1
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Ruggiu M, Guérin MV, Corre B, Bardou M, Alonso R, Russo E, Garcia Z, Feldmann L, Lemaître F, Dusseaux M, Grandjean CL, Bousso P. Anti-PD-1 therapy triggers Tfh cell-dependent IL-4 release to boost CD8 T cell responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232104. [PMID: 38417020 PMCID: PMC10901238 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-1 therapy targets intratumoral CD8+ T cells to promote clinical responses in cancer patients. Recent evidence suggests an additional activity in the periphery, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that anti-PD-1 mAb enhances CD8+ T cell responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes by stimulating cytokine production in follicular helper T cells (Tfh). In two different models, anti-PD-1 mAb increased the activation and proliferation of tumor-specific T cells in lymph nodes. Surprisingly, anti-PD-1 mAb did not primarily target CD8+ T cells but instead stimulated IL-4 production by Tfh cells, the major population bound by anti-PD-1 mAb. Blocking IL-4 or inhibiting the Tfh master transcription factor BCL6 abrogated anti-PD-1 mAb activity in lymph nodes while injection of IL-4 complexes was sufficient to recapitulate anti-PD-1 mAb activity. A similar mechanism was observed in a vaccine model. Finally, nivolumab also boosted human Tfh cells in humanized mice. We propose that Tfh cells and IL-4 play a key role in the peripheral activity of anti-PD-1 mAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Ruggiu
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Marion V. Guérin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Corre
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Margot Bardou
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Ruby Alonso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Erica Russo
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Zacarias Garcia
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Lea Feldmann
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lemaître
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Bousso
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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2
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Kyle RL, Prout M, Le Gros G, Robinson MJ. STAT6 tunes maximum T cell IL-4 production from stochastically regulated Il4 alleles. Immunol Cell Biol 2024; 102:194-211. [PMID: 38286436 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
T helper 2 (Th2) cells stochastically express from the Il4 locus but it has not been determined whether allelic expression is linked or independent. Here, we provide evidence that alleles are independently activated and inactivated. We compared Il4 locus expression in T cells from hemizygous IL-4 reporter mice in culture and in vivo following exposure to type 2 immunogens. In culture, Il4 alleles had independent, heritable expression probabilities. Modeling showed that in co-expressors, dual allele transcription occurs for only short periods, limiting per-cell mRNA variation in individual cells within a population of Th2 cells. In vivo profiles suggested that early in the immune response, IL-4 output was derived predominantly from single alleles, but co-expression became more frequent over time and were tuned by STAT6, supporting the probabilistic regulation of Il4 alleles in vivo among committed IL-4 producers. We suggest an imprinted probability of expression from individual alleles with a short transcriptional shutoff time controls the magnitude of T cell IL-4 output, but the amount produced per allele is amplified by STAT6 signaling. This form of regulation may be a relevant general mechanism governing cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Kyle
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Melanie Prout
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Graham Le Gros
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Marcus J Robinson
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Prahran, VIC, Australia
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3
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Yu DM, Zhao J, Lee EE, Kim D, Mahapatra R, Rose EK, Zhou Z, Hosler C, El Kurdi A, Choe JY, Abel ED, Hoxhaj G, Westover KD, Cho RJ, Cheng JB, Wang RC. GLUT3 promotes macrophage signaling and function via RAS-mediated endocytosis in atopic dermatitis and wound healing. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170706. [PMID: 37721853 PMCID: PMC10617774 DOI: 10.1172/jci170706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The facilitative GLUT1 and GLUT3 hexose transporters are expressed abundantly in macrophages, but whether they have distinct functions remains unclear. We confirmed that GLUT1 expression increased after M1 polarization stimuli and found that GLUT3 expression increased after M2 stimulation in macrophages. Conditional deletion of Glut3 (LysM-Cre Glut3fl/fl) impaired M2 polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Alternatively activated macrophages from the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis showed increased GLUT3 expression, and a calcipotriol-induced model of atopic dermatitis was rescued in LysM-Cre Glut3fl/fl mice. M2-like macrophages expressed GLUT3 in human wound tissues as assessed by transcriptomics and costaining, and GLUT3 expression was significantly decreased in nonhealing, compared with healing, diabetic foot ulcers. In an excisional wound healing model, LysM-Cre Glut3fl/fl mice showed significantly impaired M2 macrophage polarization and delayed wound healing. GLUT3 promoted IL-4/STAT6 signaling, independently of its glucose transport activity. Unlike plasma membrane-localized GLUT1, GLUT3 was localized primarily to endosomes and was required for the efficient endocytosis of IL-4Rα subunits. GLUT3 interacted directly with GTP-bound RAS in vitro and in vivo through its intracytoplasmic loop domain, and this interaction was required for efficient STAT6 activation and M2 polarization. PAK activation and macropinocytosis were also impaired without GLUT3, suggesting broader roles for GLUT3 in the regulation of endocytosis. Thus, GLUT3 is required for efficient alternative macrophage polarization and function, through a glucose transport-independent, RAS-mediated role in the regulation of endocytosis and IL-4/STAT6 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Yu
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eunice E. Lee
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dohun Kim
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute and
| | - Ruchika Mahapatra
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Elysha K. Rose
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Calvin Hosler
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Abdullah El Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jun-Yong Choe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gerta Hoxhaj
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute and
| | - Kenneth D. Westover
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond J. Cho
- Department of Dermatology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Richard C. Wang
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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4
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García-Fojeda B, Minutti CM, Montero-Fernández C, Stamme C, Casals C. Signaling Pathways That Mediate Alveolar Macrophage Activation by Surfactant Protein A and IL-4. Front Immunol 2022; 13:860262. [PMID: 35444643 PMCID: PMC9014242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.860262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of tissue repair program in macrophages requires the integration of IL-4/IL-13 cytokines and tissue-specific signals. In the lung, surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a tissue factor that amplifies IL-4Rα-dependent alternative activation and proliferation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) through the myosin18A receptor. However, the mechanism by which SP-A and IL-4 synergistically increase activation and proliferation of AMs is unknown. Here we show that SP-A amplifies IL-4-mediated phosphorylation of STAT6 and Akt by binding to myosin18A. Blocking PI3K activity or the myosin18A receptor abrogates SP-A´s amplifying effects on IL-4 signaling. SP-A alone activates Akt, mTORC1, and PKCζ and inactivates GSK3α/β by phosphorylation, but it cannot activate arginase-1 activity or AM proliferation on its own. The combined effects of IL-4 and SP-A on the mTORC1 and GSK3 branches of PI3K-Akt signaling contribute to increased AM proliferation and alternative activation, as revealed by pharmacological inhibition of Akt (inhibitor VIII) and mTORC1 (rapamycin and torin). On the other hand, the IL-4+SP-A-driven PKCζ signaling axis appears to intersect PI3K activation with STAT6 phosphorylation to achieve more efficient alternative activation of AMs. Consistent with IL-4+SP-A-driven activation of mTORC1 and mTORC2, both agonists synergistically increased mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in AMs, which are necessary for production of energy and metabolic intermediates for proliferation and alternative activation. We conclude that SP-A signaling in AMs activates PI3K-dependent branched pathways that amplify IL-4 actions on cell proliferation and the acquisition of AM effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén García-Fojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos M Minutti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Montero-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cordula Stamme
- Division of Cellular Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Cristina Casals
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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5
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van der Beek J, de Heus C, Liv N, Klumperman J. Quantitative correlative microscopy reveals the ultrastructural distribution of endogenous endosomal proteins. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212877. [PMID: 34817533 PMCID: PMC8624803 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The key endosomal regulators Rab5, EEA1, and APPL1 are frequently applied in fluorescence microscopy to mark early endosomes, whereas Rab7 is used as a marker for late endosomes and lysosomes. However, endogenous levels of these proteins localize poorly in immuno-EM, and systematic studies on their native ultrastructural distributions are lacking. To address this gap, we here present a quantitative, on-section correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) approach. Using the sensitivity of fluorescence microscopy, we label hundreds of organelles that are subsequently visualized by EM and classified by ultrastructure. We show that Rab5 predominantly marks small, endocytic vesicles and early endosomes. EEA1 colocalizes with Rab5 on early endosomes, but unexpectedly also labels Rab5-negative late endosomes, which are positive for PI(3)P but lack Rab7. APPL1 is restricted to small Rab5-positive, tubulo-vesicular profiles. Rab7 primarily labels late endosomes and lysosomes. These data increase our understanding of the structural-functional organization of the endosomal system and introduce quantitative CLEM as a sensitive alternative for immuno-EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan van der Beek
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia de Heus
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nalan Liv
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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6
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Zhou Q, Ren Q, Jiao L, Huang J, Yi J, Chen J, Lai J, Ji G, Zheng T. The potential roles of JAK/STAT signaling in the progression of osteoarthritis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1069057. [PMID: 36506076 PMCID: PMC9729341 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1069057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related chronic progressive degenerative disease that induces persistent pain and disabilities. The development of OA is a complex process, and the risk factors are various, including aging, genetics, trauma and altered biomechanics. Inflammation and immunity play an important role in the pathogenesis of OA. JAK/STAT pathway is one of the most prominent intracellular signaling pathways, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Inflammatory factors can act as the initiators of JAK/STAT pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiological activity of chondrocyte. In this article, we provide a review on the importance of JAK/STAT pathway in the pathological development of OA. Potentially, JAK/STAT pathway becomes a therapeutic target for managing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingluo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Linhui Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jishang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jincai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jinliang Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guanglin Ji, ; Tiansheng Zheng,
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guanglin Ji, ; Tiansheng Zheng,
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7
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Moser B, Edtmayer S, Witalisz-Siepracka A, Stoiber D. The Ups and Downs of STAT Inhibition in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1051. [PMID: 34440253 PMCID: PMC8392322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a highly heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy. The management of AML is complex and despite impressive efforts into better understanding its underlying molecular mechanisms, survival rates in the elderly have not shown a substantial improvement over the past decades. This is particularly due to the heterogeneity of AML and the need for personalized approaches. Due to the crucial role of the deregulated JAK-STAT signaling in AML, selective targeting of the JAK-STAT pathway, particularly constitutively activated STAT3 and STAT5 and their associated upstream JAKs, is of great interest. This strategy has shown promising results in vitro and in vivo with several compounds having reached clinical trials. Here, we summarize recent FDA approvals and current potential clinically relevant inhibitors for AML patients targeting JAK and STAT proteins. This review underlines the need for detailed cytogenetic analysis and additional assessment of JAK-STAT pathway activation. It highlights the ongoing development of new JAK-STAT inhibitors with better disease specificity, which opens up new avenues for improved disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dagmar Stoiber
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Division Pharmacology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.M.); (S.E.); (A.W.-S.)
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8
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Rothamel K, Arcos S, Kim B, Reasoner C, Lisy S, Mukherjee N, Ascano M. ELAVL1 primarily couples mRNA stability with the 3' UTRs of interferon-stimulated genes. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109178. [PMID: 34038724 PMCID: PMC8225249 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon pathogen detection, the innate immune system triggers signaling events leading to upregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-microbial mRNA transcripts. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) interact with these critical mRNAs and regulate their fates at the post-transcriptional level. One such RBP is ELAVL1. Although significant progress has been made in understanding how embryonic lethal vision-like protein 1 (ELAVL1) regulates mRNAs, its target repertoire and binding distribution within an immunological context remain poorly understood. We overlap four high-throughput approaches to define its context-dependent targets and determine its regulatory impact during immune activation. ELAVL1 transitions from binding overwhelmingly intronic sites to 3′ UTR sites upon immune stimulation of cells, binding previously and newly expressed mRNAs. We find that ELAVL1 mediates the RNA stability of genes that regulate pathways essential to pathogen sensing and cytokine production. Our findings reveal the importance of examining RBP regulatory impact under dynamic transcriptomic events to understand their post-transcriptional regulatory roles within specific biological circuitries. Rothamel et al. show that upon immune activation, the RNA-binding protein ELAVL1 accumulates in the cytoplasm and redistributes from introns to mRNA 3′ UTRs. 3′ UTR binding confers enrichment and transcript stability. Many top-ranking transcripts are interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), indicating that ELAVL1 is a positive regulator of an innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Rothamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sarah Arcos
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Byungil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Clara Reasoner
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Samantha Lisy
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Neelanjan Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Manuel Ascano
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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9
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Bai JY, Li Y, Xue GH, Li KR, Zheng YF, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Q, Liu YY, Zhou XZ, Cao C. Requirement of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in interleukin-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response. Theranostics 2021; 11:4894-4909. [PMID: 33754034 PMCID: PMC7978294 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-4 induces Akt activation in macrophages, required for full M2 (alternative) polarization. We examined the roles of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in M2 polarization using multiple genetic methods. Methods and Results: In MEFs and primary murine BMDMs, Gαi1/3 shRNA, knockout or dominant negative mutations attenuated IL-4-induced IL4Rα endocytosis, Gab1 recruitment as well as Akt activation, leaving STAT6 signaling unaffected. Following IL-4 stimulation, Gαi1/3 proteins associated with the intracellular domain of IL-4Rα and the APPL1 adaptor, to mediate IL-4Rα endosomal traffic and Gab1-Akt activation in BMDMs. In contrast, gene silencing of Gαi1/3 with shRNA or knockout resulted in BMDMs that were refractory to IL-4-induced M2 polarization. Conversely, Gαi1/3-overexpressed BMDMs displayed preferred M2 response with IL-4 stimulation. In primary human macrophages IL-4-induced Akt activation and Th2 genes expression were inhibited with Gαi1/3 silencing, but augmented with Gαi1/3 overexpression. In Gαi1/3 double knockout (DKO) mice, M2 polarization, by injection of IL-4 complex or chitin, was potently inhibited. Moreover, in a murine model of asthma, ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness were largely impaired in Gαi1/3 DKO mice. Conclusion: These findings highlight novel and essential roles for Gαi1/3 in regulating IL-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response.
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10
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Ogura M, Endo K, Suzuki T, Homma Y. Prenylated quinolinecarboxylic acid compound-18 prevents sensory nerve fiber outgrowth through inhibition of the interleukin-31 pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246630. [PMID: 33539470 PMCID: PMC7861556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is involved in excessive development of cutaneous sensory nerves in atopic dermatitis (AD), leading to severe pruritus. We previously reported that PQA-18, a prenylated quinolinecarboxylic acid (PQA) derivative, is an immunosuppressant with inhibition of p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) and improves skin lesions in Nc/Nga mice as an AD model. In the present study, we investigate the effect of PQA-18 on sensory nerves in lesional skin. PQA-18 alleviates cutaneous nerve fiber density in the skin of Nc/Nga mice. PQA-18 also inhibits IL-31-induced sensory nerve fiber outgrowth in dorsal root ganglion cultures. Signaling analysis reveals that PQA-18 suppresses phosphorylation of PAK2, Janus kinase 2, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), activated by IL-31 receptor (IL-31R), resulting in inhibition of neurite outgrowth in Neuro2A cells. Gene silencing analysis for PAK2 confirms the requirement for STAT3 phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth elicited by IL-31R activation. LC/MS/MS analysis reveals that PQA-18 prevents the formation of PAK2 activation complexes induced by IL-31R activation. These results suggest that PQA-18 inhibits the IL-31 pathway through suppressing PAK2 activity, which suppresses sensory nerve outgrowth. PQA-18 may be a valuable lead for the development of a novel drug for pruritus of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ogura
- Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kumiko Endo
- Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Suzuki
- Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Homma
- Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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11
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Regulation of Skin Barrier Function via Competition between AHR Axis versus IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 Axis: Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications in Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113741. [PMID: 33233866 PMCID: PMC7700181 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and chronic pruritus. As the anti-interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor α antibody dupilumab improves all three cardinal features of AD, the type 2 cytokines IL-4 and especially IL-13 have been indicated to have pathogenic significance in AD. Accumulating evidence has shown that the skin barrier function is regulated via competition between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) axis (up-regulation of barrier) and the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis (down-regulation of barrier). This latter axis also induces oxidative stress, which exacerbates inflammation. Conventional and recently developed agents for treating AD such as steroid, calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine, dupilumab, and JAK inhibitors inhibit the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis, while older remedies such as coal tar and glyteer are antioxidative AHR agonists. In this article, I summarize the pathogenic and therapeutic implications of the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis and the AHR axis in AD.
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12
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Kaw S, Ananth S, Tsopoulidis N, Morath K, Coban BM, Hohenberger R, Bulut OC, Klein F, Stolp B, Fackler OT. HIV-1 infection of CD4 T cells impairs antigen-specific B cell function. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105594. [PMID: 33146906 PMCID: PMC7737609 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Failures to produce neutralizing antibodies upon HIV‐1 infection result in part from B‐cell dysfunction due to unspecific B‐cell activation. How HIV‐1 affects antigen‐specific B‐cell functions remains elusive. Using an adoptive transfer mouse model and ex vivo HIV infection of human tonsil tissue, we found that expression of the HIV‐1 pathogenesis factor NEF in CD4 T cells undermines their helper function and impairs cognate B‐cell functions including mounting of efficient specific IgG responses. NEF interfered with T cell help via a specific protein interaction motif that prevents polarized cytokine secretion at the T‐cell–B‐cell immune synapse. This interference reduced B‐cell activation and proliferation and thus disrupted germinal center formation and affinity maturation. These results identify NEF as a key component for HIV‐mediated dysfunction of antigen‐specific B cells. Therapeutic targeting of the identified molecular surface in NEF will facilitate host control of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Kaw
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Swetha Ananth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsopoulidis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Morath
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bahar M Coban
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralph Hohenberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olcay C Bulut
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, SLK Klinikum Am Gesundbrunnen, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Florian Klein
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Bettina Stolp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver T Fackler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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York HM, Coyle J, Arumugam S. To be more precise: the role of intracellular trafficking in development and pattern formation. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:2051-2066. [PMID: 32915197 PMCID: PMC7609031 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Living cells interpret a variety of signals in different contexts to elucidate functional responses. While the understanding of signalling molecules, their respective receptors and response at the gene transcription level have been relatively well-explored, how exactly does a single cell interpret a plethora of time-varying signals? Furthermore, how their subsequent responses at the single cell level manifest in the larger context of a developing tissue is unknown. At the same time, the biophysics and chemistry of how receptors are trafficked through the complex dynamic transport network between the plasma membrane-endosome-lysosome-Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum are much more well-studied. How the intracellular organisation of the cell and inter-organellar contacts aid in orchestrating trafficking, as well as signal interpretation and modulation by the cells are beginning to be uncovered. In this review, we highlight the significant developments that have strived to integrate endosomal trafficking, signal interpretation in the context of developmental biology and relevant open questions with a few chosen examples. Furthermore, we will discuss the imaging technologies that have been developed in the recent past that have the potential to tremendously accelerate knowledge gain in this direction while shedding light on some of the many challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison M. York
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Joanne Coyle
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Senthil Arumugam
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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14
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Germann UA, Alam JJ. P38α MAPK Signaling-A Robust Therapeutic Target for Rab5-Mediated Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5485. [PMID: 32751991 PMCID: PMC7432772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifactorial pathologies, involving one or more aggregated protein(s) and neuroinflammation are common in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. This complexity of multiple pathogenic drivers is one potential explanation for the lack of success or, at best, the partial therapeutic effects, respectively, with approaches that have targeted one specific driver, e.g., amyloid-beta, in Alzheimer's disease. Since the endosome-associated protein Rab5 appears to be a convergence point for many, if not all the most prominent pathogenic drivers, it has emerged as a major therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disease. Further, since the alpha isoform of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α) is a major regulator of Rab5 activity and its effectors, a biology that is distinct from the classical nuclear targets of p38 signaling, brain-penetrant selective p38α kinase inhibitors provide the opportunity for significant therapeutic advances in neurogenerative disease through normalizing dysregulated Rab5 activity. In this review, we provide a brief summary of the role of Rab5 in the cell and its association with neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. We then discuss the connection between Rab5 and p38α and summarize the evidence that through modulating Rab5 activity there are therapeutic opportunities in neurodegenerative diseases for p38α kinase inhibitors.
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15
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Wang Y, Chen YJ, Xiang C, Jiang GW, Xu YD, Yin LM, Zhou DD, Liu YY, Yang YQ. Discovery of potential asthma targets based on the clinical efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112635. [PMID: 32004629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Standard therapy for asthma, a highly heterogeneous disease, is primarily based on bronchodilators and immunosuppressive drugs, which confer short-term symptomatic relief but not a cure. It is difficult to discover novel bronchodilators, although potential new targets are emerging. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas have been used to treat asthma for more than 2000 years, forming the basis for representative asthma treatments. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the efficacy of TCM formulas, anti-asthmatic herbal compounds bind proteins are potential targets for asthma therapy. This analysis will provide new drug targets and discovery strategies for asthma therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A list of candidate herbs for asthma was selected from the classical formulas (CFs) of TCM for the treatment of wheezing or dyspnea recorded in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases (TCDMD) and from modern herbal formulas identified in the SAPHRON TCM Database using the keywords "wheezing" or "dyspnea". Compounds in the selected herbs and compounds that directly bind target proteins were acquired by searching the Herbal Ingredients' Targets Database (HITD), TCM Data Bank (TCMDB) and TCM Integrated Database (TCMID). Therapeutic targets of conventional medicine (CM) for asthma were collected by searching Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), DrugBank and PubMed as supplements. Finally, the enriched gene ontology (GO) terms of the targets were obtained using the Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and protein-protein interactions (PPI) networks were constructed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). The effects of two selected TCM compounds, kaempferol and ginkgolide A, on cellular resistance in human airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and pulmonary resistance in a mouse model were investigated. RESULTS The list of 32 candidate herbs for asthma was selected from 10 CFs for the treatment of wheezing or dyspnea recorded in TCDMD and 1037 modern herbal formulas obtained from the SAPHRON TCM Database. A total of 130 compounds from the 32 selected herbs and 68 herbal compounds directly bind target proteins were acquired from HITD and TCMDB. Eighty-eight therapeutic targets of CM for asthma were collected by searching TTD and PubMed as supplements. DAVID and STRING analyses showed targets of TCM formulas are primarily related to cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and ribosomal protein. Both TCM formulas and CM act on the same types of targets or signaling pathways, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), steroid hormone receptors (SHRs), and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The proteins directly targeted by herbal compounds, TRPM8, TRPA1, TRPV3, CYP1B1, CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP1A1, PPARA, PPARD, NR1I2, MMP1, MMP2, ESR1, ESR2, RPLP0, RPLP1 and RPLP2, are potential targets for asthma therapy. In vitro results showed kaempferol (1 × 10-2 mM) and ginkgolide A (1 × 10-5 mM) significantly increased the cell index (P < 0.05 vs. histamine, n = 3) and therefore relaxed human ASMCs. In vivo results showed kaempferol (145 μg/kg) and ginkgolide A (205 μg/kg) significantly reduced pulmonary resistance (P < 0.05 vs. methacholine, n = 6). CONCLUSION Potential target discovery for asthma treatment based on the clinical effectiveness of TCM is a feasible strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan-Jiao Chen
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guang-Wei Jiang
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu-Dong Xu
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lei-Miao Yin
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhou
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan-Yan Liu
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong-Qing Yang
- International Union Laboratory on Acupuncture Based Target Discovery, International Joint Laboratory on Acupuncture Neuro-immunology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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16
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Zhao C, Mirando AC, Sové RJ, Medeiros TX, Annex BH, Popel AS. A mechanistic integrative computational model of macrophage polarization: Implications in human pathophysiology. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007468. [PMID: 31738746 PMCID: PMC6860420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages respond to signals in the microenvironment by changing their functional phenotypes, a process known as polarization. Depending on the context, they acquire different patterns of transcriptional activation, cytokine expression and cellular metabolism which collectively constitute a continuous spectrum of phenotypes, of which the two extremes are denoted as classical (M1) and alternative (M2) activation. To quantitatively decode the underlying principles governing macrophage phenotypic polarization and thereby harness its therapeutic potential in human diseases, a systems-level approach is needed given the multitude of signaling pathways and intracellular regulation involved. Here we develop the first mechanism-based, multi-pathway computational model that describes the integrated signal transduction and macrophage programming under M1 (IFN-γ), M2 (IL-4) and cell stress (hypoxia) stimulation. Our model was calibrated extensively against experimental data, and we mechanistically elucidated several signature feedbacks behind the M1-M2 antagonism and investigated the dynamical shaping of macrophage phenotypes within the M1-M2 spectrum. Model sensitivity analysis also revealed key molecular nodes and interactions as targets with potential therapeutic values for the pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease and cancer. Through simulations that dynamically capture the signal integration and phenotypic marker expression in the differential macrophage polarization responses, our model provides an important computational basis toward a more quantitative and network-centric understanding of the complex physiology and versatile functions of macrophages in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Adam C. Mirando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Sové
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thalyta X. Medeiros
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
- Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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17
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IL-2 receptors preassemble and signal in the ER/Golgi causing resistance to antiproliferative anti-IL-2Rα therapies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21120-21130. [PMID: 31570576 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901382116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 play pivotal roles in T cell activation, apoptosis, and survival, and are implicated in leukemias and autoimmune diseases. Their heterotrimeric receptors share their β- and γc-chains, but have distinct α-chains. Anti-IL-2Rα (daclizumab) therapy targeting cell surface-expressed receptor subunits to inhibit T cell proliferation has only brought limited success in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and in multiple sclerosis. We asked whether IL-2R subunits could already preassemble and signal efficiently in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi. A combination of daclizumab and anti-IL-2 efficiently blocked IL-2-induced proliferation of IL-2-dependent wild-type (WT) ATL cells but not cells transfected with IL-2, suggesting that in IL-2-producing cells signaling may already take place before receptors reach the cell surface. In the Golgi fraction isolated from IL-2-producing ATL cells, we detected by Western blot phosphorylated Jak1, Jak3, and a phosphotyrosine signal attributed to the γc-chain, which occurred at much lower levels in the Golgi of WT ATL cells. We expressed EGFP- and mCherry-tagged receptor chains in HeLa cells to study their assembly along the secretory pathway. Confocal microscopy, Förster resonance energy transfer, and imaging fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy analysis revealed partial colocalization and molecular association of IL-2 (and IL-15) receptor chains in the ER/Golgi, which became more complete in the plasma membrane, further confirming our hypothesis. Our results define a paradigm of intracellular autocrine signaling and may explain resistance to antagonistic antibody therapies targeting receptors at the cell surface.
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18
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Atopic Dermatitis and Type 2 Immune Deviation. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-019-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Goossens P, Rodriguez-Vita J, Etzerodt A, Masse M, Rastoin O, Gouirand V, Ulas T, Papantonopoulou O, Van Eck M, Auphan-Anezin N, Bebien M, Verthuy C, Vu Manh TP, Turner M, Dalod M, Schultze JL, Lawrence T. Membrane Cholesterol Efflux Drives Tumor-Associated Macrophage Reprogramming and Tumor Progression. Cell Metab 2019; 29:1376-1389.e4. [PMID: 30930171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages possess intrinsic tumoricidal activity, yet tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) rapidly adopt an alternative phenotype within the tumor microenvironment that is marked by tumor-promoting immunosuppressive and trophic functions. The mechanisms that promote such TAM polarization remain poorly understood, but once identified, they may represent important therapeutic targets to block the tumor-promoting functions of TAMs and restore their anti-tumor potential. Here, we have characterized TAMs in a mouse model of metastatic ovarian cancer. We show that ovarian cancer cells promote membrane-cholesterol efflux and depletion of lipid rafts from macrophages. Increased cholesterol efflux promoted IL-4-mediated reprogramming, including inhibition of IFNγ-induced gene expression. Genetic deletion of ABC transporters, which mediate cholesterol efflux, reverts the tumor-promoting functions of TAMs and reduces tumor progression. These studies reveal an unexpected role for membrane-cholesterol efflux in driving TAM-mediated tumor progression while pointing to a potentially novel anti-tumor therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Goossens
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Juan Rodriguez-Vita
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France; Vascular Signaling and Cancer (A270), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Anders Etzerodt
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Marion Masse
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Olivia Rastoin
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Victoire Gouirand
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany; PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Olympia Papantonopoulou
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Miranda Van Eck
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Universiteit Leiden, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Magali Bebien
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France
| | | | | | - Martin Turner
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Marc Dalod
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany; PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Toby Lawrence
- CNRS, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, CIML, Marseille 13009, France; Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Micriboal Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK; Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China.
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20
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He Z, Leong DJ, Xu L, Hardin JA, Majeska RJ, Schaffler MB, Thi MM, Yang L, Goldring MB, Cobelli NJ, Sun HB. CITED2 mediates the cross-talk between mechanical loading and IL-4 to promote chondroprotection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1442:128-137. [PMID: 30891766 PMCID: PMC6956611 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis is mediated largely through the actions of proteolytic enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13. The transcriptional regulator CITED2, which suppresses the expression of MMP13 in chondrocytes, is induced by interleukin (IL)-4 in T cells and macrophages, and by moderate mechanical loading in chondrocytes. We tested the hypothesis that CITED2 mediates cross-talk between IL-4 signaling and mechanical loading-induced pathways that result in chondroprotection, at least in part, by downregulating MMP13. IL-4 induced CITED2 gene expression in human chondrocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner through JAK/STAT signaling. Mechanical loading combined with IL-4 resulted in additive effects on inducing CITED2 expression and downregulating of MMP13 in human chondrocytes in vitro. In vivo, IL-4 gene knockout (KO) mice exhibited reduced basal levels of CITED2 expression in chondrocytes. While moderate treadmill running induced CITED2 expression and reduced MMP13 expression in wild-type mice, these effects were blunted (for CITED2) or abolished (for MMP13) in chondrocytes of IL-4 gene KO mice. Moreover, intra-articular injections of mouse recombinant IL-4 combined with regular cage activity mitigated post-traumatic OA to a greater degree compared to immobilized mice treated with IL-4 alone. These data suggest that using moderate loading to enhance IL-4 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for chondroprotection in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Daniel J. Leong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - John A. Hardin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert J. Majeska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Mitchell B. Schaffler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Mia M. Thi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary B. Goldring
- Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Neil J. Cobelli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Hui B. Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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21
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Trivedi S, Starz-Gaiano M. Drosophila Jak/STAT Signaling: Regulation and Relevance in Human Cancer and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124056. [PMID: 30558204 PMCID: PMC6320922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past three-decades, Janus kinase (Jak) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling has emerged as a paradigm to understand the involvement of signal transduction in development and disease pathology. At the molecular level, cytokines and interleukins steer Jak/STAT signaling to transcriptional regulation of target genes, which are involved in cell differentiation, migration, and proliferation. Jak/STAT signaling is involved in various types of blood cell disorders and cancers in humans, and its activation is associated with carcinomas that are more invasive or likely to become metastatic. Despite immense information regarding Jak/STAT regulation, the signaling network has numerous missing links, which is slowing the progress towards developing drug therapies. In mammals, many components act in this cascade, with substantial cross-talk with other signaling pathways. In Drosophila, there are fewer pathway components, which has enabled significant discoveries regarding well-conserved regulatory mechanisms. Work across species illustrates the relevance of these regulators in humans. In this review, we showcase fundamental Jak/STAT regulation mechanisms in blood cells, stem cells, and cell motility. We examine the functional relevance of key conserved regulators from Drosophila to human cancer stem cells and metastasis. Finally, we spotlight less characterized regulators of Drosophila Jak/STAT signaling, which stand as promising candidates to be investigated in cancer biology. These comparisons illustrate the value of using Drosophila as a model for uncovering the roles of Jak/STAT signaling and the molecular means by which the pathway is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Trivedi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Michelle Starz-Gaiano
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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22
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Gorby C, Martinez-Fabregas J, Wilmes S, Moraga I. Mapping Determinants of Cytokine Signaling via Protein Engineering. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2143. [PMID: 30319612 PMCID: PMC6170656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines comprise a large family of secreted ligands that are critical for the regulation of immune homeostasis. Cytokines initiate signaling via dimerization or oligomerization of the cognate receptor subunits, triggering the activation of the Janus Kinases (JAKs)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs) pathway and the induction of specific gene expression programs and bioactivities. Deregulation of cytokines or their downstream signaling pathways are at the root of many human disorders including autoimmunity and cancer. Identifying and understanding the mechanistic principles that govern cytokine signaling will, therefore, be highly important in order to harness the therapeutic potential of cytokines. In this review, we will analyze how biophysical (ligand-receptor binding geometry and affinity) and cellular (receptor trafficking and intracellular abundance of signaling molecules) parameters shape the cytokine signalosome and cytokine functional pleiotropy; from the initial cytokine binding to its receptor to the degradation of the cytokine receptor complex in the proteasome and/or lysosome. We will also discuss how combining advanced protein engineering with detailed signaling and functional studies has opened promising avenues to tackle complex questions in the cytokine signaling field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gorby
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Martinez-Fabregas
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Wilmes
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ignacio Moraga
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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23
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Muro S. Alterations in Cellular Processes Involving Vesicular Trafficking and Implications in Drug Delivery. Biomimetics (Basel) 2018; 3:biomimetics3030019. [PMID: 31105241 PMCID: PMC6352689 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics3030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis and vesicular trafficking are cellular processes that regulate numerous functions required to sustain life. From a translational perspective, they offer avenues to improve the access of therapeutic drugs across cellular barriers that separate body compartments and into diseased cells. However, the fact that many factors have the potential to alter these routes, impacting our ability to effectively exploit them, is often overlooked. Altered vesicular transport may arise from the molecular defects underlying the pathological syndrome which we aim to treat, the activity of the drugs being used, or side effects derived from the drug carriers employed. In addition, most cellular models currently available do not properly reflect key physiological parameters of the biological environment in the body, hindering translational progress. This article offers a critical overview of these topics, discussing current achievements, limitations and future perspectives on the use of vesicular transport for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muro
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) of the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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24
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Wu D, Wen X, Wang Y, Han X, Wang S, Shen M, Fan S, Zhuang J, Zhang Z, Shan Q, Li M, Hu B, Sun C, Lu J, Chen G, Zheng Y. Retracted
: Effect of microRNA‐186 on oxidative stress injury of neuron by targeting interleukin 2 through the janus kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9488-9502. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yong‐Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xin‐Rui Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Min Shen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shao‐Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco‐Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences Huaiyin Normal University Huaian China
| | - Zi‐Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Meng‐Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Chun‐Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Gui‐Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Model Animal Research Center Nanjing University Nanjing China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Yuan‐Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou China
- College of Health Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu China
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25
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Fisher KH, Fragiadaki M, Pugazhendhi D, Bausek N, Arredondo MA, Thomas SJ, Brown S, Zeidler MP. A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies MASK as a positive regulator of cytokine receptor stability. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209551. [PMID: 29848658 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine receptors often act via the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway to form a signalling cascade that is essential for processes such as haematopoiesis, immune responses and tissue homeostasis. In order to transduce ligand activation, cytokine receptors must dimerise. However, mechanisms regulating their dimerisation are poorly understood. In order to better understand the processes regulating cytokine receptor levels, and their activity and dimerisation, we analysed the highly conserved JAK/STAT pathway in Drosophila, which acts via a single receptor, known as Domeless. We performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in Drosophila cells, identifying MASK as a positive regulator of Domeless dimerisation and protein levels. We show that MASK is able to regulate receptor levels and JAK/STAT signalling both in vitro and in vivo We also show that its human homologue, ANKHD1, is also able to regulate JAK/STAT signalling and the levels of a subset of pathway receptors in human cells. Taken together, our results identify MASK as a novel regulator of cytokine receptor levels, and suggest functional conservation, which may have implications for human health.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Fisher
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Dhamayanthi Pugazhendhi
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nina Bausek
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria A Arredondo
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Sally J Thomas
- Department of Oncology & Human Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- The Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Martin P Zeidler
- The Bateson Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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26
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Casella G, Colombo F, Finardi A, Descamps H, Ill-Raga G, Spinelli A, Podini P, Bastoni M, Martino G, Muzio L, Furlan R. Extracellular Vesicles Containing IL-4 Modulate Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2107-2118. [PMID: 30017878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a major role in cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions, and their manipulation may represent a promising therapeutic strategy. Microglia, the parenchymal mononuclear phagocytes of the brain, modulate neighboring cells also through the release of EVs. The production of custom EVs filled with desired molecules, possibly targeted to make their uptake cell specific, and their administration in biological fluids may represent a valid approach for drug delivery. We engineered a murine microglia cell line, BV-2, to release EVs overexpressing the endogenous "eat me" signal Lactadherin (Mfg-e8) on the surface to target phagocytes and containing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4. A single injection of 107 IL-4+Mfg-e8+ EVs into the cisterna magna modulated established neuroinflammation and significantly reduced clinical signs in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Injected IL-4+Mfg-e8+ EVs target mainly phagocytes (i.e., macrophages and microglia) surrounding liquoral spaces, and their cargo promote the upregulation of anti-inflammatory markers chitinase 3-like 3 (ym1) and arginase-1 (arg1), significantly reducing tissue damage. Engineered EVs may represent a biological drug delivery tool able to deliver multiple functional molecules simultaneously to treat neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Casella
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Hélène Descamps
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gerard Ill-Raga
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonello Spinelli
- Experimental Imaging Centre, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Podini
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Bastoni
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvito Martino
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Muzio
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (InSpe), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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27
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Nagy É, Mocsár G, Sebestyén V, Volkó J, Papp F, Tóth K, Damjanovich S, Panyi G, Waldmann TA, Bodnár A, Vámosi G. Membrane Potential Distinctly Modulates Mobility and Signaling of IL-2 and IL-15 Receptors in T Cells. Biophys J 2018; 114:2473-2482. [PMID: 29754714 PMCID: PMC6129476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The high electric field across the plasma membrane might influence the conformation and behavior of transmembrane proteins that have uneven charge distributions in or near their transmembrane regions. Membrane depolarization of T cells occurs in the tumor microenvironment and in inflamed tissues because of K+ release from necrotic cells and hypoxia affecting the expression of K+ channels. However, little attention has been given to the effect of membrane potential (MP) changes on membrane receptor function. Therefore, we studied the influence of membrane de- and hyperpolarization on the biophysical properties and signaling of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptors, which play important roles in T cell function. We investigated the mobility, clustering, and signaling of these receptors and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I/II glycoproteins forming coclusters in lipid rafts of T cells. Depolarization by high K+ buffer or K+ channel blockers resulted in a decrease in the mobility of IL-2Rα and MHC glycoproteins, as shown by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, whereas hyperpolarization by the K+ ionophore valinomycin increased their mobility. Contrary to this, the mobility of IL-15Rα decreased upon both de- and hyperpolarization. These changes in protein mobility are not due to an alteration of membrane fluidity, as evidenced by fluorescence anisotropy measurements. Förster resonance energy transfer measurements showed that most homo- or heteroassociations of IL-2R, IL-15R, and MHC I did not change considerably, either. MP changes modulated signaling by the two cytokines in distinct ways: depolarization caused a significant increase in the IL-2-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, whereas hyperpolarization evoked a decrease only in the IL-15-induced signal. Our data imply that the MP may be an important modulator of interleukin receptor signaling and dynamics. Enhanced IL-2 signaling in depolarized Treg cells highly expressing IL-2R may contribute to suppression of antitumor immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Gábor Mocsár
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Julianna Volkó
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Ferenc Papp
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine; MTA-DE- NAP B Ion Channel Structure-Function Research Group, RCMM, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Tóth
- Division Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - György Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine; MTA-DE- NAP B Ion Channel Structure-Function Research Group, RCMM, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Thomas A Waldmann
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrea Bodnár
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine
| | - György Vámosi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine.
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28
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Hu X, Ji X, Yang M, Fan S, Wang J, Lu M, Shi W, Mei L, Xu C, Fan X, Hussain M, Du J, Wu J, Wu X. Cdc42 Is Essential for Both Articular Cartilage Degeneration and Subchondral Bone Deterioration in Experimental Osteoarthritis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:945-958. [PMID: 29314205 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cdc42, a member of Rho family small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), is critical for cartilage development. We investigated the roles of Cdc42 in osteoarthritis and explored the potential mechanism underlying Cdc42-mediated articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone deterioration. Cdc42 is highly expressed in both articular cartilage and subchondral bone in a mouse osteoarthritis model with surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in the knee joints. Specifically, genetic disruption of Cdc42, knockdown of Cdc42 expression, or inhibition of Cdc42 activity robustly attenuates the DMM-induced destruction, hypertrophy, high expression of matrix metallopeptidase-13 and collagen X, and activation of Stat3 in articular cartilages. Notably, genetic disruption of Cdc42, knockdown of Cdc42 expression or inhibition of Cdc42 activity significantly restored the increased numbers of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoprogenitors, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and neovascularized vessels, the increased bone mass, and the activated Erk1/2, Smad1/5 and Smad2 in subchondral bone of DMM-operated mice. Mechanistically, Cdc42 mediates interleukin-1β-induced interleukin-6 production and subsequent Jak/Stat3 activation to regulate chondrocytic inflammation, and also lies upstream of Erk/Smads to regulate subchondral bone remodeling during transform growth factor-β1 signaling. Cdc42 is apparently required for both articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone deterioration of osteoarthritis, thus, interventions targeting Cdc42 have potential in osteoarthritic therapy. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jirong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiping Lu
- Department of Rheumatology of t, he Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Du
- Department of Orthopedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Gonnord P, Angermann BR, Sadtler K, Gombos E, Chappert P, Meier-Schellersheim M, Varma R. A hierarchy of affinities between cytokine receptors and the common gamma chain leads to pathway cross-talk. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/524/eaal1253. [PMID: 29615515 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines belonging to the common gamma chain (γc) family depend on the shared γc receptor subunit for signaling. We report the existence of a fast, cytokine-induced pathway cross-talk acting at the receptor level, resulting from a limiting amount of γc on the surface of T cells. We found that this limited abundance of γc reduced interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-21 responses after IL-7 preexposure but not vice versa. Computational modeling combined with quantitative experimental assays indicated that the asymmetric cross-talk resulted from the ability of the "private" IL-7 receptor subunits (IL-7Rα) to bind to many of the γc molecules even before stimulation with cytokine. Upon exposure of T cells to IL-7, the high affinity of the IL-7Rα:IL-7 complex for γc further reduced the amount of free γc in a manner dependent on the concentration of IL-7. Measurements of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) between IL-4Rα and γc were reduced when IL-7Rα was overexpressed. Furthermore, in a system expressing IL-7Rα, IL-4Rα, and γc, BRET between IL-4Rα and γc increased after IL-4 binding and decreased when cells were preexposed to IL-7, supporting the assumption that IL-7Rα and the IL-7Rα:IL-7 complex limit the accessibility of γc for other cytokine receptor complexes. We propose that in complex inflammatory environments, such asymmetric cross-talk establishes a hierarchy of cytokine responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Gonnord
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bastian R Angermann
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Erin Gombos
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pascal Chappert
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Martin Meier-Schellersheim
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Rajat Varma
- Computational Biology Unit, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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30
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Somatic IL4R mutations in primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma lead to constitutive JAK-STAT signaling activation. Blood 2018; 131:2036-2046. [PMID: 29467182 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-808907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a distinct subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma thought to arise from thymic medullary B cells. Gene mutations underlying the molecular pathogenesis of the disease are incompletely characterized. Here, we describe novel somatic IL4R mutations in 15 of 62 primary cases of PMBCL (24.2%) and in all PMBCL-derived cell lines tested. The majority of mutations (11/21; 52%) were hotspot single nucleotide variants in exon 8, leading to an I242N amino acid change in the transmembrane domain. Functional analyses establish this mutation as gain of function leading to constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and upregulation of downstream cytokine expression profiles and B cell-specific antigens. Moreover, expression of I242N mutant IL4R in a mouse xenotransplantation model conferred growth advantage in vivo. The pattern of concurrent mutations within the JAK-STAT signaling pathway suggests additive/synergistic effects of these gene mutations contributing to lymphomagenesis. Our data establish IL4R mutations as novel driver alterations and provide a strong preclinical rationale for therapeutic targeting of JAK-STAT signaling in PMBCL.
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31
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Keselman A, Fang X, White PB, Heller NM. Estrogen Signaling Contributes to Sex Differences in Macrophage Polarization during Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1573-1583. [PMID: 28760880 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic Th2 inflammation in the lungs that constricts the airways and presents as coughing and wheezing. Asthma mostly affects boys in childhood and women in adulthood, suggesting that shifts in sex hormones alter the course of the disease. Alveolar macrophages have emerged as major mediators of allergic lung inflammation in animal models as well as humans. Whether sex differences exist in macrophage polarization and the molecular mechanism(s) that drive differential responses are not well understood. We found that IL-4-stimulated bone marrow-derived and alveolar macrophages from female mice exhibited greater expression of M2 genes in vitro and after allergen challenge in vivo. Alveolar macrophages from female mice exhibited greater expression of the IL-4Rα and estrogen receptor (ER) α compared with macrophages from male mice following allergen challenge. An ERα-specific agonist enhanced IL-4-induced M2 gene expression in macrophages from both sexes, but more so in macrophages from female mice. Furthermore, IL-4-stimulated macrophages from female mice exhibited more transcriptionally active histone modifications at M2 gene promoters than did macrophages from male mice. We found that supplementation of estrogen into ovariectomized female mice enhanced M2 polarization in vivo upon challenge with allergen and that macrophage-specific deletion of ERα impaired this M2 polarization. The effects of estrogen are long-lasting; bone marrow-derived macrophages from ovariectomized mice implanted with estrogen exhibited enhanced IL-4-induced M2 gene expression compared with macrophages from placebo-implanted littermates. Taken together, our findings suggest that estrogen enhances IL-4-induced M2 gene expression and thereby contributes to sex differences observed in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Keselman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Xi Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Preston B White
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Nicola M Heller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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32
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Ligand-induced type II interleukin-4 receptor dimers are sustained by rapid re-association within plasma membrane microcompartments. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15976. [PMID: 28706306 PMCID: PMC5519985 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatiotemporal organization of cytokine receptors in the plasma membrane is still debated with models ranging from ligand-independent receptor pre-dimerization to ligand-induced receptor dimerization occurring only after receptor uptake into endosomes. Here, we explore the molecular and cellular determinants governing the assembly of the type II interleukin-4 receptor, taking advantage of various agonists binding the receptor subunits with different affinities and rate constants. Quantitative kinetic studies using artificial membranes confirm that receptor dimerization is governed by the two-dimensional ligand–receptor interactions and identify a critical role of the transmembrane domain in receptor dimerization. Single molecule localization microscopy at physiological cell surface expression levels, however, reveals efficient ligand-induced receptor dimerization by all ligands, largely independent of receptor binding affinities, in line with the similar STAT6 activation potencies observed for all IL-4 variants. Detailed spatiotemporal analyses suggest that kinetic trapping of receptor dimers in actin-dependent microcompartments sustains robust receptor dimerization and signalling. The contribution of ligands for cytokine receptor dimerization is still not fully understood. Here, the authors show the efficient ligand-induced dimerization of type II interleukin-4 receptor at the plasma membrane and the kinetic trapping of signalling complexes by actin-dependent membrane microdomains.
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33
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Chen PH, Yao H, Huang LJS. Cytokine Receptor Endocytosis: New Kinase Activity-Dependent and -Independent Roles of PI3K. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:78. [PMID: 28507533 PMCID: PMC5410625 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I and II cytokine receptors are cell surface sensors that bind cytokines in the extracellular environment and initiate intracellular signaling to control processes such as hematopoiesis, immune function, and cellular growth and development. One key mechanism that regulates signaling from cytokine receptors is through receptor endocytosis. In this mini-review, we describe recent advances in endocytic regulations of cytokine receptors, focusing on new paradigms by which PI3K controls receptor endocytosis through both kinase activity-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These advances underscore the notion that the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K has functions beyond regulating PI3K kinase activity, and that PI3K plays both positive and negative roles in receptor signaling. On the one hand, the PI3K/Akt pathway controls various aspects downstream of cytokine receptors. On the other hand, it stimulates receptor endocytosis and downregulation, thus contributing to signaling attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-hung Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Huiyu Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lily Jun-shen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- *Correspondence: Lily Jun-shen Huang,
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Endocytic regulation of cytokine receptor signaling. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 32:63-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Windheim M. Interleukin-1-induced gene expression requires the membrane-raft-dependent internalization of the interleukin-1 receptor. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1520-9. [PMID: 27327966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Windheim
- Institute of Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Molfetta R, Quatrini L, Zitti B, Capuano C, Galandrini R, Santoni A, Paolini R. Regulation of NKG2D Expression and Signaling by Endocytosis. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:790-802. [PMID: 27667711 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
NKG2D is an activating receptor that can bind to a large number of stress-induced ligands that are expressed in the context of cancer or viral infection. This receptor is expressed on many cytotoxic lymphocytes, and plays a crucial role in antitumor and antiviral immune responses. However, exposure to NKG2D ligand-expressing target cells promotes receptor endocytosis, ultimately leading to lysosomal receptor degradation and impairment of NKG2D-mediated functions. Interestingly, before being degraded, internalized receptors can signal from the endosomal compartment, leading to the appropriate activation of cellular functional programs. This review summarizes recent findings on ligand-induced receptor internalization, with particular emphasis on the role of endocytosis in the control of both NKG2D-mediated intracellular signaling and receptor degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Molfetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Zitti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ricciarda Galandrini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy; Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Rossella Paolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Wu L, Xu F, Reinhard BM. Nanoconjugation prolongs endosomal signaling of the epidermal growth factor receptor and enhances apoptosis. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:13755-68. [PMID: 27378391 PMCID: PMC5081566 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02974d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that intracellular signaling can be subject to strict spatial control. As the covalent attachment of a signaling ligand to a nanoparticle (NP) impacts ligand-receptor binding, uptake, and trafficking, nanoconjugation provides new opportunities for manipulating intracellular signaling in a controlled fashion. To establish the effect of nanoconjugation on epidermal growth factor (EGF) mediated signaling, we investigate here the intracellular fate of nanoconjugated EGF (NP-EGF) and its bound receptor (EGFR) by quantitative correlated darkfield/fluorescence microscopy and density-based endosomal fractionation. We demonstrate that nanoconjugation prolongs the dwell time of phosphorylated receptors in the early endosomes and that the retention of activated EGFR in the early endosomes is accompanied by an EGF mediated apoptosis at effective concentrations that do not induce apoptosis in the case of free EGF. Overall, these findings indicate nanoconjugation as a rational strategy for modifying signaling that acts by modulating the temporo-spatial distribution of the activated EGF-EGFR ligand-receptor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wu
- Department of Chemistry and The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - F Xu
- Department of Chemistry and The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - B M Reinhard
- Department of Chemistry and The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Chen XL, Serrano D, Ghobadi F, Mayhue M, Hoebe K, Ilangumaran S, Ramanathan S. TCR and IL-7 Signaling Are Altered in the Absence of Functional GTPase of the Immune Associated Nucleotide Binding Protein 5 (GIMAP5). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151837. [PMID: 27023180 PMCID: PMC4811415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
GTPase of the immune associated nucleotide binding protein (GIMAP) family of proteins are expressed essentially in cells of the hematopoietic system. Mutation in the founding member of this gene family, Gimap5, results in the lymphopenic phenotype in Bio-Breeding diabetes prone rats. In mice, deletion of functional Gimap5 gene affects the survival and renewal of hematopoietic stem cells in addition to the defects observed in T cells. Here we show that T cells from OTII TCR-transgenic Gimap5sph/sph mice do not proliferate in response to its cognate antigen. Furthermore, T cells from Gimap5 mutant rats and mice show decreased phosphorylation of STAT5 following stimulation with IL-7. Our results suggest that functional Gimap5 is required for optimal signaling through TCR and IL-7R in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Lin Chen
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Serrano
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Farnaz Ghobadi
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Marian Mayhue
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Kasper Hoebe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, United States of America
| | - Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche clinique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Sheela Ramanathan
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche clinique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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