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Bergman PJ. Cancer Immunotherapy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024; 54:441-468. [PMID: 38158304 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The enhanced understanding of immunology experienced over the last 5 decades afforded through the tools of molecular biology has recently translated into cancer immunotherapy becoming one of the most exciting and rapidly expanding fields. Human cancer immunotherapy is now recognized as one of the pillars of treatment alongside surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The field of veterinary cancer immunotherapy has also rapidly advanced in the last decade with a handful of commercially available products and a plethora of investigational cancer immunotherapies, which will hopefully expand our veterinary oncology treatment toolkit over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Bergman
- Clinical Studies, VCA; Katonah Bedford Veterinary Center, Bedford Hills, NY, USA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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McLinden GP, Avery AC, Gardner HL, Hughes K, Rodday AM, Liang K, London CA. Safety and biologic activity of a canine anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:1666-1674. [PMID: 38662527 PMCID: PMC11099711 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the safety and utility of combining low dose single-agent doxorubicin with a canine specific anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (1E4-cIgGB) in client owned dogs with untreated B-cell lymphoma. ANIMALS Forty-two client-owned dogs with untreated B-cell lymphoma. METHODS A prospective, single arm, open label clinical trial of dogs with B-cell lymphoma were enrolled to receive 1E4-cIgGB and doxorubicin in addition to 1 of 3 immunomodulatory regimens. B-cell depletion was monitored by flow cytometry performed on peripheral blood samples at each visit. RESULTS Dogs demonstrated a statistically significant depletion in CD21+ B-cells 7 days following the first antibody infusion (median fraction of baseline at 7 days = 0.04, P < .01) that persisted throughout treatment (median fraction of baseline at 21 days = 0.01, P < .01) whereas CD5+ T-cells remained unchanged (median fraction of baseline at 7 days = 1.05, P = .88; median fraction of baselie at 7 days = 0.79, P = .42; Figure 1; Supplemental Table 3). Recovery of B-cells was delayed, with at Day 196, only 6/17 dogs (35%) remaining on the study had CD21+ counts >0.5 of baseline, indicating sustained B cell depletion at 4+ months after the final treatment. 1E4-cIgGB was well tolerated with only 1 dog exhibiting a hypersensitivity event within minutes of the last antibody infusion. CONCLUSIONS The canine 1E4-cIgGB anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody is apparently safe when administered with doxorubicin and effectively depletes B-cells in dogs with DLBCL.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dogs
- Dog Diseases/drug therapy
- Dog Diseases/immunology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Female
- Male
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/veterinary
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Prospective Studies
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Antigens, CD20/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen P. McLinden
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Anne C. Avery
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Heather L. Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kelley Hughes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Angie M. Rodday
- Clinical Translational Science InstituteTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kexuan Liang
- Clinical Translational Science InstituteTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Cheryl A. London
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
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3
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Schuwerk L, Ulianytska A, Baumgärtner W, Reineking W. Melan-A immunolabeling in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241246979. [PMID: 38642035 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241246979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Histologic diagnosis of less well-differentiated cases of canine extramedullary plasmacytomas (CEMPs) may require immunohistochemical confirmation to discriminate these tumors from other round cells tumors including lymphoma, cutaneous histiocytoma, and amelanotic melanomas. CEMPs are characterized by widespread immunoreactivity for multiple myeloma 1 (MUM1) antigen and λ light chains, while the melanocytic marker melan-A has been reported to yield negative results. Here, 33 randomly selected CEMPs, 20 melanocytomas, and 20 malignant melanomas were immunohistochemically tested for MUM1, melan-A, and PNL2. In addition, CEMPs were examined for PAX5, E-cadherin, CD3, CD18, CD20, S100, as well as λ and κ light chain immunoreactivity. All CEMPs were characterized by labeling for MUM1 and λ light chain, as well as variable immunopositivity for the remaining antibodies. Notably, 13 cases of CEMPs (39.4%) exhibited immunolabeling for melan-A. Melanocytic tumors immunolabeled for melan-A (40/40; 100%) and PNL2 (34/40; 85%). An unexpected cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for MUM1 was observed in 2 melanocytic tumors. Summarized, MUM1 or melan-A immunomarkers alone are not sufficient to differentiate between CEMPs and amelanotic melanomas and should be part of a larger immunopanel including λ light chain, CD20, and PNL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schuwerk
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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4
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Rashwan AM, El-Gendy SAA, Ez Elarab SM, Alsafy MAM. A comprehensive exploration of diverse skin cell types in the limb of the desert tortoise (Testudo graeca) through light, transmission, scanning electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence techniques. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102335. [PMID: 38412578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The Greek tortoise, inhabiting harsh desert environments, provides a compelling case for investigating skin adaptations to extreme conditions. We have utilized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence analysis to describe the structure of the arid-adapted limb skin in the Greek tortoise. Our aim was to identify the cell types that reflect the skin adaptation of this tortoise to arid conditions. Utilizing seven antibodies, we localized and elucidated the functions of various skin cells, shedding light on how the tortoise adapts to adverse environmental conditions. Our findings unveiled numerous scales on the limbs, varying in size and color, acting as protective armor against abrasions, bites, and other potential threats in their rocky habitats. The epidermis comprises four layers: stratum basalis, stratum spinosum, peri-corneous layer, and stratum corneum. Cytokeratin 14 (CK14) was explicitly detected in the basal layer of the epidermis, suggesting a role in maintaining epidermal integrity and cellular function. Langerhans cells were observed between epidermal cells filled with ribosomes and Birbeck granules. Numerous dendritic-shaped Langerhans cells revealed through E-Cadherin signify strong immunity in tortoises' skin. Melanophores were identified using the Melan-A antibody, labeling the cytoplasm, and the SOX10 antibody, labeling the nucleus, providing comprehensive insights into melanophores morphology and distribution. Two types of melanophores were found: dendritic below the stratum basalis of the epidermis and clustered oval melanophores in the deep dermal layer. Varied melanophores distribution resulted in a spotted skin pattern, potentially offering adaptive camouflage and protection against environmental challenges. Numerous myofibroblasts were discerned through alpha-smooth actin (α-SMA) expression, indicating that the Greek tortoise's skin possesses a robust tissue repair and remodeling capacity. B-cell lymphocytes detected via CD20 immunostaining exhibited sporadic distribution in the dermis, concentrating in lymphoid aggregates and around vessels, implying potential roles in local immune responses and inflammation modulation. Employing Tom20 to identify skin cells with abundant mitochondria revealed a notable presence in melanophores and the basal layer of the epidermis, suggesting high metabolic activity in these cell types and potentially influencing cellular functions. These findings contribute to our comprehension of tortoise skin anatomy and physiology, offering insights into the remarkable adaptations of this species finely tuned to their specific environmental habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Rashwan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511 Egypt; Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Samir A A El-Gendy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Samar M Ez Elarab
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Alsafy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt.
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5
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Alsafy MAM, El-Sharnobey NKA, El-Gendy SAA, Abumandour MA, Hanafy BG, Elarab SME, Rashwan AM. The tongue of the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans): morphological characterization through gross, light, scanning electron, and immunofluorescence microscopic examination. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:45. [PMID: 38310245 PMCID: PMC10837996 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) is renowned for its remarkable adaptations, yet much of its complex biology remains unknown. In this pioneering study, we utilized a combination of gross anatomy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy, and immunofluorescence techniques to examine the tongue's omnivorous adaptation in this species. This research bridges a critical knowledge gap, enhancing our understanding of this intriguing reptile. Gross examination revealed a unique arrowhead-shaped tongue with a median lingual fissure and puzzle-piece-shaped tongue papillae. SEM unveiled rectangular filiform, conical, and fungiform papillae, with taste pores predominantly on the dorsal surface and mucous cells on the lateral surface of the papillae. Histologically, the tongue's apex featured short rectangular filiform and fungiform papillae, while the body exhibited varying filiform shapes and multiple taste buds on fungiform papillae. The tongue's root contained lymphatic tissue with numerous lymphocytes surrounding the central crypt, alongside lingual skeletal musculature, blood and lymph vessels, and Raffin corpuscles in the submucosa. The lingual striated muscle bundles had different orientations, and the lingual hyaline cartilage displayed a bluish coloration of the ground substance, along with a characteristic isogenous group of chondrocytes. Our research represents the first comprehensive application of immunofluorescence techniques to investigate the cellular intricacies of the red-eared slider's tongue by employing seven distinct antibodies, revealing a wide array of compelling and significant findings. Vimentin revealed the presence of taste bud cells, while synaptophysin provided insights into taste bud and nerve bundle characteristics. CD34 and PDGFRα illuminated lingual stromal cells, and SOX9 and PDGFRα shed light on chondrocytes within the tongue's cartilage. CD20 mapped B-cell lymphocyte distribution in the lingual tonsil, while alpha smooth actin (α-SMA) exposed the intricate myofibroblast and smooth muscle network surrounding the lingual blood vessels and salivary glands. In conclusion, our comprehensive study advances our knowledge of the red-eared slider's tongue anatomy and physiology, addressing a significant research gap. These findings not only contribute to the field of turtle biology but also deepen our appreciation for the species' remarkable adaptations in their specific ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A M Alsafy
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt.
| | - Nermin K A El-Sharnobey
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt
| | - Samir A A El-Gendy
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abumandour
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt
| | - Basma G Hanafy
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt
| | - Samar M Ez Elarab
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, 21944, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Rashwan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
- Laboratory of Life science frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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6
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Martin C, Clift S, Leisewitz A. Lung pathology of natural Babesia rossi infection in dogs. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2023; 94:59-69. [PMID: 37358318 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A proportion of Babesia rossi infections in dogs are classified as complicated and one of the most lethal complications is acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Most dogs that die succumb within 24 hours of presentation. The pulmonary pathology caused by B. rossi in dogs has not been described. The aim of this study was to provide a thorough macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical description of the lung changes seen in dogs naturally infected with B. rossi that succumbed to the infection. Death was invariably accompanied by alveolar oedema. Histopathology showed acute interstitial pneumonia characterised by alveolar oedema and haemorrhages, with increased numbers of mononuclear leucocytes in alveolar walls and lumens. Intra-alveolar polymerised fibrin aggregates were observed in just over half the infected cases. Immunohistochemistry showed increased numbers of MAC387- and CD204-reactive monocyte-macrophages in alveolar walls and lumens, and increased CD3-reactive T-lymphocytes in alveolar walls, compared with controls. These histological features overlap to some extent (but far from perfectly) with the histological pattern of lung injury referred to as the exudative stage of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) as is quite commonly reported in ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martin
- Idexx Laboratories (Pty) Ltd, South Africa
| | - S Clift
- Section of Pathology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - A Leisewitz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Bailey Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, United States of America and Section of Small Animal Medicine, Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa
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7
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Keating MK, Rosenkrantz WS, Keller SM, Moore PF. Evaluation of clonality from multiple anatomic sites in canine epitheliotropic T cell lymphoma. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:559-567. [PMID: 35876313 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (eCTCL) is thought to represent a disease homologue to human mycosis fungoides (MF). In human MF, neoplastic cells are phenotypically consistent with resident effector memory T cells, a population that remains for an extended period within tissue without circulating. Dogs with eCTCL often present with lesions in multiple locations, raising the question of whether the neoplasm is of the same T-cell subpopulation or not. OBJECTIVES To characterize the antigen receptor gene rearrangements of lymphocytes from skin and blood of dogs with eCTCL to determine if neoplastic clones are identical. ANIMALS Fourteen dogs with eCTCL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histological and immunohistochemical examination, and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) for T-cell receptor gamma (TRG) performed on multiple cutaneous biopsy samples and blood. RESULTS All skin biopsies contained cluster of differentiation (CD)3-positive neoplastic lymphocytes. Within individual dogs, all skin biopsies revealed identical TRG clonality profiles, suggesting that the same neoplastic clone was present in all sites. In the blood, a matching clone was found in six of 14 dogs, a unique clone was observed in nine of 14 dogs, and no clone was detected in two of 14 dogs. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that canine eCTCL lesions in multiple locations harbour the same neoplastic clone, neoplastic lymphocytes do not remain fixed to the skin and instead can circulate via blood, differing clones can be identified in skin versus blood, and circulating neoplastic cells can be detected without lymphocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefan M Keller
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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8
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A bitesize introduction to canine hematologic malignancies. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4073-4084. [PMID: 35316831 PMCID: PMC9278293 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are frequently diagnosed in dogs and result in a spectrum of clinical signs associated with specific disease types. The most frequently encountered hematologic tumors in dogs include lymphoma, lymphoid and myeloid leukemias, and mast cell, plasma cell, and histiocytic neoplasias. Coupled with the heterogeneous presentations of the different categories and subtypes of canine hematologic malignancies, outcomes for these tumors are also variable. Considering this, appropriate treatment options range from active surveillance to curative intent approaches harnessing surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiation-based modalities. The underlying pathology of many of these diseases bears remarkable resemblance to that of the corresponding diagnosis made in human patients. We introduce some of the pathogenic drivers of canine hematologic cancers alongside their clinical presentations. An overview of standard-of-care therapies for each of these diseases is also provided. As comparative oncology gains recognition as a valuable setting in which to investigate the pathogenesis of neoplasia and provide powerful, clinically relevant, immunocompetent models for the evaluation of novel therapies, the number of clinicians and scientists participating in cancer research involving dogs is expected to increase. This review aims at providing an introductory overview of canine hematologic malignancies.
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9
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Dias JNR, Almeida A, André AS, Aguiar SI, Bule P, Nogueira S, Oliveira SS, Carrapiço B, Gil S, Tavares L, Aires-da-Silva F. Characterization of the canine CD20 as a therapeutic target for comparative passive immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2678. [PMID: 35177658 PMCID: PMC8854400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD20 therapies have revolutionized the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Despite these advances, relapsed and refractory disease remains a major treatment challenge. The optimization of CD20-targeted immunotherapies is considered a promising strategy to improve current therapies. However, research has been limited by the scarcity of preclinical models that recapitulate the complex interaction between the immune system and cancers. The addition of the canine lymphoma (cNHL) model in the development of anti-CD20 therapies may provide a clinically relevant approach for the translation of improved immunotherapies. Still, an anti-CD20 therapy for cNHL has not been established stressing the need of a comprehensive target characterization. Herein, we performed an in-depth characterization on canine CD20 mRNA transcript and protein expression in a cNHL biobank and demonstrated a canine CD20 overexpression in B-cell lymphoma samples. Moreover, CD20 gene sequencing analysis identified six amino acid differences in patient samples (C77Y, L147F, I159M, L198V, A201T and G273E). Finally, we reported the use of a novel strategy for the generation of anti-CD20 mAbs, with human and canine cross-reactivity, by exploring our rabbit derived single-domain antibody platform. Overall, these results support the rationale of using CD20 as a target for veterinary settings and the development of novel therapeutics and immunodiagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana N R Dias
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André Almeida
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana S André
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Aguiar
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Bule
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Nogueira
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Soraia S Oliveira
- Technophage SA, Avenida Prof. Egas Moniz, Edifício Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Belmira Carrapiço
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Solange Gil
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Tavares
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Li G, Ohishi T, Kaneko MK, Takei J, Mizuno T, Kawada M, Saito M, Suzuki H, Kato Y. Defucosylated Mouse-Dog Chimeric Anti-EGFR Antibody Exerts Antitumor Activities in Mouse Xenograft Models of Canine Tumors. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123599. [PMID: 34944112 PMCID: PMC8700185 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) contributes to tumor malignancy via gene amplification and protein overexpression. Previously, we developed an anti-human EGFR (hEGFR) monoclonal antibody, namely EMab-134, which detects hEGFR and dog EGFR (dEGFR) with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we produced a defucosylated mouse–dog chimeric anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, namely E134Bf. In vitro analysis revealed that E134Bf highly exerted antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against a canine osteosarcoma cell line (D-17) and a canine fibroblastic cell line (A-72), both of which express endogenous dEGFR. Moreover, in vivo administration of E134Bf significantly suppressed the development of D-17 and A-72 compared with the control dog IgG in mouse xenografts. These results indicate that E134Bf exerts antitumor effects against dEGFR-expressing canine cancers and could be valuable as part of an antibody treatment regimen for dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi 410-0301, Japan;
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-55-924-0601 (T.O.); +81-22-717-8207 (Y.K.)
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan;
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi 410-0301, Japan;
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (G.L.); (M.S.); (H.S.)
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +81-55-924-0601 (T.O.); +81-22-717-8207 (Y.K.)
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11
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Dias JNR, André AS, Aguiar SI, Gil S, Tavares L, Aires-da-Silva F. Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Canine Lymphoma: Changing the Odds Against Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:621758. [PMID: 34513964 PMCID: PMC8427286 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.621758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The new era of immune-oncology has brought complexities and challenges that emphasize the need to identify new strategies and models to develop successful and cost-effective therapies. The inclusion of a canine model in the drug development of cancer immunotherapies is being widely recognized as a valid solution to overcome several hurdles associated with conventional preclinical models. Driven by the success of immunotherapies in the treatment of human non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and by the remarkable similarities of canine NHL to its human counterpart, canine NHL has been one of the main focus of comparative research. Under the present review, we summarize a general overview of the challenges and prospects of today's cancer immunotherapies and the role that comparative medicine might play in solving the limitations brought by this rapidly expanding field. The state of art of both human and canine NHL and the rationale behind the use of the canine model to bridge the translational gap between murine preclinical studies and human clinical trials are addressed. Finally, a review of currently available immunotherapies for canine NHL is described, highlighting the potential of these therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
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12
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Webster JD, Solon M, Gibson-Corley KN. Validating Immunohistochemistry Assay Specificity in Investigative Studies: Considerations for a Weight of Evidence Approach. Vet Pathol 2020; 58:829-840. [PMID: 32975488 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820960132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a fundamental molecular technique that provides information on protein expression in the context of spatial localization and tissue morphology. IHC is used in all facets of pathology from identifying infectious agents or characterizing tumors in diagnostics, to characterizing cellular and molecular processes in investigative and experimental studies. Confidence in an IHC assay is primarily driven by the degree to which it is validated. There are many approaches to validate an IHC assay's specificity including bioinformatics approaches using published protein sequences, careful design of positive and negative tissue controls, use of cell pellets with known target protein expression, corroboration of IHC findings with western blots and other analytical methods, and replacement of the primary antibody with an appropriate negative control reagent. Each approach has inherent strengths and weaknesses, and the thoughtful use of these approaches provides cumulative evidence, or a weight of evidence, to support the IHC assay's specificity and build confidence in a study's conclusions. Although it is difficult to be 100% confident in the specificity of any IHC assay, it is important to consider how validation approaches provide evidence to support or to question the specificity of labeling, and how that evidence affects the overall interpretation of a study's results. In this review, we discuss different approaches for IHC antibody validation, with an emphasis on the characterization of antibody specificity in investigative studies. While this review is not prescriptive, it is hoped that it will be thought provoking when considering the interpretation of IHC results.
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13
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Goggs R. Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2020; 50:1327-1349. [PMID: 32814628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia is a common hematologic disorder in dogs. Disease management involves immunosuppression using glucocorticoids, potentially in combination with other medications such as azathioprine, cyclosporine, or mycophenolate mofetil. Therapeutic drug monitoring may enhance the utility and maximize the safety of cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. The disease is proinflammatory and prothrombotic. Antithrombotic drug administration is therefore essential, and anticoagulant therapy should be initiated at the time of diagnosis. Additional therapies include red blood cell transfusion to support blood oxygen content. Future therapies may include therapeutic plasma exchange, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, and complement inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Goggs
- Emergency and Critical Care, Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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14
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Generation of a canine anti-canine CD20 antibody for canine lymphoma treatment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11476. [PMID: 32651429 PMCID: PMC7351721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common hematological cancer in dogs. Canine diffuse large B cell lymphoma shows a relatively good response to treatment with multi-agent cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy; however, the 2-year survival rate is as low as 20%. For human B cell type lymphoma, the anti-CD20 chimeric antibody, rituximab, was developed two decades ago. The combination of rituximab and CHOP chemotherapy was highly successful in improving patient prognosis. However, no anti-canine CD20 antibody is available for the treatment of canine lymphoma. During this study, a rat anti-canine CD20 monoclonal antibody was established. We also generated a rat-canine chimeric antibody against canine CD20 designed for clinical application. This chimeric antibody (4E1-7-B) showed in vitro antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against the canine B cell lymphoma cell line CLBL-1. Moreover, to obtain stronger ADCC activity, a defucosylated 4E1-7-B antibody (4E1-7-B_f) was also generated, and it showed tenfold stronger ADCC activity compared with 4E1-7-B. 4E1-7-B_f as well as 4E1-7-B suppressed the growth of CLBL-1 tumors in an immunodeficient xenotransplant mouse model. Finally, a single administration of 4E1-7-B_f induced considerable peripheral B cell depletion in healthy beagles. Thus, 4E1-7-B_f is a good antibody drug candidate for canine B cell type lymphoma.
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15
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Immunopathogenesis of canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227386. [PMID: 31923271 PMCID: PMC6953816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis is a spontaneously occurring inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa. An immune-mediated pathogenesis is suspected though not yet proven. We have recently reported on the clinical and histologic features, and identification of select leukocyte cell populations within the lesion. A clinical and histologic similarity to oral lichen planus of people was proposed. In the present study, these initial observations are extended by examining lesions from 24 dogs with clinical evidence of chronic ulcerative stomatitis. Because dogs with chronic ulcerative stomatitis often have concurrent periodontal disease, we wondered if dental plaque/biofilm may be a common instigator of inflammation in both lesions. We hypothesized that dogs with chronic ulcerative stomatitis would exhibit a spectrum of pathologic changes and phenotype of infiltrating leukocytes that would inform lesion pathogenesis and that these changes would differ from inflammatory phenotypes in periodontitis. Previously we identified chronic ulcerative stomatitis lesions to be rich in FoxP3+ and IL17+ cells. As such, we suspect that these leukocytes play an important role in lesion pathogenesis. The current study confirms the presence of moderate to large numbers of FoxP3+ T cells and IL17+ cells in all ulcerative stomatitis lesions using confocal immunofluorescence. Interestingly, the majority of IL17+ cells were determined to be non-T cells and IL17+ cell frequencies were negatively correlated with severity on the clinical scoring system. Three histologic subtypes of ulcerative stomatitis were determined; lichenoid, deep stomatitis and granulomatous. Periodontitis lesions, like stomatitis lesions, were B cell and plasma cell rich, but otherwise differed from the stomatitis lesions. Direct immunofluorescence results did not support an autoantibody-mediated autoimmune disease process. This investigation contributes to the body of literature regarding leukocyte involvement in canine idiopathic inflammatory disease pathogenesis.
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16
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Panjwani MK, Atherton MJ, MaloneyHuss MA, Haran KP, Xiong A, Gupta M, Kulikovsaya I, Lacey SF, Mason NJ. Establishing a model system for evaluating CAR T cell therapy using dogs with spontaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Oncoimmunology 2019; 9:1676615. [PMID: 32002286 PMCID: PMC6959441 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1676615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple rodent and primate preclinical studies have advanced CAR T cells into the clinic. However, no single model accurately reflects the challenges of effective CAR T therapy in human cancer patients. To evaluate the effectiveness of next-generation CAR T cells that aim to overcome barriers to durable tumor elimination, we developed a system to evaluate CAR T cells in pet dogs with spontaneous cancer. Here we report on this system and the results of a pilot trial using CAR T cells to treat canine diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We designed and manufactured CD20-targeting, second-generation canine CAR T cells for functional evaluation in vitro and in vivo using lentivectors to parallel human CAR T cell manufacturing. A first-in-species trial of five dogs with DLBCL treated with CAR T was undertaken. Canine CAR T cells functioned in an antigen-specific manner and killed CD20+ targets. Circulating CAR T cells were detectable post-infusion, however, induction of canine anti-mouse antibodies (CAMA) was associated with CAR T cell loss. Specific selection pressure on CD20+ tumors was observed following CAR T cell therapy, culminating in antigen escape and emergence of CD20-disease. Patient survival times correlated with ex vivo product expansion. Altering product manufacturing improved transduction efficiency and skewed toward a memory-like phenotype of canine CAR T cells. Manufacturing of functional canine CAR T cells using a lentivector is feasible. Comparable challenges to effective CAR T cell therapy exist, indicating their relevance in informing future human clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kazim Panjwani
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew J Atherton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martha A MaloneyHuss
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kumudhini P Haran
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ailian Xiong
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Minnal Gupta
- Translational and Correlative Studies Laboratory (TCSL), Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irina Kulikovsaya
- Translational and Correlative Studies Laboratory (TCSL), Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Simon F Lacey
- Translational and Correlative Studies Laboratory (TCSL), Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicola J Mason
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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Lisowska M, Milczarek M, Ciekot J, Kutkowska J, Hildebrand W, Rapak A, Miazek A. An Antibody Specific for the Dog Leukocyte Antigen DR (DLA-DR) and Its Novel Methotrexate Conjugate Inhibit the Growth of Canine B Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101438. [PMID: 31561563 PMCID: PMC6827003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine B-cell lymphoma (CBL) is an incurable, spontaneous lymphoid malignancy constituting an accurate animal model for testing novel therapeutic strategies in human medicine. Resources of available species-specific therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting CBL are scarce. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of mAb B5, specific for the dog leukocyte antigen DR (DLA-DR) and its antibody-drug conjugate with methotrexate (B5-MTX). B5 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of DLA-DR-expressing canine B cell lymphoma/CLBL1 and CLB70 leukemia lines, but not the GL-1 line not expressing DLA-DR. The cytotoxicity of B5-MTX to sensitive cells was further potentiated by a payload of MTX, but without any substantial off-target effects. The infusion of B5 and B5-MTX in a murine model of disseminated, advanced canine lymphoma, mediated >80% and >90% improvement in survival, respectively, and was well tolerated by the animals. Interestingly, the concentrations of soluble DLA-DR (sDLA-DR) antigens present in the blood serum of tumor-bearing mice were found proportional to the tumor burden. On this basis, sDLA-DR levels were evaluated as a potential biomarker using samples from canine lymphoma patients. In summary, the action of B5 and B5-MTX holds promise for further development as an alternative/complementary option for the diagnosis and treatment of canine lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lisowska
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Ciekot
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kutkowska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | - Andrzej Rapak
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Miazek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Centre of Genetic Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland.
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18
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Heinrich DA, Avery AC, Henson MS, Overmann JA, Rendahl AK, Walz JZ, Seelig DM. Cytology and the cell block method in diagnostic characterization of canine lymphadenopathy and in the immunophenotyping of nodal lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:365-375. [PMID: 31012996 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive techniques used to evaluate canine peripheral lymphadenopathy (PLN), including fine needle aspiration biopsy with cytological evaluation (FNAB-C) and flow cytometry (FC), have benefits and limitations. The cell block (CB) method is an alternate processing technique in which fine needle aspirate biopsy samples are concentrated, fixed, and embedded in paraffin for routine histological processing/staining. Utilizing three observers, we determined the diagnostic value of the CB in evaluating canine PLN across six categories (non-diagnostic, reactive, inflammatory/infectious, probable lymphoma and lymphoma, metastatic neoplasia) and correlated findings to immunophenotypic and clonal antigen receptor rearrangement results in canine nodal lymphoma. Eighty-five paired FNAB-C and CB samples were evaluated from canine patients presenting to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Oncology or Internal Medicine services. Diagnostic quality samples were obtained in 55/85 (65%) CB and 81/85 (95%) FNAB-C samples, respectively, and nodal pathology impacted CB diagnostic yield. Overall percent agreement between diagnostic-quality FNAB-C and CB samples was 86%, but increased to 95% if the categories of lymphoma and probable lymphoma were combined. There was 100% agreement for both the diagnoses of metastatic neoplasia and reactive lymph nodes and 92% agreement for the diagnosis of lymphoma/probable lymphoma. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC), CB samples correctly immunophenotyped 22/23 (96%) cases of B-cell lymphoma, but only 1/6 (17%) cases of T-cell lymphoma. IHC was not completed on nine cases of lymphoproliferative disease because of insufficient cellularity. When the CB method (CBM) yielded diagnostic quality samples there was good to excellent agreement with FNAB-C samples and CB samples were suitable for some IHC tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Heinrich
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Anne C Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology and the Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Michael S Henson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Jed A Overmann
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Aaron K Rendahl
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Jillian Z Walz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Davis M Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
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19
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Abstract
The enhanced understanding of immunology experienced over the last 4 decades afforded through the tools of molecular biology has recently translated into cancer immunotherapy becoming one of the most exciting and rapidly expanding fields. Human cancer immunotherapy is now recognized as one of the pillars of treatment alongside surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The field of veterinary cancer immunotherapy has also rapidly advanced in the last decade with a handful of commercially available products and a plethora of investigational cancer immunotherapies that will hopefully expand the veterinary oncology treatment toolkit over time.
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20
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Mochel JP, Ekker SC, Johannes CM, Jergens AE, Allenspach K, Bourgois-Mochel A, Knouse M, Benzekry S, Wierson W, LeBlanc AK, Kenderian SS. CAR T Cell Immunotherapy in Human and Veterinary Oncology: Changing the Odds Against Hematological Malignancies. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:50. [PMID: 30963322 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The advent of the genome editing era brings forth the promise of adoptive cell transfer using engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for targeted cancer therapy. CAR T cell immunotherapy is probably one of the most encouraging developments for the treatment of hematological malignancies. In 2017, two CAR T cell therapies were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: one for the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the other for adult patients with advanced lymphomas. However, despite significant progress in the area, CAR T cell therapy is still in its early days and faces significant challenges, including the complexity and costs associated with the technology. B cell lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic cancer in dogs, with an incidence approaching 0.1% and a total of 20-100 cases per 100,000 individuals. It is a widely accepted naturally occurring model for human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Current treatment is with combination chemotherapy protocols, which prolong life for less than a year in canines and are associated with severe dose-limiting side effects, such as gastrointestinal and bone marrow toxicity. To date, one canine study generated CAR T cells by transfection of mRNA for CAR domain expression. While this was shown to provide a transient anti-tumor activity, results were modest, indicating that stable, genomic integration of CAR modules is required in order to achieve lasting therapeutic benefit. This commentary summarizes the current state of knowledge on CAR T cell immunotherapy in human medicine and its potential applications in animal health, while discussing the potential of the canine model as a translational system for immuno-oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Mochel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA. .,Iowa State University College of Vet. Medicine, 2448 Lloyd, 1809 S Riverside Dr., Ames, Iowa, 50011-1250, USA.
| | - Stephen C Ekker
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
| | - Chad M Johannes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Albert E Jergens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Karin Allenspach
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Agnes Bourgois-Mochel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Michael Knouse
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Sebastien Benzekry
- Team MONC, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Wesley Wierson
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Saad S Kenderian
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Division of Hematology, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
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21
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Kwak HH, Woo HM, Park KM. The degree of major histocompatibility complex matching between purebred Maltese and mongrel dogs using microsatellite markers. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:e5. [PMID: 30944528 PMCID: PMC6441805 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term maintenance of transplanted organs is one of the major factors that increases survival time of recipients. Although obtaining a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched donor with the recipient is essential for successful organ transplantation, there have been limited reports on MHC matching between dogs. In this study, we analyzed the canine MHC matching rates using Maltese, one of the most popular purebred dogs, and mongrel dogs in Korea. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes and DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction with primers specific to MHC microsatellite markers. The MHC matching degree was confirmed by the microsatellite markers using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The MHC matching rates of each donor-recipient groups including Maltese-Maltese, mongrel-mongrel and Maltese-mongrel were 4.76%, 5.13% and 6.67%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the MHC matching degree between each group. These results demonstrate that MHC-matched donors could be selected from other breeds as much as from the same breed for transplantation. Knowledge of the MHC matching degree of purebred and mongrel dogs would offer valuable information not only for improving the success rate of organ transplantation surgery in canine patients but also for transplantation research using experimental canine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Hyun Kwak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Heung-Myong Woo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Kyung-Mee Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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22
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23
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Graves SS, Parker MH, Storb R. Animal Models for Preclinical Development of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. ILAR J 2018; 59:263-275. [PMID: 30010833 PMCID: PMC6808062 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ily006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its inception in the 1950s, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has become a highly effective clinical treatment for malignant and nonmalignant hematological disorders. This milestone in cancer therapy was only possible through decades of intensive research using murine and canine animal models that overcame what appeared in the early days to be insurmountable obstacles. Conditioning protocols for tumor ablation and immunosuppression of the recipient using irradiation and chemotherapeutic drugs were developed in mouse and dog models as well as postgrafting immunosuppression methods essential for dependable donor cell engraftment. The random-bred canine was particularly important in defining the role of histocompatibility barriers and the development of the nonmyeloablative transplantation procedure, making HCT available to elderly patients with comorbidities. Two complications limit the success of HCT: disease relapse and graft versus host disease. Studies in both mice and dogs have made significant progress toward reducing and to some degree eliminating patient morbidity and mortality associated with both disease relapse and graft versus host disease. However, more investigation is needed to make HCT more effective, safer, and available as a treatment modality for other non-life-threatening diseases such as autoimmune disorders. Here, we focus our review on the contributions made by both the murine and canine models for the successful past and future development of HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Graves
- Clinical Research Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington
| | - Maura H Parker
- Clinical Research Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington
| | - Rainer Storb
- Clinical Research Division of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington in Seattle, Washington
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24
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Lisowska M, Pawlak A, Kutkowska J, Hildebrand W, Ugorski M, Rapak A, Miazek A. Development of novel monoclonal antibodies to dog leukocyte antigen DR displaying direct and immune-mediated cytotoxicity toward canine lymphoma cell lines. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:554-560. [PMID: 29573261 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous canine lymphoma (CL) has become a promising, nonrodent model for advancing the therapeutic strategies of human hematological malignancies. As new resources for veterinary and comparative studies on CL-associated antigens, we developed 2 novel mouse monoclonal antibodies, denoted B5 and E11, that recognized the canine major histocompatibility Class II DR antigens (dog leukocyte antigen DR). Using flow cytometry and solid phase immunoenzymatic assays, we showed that the antigens recognized by B5 and E11 were strongly expressed in several CL cell lines and the ex vivo canine neoplastic cells of B and mixed B/T immunophenotypes. Additionally, we evaluated a minimal cross-reactivity of B5 and E11 with the human B-cell line, Raji. By the ectopic expression of the hybrid murine/canine I-E/DR dimers in the HEK293 cells, we demonstrated that the epitope of B5 was localized to the invariant DRα chain, whereas the epitope of E11 was collectively formed by the DRα and DRβ chains. Both epitopes were conformational and conserved in all the tested unrelated individuals of different dog breeds. In vitro treatment of 2 CL B-cell lines (CLBL1 and CLB70) with B5 and E11 rapidly induced a direct apoptotic cell death. Similarily, both mouse monoclonal antibodies efficiently killed the above cell lines through the mechanisms of complement-dependent and antibody-mediated cellular phagocytosis. Collectively, our data support the further development of B5 and E11 as novel tools for dog leukocyte antigen DR-targeted, preclinical trials involving CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lisowska
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Kutkowska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Miazek
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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25
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26
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Chu CP, Hokamp JA, Cianciolo RE, Dabney AR, Brinkmeyer-Langford C, Lees GE, Nabity MB. RNA-seq of serial kidney biopsies obtained during progression of chronic kidney disease from dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16776. [PMID: 29196624 PMCID: PMC5711945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy (XLHN) have a glomerular basement membrane defect that leads to progressive juvenile-onset renal failure. Their disease is analogous to Alport syndrome in humans, and they also serve as a good model of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the gene expression profile that affects progression in this disease has only been partially characterized. To help fill this gap, we used RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), over-represented pathways, and upstream regulators that contribute to kidney disease progression. Total RNA from kidney biopsies was isolated at 3 clinical time points from 3 males with rapidly-progressing CKD, 3 males with slowly-progressing CKD, and 2 age-matched controls. We identified 70 DEGs by comparing rapid and slow groups at specific time points. Based on time course analysis, 1,947 DEGs were identified over the 3 time points revealing upregulation of inflammatory pathways: integrin signaling, T cell activation, and chemokine and cytokine signaling pathways. T cell infiltration was verified by immunohistochemistry. TGF-β1 was identified as the primary upstream regulator. These results provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease progression in XLHN, and the identified DEGs can be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets translatable to all CKDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice P Chu
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jessica A Hokamp
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rachel E Cianciolo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alan R Dabney
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Candice Brinkmeyer-Langford
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - George E Lees
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mary B Nabity
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Argyle DJ, Pecceu E. Canine and feline lymphoma: challenges and opportunities for creating a paradigm shift. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 14 Suppl 1:1-7. [PMID: 27505685 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Argyle
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
| | - E Pecceu
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
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28
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Park JS, Withers SS, Modiano JF, Kent MS, Chen M, Luna JI, Culp WTN, Sparger EE, Rebhun RB, Monjazeb AM, Murphy WJ, Canter RJ. Canine cancer immunotherapy studies: linking mouse and human. J Immunother Cancer 2016; 4:97. [PMID: 28031824 PMCID: PMC5171656 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-016-0200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent major clinical breakthroughs in human cancer immunotherapy including the use of checkpoint inhibitors and engineered T cells, important challenges remain, including determining the sub-populations of patients who will respond and who will experience at times significant toxicities. Although advances in cancer immunotherapy depend on preclinical testing, the majority of in-vivo testing currently relies on genetically identical inbred mouse models which, while offering critical insights regarding efficacy and mechanism of action, also vastly underrepresent the heterogeneity and complex interplay of human immune cells and cancers. Additionally, laboratory mice uncommonly develop spontaneous tumors, are housed under specific-pathogen free conditions which markedly impacts immune development, and incompletely model key aspects of the tumor/immune microenvironment. The canine model represents a powerful tool in cancer immunotherapy research as an important link between murine models and human clinical studies. Dogs represent an attractive outbred combination of companion animals that experience spontaneous cancer development in the setting of an intact immune system. This allows for study of complex immune interactions during the course of treatment while also directly addressing long-term efficacy and toxicity of cancer immunotherapies. However, immune dissection requires access to robust and validated immune assays and reagents as well as appropriate numbers for statistical evaluation. Canine studies will need further optimization of these important mechanistic tools for this model to fulfill its promise as a model for immunotherapy. This review aims to discuss the canine model in the context of existing preclinical cancer immunotherapy models to evaluate both its advantages and limitations, as well as highlighting its growth as a powerful tool in the burgeoning field of both human and veterinary immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon S Park
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Sita S Withers
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Michael S Kent
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Jesus I Luna
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William T N Culp
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ellen E Sparger
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Arta M Monjazeb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Dermatology and Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.,Department of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Robert J Canter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
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29
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Beirão BCB, Raposo T, Jain S, Hupp T, Argyle DJ. Challenges and opportunities for monoclonal antibody therapy in veterinary oncology. Vet J 2016; 218:40-50. [PMID: 27938708 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have come to dominate the biologics market in human cancer therapy. Nevertheless, in veterinary medicine, very few clinical trials have been initiated using this form of therapy. Some of the advantages of mAb therapeutics over conventional drugs are high specificity, precise mode of action and long half-life, which favour infrequent dosing of the antibody. Further advancement in the field of biomedical sciences has led to the production of different forms of antibodies, such as single chain antibody fragment, Fab, bi-specific antibodies and drug conjugates for use in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review describes the potential for mAbs in veterinary oncology in supporting both diagnosis and therapy of cancer. The technical and financial hurdles to facilitate clinical acceptance of mAbs are explored and insights into novel technologies and targets that could support more rapid clinical development are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno C B Beirão
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Raposo
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Saurabh Jain
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Ted Hupp
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - David J Argyle
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
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30
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Weiskopf K, Anderson KL, Ito D, Schnorr PJ, Tomiyasu H, Ring AM, Bloink K, Efe J, Rue S, Lowery D, Barkal A, Prohaska S, McKenna KM, Cornax I, O'Brien TD, O'Sullivan MG, Weissman IL, Modiano JF. Eradication of Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Murine Xenograft Model with CD47 Blockade and Anti-CD20. Cancer Immunol Res 2016; 4:1072-1087. [PMID: 27856424 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies hold much promise, but their potential in veterinary settings has not yet been fully appreciated. Canine lymphomas are among the most common tumors of dogs and bear remarkable similarity to human disease. In this study, we examined the combination of CD47 blockade with anti-CD20 passive immunotherapy for canine lymphoma. The CD47/SIRPα axis is an immune checkpoint that regulates macrophage activation. In humans, CD47 is expressed on cancer cells and enables evasion from phagocytosis. CD47-blocking therapies are now under investigation in clinical trials for a variety of human cancers. We found the canine CD47/SIRPα axis to be conserved biochemically and functionally. We identified high-affinity SIRPα variants that antagonize canine CD47 and stimulate phagocytosis of canine cancer cells in vitro When tested as Fc fusion proteins, these therapeutic agents exhibited single-agent efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of canine lymphoma. As robust synergy between CD47 blockade and tumor-specific antibodies has been demonstrated for human cancer, we evaluated the combination of CD47 blockade with 1E4-cIgGB, a canine-specific antibody to CD20. 1E4-cIgGB could elicit a therapeutic response against canine lymphoma in vivo as a single agent. However, augmented responses were observed when combined with CD47-blocking therapies, resulting in synergy in vitro and in vivo and eliciting cures in 100% of mice bearing canine lymphoma. Our findings support further testing of CD47-blocking therapies alone and in combination with CD20 antibodies in the veterinary setting. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(12); 1072-87. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipp Weiskopf
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. .,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Katie L Anderson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Peter J Schnorr
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Jem Efe
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California
| | - Sarah Rue
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California
| | - David Lowery
- Elanco Animal Health US, Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Amira Barkal
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Susan Prohaska
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kelly M McKenna
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ingrid Cornax
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Timothy D O'Brien
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - M Gerard O'Sullivan
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota. .,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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31
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Panjwani MK, Smith JB, Schutsky K, Gnanandarajah J, O'Connor CM, Powell DJ, Mason NJ. Feasibility and Safety of RNA-transfected CD20-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Dogs with Spontaneous B Cell Lymphoma. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1602-14. [PMID: 27401141 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical murine models of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy are widely applied, but are greatly limited by their inability to model the complex human tumor microenvironment and adequately predict safety and efficacy in patients. We therefore sought to develop a system that would enable us to evaluate CAR T cell therapies in dogs with spontaneous cancers. We developed an expansion methodology that yields large numbers of canine T cells from normal or lymphoma-diseased dogs. mRNA electroporation was utilized to express a first-generation canine CD20-specific CAR in expanded T cells. The canine CD20 (cCD20) CAR expression was efficient and transient, and electroporated T cells exhibited antigen-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion and lysed cCD20+ targets. In a first-in-canine study, autologous cCD20-ζ CAR T cells were administered to a dog with relapsed B cell lymphoma. Treatment was well tolerated and led to a modest, but transient, antitumor activity, suggesting that stable CAR expression will be necessary for durable clinical remissions. Our study establishes the methodologies necessary to evaluate CAR T cell therapy in dogs with spontaneous malignancies and lays the foundation for use of outbred canine cancer patients to evaluate the safety and efficacy of next-generation CAR therapies and their optimization prior to translation into humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kazim Panjwani
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jenessa B Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Keith Schutsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Josephine Gnanandarajah
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Powell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola J Mason
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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32
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Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA, Valli VEO. Immunohistochemical Detection of Multiple Myeloma 1/Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (MUM1/IRF-4) in Canine Plasmacytoma: Comparison with CD79a and CD20. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:875-84. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-6-875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma oncogene 1/interferon regulatory factor 4 (MUM1/IRF4) is involved in lymphoid cell differentiation, particularly in the production of plasma cells. We examined the immunoreactivity of mouse monoclonal antibody Mum-1p to MUM1/IRF4 and compared it with expression of CD79a and CD20 in 109 plasmacytomas in 107 dogs. Tissues had been fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. One hundred one of 109 (93.5%) tumors were positive for MUM1/IRF4. The staining was nuclear with weak cytoplasmic reaction. Fifty-nine of 105 (56.2%) plasmacytomas were positive for CD79a; only 21 of 108 (19.4%) cases were positive for CD20. MUM1/IRF4 staining was performed on 139 other tumors including B- and T-cell lymphomas, histiocytic proliferations, mast cell tumors, and melanocytic tumors. The only MUM1/IRF4-positive nonplasmacytic tumors were 10 B-cell lymphomas and 1 anaplastic lymphoma. We conclude the following: 1) Antibody Mum-1p is very specific for canine plasmacytomas, 2) antibody Mum-1p is superior in sensitivity and specificity to CD79a and CD20 for the identification of canine plasmacytomas in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, 3) canine lymphomas that express MUM1/IRF4 are few and usually of B-cell origin, 4) other canine leukocytic and melanocytic tumors do not express MUM1/IRF4, and 5) prospective studies are needed to determine whether the expression of MUM1/IRF4, particularly in lymphomas, has prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Ramos-Vara
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - M. A. Miller
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - V. E. O. Valli
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
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33
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34
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Jain S, Aresu L, Comazzi S, Shi J, Worrall E, Clayton J, Humphries W, Hemmington S, Davis P, Murray E, Limeneh AA, Ball K, Ruckova E, Muller P, Vojtesek B, Fahraeus R, Argyle D, Hupp TR. The Development of a Recombinant scFv Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Canine CD20 for Use in Comparative Medicine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148366. [PMID: 26894679 PMCID: PMC4760772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are leading agents for therapeutic treatment of human diseases, but are limited in use by the paucity of clinically relevant models for validation. Sporadic canine tumours mimic the features of some human equivalents. Developing canine immunotherapeutics can be an approach for modeling human disease responses. Rituximab is a pioneering agent used to treat human hematological malignancies. Biologic mimics that target canine CD20 are just being developed by the biotechnology industry. Towards a comparative canine-human model system, we have developed a novel anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (NCD1.2) that binds both human and canine CD20. NCD1.2 has a sub-nanomolar Kd as defined by an octet red binding assay. Using FACS, NCD1.2 binds to clinically derived canine cells including B-cells in peripheral blood and in different histotypes of B-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of canine tissues indicates that the NCD1.2 binds to membrane localized cells in Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma, Marginal Zone Lymphoma, and other canine B-cell lymphomas. We cloned the heavy and light chains of NCD1.2 from hybridomas to determine whether active scaffolds can be acquired as future biologics tools. The VH and VL genes from the hybridomas were cloned using degenerate primers and packaged as single chains (scFv) into a phage-display library. Surprisingly, we identified two scFv (scFv-3 and scFv-7) isolated from the hybridoma with bioactivity towards CD20. The two scFv had identical VH genes but different VL genes and identical CDR3s, indicating that at least two light chain mRNAs are encoded by NCD1.2 hybridoma cells. Both scFv-3 and scFv-7 were cloned into mammalian vectors for secretion in CHO cells and the antibodies were bioactive towards recombinant CD20 protein or peptide. The scFv-3 and scFv-7 were cloned into an ADEPT-CPG2 bioconjugate vector where bioactivity was retained when expressed in bacterial systems. These data identify a recombinant anti-CD20 scFv that might form a useful tool for evaluation in bioconjugate-directed anti-CD20 immunotherapies in comparative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Jain
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Aresu
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione (BCA) Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Università di Padova 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Stefano Comazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Jianguo Shi
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Erin Worrall
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - John Clayton
- Mologic, Ltd, Bedford Technology Park, Thurleigh, Bedford, MK44 2YP, United Kingdom
| | - William Humphries
- Mologic, Ltd, Bedford Technology Park, Thurleigh, Bedford, MK44 2YP, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Hemmington
- Mologic, Ltd, Bedford Technology Park, Thurleigh, Bedford, MK44 2YP, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Davis
- Mologic, Ltd, Bedford Technology Park, Thurleigh, Bedford, MK44 2YP, United Kingdom
| | - Euan Murray
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
- INSERM Unité 940, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St Louis, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, Paris, France
| | - Asmare A. Limeneh
- Bahit Dar University College of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Kathryn Ball
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Ruckova
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Muller
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borek Vojtesek
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robin Fahraeus
- INSERM Unité 940, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, Université Paris 7, Hôpital St Louis, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, Paris, France
| | - David Argyle
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetic and Molecular Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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35
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Swann JW, Garden OA. Novel immunotherapies for immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia in dogs and people. Vet J 2016; 207:13-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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Scott MC, Sarver AL, Tomiyasu H, Cornax I, Van Etten J, Varshney J, O'Sullivan MG, Subramanian S, Modiano JF. Aberrant Retinoblastoma (RB)-E2F Transcriptional Regulation Defines Molecular Phenotypes of Osteosarcoma. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:28070-28083. [PMID: 26378234 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.679696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously identified two distinct molecular subtypes of osteosarcoma through gene expression profiling. These subtypes are associated with distinct tumor behavior and clinical outcomes. Here, we describe mechanisms that give rise to these molecular subtypes. Using bioinformatic analyses, we identified a significant association between deregulation of the retinoblastoma (RB)-E2F pathway and the molecular subtype with worse clinical outcomes. Xenotransplantation models recapitulated the corresponding behavior for each osteosarcoma subtype; thus, we used cell lines to validate the role of the RB-E2F pathway in regulating the prognostic gene signature. Ectopic RB resets the patterns of E2F regulated gene expression in cells derived from tumors with worse clinical outcomes (molecular phenotype 2) to those comparable with those observed in cells derived from tumors with less aggressive outcomes (molecular phenotype 1), providing a functional association between RB-E2F dysfunction and altered gene expression in osteosarcoma. DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors similarly reset the transcriptional state of the molecular phenotype 2 cells from a state associated with RB deficiency to one seen with RB sufficiency. Our data indicate that deregulation of RB-E2F pathway alters the epigenetic landscape and biological behavior of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milcah C Scott
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Masonic Cancer Center
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Masonic Cancer Center
| | - Ingrid Cornax
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Masonic Cancer Center; Veterinary Population Medicine
| | - Jamie Van Etten
- Masonic Cancer Center; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine
| | - Jyotika Varshney
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine; Veterinary Medicine Graduate Program, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - M Gerard O'Sullivan
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Masonic Cancer Center; Veterinary Population Medicine
| | - Subbaya Subramanian
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Masonic Cancer Center; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program; Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Masonic Cancer Center; Stem Cell Institute; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.
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37
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Richards KL, Suter SE. Man's best friend: what can pet dogs teach us about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? Immunol Rev 2015; 263:173-91. [PMID: 25510277 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are essential for understanding lymphoma biology and testing new treatments prior to human studies. Spontaneously arising lymphomas in pet dogs represent an underutilized resource that could be used to complement current mouse lymphoma models, which do not adequately represent all aspects of the human disease. Canine lymphoma resembles human lymphoma in many important ways, including characteristic translocations and molecular abnormalities and similar therapeutic responses to chemotherapy, radiation, and newer targeted therapies (e.g. ibrutinib). Given the large number of pet dogs and high incidence of lymphoma, particularly in susceptible breeds, dogs represent a largely untapped resource for advancing the understanding and treatment of human lymphoma. This review highlights similarities in molecular biology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes between human and canine lymphoma. It also describes resources that are currently available to study canine lymphoma, advantages to be gained by exploiting the genetic breed structure in dogs, and current and future challenges and opportunities to take full advantage of this resource for lymphoma studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Richards
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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38
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Marconato L, Buracco P, Aresu L. Perspectives on the design of clinical trials for targeted therapies and immunotherapy in veterinary oncology. Vet J 2015; 205:238-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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39
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Rue SM, Eckelman BP, Efe JA, Bloink K, Deveraux QL, Lowery D, Nasoff M. Identification of a candidate therapeutic antibody for treatment of canine B-cell lymphoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 164:148-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Braun U, Brammertz C, Maischberger E, Bass DA, Klausmann S, Sydler T. T-cell lymphoma in the nasal cavity of a Brown Swiss heifer. Acta Vet Scand 2015; 57:8. [PMID: 25886837 PMCID: PMC4327786 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-015-0100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumours of the upper respiratory tract are relatively common in cattle, but to our knowledge, there have been no reports of lymphoma of the nasal cavity. This case report describes the findings in a 22-month-old Brown Swiss heifer with T-cell lymphoma of the nasal cavity. Case presentation The main clinical findings were lacrimation and swelling of the head above and below the right eye, mild exophthalmos, third eyelid prolapse, purulent ocular discharge and congestion of scleral blood vessels. An endoscope could only be introduced a few centimetres into the right nasal cavity because of an obstructing mass in the nasal passage. Radiographs showed a mass in the right nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. A tentative diagnosis of neoplasia of the right nasal cavity was made and the heifer was euthanased and necropsied. A firm, tan mass measuring 10 by 13 by 15 cm in the right half of the head occupied the entire right nasal cavity. A final diagnosis of high-grade, malignant, small-sized T-cell lymphoma was made based on histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. A distinction between αβ T-cell or γδ T-cell lymphoma was not made. Conclusions This report on T-cell lymphoma in the nasal cavity of a cow suggests that nasal lymphoma should be included in the list of differential diagnosis of conditions associated with dyspnoea and stertorous breathing in cattle.
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Ito D, Childress M, Mason N, Winter A, O'Brien T, Henson M, Borgatti A, Lewellen M, Krick E, Stewart J, Lahrman S, Rajwa B, Scott MC, Seelig D, Koopmeiners J, Ruetz S, Modiano J. A double blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study to examine reduction of CD34 +/CD117 +/CD133 + lymphoma progenitor cells and duration of remission induced by neoadjuvant valspodar in dogs with large B-cell lymphoma. F1000Res 2015; 4:42. [PMID: 28357033 PMCID: PMC5357040 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6055.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously described a population of lymphoid progenitor cells (LPCs) in canine B-cell lymphoma defined by retention of the early progenitor markers CD34 and CD117 and “slow proliferation” molecular signatures that persist in the xenotransplantation setting. We examined whether valspodar, a selective inhibitor of the ATP binding cassette B1 transporter (ABCB1, a.k.a., p-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance protein-1) used in the neoadjuvant setting would sensitize LPCs to doxorubicin and extend the length of remission in dogs with therapy naïve large B-cell lymphoma. Twenty dogs were enrolled into a double-blinded, placebo controlled study where experimental and control groups received oral valspodar (7.5 mg/kg) or placebo, respectively, twice daily for five days followed by five treatments with doxorubicin 21 days apart with a reduction in the first dose to mitigate the potential side effects of ABCB1 inhibition. Lymph node and blood LPCs were quantified at diagnosis, on the fourth day of neoadjuvant period, and 1-week after the first chemotherapy dose. Valspodar therapy was well tolerated. There were no differences between groups in total LPCs in lymph nodes or peripheral blood, nor in event-free survival or overall survival. Overall, we conclude that valspodar can be administered safely in the neoadjuvant setting for canine B-cell lymphoma; however, its use to attenuate ABCB1
+ cells does not alter the composition of lymph node or blood LPCs, and it does not appear to be sufficient to prolong doxorubicin-dependent remissions in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ito
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nicola Mason
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Amber Winter
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Clinical Investigation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Henson
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mitzi Lewellen
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Erika Krick
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jane Stewart
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sarah Lahrman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Bartek Rajwa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Davis Seelig
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joseph Koopmeiners
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Jaime Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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42
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Ito D, Childress M, Mason N, Winter A, O'Brien T, Henson M, Borgatti A, Lewellen M, Krick E, Stewart J, Lahrman S, Rajwa B, Scott MC, Seelig D, Koopmeiners J, Ruetz S, Modiano J. A double blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study to examine reduction of CD34 +/CD117 +/CD133 + lymphoma progenitor cells and duration of remission induced by neoadjuvant valspodar in dogs with large B-cell lymphoma. F1000Res 2015; 4:42. [PMID: 28357033 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6055.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously described a population of lymphoid progenitor cells (LPCs) in canine B-cell lymphoma defined by retention of the early progenitor markers CD34 and CD117 and "slow proliferation" molecular signatures that persist in the xenotransplantation setting. We examined whether valspodar, a selective inhibitor of the ATP binding cassette B1 transporter (ABCB1, a.k.a., p-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance protein-1) used in the neoadjuvant setting would sensitize LPCs to doxorubicin and extend the length of remission in dogs with therapy naïve large B-cell lymphoma. Twenty dogs were enrolled into a double-blinded, placebo controlled study where experimental and control groups received oral valspodar (7.5 mg/kg) or placebo, respectively, twice daily for five days followed by five treatments with doxorubicin 21 days apart with a reduction in the first dose to mitigate the potential side effects of ABCB1 inhibition. Lymph node and blood LPCs were quantified at diagnosis, on the fourth day of neoadjuvant period, and 1-week after the first chemotherapy dose. Valspodar therapy was well tolerated. There were no differences between groups in total LPCs in lymph nodes or peripheral blood, nor in event-free survival or overall survival. Overall, we conclude that valspodar can be administered safely in the neoadjuvant setting for canine B-cell lymphoma; however, its use to attenuate ABCB1 + cells does not alter the composition of lymph node or blood LPCs, and it does not appear to be sufficient to prolong doxorubicin-dependent remissions in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ito
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nicola Mason
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Amber Winter
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Clinical Investigation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Henson
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mitzi Lewellen
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Erika Krick
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jane Stewart
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sarah Lahrman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Bartek Rajwa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Milcah C Scott
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Davis Seelig
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joseph Koopmeiners
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Jaime Modiano
- Animal Cancer Care and Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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43
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O'Connor CM, Wilson-Robles H. Developing T Cell Cancer Immunotherapy in the Dog with Lymphoma. ILAR J 2014; 55:169-81. [DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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44
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Ito D, Brewer S, Modiano JF, Beall MJ. Development of a novel anti-canine CD20 monoclonal antibody with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:219-25. [PMID: 24724777 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.914193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In humans, passive immunotherapy with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has created immeasurable improvements in outcomes of patients with B-cell malignancies. However, the lack of comparable reagents has precluded development of this approach in dogs. We developed a novel anti-canine CD20 mAb designated as 6C8. 6C8 recognized the extracellular domain of canine CD20 and showed high-affinity binding to canine CD20 in solution, as well as in its native conformation on canine B-cells. The 6C8 target was expressed invariably in B-cell lineage cells, but not in T-cells or myeloid cells. 6C8 promoted phagocytosis of B-cell lymphoma cells by macrophages, but in its current framework, it did not induce direct cytotoxicity or complement dependent cytotoxicity. In summary, we have established a novel anti-canine CD20 mAb that is useful as a diagnostic tool to phenotype B-cells, and which could be integrated as a tool for passive immunotherapy to treat dogs with B-cell disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ito
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN , USA
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45
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Singer J, Fazekas J, Wang W, Weichselbaumer M, Matz M, Mader A, Steinfellner W, Meitz S, Mechtcheriakova D, Sobanov Y, Willmann M, Stockner T, Spillner E, Kunert R, Jensen-Jarolim E. Generation of a canine anti-EGFR (ErbB-1) antibody for passive immunotherapy in dog cancer patients. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1777-1790. [PMID: 24755200 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies represents a cornerstone of human anticancer therapies, but has not been established in veterinary medicine yet. As the tumor-associated antigen EGFR (ErbB-1) is highly conserved between humans and dogs, and considering the effectiveness of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab in human clinical oncology, we present here a "caninized" version of this antibody, can225IgG, for comparative oncology studies. Variable region genes of 225, the murine precursor of cetuximab, were fused with canine constant heavy gamma and kappa chain genes, respectively, and transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DUKX-B11 cells. Of note, 480 clones were screened and the best clones were selected according to productivity and highest specificity in EGFR-coated ELISA. Upon purification with Protein G, the recombinant cetuximab-like canine IgG was tested for integrity, correct assembly, and functionality. Specific binding to the surface of EGFR-overexpressing cells was assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence; moreover, binding to canine mammary tissue was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. In cell viability and proliferation assays, incubation with can225IgG led to significant tumor cell growth inhibition. Moreover, this antibody mediated significant tumor cell killing via phagocytosis in vitro. We thus present here, for the first time, the generation of a canine IgG antibody and its hypothetical structure. On the basis of its cetuximab-like binding site, on the one hand, and the expression of a 91% homologous EGFR molecule in canine cancer, on the other hand, this antibody may be a promising research compound to establish passive immunotherapy in dog patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Singer
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna
| | - Judit Fazekas
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna
- Department for Applied Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, FH Campus Wien
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Marlene Weichselbaumer
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna
| | - Miroslawa Matz
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Alexander Mader
- Department of Biotechnology, VIBT-BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Willibald Steinfellner
- Department of Biotechnology, VIBT-BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Meitz
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna
| | - Diana Mechtcheriakova
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Yuri Sobanov
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Michael Willmann
- Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Edzard Spillner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renate Kunert
- Department of Biotechnology, VIBT-BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna
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46
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London CA, Bernabe LF, Barnard S, Kisseberth WC, Borgatti A, Henson M, Wilson H, Jensen K, Ito D, Modiano JF, Bear MD, Pennell ML, Saint-Martin JR, McCauley D, Kauffman M, Shacham S. Preclinical evaluation of the novel, orally bioavailable Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) KPT-335 in spontaneous canine cancer: results of a phase I study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87585. [PMID: 24503695 PMCID: PMC3913620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds that inhibit the function of the nuclear export protein Exportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1) against canine tumor cell lines and perform a Phase I clinical trial of KPT-335 in dogs with spontaneous cancer to provide a preliminary assessment of biologic activity and tolerability. METHODS AND FINDINGS Canine tumor cell lines derived from non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), mast cell tumor, melanoma and osteosarcoma exhibited growth inhibition and apoptosis in response to nanomolar concentrations of SINE compounds; NHL cells were particularly sensitive with IC50 concentrations ranging from 2-42 nM. A Phase I clinical trial of KPT-335 was performed in 17 dogs with NHL (naive or relapsed), mast cell tumor or osteosarcoma. The maximum tolerated dose was 1.75 mg/kg given orally twice/week (Monday/Thursday) although biologic activity was observed at 1 mg/kg. Clinical benefit (CB) including partial response to therapy (PR, n = 2) and stable disease (SD, n = 7) was observed in 9/14 dogs with NHL with a median time to progression (TTP) for responders of 66 days (range 35-256 days). A dose expansion study was performed in 6 dogs with NHL given 1.5 mg/kg KPT-335 Monday/Wednesday/Friday; CB was observed in 4/6 dogs with a median TTP for responders of 83 days (range 35-354 days). Toxicities were primarily gastrointestinal consisting of anorexia, weight loss, vomiting and diarrhea and were manageable with supportive care, dose modulation and administration of low dose prednisone; hepatotoxicity, anorexia and weight loss were the dose limiting toxicities. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the novel orally bioavailable XPO1 inhibitor KPT-335 is safe and exhibits activity in a relevant, spontaneous large animal model of cancer. Data from this study provides critical new information that lays the groundwork for evaluation of SINE compounds in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A. London
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Luis Feo Bernabe
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sandra Barnard
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - William C. Kisseberth
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mike Henson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Heather Wilson
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kiersten Jensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jaime F. Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Misty D. Bear
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Pennell
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Dilara McCauley
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Natick, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael Kauffman
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Natick, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sharon Shacham
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Natick, Massachusetts, United States of America
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47
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Ota-Kuroki J, Ragsdale JM, Bawa B, Wakamatsu N, Kuroki K. Intraocular and periocular lymphoma in dogs and cats: a retrospective review of 21 cases (2001-2012). Vet Ophthalmol 2013; 17:389-96. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Ota-Kuroki
- Midwest Veterinary Referral Center; 17497 N. Outer 40 Drive Chesterfield MO 63005 USA
| | - John M. Ragsdale
- Veterinary Diagnostic Services; New Mexico Department of Agriculture; New Mexico State University; 1101 Camino de Salud NE Albuquerque NM 87102 USA
| | - Bhupinder Bawa
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| | - Nobuko Wakamatsu
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Keiichi Kuroki
- Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory; University of Missouri; 1600 E. Rollins Columbia MO 65211 USA
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48
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Vidaña B, Majó N, Pérez M, Montoya M, Martorell J, Martínez J. Immune System Cells in Healthy Ferrets. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:775-86. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985813502815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ferret has emerged as an excellent animal model to characterize several physiologic and pathologic conditions. The distribution and characterization of different types of immune system cells were studied in healthy ferret tissues. Eight primary antibodies were tested for immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed tissues: anti-CD3, anti-CD79α, anti-CD20, anti-HLA-DR, anti-lysozyme, anti-CD163, anti-SWC3, and anti-Mac387. The anti-CD3 antibody labeled T cells mainly in interfollicular and paracortical areas of lymph nodes, cortex and thymic medulla, and periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths in the spleen. The anti-CD79α and anti-CD20 antibodies immunolabeled B cells located in lymphoid follicles at lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer patches. The CD79α and CD20 antibodies also labeled cells with nonlymphoid morphology in atypical B-cell locations. The anti-HLA-DR antibody labeled macrophages, some populations of B and T lymphocytes, and different populations of dendritic cells in lymph nodes, Peyer patches, spleen, and thymus. The anti-lysozyme antibody immunolabeled macrophages in the liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. The Mac-387, CD163, and SWC3 antibodies did not show any positive reaction in formalin-fixed or frozen tissues. To elucidate the origin of the uncommon CD79α/CD20 positive cells, a double immunohistochemistry was carried out using the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD79α, the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD20, and the anti-lysozyme + the anti-CD79α antibodies. Double labeling was mainly observed when the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD79α antibodies were combined. The immunohistologic characterization and distribution of these immune system cells in healthy ferret tissues should be of value in future comparative studies of diseases in ferrets.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vidaña
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - N. Majó
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - M. Pérez
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - M. Montoya
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Martorell
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - J. Martínez
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
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Albonico F, Mortarino M, Avallone G, Gioia G, Comazzi S, Roccabianca P. The expression ratio of miR-17-5p and miR-155 correlates with grading in canine splenic lymphoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013; 155:117-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hematopoietic Tumors. WITHROW AND MACEWEN'S SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2013. [PMCID: PMC7161412 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2362-5.00032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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