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Mancini M, Hémon D, de Crouy-Chanel P, Guldner L, Faure L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Association between Residential Proximity to Viticultural Areas and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk in Mainland France: GEOCAP Case-Control Study, 2006-2013. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107008. [PMID: 37850750 PMCID: PMC10583703 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposures are suspected of being a risk factor for several childhood cancers, particularly acute leukemia (AL). Most of the evidence is based on self-reported parental domestic use of pesticides, but some studies have also addressed associations with agricultural use of pesticides near the place of residence. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of AL in children living close to vines, a crop subject to intensive pesticide use. METHODS Data were drawn from the national registry-based GEOCAP study. We included all of the AL cases under the age of 15 years diagnosed in 2006-2013 (n = 3,711 ) and 40,196 contemporary controls representative of the childhood population in France. The proximity of the vines (probability of presence within 200, 500, and 1,000 m ) and the viticulture density (area devoted to vines within 1,000 m ) were evaluated around the geocoded addresses in a geographic information system combining three national land use maps. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for all AL and for the lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid (AML) subtypes. Heterogeneity between regions was studied by stratified analyses. Sensitivity analyses were carried out to take into account, in particular, geocoding uncertainty, density of other crops and potential demographic and environmental confounders. RESULTS In all, about 10% of the controls lived within 1 km of vines. While no evidence of association between proximity to vines and AL was found, viticulture density was positively associated with ALL [OR = 1.05 (1.00-1.09) for a 10% increase in density], with a statistically significant heterogeneity across regions. No association with AML was observed. The results remained stable in all the sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION We evidenced a slight increase in the risk of ALL in children living in areas with high viticulture density. This finding supports the hypothesis that environmental exposure to pesticides may be associated with childhood ALL. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12634.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Mancini
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Denis Hémon
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
| | - Perrine de Crouy-Chanel
- Direction appui, traitement et analyse de données (DATA), Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laurence Guldner
- Direction Santé, Environnement, Travail (DSET), Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laure Faure
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancers, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Université Paris-Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, INRAe, Paris, France
- National registry of childhood cancers, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Villejuif, et Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Mota ALC, Barbosa IM, Rodrigues AB, Chaves EMC, Almeida PCD. Pesticide exposure and risk of Central Nervous System tumors in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:2583-2594. [PMID: 37672448 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023289.00262023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors represent more than half of all childhood malignant neoplasms. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental exposure to pesticides and the development of CNS tumors in children. We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the PubMed/MEDILINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL databases. The inclusion criteria were cohort and case-control studies investigating the association between exposure to pesticides and CNS tumors (all histological types included in group III of the WHO Classification of Childhood Cancer) in children aged 0-14 years. The meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model and the Mantel-Haenszel method. Strength of association was measured using odds ratios (OR). The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under identification number CRD42021209354. The search identified 1,158 studies, 14 of which were included in the review. There was evidence of an association between the development of astrocytomas and exposure to all classes of pesticides (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.15-1.96; p=0.03). The synthesis of the evidence pointed to a relationship between exposure to pesticides and some histological types of CNS tumors in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lívia Cavalcante Mota
- Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil.
| | - Isadora Marques Barbosa
- Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil.
| | | | - Edna Maria Camelo Chaves
- Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil.
| | - Paulo César de Almeida
- Programa de Pós- Graduação em Cuidados Clínicos em Enfermagem e Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, Campus do Itaperi. 60714-903 Fortaleza CE Brasil.
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Bamouni S, Hémon D, Faure L, Clavel J, Goujon S. Residential proximity to croplands at birth and childhood leukaemia. Environ Health 2022; 21:103. [PMID: 36303166 PMCID: PMC9615229 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Domestic and parental occupational pesticide exposures are suspected of involvement in the occurrence of childhood acute leukaemia (AL), but the role of exposure to agricultural activities is little known. In a previous ecological study conducted in France, we observed an increase in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) incidence rate with increasing viticulture density in the municipalities of residence at diagnosis. Objectives This study aimed to test the hypothesis that residential proximity to croplands at birth increases the risk of childhood AL, with a particular focus on vineyards. Methods We identified all the primary AL cases diagnosed before the age of 15 years in the cohorts of children born in the French municipalities between 1990 and 2015. We estimated crop densities in each municipality of residence at birth using agricultural census data, for ten crop types. Variations in standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were evaluated with Poisson regression models, for all AL, ALL and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), separately. Results Among the 19,809,700 children born and residing in mainland France at birth in 1990–2015, 8,747 AL cases (7,236 ALL and 1,335 AML) were diagnosed over the period. We did not evidence any statistically significant positive association between total crop density or any specific crop density in the municipality of residence at birth and all AL, ALL or AML. Interestingly, we observed a higher ALL incidence rate in the municipalities with the highest viticulture densities (SIR = 1.25 95%CI [1.01–1.54]). Adjusting for the main potential confounders did not change the results. Conclusion Our study does not support the hypothesis that residential proximity to croplands, particularly vineyards, around birth plays a role in childhood leukaemia. The slightly higher ALL incidence rate in children born in the municipalities with the highest viticulture densities may reflect the previously-observed association at diagnosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12940-022-00909-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bamouni
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France. .,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Denis Hémon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laure Faure
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bât Leriche/porte 45, F-94807, Villejuif Cedex, France.,Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,French National Registry of Childhood Haematological Malignancies (RNHE), F-94807, Villejuif, France
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Roingeard C, Monnereau A, Goujon S, Orazio S, Bouvier G, Vacquier B. Passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and hematological malignancies in the general population: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43190-43216. [PMID: 34165744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incidence rates of hematological malignancies have been constantly increasing over the past 40 years. In parallel, an expanding use of agricultural pesticides has been observed. Only a limited number of studies investigated the link between hematological malignancies risk and passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides in the general population. The purpose of our review was to summarize the current state of knowledge on that question. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. We built a scoring scale to appraise relevance of each selected articles. We included 23 publications: 13 ecological studies, 9 case-control studies and a cohort study. Positive associations were reported between hematological malignancies and individual pesticides, pesticide groups, all pesticides without distinction, or some crop types. Relevance score was highly various across studies regardless of their design. Children studies were the majority and had overall higher relevance scores. The effect of passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides on hematological malignancies risk is suggested by the literature. The main limitation of the literature available is the high heterogeneity across studies, especially in terms of exposure assessment approach. Further studies with high methodological relevance should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Roingeard
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM), 37 allées Jules-Guesde, C/o Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de médecine, 31073, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- INSERM U1153 EPICEA Team, Université Paris Descartes, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier - Bat 15/16, 94807, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Orazio
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Ghislaine Bouvier
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Blandine Vacquier
- Gironde Register of Hematologic Malignancies, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED case 11, 46 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France
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Patel DM, Gyldenkærne S, Jones RR, Olsen SF, Tikellis G, Granström C, Dwyer T, Stayner LT, Ward MH. Residential proximity to agriculture and risk of childhood leukemia and central nervous system tumors in the Danish national birth cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105955. [PMID: 32711331 PMCID: PMC10115138 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living in an agricultural area or on farms has been associated with increased risk of childhood cancer but few studies have evaluated specific agricultural exposures. We prospectively examined residential proximity to crops and animals during pregnancy and risk of childhood leukemia and central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Denmark. METHODS The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) consists of 91,769 pregnant women (96,841 live-born children) enrolled in 1996-2003. For 61 childhood leukemias and 59 CNS tumors <15 years of age that were diagnosed through 2014 and a ~10% random sample of the live births (N = 9394) with geocoded addresses, we linked pregnancy addresses to crop fields and animal farm locations and estimated the crop area (hectares [ha]) and number of animals (standardized by their nitrogen emissions) by type within 250 meters (m), 500 m, 1000 m, and 2000 m of the home. We also estimated pesticide applications (grams, active ingredient) based on annual sales data for nine herbicides and one fungicide that were estimated to have been applied to >30% of the area of one or more crop. We used Cox proportional hazard models (weighted to the full cohort) to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of childhood leukemia and CNS tumors with crop area, animals, and pesticide applications adjusted for gender and maternal age. RESULTS Sixty-three percent of mothers had crops within 500 m of their homes during pregnancy; winter and spring cereals were the major crop types. Compared to mothers with no crops <500 m, we found increasing risk of childhood leukemia among offspring of mothers with increasing crop area near their home (highest tertile >24 ha HR: 2.0, CI:1.02-3.8), which was stronger after adjustment for animals (within 1000 m) (HR: 2.6, CI:1.02-6.8). We also observed increased risk for grass/clover (highest tertile >1.1 ha HR: 3.1, CI:1.2-7.7), peas (>0 HR: 2.4, CI: 1.02-5.4), and maize (>0 HR: 2.8, CI: 1.1-6.9) in animal-adjusted models. We found no association between number of animals near homes and leukemia risk. Crops, total number of animals, and hogs within 500 m of the home were not associated with CNS tumors but we observed an increased risk with >median cattle compared with no animals in crop-adjusted models (HR = 2.2, CI: 1.02-4.9). In models adjusted for total animals, the highest tertiles of use of three herbicides and one fungicide were associated with elevated risk of leukemia but no associations were statistically significant; there were no associations with CNS tumors. CONCLUSIONS Risk of childhood leukemia was associated with higher crop area near mothers' homes during pregnancy; CNS tumors were associated with higher cattle density. Quantitative estimates of crop pesticides and other agricultural exposures are needed to clarify possible reasons for these increased risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deven M Patel
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Steen Gyldenkærne
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Sjurdur F Olsen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Center for Fetal Programming, Staten Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, 2300 København, Denmark
| | - Gabriella Tikellis
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charlotta Granström
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Center for Fetal Programming, Staten Serum Institute, Artillerivej 5, 2300 København, Denmark
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 West Taylor Street, Room 978a, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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Maternal exposure to pesticides and risk of childhood lymphoma in France: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies (SFCE). Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 68:101797. [PMID: 32882568 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed the relation between maternal prenatal pesticides use and childhood lymphoma risk, some reporting a positive association with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We investigated the association between maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy and childhood Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. METHODS We pooled data from the two French national population-based case-control studies ESCALE (2003-2004) and ESTELLE (2010-2011). Data on domestic and occupational exposures to pesticides during pregnancy were obtained through standardised maternal interviews. Logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for HL and NHL, by pesticide category adjusted for potential confounders. Analyses by histological subtypes were also performed. RESULTS We included 328 H L, 305 non-Hodgkin NHL and 2,415 controls. Around 40% of control mothers reported having used pesticides during index pregnancy, of whom 95% reported insecticides use. Maternal use of herbicides and fungicides occurred mostly in combination with insecticides. Insecticides use was more frequently reported in cases than controls (ORNHL = 1.6 [95%CI 1.3-2.1], p = 0.0001; ORHL = 1.3 [95%CI 1.0-1.7], p = 0.03). This association appeared more marked for Burkitt lymphoma and mixed cellularity classical HL. No obvious association was observed with occupational pesticides exposure during pregnancy. CONCLUSION These results suggest that maternal domestic use of insecticides during pregnancy might be related to both childhood NHL and HL. Further larger studies are urgently needed.
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Coste A, Goujon S, Faure L, Hémon D, Clavel J. Agricultural crop density in the municipalities of France and incidence of childhood leukemia: An ecological study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109517. [PMID: 32438101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposure is suspected to play a role in the etiology of childhood leukemia (AL). Various sources of exposure have been explored, but few studies have investigated the risk of childhood AL in relation to residential exposure to agricultural pesticides. Since around 50% of France is agricultural land, with marked pesticide use, France is a suitable location to investigate for an association. We aimed to analyze the association between the agricultural crop density in the municipalities of France and the incidence of childhood AL between 1990 and 2014. METHODS 11,487 cases of AL diagnosed in children aged 0-14 years were registered by the French National Registry of Childhood Hematological Malignancies over 1990-2014. National agricultural census data for 1990, 2000 and 2010 were used to estimate the densities of the most common crops in France. The incidence of AL was estimated in the 35,512 municipalities, by age and gender, and 3 observation periods, and expressed as the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). RESULTS We observed a moderate log-linear association between viticulture density and the incidence of AL, with a 3% increase in SIR for a 10% increase in viticulture density (SIRR = 1.03; 95%CI [1.00-1.06]). The association remained for lymphoblastic AL but not for myeloid AL. The association was stable after stratification by geographic area, age and period, and after adjustment on UV radiation and a French deprivation index. No consistent association was observed for other crop types. DISCUSSION This nationwide study shows a moderate increase in incidence of childhood AL in municipalities where viticulture is common. Future individual studies are needed to know whether this observation is confirmed and related to particular use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Coste
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphanie Goujon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France.
| | - Laure Faure
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; French National Registry of Childhood Hematological,Malignancies, France
| | - Denis Hémon
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- Inserm, UMR 1153 Centre of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Team (EPICEA), Villejuif, F-94807, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France; French National Registry of Childhood Hematological,Malignancies, France
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Georgakis MK, Kalogirou EI, Liaskas A, Karalexi MA, Papathoma P, Ladopoulou K, Kantzanou M, Tsivgoulis G, Petridou ET. Anthropometrics at birth and risk of a primary central nervous system tumour: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2017; 75:117-131. [PMID: 28219020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aetiology of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumours remains largely unknown, but their childhood peak points to perinatal parameters as tentative risk factors. In this meta-analysis, we opted to quantitatively synthesise published evidence on the association between birth anthropometrics and risk of primary CNS tumour. METHODS Eligible studies were identified via systematic literature review; random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for the effect of birth weight and size-for-gestational-age on childhood and adult primary CNS tumours; subgroup, sensitivity, meta-regression and dose-response by birth weight category analyses were also performed. RESULTS Forty-one articles, encompassing 53,167 CNS tumour cases, were eligible. Birth weight >4000 g was associated with increased risk of childhood CNS tumour (OR: 1.14, [1.08-1.20]; 22,330 cases). The risk was higher for astrocytoma (OR: 1.22, [1.13-1.31]; 7456 cases) and embryonal tumour (OR: 1.16, [1.04-1.29]; 3574 cases) and non-significant for ependymoma (OR: 1.12, [0.94-1.34]; 1374 cases). Increased odds for a CNS tumour were also noted among large-for-gestational-age children (OR: 1.12, [1.03-1.22]; 10,339 cases), whereas insufficient data for synthesis were identified for other birth anthropometrics. The findings remained robust across subgroup and sensitivity analyses controlling for several sources of bias, whereas no significant heterogeneity or publication bias were documented. The limited available evidence on adults (4 studies) did not reveal significant associations between increasing birth weight (500-g increment) and overall risk CNS tumour (OR: 0.99, [0.98-1.00]; 1091 cases) or glioma (OR: 1.03, [0.98-1.07]; 2052 cases). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirms a sizeable association of high birth weight, with childhood CNS tumour risk, particularly astrocytoma and embryonal tumour, which seems to be independent of gestational age. Further research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms, especially modifiable determinants of infant macrosomia, such as gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios K Georgakis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni I Kalogirou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Liaskas
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria A Karalexi
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Papathoma
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Ladopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kantzanou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, Attikon University General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Chaidari, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Th Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece.
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Passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia in an Italian community. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 219:742-748. [PMID: 27693118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to pesticides has been suggested as a risk factor for childhood leukemia, but definitive evidence on this relation and the specific pesticides involved is still not clear. OBJECTIVE We carried out a population-based case-control study in a Northern Italy community to assess the possible relation between passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of acute childhood leukemia. METHODS We assessed passive pesticide exposure of 111 childhood leukemia cases and 444 matched controls by determining density and type of agricultural land use within a 100-m radius buffer around children's homes. We focused on four common crop types, arable, orchard, vineyard and vegetable, characterized by the use of specific pesticides that are potentially involved in childhood induced leukemia. The use of these pesticides was validated within the present study. We computed the odds ratios (OR) of the disease and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to type and density of crops around the children's homes, also taking into account traffic pollution and high-voltage power line magnetic field exposure. RESULTS Childhood leukemia risk did not increase in relation with any of the crop types with the exception of arable crops, characterized by the use of 2.4-D, MCPA, glyphosate, dicamba, triazine and cypermethrin. The very few children (n=11) residing close to arable crops had an OR for childhood leukemia of 2.04 (95% CI 0.50-8.35), and such excess risk was further enhanced among children aged <5 years. CONCLUSIONS Despite the null association with most crop types and the statistical imprecision of the estimates, the increased leukemia risk among children residing close to arable crops indicates the need to further investigate the involvement in disease etiology of passive exposure to herbicides and pyrethroids, though such exposure is unlikely to play a role in the vast majority of cases.
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Booth BJ, Ward MH, Turyk ME, Stayner LT. Agricultural crop density and risk of childhood cancer in the midwestern United States: an ecologic study. Environ Health 2015; 14:82. [PMID: 26467084 PMCID: PMC4606898 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence for an association between agricultural pesticide exposure and certain types of childhood cancers. Numerous studies have evaluated exposure to pesticides and childhood cancer and found positive associations. However, few studies have examined the density of agricultural land use as a surrogate for residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and results are mixed. We examined the association of county level agricultural land use and the incidence of specific childhood cancers. METHODS We linked county-level agricultural census data (2002 and 2007) and cancer incidence data for children ages 0-4 diagnosed between 2004 and 2008 from cancer registries in six Midwestern states. Crop density (percent of county area that was harvested) was estimated for total agricultural land, barley, dry beans, corn, hay, oats, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets, and wheat. Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using generalized estimating equation Poisson regression models and were adjusted for race, sex, year of diagnosis, median household income, education, and population density. RESULTS We found statistically significant exposure-response relationships for dry beans and total leukemias (RR per 1% increase in crop density = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.03-1.14) and acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) (RR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04-1.16); oats and acute myeloid leukemias (AML) (RR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.25, 3.28); and sugar beets and total leukemias (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.19) and ALL (RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.21). State-level analyses revealed some additional positive associations for total leukemia and CNS tumors and differences among states for several crop density-cancer associations. However, some of these analyses were limited by low crop prevalence and low cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS Publicly available data sources not originally intended to be used for health research can be useful for generating hypotheses about environmental exposures and health outcomes. The associations observed in this study need to be confirmed by analytic epidemiologic studies using individual level exposure data and accounting for potential confounders that could not be taken into account in this ecologic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Booth
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Leslie T Stayner
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Childhood leukemia mortality and farming exposure in South Korea: A national population-based birth cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 38:401-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Miranda Filho AL, Koifman RJ, Koifman S, Monteiro TRG. Brain cancer mortality in an agricultural and a metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a population-based, age-period-cohort study, 1996-2010. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:320. [PMID: 24884498 PMCID: PMC4019359 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who live in rural areas are at greater risk for brain cancer, and pesticide exposure may contribute to this increased risk. The aims of this research were to analyze the mortality trends and to estimate the age-period-cohort effects on mortality rates from brain cancer in two regions in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS This descriptive study examined brain cancer mortality patterns in individuals of both sexes, >19 years of age, who died between 1996 and 2010. They were residents of a rural (Serrana) or a non-rural (Metropolitan) area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We estimated mortality trends using Joinpoint Regression analysis. Age-period-cohort models were estimated using Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS The estimated annual percentage change in mortality caused by brain cancer was 3.8% in the Serrana Region (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8-5.6) and -0.2% (95% CI: -1.2-0.7) in the Metropolitan Region. The results indicated that the relative risk was higher in the rural region for the more recent birth cohorts (1954 and later). Compared with the reference birth cohort (1945-49, Serrana Region), the relative risk was four times higher for individuals born between 1985 and 1989. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that there is an increasing trend in brain cancer mortality rates in the rural Serrana Region in Brazil. A cohort effect occurred in the birth cohorts born in this rural area after 1954. At the ecological level, different environmental factors, especially the use of pesticides, may explain regional disparities in the mortality patterns from brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Luiz Miranda Filho
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Koifman
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Torres Rego Gina Monteiro
- Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 268:157-77. [PMID: 23402800 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with the wide use of pesticides in the world, the concerns over their health impacts are rapidly growing. There is a huge body of evidence on the relation between exposure to pesticides and elevated rate of chronic diseases such as different types of cancers, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson, Alzheimer, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), birth defects, and reproductive disorders. There is also circumstantial evidence on the association of exposure to pesticides with some other chronic diseases like respiratory problems, particularly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, chronic nephropathies, autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematous and rheumatoid arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and aging. The common feature of chronic disorders is a disturbance in cellular homeostasis, which can be induced via pesticides' primary action like perturbation of ion channels, enzymes, receptors, etc., or can as well be mediated via pathways other than the main mechanism. In this review, we present the highlighted evidence on the association of pesticide's exposure with the incidence of chronic diseases and introduce genetic damages, epigenetic modifications, endocrine disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response (UPR), impairment of ubiquitin proteasome system, and defective autophagy as the effective mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Comparison of racial differences in childhood cancer risk in case-control studies and population-based cancer registries. Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 36:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mohamed R, Guy PA. The pivotal role of mass spectrometry in determining the presence of chemical contaminants in food raw materials. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:1073-1095. [PMID: 21425183 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
During recent years, a rising interest from consumers and various governmental organizations towards the quality of food has continuously been observed. Human intervention across the different stages of the food supply chain can lead to the presence of several types of chemical contaminants in food-based products. On a normal daily consumption basis, some of these chemicals are not harmful; however, for those that present a risk to consumers, legislation rules were established to specify tolerance levels or in some cases the total forbiddance of these specific contaminants. Hence, the use of appropriate analytical tools is recommended to properly identify chemical contaminants. In that context, mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques coupled or not to chromatography offer a vast panel of features such as sensitivity, selectivity, quantification at trace levels, and/or structural elucidation. Because of the complexity of food-based matrices, sample preparation is a crucial step before final detection. In the present manuscript, we review the contribution and the potentialities of MS-based techniques to ensure the absence of chemical contaminants in food-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Mohamed
- Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, P.O. Box 44, Vers-Chez-Les-Blanc 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
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Chow EJ, Puumala SE, Mueller BA, Carozza SE, Fox EE, Horel S, Johnson KJ, McLaughlin CC, Reynolds P, Von Behren J, Spector LG. Childhood cancer in relation to parental race and ethnicity: a 5-state pooled analysis. Cancer 2010; 116:3045-53. [PMID: 20564410 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children of different racial/ethnic backgrounds have varying risks of cancer. However, to the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined cancer occurrence in children of mixed ancestry. METHODS This population-based case-control study examined cancer among children aged <15 years using linked cancer and birth registry data from 5 US states from 1978 through 2004. Data were available for 13,249 cancer cases and 36,996 controls selected from birth records. Parental race/ethnicity was determined from birth records. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of cancer with different racial/ethnic groups. RESULTS Compared with whites, blacks had a 28% decreased risk of cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.65-0.80), whereas both Asians and Hispanics had an approximate 15% decrease. Children of mixed white/black ancestry also were found to be at decreased risk (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56-0.90), but estimates for mixed white/Asian and white/Hispanic children did not differ from those of whites. Compared with whites: 1) black and mixed white/black children had decreased ORs for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (OR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.31-0.49] and OR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.37-0.91], respectively); 2) Asian and mixed white/Asian children had decreased ORs for brain tumors (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.39-0.68] and OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.54-1.16], respectively); and 3) Hispanic and mixed white/Hispanic children had decreased ORs for neuroblastoma (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.42-0.61] and OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.50-0.90], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Children of mixed ancestry tend to have disease risks that are more similar to those of racial/ethnic minority children than the white majority group. This tendency may help formulate etiologic studies designed to study possible genetic and environmental differences more directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Chow
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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Abstract
Organophosphates are pesticides ubiquitous in the environment and have been hypothesized as one of the risk factors for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, we evaluated the associations of pesticide exposure in a residential environment with the risk for pediatric ALL. This is a case-control study of children newly diagnosed with ALL, and their mothers (n = 41 child-mother pairs) recruited from Georgetown University Medical Center and Children's National Medical Center in Washington, DC, between January 2005 and January 2008. Cases and controls were matched for age, sex, and county of residence. Environmental exposures were determined by questionnaire and by urinalysis of pesticide metabolites using isotope dilution gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. We found that more case mothers (33%) than controls (14%) reported using insecticides in the home (P < 0.02). Other environmental exposures to toxic substances were not significantly associated with the risk of ALL. Pesticide levels were higher in cases than in controls (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between children with ALL and controls for the organophosphate metabolites diethylthiophosphate (P < 0.03) and diethyldithiophosphate (P < 0.05). The association of ALL risk with pesticide exposure merits further studies to confirm the association.
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Spector LG, Puumala SE, Carozza SE, Chow EJ, Fox EE, Horel S, Johnson KJ, McLaughlin CC, Reynolds P, Von Behren J, Mueller BA. Cancer risk among children with very low birth weights. Pediatrics 2009; 124:96-104. [PMID: 19564288 PMCID: PMC2704984 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The risk of hepatoblastoma is strongly increased among children with very low birth weight (<1500 g). Because data on very low birth weight and other childhood cancers are sparse, we examined the risk of malignancy with very low birth weight in a large data set. METHODS We combined case-control data sets created by linking the cancer and birth registries of California, Minnesota, New York, Texas, and Washington states, which included 17672 children diagnosed as having cancer at 0 to 14 years of age and 57966 randomly selected control subjects. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of cancer with very low birth weight and moderately low birth weight (1500-1999 g and 2000-2499 g, respectively), compared with moderate/high birth weight (>or=2500 g), with adjustment for gender, gestational age, birth order, plurality, maternal age, maternal race, state, and year of birth. RESULTS Most childhood cancers were not associated with low birth weights. However, retinoblastomas and gliomas other than astrocytomas and ependymomas were possibly associated with very low birth weight. The risk of other gliomas was also increased among children weighing 1500 to 1999 g at birth. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested no association between most cancers and very low birth weight, with the exception of the known association of hepatoblastoma and possibly moderately increased risks of other gliomas and retinoblastoma, which may warrant confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan G. Spector
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
| | - Susan E. Puumala
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
| | - Susan E. Carozza
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center
| | | | - Erin E. Fox
- Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services
| | - Scott Horel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center
| | - Kimberly J. Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
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Johnson KJ, Carozza SE, Chow EJ, Fox EE, Horel S, McLaughlin CC, Mueller BA, Puumala SE, Reynolds P, Behren JV, Spector LG. Parental age and risk of childhood cancer: a pooled analysis. Epidemiology 2009; 20:475-83. [PMID: 19373093 PMCID: PMC2738598 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0b013e3181a5a332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few risk factors for childhood cancer are well-established. We investigated whether advancing parental age increases childhood cancer risk. METHODS We assessed the relationship between parental age and childhood cancer in a case-control study using pooled population-based data. Our pooling was based on linked cancer and birth registry records from New York, Washington, Minnesota, Texas, and California. Subjects included 17,672 cancer cases diagnosed at ages 0-14 years during 1980-2004 and 57,966 controls born during 1970-2004. Individuals with Down syndrome were excluded. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression for the association between parental age and childhood cancer after adjustment for sex, birth weight, gestational age, birth order, plurality, maternal race, birth year, and state. RESULTS Positive linear trends per 5-year maternal age increase were observed for childhood cancers overall (odds ratio = 1.08 [95% confidence interval = 1.06-1.10]) and 7 of the 10 most frequent diagnostic groups: leukemia (1.08 [1.05-1.11]), lymphoma (1.06 [1.01-1.12]), central nervous system tumors (1.07 [1.03-1.10]), neuroblastoma (1.09 [1.04-1.15]), Wilms' tumor (1.16 [1.09-1.22]), bone tumors (1.10 [1.00-1.20]), and soft tissue sarcomas (1.10 [1.04-1.17]). No maternal age effect was noted for retinoblastoma, germ cell tumors, or hepatoblastoma. Paternal age was not independently associated with most childhood cancers after adjustment for maternal age. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that older maternal age increases risk for most common childhood cancers. Investigation into possible mechanisms for this association is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J. Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Susan E. Carozza
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX
| | - Eric J. Chow
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Erin E. Fox
- Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX
| | - Scott Horel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX
| | | | - Beth A. Mueller
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan E. Puumala
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | - Logan G. Spector
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN
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Carozza SE, Li B, Wang Q, Horel S, Cooper S. Agricultural pesticides and risk of childhood cancers. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2009; 212:186-95. [PMID: 18675586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural pesticide applications have the potential for significant drift beyond the target spray area and may result in exposure to non-farming residents in surrounding communities. Using geographic information system (GIS) methods, 1778 childhood cancer cases and 1802 controls born in Texas between 1990 and 1998 were assigned probable agricultural pesticide exposure based on proximity of birth residence to crop fields. Multivariate modeling was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for selected cancers. For most childhood cancers, we found no evidence of elevated risk associated with residential proximity at birth to cropland. There was an overall pattern of increased risk for germ-cell tumors but the odds ratios were based on few number of exposed cases. There was also some indication of increased risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Burkitt lymphoma, but point estimates were imprecise and not statistically significant. Previous studies have assessed pesticide exposure primarily based on parental occupational history or household use, while our focus was on agricultural pesticides and so may represent a different array of chemical agents occurring at lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Carozza
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, TAM HSC School of Rural Public Health, College Station, TX 77843-1266, USA.
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Puumala SE, Carozza SE, Chow EJ, Fox EE, Horel S, Johnson KJ, McLaughlin C, Mueller BA, Reynolds P, Von Behren J, Spector LG. Childhood cancer among twins and higher order multiples. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:162-8. [PMID: 19124494 PMCID: PMC2705199 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several studies have found no change or a decreased risk of childhood cancer in twins, few have controlled for potential confounders such as birth weight. We examined the association of birth plurality and childhood cancer in pooled data from five U.S. states (California, Minnesota, New York, Texas, and Washington) using linked birth-cancer registry data. The data, excluding children with Down syndrome or who died before 28 days of life, included 17,672 cases diagnosed from 1980 to 2004 at ages 28 days to 14 years and 57,966 controls with all cases and controls born from 1970 to 2004. Analyses were restricted to children weighing
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. Puumala
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
| | - Susan E. Carozza
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University
| | | | - Erin E. Fox
- Cancer Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services
| | - Scott Horel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University
| | - Kimberly J. Johnson
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | - Logan G. Spector
- Division of Epidemiology/Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota
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