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Rangel-Coelho JP, Gogolla PV, Meyer MD, Simão LC, Costa BC, Casarin RCV, Santamaria MP, Teixeira LN, Peruzzo DC, Lisboa-Filho PN, Nociti-Jr FH, Kantovitz KR. Titanium dioxide nanotubes applied to conventional glass ionomer cement influence the expression of immunoinflammatory markers: An in vitro study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30834. [PMID: 38784540 PMCID: PMC11112319 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the impact of different concentrations TiO2-nt incorporated into a glass ionomer cement on the proliferation, mitochondrial metabolism, morphology, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production of cultured fibroblasts (NIH/3T3), whether or not stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS-2 μg/mL, 24 h). Methods TiO2-nt was added to KM (Ketac Molar EasyMix™, 3 %, 5 %, 7 % in weight); unblended KM was used as the control. The analyses included: Cell proliferation assay (n = 6; 24/48/72h); Mitochondrial metabolism assay (n = 6; 24/48/72h); Confocal laser microscopy (n = 3; 24/48/72h); Determination of biomarkers (IL-1β/IL-6/IL-10/VEGF/TNF) by using both multiplex technology (n = 6; 12/18 h) and the quantitative real-time PCR assay (q-PCR) (n = 3, 24/72/120 h). The data underwent analysis using both the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests, and by generalized linear models (α = 0.05). Results It demonstrated that cell proliferation increased over time, regardless of the presence of TiO2-nt or LPS, and displayed a significant increase at 72 h; mitochondrial metabolism increased (p < 0.05), irrespective of exposure to LPS (p = 0.937); no cell morphology changes were observed; TiO2-nt reverted the impact of KM on the secreted levels of the evaluated proteins and the gene expressions in the presence of LPS (p < 0.0001). Conclusions TiO2-nt did not adversely affect the biological behavior of fibroblastic cells cultured on GIC discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Rangel-Coelho
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Pedro Viel Gogolla
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Maria Davoli Meyer
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Lucas Carvalho Simão
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carolina Costa
- Department of Physics, School of Science, State University Júlio de Mesquita (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube 2085, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Renato Côrrea Viana Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (FOP-UNICAMP), Av. Limeira 901, Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Novaes Teixeira
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Daiane Cristina Peruzzo
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Paulo Noronha Lisboa-Filho
- Department of Physics, School of Science, State University Júlio de Mesquita (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube 2085, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
- American Dental Association Science and Research Institute - ADASRI, Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Group, Innovation and Technology Research, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLMANDIC), Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
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Manoharan A, Ballambattu VB, Palani R. Genetic architecture of preeclampsia. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 558:119656. [PMID: 38583550 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Manoharan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607403, India.
| | | | - Ramya Palani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Kirumampakkam, Puducherry 607403, India
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Klak M, Rachalewski M, Filip A, Dobrzański T, Berman A, Wszoła M. Bioprinting of Perfusable, Biocompatible Vessel-like Channels with dECM-Based Bioinks and Living Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:439. [PMID: 38790306 PMCID: PMC11117567 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the production of bioinks that on the one hand, are biocompatible and, on the other hand, have mechanical properties that allow for the production of stable constructs that can survive for a long time after transplantation. While the selection of the right material is crucial for bioprinting, there is another equally important issue that is currently being extensively researched-the incorporation of the vascular system into the fabricated scaffolds. Therefore, in the following manuscript, we present the results of research on bioink with unique physico-chemical and biological properties. In this article, two methods of seeding cells were tested using bioink B and seeding after bioprinting the whole model. After 2, 5, 8, or 24 h of incubation, the flow medium was used in the tested systems. At the end of the experimental trial, for each time variant, the canals were stored in formaldehyde, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the presence of cells on the canal walls and roof. Cells adhered to both ways of fiber arrangement; however, a parallel bioprint with the 5 h incubation and the intermediate plating of cells resulted in better adhesion efficiency. For this test variant, the percentage of cells that adhered was at least 20% higher than in the other analyzed variants. In addition, it was for this variant that the lowest percentage of viable cells was found that were washed out of the tested model. Importantly, hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that after 8 days of culture, the cells were evenly distributed throughout the canal roof. Our study clearly shows that neovascularization-promoting cells effectively adhere to ECM-based pancreatic bioink. Summarizing the presented results, it was demonstrated that the proposed bioink compositions can be used for bioprinting bionic organs with a vascular system formed by endothelial cells and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Klak
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
- Polbionica sp. z o.o., 01-242 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Rachalewski
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
| | - Anna Filip
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
| | | | | | - Michał Wszoła
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-242 Warsaw, Poland or (M.W.)
- Polbionica sp. z o.o., 01-242 Warsaw, Poland
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Shin HS, Park GH, Choi ES, Park SY, Kim DS, Chang J, Hong JM. RNF213 variant and autophagic impairment: A pivotal link to endothelial dysfunction in moyamoya disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241245557. [PMID: 38573771 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241245557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is closely associated with the Ring Finger Protein 213 (RNF213), a susceptibility gene for MMD. However, its biological function remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the role of RNF213 in the damage incurred by human endothelial cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). We analyzed autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients carrying either RNF213 wildtype (WT) or variant (p.R4810K). Subsequently, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with RNF213 WT (HUVECWT) or p.R4810K (HUVECR4810K) and exposed to OGD for 2 h. Immunoblotting was used to analyze autophagy marker proteins, and endothelial function was analyzed by tube formation assay. Autophagic vesicles were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Post-OGD exposure, we administered rapamycin and cilostazol as potential autophagy inducers. The RNF213 variant group during post-OGD exposure (vs. pre-OGD) showed autophagy inhibition, increased protein expression of SQSTM1/p62 (p < 0.0001) and LC3-II (p = 0.0039), and impaired endothelial function (p = 0.0252). HUVECR4810K during post-OGD exposure (versus pre-OGD) showed a remarkable increase in autophagic vesicles. Administration of rapamycin and cilostazol notably restored the function of HUVECR4810K and autophagy. Our findings support the pivotal role of autophagy impaired by the RNF213 variant in MMD-induced endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Geun Hwa Park
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Sil Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Da Sol Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jaerak Chang
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Man Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
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Wu D, Huang W, Zhang J, He L, Chen S, Zhu S, Sang Y, Liu K, Hou G, Chen B, Xu Y, Liu B, Yao H. Downregulation of VEGFA accelerates AGEs-mediated nucleus pulposus degeneration through inhibiting protective mitophagy in high glucose environments. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129950. [PMID: 38320636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) contributes largely to low back pain. Recent studies have highlighted the exacerbating role of diabetes mellitus (DM) in IVDD, mainly due to the influence of hyperglycemia (HG) or the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) newly assumed a distinct impact in nonvascular tissues through mitophagy regulation. However, the combined actions of HG and AGEs on IVDD and the involved role of VEGFA remain unclear. We confirmed the potential relation between VEGFA and DM through bioinformatics and biological specimen detection. Then we observed that AGEs induced nucleus pulposus (NP) cell degeneration by upregulating cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and HG further aggravated ROS level through breaking AGEs-induced protective mitophagy. Furthermore, this adverse effect could be strengthened by VEGFA knockdown. Importantly, we identified that the regulation of VEGFA and mitophagy were vital mechanisms in AGEs-HG-induced NP cell degeneration through Parkin/Akt/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR pathway. Additionally, VEGFA overexpression through local injection with lentivirus carrying VEGFA plasmids significantly alleviated NP degeneration and IVDD in STZ-induced diabetes and puncture rat models. In conclusion, the findings first confirmed that VEGFA protects against AGEs-HG-induced IVDD, which may represent a therapeutic strategy for DM-related IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sihan Zhu
- University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Yuan Sang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Kaihua Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Biying Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yichun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Motawe ZY, Abdelmaboud SS, Breslin JW. Evaluation of Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Function in Endothelial Cells Using the Seahorse Analyzer. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2711:241-256. [PMID: 37776463 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3429-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial bioenergetics have emerged as a key regulator of endothelial barrier function. Glycolytic parameters have been linked to barrier enhancement, and interruption with mitochondrial complexes was shown to disrupt endothelial barrier. Therefore, a new technology that has been introduced to assess bioenergetics and metabolism has also made it possible to determine roles of specific energy production pathways in endothelial health. The Seahorse extracellular flux analysis by Agilent technologies is a state of the art tool that has been more frequently used to evaluate bioenergetics of endothelial cells. This chapter includes details about different assays that can be used to study endothelial cells using the Seahorse analyzer and how interpretation of the results can provide novel insight about endothelial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Motawe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Salma S Abdelmaboud
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Ge P, Xu R, Ye Z. Evaluating the effect of Roxadustat on ventricular repolarization in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:417. [PMID: 37821963 PMCID: PMC10566199 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roxadustat is a novel oral medication used to treat anemia in CKD patients. Several studies have shown that Roxadustat can alleviate anemia in CKD patients by increasing hemoglobin levels and regulating iron metabolism. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Roxadustat on ventricular repolarization in PD patients. This study may provide a new integrated approach to the assessment and treatment of CKD. METHODS The present prospective cohort study enrolled 65 CKD patients who were treated with Roxadustat and 31 CKD patients who received conventional therapy between January 2021 and June 2022. All patients were examined for ECG in the absence of clinical symptoms and compared the ECG indicators. Demographic and clinical data of all patients were collected. All data used SPSS 18.0 for statistical analyses. RESULTS The T peak-to-end (Tpe) of PD patients in the Roxadustat group was remarkably slower than that of patients in the conventional group. Additionally, the Tpe/QT ratio in the conventional group was significantly elevated than that in the Roxadustat group. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that Tpe (95%CI 1.191 ~ 2.141, P = 0.002) and Roxadustat treatment (95%CI 1.357 ~ 42.121, P = 0.021) were the risk factors of PD patients with high Tp-e/QT ratio. CONCLUSION In summary, we found that Roxadustat could improve ventricular repolarization in peritoneal dialysis patients, which indicated a potential cardiovascular protective effect of Roxadustat. This study might provide a new integrated approach to the assessment and treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Sucheng District, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang Y, Fang M, Ren Q, Qi W, Bai X, Amin N, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhang L. Sox17 protects human brain microvascular endothelial cells from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04838-5. [PMID: 37659973 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA), is a localized dilation of the intracranial arteries, the rupture of which is catastrophic. Hypertension is major IA risk factor that mediates endothelial cell damage. Sox17 is highly expressed in intracranial vascular endothelial cells, and GWAS studies indicate that its genetic alteration is one of the major genetic risk factors for IA. Vascular endothelial cell injury plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of IA. The genetic ablation of Sox17 plus hypertension induced by AngII can lead to an increased incidence of intracranial aneurysms had tested in the previous animal experiments. In order to study the underlying molecular mechanisms, we established stable Sox17-overexpressing and knockdown cell lines in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) first. Then flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were employed. We found that the knockdown of Sox17 could worsen the apoptosis and autophagy of HBMECs caused by AngII, while overexpression of Sox17 had the opposite effect. Transmission electron microscopy displayed increased autophagosomes after the knockdown of Sox17 in HBMECs. The RNA-sequencing analysis shown that dysregulation of the Sox17 gene was closely associated with the autophagy-related pathways. Our study suggests that Sox17 could protect HBMECs from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinli Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nashwa Amin
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Qism Aswan, Egypt
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Aoshima H, Tawarahara K, Kato H, Ishibashi F, Tokonami Y, Nakamura N, Matsukura G, Kanda T, Ozeki M, Ukigai H, Takeuchi R. Acute Myocardial Infarction Due to Coronary Artery Embolism during Chemotherapy with mFOLFOX-6 Plus Bevacizumab for Metastatic Colon Cancer. Intern Med 2023; 62:2361-2364. [PMID: 36450471 PMCID: PMC10484765 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0788-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, may be associated with arterial embolisms. We herein report a case of acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary embolism during combination chemotherapy with mFOLFOX-6 and bevacizumab in a patient with metastatic colon cancer. Thromboembolism occurred only in the distal right posterolateral branch without stenotic lesions or plaque rupture in the proximal branch of the right coronary artery. Sole thromboaspiration was successfully performed; the final angiogram demonstrated no stenosis in the right coronary artery. Bevacizumab may be associated with acute coronary syndrome in patients with coronary risk factors, despite no significant coronary narrowing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kei Tawarahara
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Haruta Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Tokonami
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Gaku Matsukura
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanda
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Mariko Ozeki
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ukigai
- Department of Cardiology, Hamamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
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Maduabuchi WO, Tansi FL, Heller R, Hilger I. Hyperthermia Influences the Secretion Signature of Tumor Cells and Affects Endothelial Cell Sprouting. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2256. [PMID: 37626752 PMCID: PMC10452125 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors are a highly heterogeneous mass of tissue showing distinct therapy responses. In particular, the therapeutic outcome of tumor hyperthermia treatments has been inconsistent, presumably due to tumor versus endothelial cell cross-talks related to the treatment temperature and the tumor tissue environment. Here, we investigated the impact of the average or strong hyperthermic treatment (43 °C or 47 °C for 1 h) of the human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line (PANC-1 and BxPC-3) on endothelial cells (HUVECs) under post-treatment normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Immediately after the hyperthermia treatment, the distinct repression of secreted pro-angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, M-CSF), intracellular HIF-1α and the enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in tumor cells were detectable (particularly for strong hyperthermia, 2D cell monolayers). Notably, there was a significant increase in endothelial sprouting when 3D self-organized pancreatic cancer cells were treated with strong hyperthermia and the post-treatment conditions were hypoxic. Interestingly, for the used treatment temperatures, the intracellular HIF-1α accumulation in tumor cells seems to play a role in MAPK/ERK activation and mediator secretion (e.g., VEGF, PDGF-AA, Angiopoietin-2), as shown by inhibition experiments. Taken together, the hyperthermia of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in vitro impacts endothelial cells under defined environmental conditions (cell-to-cell contact, oxygen status, treatment temperature), whereby HIF-1α and VEGF secretion play a role in a complex context. Our observations could be exploited for the hyperthermic treatment of pancreatic cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisdom O. Maduabuchi
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany; (W.O.M.); (F.L.T.)
| | - Felista L. Tansi
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany; (W.O.M.); (F.L.T.)
| | - Regine Heller
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany; (W.O.M.); (F.L.T.)
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11
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Avrutsky MI, Chen CW, Lawson JM, Snipas SJ, Salvesen GS, Troy CM. Caspase-9 inhibition confers stronger neuronal and vascular protection compared to VEGF neutralization in a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1209527. [PMID: 37449272 PMCID: PMC10336837 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1209527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a sight-threatening condition typically treated with intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonists. Treatment response to anti-VEGF therapies is highly variable, with poor visual outcomes and treatment response in patients with significant retinal nonperfusion following RVO. Recently, caspase-9 has been identified as a potent regulator of edema, gliosis, and neuronal dysfunction during acute retinal hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of caspase-9 inhibition against VEGF-neutralization in an established mouse model of RVO. Methods Adult male C57Bl/6 J mice were randomized to induction of RVO and treatment with either vehicle, intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody, topical administration of a selective caspase-9 inhibitor (Pen1-XBir3), or a combination therapy. Animals were followed on days 1, 2, and 8 after RVO with fundus retinal imaging, and with optical coherence tomography (OCT) to capture retinal swelling, capillary nonperfusion (measured by disorganization of retinal inner layers, DRIL), hyperreflective foci (HRF), and retinal atrophy. Focal electroretinography (ERG) measurements were performed on day 7. Histology was performed on retinal sections from day 8. Results Both VEGF neutralization and caspase-9 inhibition showed significant retinal protection from RVO compared to vehicle treatment arm. Retinal reperfusion of occluded veins was accelerated in eyes receiving caspase-9 inhibitor, but not significantly different from vehicle in the anti-VEGF group. Retinal edema was suppressed in all treatment groups, with approximately 2-fold greater edema reduction with caspase-9 inhibition compared to VEGF neutralization. HRF were reduced similarly across all treatment groups compared to vehicle. Retinal detachment was reduced only in eyes treated with caspase-9 inhibitor monotherapy. Caspase-9 inhibition reduced retinal atrophy and preserved ERG response; VEGF neutralization did not prevent neurodegeneration following RVO. Conclusion Caspase-9 inhibition confers stronger neuronal and vascular protection compared to VEGF neutralization in the mouse laser-induced model of RVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Avrutsky
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Claire W. Chen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacqueline M. Lawson
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott J. Snipas
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Guy S. Salvesen
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Carol M. Troy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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12
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Fernández-Chacón M, Mühleder S, Regano A, Garcia-Ortega L, Rocha SF, Torroja C, Sanchez-Muñoz MS, Lytvyn M, Casquero-Garcia V, De Andrés-Laguillo M, Muhl L, Orlich MM, Gaengel K, Camafeita E, Vázquez J, Benguría A, Iruela-Arispe ML, Dopazo A, Sánchez-Cabo F, Carter H, Benedito R. Incongruence between transcriptional and vascular pathophysiological cell states. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:2023530-549. [PMID: 37745941 PMCID: PMC7615119 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a major regulator of endothelial transcriptional specification. Targeting the Notch receptors or Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) dysregulates angiogenesis. Here, by analyzing single and compound genetic mutants for all Notch signaling members, we find significant differences in the way ligands and receptors regulate liver vascular homeostasis. Loss of Notch receptors caused endothelial hypermitogenic cell-cycle arrest and senescence. Conversely, Dll4 loss triggered a strong Myc-driven transcriptional switch inducing endothelial proliferation and the tip-cell state. Myc loss suppressed the induction of angiogenesis in the absence of Dll4, without preventing the vascular enlargement and organ pathology. Similarly, inhibition of other pro-angiogenic pathways, including MAPK/ERK and mTOR, had no effect on the vascular expansion induced by Dll4 loss; however, anti-VEGFA treatment prevented it without fully suppressing the transcriptional and metabolic programs. This study shows incongruence between single-cell transcriptional states, vascular phenotypes and related pathophysiology. Our findings also suggest that the vascular structure abnormalization, rather than neoplasms, causes the reported anti-Dll4 antibody toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Fernández-Chacón
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Severin Mühleder
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Regano
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garcia-Ortega
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana F. Rocha
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Torroja
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria S. Sanchez-Muñoz
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariya Lytvyn
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Casquero-Garcia
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena De Andrés-Laguillo
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael M. Orlich
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Gaengel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benguría
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana Dopazo
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hannah Carter
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Leong SW, Wang J, Okuda KS, Su Q, Zhang Y, Abas F, Chia SL, Yusoff K. Discovery of a novel dual functional phenylpyrazole-styryl hybrid that induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death in bladder cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115335. [PMID: 37098306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Unpleasant side effects and resistance development remained the Achilles heel of chemotherapy. Since low tumor-selectivity and monotonous effect of chemotherapy are closely related to such bottleneck, targeting tumor-selective multi-functional anticancer agents may be an ideal strategy in the search of new safer drugs. Herein, we report the discovery of compound 21, a nitro-substituted 1,5-diphenyl-3-styryl-1H-pyrazole that possesses dual functional characteristics. The 2D- and 3D-culture-based studies revealed that 21 not only could induce ROS-independent apoptotic and EGFR/AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagic cell deaths in EJ28 cells simultaneously but also has the ability in inducing cell death at both proliferating and quiescent zones of EJ28 spheroids. The molecular modelling analysis showed that 21 possesses EGFR targeting capability as it forms stable interactions in the EGFR active site. Together with its good safety profile in the zebrafish-based model, the present study showed that 21 is promising and may lead to the discovery of tumor-selective multi-functional anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Wei Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - JingJing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Kazuhide Shaun Okuda
- Organogenesis and Cancer Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qi Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suet Lin Chia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute (MGVI), National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Malaysia Genome and Vaccine Institute (MGVI), National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), Jalan Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Dibble M, Di Cio' S, Luo P, Balkwill F, Gautrot JE. The impact of pericytes on the stability of microvascular networks in response to nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5729. [PMID: 37029151 PMCID: PMC10082022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recapitulating the normal physiology of the microvasculature is pivotal in the development of more complex in-vitro models and organ-on-chip designs. Pericytes are an important component of the vasculature, promoting vessel stability, inhibiting vascular permeability and maintaining the vascular hierarchical architecture. The use of such co-culture for the testing of therapeutics and nanoparticle safety is increasingly considered for the validation of therapeutic strategies. This report presents the use of a microfluidic model for such applications. Interactions between endothelial cells and pericytes are first explored. We identify basal conditions required to form stable and reproducible endothelial networks. We then investigate interactions between endothelial cells and pericytes via direct co-culture. In our system, pericytes prevented vessel hyperplasia and maintained vessel length in prolonged culture (> 10 days). In addition, these vessels displayed barrier function and expression of junction markers associated with vessel maturation, including VE-cadherin, β-catenin and ZO-1. Furthermore, pericytes maintained vessel integrity following stress (nutrient starvation) and prevented vessel regression, in contrast to the striking dissociation of networks in endothelial monocultures. This response was also observed when endothelial/pericyte co-cultures were exposed to high concentrations of moderately toxic cationic nanoparticles used for gene delivery. This study highlights the importance of pericytes in protecting vascular networks from stress and external agents and their importance to the design of advanced in-vitro models, including for the testing of nanotoxicity, to better recapitulate physiological response and avoid false positives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dibble
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Stefania Di Cio'
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Piaopiao Luo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Frances Balkwill
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Julien E Gautrot
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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15
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Rütsche D, Nanni M, Rüdisser S, Biedermann T, Zenobi-Wong M. Enzymatically Crosslinked Collagen as a Versatile Matrix for In Vitro and In Vivo Co-Engineering of Blood and Lymphatic Vasculature. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209476. [PMID: 36724374 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Adequate vascularization is required for the successful translation of many in vitro engineered tissues. This study presents a novel collagen derivative that harbors multiple recognition peptides for orthogonal enzymatic crosslinking based on sortase A (SrtA) and Factor XIII (FXIII). SrtA-mediated crosslinking enables the rapid co-engineering of human blood and lymphatic microcapillaries and mesoscale capillaries in bulk hydrogels. Whereas tuning of gel stiffness determines the extent of neovascularization, the relative number of blood and lymphatic capillaries recapitulates the ratio of blood and lymphatic endothelial cells originally seeded into the hydrogel. Bioengineered capillaries readily form luminal structures and exhibit typical maturation markers both in vitro and in vivo. The secondary crosslinking enzyme Factor XIII is used for in situ tethering of the VEGF mimetic QK peptide to collagen. This approach supports the formation of blood and lymphatic capillaries in the absence of exogenous VEGF. Orthogonal enzymatic crosslinking is further used to bioengineer hydrogels with spatially defined polymer compositions with pro- and anti-angiogenic properties. Finally, macroporous scaffolds based on secondary crosslinking of microgels enable vascularization independent from supporting fibroblasts. Overall, this work demonstrates for the first time the co-engineering of mature micro- and meso-sized blood and lymphatic capillaries using a highly versatile collagen derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Rütsche
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Monica Nanni
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
- Institute for Mechanical Systems, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Simon Rüdisser
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy Platform, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Hönggerbergring 64, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Schlieren, 8952, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
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16
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Tada T, Kumada T, Hiraoka A, Hirooka M, Kariyama K, Tani J, Atsukawa M, Takaguchi K, Itobayashi E, Fukunishi S, Tsuji K, Ishikawa T, Tajiri K, Ochi H, Yasuda S, Toyoda H, Ogawa C, Nishimura T, Hatanaka T, Kakizaki S, Shimada N, Kawata K, Tada F, Ohama H, Nouso K, Morishita A, Tsutsui A, Nagano T, Itokawa N, Okubo T, Arai T, Imai M, Kosaka H, Naganuma A, Koizumi Y, Nakamura S, Kaibori M, Iijima H, Hiasa Y. Adverse events as potential predictive factors of therapeutic activity in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7772-7783. [PMID: 36518086 PMCID: PMC10134356 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the possible correlation between the development of adverse events (AEs) and prognosis in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev). METHODS A total of 286 patients with unresectable HCC treated with Atez/Bev as first-line systematic therapy were included. RESULTS Regarding treatment-related AEs, decreased appetite of any grade, proteinuria of any grade, and fatigue of any grade were found with a frequency of ≥20%. Multivariate analysis adjusted for immune-related liver injury, immune-related endocrine dysfunction, proteinuria, fatigue, decreased appetite, hypertension, sex, age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, HCC etiology, HCC stage, Child-Pugh score, and α-fetoprotein showed that hypertension of any grade (hazard ratio [HR], 0.527; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.326-0.854; p = 0.009) and α-fetoprotein ≥100 ng/ml (HR, 1.642; 95% CI, 1.111-2.427; p = 0.013) were independently associated with progression-free survival. Multivariate analysis adjusted for the same AEs showed that fatigue (HR, 2.354; 95% CI, 1.299-4.510; p = 0.010) was independently associated with overall survival. Median progression-free survival was 6.5 months (95% CI, 5.2-8.1) in patients without hypertension of any grade and 12.6 months (95% CI, 6.7-not available) in patients with hypertension of any grade (p = 0.035). The overall survival was significantly shorter in patients in whom treatment-related fatigue of any grade was observed (p < 0.001). Regarding response rates, the disease control rate of patients who developed treatment-related hypertension (94.2%) was significantly higher than those who did not (79.1%) (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Treatment-related hypertension is associated with good outcomes in patients with HCC treated with Atez/Bev.
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17
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Fidalgo MF, Fonseca CG, Caldas P, Raposo AA, Balboni T, Henao-Mišíková L, Grosso AR, Vasconcelos FF, Franco CA. Aerocyte specification and lung adaptation to breathing is dependent on alternative splicing changes. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/12/e202201554. [PMID: 36220570 PMCID: PMC9554796 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to breathing is a critical step in lung function and it is crucial for organismal survival. Alveoli are the lung gas exchange units and their development, from late embryonic to early postnatal stages, requires feedbacks between multiple cell types. However, how the crosstalk between the alveolar cell types is modulated to anticipate lung adaptation to breathing is still unclear. Here, we uncovered a synchronous alternative splicing switch in multiple genes in the developing mouse lungs at the transition to birth, and we identified hnRNP A1, Cpeb4, and Elavl2/HuB as putative splicing regulators of this transition. Notably, we found that Vegfa switches from the Vegfa 164 isoform to the longer Vegfa 188 isoform exclusively in lung alveolar epithelial AT1 cells. Functional analysis revealed that VEGFA 188 (and not VEGFA 164) drives the specification of Car4-positive aerocytes, a subtype of alveolar endothelial cells specialized in gas exchanges. Our results reveal that the cell type-specific regulation of Vegfa alternative splicing just before birth modulates the epithelial-endothelial crosstalk in the developing alveoli to promote lung adaptation to breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta F Fidalgo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina G Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Caldas
- Department of Life Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Asf Raposo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tania Balboni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lenka Henao-Mišíková
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana R Grosso
- Department of Life Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Francisca F Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudio A Franco
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal .,Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Católica Medical School, Católica Biomedical Research Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
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18
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Paracrine and Autocrine Effects of VEGF Are Enhanced in Human eMSC Spheroids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214324. [PMID: 36430800 PMCID: PMC9695450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of MSCs are the focus of intense research. We studied human MSCs isolated from desquamated endometrium (eMSCs), which, as previously shown, have high regenerative potential in various disease models. The aim was to evaluate the role of secreted VEGF in stimulating angiogenesis and maintaining eMSC viability and migration, which is important for improving the therapeutic properties of MSCs. We compared three eMSC cultures differing in the level of VEGF secretion: 3D spheroids, monolayer eMSCs, and monolayer eMSCs with VEGF knockdown. Spheroid eMSCs produced higher amounts of VEGF and had the strongest paracrine effect on HUVEC. eMSCs with VEGF knockdown did not stimulate angiogenesis. Monolayered eMSCs expressed VEGFR1, while spheroid eMSCs expressed both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 receptors. The knockdown of VEGF caused a significant decrease in the viability and migration of eMSCs. eMSCs from 3D spheroids enhanced proliferation and migration in response to exogenous VEGF, in contrast to monolayered eMSCs. Our results suggest that the VEGF-VEGFR1 loop appears to be autocrine-involved in maintaining the viability of eMSCs, and VEGFR2 expression enhances their response to exogenous VEGF, so the angiogenic potential of eMSC can be up- or downregulated by intrinsic VEGF signals.
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19
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Mahgoub E, Taneera J, Sulaiman N, Saber-Ayad M. The role of autophagy in colorectal cancer: Impact on pathogenesis and implications in therapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:959348. [PMID: 36160153 PMCID: PMC9490268 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.959348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as a global major cause of cancer death. Surgical resection is the main line of treatment; however, chemo-, radiotherapy and other adjuvant agents are crucial to achieve good outcomes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a well-recognized key player in CRC progression, yet the processes linking the cancer cells to its TME are not fully delineated. Autophagy is one of such processes, with a controversial role in the pathogenesis of CRC, with its intricate links to many pathological factors and processes. Autophagy may apparently play conflicting roles in carcinogenesis, but the precise mechanisms determining the overall direction of the process seem to depend on the context. Additionally, it has been established that autophagy has a remarkable effect on the endothelial cells in the TME, the key substrate for angiogenesis that supports tumor metastasis. Favorable response to immunotherapy occurs only in a specific subpopulation of CRC patients, namely the microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). In view of such limitations of immunotherapy in CRC, modulation of autophagy represents a potential adjuvant strategy to enhance the effect of those relatively safe agents on wider CRC molecular subtypes. In this review, we discussed the molecular control of autophagy in CRC and how autophagy affects different processes and mechanisms that shape the TME. We explored how autophagy contributes to CRC initiation and progression, and how it interacts with tumor immunity, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. The crosstalk between autophagy and the TME in CRC was extensively dissected. Finally, we reported the clinical efforts and challenges in combining autophagy modulators with various cancer-targeted agents to improve CRC patients’ survival and restrain cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglal Mahgoub
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maha Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Maha Saber-Ayad,
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20
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YANG MINGXUAN, PAN YANXIA, LI KUNHUI, CHEN XIUYUN, LI MINYAN, LIN JIANPING, LI MING, LIN CHENG. Effects of Exercise Training on PPARβ/δ Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Rats with Spontaneous Hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1309-1316. [PMID: 35389955 PMCID: PMC9301982 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the relationship and mechanism between skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) and spontaneous hypertension. METHODS Rats were divided into four groups ( n = 10): spontaneous hypertensive rats exercise group (SHR-E), spontaneous hypertensive rats sedentary group (SHR-S), Wistar-Kyoto control rats exercise group (WKY-E), and Wistar-Kyoto control rats sedentary group (WKY-S). Although the sedentary groups were placed on the treadmill without moving during the training sessions, the exercise groups were forced to run on a treadmill for 8 wk, 1 h·d -1 , 5 d·wk -1 . After training, the density and area of gastrocnemius microvessels were observed. PPARβ/δ, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2), and nitric oxide synthase in gastrocnemius were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. RESULTS Except the sixth week of age, the systolic blood pressure of SHR-S was significantly higher than that of WKY-S at all time periods. Exercise significantly reduced systolic blood pressure in SHR rats. Compared with the SHR-S group, the WKY-S group had significantly higher PPARβ/δ protein level and density of skeletal muscle microvessels. Eight weeks of exercise increased the PPARβ/δ, SOD-2, VEGFA, and microvessel density and area in the skeletal muscle of SHR. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training promoted PPARβ/δ mRNA and protein-level expression of PPARβ/δ, SOD-2 and VEGFA in skeletal muscle, thus increasing the density and area of skeletal muscle blood vessels. These regulations contribute to the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance. This may be a potential mechanism of exercise to reduce blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- MINGXUAN YANG
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, CHINA
| | - YANXIA PAN
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - KUNHUI LI
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - XIUYUN CHEN
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - MINYAN LI
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - JIANPING LIN
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - MING LI
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
| | - CHENG LIN
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, CHINA
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21
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Gómez-Virgilio L, Silva-Lucero MDC, Flores-Morelos DS, Gallardo-Nieto J, Lopez-Toledo G, Abarca-Fernandez AM, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Luna-Muñoz J, Montiel-Sosa F, Soto-Rojas LO, Pacheco-Herrero M, Cardenas-Aguayo MDC. Autophagy: A Key Regulator of Homeostasis and Disease: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Modulators. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152262. [PMID: 35892559 PMCID: PMC9329718 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway active at basal levels in all cells. However, under stress conditions, such as a lack of nutrients or trophic factors, it works as a survival mechanism that allows the generation of metabolic precursors for the proper functioning of the cells until the nutrients are available. Neurons, as post-mitotic cells, depend largely on autophagy to maintain cell homeostasis to get rid of damaged and/or old organelles and misfolded or aggregated proteins. Therefore, the dysfunction of this process contributes to the pathologies of many human diseases. Furthermore, autophagy is highly active during differentiation and development. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the different pathways, molecular mechanisms, factors that induce it, and the regulation of mammalian autophagy. We also discuss its relevant role in development and disease. Finally, here we summarize several investigations demonstrating that autophagic abnormalities have been considered the underlying reasons for many human diseases, including liver disease, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, neoplastic diseases, cancers, and, more recently, infectious diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2 caused COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Virgilio
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Silva-Lucero
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Diego-Salvador Flores-Morelos
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39070, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - Jazmin Gallardo-Nieto
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Biotechnology Engeniering, Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Cancún 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Lopez-Toledo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
| | - Arminda-Mercedes Abarca-Fernandez
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Biotechnology Engeniering, Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Cancún 77500, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Ana-Elvira Zacapala-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39070, Guerrero, Mexico;
| | - José Luna-Muñoz
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 53150, Estado de México, Mexico; (J.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.)
- Banco Nacional de Cerebros-UNPHU, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo 11805, Dominican Republic
| | - Francisco Montiel-Sosa
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli 53150, Estado de México, Mexico; (J.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.)
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico;
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros 51000, Dominican Republic;
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Cardenas-Aguayo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.G.-V.); (M.-d.-C.S.-L.); (D.-S.F.-M.); (J.G.-N.); (G.L.-T.); (A.-M.A.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-2907-0937
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22
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Tsai CY, Wu JCC, Wu CJ, Chan SHH. Protective role of VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling against high fatality associated with hepatic encephalopathy via sustaining mitochondrial bioenergetics functions. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:47. [PMID: 35786324 PMCID: PMC9251935 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lack of better understanding of the pathophysiology and cellular mechanisms associated with high mortality seen in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a neurological complication arising from acute hepatic failure, remains a challenging medical issue. Clinical reports showed that the degree of baroreflex dysregulation is related to the severity of HE. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), a key component of the baroreflex loop that maintains blood pressure and sympathetic vasomotor tone, is known to underpin impairment of baroreflex. Realizing that in addition to angiogenic and vasculogenic effects, by acting on its key receptor (VEGFR2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) elicits neuroprotection via maintenance of mitochondrial function, the guiding hypothesis of the present study is that the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling plays a protective role against mitochondrial dysfunction in the RVLM to ameliorate baroreflex dysregulation that underpins the high fatality associated with HE. Methods Physiological, pharmacological and biochemical investigations were carried out in proof-of-concept experiments using an in vitro model of HE that involved incubation of cultured mouse hippocampal neurons with ammonium chloride. This was followed by corroboratory experiments employing a mouse model of HE, in which adult male C57BL/6 mice and VEGFR2 wild-type and heterozygous mice received an intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane, a toxin used to induce acute hepatic failure. Results We demonstrated that VEGFR2 is present in cultured neurons, and observed that whereas recombinant VEGF protein maintained cell viability, gene-knockdown of vegfr2 enhanced the reduction of cell viability in our in vitro model of HE. In our in vivo model of HE, we found that VEGFR2 heterozygous mice exhibited shorter survival rate and time when compared to wild-type mice. In C57BL/6 mice, there was a progressive reduction in VEGFR2 mRNA and protein expression, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, alongside augmentation of apoptotic cell death in the RVLM, accompanied by a decrease in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone and hypotension. Immunoneutralization of VEGF exacerbated all those biochemical and physiological events. Conclusions Our results suggest that, acting via VEGFR2, the endogenous VEGF plays a protective role against high fatality associated with HE by amelioration of the dysregulated baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone through sustaining mitochondrial bioenergetics functions and eliciting antiapoptotic action in the RVLM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00831-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Tsai
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jacqueline C C Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Ju Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Samuel H H Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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23
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Endothelial Autophagy in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132081. [PMID: 35805165 PMCID: PMC9265562 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) refers to a subset of structural and/or functional disorders of coronary microcirculation that lead to impaired coronary blood flow and eventually myocardial ischemia. Amid the growing knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms and the development of advanced tools for assessment, CMD has emerged as a prevalent cause of a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including obstructive and nonobstructive coronary artery disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Of note, the endothelium exerts vital functions in regulating coronary microvascular and cardiac function. Importantly, insufficient or uncontrolled activation of endothelial autophagy facilitates the pathogenesis of CMD in diverse CVDs. Here, we review the progress in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of autophagy in coronary endothelial cells and discuss their potential role in CMD and CVDs.
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24
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Mameli E, Martello A, Caporali A. Autophagy at the interface of endothelial cell homeostasis and vascular disease. FEBS J 2022; 289:2976-2991. [PMID: 33934518 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential intracellular process for cellular quality control. It enables cell homeostasis through the selective degradation of harmful protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Autophagy is essential for recycling nutrients, generating energy to maintain cell viability in most tissues and during adverse conditions such as hypoxia/ischaemia. The progressive understanding of the mechanisms modulating autophagy in the vasculature has recently led numerous studies to link intact autophagic responses with endothelial cell (EC) homeostasis and function. Preserved autophagic flux within the ECs has an essential role in maintaining their physiological characteristics, whereas defective autophagy can promote endothelial pro-inflammatory and atherogenic phenotype. However, we still lack a good knowledge of the complete molecular repertoire controlling various aspects of endothelial autophagy and how this is associated with vascular diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the current state of the art of autophagy in ECs. We review the discoveries that have so far defined autophagy as an essential mechanism in vascular biology and analyse how autophagy influences ECs behaviour in vascular disease. Finally, we emphasise opportunities for compounds to regulate autophagy in ECs and discuss the challenges of exploiting them to resolve vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Mameli
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, QMRI, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Andrea Caporali
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, QMRI, University of Edinburgh, UK
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25
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Study of the Association between VEGF Polymorphisms and the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Koreans. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050761. [PMID: 35629182 PMCID: PMC9144104 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of death worldwide, has a complex etiology comprising both traditional risk factors (type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and cigarette smoking) and genetic factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) notably contributes to angiogenesis and endothelial homeostasis. However, little is known about the relationship between CAD and VEGF polymorphisms in Koreans. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of 2 VEGF promoter region polymorphisms (−1154G>A [rs1570360], −1498T>C [rs833061]) and 4 VEGF 3′-UTR polymorphisms (+936C>T [rs3025039], +1451C>T [rs3025040], +1612G>A [rs10434], and +1725G>A [rs3025053]) with CAD susceptibility in Koreans. We studied 885 subjects: 463 CAD patients and 422 controls. Genotyping was conducted with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, and the genotype frequencies were calculated. We then performed haplotype and genotype combination analyses and measured the associations between VEGF polymorphisms and clinical variables in both the CAD patients and control subjects. We detected statistically significant associations between CAD and certain VEGF allele combinations. In the haplotypes of 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the VEGF allele combination −1154A/+936T was associated with a decreased prevalence of CAD (A-T-T-G-G of VEGF −1154G>A/−1498T>C/+936C>T/+1612G>A/+1725G>A, AOR = 0.077, p = 0.021). In contrast, the VEGF allele combinations −1498T/+1725A and −1498T/+1612A/+1725A were associated with an increased prevalence of CAD (G-T-C-C-A of VEGF −1154G>A/−1498T>C/+936C>T/+1451C>T/+1725G>A, AOR = 1.602, p = 0.047; T-C-C-A-A of VEGF −1498T>C/+936C>T/+1451C>T/+1612G>A/+1725G>A, AOR = 1.582, p = 0.045). Gene−environment combinatorial analysis showed that the combination of the VEGF +1725AA genotype and several clinical factors (e.g., body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) increased the risk of CAD. Therefore, we suggest that VEGF polymorphisms and clinical factors may impact CAD prevalence.
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26
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Chen CH, Chen MC, Hsu YH, Chou TC. Far-infrared radiation alleviates cisplatin-induced vascular damage and impaired circulation via activation of HIF-1α. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2194-2206. [PMID: 35411640 PMCID: PMC9207382 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe vascular damage and complications are often observed in cancer patients during treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin. Thus, development of potential options to ameliorate the vascular side effects is urgently needed. In this study, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of far‐infrared radiation (FIR) on cisplatin‐induced vascular injury and endothelial cytotoxicity/dysfunction in mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated. An important finding is that the severe vascular stenosis and poor blood flow seen in cisplatin‐treated mice were greatly mitigated by FIR irradiation (30 minutes/day) for 1‐3 days. Moreover, FIR markedly increased the levels of phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, and VEGF secretion, as well as the expression and the activity of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) in cisplatin‐treated HUVECs in a promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF)‐dependent manner. However, FIR‐stimulated endothelial angiogenesis and VEGF release were significantly diminished by transfection with HIF‐1α siRNA. We also confirmed that HIF‐1α, PI3K, and PLZF contribute to the inhibitory effect of FIR on cisplatin‐induced apoptosis in HUVECs. Notably, FIR did not affect the anticancer activity and the HIF‐1α/VEGF cascade in cisplatin‐treated cancer cells under normoxic or hypoxic condition, indicating that the actions of FIR may specifically target endothelial cells. It is the first study to demonstrate that FIR effectively attenuates cisplatin‐induced vascular damage and impaired angiogenesis through activation of HIF‐1α–dependent processes via regulation of PLZF and PI3K/Akt. Taken together, cotreatment with the noninvasive and easily performed FIR has a therapeutic potential to prevent the pathogenesis of vascular complications in cancer patients during cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tz-Chong Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.,China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404332, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.,Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, 22174, Taiwan
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27
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Effect of Neiyi Prescription of QIU on autophagy and angiogenic ability of endometriosis via the PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:533-545. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06537-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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28
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Fu J, Shinjo T, Li Q, St-Louis R, Park K, Yu MG, Yokomizo H, Simao F, Huang Q, Wu IH, King GL. Regenerating glomerular metabolism and function by podocyte pyruvate kinase M2 in diabetic nephropathy. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155260. [PMID: 35133981 PMCID: PMC8983139 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) arises from systemic and local changes in glucose metabolism and hemodynamics. We have reported that many glycolytic and mitochondrial enzymes, such as pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), were elevated in renal glomeruli of DN-protected type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Here, mice with PKM2-specific overexpression in podocytes (PPKM2Tg) were generated to uncover its renal protective function as potential therapeutic target, which prevented elevated albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), mesangial expansion, basement membrane thickness and podocyte foot process effacement after 7-months of STZ-induced diabetes. Further, diabetes-induced impairment of glycolytic rate and mitochondrial function were normalized in diabetic PPKM2Tg glomeruli, in concordance with elevated Ppargc1a and Vegf expressions. Restored VEGF expression improved glomerular maximal mitochondrial function in diabetic PPKM2Tg and WT mice. Elevated VEGF levels were observed in the glomeruli of DN-protected patients with chronic type 1 diabetes, and clinically correlated with estimated GFR, but not glycemic control. Mechanistically, the preservations of mitochondrial function and VEGF expression were dependent on tetrameric structure and enzymatic activities of PKM2 in podocyte. These findings demonstrated that PKM2 structure and enzymatic activation in podocytes can preserve entire glomerular mitochondrial function against toxicity of hyperglycemia via paracrine factors such as VEGF and prevent DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Fu
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Takanori Shinjo
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Qian Li
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Ronald St-Louis
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Marc G Yu
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Hisashi Yokomizo
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Fabricio Simao
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Qian Huang
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - I-Hsien Wu
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - George L King
- Dianne Nunnally Hoppes Laboratory for Diabetes Complications, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
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29
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Yue Q, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Hoi MPM. Murine Beta-Amyloid (1-42) Oligomers Disrupt Endothelial Barrier Integrity and VEGFR Signaling via Activating Astrocytes to Release Deleterious Soluble Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031878. [PMID: 35163801 PMCID: PMC8836933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) overexpress mutations of the human amyloid protein precursor (APP) and presenilin-1 (PSEN1) genes, which are known causes of amyloid pathology in familial AD. However, animal models for studying AD in the context of aging and age-related co-morbidities, such as blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruptions, are lacking. More recently, aged and progeroid mouse models have been proposed as alternatives to study aging-related AD, but the toxicity of murine amyloid-beta protein (Aβ) is not well defined. In this study, we aimed to study the potential toxicity of murine Aβ on brain endothelial cells and astrocytes, which are important components of the BBB, using mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) and astrocytes (C8-D1A). Murine-soluble Aβ (1–42) oligomers (sAβO42) (10 µM) induced negligible injuries in an endothelial monolayer but induced significant barrier disruptions in a bEnd.3 and C8-D1A co-culture. Similar results of endothelial perturbation were observed in a bEnd.3 monolayer treated with astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) generated by astrocytes exposed to sAβO42 (ACM-sAβO42), while additional exogenous sAβO42 did not cause further damage. Western blot analysis showed that ACM-sAβO42 altered the basal activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), eNOS, and the signaling of the MEK/ERK and Akt pathways in bEnd.3. Our results showed that murine sAβO42 was moderately toxic to an endothelial and astrocyte co-culture. These damaging effects on the endothelial barrier were induced by deleterious soluble factors released from astrocytes, which disrupted endothelial VEGFR2 signaling and perturbed cell survival and barrier stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Q.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +853-8822-4876
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Exploring the synergistic effects of cabozantinib and a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma with machine learning. Oncotarget 2022; 13:237-256. [PMID: 35106125 PMCID: PMC8794707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence supports the combination of cabozantinib with an immune checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) and suggests a synergistic antitumour activity of this combination. Nevertheless, the biological basis of this synergy is not fully characterized. We studied the mechanisms underpinning the potential synergism of cabozantinib combined with a PD1 inhibitor in mccRCC and delved into cabozantinib monotherapy properties supporting its role to partner these combinations. To model physiological drug action, we used a machine learning-based technology known as Therapeutic Performance Mapping Systems, applying two approaches: Artificial Neural Networks and Sampling Methods. We found that the combined therapy was predicted to exert a wide therapeutic action in the tumour and the microenvironment. Cabozantinib may enhance the effects of PD1 inhibitors on immunosurveillance by modulating the innate and adaptive immune system, through the inhibition of VEGF-VEGFR and Gas6-AXL/TYRO3/MER (TAM) axes, while the PD1 inhibitors may boost the antiangiogenic and pro–apoptotic effects of cabozantinib by modulating angiogenesis and T-cell cytotoxicity. Cabozantinib alone was predicted to restore cellular adhesion and hamper tumour proliferation and invasion. These data provide a biological rationale and further support for cabozantinib plus PD1 inhibitor combination and may guide future nonclinical and clinical research.
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Bevacizumab Increases Endothelin-1 Production via Forkhead Box Protein O1 in Human Glomerular Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Nephrol 2021; 2021:8381115. [PMID: 34912580 PMCID: PMC8668358 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8381115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxicity associated with bevacizumab are unclear. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in podocyte injury and proteinuria, and its level increases in most cases of kidney disorders. Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), a transcription factor, is a major determinant of ET-1 promoter activation and is regulated by protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation-dependent nuclear exclusion. We evaluated the effect of bevacizumab on ET-1 production in human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (hGECs). We analyzed the changes in the mRNA and protein levels of ET-1 in hGECs treated with bevacizumab using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Changes in the protein levels and phosphorylation status of Akt and FoxO1 in hGECs treated with bevacizumab were analyzed by western blotting. After cell lysis, FoxO1 protein was isolated from the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions. We also investigated the effects of AS1842856 (a FoxO1 inhibitor) on bevacizumab-induced ET-1 production. Bevacizumab significantly and dose-dependently increased the mRNA and protein levels of ET-1 in hGECs (p < 0.05). Bevacizumab treatment also led to a decrease in phosphorylated Akt protein levels. Inhibition of Akt activity by LY294002 promoted ET-1 production. Bevacizumab also induced an increase in FoxO1 protein levels in the nucleus. Inhibition of FoxO1 activity by AS1842856 resulted in decreased ET-1 levels in bevacizumab-treated hGECs. ET-1 axis activation, Akt inactivation, and FoxO1 nuclear localization are the molecular mechanisms underlying bevacizumab-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, inhibition of renal ET-1 production could be a promising approach to protect against or treat bevacizumab-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Catar R, Moll G, Kamhieh-Milz J, Luecht C, Chen L, Zhao H, Ernst L, Willy K, Girndt M, Fiedler R, Witowski J, Morawietz H, Ringdén O, Dragun D, Eckardt KU, Schindler R, Zickler D. Expanded Hemodialysis Therapy Ameliorates Uremia-Induced Systemic Microinflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction by Modulating VEGF, TNF-α and AP-1 Signaling. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774052. [PMID: 34858433 PMCID: PMC8632537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Systemic chronic microinflammation and altered cytokine signaling, with adjunct cardiovascular disease (CVD), endothelial maladaptation and dysfunction is common in dialysis patients suffering from end-stage renal disease and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. New hemodialysis filters might offer improvements. We here studied the impact of novel improved molecular cut-off hemodialysis filters on systemic microinflammation, uremia and endothelial dysfunction. Human endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated with uremic serum obtained from patients treated with two different hemodialysis regimens in the Permeability Enhancement to Reduce Chronic Inflammation (PERCI-II) crossover clinical trial, comparing High-Flux (HF) and Medium Cut-Off (MCO) membranes, and then assessed for their vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and angiogenesis. Compared to HF membranes, dialysis with MCO membranes lead to a reduction in proinflammatory mediators and reduced endothelial VEGF production and angiogenesis. Cytokine multiplex screening identified tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily members as promising targets. The influence of TNF-α and its soluble receptors (sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2) on endothelial VEGF promoter activation, protein release, and the involved signaling pathways was analyzed, revealing that this detrimental signaling was indeed induced by TNF-α and mediated by AP-1/c-FOS signaling. In conclusion, uremic toxins, in particular TNF-signaling, promote endothelial maladaptation, VEGF expression and aberrant angiogenesis, which can be positively modulated by dialysis with novel MCO membranes. Translational Perspective and Graphical Abstract Systemic microinflammation, altered cytokine signaling, cardiovascular disease, and endothelial maladaptation/dysfunction are common clinical complications in dialysis patients suffering from end-stage renal disease. We studied the impact of novel improved medium-cut-off hemodialysis filters on uremia and endothelial dysfunction. We can show that uremic toxins, especially TNF-signaling, promote endothelial maladaptation, VEGF expression and aberrant angiogenesis, which can be positively modulated by dialysis with novel improved medium-cut-off membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Moll
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Luecht
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongfan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucas Ernst
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Willy
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin-Luther-University Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Roman Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin-Luther-University Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Janusz Witowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Olle Ringdén
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology (TIM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Schindler
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Zickler
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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Ferrao Blanco MN, Domenech Garcia H, Legeai-Mallet L, van Osch GJVM. Tyrosine kinases regulate chondrocyte hypertrophy: promising drug targets for Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1389-1398. [PMID: 34284112 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major health problem worldwide that affects the joints and causes severe disability. It is characterized by pain and low-grade inflammation. However, the exact pathogenesis remains unknown and the therapeutic options are limited. In OA articular chondrocytes undergo a phenotypic transition becoming hypertrophic, which leads to cartilage damage, aggravating the disease. Therefore, a therapeutic agent inhibiting hypertrophy would be a promising disease-modifying drug. The therapeutic use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been mainly focused on oncology, but the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the Janus kinase inhibitor Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis has broadened the applicability of these compounds to other diseases. Interestingly, tyrosine kinases have been associated with chondrocyte hypertrophy. In this review, we discuss the experimental evidence that implicates specific tyrosine kinases in signaling pathways promoting chondrocyte hypertrophy, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Ferrao Blanco
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - H Domenech Garcia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - L Legeai-Mallet
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.
| | - G J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
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34
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Lemieux P, Birot O. Altitude, Exercise, and Skeletal Muscle Angio-Adaptive Responses to Hypoxia: A Complex Story. Front Physiol 2021; 12:735557. [PMID: 34552509 PMCID: PMC8450406 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, defined as a reduced oxygen availability, can be observed in many tissues in response to various physiological and pathological conditions. As a hallmark of the altitude environment, ambient hypoxia results from a drop in the oxygen pressure in the atmosphere with elevation. A hypoxic stress can also occur at the cellular level when the oxygen supply through the local microcirculation cannot match the cells’ metabolic needs. This has been suggested in contracting skeletal myofibers during physical exercise. Regardless of its origin, ambient or exercise-induced, muscle hypoxia triggers complex angio-adaptive responses in the skeletal muscle tissue. These can result in the expression of a plethora of angio-adaptive molecules, ultimately leading to the growth, stabilization, or regression of muscle capillaries. This remarkable plasticity of the capillary network is referred to as angio-adaptation. It can alter the capillary-to-myofiber interface, which represent an important determinant of skeletal muscle function. These angio-adaptive molecules can also be released in the circulation as myokines to act on distant tissues. This review addresses the respective and combined potency of ambient hypoxia and exercise to generate a cellular hypoxic stress in skeletal muscle. The major skeletal muscle angio-adaptive responses to hypoxia so far described in this context will be discussed, including existing controversies in the field. Finally, this review will highlight the molecular complexity of the skeletal muscle angio-adaptive response to hypoxia and identify current gaps of knowledges in this field of exercise and environmental physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lemieux
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olivier Birot
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tian M, Chen K, Huang J, Chu D, Li J, Huang K, Ma C. Asiatic acid inhibits angiogenesis and vascular permeability through the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway to inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer in mice. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6389-6400. [PMID: 34541711 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic medicines have been evaluated as anticancer therapies, however, their use remains limited in clinical practice due to associated adverse effects. Asiatic acid (AA) is known to have broad-spectrum anticancer properties, however, its effects on angiogenesis in breast cancer remain to be fully established. In this study, we analyzed the inhibitory effects of AA on angiogenesis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in vitro and on the growth and metastasis of a subcutaneous breast cancer 4T1 tumor model and a lung metastasis model in vivo. AA significantly inhibited HUVECs proliferation, migration, and tube formation in vitro. In vivo, AA significantly reduced the microvascular density and blood vascular permeability in breast cancer tumors and inhibited growth and lung metastasis. AA inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HUVECs and subsequently downregulated the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and its downstream target proteins including ERK1/2, Src, and FAK. These results indicate that AA significantly inhibits angiogenesis and blood vessel permeability through the VEGF/VEGFR2 signal axis to inhibit the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. Our data strongly demonstrate the potential applications of AA in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Tian
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Graduated School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Kan Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Chu
- Graduated School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jialin Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Graduated School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Keqiang Huang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Sissaoui S, Egginton S, Ting L, Ahmed A, Hewett PW. Hyperglycaemia up-regulates placental growth factor (PlGF) expression and secretion in endothelial cells via suppression of PI3 kinase-Akt signalling and activation of FOXO1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16344. [PMID: 34381074 PMCID: PMC8357836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta growth factor (PlGF) is a pro-inflammatory angiogenic mediator that promotes many pathologies including diabetic complications and atherosclerosis. Widespread endothelial dysfunction precedes the onset of these conditions. As very little is known of the mechanism(s) controlling PlGF expression in pathology we investigated the role of hyperglycaemia in the regulation of PlGF production in endothelial cells. Hyperglycaemia stimulated PlGF secretion in cultured primary endothelial cells, which was suppressed by IGF-1-mediated PI3K/Akt activation. Inhibition of PI3K activity resulted in significant PlGF mRNA up-regulation and protein secretion. Similarly, loss or inhibition of Akt activity significantly increased basal PlGF expression and prevented any further PlGF secretion in hyperglycaemia. Conversely, constitutive Akt activation blocked PlGF secretion irrespective of upstream PI3K activity demonstrating that Akt is a central regulator of PlGF expression. Knock-down of the Forkhead box O-1 (FOXO1) transcription factor, which is negatively regulated by Akt, suppressed both basal and hyperglycaemia-induced PlGF secretion, whilst FOXO1 gain-of-function up-regulated PlGF in vitro and in vivo. FOXO1 association to a FOXO binding sequence identified in the PlGF promoter also increased in hyperglycaemia. This study identifies the PI3K/Akt/FOXO1 signalling axis as a key regulator of PlGF expression and unifying pathway by which PlGF may contribute to common disorders characterised by endothelial dysfunction, providing a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Sissaoui
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Arima Genomics, 6404 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Stuart Egginton
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ling Ting
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Asif Ahmed
- MyrZyme Therapeutics Ltd, Faraday Wharf, Innovation Birmingham Campus, Holt Street, Birmingham, B4 4BB, UK
- School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Peter W Hewett
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Moon S, Chang MS, Koh SH, Choi YK. Repair Mechanisms of the Neurovascular Unit after Ischemic Stroke with a Focus on VEGF. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168543. [PMID: 34445248 PMCID: PMC8395233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional neural circuits are partially repaired after an ischemic stroke in the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, neurovascular units, including neurons, endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes maintain homeostasis; however, these cellular networks are damaged after an ischemic stroke. The present review discusses the repair potential of stem cells (i.e., mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial precursor cells, and neural stem cells) and gaseous molecules (i.e., nitric oxide and carbon monoxide) with respect to neuroprotection in the acute phase and regeneration in the late phase after an ischemic stroke. Commonly shared molecular mechanisms in the neurovascular unit are associated with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its related factors. Stem cells and gaseous molecules may exert therapeutic effects by diminishing VEGF-mediated vascular leakage and facilitating VEGF-mediated regenerative capacity. This review presents an in-depth discussion of the regeneration ability by which endogenous neural stem cells and endothelial cells produce neurons and vessels capable of replacing injured neurons and vessels in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunhong Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Mi-Sook Chang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, Korea;
| | - Yoon Kyung Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-0558; Fax: +82-2-444-3490
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Whelan IT, Moeendarbary E, Hoey DA, Kelly DJ. Biofabrication of vasculature in microphysiological models of bone. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34034238 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac04f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone contains a dense network of blood vessels that are essential to its homoeostasis, endocrine function, mineral metabolism and regenerative functions. In addition, bone vasculature is implicated in a number of prominent skeletal diseases, and bone has high affinity for metastatic cancers. Despite vasculature being an integral part of bone physiology and pathophysiology, it is often ignored or oversimplified inin vitrobone models. However, 3D physiologically relevant vasculature can now be engineeredin vitro, with microphysiological systems (MPS) increasingly being used as platforms for engineering this physiologically relevant vasculature. In recent years, vascularised models of bone in MPSs systems have been reported in the literature, representing the beginning of a possible technological step change in how bone is modelledin vitro. Vascularised bone MPSs is a subfield of bone research in its nascency, however given the impact of MPSs has had inin vitroorgan modelling, and the crucial role of vasculature to bone physiology, these systems stand to have a substantial impact on bone research. However, engineering vasculature within the specific design restraints of the bone niche is significantly challenging given the different requirements for engineering bone and vasculature. With this in mind, this paper aims to serve as technical guidance for the biofabrication of vascularised bone tissue within MPS devices. We first discuss the key engineering and biological considerations for engineering more physiologically relevant vasculaturein vitrowithin the specific design constraints of the bone niche. We next explore emerging applications of vascularised bone MPSs, and conclude with a discussion on the current status of vascularised bone MPS biofabrication and suggest directions for development of next generation vascularised bone MPSs.
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Li Y, Liang Z, He H, Huang X, Mo Z, Tan J, Guo W, Zhao Z, Wei S. The lncRNA HOTAIR regulates autophagy and affects lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through the miR-17-5p/ATG2/ATG7/ATG16 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8062-8073. [PMID: 34180119 PMCID: PMC8358883 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) play critical roles in acute lung injury (ALI). We aimed to explore the involvement of lncRNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic ribonucleic acid (HOTAIR) in regulating autophagy in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI. We obtained 1289 differentially expressed lncRNAs or messenger RNAs (mRNAs) via microarray analysis. HOTAIR was significantly upregulated in the LPS stimulation experimental group. HOTAIR knockdown (si‐HOTAIR) promoted cell proliferation in LPS‐stimulated A549 and BEAS‐2B cells, suppressing the protein expression of autophagy marker light chain 3B and Beclin‐1. Inhibition of HOTAIR suppressed LPS‐induced cell autophagy, apoptosis and arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase prior to S phase entry. Further, si‐HOTAIR alleviated LPS‐induced lung injury in vivo. We predicted the micro‐ribonucleic acid miR‐17‐5p to target HOTAIR and confirmed this via RNA pull‐down and dual luciferase reporter assays. miR‐17‐5p inhibitor treatment reversed the HOTAIR‐mediated effects on autophagy, apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell cycle. Finally, we predicted autophagy‐related genes (ATGs) ATG2, ATG7 and ATG16 as targets of miR‐17‐5p, which reversed their HOTAIR‐mediated protein upregulation in LPS‐stimulated A549 and BEAS‐2B cells. Taken together, our results indicate that HOTAIR regulated apoptosis, the cell cycle, proliferation and autophagy through the miR‐17‐5p/ATG2/ATG7/ATG16 axis, thus driving LPS‐induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhike Liang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexun Mo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Tan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuquan Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the United States exceeds 10 million people, and PAD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. PAD is typically caused by atherosclerotic obstructions in the large arteries to the leg(s). The most common clinical consequences of PAD include pain on walking (claudication), impaired functional capacity, pain at rest, and loss of tissue integrity in the distal limbs that may lead to lower extremity amputation. Patients with PAD also have higher than expected rates of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. Despite advances in surgical and endovascular procedures, revascularization procedures may be suboptimal in relieving symptoms, and some patients with PAD cannot be treated because of comorbid conditions. In some cases, relieving obstructive disease in the large conduit arteries does not assure complete limb salvage because of severe microvascular disease. Despite several decades of investigational efforts, medical therapies to improve perfusion to the distal limb are of limited benefit. Whereas recent studies of anticoagulant (eg, rivaroxaban) and intensive lipid lowering (such as PCSK9 [proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9] inhibitors) have reduced major cardiovascular and limb events in PAD populations, chronic ischemia of the limb remains largely resistant to medical therapy. Experimental approaches to improve limb outcomes have included the administration of angiogenic cytokines (either as recombinant protein or as gene therapy) as well as cell therapy. Although early angiogenesis and cell therapy studies were promising, these studies lacked sufficient control groups and larger randomized clinical trials have yet to achieve significant benefit. This review will focus on what has been learned to advance medical revascularization for PAD and how that information might lead to novel approaches for therapeutic angiogenesis and arteriogenesis for PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Annex
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (B.H.A.)
| | - John P Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX (J.P.C.)
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41
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Stepka P, Vsiansky V, Raudenska M, Gumulec J, Adam V, Masarik M. Metabolic and Amino Acid Alterations of the Tumor Microenvironment. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1270-1289. [PMID: 32031065 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200207114658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic changes driven by the hostile tumor microenvironment surrounding cancer cells and the effect of these changes on tumorigenesis and metastatic potential have been known for a long time. The usual point of interest is glucose and changes in its utilization by cancer cells, mainly in the form of the Warburg effect. However, amino acids, both intra- and extracellular, also represent an important aspect of tumour microenvironment, which can have a significant effect on cancer cell metabolism and overall development of the tumor. Namely, alterations in the metabolism of amino acids glutamine, sarcosine, aspartate, methionine and cysteine have been previously connected to the tumor progression and aggressivity of cancer. The aim of this review is to pinpoint current gaps in our knowledge of the role of amino acids as a part of the tumor microenvironment and to show the effect of various amino acids on cancer cell metabolism and metastatic potential. This review shows limitations and exceptions from the traditionally accepted model of Warburg effect in some cancer tissues, with the emphasis on prostate cancer, because the traditional definition of Warburg effect as a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis does not always apply. Prostatic tissue both in a healthy and transformed state significantly differs in many metabolic aspects, including the metabolisms of glucose and amino acids, from the metabolism of other tissues. Findings from different tissues are, therefore, not always interchangeable and have to be taken into account during experimentation modifying the environment of tumor tissue by amino acid supplementation or depletion, which could potentially serve as a new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Stepka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Vsiansky
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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42
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Xia S, Menden HL, Townley N, Mabry SM, Johnston J, Nyp MF, Heruth DP, Korfhagen T, Sampath V. Delta-like 4 is required for pulmonary vascular arborization and alveolarization in the developing lung. JCI Insight 2021; 6:134170. [PMID: 33830085 PMCID: PMC8119184 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms by which endothelial cells (ECs) regulate pulmonary vascularization and contribute to alveolar epithelial cell development during lung morphogenesis remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that delta-like 4 (DLL4), an EC Notch ligand, is critical for alveolarization by combining lung mapping and functional studies in human tissue and DLL4-haploinsufficient mice (Dll4+/lacz). DLL4 expressed in a PECAM-restricted manner in capillaries, arteries, and the alveolar septum from the canalicular to alveolar stage in mice and humans. Dll4 haploinsufficiency resulted in exuberant, nondirectional vascular patterning at E17.5 and P6, followed by smaller capillaries and fewer intermediate blood vessels at P14. Vascular defects coincided with polarization of lung EC expression toward JAG1-NICD-HES1 signature and decreased tip cell-like (Car4) markers. Dll4+/lacZ mice had impaired terminal bronchiole development at the canalicular stage and impaired alveolarization upon lung maturity. We discovered that alveolar type I cell (Aqp5) markers progressively decreased in Dll4+/lacZ mice after birth. Moreover, in human lung EC, DLL4 deficiency programmed a hypersprouting angiogenic phenotype cell autonomously. In conclusion, DLL4 is expressed from the canalicular to alveolar stage in mice and humans, and Dll4 haploinsufficiency programs dysmorphic microvascularization, impairing alveolarization. Our study reveals an obligate role for DLL4-regulated angiogenesis in distal lung morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xia
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Heather L. Menden
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Nick Townley
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Sherry M. Mabry
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffrey Johnston
- Genomic Medicine Center, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael F. Nyp
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel P. Heruth
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas Korfhagen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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Angiogenesis regulation by microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in human breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153326. [PMID: 33601152 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are capable of regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Since the past decade, a number of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies reported the roles of these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating angiogenesis, an important cancer hallmark that is associated with metastases and poor prognosis. The specific roles of various miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating angiogenesis in breast cancer, with particular focus on the downstream targets and signalling pathways regulated by these ncRNAs will be discussed in this review. In light of the recent trend in exploiting ncRNAs as cancer therapeutics, the potential use of miRNAs and lncRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic agent against angiogenesis was also discussed.
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Li Z, Li B, Wang J, Lu Y, Chen AFY, Sun K, Yu Y, Chen S. GAA deficiency promotes angiogenesis through upregulation of Rac1 induced by autophagy disorder. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118969. [PMID: 33513417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is vital for vertebrate development and adult homeostasis. Acid α-glucosidase (GAA) is a glycoside hydrolase involved in the lysosomal breakdown of glycogen. Our previous study showed that GAA was highly expressed in mouse pulmonary veins. While whether GAA was involved in angiogenesis remained largely unknown, thus, we performed knockdown experiments both in vivo and in vitro and endothelial cell function experiments to clarify this concern point. We identified that GAA expressed widely at different levels during zebrafish embryonic development and GAA morphants showed excessive angiogenesis of ISV at later stage. In GAA knockdown HUVECs, the migration and tube formation capacity were increased, resulted from the formation of large lamellipodia-like protrusions at the edge of cells. By analyzing autophagic flux, we found that autophagy disorder was the mechanism of GAA knockdown-induced excessive angiogenesis. The block of autophagic flux caused upregulation of Rac1, a small GTPase, and the latter promoted excessive sprouts in zebrafish and enhanced angiogenic behavior in HUVECs. In addition, overexpression of transcription factor E3, a master regulator of autophagy, rescued upregulation of RAC1 and enhanced angiogenic function in GAA-knockdown HUVECs. Also, inhibition of Rac1 partly restored enhanced angiogenic function in GAA-knockdown HUVECs. Taken together, our study firstly reported a novel function of GAA in angiogenesis which is mediated by upregulation of Rac1 induced by autophagy disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Baolei Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Alex F Y Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Sun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Wiszniak S, Schwarz Q. Exploring the Intracrine Functions of VEGF-A. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010128. [PMID: 33478167 PMCID: PMC7835749 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A or VEGF) is a highly conserved secreted signalling protein best known for its roles in vascular development and angiogenesis. Many non-endothelial roles for VEGF are now established, with the discovery that VEGF and its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 are expressed in many non-vascular cell-types, as well as various cancers. In addition to secreted VEGF binding to its receptors in the extracellular space at the cell membrane (i.e., in a paracrine or autocrine mode), intracellularly localised VEGF is emerging as an important signalling molecule regulating cell growth, survival, and metabolism. This intracellular mode of signalling has been termed “intracrine”, and refers to the direct action of a signalling molecule within the cell without being secreted. In this review, we describe examples of intracrine VEGF signalling in regulating cell growth, differentiation and survival, both in normal cell homeostasis and development, as well as in cancer. We further discuss emerging evidence for the molecular mechanisms underpinning VEGF intracrine function, as well as the implications this intracellular mode of VEGF signalling may have for use and design of anti-VEGF cancer therapeutics.
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46
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Dobbin SJ, Petrie MC, Myles RC, Touyz RM, Lang NN. Cardiotoxic effects of angiogenesis inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:71-100. [PMID: 33404052 PMCID: PMC7812690 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of new therapies for cancer has led to dramatic improvements in survivorship. Angiogenesis inhibitors represent one such advancement, revolutionising treatment for a wide range of malignancies. However, these drugs are associated with cardiovascular toxicities which can impact optimal cancer treatment in the short-term and may lead to increased morbidity and mortality in the longer term. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFIs) are associated with hypertension, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and heart failure as well as arterial and venous thromboembolism, QTc interval prolongation and arrhythmia. The mechanisms behind the development of VEGFI-associated LVSD and heart failure likely involve the combination of a number of myocardial insults. These include direct myocardial effects, as well as secondary toxicity via coronary or peripheral vascular damage. Cardiac toxicity may result from the 'on-target' effects of VEGF inhibition or 'off-target' effects resulting from inhibition of other tyrosine kinases. Similar mechanisms may be involved in the development of VEGFI-associated right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Some VEGFIs can be associated with QTc interval prolongation and an increased risk of ventricular and atrial arrhythmia. Further pre-clinical and clinical studies and trials are needed to better understand the impact of VEGFI on the cardiovascular system. Once mechanisms are elucidated, therapies can be investigated in clinical trials and surveillance strategies for identifying VEGFI-associated cardiovascular complications can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J.H. Dobbin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8TA
| | - Mark C. Petrie
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8TA
| | - Rachel C. Myles
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8TA
| | - Rhian M. Touyz
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8TA
| | - Ninian N. Lang
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom, G12 8TA
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47
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Zhou G, Da Won Bae S, Nguyen R, Huo X, Han S, Zhang Z, Hebbard L, Duan W, Eslam M, Liddle C, Yuen L, Lam V, Qiao L, George J. An aptamer-based drug delivery agent (CD133-apt-Dox) selectively and effectively kills liver cancer stem-like cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:124-132. [PMID: 33352247 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer has no effective therapies, hence a poor survival. Cancer stem-like cells not only contribute to cancer initiation and progression, but also to drug resistance, cancer metastasis, and eventually treatment failure. Hence, any approaches that can effectively kill cancer stem-like cells hold a great potential for cancer treatment. CD133 is a robust marker for liver cancer stem-like cells. We developed a specific aptamer against CD133 (CD133-apt), and then loaded this aptamer with an anticancer drug doxorubicin (CD133-apt-Dox). The efficacy of CD133-apt-Dox in targeting liver cancer stem-like cells and its overall effect in treating liver cancer were investigated using multiple in vitro and in vivo studies including in patients-derived liver cancer organoids. We have observed that CD133-apt could preferably delivered doxorubicin to CD133-expressing cells with efficient drug accumulation and retention. CD133-apt-Dox impaired the self-renewal capacity of liver cancer stem-like cells and attenuated their stem-ness phenotypes in vitro or in vivo. CD133-apt-Dox significantly inhibited the growth of liver cancer cells and patients-derived organoids and reduced the growth of xenograft tumours in nude mice inhibited the growth of DEN-induced liver cancer in immunocompetent mice. Hence, aptamer-mediated targeting of CD133 is a highly promising approach for liver cancer therapy.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen/genetics
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacokinetics
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/administration & dosage
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/genetics
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacokinetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/pharmacokinetics
- Drug Carriers/administration & dosage
- Drug Carriers/pharmacokinetics
- Drug Delivery Systems/methods
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Sarah Da Won Bae
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Romario Nguyen
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Huo
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Shuanglin Han
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Renal Inflammation and Immunology Group, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia; Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- Discipline of Molecular and Cell Biology, Australian Institute for Tropical Health and Medicine, Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3217, Australia
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Lawrence Yuen
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Vincent Lam
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
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48
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Wan X, Xie MK, Xu H, Wei ZW, Yao HJ, Wang Z, Zheng DC. Hypoxia-preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells combined with scaffold promote urethral reconstruction by upregulation of angiogenesis and glycolysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:535. [PMID: 33308306 PMCID: PMC7731784 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for urethral reconstruction, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are widely used as seeding cells. Hypoxia preconditioning can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs. The low oxygen tension of postoperative wound healing is inevitable and may facilitate the nutritional function of ADSCs. This study aimed to investigate if hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, compared to normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction and exploring the underlying mechanism. Methods In vitro, paracrine cytokines and secretomes that were secreted by hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were added to cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to measure their functions. In vivo, hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were seeded on a porous nanofibrous scaffold for urethral repair on a defect model in rabbits. Results The in vitro results showed that hypoxia could enhance the secretion of VEGFA by ADSCs, and hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs could enhance the viability, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of HUVECs (p < 0.05). After silencing VEGFA, angiogenesis and glycolysis were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). The in vivo results showed that compared to normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with scaffolds led to a larger urethral lumen diameter, preserved urethral morphology, and enhanced angiogenesis (p < 0.05). Conclusions Hypoxia preconditioning of ADSCs combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction by upregulating angiogenesis and glycolysis. Hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with novel scaffold may provide a promising alternative treatment for urethral reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wan
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Min-Kai Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wei
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hai-Jun Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Da-Chao Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road in Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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49
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Bose D, Banerjee S, Singh RK, Wise LM, Robertson ES. Vascular endothelial growth factor encoded by Parapoxviruses can regulate metabolism and survival of triple negative breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:996. [PMID: 33219203 PMCID: PMC7679371 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiotic microbiomes are linked to many pathological outcomes including different metabolic disorders like diabetes, atherosclerosis and even cancer. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer associated death in women, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type with major challenges for intervention. Previous reports suggested that Parapoxvirus signatures are one of the predominant dysbiotic viral signatures in TNBC. These viruses encode several genes that are homologs of human genes. In this study, we show that the VEGF homolog encoded by Parapoxviruses, can induce cell proliferation, and alter metabolism of breast cancer and normal breast cells, through alteration of MAPK-ERK and PI3K-AKT signaling. In addition, the activity of the transcription factor FoxO1 was altered by viral-encoded VEGF through activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway, leading to reprogramming of cellular metabolic gene expression. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the function of viral-encoded VEGFs, which promoted the growth of the breast cancer cells and imparted proliferative phenotype with altered metabolism in normal breast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Bose
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sagarika Banerjee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rajnish Kumar Singh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lyn M Wise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Erle S Robertson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Tumor Virology Program, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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50
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Benisek DA, Manzitti J, Scorsetti D, Rousselot Ascarza AM, Ascarza AA, Gomez Rancaño D, Quercia R, Ramirez Gismondi M, Carpio Total MA, Scorsetti ML, Spitzer E, Lombas C, Deprati M, Penna MI, Fernández F, Tinelli MA. Safety and clinical effectiveness of intravitreal administration of bevacizumab (Lumiere ®) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:162. [PMID: 33093900 PMCID: PMC7571337 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was an open-label, prospective, uncontrolled and multicenter clinical trial to investigate the safety and effectiveness of bevacizumab (Lumiere®) administered by the intravitreal route for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). A total of 22 patients without previous treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor were recruited. Monthly therapy with 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab was applied. Adverse events (AE), visual acuity (VA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were assessed at baseline, day 1 and day 28 after each injection. A total of 87 AEs were reported; most of them were not serious (96.6%), expected (65.5%) and occurred after the third injection (56.3%). The most frequent AE was 'conjunctival hemorrhage' (29.9% of AEs), attributed to the injection procedure. Treatment was not suspended due to safety reasons in any case. After six months, a statistically significant gain of +8.2 (SD±8.8) letters and a CRT reduction of -75.50 µm (SD±120.3) were achieved with unilateral therapy. VA improvement and CRT reduction were also achieved with bilateral therapy, although to a lesser extent. The results of the present study suggested that therapy with a minimum of 3 doses of bevacizumab over a 6-month period was well tolerated and resulted in a sustained response regarding VA improvement and CRT reduction from the beginning of therapy compared with the baseline value. The study protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ref. no. NCT03668054).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Benisek
- Consultorios Oftalmológicos Benisek-Ascarza, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1115ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julio Manzitti
- Consultorio Oftalmológico Julio Manzitti, Ciudad Autonóma de Buenos Aires, C1124AAG Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Scorsetti
- Instituto Scorsetti, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1120AAC Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andres M Rousselot Ascarza
- Consultorios Oftalmológicos Benisek-Ascarza, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1115ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Amalia A Ascarza
- Consultorios Oftalmológicos Benisek-Ascarza, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1115ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Gomez Rancaño
- Consultorios Oftalmológicos Benisek-Ascarza, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1115ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Quercia
- Consultorio Oftalmológico Julio Manzitti, Ciudad Autonóma de Buenos Aires, C1124AAG Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matias Ramirez Gismondi
- Consultorio Oftalmológico Julio Manzitti, Ciudad Autonóma de Buenos Aires, C1124AAG Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mateo A Carpio Total
- Instituto Scorsetti, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1120AAC Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L Scorsetti
- Instituto Scorsetti, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1120AAC Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Spitzer
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carola Lombas
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Deprati
- Health Department, Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Ines Penna
- Health Department, Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Fernández
- Pharmacovigilance Department Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo A Tinelli
- Clinical Research Department, Laboratorio Elea-Phoenix S.A., Los Polvorines, B1613AUE Buenos Aires, Argentina
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