1
|
Tsujimoto K, Jo T, Nagira D, Konaka H, Park JH, Yoshimura S, Ninomiya A, Sugihara F, Hirayama T, Itotagawa E, Matsuzaki Y, Takaichi Y, Aoki W, Saita S, Nakamura S, Ballabio A, Nada S, Okada M, Takamatsu H, Kumanogoh A. The lysosomal Ragulator complex activates NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo via HDAC6. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111389. [PMID: 36444797 PMCID: PMC9811619 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is spatiotemporally orchestrated by various organelles, but whether lysosomes contribute to this process remains unclear. Here, we show the vital role of the lysosomal membrane-tethered Ragulator complex in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Deficiency of Lamtor1, an essential component of the Ragulator complex, abrogated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in murine macrophages and human monocytic cells. Myeloid-specific Lamtor1-deficient mice showed marked attenuation of NLRP3-associated inflammatory disease severity, including LPS-induced sepsis, alum-induced peritonitis, and monosodium urate (MSU)-induced arthritis. Mechanistically, Lamtor1 interacted with both NLRP3 and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). HDAC6 enhances the interaction between Lamtor1 and NLRP3, resulting in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. DL-all-rac-α-tocopherol, a synthetic form of vitamin E, inhibited the Lamtor1-HDAC6 interaction, resulting in diminished NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Further, DL-all-rac-α-tocopherol alleviated acute gouty arthritis and MSU-induced peritonitis. These results provide novel insights into the role of lysosomes in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by the Ragulator complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Tsujimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsunori Jo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Daiki Nagira
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Hachiro Konaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Jeong Hoon Park
- Department of Internal MedicineDaini Osaka Police HospitalOsakaJapan
| | | | - Akinori Ninomiya
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Fuminori Sugihara
- Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Takehiro Hirayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Eri Itotagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Yusei Matsuzaki
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Yuki Takaichi
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Wataru Aoki
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shotaro Saita
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Co‐Creation StudiesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM), School for Advanced StudiesFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- The Japan Science and Technology – Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JST–CREST)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTIR)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD)Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan
- Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER)Osaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Eming SA, Ding X. Role of mTOR Signaling Cascade in Epidermal Morphogenesis and Skin Barrier Formation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060931. [PMID: 35741452 PMCID: PMC9220260 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The skin epidermis is a stratified multilayered epithelium that provides a life-sustaining protective and defensive barrier for our body. The barrier machinery is established and maintained through a tightly regulated keratinocyte differentiation program. Under normal conditions, the basal layer keratinocytes undergo active proliferation and migration upward, differentiating into the suprabasal layer cells. Perturbation of the epidermal differentiation program often results in skin barrier defects and inflammatory skin disorders. The protein kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the central hub of cell growth, metabolism and nutrient signaling. Over the past several years, we and others using transgenic mouse models have unraveled that mTOR signaling is critical for epidermal differentiation and barrier formation. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that disturbed activation of mTOR signaling is significantly implicated in the development of various skin diseases. In this review, we focus on the formation of skin barrier and discuss the current understanding on how mTOR signaling networks, including upstream inputs, kinases and downstream effectors, regulate epidermal differentiation and skin barrier formation. We hope this review will help us better understand the metabolic signaling in the epidermis, which may open new vistas for epidermal barrier defect-associated disease therapy. Abstract The skin epidermis, with its capacity for lifelong self-renewal and rapid repairing response upon injury, must maintain an active status in metabolism. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is a central controller of cellular growth and metabolism that coordinates diverse physiological and pathological processes in a variety of tissues and organs. Recent evidence with genetic mouse models highlights an essential role of the mTOR signaling network in epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in understanding how mTOR signaling networks, including upstream inputs, kinases and downstream effectors, regulate epidermal morphogenesis and skin barrier formation. Understanding the details of the metabolic signaling will be critical for the development of novel pharmacological approaches to promote skin barrier regeneration and to treat epidermal barrier defect-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China;
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sabine A. Eming
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, Developmental Biology Unit, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.A.E.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-137-6457-1130 (X.D.)
| | - Xiaolei Ding
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China;
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.A.E.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-137-6457-1130 (X.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The lysosomal Ragulator complex plays an essential role in leukocyte trafficking by activating myosin II. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3333. [PMID: 34099704 PMCID: PMC8184920 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are involved in nutrient sensing via the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). mTORC1 is tethered to lysosomes by the Ragulator complex, a heteropentamer in which Lamtor1 wraps around Lamtor2–5. Although the Ragulator complex is required for cell migration, the mechanisms by which it participates in cell motility remain unknown. Here, we show that lysosomes move to the uropod in motile cells, providing the platform where Lamtor1 interacts with the myosin phosphatase Rho-interacting protein (MPRIP) independently of mTORC1 and interferes with the interaction between MPRIP and MYPT1, a subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), thereby increasing myosin II–mediated actomyosin contraction. Additionally, formation of the complete Ragulator complex is required for leukocyte migration and pathophysiological immune responses. Together, our findings demonstrate that the lysosomal Ragulator complex plays an essential role in leukocyte migration by activating myosin II through interacting with MPRIP. Myosin II–mediated contractility is required for leukocyte migration. Here, authors show that lysosomes are involved in leukocyte migration by providing the platform where Ragulator complex interacts with the myosin phosphatase Rho-interacting protein (MPRIP) independently of mTORC1 and interferes with the interaction between MPRIP and a subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP).
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang W, Zhuang N, Liu X, He L, He Y, Mahinthichaichan P, Zhang H, Kang Y, Lu Y, Wu Q, Xu D, Shi L. The metabolic regulator Lamtor5 suppresses inflammatory signaling via regulating mTOR-mediated TLR4 degradation. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17:1063-1076. [PMID: 31467416 PMCID: PMC7608472 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive immune responses are essential for eliminating pathogens but must be tightly controlled to avoid sustained immune activation and potential tissue damage. The engagement of TLR4, a canonical pattern recognition receptor, has been proposed to trigger inflammatory responses with different magnitudes and durations depending on TLR4 cellular compartmentalization. In the present study, we identify an unexpected role of Lamtor5, a newly identified component of the amino acid-sensing machinery, in modulating TLR4 signaling and controlling inflammation. Specifically, Lamtor5 associated with TLR4 via their LZ/TIR domains and facilitated their colocalization at autolysosomes, preventing lysosomal tethering and the activation of mTORC1 upon LPS stimulation and thereby derepressing TFEB to promote autophagic degradation of TLR4. The loss of Lamtor5 was unable to trigger the TFEB-driven autolysosomal pathway and delay degradation of TLR4, leading to sustained inflammation and hence increased mortality among Lamtor5 haploinsufficient mice during endotoxic shock. Intriguingly, nutrient deprivation, particularly leucine deprivation, blunted inflammatory signaling and conferred protection to endotoxic mice. This effect, however, was largely abrogated upon Lamtor5 deletion. We thus propose a homeostatic function of Lamtor5 that couples pathogenic insults and nutrient availability to optimize the inflammatory response; this function may have implications for TLR4-associated inflammatory and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningtong Zhuang
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Hang Zhang
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- The College of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, 200025, Shanghai, China
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China.
- Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310036, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nowosad A, Jeannot P, Callot C, Creff J, Perchey RT, Joffre C, Codogno P, Manenti S, Besson A. p27 controls Ragulator and mTOR activity in amino acid-deprived cells to regulate the autophagy-lysosomal pathway and coordinate cell cycle and cell growth. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1076-1090. [PMID: 32807902 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process whereby cytoplasmic components are degraded within lysosomes, allowing cells to maintain energy homeostasis during nutrient depletion. Several studies reported that the CDK inhibitor p27Kip1 promotes starvation-induced autophagy by an unknown mechanism. Here we find that p27 controls autophagy via an mTORC1-dependent mechanism in amino acid-deprived cells. During prolonged starvation, a fraction of p27 is recruited to lysosomes, where it interacts with LAMTOR1, a component of the Ragulator complex required for mTORC1 activation. Binding of p27 to LAMTOR1 prevents Ragulator assembly and mTORC1 activation, promoting autophagy. Conversely, p27-/- cells exhibit elevated mTORC1 signalling as well as impaired lysosomal activity and autophagy. This is associated with cytoplasmic sequestration of TFEB, preventing induction of the lysosomal genes required for lysosome function. LAMTOR1 silencing or mTOR inhibition restores autophagy and induces apoptosis in p27-/- cells. Together, these results reveal a direct coordinated regulation between the cell cycle and cell growth machineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ada Nowosad
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pauline Jeannot
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Callot
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Creff
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Renaud Thierry Perchey
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Carine Joffre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Codogno
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Manenti
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Besson
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Block MR, Brunner M, Ziegelmeyer T, Lallemand D, Pezet M, Chevalier G, Rondé P, Gauthier-Rouviere C, Wehrle-Haller B, Bouvard D. The mechano-sensitive response of β1 integrin promotes SRC-positive late endosome recycling and activation of Yes-associated protein. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13474-13487. [PMID: 32690605 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling has emerged as a crucial pathway in several normal and pathological processes. Although the main upstream effectors that regulate its activity have been extensively studied, the role of the endosomal system has been far less characterized. Here, we identified the late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor MAPK and mTOR activator (LAMTOR) complex as an important regulator of YAP signaling in a preosteoblast cell line. We found that p18/LAMTOR1-mediated peripheral positioning of late endosomes allows delivery of SRC proto-oncogene, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (SRC) to the plasma membrane and promotes activation of an SRC-dependent signaling cascade that controls YAP nuclear shuttling. Moreover, β1 integrin engagement and mechano-sensitive cues, such as external stiffness and related cell contractility, controlled LAMTOR targeting to the cell periphery and thereby late endosome recycling and had a major impact on YAP signaling. Our findings identify the late endosome recycling pathway as a key mechanism that controls YAP activity and explains YAP mechano-sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Block
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Molly Brunner
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Théo Ziegelmeyer
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Mylène Pezet
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Genevieve Chevalier
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Philippe Rondé
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cécile Gauthier-Rouviere
- Montpellier Cell Biology Research Center (CRBM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Bouvard
- Institute for Advanced Bioscience, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France; Institut National de la Santé et la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U1209, La Tronche, France; CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Araujo MEG, Liebscher G, Hess MW, Huber LA. Lysosomal size matters. Traffic 2019; 21:60-75. [PMID: 31808235 PMCID: PMC6972631 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are key cellular catabolic centers that also perform fundamental metabolic, signaling and quality control functions. Lysosomes are not static and they respond dynamically to intra‐ and extracellular stimuli triggering changes in organelle numbers, size and position. Such physical changes have a strong impact on lysosomal activity ultimately influencing cellular homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on lysosomal size regulation, on its physiological role(s) and association to several disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana E G de Araujo
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gudrun Liebscher
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael W Hess
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas A Huber
- Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Austrian Drug Screening Institute, ADSI, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gan L, Seki A, Shen K, Iyer H, Han K, Hayer A, Wollman R, Ge X, Lin JR, Dey G, Talbot WS, Meyer T. The lysosomal GPCR-like protein GPR137B regulates Rag and mTORC1 localization and activity. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:614-626. [PMID: 31036939 PMCID: PMC6649673 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell growth is controlled by a lysosomal signaling complex containing Rag small GTPases and mTORC1 kinase. Here we carried out a microscopy-based genome-wide human siRNA screen and discovered a lysosome-localized G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-like protein, GPR137B, that interacts with Rag GTPases, increases Rag localization and activity, and thereby regulates mTORC1 translocation and activity. High GPR137B expression can recruit and activate mTORC1 in the absence of amino acids. Furthermore, GPR137B also regulates the dissociation of activated Rag from lysosomes, suggesting that GPR137B controls a cycle of Rag activation and dissociation from lysosomes. GPR137B knockout cells exhibited defective autophagy and an expanded lysosome compartment, similar to Rag knockout cells. Like zebrafish RagA mutants, GPR137B mutant zebrafish had upregulated TFEB target gene expression and an expanded lysosome compartment in microglia. Thus, GPR137B is a GPCR-like lysosomal regulatory protein that controls dynamic Rag and mTORC1 localization and activity as well as lysosome morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Akiko Seki
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kimberle Shen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Harini Iyer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyuho Han
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Arnold Hayer
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roy Wollman
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuecai Ge
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jerry R Lin
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gautam Dey
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - William S Talbot
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin C, Nozawa T, Minowa‐Nozawa A, Toh H, Aikawa C, Nakagawa I. LAMTOR2/LAMTOR1 complex is required for TAX1BP1‐mediated xenophagy. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e12981. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching‐Yu Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Takashi Nozawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsuko Minowa‐Nozawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hirotaka Toh
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Chihiro Aikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jedrych JJ, Duraisamy S, Karunamurthy A. Aneurysmal fibrous histiocytomas with recurrent rearrangement of the PRKCD gene and LAMTOR1-PRKCD fusions. J Cutan Pathol 2018; 45:966-968. [PMID: 30094855 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw J Jedrych
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sekhar Duraisamy
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arivarasan Karunamurthy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Suryawan A, Davis TA. Amino Acid- and Insulin-Induced Activation of mTORC1 in Neonatal Piglet Skeletal Muscle Involves Sestin2-GATOR2, Rag A/C-mTOR, and RHEB-mTOR Complex Formation. J Nutr 2018; 148:825-833. [PMID: 29796625 PMCID: PMC6669959 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Feeding stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonates and this response is regulated through activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). The identity of signaling components that regulate mTORC1 activation in neonatal muscle has not been fully elucidated. Objective We investigated the independent effects of the rise in amino acids (AAs) and insulin after a meal on the abundance and activation of potential regulators of mTORC1 in muscle and whether the responses are modified by development. Methods Overnight-fasted 6- and 26-d-old pigs were infused for 2 h with saline (control group) or with a balanced AA mixture (AA group) or insulin (INS group) to achieve fed levels while insulin or AAs, respectively, and glucose were maintained at fasting levels. Muscles were analyzed for potential mTORC1 regulatory mechanisms and results were analyzed by 2-factor ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results The abundances of DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein (DEPTOR), growth factor receptor bound protein 10 (GRB10), and regulated in development and DNA damage response 2 (REDD2) were lower (65%, 73%, and 53%, respectively; P < 0.05) and late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor, MAPK and mTOR activator 1/2 (LAMTOR1/2), vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), and Sestrin2 were higher (94%, 141%, 145%, and 127%, respectively; P < 0.05) in 6- than in 26-d-old pigs. Both AA and INS groups increased phosphorylation of GRB10 (P < 0.05) compared with control in 26- but not in 6-d-old pigs. Formation of Ras-related GTP-binding protein A (RagA)-mTOR, RagC-mTOR, and Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB)-mTOR complexes was increased (P < 0.05) and Sestrin2-GTPase activating protein activity towards Rags 2 (GATOR2) complex was decreased (P < 0.05) by both AA and INS groups and these responses were greater (P < 0.05) in 6- than in 26-d-old pigs. Conclusion The results suggest that formation of RagA-mTOR, RagC-mTOR, RHEB-mTOR, and Sestrin2-GATOR2 complexes may be involved in the AA- and INS-induced activation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle of neonates after a meal and that enhanced activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway in neonatal muscle is in part due to regulation by DEPTOR, GRB10, REDD2, LAMTOR1/2, V-ATPase, and Sestrin2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agus Suryawan
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Teresa A Davis
- US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX,Address correspondence to TAD (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hayama Y, Kimura T, Takeda Y, Nada S, Koyama S, Takamatsu H, Kang S, Ito D, Maeda Y, Nishide M, Nojima S, Sarashina-Kida H, Hosokawa T, Kinehara Y, Kato Y, Nakatani T, Nakanishi Y, Tsuda T, Koba T, Okada M, Kumanogoh A. Lysosomal Protein Lamtor1 Controls Innate Immune Responses via Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor EB. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3790-3800. [PMID: 29686050 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid metabolism plays important roles in innate immune cells, including macrophages. Recently, we reported that a lysosomal adaptor protein, Lamtor1, which serves as the scaffold for amino acid-activated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), is critical for the polarization of M2 macrophages. However, little is known about how Lamtor1 affects the inflammatory responses that are triggered by the stimuli for TLRs. In this article, we show that Lamtor1 controls innate immune responses by regulating the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), which has been known as the master regulator for lysosome and autophagosome biogenesis. Furthermore, we show that nuclear translocation of TFEB occurs in alveolar macrophages of myeloid-specific Lamtor1 conditional knockout mice and that these mice are hypersensitive to intratracheal administration of LPS and bleomycin. Our observation clarified that the amino acid-sensing pathway consisting of Lamtor1, mTORC1, and TFEB is involved in the regulation of innate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitomo Hayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; .,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shohei Koyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Sujin Kang
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yohei Maeda
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Masayuki Nishide
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nojima
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hana Sarashina-Kida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Hosokawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kinehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakatani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Nakanishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuda
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Taro Koba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; .,Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gumus E, Sari I, Yilmaz M, Cetin A. Investigation of LAMTOR1 gene and protein expressions in germinal vesicle and metaphase II oocytes and embryos from 1-cell to blastocyst stage in a mouse model. Gene Expr Patterns 2018; 28:72-76. [PMID: 29510224 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Improving the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and infertility treatment depend on understanding basic cellular and molecular mechanisms of human preimplantation development. Pre-implantation mouse embryo model is an ideal empiric system to understand these mechanisms. This study was aimed to investigate the gene and protein expressions of LAMTOR1 in mouse oocytes and pre-implantation embryos at different developmental stages. The findings demonstrate that LAMTOR1 was detected in the oocytes and in subsequent all stages of embryo development. The expression was increased progressively from MII-stage oocyte to morula stage embryo (p < 0.05), highest expression was identified in morula stage (p < 0.05), and decreased in blastocyst stage (p < 0.05). Immunofluorescence analysis showed outer and inner nuclear membranes and cytoplasmic subcellular localizations of LAMTOR1 in oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. The LAMTOR1 immunoexpression was gradually increased from MII oocyte and the highest level was detected at the morula stage of embryo development (p < 0.05). The lowest LAMTOR1 immunoexpression was detected at GV-stage oocyte (p < 0.05) and no clear difference in M2 oocyte, I-cell, 2-cell, and blastocyst stage embryos. In conclusion, both the mRNA and protein levels of LAMTOR1 increase progressively in cleavage-stage mouse embryos. LAMTOR1 has a significant higher embryonic expression at 2-cell to morula stage. LAMTOR1 may play a role in the oogenesis process and probably required for further developmental stages and it may play a possible role in the process of compaction and cavitation in mice. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the LAMTOR1 expression especially in the different stages of embryonal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Gumus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Sari
- Department of Biochemistry, Nigde Omer Halis Demir University Faculty of Medicine, 51240, Nigde, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Cetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li L, Chen X, Gu H. The signaling involved in autophagy machinery in keratinocytes and therapeutic approaches for skin diseases. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50682-50697. [PMID: 27191982 PMCID: PMC5226613 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is responsible for the lysosomal degradation of proteins, organelles, microorganisms and exogenous particles. Epidermis primarily consists of keratinocytes which functions as an extremely important barrier. Investigation on autophagy in keratinocytes has been continuously renewing, but is not so systematic due to the complexity of the autophagy machinery. Here we reviewed recent studies on the autophagy in keratinocyte with a focus on interplay between autophagy machinery and keratinocytes biology, and novel autophagy regulators identified in keratinocytes. In this review, we discussed the roles of autophagy in apoptosis, differentiation, immune response, survival and melanin metabolism, trying to reveal the possible involvement of autophagy in skin aging, skin disorders and skin color formation. Since autophagy routinely plays a double-edged sword role in various conditions, its functions in skin homeostasis and potential application as a therapeutic target for skin diseases remains to be clarified. Furthermore, more investigations are needed on optimizing designed strategies to inhibit or enhance autophagy for clinical efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Gu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yonehara R, Nada S, Nakai T, Nakai M, Kitamura A, Ogawa A, Nakatsumi H, Nakayama KI, Li S, Standley DM, Yamashita E, Nakagawa A, Okada M. Structural basis for the assembly of the Ragulator-Rag GTPase complex. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1625. [PMID: 29158492 PMCID: PMC5696360 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a central role in regulating cell growth and metabolism by responding to cellular nutrient conditions. The activity of mTORC1 is controlled by Rag GTPases, which are anchored to lysosomes via Ragulator, a pentameric protein complex consisting of membrane-anchored p18/LAMTOR1 and two roadblock heterodimers. Here we report the crystal structure of Ragulator in complex with the roadblock domains of RagA-C, which helps to elucidate the molecular basis for the regulation of Rag GTPases. In the structure, p18 wraps around the three pairs of roadblock heterodimers to tandemly assemble them onto lysosomes. Cellular and in vitro analyses further demonstrate that p18 is required for Ragulator-Rag GTPase assembly and amino acid-dependent activation of mTORC1. These results establish p18 as a critical organizing scaffold for the Ragulator-Rag GTPase complex, which may provide a platform for nutrient sensing on lysosomes. mTORC1 activity is controlled through Rag GTPases, which are anchored to the lysosome through the Ragulator. Here, the authors give molecular insights into Ragulator-Rag GTPase assembly and present the crystal structures of the Ragulator alone and in complex with the RagA-C roadblock domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yonehara
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Nakai
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakai
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kitamura
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Ogawa
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nakatsumi
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-0054, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-0054, Japan
| | - Songling Li
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hosokawa T, Kimura T, Nada S, Okuno T, Ito D, Kang S, Nojima S, Yamashita K, Nakatani T, Hayama Y, Kato Y, Kinehara Y, Nishide M, Mikami N, Koyama S, Takamatsu H, Okuzaki D, Ohkura N, Sakaguchi S, Okada M, Kumanogoh A. Lamtor1 Is Critically Required for CD4 + T Cell Proliferation and Regulatory T Cell Suppressive Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:2008-2019. [PMID: 28768723 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)1 integrates intracellular sufficiency of nutrients and regulates various cellular functions. Previous studies using mice with conditional knockout of mTORC1 component proteins (i.e., mTOR, Raptor, and Rheb) gave conflicting results on the roles of mTORC1 in CD4+ T cells. Lamtor1 is the protein that is required for amino acid sensing and activation of mTORC1; however, the roles of Lamtor1 in T cells have not been investigated. In this article, we show that Lamtor1-deficient CD4+ T cells exhibited marked reductions in proliferation, IL-2 production, mTORC1 activity, and expression of purine- and lipid-synthesis genes. Polarization of Th17 cells, but not Th1 and Th2 cells, diminished following the loss of Lamtor1. Accordingly, CD4-Cre-driven Lamtor1-knockout mice exhibited reduced numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at rest, and they were completely resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In contrast, genetic ablation of Lamtor1 in Foxp3+ T cells resulted in severe autoimmunity and premature death. Lamtor1-deficient regulatory T cells survived ex vivo as long as wild-type regulatory T cells; however, they exhibited a marked loss of suppressive function and expression of signature molecules, such as CTLA-4. These results indicate that Lamtor1 plays essential roles in CD4+ T cells. Our data suggest that Lamtor1 should be considered a novel therapeutic target in immune systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hosokawa
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kimura
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.,Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsusada Okuno
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Sujin Kang
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nojima
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakatani
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Hayama
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kinehara
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nishide
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Norihisa Mikami
- Department of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Syohei Koyama
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- DNA-Chip Development Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naganari Ohkura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; and
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; .,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development - Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li X, Gao M, Choi JM, Kim BJ, Zhou MT, Chen Z, Jain AN, Jung SY, Yuan J, Wang W, Wang Y, Chen J. Clustered, Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-coupled Affinity Purification/Mass Spectrometry Analysis Revealed a Novel Role of Neurofibromin in mTOR Signaling. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:594-607. [PMID: 28174230 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.064543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromin (NF1) is a well known tumor suppressor that is commonly mutated in cancer patients. It physically interacts with RAS and negatively regulates RAS GTPase activity. Despite the importance of NF1 in cancer, a high quality endogenous NF1 interactome has yet to be established. In this study, we combined clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated gene knock-out technology with affinity purification using antibodies against endogenous proteins, followed by mass spectrometry analysis, to sensitively and accurately detect NF1 protein-protein interactions in unaltered in vivo settings. Using this system, we analyzed endogenous NF1-associated protein complexes and identified 49 high-confidence candidate interaction proteins, including RAS and other functionally relevant proteins. Through functional validation, we found that NF1 negatively regulates mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling (mTOR) in a LAMTOR1-dependent manner. In addition, the cell growth and survival of NF1-deficient cells have become dependent on hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway, and the tumorigenic properties of these cells have become dependent on LAMTOR1. Taken together, our findings may provide novel insights into therapeutic approaches targeting NF1-deficient tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- From the ‡Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Min Gao
- From the ‡Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jong Min Choi
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Beom-Jun Kim
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mao-Tian Zhou
- From the ‡Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zhen Chen
- From the ‡Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Antrix N Jain
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- **Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Wenqi Wang
- ‡‡Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Yi Wang
- ‖Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030;
| | - Junjie Chen
- From the ‡Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kimura T, Nada S, Takegahara N, Okuno T, Nojima S, Kang S, Ito D, Morimoto K, Hosokawa T, Hayama Y, Mitsui Y, Sakurai N, Sarashina-Kida H, Nishide M, Maeda Y, Takamatsu H, Okuzaki D, Yamada M, Okada M, Kumanogoh A. Polarization of M2 macrophages requires Lamtor1 that integrates cytokine and amino-acid signals. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13130. [PMID: 27731330 PMCID: PMC5064021 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play crucial roles in host defence and tissue homoeostasis, processes in which both environmental stimuli and intracellularly generated metabolites influence activation of macrophages. Activated macrophages are classified into M1 and M2 macrophages. It remains unclear how intracellular nutrition sufficiency, especially for amino acid, influences on macrophage activation. Here we show that a lysosomal adaptor protein Lamtor1, which forms an amino-acid sensing complex with lysosomal vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase), and is the scaffold for amino acid-activated mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1), is critically required for M2 polarization. Lamtor1 deficiency, amino-acid starvation, or inhibition of v-ATPase and mTOR result in defective M2 polarization and enhanced M1 polarization. Furthermore, we identified liver X receptor (LXR) as the downstream target of Lamtor1 and mTORC1. Production of 25-hydroxycholesterol is dependent on Lamtor1 and mTORC1. Our findings demonstrate that Lamtor1 plays an essential role in M2 polarization, coupling immunity and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kimura
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-1, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriko Takegahara
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tatsusada Okuno
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nojima
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sujin Kang
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Keiko Morimoto
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Takashi Hosokawa
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Hayama
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Yuichi Mitsui
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Natsuki Sakurai
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hana Sarashina-Kida
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nishide
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Yohei Maeda
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- DNA-chip Development Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Yamadaoka 3-1, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamada
- Global Application Development Center, Analytical and Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-1, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Gobancho 7, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Internalization of a novel, huge lectin from Ibacus novemdentatus (slipper lobster) induces apoptosis of mammalian cancer cells. Glycoconj J 2016; 34:85-94. [PMID: 27658397 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9731-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An N-acetyl sugar-binding lectin (termed iNoL) displaying cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells was isolated from the slipper lobster Ibacus novemdentatus (family Scyllaridae). iNoL recognized monosaccharides containing N-acetyl group, and glycoproteins (e.g., BSM) containing oligosaccharides with N-acetyl sugar. iNoL was composed of five subunits (330, 260, 200, 140, and 30 kDa), which in turn consisted of 70-, 40-, and 30-kDa polypeptides held together by disulfide bonds. Electron microscopic observations and gel permeation chromatography indicated that iNoL was a huge (500-kDa) molecule and had a polygonal structure under physiological conditions. iNoL displayed cytotoxic (apoptotic) effects against human cancer cell lines MCF7 and T47D (breast), HeLa (ovarian), and Caco2 (colonic), through incorporation (internalization) into cells. The lectin was transported into lysosomes via endosomes. Its cytotoxic effect and incorporation into cells were inhibited by the co-presence of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc). Treatment of HeLa cells with iNoL resulted in DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation, through activation of caspase-9 and -3. In summary, the novel crustacean lectin iNoL is incorporated into mammalian cancer cells through glycoconjugate interaction, and has cytotoxic (apoptotic) effects.
Collapse
|
20
|
Akinduro O, Sully K, Patel A, Robinson DJ, Chikh A, McPhail G, Braun KM, Philpott MP, Harwood CA, Byrne C, O'Shaughnessy RFL, Bergamaschi D. Constitutive Autophagy and Nucleophagy during Epidermal Differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1460-1470. [PMID: 27021405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes migrate through the epidermis up to the granular layer where, on terminal differentiation, they progressively lose organelles and convert into anucleate cells or corneocytes. Our report explores the role of autophagy in ensuring epidermal function providing the first comprehensive profile of autophagy marker expression in developing epidermis. We show that autophagy is constitutively active in the epidermal granular layer where by electron microscopy we identified double-membrane autophagosomes. We demonstrate that differentiating keratinocytes undergo a selective form of nucleophagy characterized by accumulation of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3/lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2/p62 positive autolysosomes. These perinuclear vesicles displayed positivity for histone interacting protein, heterochromatin protein 1α, and localize in proximity with Lamin A and B1 accumulation, whereas in newborn mice and adult human skin, we report LC3 puncta coincident with misshaped nuclei within the granular layer. This process relies on autophagy integrity as confirmed by lack of nucleophagy in differentiating keratinocytes depleted from WD repeat domain phosphoinositide interacting 1 or Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1. Final validation into a skin disease model showed that impaired autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Lack of LC3 expression in psoriatic skin lesions correlates with parakeratosis and deregulated expression or location of most of the autophagic markers. Our findings may have implications and improve treatment options for patients with epidermal barrier defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olufolake Akinduro
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Katherine Sully
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ankit Patel
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Deborah J Robinson
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anissa Chikh
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Graham McPhail
- EM Service, Blizard Institute Pathology Core Facility, Cellular Pathology Department, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kristin M Braun
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael P Philpott
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Carolyn Byrne
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ryan F L O'Shaughnessy
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre for Children, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Immunobiology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Daniele Bergamaschi
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28423. [PMID: 27328819 PMCID: PMC4916512 DOI: 10.1038/srep28423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a natural disaccharide that is found in a diverse range of organisms but not in mammals. Autophagy is a process which mediates the sequestration, lysosomal delivery and degradation of proteins and organelles. Studies have shown that trehalose exerts beneficial effects through inducing autophagy in mammalian cells. However, whether trehalose or other saccharides can activate autophagy in keratinocytes is unknown. Here, we found that trehalose treatment increased the LC3-I to LC3-II conversion, acridine orange-stained vacuoles and GFP-LC3B (LC3B protein tagged with green fluorescent protein) puncta in the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line, indicating autophagy induction. Trehalose-induced autophagy was also observed in primary keratinocytes and the A431 epidermal cancer cell line. mTOR signalling was not affected by trehalose treatment, suggesting that trehalose induced autophagy through an mTOR-independent pathway. mTOR-independent autophagy induction was also observed in HaCaT and HeLa cells treated with sucrose or raffinose but not in glucose, maltose or sorbitol treated HaCaT cells, indicating that autophagy induction was not a general property of saccharides. Finally, although trehalose treatment had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, it had a cytoprotective effect on cells exposed to UVB radiation. Our study provides new insight into the saccharide-mediated regulation of autophagy in keratinocytes.
Collapse
|
22
|
Hasegawa Y, Taylor D, Ovchinnikov DA, Wolvetang EJ, de Torrenté L, Mar JC. Variability of Gene Expression Identifies Transcriptional Regulators of Early Human Embryonic Development. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005428. [PMID: 26288249 PMCID: PMC4546122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of gene expression variability can provide an insightful window into how regulatory control is distributed across the transcriptome. In a single cell analysis, the inter-cellular variability of gene expression measures the consistency of transcript copy numbers observed between cells in the same population. Application of these ideas to the study of early human embryonic development may reveal important insights into the transcriptional programs controlling this process, based on which components are most tightly regulated. Using a published single cell RNA-seq data set of human embryos collected at four-cell, eight-cell, morula and blastocyst stages, we identified genes with the most stable, invariant expression across all four developmental stages. Stably-expressed genes were found to be enriched for those sharing indispensable features, including essentiality, haploinsufficiency, and ubiquitous expression. The stable genes were less likely to be associated with loss-of-function variant genes or human recessive disease genes affected by a DNA copy number variant deletion, suggesting that stable genes have a functional impact on the regulation of some of the basic cellular processes. Genes with low expression variability at early stages of development are involved in regulation of DNA methylation, responses to hypoxia and telomerase activity, whereas by the blastocyst stage, low-variability genes are enriched for metabolic processes as well as telomerase signaling. Based on changes in expression variability, we identified a putative set of gene expression markers of morulae and blastocyst stages. Experimental validation of a blastocyst-expressed variability marker demonstrated that HDDC2 plays a role in the maintenance of pluripotency in human ES and iPS cells. Collectively our analyses identified new regulators involved in human embryonic development that would have otherwise been missed using methods that focus on assessment of the average expression levels; in doing so, we highlight the value of studying expression variability for single cell RNA-seq data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hasegawa
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America; Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Deanne Taylor
- RMANJ Reproductive Medicine Associates of New Jersey, Morristown, New Jersey, United States of America; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dmitry A Ovchinnikov
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ernst J Wolvetang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laurence de Torrenté
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Jessica C Mar
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chichger H, Braza J, Duong H, Stark M, Harrington EO. Neovascularization in the pulmonary endothelium is regulated by the endosome: Rab4-mediated trafficking and p18-dependent signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L700-9. [PMID: 26254426 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00235.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization, the formation of new blood vessels, requires multiple processes including vascular leak, migration, and adhesion. Endosomal proteins, such as Rabs, regulate trafficking of key signaling proteins involved in neovascularization. The novel endosome protein, p18, enhances vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin recycling from early endosome to cell junction to improve pulmonary endothelial barrier function. Since endothelial barrier integrity is vital in neovascularization, we sought to elucidate the role for endosome proteins p18 and Rab4, Rab7, and Rab9 in the process of vessel formation within the pulmonary vasculature. Overexpression of wild-type p18 (p18(wt)), but not the nonendosomal-binding mutant (p18(N39)), significantly increased lung microvascular endothelial cell migration, adhesion, and both in vitro and in vivo tube formation. Chemical inhibition of mTOR or p38 attenuated the proneovascularization role of p18(wt). Similar to the effect of p18(wt), overexpression of prorecycling wild-type (Rab4(WT)) and endosome-anchored (Rab4(Q67L)) Rab4 enhanced neovascularization processes, whereas molecular inhibition of Rab4, by using the nonendosomal-binding mutant (Rab4(S22N)) attenuated VEGF-induced neovascularization. Unlike p18, Rab4-induced neovascularization was independent of mTOR or p38 inhibition but was dependent on p18 expression. This study shows for the first time that neovascularization within the pulmonary vasculature is dependent on the prorecycling endocytic proteins Rab4 and p18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Julie Braza
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Huetran Duong
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Myranda Stark
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zada S, Noh HS, Baek SM, Ha JH, Hahm JR, Kim DR. Depletion of p18/LAMTOR1 promotes cell survival via activation of p27(kip1) -dependent autophagy under starvation. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:1242-50. [PMID: 26032166 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MAPK and mTOR signal pathways in endosomes or lysosomes play a crucial role in cell survival and death. They are also closely associated with autophagy, a catabolic process highly regulated under various cellular stress or nutrient deprivation. Recently we have isolated a protein, named p18/LAMTOR1, that specifically regulates the ERK or mTOR pathway in lysosomes. p18/LAMTOR1 also interacts with p27(kip1) . Here we examined how p18/LAMTOR1 plays a role in autophagy under nutrient deprivation. The p18(+/+) MEF cells were more susceptible to cell death under starvation or in the presence of AICAR in comparison with p18(-/-) MEF cells. Cleavage of caspase-3 was increased in p18(+/+) MEF cells under starvation, and phosphorylation at the threonine 198 of p27(kip1) was highly elevated in starved p18(-/-) MEF cells. Furthermore, LC3-II formation and other autophagy-associated proteins were largely increased in p18-deficient cells, and suppression of p27(kip1) expression in p18(-/-) MEF cells mitigated starvation-induced cell death. These data suggest that ablation of p18/LAMTOR1 suppresses starvation-induced cell death by stimulating autophagy through modulation of p27(kip1) activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahib Zada
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sook Noh
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mi Baek
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ryeal Hahm
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vogel GF, Ebner HL, de Araujo MEG, Schmiedinger T, Eiter O, Pircher H, Gutleben K, Witting B, Teis D, Huber LA, Hess MW. Ultrastructural Morphometry Points to a New Role for LAMTOR2 in Regulating the Endo/Lysosomal System. Traffic 2015; 16:617-34. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg F. Vogel
- Division of Histology and Embryology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Müllerstrasse 59 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter; Medical University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Hannes L. Ebner
- Division of Histology and Embryology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Müllerstrasse 59 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
- Current address: Department for Trauma Surgery; Medical University of Innsbruck; Anichstrasse 35 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Mariana E. G. de Araujo
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter; Medical University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Thomas Schmiedinger
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Anichstrasse 35 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Oliver Eiter
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Anichstrasse 35 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Haymo Pircher
- Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research; University of Innsbruck; Rennweg 10 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Karin Gutleben
- Division of Histology and Embryology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Müllerstrasse 59 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Barbara Witting
- Division of Histology and Embryology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Müllerstrasse 59 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - David Teis
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter; Medical University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Lukas A. Huber
- Division of Cell Biology, Biocenter; Medical University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Michael W. Hess
- Division of Histology and Embryology; Medical University of Innsbruck; Müllerstrasse 59 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang Y, Fang R, Yuan Y, Hu M, Zhou Y, Zhao J. Identification of host proteins interacting with the integrin-like A domain of Toxoplasma gondii micronemal protein MIC2 by yeast-two-hybrid screening. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:543. [PMID: 25423901 PMCID: PMC4258286 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan, causing the important zoonosis toxoplasmosis. This parasite utilizes a unique form of locomotion called gliding motility to find and invade host cells. The micronemal adhesin MIC2 plays critical roles in these processes by binding to substrates and host cell receptors using its extracellular adhesive domains. Although MIC2 is known to mediate important interactions between parasites and host cells during invasion, the specific host proteins interacting with MIC2 have not been clearly identified. In this study, we used a yeast-two-hybrid system to search for host proteins that interact with MIC2. Methods Different adhesive domains of MIC2 were cloned into the pGBKT7 vector and expressed in fusion with the GAL4 DNA-binding domain as baits. Expression of bait proteins in yeast cells was analyzed by immuno-blotting and their autoactivation was tested via comparison with the pGBKT7 empty vector, which expressed the GAL4 DNA binding-domain only. To identify host proteins interacting with MIC2, a mouse cDNA library cloned into a GAL4 activation-domain expressing vector was screened by yeast-two-hybrid using the integrin-like A domain of MIC2 (residues 74–270) as bait. After initial screening and exclusion of false positive hits, positive preys were sequenced and analyzed using BLAST analysis and Gene Ontology Classifications. Results Two host proteins that had not previously been reported to interact with T. gondii MIC2 were identified: they are LAMTOR1 (late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor, MAPK and mTOR activator 1) and RNaseH2B (ribonuclease H2 subunit B). Gene Ontology analysis indicated that these two proteins are associated with many cellular processes, such as lysosome maturation, signaling transduction, and RNA catabolism. Conclusion This study is the first one to report interactions between Toxoplasma gondii MIC2 and two host proteins, LAMTOR1 and RNaseH2B. The data will help us to gain a better understanding of the function of MIC2 and suggest that MIC2 may play roles in modulating host signal transduction and other biological processes in addition to binding host cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0543-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Rui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Yanqin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chichger H, Duong H, Braza J, Harrington EO. p18, a novel adaptor protein, regulates pulmonary endothelial barrier function via enhanced endocytic recycling of VE-cadherin. FASEB J 2014; 29:868-81. [PMID: 25404710 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-257212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vascular permeability is a hallmark of several disease states including acute lung injury (ALI). Endocytosis of VE-cadherin, away from the interendothelial junction (IEJ), causes acute endothelial barrier permeability. A novel protein, p18, anchors to the endosome membrane and plays a role in late endosomal signaling via MAPK and mammalian target of rapamycin. However, the fate of the VE-cadherin-positive endosome has yet to be elucidated. We sought to elucidate a role for p18 in VE-cadherin trafficking and thus endothelial barrier function, in settings of ALI. Endothelial cell (EC) resistance, whole-cell ELISA, and filtration coefficient were studied in mice or lung ECs overexpressing wild-type or nonendosomal-binding mutant p18, using green fluorescent protein as a control. We demonstrate a protective role for the endocytic protein p18 in endothelial barrier function in settings of ALI in vitro and in vivo, through enhanced recycling of VE-cadherin-positive early endosomes to the IEJ. In settings of LPS-induced ALI, we show that Src tethered to the endosome tyrosine phosphorylates p18 concomitantly with VE-cadherin internalization and pulmonary edema formation. We conclude that p18 regulates pulmonary endothelial barrier function in vitro and in vivo, by enhancing recycling of VE-cadherin-positive endosomes to the IEJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Huetran Duong
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Julie Braza
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Global profiling of co- and post-translationally N-myristoylated proteomes in human cells. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4919. [PMID: 25255805 PMCID: PMC4200515 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein N-myristoylation is a ubiquitous co- and post-translational modification that has been implicated in the development and progression of a range of human diseases. Here, we report the global N-myristoylated proteome in human cells determined using quantitative chemical proteomics combined with potent and specific human N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) inhibition. Global quantification of N-myristoylation during normal growth or apoptosis allowed the identification of >100 N-myristoylated proteins, >95% of which are identified for the first time at endogenous levels. Furthermore, quantitative dose response for inhibition of N-myristoylation is determined for >70 substrates simultaneously across the proteome. Small-molecule inhibition through a conserved substrate-binding pocket is also demonstrated by solving the crystal structures of inhibitor-bound NMT1 and NMT2. The presented data substantially expand the known repertoire of co- and post-translational N-myristoylation in addition to validating tools for the pharmacological inhibition of NMT in living cells. Protein N-myristoylation is a ubiquitous modification implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Here, Thinon et al. report the development of a general method to identify N-myristoylated proteins in human cells and identify over 100 endogenous post- and co-translational substrates of N-myristoyltransferase.
Collapse
|
29
|
Płaszczyca A, Nilsson J, Magnusson L, Brosjö O, Larsson O, Vult von Steyern F, Domanski HA, Lilljebjörn H, Fioretos T, Tayebwa J, Mandahl N, Nord KH, Mertens F. Fusions involving protein kinase C and membrane-associated proteins in benign fibrous histiocytoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 53:475-81. [PMID: 24721208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) is a mesenchymal tumor that most often occurs in the skin (so-called dermatofibroma), but may also appear in soft tissues (so-called deep BFH) and in the skeleton (so-called non-ossifying fibroma). The origin of BFH is unknown, and it has been questioned whether it is a true neoplasm. Chromosome banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization, single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, RNA sequencing, RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were used to search for recurrent somatic mutations in a series of BFH. BFHs were found to harbor recurrent fusions of genes encoding membrane-associated proteins (podoplanin, CD63 and LAMTOR1) with genes encoding protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms PRKCB and PRKCD. PKCs are serine-threonine kinases that through their many phosphorylation targets are implicated in a variety of cellular processes, as well as tumor development. When inactive, the amino-terminal, regulatory domain of PKCs suppresses the activity of their catalytic domain. Upon activation, which requires several steps, they typically translocate to cell membranes, where they interact with different signaling pathways. The detected PDPN-PRKCB, CD63-PRKCD and LAMTOR1-PRKCD gene fusions are all predicted to result in chimeric proteins consisting of the membrane-binding part of PDPN, CD63 or LAMTOR1 and the entire catalytic domain of the PKC. This novel pathogenetic mechanism should result in constitutive kinase activity at an ectopic location. The results show that BFH indeed is a true neoplasm, and that distorted PKC activity is essential for tumorigenesis. The findings also provide means to differentiate BFH from other skin and soft tissue tumors. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Rare cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Płaszczyca
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Otte Brosjö
- Department of Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Henryk A Domanski
- Department of Pathology, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lilljebjörn
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thoas Fioretos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Johnbosco Tayebwa
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nils Mandahl
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolin H Nord
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mori S, Nada S, Kimura H, Tajima S, Takahashi Y, Kitamura A, Oneyama C, Okada M. The mTOR pathway controls cell proliferation by regulating the FoxO3a transcription factor via SGK1 kinase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88891. [PMID: 24558442 PMCID: PMC3928304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions as a component of two large complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which play crucial roles in regulating cell growth and homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which mTOR controls cell proliferation remain elusive. Here we show that the FoxO3a transcription factor is coordinately regulated by mTORC1 and mTORC2, and plays a crucial role in controlling cell proliferation. To dissect mTOR signaling, mTORC1 was specifically inactivated by depleting p18, an essential anchor of mTORC1 on lysosomes. mTORC1 inactivation caused a marked retardation of cell proliferation, which was associated with upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs). Although Akt was activated by mTORC1 inactivation, FoxO3a was upregulated via an epigenetic mechanism and hypophosphorylated at Ser314, which resulted in its nuclear accumulation. Consistently, mTORC1 inactivation induced downregulation of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), the kinase responsible for Ser314 phosphorylation. Expression of FoxO3a mutated at Ser314 suppressed cell proliferation by inducing CDKI expression. SGK1 overexpression suppressed CDKI expression in p18-deficient cells, whereas SGK1 knockdown induced CDKI expression in wild-type cells, resulting in the suppression of cell proliferation. These results suggest that mTORC1, in coordination with mTORC2, controls cell proliferation by regulating FoxO3a gene expression and SGK1-mediated phosphorylation of FoxO3a at Ser314.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Mori
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironobu Kimura
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Tajima
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kitamura
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chitose Oneyama
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|