shaped viroplasm forms upon ZIKV infection, and MTs are organized at the viroplasm core and surrounding the viroplasm. We show that MTs are necessary for viroplasm organization and impact infectious virus production. In addition, the centrosome and the Golgi MTOC are closely associated with the viroplasm, and the centrosome coordinates the organization of the ZIKV viroplasm toroidal structure. Surprisingly, viroplasm formation and virus production are not significantly impaired when infected cells have no centrosomes and impaired Golgi MTOC, and we show that MTs are anchored to the viroplasm surface in these cells. We propose that the viroplasm is a site of MT organization, and the MTs organized at the viroplasm are sufficient for efficient virus production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Buchwalter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Sarah C. Ogden
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (S.C.O.); (C.H.); (Y.C.); (H.T.)
| | - Sara B. York
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Chunfeng Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Christy Hammack
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (S.C.O.); (C.H.); (Y.C.); (H.T.)
| | - Yichen Cheng
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (S.C.O.); (C.H.); (Y.C.); (H.T.)
| | - Jieyan V. Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Allaura S. Cone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - David G. Meckes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| | - Hengli Tang
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (S.C.O.); (C.H.); (Y.C.); (H.T.)
| | - Timothy L. Megraw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (R.A.B.); (S.B.Y.); (L.S.); (C.Z.); (J.V.C.); (A.S.C.); (D.G.M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yuan J, Zhao Y, Bai Y, Gu J, Yuan Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Zou H, Bian J. Cadmium induces endosomal/lysosomal enlargement and blocks autophagy flux in rat hepatocytes by damaging microtubules. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 228:112993. [PMID: 34808507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute exposure to cadmium (Cd) causes vacuolar degeneration in buffalo rat liver 3 A (BRL 3 A) cells. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between Cd-induced microtubule damage and intracellular vacuolar degeneration. Western blotting results showed that Cd damaged the microtubule network and downregulated the expression of microtubule-associated proteins-kinesin-1 heavy chain (KIF5B), γ-tubulin, and acetylated α-tubulin in BRL 3 A cells. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that Cd inhibited interactions between α-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4) as well as KIF5B. Increasing Cd concentrations decreased the levels of the lipid kinase, PIKfyve, which regulates the activity of endosome-lysosome fission. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy revealed vacuole-like organelles that were late endosomes and lysosomes. The PIKfyve inhibitor, YM201636, and the microtubule depolymerizer, nocodazole, aggravated Cd-induced endosome-lysosome enlargement. Knocking down the kif5b gene that encodes KIF5B intensified the enlargement of endosome-lysosomes and expression of early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1), Ras-related protein Rab-7a (RAB7), and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (LAMP2). Nocodazole, YM201636, and the knockdown of kif5b blocked autophagic flux. We concluded that Cd-induced damage to the microtubule network is the main reason for endosome-lysosome enlargement and autophagic flux blockage in BRL 3 A cells, and kinesin-1 plays a critical role in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuni Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Tissues build complex structures like lumens and microvilli to carry out their functions. Most of the mechanisms used to build these structures rely on cells remodelling their apical plasma membranes, which ultimately constitute the specialised compartments. In addition to apical remodelling, these shape changes also depend on the proper attachment of the basal plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM provides cues to establish apicobasal polarity, and it also transduces forces that allow apical remodelling. However, physical crosstalk mechanisms between basal ECM attachment and the apical plasma membrane remain understudied, and the ones described so far are very diverse, which highlights the importance of identifying the general principles. Here, we review apicobasal crosstalk of two well-established models of membrane remodelling taking place during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis: amnioserosa cell shape oscillations during dorsal closure and subcellular tube formation in tracheal cells. We discuss how anchoring to the basal ECM affects apical architecture and the mechanisms that mediate these interactions. We analyse this knowledge under the scope of other morphogenetic processes and discuss what aspects of apicobasal crosstalk may represent widespread phenomena and which ones are used to build subsets of specialised compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barrera-Velázquez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Undergraduate Program on Genomic Sciences, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Luis Daniel Ríos-Barrera
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Masucci EM, Relich PK, Lakadamyali M, Ostap EM, Holzbaur ELF. Microtubule dynamics influence the retrograde biased motility of kinesin-4 motor teams in neuronal dendrites. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 33:ar52. [PMID: 34705476 PMCID: PMC9265162 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-10-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules establish the directionality of intracellular transport by kinesins and dynein through polarized assembly, but it remains unclear how directed transport occurs along microtubules organized with mixed polarity. We investigated the ability of the plus end–directed kinesin-4 motor KIF21B to navigate mixed polarity microtubules in mammalian dendrites. Reconstitution assays with recombinant KIF21B and engineered microtubule bundles or extracted neuronal cytoskeletons indicate that nucleotide-independent microtubule-binding regions of KIF21B modulate microtubule dynamics and promote directional switching on antiparallel microtubules. Optogenetic recruitment of KIF21B to organelles in live neurons induces unidirectional transport in axons but bidirectional transport with a net retrograde bias in dendrites. Removal of the secondary microtubule-binding regions of KIF21B or dampening of microtubule dynamics with low concentrations of nocodazole eliminates retrograde bias in live dendrites. Further exploration of the contribution of microtubule dynamics in dendrites to directionality revealed plus end–out microtubules to be more dynamic than plus end–in microtubules, with nocodazole preferentially stabilizing the plus end–out population. We propose a model in which both nucleotide-sensitive and -insensitive microtubule-binding sites of KIF21B motors contribute to the search and selection of stable plus end–in microtubules within the mixed polarity microtubule arrays characteristic of mammalian dendrites to achieve net retrograde movement of KIF21B-bound cargoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Masucci
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Peter K Relich
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - E Michael Ostap
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu H, Zheng J, Zhu L, Xie L, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Yin Y, Peng C, Zhou J, Zhu X, Yan X. Wdr47, Camsaps, and Katanin cooperate to generate ciliary central microtubules. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5796. [PMID: 34608154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The axonemal central pair (CP) are non-centrosomal microtubules critical for planar ciliary beat. How they form, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that mammalian CP formation requires Wdr47, Camsaps, and microtubule-severing activity of Katanin. Katanin severs peripheral microtubules to produce central microtubule seeds in nascent cilia. Camsaps stabilize minus ends of the seeds to facilitate microtubule outgrowth, whereas Wdr47 concentrates Camsaps into the axonemal central lumen to properly position central microtubules. Wdr47 deficiency in mouse multicilia results in complete loss of CP, rotatory beat, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Overexpression of Camsaps or their microtubule-binding regions induces central microtubules in Wdr47-/- ependymal cells but at the expense of low efficiency, abnormal numbers, and wrong location. Katanin levels and activity also impact the central microtubule number. We propose that Wdr47, Camsaps, and Katanin function together for the generation of non-centrosomal microtubule arrays in polarized subcellular compartments.
Collapse
|
41
|
Khayyat AN, Mohamed KO, Malebari AM, El-Malah A. Design, Synthesis, and Antipoliferative Activities of Novel Substituted Imidazole-Thione Linked Benzotriazole Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:5983. [PMID: 34641526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of benzotriazole moiety bearing substituted imidazol-2-thiones at N1 has been designed, synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity against the different cancer cell lines MCF-7(breast cancer), HL-60 (Human promyelocytic leukemia), and HCT-116 (colon cancer). Most of the benzotriazole analogues exhibited promising antiproliferative activity against tested cancer cell lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, BI9 showed potent activity against the cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, HL-60 and HCT-116 with IC50 3.57, 0.40 and 2.63 µM, respectively. Compound BI9 was taken up for elaborate biological studies and the HL-60 cells in the cell cycle were arrested in G2/M phase. Compound BI9 showed remarkable inhibition of tubulin polymerization with the colchicine binding site of tubulin. In addition, compound BI9 promoted apoptosis by regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAX and anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2. These results provide guidance for further rational development of potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen L, Hu Q, Liu H, Zhao Y, Chan SO, Wang J. Nogo-A Induced Polymerization of Microtubule Is Involved in the Inflammatory Heat Hyperalgesia in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910360. [PMID: 34638704 PMCID: PMC8508904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule, a major constituent of cytoskeletons, was shown to bind and interact with transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1), and serves a pivotal role to produce thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory pain. Nogo-A is a modulator of microtubule assembly and plays a key role in maintaining the function of TRPV1 in inflammatory heat pain. However, whether the microtubule dynamics modulated by Nogo-A in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons participate in the inflammatory pain is not elucidated. Here we reported that the polymerization of microtubules in the DRG neurons, as indicated by the acetylated α-tubulin, tubulin polymerization-promoting protein 3 (TPPP3), and microtubule numbers, was significantly elevated in the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced inflammatory pain. Consistent with our previous results, knock-out (KO) of Nogo-A protein significantly attenuated the heat hyperalgesia 72 h after CFA injection and decreased the microtubule polymerization via up-regulation of phosphorylation of collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) in DRG. The colocalization of acetylated α-tubulin and TRPV1 in DRG neurons was also reduced dramatically in Nogo-A KO rats under inflammatory pain. Moreover, the down-regulation of TRPV1 in DRG of Nogo-A KO rats after injection of CFA was reversed by intrathecal injection of paclitaxel, a microtubule stabilizer. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of nocodazole (a microtubule disruptor) attenuated significantly the CFA-induced inflammatory heat hyperalgesia and the mechanical pain in a rat model of spared nerve injury (SNI). In these SNI cases, the Nogo-A and acetylated α-tubulin in DRG were also significantly up-regulated. We conclude that the polymerization of microtubules promoted by Nogo-A in DRG contributes to the development of inflammatory heat hyperalgesia mediated by TRPV1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.C.); (Q.H.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qiguo Hu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.C.); (Q.H.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Huaicun Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.C.); (Q.H.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.C.); (Q.H.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Sun-On Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (S.-O.C.); (J.W.); Tel.: +85-2-3943-6898 (S.-O.C.); +86-10-8280-1119 (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.C.); (Q.H.); (H.L.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: (S.-O.C.); (J.W.); Tel.: +85-2-3943-6898 (S.-O.C.); +86-10-8280-1119 (J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
El-Sayed NF, El-Hussieny M, Ewies EF, El Shehry MF, Awad HM, Fouad MA. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of new benzofuran and indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:485-500. [PMID: 34523738 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules and the mitotic spindle have become an important target for cancer treatment due to their critical role in cell division. In this work, a novel series of benzofuran and indole derivatives were designed and synthesized, to be evaluated as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. 2-Acetylbenzofuran derivatives 1a,b and 3-acetylindole 1c were condensed with Wittig reagents 2a-d and Wittig-Horner reagents 3a-e to afford the respective 2-ethylidene derivatives 5a-j and 7a-e. Also, iminomethylene triphenylphosphine (2e) reacted with 1a,b to afford benzofuran-2-ylethylidene aniline derivatives 6a,b. In addition, compounds 1a,b reacted with trialkylphosphites 4a-c to give 1:1 adduct for which the Oxaphospholo[4,3-b]benzofuran-7-yl)diazene derivatives 8a-f, were assigned. The possible reactions mechanisms were discussed and structural reasoning for the new compounds were based upon spectroscopic data. Their antiproliferative activities against two cell lines namely, HepG2 and MCF7 cells were then evaluated. It was found that the benzofuran compounds 5b, 6a, and 8c exhibited the strongest antiproliferative activities against both cell lines compared to doxorubicin. By studying the mechanism of action, compound 6a showed good inhibition of tubulin polymerization which leads to mitotic spindle formation disruption, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. A conducted docking study confirmed the in vitro results indicating that compound 6a fitted properly at the colchicine binding site of tubulin. Based on these findings, compound 6a can be considered as a promising anticancer candidate that can be subjected for further development as a tubulin polymerization inhibitor for treating liver and breast cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa F El-Sayed
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Hussieny
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Ewies F Ewies
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Hanem M Awad
- Department of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Inaba H, Matsuura K. Modulation of Microtubule Properties and Functions by Encapsulation of Nanomaterials Using a Tau-Derived Peptide. BCSJ 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Pimento-Marques and Bettencourt-Dias discuss the composition, assembly and function of pericentriolar material - the proteinaceous material that surrounds the centrioles and forms the centrosome, the main microtubule organizing center found in animal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pimenta-Marques
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
The katanin family of microtubule-severing enzymes is critical for cytoskeletal rearrangements that affect key cellular processes like division, migration, signaling, and homeostasis. In humans, aberrant expression, or dysfunction of the katanins, is linked to developmental, proliferative, and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review current knowledge on the mammalian family of katanins, including an overview of evolutionary conservation, functional domain organization, and the mechanisms that regulate katanin activity. We assess the function of katanins in dividing and non-dividing cells and how their dysregulation promotes impaired ciliary signaling and defects in developmental programs (corticogenesis, gametogenesis, and neurodevelopment) and contributes to neurodegeneration and cancer. We conclude with perspectives on future katanin research that will advance our understanding of this exciting and dynamic class of disease-associated enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Lynn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emily Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hieu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Z. Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Falk S, Han D, Karow M. Cellular identity through the lens of direct lineage reprogramming. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 70:97-103. [PMID: 34333231 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct lineage reprogramming challenges our traditional view on basic aspects of cellular identity, and in particular on processes crucial for identity acquisition. This is partly because in direct lineage reprogramming but not during natural differentiation processes changing cellular identity can occur in the absence of mitosis. Only recently, technologies emerged to deconstruct the cellular and molecular processes governing the transitory states a cell passes through on the journey from its original identity to the new target cell fate. Here we discuss arising concepts on the nature of these transitory states and the challenges and decisions cells must conquer to reach their new cellular identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Falk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Dandan Han
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marisa Karow
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Panzade S, Matis M. The Microtubule Minus-End Binding Protein Patronin Is Required for the Epithelial Remodeling in the Drosophila Abdomen. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:682083. [PMID: 34368132 PMCID: PMC8335404 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.682083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the developing Drosophila abdomen, the epithelial tissue displays extensive cytoskeletal remodeling. In stark contrast to the spatio-temporal control of the actin cytoskeleton, the regulation of microtubule architecture during epithelial morphogenesis has remained opaque. In particular, its role in cell motility remains unclear. Here, we show that minus-end binding protein Patronin is required for organizing microtubule arrays in histoblast cells that form the Drosophila abdomen. Loss of Patronin results in a dorsal cleft, indicating the compromised function of histoblasts. We further show that Patronin is polarized in these cells and is required for the formation of highly dynamic non-centrosomal microtubules in the migrating histoblasts. Thus, our study demonstrates that regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton through Patronin mediates epithelium remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Panzade
- Interfaculty Centre 'Cells in Motion,' University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maja Matis
- Interfaculty Centre 'Cells in Motion,' University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Centrioles are microtubule-based cylindrical structures that assemble the centrosome and template the formation of cilia. The proximal part of centrioles is associated with the pericentriolar material, a protein scaffold from which microtubules are nucleated. This activity is mediated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) whose central role in centrosomal microtubule organization has been recognized for decades. However, accumulating evidence suggests that γTuRC activity at this organelle is neither restricted to the pericentriolar material nor limited to microtubule nucleation. Instead, γTuRC is found along the entire centriole cylinder, at subdistal appendages, and inside the centriole lumen, where its canonical function as a microtubule nucleator might be supplemented or replaced by a function in microtubule anchoring and centriole stabilization, respectively. In this Opinion, we discuss recent insights into the expanded repertoire of γTuRC activities at centrioles and how distinct subpopulations of γTuRC might act in concert to ensure centrosome and cilia biogenesis and function, ultimately supporting cell proliferation, differentiation and homeostasis. We propose that the classical view of centrosomal γTuRC as a pericentriolar material-associated microtubule nucleator needs to be revised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schweizer
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Lüders
- Mechanisms of Disease Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gillard G, Girdler G, Röper K. A release-and-capture mechanism generates an essential non-centrosomal microtubule array during tube budding. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4096. [PMID: 34215746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-centrosomal microtubule arrays serve crucial functions in cells, yet the mechanisms of their generation are poorly understood. During budding of the epithelial tubes of the salivary glands in the Drosophila embryo, we previously demonstrated that the activity of pulsatile apical-medial actomyosin depends on a longitudinal non-centrosomal microtubule array. Here we uncover that the exit from the last embryonic division cycle of the epidermal cells of the salivary gland placode leads to one centrosome in the cells losing all microtubule-nucleation capacity. This restriction of nucleation activity to the second, Centrobin-enriched, centrosome is key for proper morphogenesis. Furthermore, the microtubule-severing protein Katanin and the minus-end-binding protein Patronin accumulate in an apical-medial position only in placodal cells. Loss of either in the placode prevents formation of the longitudinal microtubule array and leads to loss of apical-medial actomyosin and impaired apical constriction. We thus propose a mechanism whereby Katanin-severing at the single active centrosome releases microtubule minus-ends that are then anchored by apical-medial Patronin to promote formation of the longitudinal microtubule array crucial for apical constriction and tube formation.
Collapse
|