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Monteiro V, Dias da Silva D, Martins M, Guedes de Pinho P, Pinto J. Metabolomics perspectives of the ecotoxicological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A scoping review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118394. [PMID: 38307181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent persistent environmental pollutants ubiquitously distributed in the environment. Their presence alongside various other contaminants gives rise to intricate interactions, culminating in profound deleterious consequences. The combination effects of different PAH mixtures on biota remains a relatively unexplored domain. Recent studies have harnessed the exceptional sensitivity of metabolomic techniques to unveil the significant ecotoxicological perils of PAH pollution confronting both human populations and ecosystems. This article furnishes a comprehensive overview of current literature focused on the metabolic repercussions stemming from exposure to complex mixtures of PAHs or PAH-pollution sources using metabolomics approaches. These insights are obtained through a wide range of models, including in vitro assessments, animal studies, investigations on human subjects, botanical specimens, and soil environments. The findings underscore that PAH mixtures induce cellular stress responses and systemic effects, leading to metabolic dysregulations in amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and other key metabolites (e.g., organic acids, purines), with specific variations observed based on the organism and PAH compounds involved. Additionally, the ecological consequences of PAH pollutants on plant and soil microbial responses are emphasized, revealing significant changes in stress-related metabolites and nutrient cycling in soil ecosystems. The complex interplay of various PAHs and their metabolic effects on several models, as elucidated through metabolomics, highlight the urgency of further research and the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate the risks posed by these widespread environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Monteiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB ‒ Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO ‒ Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Diana Dias da Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB ‒ Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO ‒ Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; 1H-TOXRUN - One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU CRL, Rua Central de Gandra, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Marta Martins
- MARE ‒ Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB ‒ Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO ‒ Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- Associate Laboratory i4HB ‒ Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO ‒ Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Elsheref M, Messina L, Tarr MA. Photochemistry of oil in marine systems: developments since the Deepwater Horizon spill. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1878-1908. [PMID: 37881013 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills represent a major source of negative environmental impacts in marine systems. Despite many decades of research on oil spill behavior, photochemistry was neglected as a major factor in the fate of oil spilled in marine systems. Subsequent to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, numerous studies using varied approaches have demonstrated the importance of photochemistry, including short-term impacts (hours to days) that were previously unrecognized. These studies have demonstrated the importance of photochemistry in the overall oil transformation after a spill and more specifically the impacts on emulsification, oxygenation, and microbial interactions. In addition to new perspectives, advances in analytical approaches have allowed an improved understanding of oil photochemistry after maritime spill. Although the literature on the Deepwater Horizon spill is extensive, this review focuses only on studies relevant to the advances in oil photochemistry understanding since the Deepwater Horizon spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elsheref
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
| | - Lena Messina
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
| | - Matthew A Tarr
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
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3
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Monteiro FC, Carreira RDS, Gramlich KC, de Pinho JV, Massone CG, Vianna M, Hauser-Davis RA. A systematic review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination in elasmobranchs and associated human health risks. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115535. [PMID: 37714073 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination is ubiquitous and comprises a significant worldwide concern in ecological and Public Health frameworks. Many aquatic biota representatives have been reported as contaminated by these toxic compounds, including one of the most threatened vertebrate groups, elasmobranchs (sharks and rays). Although elasmobranchs play important ecological roles and provide significant ecosystem services, they are highly consumed and comprise a cheap source of protein for humans globally. Studies concerning elasmobranch PAH contamination are, however, notably lacking. A systematic review was, thus, conducted herein to assess PAH elasmobranch contamination and discuss potential human health risks following the Preferred Reporting Item Statement Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines applying the Population (P), Intervention (I), Comparison I, and Outcome (O) (PICO) strategy. A total of 86 published papers were retrieved by this method and analyzed. Only nine studies of this total concerned PAH elasmobranch contamination, assessed in 10 shark species and one ray species, with only one study calculating human health risks. A significant knowledge gap is, thus, noted for this subject, indicating the need to monitor PAH elasmobranch contamination in consumed shark and ray species worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francielli Casanova Monteiro
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Renato da Silva Carreira
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Kamila Cezar Gramlich
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Vianna de Pinho
- Instituto de Química, Departmento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Vigilância Sanitária, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos German Massone
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rua Marquês de São Vicente Street, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vianna
- Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. A., Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-541, Brazil; Instituto Museu Aquário Marinho do Rio de Janeiro (IMAM), Centro de Pesquisas do Aquário do Rio de Janeiro, AquaRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil..
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4
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Disasters with oil spills in the oceans: Impacts on food safety and analytical control methods. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Melo PTS, Torres JPM, Ramos LRV, Fogaça FHS, Massone CG, Carreira RS. PAHs impacts on aquatic organisms: contamination and risk assessment of seafood following an oil spill accident. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211215. [PMID: 35730899 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oil spills, intrinsically related to the petroleum production chain, represent a risk to the marine environment and a potential threat to humans through seafood consumption. We revised the NE Brazil oil spill and other accidents along the Brazilian coast, with a focus on seafood contamination, covering topics such as bioaccumulation, bioaccessibility, and risk analysis. Comprehensive knowledge of the impacts of spills helps in the interpretation of the dynamics of hydrocarbons released into the sea, contributing to actions to control their negative impacts. Currently, no legal limits have been established permanently in Brazil for PAHs in seafood edible tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamella Talita S Melo
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Km 07, Zona Rural, BR 465, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, 23890-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Paulo M Torres
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco G, Laboratório de Biofísica, Cidade Universitária, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R V Ramos
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Km 07, Zona Rural, BR 465, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, 23890-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Sereder, 13, Instituto de Zootecnia, Estação de Biologia Marinha, Itacuruçá, 23870-000 Mangaratiba, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Helena S Fogaça
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, Guaratiba, 23020-470 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos G Massone
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato S Carreira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Andrade-Rivas F, Afshari R, Yassi A, Mardani A, Taft S, Guttmann M, Rao AS, Thomas S, Takaro T, Spiegel JM. Industrialization and food safety for the Tsleil-Waututh Nation: An analysis of chemical levels in shellfish in Burrard Inlet. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112575. [PMID: 34932979 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While Indigenous food systems remain critical for community well-being, traditionally harvested foods are a potential source of toxic exposures. The Tsleil-Waututh Nation (TWN) is seeking to restore shellfish harvesting in Burrard Inlet (British Columbia [BC], Canada), where the cumulative effects of industrial activity have nearly eliminated safe harvesting. The Trans Mountain Expansion project would triple the capacity to transport oil through the inlet, threatening TWN's progress to restore shellfish harvesting. To inform ongoing efforts we assessed contamination by heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury) and 48 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) congeners in different shellfish species (Softshell clams, Varnish clams, and Dungeness crab) in three areas. We compared our results against local screening values (SVs) established by the TWN and BC Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy, as well as provincial and national benchmarks. In total, we analyzed 18 composite samples of Softshell clams and Varnish clams (5 individuals per sample), as well as 17 individual crabs. We found chemical contamination in all species at all sites. PAHs were most frequently detected in Softshell clams, highest in the site closest to the pipeline terminus. Clams presented higher levels of contamination than crabs for PAHs, but not for heavy metals. For Softshell and Varnish clams, all heavy metals across study sites exceeded at least one of the population-specific SVs. Of the 14 PAHs detected, benzo(a)pyrene presented a median concentration in Softshell clams of 3.25 μ/kg, exceeding local SV for subsistence fisher. Our results call for further assessment of human health impacts related to food harvesting within Burrard Inlet and establishing a long-term coordinated program co-led by the TWN to monitor contamination and inform future harvesting programs. The study draws attention to the need to consider locally-relevant toxicity benchmarks, and include potential health impacts of food contamination in appraising development project proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Andrade-Rivas
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada.
| | - R Afshari
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Yassi
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Mardani
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Taft
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Guttmann
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - A S Rao
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Thomas
- Tsleil-Waututh Nation, North Vancouver, Canada
| | - T Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - J M Spiegel
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
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Massone CG, Santos AA, Ferreira PG, Carreira RS. A baseline evaluation of PAH body burden in sardines from the southern Brazilian shelf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111949. [PMID: 33444996 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of 37 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their potential risk to human health were determined in fifty sardine muscle (Sardinella brasiliensis) samples collected along the southern Brazilian shelf. Parental and alkylated PAHs were identified and quantified using a pressurized liquid extraction with in-cell purification method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identification and quantification. The concentrations of Σ37 PAHs in muscle ranged between 6.02 and 4074 μg kg-1 wet weight, which are comparable to levels reported for commercially important fish worldwide. The most abundant compounds were pyrene and fluoranthene, which originate from both petrogenic and pyrolytic hydrocarbon inputs. In only 4% of the samples the benzo[a] pyrene equivalent concentration was above the threshold of 6 μg kg-1 suggested for safe fish consumption in Brazil. These findings will serve as baseline data for monitoring the quality of sardines consumed in the country and for studying fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Massone
- LabMAM/Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, 22451-900, Brazil
| | - A A Santos
- LabMAM/Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, 22451-900, Brazil
| | - P G Ferreira
- LabMAM/Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, 22451-900, Brazil
| | - R S Carreira
- LabMAM/Chemistry Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, 22451-900, Brazil.
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8
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Abstract
Millions of tons of oil are spilled in aquatic environments every decade, and this oil has the potential to greatly impact fish populations. Here, we review available information on the physiological effects of oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on fish. Oil toxicity affects multiple biological systems, including cardiac function, cholesterol biosynthesis, peripheral and central nervous system function, the stress response, and osmoregulatory and acid-base balance processes. We propose that cholesterol depletion may be a significant contributor to impacts on cardiac, neuronal, and synaptic function as well as reduced cortisol production and release. Furthermore, it is possible that intracellular calcium homeostasis-a part of cardiotoxic and neuronal function that is affected by oil exposure-may be related to cholesterol depletion. A detailed understanding of oil impacts and affected physiological processes is emerging, but knowledge of their combined effects on fish in natural habitats is largely lacking. We identify key areas deserving attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grosell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149, USA; ,
| | - Christina Pasparakis
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149, USA; ,
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9
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Monteiro CB, Oleinik PH, Leal TF, Kirinus EDP, Toldo Júnior EE, Marques WC, Lopes BDCFL. Susceptibility to oil spill spreading using case studies and simulated scenarios. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115451. [PMID: 33254713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fossil fuels still prevail over other energy sources in the world's consumption energy matrix. Thus, oil transportation and operations over maritime routes have been in high demand for a long time. Although oil spill accidents caused by these activities have reduced significantly over the last few decades, they still cause great concern. From this perspective, this paper presents simulation analyses of oil spill case studies using TELEMAC-3D hydrodynamic model coupled with an oil model. Hence a location susceptible to such accidents was selected and three real oil spills were simulated, for each of which there were official technical monitoring reports available. The obtained results contribute to the knowledge of oil pollution susceptibility in environmentally sensitive areas, as well as provide information concerning oil slick behaviour. Additionally, similarities between the modelled results and the technical reports were confirmed. These findings are useful for contingency planning and responding to these probable accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Barbosa Monteiro
- Postgraduate Program in Oceanology, Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Wiliam Correa Marques
- Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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Racicot JM, Mako TL, Healey A, Hos B, Levine M. Efficient Detection and Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Cyclodextrin-Modified Cellulose. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1730-1736. [PMID: 32790235 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covalent functionalization of cellulose with β-cyclodextrin by succinic acid-promoted cross-linking leads to a dual-function material that efficiently promotes proximity-induced energy transfer from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to squaraine fluorophores with high quantum yields, and removes PAHs from aqueous solution through non-covalent binding. This material, which possesses a high functionalization density (0.17 μg/mm2 of cyclodextrin on cellulose), promotes energy transfer efficiencies as high as 58 % (for an anthracene donor in combination with a squaraine fluorophore acceptor), and leads to the removal of up to 91 % of a PAH (pyrene) from aqueous solution by mixing of the solution with the functionalized material. Overall, the high performance of this material in both proximity-induced energy transfer and the removal of PAHs from water means that such a method has significant potential impact in a variety of real-world environmental remediation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Teresa L Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Anna Healey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Beria Hos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan Street, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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Stuchal LD, Charles-Ayinde MKS, Kane AS, Kozuch M, Roberts SM. Probabilistic risk assessment for high-end consumers of seafood on the northeastern Gulf coast. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2020; 30:478-491. [PMID: 30728481 PMCID: PMC6684874 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-019-0119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (April 20, 2010) caused concern regarding Gulf seafood safety. Communities were skeptical of governmental risk assessments because they did not take into account the higher consumption of seafood along coastal areas. The objective of this study was to perform a probabilistic risk assessment based on the consumption rates of high-end consumers of Gulf seafood. We utilized seafood consumption data from five communities across the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. This study collected finfish, shrimp, blue crab, and oysters from these communities and analyzed their tissues for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A probabilistic risk assessment was performed using population-specific seafood consumption rates and body weights for commercial fishers, recreational fishers, and a Filipino-American community. For non-cancer effects, 95th percentile hazard quotients for these targeted populations ranged between 1.84E-04 to 5.39E-03 for individual seafood types. The 95th percentile hazard indices for total seafood consumption ranged from 3.45E-03 to 8.41E-03. Based on total seafood consumption, highest hazard indices were modeled for the Filipino-American community followed by commercial and recreational fishers. Despite higher consumption rates, hazard indices for the high-end consumers targeted in this study were two to three orders of magnitude below the regulatory limit of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah D Stuchal
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - Andrew S Kane
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marianne Kozuch
- Analytical Toxicology Core Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen M Roberts
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Valizadeh Kakhki F, Zakaria MP, Mohammadi M, Aris AZ, Tajik H. Fingerprinting Techniques Investigation to Detect Petroleum Hydrocarbon Origin in Coastal Sediments of Persian Gulf. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2018.1441885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria
- Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lampour, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Persian Gulf University, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environmental Forensics, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Tajik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Guilan, Science, Rasht, Iran
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Farrington JW. Need to update human health risk assessment protocols for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seafood after oil spills. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110744. [PMID: 31910519 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The need to include alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human health risks assessments for oil contaminated seafood after crude oil spills is set forth. This is placed within the context of a brief review of the literature for PAHs and human health risk assessments after oil spills. The example of human health risk assessments for oil contaminated seafood after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill is reviewed with the conclusion that PAHs such as alkylated chrysenes/triphenylenes/benzanthracenes should have been included in the human health risk assessment and not dismissed as present in very low concentrations relative to their parent PAHs.
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14
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Jackson D, Huang M, Fernando H, Ansari G, Howarth M, Mesaros C, Penning T, Elferink C. Using Precision Environmental Health Principles in Risk Evaluation and Communication of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. New Solut 2019; 28:599-616. [PMID: 30798701 DOI: 10.1177/1048291118815606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a description of the rationale and processes adopted by the Gulf Coast Health Alliance: Health Risks related to the Macondo Spill consortium to evaluate and communicate the risk of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seafood over several years following the Deepwater Horizon disaster and subsequent oil spill. We examined gaps in knowledge associated with PAH toxicity following exposure to petrogenic (oil-derived) PAHs by studying the metabolic fate of PAHs and their potential toxicity using sophisticated analytical methods. Using the data generated, we developed a risk communication strategy designed to meet the needs of the stakeholder communities including a consumption guideline calculator, a web-based tool to reconcile seafood consumption with risk of adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jackson
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Meng Huang
- 2 Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,3 Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harshica Fernando
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA
| | - Ghulam Ansari
- 5 Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Marilyn Howarth
- 2 Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,3 Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- 2 Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,3 Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Trevor Penning
- 2 Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,3 Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cornelis Elferink
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.,6 Sealy Center for Environmental Health and Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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Yu Z, Lin Q, Gu Y, Du F, Wang X, Shi F, Ke C, Xiang M, Yu Y. Bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wild marine fish from the coastal waters of the northern South China Sea: Risk assessment for human health. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 180:742-748. [PMID: 31152988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Little data are available on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine fish associated with oil and gas activities from the South China Sea (SCS). Twenty-one wild marine fish species from the northern South China Sea were collected for analysis of the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The total concentration of the PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 199 to 606 ng·g-1 d.w., indicating moderate contamination. PAHs in fish species found in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) were significantly higher than those from the Yachen (YC) gas fields (p < 0.05). Planktivorous fish exhibited significantly higher concentrations of PAHs than carnivorous and omnivorous fish (p < 0.05). The PAHs were dominated by three ring compounds. Source identification analyses indicated that the PAH pollution originated from petroleum inputs. The cancer and non-cancer risk assessments concluded that the probable risk associated with the intake of PAHs via fish consumption is minimal. Long-term monitoring is necessary to determine the ecological impacts of PAHs associated with oil and gas activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Yangguang Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Feiyan Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Fengqiong Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Changliang Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
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Fernando H, Ju H, Kakumanu R, Bhopale KK, Croisant S, Elferink C, Kaphalia BS, Ansari GAS. Distribution of petrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seafood following Deepwater Horizon oil spill. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:200-207. [PMID: 31590776 PMCID: PMC6785834 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A community-based participatory research was utilized to address the coastal community's concern regarding Deepwater Horizon oil contamination of seafood. Therefore, we analyzed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), major toxic constituents of crude oil, in the seafood collected from gulf coast (Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi) during December 2011-February 2014. PAHs were extracted from edible part of shrimp, oysters, and crabs by the QuEChERS/dsPE procedure and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total PAHs data were further analyzed using the General Linear Mixed Model procedure of the SAS (Version 9.3, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC) statistical software. Brown shrimp showed statistically significant differences in PAHs levels with respect to time and locations while white shrimp showed differences at various time points. PAHs levels in oyster and crab samples were not statistically different at the Type I error of 0.05. Overall, the PAHs levels are far below FDA levels of concern for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshica Fernando
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Chemistry and Physics, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
| | - Hyunsu Ju
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ramu Kakumanu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kamlesh K Bhopale
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sharon Croisant
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Cornelis Elferink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Bhupendra S Kaphalia
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - G A Shakeel Ansari
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Bianchini K, Morrissey CA. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure impairs pre-migratory fuelling in captively-dosed Sanderling (Calidris alba). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:383-391. [PMID: 29902618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient fuelling is essential for migratory birds because fuel loads and fuelling rates affect individual fitness and survival during migration. Many migrant shorebirds are exposed to oil pollution and its toxic constituents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), at migratory staging sites, which has the potential to interfere with avian refuelling physiology. In this study, we orally dosed shorebirds with environmentally-relevant PAH mixtures to simulate dietary exposure during staging. Forty-nine wild-caught Sanderling (Calidris alba) were exposed to 0 (control), 12.6 (low), 126 (medium), or 1260 (high) μg total PAH/kg body weight/day. Birds were dosed during a 21-day period of autumn pre-migratory fuelling to mimic the typical staging duration of Sanderling. We measured daily changes in mass and fat loads, as well as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, serum biochemical profiles, and liver mass and lipid content following dosing. All dose groups gained fat and increased in mass (size-corrected) during the study period, with females having a higher average body mass than males. However, mass gain was 3.9, 5.4, and 3.8 times lower in the low, medium, and high dose groups, respectively, relative to controls, and body mass in the medium and high dose groups significantly declined near the end of the experiment. EROD activity showed a dose-dependent increase and was significantly elevated in the high dose group relative to controls. Higher individual EROD activity was associated with reduced serum bile acid and elevated serum creatine kinase concentrations in both sexes, and with elevated serum lipase concentrations in females. These results suggest that PAH exposure in Sanderling can interfere with mechanisms of lipid transport and metabolism, can cause muscle damage, and can lead to reduced overall fat loads that are critical to staging duration, departure decisions, migratory speed, and flight range. Given that many shorebirds migrate thousands of kilometers between the breeding and wintering grounds and frequently aggregate at key staging sites that are subject to contamination, PAH exposure likely represents a significant threat to shorebird migratory success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Bianchini
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5B3.
| | - Christy A Morrissey
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E2; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C8.
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18
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Quantitative Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Part Per Billion Levels in Fish Oil by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME–GC–MS). J Chromatogr Sci 2018; 57:87-92. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Sullivan J, Croisant S, Howarth M, Rowe GT, Fernando H, Phillips-Savoy A, Jackson D, Prochaska J, Ansari GAS, Penning TM, Elferink C. Building and Maintaining a Citizen Science Network With Fishermen and Fishing Communities Post Deepwater Horizon Oil Disaster Using a CBPR Approach. New Solut 2018; 28:416-447. [PMID: 30180781 DOI: 10.1177/1048291118795156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
When the Deepwater Horizon oil rig blew out in 2010, the immediate threats to productive deep water and estuarial fisheries and the region's fishing and energy economies were obvious. Less immediately obvious, but equally unsettling, were risks to human health posed by potential damage to the regional food web. This paper describes grassroots and regional efforts by the Gulf Coast Health Alliance: health risks related to the Macondo Spill Fishermen's Citizen Science Network project. Using a community-based participatory research approach and a citizen science structure, the multiyear project measured exposure to petrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, researched the toxicity of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and communicated project findings and seafood consumption guidelines throughout the region (coastal Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama). Description/analysis focuses primarily on the process of building a network of working fishermen and developing group environmental health literacy competencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sullivan
- 1 University of Texas Medical Branch / Sealy Center for Environmental Health & Medicine, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Marilyn Howarth
- 3 Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dan Jackson
- 7 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Prochaska
- 2 University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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20
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Wickliffe JK, Simon-Friedt B, Howard JL, Frahm E, Meyer B, Wilson MJ, Pangeni D, Overton EB. Consumption of Fish and Shrimp from Southeast Louisiana Poses No Unacceptable Lifetime Cancer Risks Attributable to High-Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2018; 38:1944-1961. [PMID: 29534340 PMCID: PMC6136993 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Following oil spills such as the Deepwater Horizon accident (DWH), contamination of seafood resources and possible increased health risks attributable to consumption of seafood in spill areas are major concerns. In this study, locally harvested finfish and shrimp were collected from research participants in southeast Louisiana and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs are some of the most important chemicals of concern regarding oil-spill-contaminated seafood resources during and following oil spills. Some PAHs are considered carcinogens for risk assessment purposes, and currently, seven of these can be combined in lifetime cancer risk assessments using EPA approaches. Most PAHs were not detected in these samples (minimum detection limits ranged from 1.2 to 2.1 PPB) and of those that were detected, they were generally below 10 PPB. The pattern of detected PAHs suggested that the source of these chemicals in these seafood samples was not a result of direct contact with crude oil. Lifetime cancer risks were assessed using conservative assumptions and models in a probabilistic framework for the seven carcinogenic PAHs. Lifetime health risks modeled using this framework did not exceed a 1/10,000 cancer risk threshold. Conservative, health-protective deterministic estimates of the levels of concern for PAH chemical concentration and seafood intake rates were above the concentrations and intake rates modeled under this probabilistic framework. Taken together, consumption of finfish and shrimp harvested from southeast Louisiana following the DWH does not pose unacceptable lifetime cancer risks from these seven carcinogenic PAHs even for the heaviest possible consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey K. Wickliffe
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Bridget Simon-Friedt
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Jessi L. Howard
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Ericka Frahm
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Buffy Meyer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Mark J. Wilson
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Deepa Pangeni
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
| | - Edward B. Overton
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
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21
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Burger J. Productivity of waterbirds in potentially impacted areas of Louisiana in 2011 following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:131. [PMID: 29427241 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (2010) could have affected the behavior and productivity of birds nesting along the Gulf of Mexico. This research examined the productivity of several species of colonial waterbirds in 2011 in LA colonies that were classified according to the M252 peak SCAT shoreline map oiling designations (as of April 6 2011) within 2 km of each colony. Colonies were classified as no oil, little oil, or medium to heavy oil. Because of the uneven distribution of oil and variation in bird composition within colonies, not all species occurred in each of the three oiling classes in the LA colonies studied. I tested the following hypotheses: (1) there were no interspecific differences in nesting phenology, (2) there were no differences in the number of species per colony as a function of oiling, and (3) there were no differences in reproductive measures as a function of oiling. Nesting phenology differed among species, with brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis), great egrets (Ardea alba), and tri-colored herons (Egretta tricolor) nesting earlier than the other species. There were no significant differences in the number of species nesting in colonies as a function of oiling category. Along LA's shoreline, nests in colonies with a "no oil" category within 2 km of the colony had similar or lower maximum number of chicks/nest, than those from birds in colonies designated as light or moderate/heavy oiling. Average maximum chick sizes in nests in colonies designated as no oil were either similar to or smaller than chicks in nests in colonies designated as either category of oiled. The data suggest that in the year following the oil spill, there were no differences in reproductive success. Although long-term studies are essential to determine effects on population dynamics, the continued exposure of birds nesting along the Gulf of Mexico to acute and chronic oil sources make this a nearly impossible task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Burger
- Division of Life Sciences and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8082, USA.
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22
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Rahbar MH, Swingle HM, Christian MA, Hessabi M, Lee M, Pitcher MR, Campbell S, Mitchell A, Krone R, Loveland KA, Patterson DG. Environmental Exposure to Dioxins, Dibenzofurans, Bisphenol A, and Phthalates in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder Living near the Gulf of Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1425. [PMID: 29160842 PMCID: PMC5708064 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to organic endocrine disrupting chemicals, including dioxins, dibenzofurans, bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We conducted a pilot monitoring study of 30 ASD cases and 10 typically developing (TD) controls ages 2-8 years from communities along the Gulf of Mexico near Alabama, which houses 14 Superfund sites, to assess the concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans in serum, and BPA and phthalate ester metabolites in urine. Based on General Linear Models, the lipid- or creatinine-adjusted geometric mean concentrations of the aforementioned chemicals did not differ between the ASD case and TD control groups (all p ≥ 0.27). We compared our findings to the adjusted means as reported by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, survey years 2011-2012, and found that TD controls in our study had lower BPA (59%) and MEHHP (26%) concentrations, higher MBP (50%) concentration, and comparable (<20% difference) MEP, MBZP, MEOHP, and MCPP concentrations. We also conducted a preliminary investigation of dietary exposures and found that the consumption of certain types of fish may be associated with higher OCDD concentrations, and the consumption of soft drinks and juices may be associated with lower BPA and MEOHP concentrations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Rahbar
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences (EHGES), University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Hanes M Swingle
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - MacKinsey A Christian
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Manouchehr Hessabi
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - MinJae Lee
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Meagan R Pitcher
- Baylor Licensing Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Sean Campbell
- AXYS Analytical Services Ltd., Sidney, BC V8L5X2, Canada.
| | - Amy Mitchell
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Ryan Krone
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Katherine A Loveland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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The Gulf Coast Health Alliance: Health Risks Related to the Macondo Spill (GC-HARMS) Study: Self-Reported Health Effects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14111328. [PMID: 29088124 PMCID: PMC5707967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) explosion in 2010 is the largest oil spill (Macondo) in U.S. history. We focused on gaining an understanding of the physical health and mental health effects attributable to the Macondo oil spill. This is a report of a cross-sectional cohort study (wave 1) to establish ‘baseline’ findings and meant to provide descriptive information to be used for a multi-wave, longitudinal study. Gulf Coast Health Alliance: health Risks related to the Macondo Spill (GC-HARMS) uses a Community-Based Participatory Research approach, thus including multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional academic partners and representatives of three communities impacted by the spill. Three research sites were selected for human sampling along the Gulf of Mexico coast including two from Mississippi and one from Louisiana, with Galveston, Texas, serving as a comparison site, given that it was not directly impacted by the spill. One hundred participants were selected from each community, representing adults, seniors and children, with approximately equal numbers of males and females in each group. Participants completed initial assessments including completion of a ‘baseline’ survey and, rigorous physical assessments. Results from wave 1 data collection reported herein reveal changes in self-reported physical health and mental health status following the oil spill, disparities in access to healthcare, and associations between mental health and emotional conditions related to displacement/unemployment. Few environmental health studies have been conducted in communities impacted by significant oil spills. Results imply potential prolonged effects on mental health and community vulnerability.
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Correlations of Biomarkers and Self-Reported Seafood Consumption among Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women in Southeastern Louisiana after the Gulf Oil Spill: The GROWH Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070784. [PMID: 28708119 PMCID: PMC5551222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Seafood contains health-promoting fatty acids, but is often contaminated with mercury (Hg), complicating recommendations and choices around fish consumption during pregnancy. Self-reported diet may be subject to inaccuracy and this inaccuracy could differ according to pregnancy status. We investigated correlations between self-reported seafood consumption and blood levels of Hg and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in women affected by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated comparing log blood Hg and n-3 PUFAs to seafood consumption, then stratified by pregnancy status. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were constructed using biomarkers of Hg and n-3 PUFA and seafood consumption, adjusting for age and pregnancy status. Weak but significant correlations were found between log Hg levels and intake of Hg-containing seafood ( r = 0.15) and were slightly stronger among pregnant women ( r = 0.22, vs. r = 0.10). Biomarkers for n-3 PUFAs were significantly correlated with seafood consumption ( r = 0.12). Hg-containing seafood consumption was associated with increased blood level Hg in the highest quartile in both unadjusted (β = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.53) and adjusted models (β = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08-0.48). Self-reported seafood consumption was correlated with biomarkers of both n-3 PUFA and Hg, but this association was different when stratified by pregnancy status. Pregnant women may have better recall of Hg-containing seafood compared to nonpregnant women.
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25
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Granneman JE, Jones DL, Peebles EB. Associations between metal exposure and lesion formation in offshore Gulf of Mexico fishes collected after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:462-477. [PMID: 28214010 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine patterns of short- and long-term metal exposure within the otoliths of six offshore fish species in varying states of health, as indicated by the presence of external skin lesions, and (2) determine if there was a change in otolith metal concentrations concurrent with the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Otoliths collected from 2011 to 2013 in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) were analyzed for a suite of trace metals known to be associated with DWH oil. We found that lesioned fish often had elevated levels of otolith 60Ni and 64Zn before, during, and after the DWH oil spill. In addition, metal exposure varied according to species-specific life history patterns. These findings indicate that lesioned individuals were exposed to a persistent source of trace-metals in the GoM prior to the oil spill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Granneman
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave. South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
| | - David L Jones
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave. South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Ernst B Peebles
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave. South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
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26
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Sathiakumar N, Tipre M, Turner-Henson A, Chen L, Leader M, Gohlke J. Post-deepwater horizon blowout seafood consumption patterns and community-specific levels of concern for selected chemicals among children in Mobile County, Alabama. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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DiScenza DJ, Gareau L, Serio N, Roque J, Prignano L, Verderame M, Levine M. Cyclodextrin-Promoted Detection of Aromatic Toxicants and Toxicant Metabolites in Urine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2016.1210021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana J. DiScenza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Lauren Gareau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Nicole Serio
- Department of Energy, Environmental Oversight Office, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Lindsey Prignano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Molly Verderame
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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Paruk JD, Adams EM, Uher-Koch H, Kovach KA, Long D, Perkins C, Schoch N, Evers DC. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in blood related to lower body mass in common loons. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 565:360-368. [PMID: 27177142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We captured 93 wintering adult and subadult Common Loons (Gavia immer) in coastal Louisiana from 2011 to 2015 following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. We tested blood samples for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and measured physiological variables including hematocrit, hemoglobin and total blood protein. PAH concentrations in loon blood differed from year to year and by age class. High PAH concentrations were significantly related to lower body masses in both adult and subadult birds and higher serum protein levels in adults only. PAH concentrations had marginal relations with both hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. The types of PAHs detected also underwent a major shift over time. The PAHs detected in 2011, 2012, and 2015 were primarily low molecular weight (three carbon rings); however, in 2013, most detected PAHs were high molecular weight (four carbon rings). It is unclear what events led to the increase in PAH concentrations and the shift in type of PAHs over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Paruk
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - Evan M Adams
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - Hannah Uher-Koch
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - Kristin A Kovach
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - Darwin Long
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - Christopher Perkins
- University of Connecticut, 3107 Horsebarn Hill Road, Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
| | - Nina Schoch
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
| | - David C Evers
- Biodiversity Research Institute, 276 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
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Simon-Friedt BR, Howard JL, Wilson MJ, Gauthe D, Bogen D, Nguyen D, Frahm E, Wickliffe JK. Louisiana residents' self-reported lack of information following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: Effects on seafood consumption and risk perception. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 180:526-37. [PMID: 27289418 PMCID: PMC5034714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill adversely impacted many communities along the Gulf of Mexico. Effects on Gulf waters, marshes, aquatic life, and fisheries were evident in the following days, months, and years. Through studying affected communities' perceptions regarding the DWH accident, we aim to identify behavioral changes, understand public information sources, and inform dissemination strategies that improve communications from regulatory agencies. Over a three-year period (2012-2015), residents (n = 192) from 7 coastal parishes in southeast Louisiana were surveyed about their perceptions and behaviors before, during, and after the DWH accident. Self-reported consumption of local seafood decreased significantly (50%) during the DWH oil spill but returned to pre-event reported levels by 2015. However, negative seafood quality perceptions remain and have not returned to what were generally positive pre-event levels. Over 30% of study participants trust relatives, friends, and neighbors more than government officials or scientists as information sources regarding locally harvested seafood. Importantly, nearly 50% of participants report that they lack the information needed to make informed decisions regarding the safety of consuming local seafood. We conclude that a lack of information and trust in government agencies exacerbated negative perceptions of oil spill-related dangers. In some cases, overestimation of perceived dangers likely led to behavioral modifications that persist today. Efforts should be made to improve relationships between public health agencies and communities in order to properly inform all citizens of risks following environmental disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget R Simon-Friedt
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Jessi L Howard
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Mark J Wilson
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - David Gauthe
- Bayou Interfaith Shared Community Organizing, 1922 Bayou Road, Thibodaux, LA, 70301, USA
| | - Donald Bogen
- Bayou Interfaith Shared Community Organizing, 1922 Bayou Road, Thibodaux, LA, 70301, USA
| | - Daniel Nguyen
- Mary Queen of Vietnam Community Development Corporation, 4626 Alcee Fortier Boulevard, New Orleans, LA, 70129, USA
| | - Ericka Frahm
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jeffrey K Wickliffe
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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Charlebois S, Summan A. A risk communication model for food regulatory agencies in modern society. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Serio N, Levine M. Efficient extraction and detection of aromatic toxicants from crude oil and tar balls using multiple cyclodextrin derivatives. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 95:242-7. [PMID: 25956442 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the efficient extraction of aromatic analytes from crude oil and tar balls using multiple cyclodextrin derivatives. The known propensity of the cyclodextrins to bind hydrophobic guests in their hydrophobic interiors enhanced the extraction of aromatic analytes from the oil layer to the aqueous layer, with methyl-β-cyclodextrin and β-cyclodextrin providing the most significant enhancement in extraction efficiencies of aromatic toxicants (69% aromatic toxicants in aqueous layer in the presence of methyl-β-cyclodextrin compared to 47% in cyclodextrin-free solution for tar ball oil extraction), and provide optimal tunability for developing efficient extraction systems. The cyclodextrin derivatives also promoted efficient energy transfer in the aqueous solutions, with up to 86% efficient energy transfer observed in the presence of γ-cyclodextrin compared to 50% in the absence of cyclodextrin for oil spill oil extraction. Together, this dual function extraction followed by detection system has potential in the development of environmental remediation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Serio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
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Sammarco PW, Kolian SR, Warby RAF, Bouldin JL, Subra WA, Porter SA. Concentrations in human blood of petroleum hydrocarbons associated with the BP/Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Gulf of Mexico. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:829-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wilson MJ, Frickel S, Nguyen D, Bui T, Echsner S, Simon BR, Howard JL, Miller K, Wickliffe JK. A targeted health risk assessment following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in Vietnamese-American shrimp consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:152-9. [PMID: 25333566 PMCID: PMC4314254 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 prompted concern about health risks among seafood consumers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via consumption of contaminated seafood. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to conduct population-specific probabilistic health risk assessments based on consumption of locally harvested white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) among Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana. METHODS We conducted a survey of Vietnamese Americans in southeast Louisiana to evaluate shrimp consumption, preparation methods, and body weight among shrimp consumers in the disaster-impacted region. We also collected and chemically analyzed locally harvested white shrimp for 81 individual PAHs. We combined the PAH levels (with accepted reference doses) found in the shrimp with the survey data to conduct Monte Carlo simulations for probabilistic noncancer health risk assessments. We also conducted probabilistic cancer risk assessments using relative potency factors (RPFs) to estimate cancer risks from the intake of PAHs from white shrimp. RESULTS Monte Carlo simulations were used to generate hazard quotient distributions for noncancer health risks, reported as mean ± SD, for naphthalene (1.8 × 10-4 ± 3.3 × 10-4), fluorene (2.4 × 10-5 ± 3.3 × 10-5), anthracene (3.9 × 10-6 ± 5.4 × 10-6), pyrene (3.2 × 10-5 ± 4.3 × 10-5), and fluoranthene (1.8 × 10-4 ± 3.3 × 10-4). A cancer risk distribution, based on RPF-adjusted PAH intake, was also generated (2.4 × 10-7 ± 3.9 × 10-7). CONCLUSIONS The risk assessment results show no acute health risks or excess cancer risk associated with consumption of shrimp containing the levels of PAHs detected in our study, even among frequent shrimp consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Wilson
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Pelley JL. Shrimp consumption after deepwater horizon: no evidence of excess risks for vietnamese americans. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:A45. [PMID: 25642628 PMCID: PMC4314241 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.123-a45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Charlebois S, Summan A. Determinants of Future Microbial Food Safety in Canada for risk communication. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Charlebois
- Department of Marketing and Consumer Studies; University of Guelph; MacDonald Institute Building Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Amit Summan
- Department of Finance and Economics; University of Guelph; MacDonald Institute Building Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
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Jörundsdóttir HÓ, Jensen S, Hylland K, Holth TF, Gunnlaugsdóttir H, Svavarsson J, Olafsdóttir Á, El-Taliawy H, Rigét F, Strand J, Nyberg E, Bignert A, Hoydal KS, Halldórsson HP. Pristine Arctic: background mapping of PAHs, PAH metabolites and inorganic trace elements in the North-Atlantic Arctic and sub-Arctic coastal environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 493:719-728. [PMID: 24995638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the ice cap of the Arctic diminishes due to global warming, the polar sailing route will be open larger parts of the year. These changes are likely to increase the pollution load on the pristine Arctic due to large vessel traffic from specific contaminant groups, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A well-documented baseline for PAH concentrations in the biota in the remote regions of the Nordic Seas and the sub-Arctic is currently limited, but will be vital in order to assess future changes in PAH contamination in the region. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were collected from remote sites in Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway and Sweden as well as from urban sites in the same countries for comparison. Cod (Gadus morhua) was caught north of Iceland and along the Norwegian coast. Sixteen priority PAH congeners and the inorganic trace elements arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were analysed in the blue mussel samples as well as PAH metabolites in cod bile. Σ16PAHs ranged from 28 ng/g dry weight (d.w.) (Álftafjörður, NW Iceland) to 480 ng/g d.w. (Ísafjörður, NW Iceland). Mussel samples from Mjóifjörður, East Iceland and Maarmorilik, West Greenland, contained elevated levels of Σ16PAHs, 370 and 280 ng/g d.w., respectively. Levels of inorganic trace elements varied with highest levels of arsenic in mussels from Ísafjörður, Iceland (79 ng/g d.w.), cadmium in mussels from Mjóifjörður, Iceland (4.3 ng/g d.w.), mercury in mussels from Sørenfjorden, Norway (0.23 ng/g d.w.) and lead in mussels from Maarmorilik, Greenland (21 ng/g d.w.). 1-OH-pyrene was only found above limits of quantification (0.5 ng/mL) in samples from the Norwegian coast, ranging between 44 and 140 ng/ml bile. Generally, PAH levels were low in mussels from the remote sites investigated in the study, which indicates limited current effect on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Jensen
- Matis Ltd., Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D, Vinlandsleid 12, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Fredrik Holth
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jörundur Svavarsson
- University of Iceland, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Askja - Natural Science Building, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ásdís Olafsdóttir
- The University of Iceland´s Research Centre in Sudurnes, Gardvegi 1, 245 Sandgerdi, Iceland
| | - Haitham El-Taliawy
- Matis Ltd., Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D, Vinlandsleid 12, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Frank Rigét
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jakob Strand
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Nyberg
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Bignert
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrin S Hoydal
- The Faroese Environment Agency, Traðagøta 38, P.O. Box 2048, FO-165 Argir, the Faroe Islands
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Cunha I, Neuparth T, Moreira S, Santos MM, Reis-Henriques MA. Management of contaminated marine marketable resources after oil and HNS spills in Europe. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 135:36-44. [PMID: 24508845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Different risk evaluation approaches have been used to face oil and hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) spills all over the world. To minimize health risks and mitigate economic losses due to a long term ban on the sale of sea products after a spill, it is essential to preemptively set risk evaluation criteria and standard methodologies based on previous experience and appropriate scientifically sound criteria. Standard methodologies are analyzed and proposed in order to improve the definition of criteria for reintegrating previously contaminated marine marketable resources into the commercialization chain in Europe. The criteria used in former spills for the closing of and lifting of bans on fisheries and harvesting are analyzed. European legislation was identified regarding food sampling, food chemical analysis and maximum levels of contaminants allowed in seafood, which ought to be incorporated in the standard methodologies for the evaluation of the decision criteria defined for oil and HNS spills in Europe. A decision flowchart is proposed that opens the current decision criteria to new material that may be incorporated in the decision process. Decision criteria are discussed and compared among countries and incidents. An a priori definition of risk criteria and an elaboration of action plans are proposed to speed up actions that will lead to prompt final decisions. These decisions, based on the best available scientific data and conducing to lift or ban economic activity, will tend to be better understood and respected by citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cunha
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Neuparth
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Moreira
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel M Santos
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; FCUP - Dept of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Armanda Reis-Henriques
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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Wilson MJ, Wickliffe JK, Overton E. A critique of the manuscript: "Distribution and concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons associated with the BP/Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Gulf of Mexico". MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 79:389-90. [PMID: 24461690 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Wilson
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Jeffrey K Wickliffe
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street Suite 2100, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ed Overton
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Fitzgerald TP, Gohlke JM. Contaminant levels in Gulf of Mexico reef fish after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill as measured by a fishermen-led testing program. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1993-2000. [PMID: 24401096 DOI: 10.1021/es4051555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The BP oil disaster posed a significant threat to the U.S. seafood industry. Invertebrates (shrimp, oyster, crab) and other nearshore species comprised the majority of postspill testing by federal and state agencies. Deeper water finfish were sampled less frequently, despite population ranges that overlapped with affected waters. We report on a voluntary testing program with Gulf of Mexico commercial fishermen to ensure the safety of their catch. Seven species of reef fish were tested for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, several metals, and a constituent of Corexit 9500A and 9527A dispersants. Only two of 92 samples had detectable levels of benzo(a)pyrene-equivalents (a combined measure of carcinogenic potency across 7 different PAHs), which were still below federal safety thresholds. PAH ratios for these samples suggest pyrogenic (not petrogenic) contamination - indicating potential sources other than Deepwater Horizon. Metals were largely absent (cadmium, lead) or consistent with levels previously reported (mercury, arsenic). One notable exception was tilefish, which showed mercury concentrations lower than expected. We did not detect dispersant in any of our samples, indicating that it was not present in these species during the study period. Our findings suggest minimal risk to public health from these seafoods as a result of the disaster; however, the most contaminated areas were not sampled through this program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Fitzgerald
- Oceans Program, Environmental Defense Fund, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 600, Washington, DC 20009, United States
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Wickliffe J, Overton E, Frickel S, Howard J, Wilson M, Simon B, Echsner S, Nguyen D, Gauthe D, Blake D, Miller C, Elferink C, Ansari S, Fernando H, Trapido E, Kane A. Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using analytical methods, toxicology, and risk assessment research: seafood safety after a petroleum spill as an example. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2014; 122:6-9. [PMID: 24213154 PMCID: PMC3888570 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant and widespread environmental chemicals. They are produced naturally and through man-made processes, and they are common in organic media, including petroleum. Several PAHs are toxic, and a subset exhibit carcinogenic activity. PAHs represent a range of chemical structures based on two or more benzene rings and, depending on their source, can exhibit a variety of side modifications resulting from oxygenation, nitrogenation, and alkylation. OBJECTIVES Here we discuss the increasing ability of contemporary analytical methods to distinguish not only different chemical structures among PAHs but also their concentrations in environmental media. Using seafood contamination following the Deepwater Horizon accident as an example, we identify issues that are emerging in the PAH risk assessment process because of increasing analytical sensitivity for individual PAHs, and we describe the paucity of toxicological literature for many of these compounds. DISCUSSION PAHs, including the large variety of chemically modified or substituted PAHs, are naturally occurring and may constitute health risks if human populations are exposed to hazardous levels. However, toxicity evaluations have not kept pace with modern analytic methods and their increased ability to detect substituted PAHs. Therefore, although it is possible to measure these compounds in seafood and other media, we do not have sufficient information on the potential toxicity of these compounds to incorporate them into human health risk assessments and characterizations. CONCLUSIONS Future research efforts should strategically attempt to fill this toxicological knowledge gap so human health risk assessments of PAHs in environmental media or food can be better determined. This is especially important in the aftermath of petroleum spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Wickliffe
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Serio N, Chanthalyma C, Prignano L, Levine M. Cyclodextrin-enhanced extraction and energy transfer of carcinogens in complex oil environments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:11951-7. [PMID: 24187939 DOI: 10.1021/am403702n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the use of γ-cyclodextrin for two tandem functions: (a) the extraction of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from oil samples into aqueous solution and (b) the promotion of highly efficient energy transfer from the newly extracted PAHs to a high-quantum-yield fluorophore. The extraction proceeded in moderate to good efficiencies, and the resulting cyclodextrin-promoted energy transfer led to a new, brightly fluorescent signal in aqueous solution. The resulting dual-function system (extraction followed by energy transfer) has significant relevance in the environmental detection and cleanup of oil-spill-related carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Serio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island , 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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Sammarco PW, Kolian SR, Warby RAF, Bouldin JL, Subra WA, Porter SA. Distribution and concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons associated with the BP/Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Gulf of Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 73:129-143. [PMID: 23831318 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We examined the geographic extent of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in sediment, seawater, biota, and seafood during/after the BP/Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (April 20-July 15, 2010; 28.736667°N, -88.386944°W). TPH, PAHs, and 12 compound classes were examined, particularly C1-benzo(a)anthracenes/chrysenes, C-2-/C-4-phenanthrenes/anthracenes, and C3-naphthalenes. Sediment TPH, PAHs, and all classes peaked near Pensacola, Florida, and Galveston, Texas. Seawater TPH peaked off Pensacola; all of the above classes peaked off the Mississippi River, Louisiana and Galveston. Biota TPH and PAHs peaked near the Mississippi River; C-3 napthalenes peaked near the spill site. Seafood TPH peaked near the spill site, with PAHs and all classes peaking near Pensacola. We recommend that oil concentrations continued to be monitored in these media well after the spill has ceased to assist in defining re-opening dates for fisheries; closures should be maintained until hydrocarbon levels are deemed within appropriate limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Sammarco
- Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), 8124 Hwy. 56, Chauvin, LA 70344, USA.
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Greiner AL, Lagasse LP, Neff RA, Love DC, Chase R, Sokol N, Smith KC. Reassuring or risky: the presentation of seafood safety in the aftermath of the British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Am J Public Health 2013; 103:1198-206. [PMID: 23678933 PMCID: PMC3682604 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2012.301093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill was enormously newsworthy; coverage interlaced discussions of health, economic, and environmental impacts and risks. We analyzed 315 news articles that considered Gulf seafood safety from the year following the spill. We explored reporting trends, risk presentation, message source, stakeholder perspectives on safety, and framing of safety messages. Approximately one third of articles presented risk associated with seafood consumption as a standalone issue, rather than in conjunction with environmental or economic risks. Government sources were most frequent and their messages were largely framed as reassuring as to seafood safety. Discussions of prevention were limited to short-term, secondary prevention approaches. These data demonstrate a need for risk communication in news coverage of food safety that addresses the larger risk context, primary prevention, and structural causes of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia L Greiner
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Ni HG, Guo JY. Parent and halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seafood from South China and implications for human exposure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:2013-2018. [PMID: 23379661 DOI: 10.1021/jf304836q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This work extends previous studies on the occurrence of persistent halogenated compounds in consumer seafood from South China. Residual levels of 16 U.S. EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 9 halogenated PAHs (HPAHs) were determined in three kinds of seafood products collected from 11 coastal cities in South China from June to October 2005. The results indicated that PAH components were low but detectable in a large number of seafood samples under investigation. The benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-like TEQ concentrations of HPAHs were higher than those of PAHs for all three kinds of seafood. The relative contributions of each seafood group to the total estimated daily intake of PAHs and HPAHs were also analyzed. Shellfish contributed the most to the total exposure for all subgroups, followed by shrimp. Overall, the excess cancer risks (ECRs) induced by HPAHs were much greater than the risks posed by PAHs. Both ECRs for PAHs and HPAHs were far below 10(-4), showing no significant cancer risk via seafood consumption for people in South China. Sensitivity analysis results show the oral cancer slope factor of BaP is the most influential variable that contributed most to the total variance of risk for all subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gang Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
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Carmichael RH, Jones AL, Patterson HK, Walton WC, Pérez-Huerta A, Overton EB, Dailey M, Willett KL. Assimilation of oil-derived elements by oysters due to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:12787-12795. [PMID: 23131011 DOI: 10.1021/es302369h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During and after the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DWHOS), oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were exposed to oil and susceptible to incidental consumption of surface and subsurface oil materials. We determined the contribution of oil materials from the DWHOS to diet of oysters by comparing carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios in oyster shell to ratios in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and in fresh and weathered oil. Average δ(13)C and δ(15)N values in oyster shell (-21 ± 1‰ and 9-11‰, respectively) were consistent with consumption of naturally available SPM as opposed to values in oil (-27 ± 0.2‰, 1.6 ± 0.4‰). Stable isotope ratios in oyster adductor muscle were similar to shell for δ(15)N but not δ(13)C, suggesting either a recent shift in diet composition or differential assimilation of C between tissue types. We found no evidence of assimilation of oil-derived C and N and, therefore, no evidence of an oyster-based conduit to higher trophic levels. Trace elements in shell were inconclusive to corroborate oil exposure. These findings are not an indication that oysters were not exposed to oil; rather they imply oysters either did not consume oil-derived materials or consumed too little to be detectable compared to natural diet.
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Abstract
This introduction to the Special Feature presents the context for science during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response, summarizes how scientific knowledge was integrated across disciplines and statutory responsibilities, identifies areas where scientific information was accurate and where it was not, and considers lessons learned and recommendations for future research and response. Scientific information was integrated within and across federal and state agencies, with input from nongovernmental scientists, across a diverse portfolio of needs--stopping the flow of oil, estimating the amount of oil, capturing and recovering the oil, tracking and forecasting surface oil, protecting coastal and oceanic wildlife and habitat, managing fisheries, and protecting the safety of seafood. Disciplines involved included atmospheric, oceanographic, biogeochemical, ecological, health, biological, and chemical sciences, physics, geology, and mechanical and chemical engineering. Platforms ranged from satellites and planes to ships, buoys, gliders, and remotely operated vehicles to laboratories and computer simulations. The unprecedented response effort depended directly on intense and extensive scientific and engineering data, information, and advice. Many valuable lessons were learned that should be applied to future events.
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Effects of crude oil, dispersant, and oil-dispersant mixtures on human fecal microbiota in an in vitro culture system. mBio 2012; 3:mBio.00376-12. [PMID: 23093387 PMCID: PMC3482501 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00376-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill of 2010 raised concerns that dispersant and dispersed oil, as well as crude oil itself, could contaminate shellfish and seafood habitats with hazardous residues that had potential implications for human health and the ecosystem. However, little is known about the effects of crude oil and dispersant on the human fecal microbiota. The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential effects of Deepwater Horizon crude oil, Corexit 9500 dispersant, and their combination on human fecal microbial communities, using an in vitro culture test system. Fecal specimens from healthy adult volunteers were made into suspensions, which were then treated with oil, dispersant, or oil-dispersant mixtures under anaerobic conditions in an in vitro culture test system. Perturbations of the microbial community, compared to untreated control cultures, were assessed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), real-time PCR, and pyrosequencing methods. DGGE and pyrosequencing analysis showed that oil-dispersant mixtures reduced the diversity of fecal microbiota from all individuals. Real-time PCR results indicated that the copy numbers of 16S rRNA genes in cultures treated with dispersed oil or oil alone were significantly lower than those in control incubations. The abundance of the Bacteroidetes decreased in crude oil-treated and dispersed-oil-treated cultures, while the Proteobacteria increased in cultures treated with dispersed oil. In conclusion, the human fecal microbiota was affected differently by oil and dispersed oil, and the influence of dispersed oil was significantly greater than that of either oil or dispersant alone compared to control cultures. There have been concerns whether human health is adversely affected by exposure to spilled crude oil, which contains regulated carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In this study, we determined the effect of BP Deepwater Horizon crude oil and oil dispersant on the human intestinal microbiota, since there is the potential that low-level residues of petrochemicals could contaminate seafood. The results of this study will increase our understanding of the ecophysiological changes in the microbial communities of the human gastrointestinal tract with respect to crude oil exposure.
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Mako T, Marks P, Cook N, Levine M. Fluorescent detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ternary cyclodextrin complexes. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2012.703325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Allan SE, Smith BW, Anderson KA. Impact of the deepwater horizon oil spill on bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Gulf of Mexico coastal waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:2033-9. [PMID: 22321043 PMCID: PMC3471659 DOI: 10.1021/es202942q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An estimated 4.1 million barrels of oil and 2.1 million gallons of dispersants were released into the Gulf of Mexico during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. There is a continued need for information about the impacts and long-term effects of the disaster on the Gulf of Mexico. The objectives of this study were to assess bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the coastal waters of four Gulf Coast states that were impacted by the spill. For over a year, beginning in May 2010, passive sampling devices were used to monitor the bioavailable concentration of PAHs. Prior to shoreline oiling, baseline data were obtained at all the study sites, allowing for direct before and after comparisons of PAH contamination. Significant increases in bioavailable PAHs were seen following the oil spill, however, preoiling levels were observed at all sites by March 2011. A return to elevated PAH concentrations, accompanied by a chemical fingerprint similar to that observed while the site was being impacted by the spill, was observed in Alabama in summer 2011. Chemical forensic modeling demonstrated that elevated PAH concentrations are associated with distinctive chemical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kim A. Anderson
- Corresponding Author: , Phone: 541-737-8501, Fax: 541-737-0497
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Federal seafood safety response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:20274-9. [PMID: 22315401 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1108886109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, petroleum-related compounds and chemical dispersants were detected in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. As a result, there was concern about the risk to human health through consumption of contaminated seafood in the region. Federal and Gulf Coast State agencies worked together on a sampling plan and analytical protocols to determine whether seafood was safe to eat and acceptable for sale in the marketplace. Sensory and chemical methods were used to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dispersant in >8,000 seafood specimens collected in federal waters of the Gulf. Overall, individual PAHs and the dispersant component dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate were found in low concentrations or below the limits of quantitation. When detected, the concentrations were at least two orders of magnitude lower than the level of concern for human health risk. Once an area closed to fishing was free of visibly floating oil and all sensory and chemical results for the seafood species within an area met the criteria for reopening, that area was eligible to be reopened. On April 19, 2011 the area around the wellhead was the last area in federal waters to be reopened nearly 1 y after the spill began. However, as of November 9, 2011, some state waters off the Louisiana coast (Barataria Bay and the Delta region) remain closed to fishing.
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