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Huang F, Su Z, Huang Y, Huang Y, Zhou C, Feng S, Qin X, Xie X, Liu C, Yu C. Exploration of the combined role of immune checkpoints and immune cells in the diagnosis and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: a preliminary study immune checkpoints in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:115. [PMID: 38835033 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune checkpoints have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. However, the specific roles of immune checkpoints in the pathophysiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remain unclear. METHODS Hip ligament samples were obtained from two patient groups: those with AS and femoral head deformity, and those with femoral head necrosis but without AS, undergoing hip arthroplasty. Label-Free Quantification (LFQ) Protein Park Analysis was used to identify the protein composition of the ligaments. Peripheral blood samples of 104 AS patients from public database were used to validate the expression of key proteins. KEGG, GO, and GSVA were employed to explore potential pathways regulated by immune checkpoints in AS progression. xCell was used to calculate cell infiltration levels, LASSO regression was applied to select key cells, and the correlation between immune checkpoints and immune cells was analyzed. Drug sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify potential therapeutic drugs targeting immune checkpoints in AS. The expression of key genes was validated through immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS HLA-DMB and HLA-DPA1 were downregulated in the ligaments of AS and this has been validated through peripheral blood datasets and IHC. Significant differences in expression were observed in CD8 + Tcm, CD8 + T cells, CD8 + Tem, osteoblasts, Th1 cells, and CD8 + naive T cells in AS. The infiltration levels of CD8 + Tcm and CD8 + naive T cells were significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of HLA-DMB and HLA-DPA1. Immune cell selection using LASSO regression showed good predictive ability for AS, with AUC values of 0.98, 0.81, and 0.75 for the three prediction models, respectively. Furthermore, this study found that HLA-DMB and HLA-DPA1 are involved in Th17 cell differentiation, and both Th17 cell differentiation and the NF-kappa B signaling pathway are activated in the AS group. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that AS patients are more sensitive to drugs such as doramapimod and GSK269962A. CONCLUSION Immune checkpoints and immune cells could serve as avenues for exploring diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Huang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Zhiping Su
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Yibin Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Chengyu Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Sitan Feng
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Xiong Qin
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Spine and Osteopathy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China.
| | - Chaojie Yu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, China.
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2
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Levillayer L, Brighelli C, Demeret C, Sakuntabhai A, Bureau JF. Role of two modules controlling the interaction between SKAP1 and SRC kinases comparison with SKAP2 architecture and consequences for evolution. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296230. [PMID: 38483858 PMCID: PMC10939263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
SRC kinase associated phosphoprotein 1 (SKAP1), an adaptor for protein assembly, plays an important role in the immune system such as stabilizing immune synapses. Understanding how these functions are controlled at the level of the protein-protein interactions is necessary to describe these processes and to develop therapeutics. Here, we dissected the SKAP1 modular organization to recognize SRC kinases and compared it to that of its paralog SRC kinase associated phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2). Different conserved motifs common to either both proteins or specific to SKAP2 were found using this comparison. Two modules harboring different binding properties between SKAP1 and SKAP2 were identified: one composed of two conserved motifs located in the second interdomain interacting at least with the SH2 domain of SRC kinases and a second one composed of the DIM domain modulated by the SH3 domain and the activation of SRC kinases. This work suggests a convergent evolution of the binding properties of some SRC kinases interacting specifically with either SKAP1 or SKAP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Levillayer
- Institut Pasteur, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, Université de Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) USC 1510, Unité Écologie et Émergence des Pathogènes Transmis par les Arthropodes (EEPTA), Paris, France
| | - Camille Brighelli
- Institut Pasteur, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, Université de Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) USC 1510, Unité Écologie et Émergence des Pathogènes Transmis par les Arthropodes (EEPTA), Paris, France
| | - Caroline Demeret
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris-Cité, Laboratoire Interactomique, ARN et Immunité ‐ Interactomics, RNA and Immunity, Paris, France
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Institut Pasteur, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, Université de Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) USC 1510, Unité Écologie et Émergence des Pathogènes Transmis par les Arthropodes (EEPTA), Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Bureau
- Institut Pasteur, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, Université de Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) USC 1510, Unité Écologie et Émergence des Pathogènes Transmis par les Arthropodes (EEPTA), Paris, France
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3
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Bouti P, Klein BJAM, Verkuijlen PJH, Schornagel K, van Alphen FPJ, Taris KKH, van den Biggelaar M, Hoogendijk AJ, van Bruggen R, Kuijpers TW, Matlung HL. SKAP2 acts downstream of CD11b/CD18 and regulates neutrophil effector function. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1344761. [PMID: 38487529 PMCID: PMC10937362 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of CD11b/CD18 expression in neutrophil effector functions is well known. Beyond KINDLIN3 and TALIN1, which are involved in the induction of the high-affinity binding CD11b/CD18 conformation, the signaling pathways that orchestrate this response remain incompletely understood. Method We performed an unbiased screening method for protein selection by biotin identification (BioID) and investigated the KINDLIN3 interactome. We used liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry as a powerful analytical tool. Generation of NB4 CD18, KINDLIN3, or SKAP2 knockout neutrophils was achieved using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and the cells were examined for their effector function using flow cytometry, live cell imaging, microscopy, adhesion, or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Results Among the 325 proteins significantly enriched, we identified Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2), a protein involved in actin polymerization and integrin-mediated outside-in signaling. CD18 immunoprecipitation in primary or NB4 neutrophils demonstrated the presence of SKAP2 in the CD11b/CD18 complex at a steady state. Under this condition, adhesion to plastic, ICAM-1, or fibronectin was observed in the absence of SKAP2, which could be abrogated by blocking the actin rearrangements with latrunculin B. Upon stimulation of NB4 SKAP2-deficient neutrophils, adhesion to fibronectin was enhanced whereas CD18 clustering was strongly reduced. This response corresponded with significantly impaired CD11b/CD18-dependent NADPH oxidase activity, phagocytosis, and cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Conclusion Our results suggest that SKAP2 has a dual role. It may restrict CD11b/CD18-mediated adhesion only under resting conditions, but its major contribution lies in the regulation of dynamic CD11b/CD18-mediated actin rearrangements and clustering as required for cellular effector functions of human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Bouti
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bart J. A. M. Klein
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul J. H. Verkuijlen
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karin Schornagel
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. van Alphen
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kees-Karel H. Taris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- LaserLaB Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maartje van den Biggelaar
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arie J. Hoogendijk
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robin van Bruggen
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanke L. Matlung
- Department of Molecular Hematology Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Baig MS, Barmpoutsi S, Bharti S, Weigert A, Hirani N, Atre R, Khabiya R, Sharma R, Sarup S, Savai R. Adaptor molecules mediate negative regulation of macrophage inflammatory pathways: a closer look. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355012. [PMID: 38482001 PMCID: PMC10933033 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in initiating, maintaining, and terminating inflammation. For that, macrophages respond to various external stimuli in changing environments through signaling pathways that are tightly regulated and interconnected. This process involves, among others, autoregulatory loops that activate and deactivate macrophages through various cytokines, stimulants, and other chemical mediators. Adaptor proteins play an indispensable role in facilitating various inflammatory signals. These proteins are dynamic and flexible modulators of immune cell signaling and act as molecular bridges between cell surface receptors and intracellular effector molecules. They are involved in regulating physiological inflammation and also contribute significantly to the development of chronic inflammatory processes. This is at least partly due to their involvement in the activation and deactivation of macrophages, leading to changes in the macrophages' activation/phenotype. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the 20 adaptor molecules and proteins that act as negative regulators of inflammation in macrophages and effectively suppress inflammatory signaling pathways. We emphasize the functional role of adaptors in signal transduction in macrophages and their influence on the phenotypic transition of macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1-like states to anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotypes. This endeavor mainly aims at highlighting and orchestrating the intricate dynamics of adaptor molecules by elucidating the associated key roles along with respective domains and opening avenues for therapeutic and investigative purposes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza S. Baig
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Spyridoula Barmpoutsi
- Lung Microenvironmental Niche in Cancerogenesis, Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shreya Bharti
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nik Hirani
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rajat Atre
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rakhi Khabiya
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Shivmuni Sarup
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Lung Microenvironmental Niche in Cancerogenesis, Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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5
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Danoff JS, Ramos EN, Hinton TD, Perkeybile AM, Graves AJ, Quinn GC, Lightbody-Cimer AR, Gordevičius J, Milčiūtė M, Brooke RT, Carter CS, Bales KL, Erisir A, Connelly JJ. Father's care uniquely influences male neurodevelopment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308798120. [PMID: 37487074 PMCID: PMC10400995 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308798120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian infants depend on parental care for survival, with numerous consequences for their behavioral development. We investigated the epigenetic and neurodevelopmental mechanisms mediating the impact of early biparental care on development of alloparenting behavior, or caring for offspring that are not one's own. We find that receiving high parental care early in life leads to slower epigenetic aging of both sexes and widespread male-specific differential expression of genes related to synaptic transmission and autism in the nucleus accumbens. Examination of parental care composition indicates that high-care fathers promote a male-specific increase in excitatory synapses and increases in pup retrieval behavior as juveniles. Interestingly, females raised by high-care fathers have the opposite behavioral response and display fewer pup retrievals. These results support the concept that neurodevelopmental trajectories are programmed by different features of early-life parental care and reveal that male neurodevelopmental processes are uniquely sensitive to care by fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Danoff
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Erin N. Ramos
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Taylor D. Hinton
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Allison M. Perkeybile
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Andrew J. Graves
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Graham C. Quinn
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | | | | | - Milda Milčiūtė
- Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation, Torrance, CA90502
| | | | - C. Sue Carter
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Karen L. Bales
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Alev Erisir
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Jessica J. Connelly
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Program in Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
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6
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Yiu YY, Hansen PS, Torrez Dulgeroff LB, Blacker G, Myers L, Galloway S, Gars E, Colace O, Mansfield P, Hasenkrug KJ, Weissman IL, Tal MC. CD47 Blockade Leads to Chemokine-Dependent Monocyte Infiltration and Loss of B Cells from the Splenic Marginal Zone. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 208:1371-1377. [PMID: 35236754 PMCID: PMC9012117 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD47 is an important innate immune checkpoint through its interaction with its inhibitory receptor on macrophages, signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα). Therapeutic blockade of CD47-SIRPα interactions is a promising immuno-oncology treatment that promotes clearance of cancer cells. However, CD47-SIRPα interactions also maintain homeostatic lymphocyte levels. In this study, we report that the mouse splenic marginal zone B cell population is dependent on intact CD47-SIRPα interactions and blockade of CD47 leads to the loss of these cells. This depletion is accompanied by elevated levels of monocyte-recruiting chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 and infiltration of CCR2+Ly6Chi monocytes into the mouse spleen. In the absence of CCR2 signaling, there is no infiltration and reduced marginal zone B cell depletion. These data suggest that CD47 blockade leads to clearance of splenic marginal zone B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Yiu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Paige S Hansen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Laughing Bear Torrez Dulgeroff
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Grace Blacker
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Lara Myers
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT
| | - Sarah Galloway
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Eric Gars
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Olivia Colace
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Paul Mansfield
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Kim J Hasenkrug
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA;
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; and
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Michal Caspi Tal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and the Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA;
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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7
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SKAP2 suppresses inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis by regulating SHP-1 and SHP-2. Oncogene 2022; 41:1087-1099. [PMID: 35034964 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are frequently accompanied by colorectal cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying colitis-associated cancers are not fully understood. Src Kinase Associated Phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2), a substrate of Src family kinases, is highly expressed in macrophages. Here, we examined the effects of SKAP2 on inflammatory responses in a mouse model of tumorigenesis with colitis induced by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium. SKAP2 knockout increased the severity of colitis and tumorigenesis, as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute inflammation. SKAP2 attenuated inflammatory signaling in macrophages induced by uptake of cancer cell-derived exosomes. SKAP2-/- mice were characterized by the activation of NF-κB signaling and the upregulation and release of cytokines including TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL-9/-10/-13, and sICAM1; SKAP2 overexpression attenuated NF-κB activation. Mechanistically, SKAP2 formed a complex with the SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase via association with the Sirpα transmembrane receptor. SKAP2 also physically associated with the TIR domain of MyD88, TIRAP, and TRAM, adaptors of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). SKAP2-mediated recruitment of the Sirpα/SHP-1 complex to TLR4 attenuated inflammatory responses, whereas direct interaction of SKAP2 with SHP-2 decreased SHP-2 activation. SHP-2 is required for efficient NF-κB activation and suppresses the TRAM/TRIF-INFβ pathway; therefore, SKAP2-mediated SHP-2 inhibition affected two signaling axes from TLR4. The present findings indicate that SKAP2 prevents excess inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4-NF-κB pathway, and it activates the TLR4-IFNβ pathway through SHP-1 and SHP-2, thereby suppressing inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis.
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8
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Shi L, Bian Z, Kidder K, Liang H, Liu Y. Non-Lyn Src Family Kinases Activate SIRPα-SHP-1 to Inhibit PI3K-Akt2 and Dampen Proinflammatory Macrophage Polarization. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1419-1427. [PMID: 34348974 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage functional plasticity plays a central role in responding to proinflammatory stimuli. The molecular basis underlying the dynamic phenotypic activation of macrophages, however, remains incompletely understood. In this article, we report that SIRPα is a chief negative regulator of proinflammatory macrophage polarization. In response to TLR agonists, proinflammatory cytokines, or canonical M1 stimulation, Src family kinases (SFK) excluding Lyn phosphorylate SIRPα ITIMs, leading to the preferential recruitment and activation of SHP-1, but not SHP-2. Solely extracellular ligation of SIRPα by CD47 does not greatly induce phosphorylation of SIRPα ITIMs, but it enhances proinflammatory stimuli-induced SIRPα phosphorylation. Examination of downstream signaling elicited by IFN-γ and TLR3/4/9 agonists found that SIRPα-activated SHP-1 moderately represses STAT1, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling but markedly inhibits Akt2, resulting in dampened proinflammatory cytokine production and expression of Ag presentation machinery. Pharmacological inhibition of SHP-1 or deficiency of SIRPα conversely attenuates SIRPα-mediated inhibition and, as such, augments macrophage proinflammatory polarization that in turn exacerbates proinflammation in mouse models of type I diabetes and peritonitis. Our results reveal an SFK-SIRPα-SHP-1 mechanism that fine-tunes macrophage proinflammatory phenotypic activation via inhibition of PI3K-Akt2, which controls the transcription and translation of proinflammatory cytokines, Ag presentation machinery, and other cellular programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zhen Bian
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Koby Kidder
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center of Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
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9
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Nguyen GT, Xu S, Adams W, Leong JM, Bunnell SC, Mansour MK, Sykes DB, Mecsas J. Neutrophils require SKAP2 for reactive oxygen species production following C-type lectin and Candida stimulation. iScience 2021; 24:102871. [PMID: 34386732 PMCID: PMC8346660 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling cascades converting the recognition of pathogens to efficient inflammatory responses by neutrophils are critical for host survival. SKAP2, an adaptor protein, is required for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation following neutrophil stimulation by integrins, formyl peptide receptors, and for host defense against the Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Using neutrophils from murine HoxB8-immortalized progenitors, we show that SKAP2 in neutrophils is crucial for maximal ROS response to purified C-type lectin receptor agonists and to the fungal pathogens, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans, and for robust killing of C. glabrata. Inside-out signaling to integrin and Syk phosphorylation occurred independently of SKAP2 after Candida infection. However, Pyk2, ERK1/2, and p38 phosphorylation were significantly reduced after infection with C. glabrata and K. pneumoniae in Skap2-/- neutrophils. These data demonstrate the importance of SKAP2 in ROS generation and host defense beyond antibacterial immunity to include CLRs and Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang T. Nguyen
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Shuying Xu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Walter Adams
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - John M. Leong
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Stephen C. Bunnell
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Michael K. Mansour
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David B. Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joan Mecsas
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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10
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Ghelman J, Grewing L, Windener F, Albrecht S, Zarbock A, Kuhlmann T. SKAP2 as a new regulator of oligodendroglial migration and myelin sheath formation. Glia 2021; 69:2699-2716. [PMID: 34324225 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) are highly proliferative and migratory cells, which differentiate into complex myelin forming and axon ensheathing mature oligodendrocytes during myelination. Recent studies indicate that the oligodendroglial cell population is heterogeneous on transcriptional and functional level depending on the location in the central nervous system. Here, we compared intrinsic properties of OPC from spinal cord and brain on functional and transcriptional level. Spinal cord OPC demonstrated increased migration as well as differentiation capacity. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of several genes between both OPC populations. In spinal cord OPC, we confirmed upregulation of SKAP2, a cytoplasmatic adaptor protein known for its implication in cytoskeletal remodeling and migration in other cell types. Recent findings suggest that actin dynamics determine not only oligodendroglial migration, but also differentiation: Whereas actin polymerization is important for process extension, actin destabilization and depolymerization is required for myelin sheath formation. Downregulation or complete lack of SKAP2 in OPC resulted in reduced migration and impaired morphological maturation in oligodendrocytes. In contrast, overexpression of SKAP2 as well as constitutively active SKAP2 increased OPC migration suggesting that SKAP2 function is dependent on activation by phosphorylation. Furthermore, lack of SKAP2 enhanced the positive effect on OPC migration after integrin activation suggesting that SKAP2 acts as modulator of integrin dependent migration. In summary, we demonstrate the presence of intrinsic differences between spinal cord and brain OPC and identified SKAP2 as a new regulator of oligodendroglial migration and sheath formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ghelman
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Laureen Grewing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Farina Windener
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Albrecht
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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11
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Yang N, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Yi Y, Zhu J, Ma F, Li J, Liu H. ADAP Y571 Phosphorylation Is Required to Prime STAT3 for Activation in TLR4-Stimulated Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:814-826. [PMID: 33431658 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion and degranulation-promoting adapter protein (ADAP), originally identified as an essential adaptor molecule in TCR signaling and T cell adhesion, has emerged as a critical regulator in innate immune cells such as macrophages; however, its role in macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses remains unknown. In this study, we show that ADAP plays an essential role in TLR4-mediated mouse macrophage polarization via modulation of STAT3 activity. Macrophages from ADAP-deficient mice exhibit enhanced M1 polarization, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and capacity in inducing Th1 responses, but decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR4 activation by LPS. Furthermore, overexpression of ADAP enhances, whereas loss of ADAP reduces, the LPS-mediated phosphorylation and activity of STAT3, suggesting ADAP acts as a coactivator of STAT3 activity and function. Furthermore, the coactivator function of ADAP mostly depends on the tyrosine phosphorylation at Y571 in the motif YDSL induced by LPS. Mutation of Y571 to F severely impairs the stimulating effect of ADAP on STAT3 activity and the ability of ADAP to inhibit M1-like polarization in TLR4-activated mouse macrophages. Moreover, ADAP interacts with STAT3, and loss of ADAP renders mouse macrophages less sensitive to IL-6 stimulation for STAT3 phosphorylation. Collectively, our findings revealed an additional layer of regulation of TLR4-mediated mouse macrophage plasticity whereby ADAP phosphorylation on Y571 is required to prime STAT3 for activation in TLR4-stimulated mouse macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiqi Yang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yulan Yi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingfei Zhu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; and.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; and.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hebin Liu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China; .,Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
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12
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Fløyel T, Meyerovich K, Prause MC, Kaur S, Frørup C, Mortensen HB, Nielsen LB, Pociot F, Cardozo AK, Størling J. SKAP2, a Candidate Gene for Type 1 Diabetes, Regulates β-Cell Apoptosis and Glycemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Patients. Diabetes 2021; 70:464-476. [PMID: 33203694 PMCID: PMC7881866 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism rs7804356 located in the Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2) gene is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D), suggesting SKAP2 as a causal candidate gene. The objective of the study was to investigate if SKAP2 has a functional role in the β-cells in relation to T1D. In a cohort of children with newly diagnosed T1D, rs7804356 predicted glycemic control and residual β-cell function during the 1st year after diagnosis. In INS-1E cells and rat and human islets, proinflammatory cytokines reduced the content of SKAP2. Functional studies revealed that knockdown of SKAP2 aggravated cytokine-induced apoptosis in INS-1E cells and primary rat β-cells, suggesting an antiapoptotic function of SKAP2. In support of this, overexpression of SKAP2 afforded protection against cytokine-induced apoptosis, which correlated with reduced nuclear content of S536-phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit p65, lower nitric oxide production, and diminished CHOP expression indicative of decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress. Knockdown of CHOP partially counteracted the increase in cytokine-induced apoptosis caused by SKAP2 knockdown. In conclusion, our results suggest that SKAP2 controls β-cell sensitivity to cytokines possibly by affecting the NF-κB-inducible nitric oxide synthase-endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Fløyel
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Kira Meyerovich
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michala C Prause
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Caroline Frørup
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Henrik B Mortensen
- Department of Pediatrics E, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte B Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics E, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandra K Cardozo
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joachim Størling
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Morrissey MA, Kern N, Vale RD. CD47 Ligation Repositions the Inhibitory Receptor SIRPA to Suppress Integrin Activation and Phagocytosis. Immunity 2020; 53:290-302.e6. [PMID: 32768386 PMCID: PMC7453839 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
CD47 acts as a "don't eat me" signal that protects cells from phagocytosis by binding and activating its receptor SIPRA on macrophages. CD47 suppresses multiple different pro-engulfment "eat me" signals, including immunoglobulin G (IgG), complement, and calreticulin, on distinct target cells. This complexity has limited understanding of how the "don't eat me" signal is transduced biochemically. Here, we utilized a reconstituted system with a defined set of signals to interrogate the mechanism of SIRPA activation and its downstream targets. CD47 ligation altered SIRPA localization, positioning SIRPA for activation at the phagocytic synapse. At the phagocytic synapse, SIRPA inhibited integrin activation to limit macrophage spreading across the surface of the engulfment target. Chemical reactivation of integrin bypassed CD47-mediated inhibition and rescued engulfment, similar to the effect of a CD47 function-blocking antibody. Thus, the CD47-SIRPA axis suppresses phagocytosis by inhibiting inside-out activation of integrin signaling in the macrophage, with implications to cancer immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan A Morrissey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nadja Kern
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ronald D Vale
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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14
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Yersinia pseudotuberculosis YopH targets SKAP2-dependent and independent signaling pathways to block neutrophil antimicrobial mechanisms during infection. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008576. [PMID: 32392230 PMCID: PMC7241846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia suppress neutrophil responses by using a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) to inject 6–7 Yersinia effector proteins (Yops) effectors into their cytoplasm. YopH is a tyrosine phosphatase that causes dephosphorylation of the adaptor protein SKAP2, among other targets in neutrophils. SKAP2 functions in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phagocytosis, and integrin-mediated migration by neutrophils. Here we identify essential neutrophil functions targeted by YopH, and investigate how the interaction between YopH and SKAP2 influence Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) survival in tissues. The growth defect of a ΔyopH mutant was restored in mice defective in the NADPH oxidase complex, demonstrating that YopH is critical for protecting Yptb from ROS during infection. The growth of a ΔyopH mutant was partially restored in Skap2-deficient (Skap2KO) mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice, while induction of neutropenia further enhanced the growth of the ΔyopH mutant in both WT and Skap2KO mice. YopH inhibited both ROS production and degranulation triggered via integrin receptor, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) stimulation. SKAP2 was required for integrin receptor and GPCR-mediated ROS production, but dispensable for degranulation under all conditions tested. YopH blocked SKAP2-independent FcγR-stimulated phosphorylation of the proximal signaling proteins Syk, SLP-76, and PLCγ2, and the more distal signaling protein ERK1/2, while only ERK1/2 phosphorylation was dependent on SKAP2 following integrin receptor activation. These findings reveal that YopH prevents activation of both SKAP2-dependent and -independent neutrophilic defenses, uncouple integrin- and GPCR-dependent ROS production from FcγR responses based on their SKAP2 dependency, and show that SKAP2 is not required for degranulation. Pathogenic Yersinia species carry a virulence plasmid encoding a type 3 secretion system that translocates 6–7 effector Yops into host cells. We demonstrate that YopH protects Yersinia pseudotuberculosis from neutrophil-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and degranulation by interfering with signaling pathways downstream of three major receptor classes in neutrophils. We show that a previously identified target of YopH, SKAP2, controls some of the pathways essential for YopH to inactivate during infection. SKAP2 is essential in mediating ROS production downstream of two major receptors; however, it is dispensable for degranulation from the three major receptors tested. Our study illustrates that YopH protects Y. pseudotuberculosis by blocking both SKAP2-dependent and independent signaling pathways that regulate several neutrophil functions.
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15
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Nguyen GT, Shaban L, Mack M, Swanson KD, Bunnell SC, Sykes DB, Mecsas J. SKAP2 is required for defense against K. pneumoniae infection and neutrophil respiratory burst. eLife 2020; 9:56656. [PMID: 32352382 PMCID: PMC7250567 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a respiratory, blood, liver, and bladder pathogen of significant clinical concern. We show that the adaptor protein, SKAP2, is required for protection against K. pneumoniae (ATCC 43816) pulmonary infections. Skap2-/- mice had 100-fold higher bacterial burden when compared to wild-type and burden was controlled by SKAP2 expression in innate immune cells. Skap2-/- neutrophils and monocytes were present in infected lungs, and the neutrophils degranulated normally in response to K. pneumoniae infection in mice; however, K. pneumoniae-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro was abolished. K. pneumoniae-induced neutrophil ROS response required the activity of SFKs, Syk, Btk, PLCγ2, and PKC. The loss of SKAP2 significantly hindered the K. pneumoniae-induced phosphorylation of SFKs, Syk, and Pyk2 implicating SKAP2 as proximal to their activation in pathogen-signaling pathways. In conclusion, SKAP2-dependent signaling in neutrophils is essential for K. pneumoniae-activated ROS production and for promoting bacterial clearance during infection. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a type of bacteria that can cause life-threatening infections – including pneumonia, blood stream infections, and urinary tract infections – in hospitalized patients. These infections can be difficult to treat because some K. pneumoniae are resistant to antibiotics. The bacteria are normally found in the human intestine, and they do not usually cause infections in healthy people. This implies that healthy people’s immune systems are better able to fend off K. pneumoniae infections; learning how could help scientists develop new ways to treat or prevent infections in hospitalized patients. In healthy people, a type of immune cell called neutrophils are the first line of defense against bacterial infections. Several different proteins are needed to activate neutrophils, including a protein called SKAP2. But the role of this protein in fighting K. pneumoniae infections is not clear. To find out what role SKAP2 plays in the defense against pneumonia caused by K. pneumoniae, Nguyen et al. compared infections in mice with and without the protein. Mice lacking SKAP2 in their white blood cells had more bacteria in their lungs than normal mice. The experiments showed that neutrophils from mice with SKAP2 produce a burst of chemicals called “reactive oxygen species”, which can kill bacteria. But neutrophils without the protein do not. Without SKAP2, several proteins that help produce reactive oxygen species do not work. Understanding the role of SKAP2 in fighting infections may help scientists better understand the immune system. This could help clinicians to treat conditions that cause it to be hyperactive or ineffective. More studies are needed to determine if SKAP2 works the same way in human neutrophils and if it works against all types of K. pneumoniae. If it does, then scientists might be able use this information to develop therapies that help the immune system fight infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang T Nguyen
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, United States
| | - Lamyaa Shaban
- Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, United States
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth D Swanson
- Brain Tumor Center and Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
| | - Stephen C Bunnell
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, United States.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, United States
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Joan Mecsas
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, United States.,Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, United States
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16
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Arnold KA, Blair JE, Paul JD, Shah AP, Nathan S, Alenghat FJ. Monocyte and macrophage subtypes as paired cell biomarkers for coronary artery disease. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:1343-1352. [PMID: 31264265 DOI: 10.1113/ep087827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Are circulating monocyte markers correlated with their derived macrophage polarization patterns and coronary artery disease severity? What is the main finding and its importance? There was an inverse relationship between circulating CD16+ monocytes (high) and M2 macrophages (low) that marked coronary disease severity, and the differences in polarization of macrophages were seen despite a week of cell culture ex vivo. This study highlights the importance, and potential prognostic implications, of circulating monocyte and descendant macrophage phenotypes in coronary artery disease. ABSTRACT Monocytes and macrophages are central to atherosclerosis, but how they combine to mark progression of human coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. We tested whether patients' monocyte subtypes paired with their derived macrophage profiles were correlated with extent of CAD. Peripheral blood was collected from 40 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, and patients were categorized as having no significant CAD, single vessel disease or multivessel disease according to the number of affected coronary arteries. Mononuclear cells were measured for the monocyte markers CD14 and CD16 by flow cytometry, and separate monocytes were cultured into macrophages over 7 days and measured for the polarization markers CD86 and CD206. At baseline, patients with a greater CAD burden were older, with higher rates of statin, β-blocker and antiplatelet drug use, whereas other characteristics were similar across the spectrum of coronary disease. CD16+ (both intermediate and non-classical) monocytes were elevated in patients with single vessel and multivessel disease compared with those without significant CAD (P < 0.05), whereas regulatory M2 macrophages (CD206+ ) were decreased in patients with single vessel and multivessel disease (P < 0.001). An inverse relationship between paired CD16+ monocytes and M2 macrophages marked CAD severity. On multivariable linear regression, CAD severity was associated, along with age and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, with CD16+ monocytes (directly) and M2 macrophages (inversely). Circulating monocytes may influence downstream polarization of lesional macrophages, and these measures of monocyte and macrophage subtypes hold potential as biomarkers in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Arnold
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John E Blair
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan D Paul
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Atman P Shah
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sandeep Nathan
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis J Alenghat
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Myers LM, Tal MC, Torrez Dulgeroff LB, Carmody AB, Messer RJ, Gulati G, Yiu YY, Staron MM, Angel CL, Sinha R, Markovic M, Pham EA, Fram B, Ahmed A, Newman AM, Glenn JS, Davis MM, Kaech SM, Weissman IL, Hasenkrug KJ. A functional subset of CD8 + T cells during chronic exhaustion is defined by SIRPα expression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:794. [PMID: 30770827 PMCID: PMC6377614 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08637-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure of CD8+ T cells to antigenic stimulation, as in chronic viral infections, leads to a state of diminished function termed exhaustion. We now demonstrate that even during exhaustion there is a subset of functional CD8+ T cells defined by surface expression of SIRPα, a protein not previously reported on lymphocytes. On SIRPα+ CD8+ T cells, expression of co-inhibitory receptors is counterbalanced by expression of co-stimulatory receptors and it is only SIRPα+ cells that actively proliferate, transcribe IFNγ and show cytolytic activity. Furthermore, target cells that express the ligand for SIRPα, CD47, are more susceptible to CD8+ T cell-killing in vivo. SIRPα+ CD8+ T cells are evident in mice infected with Friend retrovirus, LCMV Clone 13, and in patients with chronic HCV infections. Furthermore, therapeutic blockade of PD-L1 to reinvigorate CD8+ T cells during chronic infection expands the cytotoxic subset of SIRPα+ CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Myers
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Michal Caspi Tal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laughing Bear Torrez Dulgeroff
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Aaron B Carmody
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Ronald J Messer
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Gunsagar Gulati
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ying Ying Yiu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Matthew M Staron
- Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
- Foundational Immunology, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Cesar Lopez Angel
- Deparment of Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maxim Markovic
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Edward A Pham
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Benjamin Fram
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Aaron M Newman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Glenn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Deparment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Deparment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kim J Hasenkrug
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA.
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18
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Chen YJ, Chang WA, Wu LY, Huang CF, Chen CH, Kuo PL. Identification of Novel Genes in Osteoarthritic Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Using Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1057-1071. [PMID: 31523167 PMCID: PMC6743272 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.35611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovitis in osteoarthritis (OA) the consequence of low grade inflammatory process caused by cartilage breakdown products that stimulated the production of pro-inflammatory mediators by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). FLS participate in joint homeostasis and low grade inflammation in the joint microenvironment triggers FLS transformation. In the current study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed genes and potential miRNA regulations in human OA FLS through deep sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. The 245 differentially expressed genes in OA FLS were identified, and pathway analysis using various bioinformatics databases indicated their enrichment in functions related to altered extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion and cellular movement. Moreover, among the 14 dysregulated genes with potential miRNA regulations identified, src kinase associated phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2), adaptor related protein complex 1 sigma 2 subunit (AP1S2), PHD finger protein 21A (PHF21A), lipoma preferred partner (LPP), and transcription factor AP-2 alpha (TFAP2A) showed similar expression patterns in OA FLS and OA synovial tissue datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus database. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified the dysregulated LPP participated in cell migration and cell spreading of OA FLS, which was potentially regulated by miR-141-3p. The current findings suggested new perspectives into understanding the novel molecular signatures of FLS involved in the pathogenesis of OA, which may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University
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19
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Sobhkhez M, Krasnov A, Robertsen B. Transcriptome analyses of Atlantic salmon muscle genes induced by a DNA vaccine against salmonid alphavirus, the causative agent of salmon pancreas disease (PD). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204924. [PMID: 30273392 PMCID: PMC6166962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) is the causative agent of pancreas disease (PD) in farmed Atlantic salmon. A previous study showed that vaccination of pre-smolt salmon with a plasmid encoding the structural polypeptide of SAV gave protection against infection and development of PD accompanied by production of antibodies against the virus. In the present work we analyzed transcript responses in the muscle to vaccination with this plasmid (here named pSAV). The purpose was to shed light on how pSAV might initiate adaptive immune responses in the fish. The work was based on microarray and reverse transcription quantitative PCR analyses of muscle at the injection site 7 days after vaccination. The results showed that pSAV and pcDNA3.3 had similar abilities to up-regulate type I IFN stimulated genes. In contrast, pSAV caused higher up-regulation of IFNγ and several IFNγ inducible genes. Compared to pcDNA3.3, pSAV also gave larger increase in transcripts of marker genes for B-cells, T-cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs), which suggest attraction and role of these cells in the adaptive immune responses elicited by pSAV. Moreover, pSAV caused a stronger up-regulation of the chemokine CXCL10 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and TNFα, which may explain attraction of lymphocytes and APCs. The present work shows that the expression profile of genes resulting from vaccination with pSAV is different from the expression profiles obtained previously by vaccination of salmonids with DNA vaccines against infectious salmon anemia virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Sobhkhez
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aleksei Krasnov
- Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries & Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Børre Robertsen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- * E-mail:
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20
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Feduska JM, Tse HM. The proinflammatory effects of macrophage-derived NADPH oxidase function in autoimmune diabetes. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 125:81-89. [PMID: 29723665 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease culminating in the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. While ultimately a T cell-mediated disease, macrophages play an indispensable role in disease initiation and progression. Infiltrating macrophages generate an inflammatory environment by releasing NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide and proinflammatory cytokines. The synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is acknowledged as putative factors contributing to autoimmunity and β-cell damage in T1D. In addition to direct lysis, free radicals collectively participate in β-cell destruction by providing a redox-dependent third signal necessary for islet-reactive CD4 and CD8 T cell maturation and by inducing oxidative post-translational modifications of β-cell epitopes to further exacerbate autoimmune responses. This review will provide an overview of macrophage function and a synergistic cross-talk with redox biology that contributes to autoimmune dysregulation in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Feduska
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, United States
| | - Hubert M Tse
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, United States.
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21
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Bureau JF, Cassonnet P, Grange L, Dessapt J, Jones L, Demeret C, Sakuntabhai A, Jacob Y. The SRC-family tyrosine kinase HCK shapes the landscape of SKAP2 interactome. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13102-13115. [PMID: 29568343 PMCID: PMC5862564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRC Kinase Adaptor Phosphoprotein 2 (SKAP2) is a broadly expressed adaptor associated with the control of actin-polymerization, cell migration, and oncogenesis. After activation of different receptors at the cell surface, this dimeric protein serves as a platform for assembling other adaptors such as FYB and some SRC family kinase members, although these mechanisms are still poorly understood. The goal of this study is to map the SKAP2 interactome and characterize which domains or binding motifs are involved in these interactions. This is a prerequisite to finely analyze how these pathways are integrated in the cell machinery and to study their role in cancer and other human diseases when this network of interactions is perturbed. In this work, the domain and the binding motif of fourteen proteins interacting with SKAP2 were precisely defined and a new interactor, FAM102A was discovered. Herein, a fine-tuning between the binding of SRC kinases and their activation was identified. This last process, which depends on SKAP2 dimerization, indirectly affects the binding of FYB protein. Analysis of conformational changes associated with activation/inhibition of SRC family members, presently limited to their effect on kinase activity, is extended to their interactive network, which paves the way for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bureau
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Département Génome et Génétique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Cassonnet
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Laura Grange
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Département Génome et Génétique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Julien Dessapt
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Département Génome et Génétique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Louis Jones
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Demeret
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Département Génome et Génétique, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Yves Jacob
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN, Département Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,UMR3569, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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22
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Poon C, Chowdhuri S, Kuo CH, Fang Y, Alenghat FJ, Hyatt D, Kani K, Gross ME, Chung EJ. Protein Mimetic and Anticancer Properties of Monocyte-Targeting Peptide Amphiphile Micelles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:3273-3282. [PMID: 29302619 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) stimulates the migration of monocytes to inflammatory sites, leading to the progression of many diseases. Recently, we described a monocyte-targeting peptide amphiphile micelle (MCP-1 PAM) incorporated with the chemokine receptor CCR2 binding motif of MCP-1, which has a high affinity for monocytes in atherosclerotic plaques. We further report here the biomimetic components of MCP-1 PAMs and the influence of the nanoparticle upon binding to monocytes. We report that MCP-1 PAMs have enhanced secondary structure compared to the MCP-1 peptide. As a result, MCP-1 PAMs displayed improved binding and chemoattractant properties to monocytes, which upregulated the inflammatory signaling pathways responsible for monocyte migration. Interestingly, when MCP-1 PAMs were incubated in the presence of prostate cancer cells in vitro, the particle displayed anticancer efficacy by reducing CCR2 expression. Given that monocytes play an important role in tumor cell migration and invasion, our results demonstrate that PAMs can improve the native biofunctional properties of the peptide and may be used as an effective inhibitor to prevent chemokine-receptor interactions that promote disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Poon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sampreeti Chowdhuri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yun Fang
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Francis J Alenghat
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Danielle Hyatt
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kian Kani
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Mitchell E Gross
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Eun Ji Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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23
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He SW, Xu BH, Liu Y, Wang YL, Chen MH, Xu L, Liao BQ, Lui R, Li FP, Lin YH, Fu XP, Fu BB, Hong ZW, Liu YX, Qi ZQ, Wang HL. SKAP2 regulates Arp2/3 complex for actin-mediated asymmetric cytokinesis by interacting with WAVE2 in mouse oocytes. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:2272-2281. [PMID: 28933599 PMCID: PMC5788478 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1380126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
SKAP2 (Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2), a substrate of Src family kinases, has been suggested to be involved in actin-mediated cellular processes. However, little is known about its role in mouse oocyte maturation. In this study, we thus investigated the expression, localization, and functions of SKAP2 during mouse oocyte asymmetric division. SKAP2 protein expression was detected at all developmental stages in mouse oocytes. Immunofluorescent staining showed that SKAP2 was mainly distributed at the cortex of the oocytes during maturation. Treatment with cytochalasin B in oocytes confirmed that SKAP2 was co-localized with actin. Depletion of SKAP2 by injection with specific short interfering RNA caused failure of spindle migration, polar body extrusion, and cytokinesis defects. Meanwhile, the staining of actin filaments at the oocyte membrane and in the cytoplasm was significantly reduced after these treatments. SKAP2 depletion also disrupted actin cap and cortical granule-free domain formation, and arrested a large proportion of oocytes at the telophase stage. Moreover, Arp2/3 complex and WAVE2 expression was decreased after the depletion of SKAP2 activity. Our results indicate that SKAP2 regulates the Arp2/3 complex and is essential for actin-mediated asymmetric cytokinesis by interacting with WAVE2 in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wen He
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Bai-Hui Xu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,g Department of Workshop 25, Shangdong new time Pharmaceutical Company Limited , Shangdong , China
| | - Yu Liu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Ya-Long Wang
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,c Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Zhongshan Hospital , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Lin Xu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Bao-Qiong Liao
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Rui Lui
- c Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Zhongshan Hospital , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,d Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Zhongxin Hospital , Qingdao, Shangdong , China
| | - Fei-Ping Li
- b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,f Department of Life Science, Biological College, Southwest Forestry University , Kunming , China
| | - Yan-Hong Lin
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,e Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , the First Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , China
| | - Xian-Pei Fu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Bin-Bin Fu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Zi-Wei Hong
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Zhong-Quan Qi
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
| | - Hai-Long Wang
- a Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian , China.,b Fujian Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration , Xiamen, Fujian , China
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24
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Nguyen GT, Green ER, Mecsas J. Neutrophils to the ROScue: Mechanisms of NADPH Oxidase Activation and Bacterial Resistance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:373. [PMID: 28890882 PMCID: PMC5574878 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 424] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase play an important role in antimicrobial host defense and inflammation. Their deficiency in humans results in recurrent and severe bacterial infections, while their unregulated release leads to pathology from excessive inflammation. The release of high concentrations of ROS aids in clearance of invading bacteria. Localization of ROS release to phagosomes containing pathogens limits tissue damage. Host immune cells, like neutrophils, also known as PMNs, will release large amounts of ROS at the site of infection following the activation of surface receptors. The binding of ligands to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), toll-like receptors, and cytokine receptors can prime PMNs for a more robust response if additional signals are encountered. Meanwhile, activation of Fc and integrin directly induces high levels of ROS production. Additionally, GPCRs that bind to the bacterial-peptide analog fMLP, a neutrophil chemoattractant, can both prime cells and trigger low levels of ROS production. Engagement of these receptors initiates intracellular signaling pathways, resulting in activation of downstream effector proteins, assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex, and ultimately, the production of ROS by this complex. Within PMNs, ROS released by the NADPH oxidase complex can activate granular proteases and induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Additionally, ROS can cross the membranes of bacterial pathogens and damage their nucleic acids, proteins, and cell membranes. Consequently, in order to establish infections, bacterial pathogens employ various strategies to prevent restriction by PMN-derived ROS or downstream consequences of ROS production. Some pathogens are able to directly prevent the oxidative burst of phagocytes using secreted effector proteins or toxins that interfere with translocation of the NADPH oxidase complex or signaling pathways needed for its activation. Nonetheless, these pathogens often rely on repair and detoxifying proteins in addition to these secreted effectors and toxins in order to resist mammalian sources of ROS. This suggests that pathogens have both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms to avoid restriction by PMN-derived ROS. Here, we review mechanisms of oxidative burst in PMNs in response to bacterial infections, as well as the mechanisms by which bacterial pathogens thwart restriction by ROS to survive under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giang T Nguyen
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts UniversityBoston, MA, United States
| | - Erin R Green
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of MedicineBoston, MA, United States
| | - Joan Mecsas
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts UniversityBoston, MA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of MedicineBoston, MA, United States
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25
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Ratnikova NM, Lezhnin YN, Frolova EI, Kravchenko JE, Chumakov SP. CD47 receptor as a primary target for cancer therapy. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893317010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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26
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Genome-wide association analysis for chronic venous disease identifies EFEMP1 and KCNH8 as susceptibility loci. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45652. [PMID: 28374850 PMCID: PMC5379489 DOI: 10.1038/srep45652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a multifactorial condition representing one of the most common disorders among populations of Western countries. The heritability of about 17% suggests genetic risk factors in CVD etiology. However, so far the genetic causes are unknown. We undertook the hitherto first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for CVD, analyzing more than 1.93 M SNPs in 4,942 German individuals, followed by replication in two independent German data sets. The combined analysis of discovery and replication stages (2,269 cases and 7,765 controls) yielded robust associations within the two genes EFEMP1 and KCNH8 (rs17278665, rs727139 with P < 5 × 10−8), and suggestive association within gene SKAP2 (rs2030136 with P < 5 × 10−7). Association signals of rs17278665 and rs727139 reside in regions of low linkage disequilibrium containing no other genes. Data from the ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics projects show that tissue specific marks overlap with the variants. SNPs rs17278665 and rs2030136 are known eQTLs. Our study demonstrates that GWAS are a valuable tool to study the genetic component of CVD. With our approach, we identified two novel genome-wide significant susceptibility loci for this common disease. Particularly, the extracellular matrix glycoprotein EFEMP1 is promising for future functional studies due to its antagonistic role in vessel development and angiogenesis.
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27
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Boras M, Volmering S, Bokemeyer A, Rossaint J, Block H, Bardel B, Van Marck V, Heitplatz B, Kliche S, Reinhold A, Lowell C, Zarbock A. Skap2 is required for β 2 integrin-mediated neutrophil recruitment and functions. J Exp Med 2017; 214:851-874. [PMID: 28183734 PMCID: PMC5339670 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin activation is required for neutrophil functions. Impaired integrin activation on neutrophils is the hallmark of leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) syndrome in humans, characterized by impaired leukocyte recruitment and recurrent infections. The Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (Skap2) is involved in integrin functions in different leukocyte subtypes. However, the role of Skap2 in β2 integrin activation and neutrophil recruitment is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate the crucial role of Skap2 in regulating actin polymerization and binding of talin-1 and kindlin-3 to the β2 integrin cytoplasmic domain, thereby being indispensable for β2 integrin activation and neutrophil recruitment. The direct interaction of Skap2 with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein via its SH3 domain is critical for integrin activation and neutrophil recruitment in vivo. Furthermore, Skap2 regulates integrin-mediated outside-in signaling events and neutrophil functions. Thus, Skap2 is essential to activate the β2 integrins, and loss of Skap2 function is sufficient to cause a LAD-like phenotype in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boras
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Volmering
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Bokemeyer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helena Block
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernadette Bardel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Veerle Van Marck
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara Heitplatz
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Clifford Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
- The Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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28
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Sevastou I, Pryce G, Baker D, Selwood DL. Characterisation of Transcriptional Changes in the Spinal Cord of the Progressive Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Biozzi ABH Mouse Model by RNA Sequencing. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157754. [PMID: 27355629 PMCID: PMC4927105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating immune-mediated neurological disorder affecting young adults. MS is primarily relapsing-remitting, but neurodegeneration and disability accumulate from disease onset. The most commonly used mouse MS models exhibit a monophasic immune response with fast accumulation of neurological damage that does not allow the study of progressive neurodegeneration. The chronic relapsing and secondary progressive EAE (pEAE) Biozzi ABH mouse model of MS exhibits a reproducible relapsing-remitting disease course that slowly accumulates permanent neurological deficit and develops a post-relapsing progressive disease that permits the study of demyelination and neurodegeneration. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was used to explore global gene expression in the pEAE Biozzi ABH mouse. Spinal cord tissue RNA from pEAE Biozzi ABH mice and healthy age-matched controls was sequenced. 2,072 genes were differentially expressed (q<0.05) from which 1,397 were significantly upregulated and 675 were significantly downregulated. This hypothesis-free investigation characterised the genomic changes that describe the pEAE mouse model. The differentially expressed genes revealed a persistent immunoreactant phenotype, combined with downregulation of the cholesterol biosynthesis superpathway and the LXR/RXR activation pathway. Genes differentially expressed include the myelination genes Slc17a7, Ugt8A and Opalin, the neuroprotective genes Sprr1A, Osm and Wisp2, as well as genes identified as MS risk factors, including RGs14 and Scap2. Novel genes with unestablished roles in EAE or MS were also identified. The identification of differentially expressed novel genes and genes involved in MS pathology, opens the door to their functional study in the pEAE mouse model which recapitulates some of the important clinical features of progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Sevastou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, UCL Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Science, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Pryce
- Neuroimmmunology Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom
| | - David Baker
- Neuroimmmunology Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom
| | - David L. Selwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, UCL Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Science, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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29
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Zhang M, Hutter G, Kahn SA, Azad TD, Gholamin S, Xu CY, Liu J, Achrol AS, Richard C, Sommerkamp P, Schoen MK, McCracken MN, Majeti R, Weissman I, Mitra SS, Cheshier SH. Anti-CD47 Treatment Stimulates Phagocytosis of Glioblastoma by M1 and M2 Polarized Macrophages and Promotes M1 Polarized Macrophages In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153550. [PMID: 27092773 PMCID: PMC4836698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent an important cellular subset within the glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) microenvironment and are a potential therapeutic target. TAMs display a continuum of different polarization states between antitumorigenic M1 and protumorigenic M2 phenotypes, with a lower M1/M2 ratio correlating with worse prognosis. Here, we investigated the effect of macrophage polarization on anti-CD47 antibody-mediated phagocytosis of human glioblastoma cells in vitro, as well as the effect of anti-CD47 on the distribution of M1 versus M2 macrophages within human glioblastoma cells grown in mouse xenografts. Bone marrow-derived mouse macrophages and peripheral blood-derived human macrophages were polarized in vitro toward M1 or M2 phenotypes and verified by flow cytometry. Primary human glioblastoma cell lines were offered as targets to mouse and human M1 or M2 polarized macrophages in vitro. The addition of an anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody led to enhanced tumor-cell phagocytosis by mouse and human M1 and M2 macrophages. In both cases, the anti-CD47-induced phagocytosis by M1 was more prominent than that for M2. Dissected tumors from human glioblastoma xenografted within NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice and treated with anti-CD47 showed a significant increase of M1 macrophages within the tumor. These data show that anti-CD47 treatment leads to enhanced tumor cell phagocytosis by both M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes with a higher phagocytosis rate by M1 macrophages. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that anti-CD47 treatment alone can shift the phenotype of macrophages toward the M1 subtype in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Gregor Hutter
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Suzana A. Kahn
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Tej D. Azad
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Sharareh Gholamin
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Chelsea Y. Xu
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Achal S. Achrol
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Chase Richard
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Pia Sommerkamp
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew Kenneth Schoen
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Melissa N. McCracken
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Ravi Majeti
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Irving Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Siddhartha S. Mitra
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SHC); (SSM)
| | - Samuel H. Cheshier
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SHC); (SSM)
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Serum biomarkers VEGF-C and IL-6 are associated with severe human Peripheral Artery Stenosis. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2015; 12:50. [PMID: 26283889 PMCID: PMC4538759 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-015-0095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging reports propose possible biomarkers that are related to inflammation, nutrition and lipid parameters for detection of the progression of atherosclerotic plaques, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and particularly peripheral artery stenosis (PAS). However, it remains unclear which biomarkers in serum are associated with the severity of PAS. FINDINGS In this study, we measured serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers along with lipid and nutritional parameters in 53 patients who suffered different degrees of PAS. Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) and IL-6 (Interleukin 6) were significantly increased in patients showing moderate or severe PAS. Furthermore, the number of blood monocytes from PAS patients was significantly increased, which showed elevated adhesion to plate-coated fibrinogen. Compared to healthy subjects, freshly isolated or LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated blood monocytes from PAS patients could produce VEGF-C and IL-6 at higher levels. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the increased number of blood monocytes might play key roles during the development of severe PAS, which enhance adhesion at the local narrowed peripheral artery and secret high levels of VEGF-C and IL-6. We suggest that serum concentrations of VEGF-C and IL-6 might be used as biomarkers for diagnosis severe PAS in combination with clinical imaging examination.
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Regulation of Phagocyte Migration by Signal Regulatory Protein-Alpha Signaling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127178. [PMID: 26057870 PMCID: PMC4461249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling through the inhibitory receptor signal regulatory protein-alpha (SIRPα) controls effector functions in phagocytes. However, there are also indications that interactions between SIRPα and its ligand CD47 are involved in phagocyte transendothelial migration. We have investigated the involvement of SIRPα signaling in phagocyte migration in vitro and in vivo using mice that lack the SIRPα cytoplasmic tail. During thioglycolate-induced peritonitis in SIRPα mutant mice, both neutrophil and macrophage influx were found to occur, but to be significantly delayed. SIRPα signaling appeared to be essential for an optimal transendothelial migration and chemotaxis, and for the amoeboid type of phagocyte migration in 3-dimensional environments. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, that SIRPα signaling can directly control phagocyte migration, and this may contribute to the impaired inflammatory phenotype that has been observed in the absence of SIRPα signaling.
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Sleptsov AA, Nazarenko MS, Lebedev IN, Skryabin NA, Frolov AV, Popov VA, Barbarash OL, Barbarash LS, Puzyrev VP. Somatic genome variations in vascular tissues and peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with atherosclerosis. RUSS J GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795414080080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Reindel R, Bischof J, Kim KYA, Orenstein JM, Soares MB, Baker SC, Shulman ST, Perlman EJ, Lingen MW, Pink AJ, Trevenen C, Rowley AH. CD84 is markedly up-regulated in Kawasaki disease arteriopathy. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:203-11. [PMID: 24635044 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The major goals of Kawasaki disease (KD) therapy are to reduce inflammation and prevent thrombosis in the coronary arteries (CA), but some children do not respond to currently available non-specific therapies. New treatments have been difficult to develop because the molecular pathogenesis is unknown. In order to identify dysregulated gene expression in KD CA, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing on KD and control CA, validated potentially dysregulated genes by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and localized protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Signalling lymphocyte activation molecule CD84 was up-regulated 16-fold (P < 0·01) in acute KD CA (within 2 months of onset) and 32-fold (P < 0·01) in chronic CA (5 months to years after onset). CD84 was localized to inflammatory cells in KD tissues. Genes associated with cellular proliferation, motility and survival were also up-regulated in KD CA, and immune activation molecules MX2 and SP140 were up-regulated in chronic KD. CD84, which facilitates immune responses and stabilizes platelet aggregates, is markedly up-regulated in KD CA in patients with acute and chronic arterial disease. We provide the first molecular evidence of dysregulated inflammatory responses persisting for months to years in CA significantly damaged by KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reindel
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, USA
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34
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Tanabe Y, Shiota A, Kouroku-Murakami Y, Fujita-Jimbo E, Urase K, Takahashi K, Mezaki Y, Senoo H, Momoi T. Spatial and temporal expression of RA70/Scap2 in the developing neural tube. Neurosci Lett 2014; 576:1-5. [PMID: 24846415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (Ra70/scap2), which was originally isolated as a retinoic acid (RA)-induced gene, associates with molecules that modulate integrin-survival signals. Although RA is essential for vertebrate organogenesis in the posterior region, little is known about the biological role of RA70/Scap2 during development. In the present study, we demonstrate that Ra70/scap2 mRNA is temporally expressed during the RA-induced neuronal differentiation of P19 embryonic carcinoma cells. Homozygous knockout mice in which the Ra70/scap2 gene was replaced with LacZ exhibited embryonic lethality, while heterozygous mice displayed preferential expression of LacZ in posterior neural tissues, including the neural tube and hindbrain during development (E7.5-11.5), but not the forebrain. Ra70/scap2 was expressed in the ependymal layer and ventricular zone in the neural tube, where neuroepithelial cells and neuroblasts with proliferation capacity are localized, respectively. Thus, RA70/Scap2 may be necessary for RA-induced neuronal differentiation from the posterior neuroectoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tanabe
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Shiota
- PhoenixBio, Ltd., Iwazo, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoriko Kouroku-Murakami
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko Fujita-Jimbo
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koko Urase
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Takahashi
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Mezaki
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan
| | - Haruki Senoo
- Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan
| | - Takashi Momoi
- Center for Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan.
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35
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Rolán HG, Durand EA, Mecsas J. Identifying Yersinia YopH-targeted signal transduction pathways that impair neutrophil responses during in vivo murine infection. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 14:306-17. [PMID: 24034616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Identifying molecular targets of Yersinia virulence effectors, or Yops, during animal infection is challenging because few cells are targeted by Yops in an infected organ, and isolating these sparse effector-containing cells is difficult. YopH, a tyrosine phosphatase, is essential for full virulence of Yersinia. Investigating the YopH-targeted signal transduction pathway(s) in neutrophils during infection of a murine host, we find that several host proteins, including the essential signaling adaptor SLP-76, are dephosphorylated in the presence of YopH in neutrophils isolated from infected tissues. YopH inactivated PRAM-1/SKAP-HOM and the SLP-76/Vav/PLCγ2 signal transduction axes, leading to an inhibition of calcium response in isolated neutrophils. Consistent with a failure to mount a calcium response, IL-10 production was reduced in neutrophils containing YopH from infected tissues. Finally, a yopH mutant survived better in the absence of neutrophils, indicating that neutrophil inactivation by YopH by targeting PRAM-1/SKAP-HOM and SLP-76/Vav/PLCγ2 signaling hubs may be critical for Yersinia survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hortensia G Rolán
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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36
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Barclay AN, van den Berg TK. The Interaction Between Signal Regulatory Protein Alpha (SIRPα) and CD47: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Target. Annu Rev Immunol 2014; 32:25-50. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Neil Barclay
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK;
| | - Timo K. van den Berg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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37
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Ayoub E, Hall A, Scott AM, Chagnon MJ, Miquel G, Hallé M, Noda M, Bikfalvi A, Tremblay ML. Regulation of the Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 55 homologue by the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-PEST in the control of cell motility. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25739-25748. [PMID: 23897807 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.501007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PTP-PEST is a cytosolic ubiquitous protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that contains, in addition to its catalytic domain, several protein-protein interaction domains that allow it to interface with several signaling pathways. Among others, PTP-PEST is a key regulator of cellular motility and cytoskeleton dynamics. The complexity of the PTP-PEST interactome underscores the necessity to identify its interacting partners and physiological substrates in order to further understand its role in focal adhesion complex turnover and actin organization. Using a modified yeast substrate trapping two-hybrid system, we identified a cytosolic adaptor protein named Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 55 homologue (SKAP-Hom) as a novel substrate of PTP-PEST. To confirm PTP-PEST interaction with SKAP-Hom, in vitro pull down assays were performed demonstrating that the PTP catalytic domain and Proline-rich 1 (P1) domain are respectively binding to the SKAP-Hom Y260 and Y297 residues and its SH3 domain. Subsequently, we generated and rescued SKAP-Hom-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with WT SKAP-Hom, SKAP-Hom tyrosine mutants (Y260F, Y260F/Y297F), or SKAP-Hom SH3 domain mutant (W335K). Given the role of PTP-PEST, wound-healing and trans-well migration assays were performed using the generated lines. Indeed, SKAP-Hom-deficient MEFs showed a defect in migration compared with WT-rescued MEFs. Interestingly, the SH3 domain mutant-rescued MEFs showed an enhanced cell migration corresponding potentially with higher tyrosine phosphorylation levels of SKAP-Hom. These findings suggest a novel role of SKAP-Hom and its phosphorylation in the regulation of cellular motility. Moreover, these results open new avenues by which PTP-PEST regulates cellular migration, a hallmark of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ayoub
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anita Hall
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Adam M Scott
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Mélanie J Chagnon
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Géraldine Miquel
- INSERM U1029 and; Université Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33 405 Talence, France
| | - Maxime Hallé
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Masaharu Noda
- the Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan, and
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- INSERM U1029 and; Université Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, 33 405 Talence, France
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- From the Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada,.
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