1
|
Zohra T, Saeed F, Ikram A, Khan T, Alam S, Adil M, Gul A, Almawash S, Ayaz M. Nanomedicine as a potential novel therapeutic approach against the dengue virus. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1567-1584. [PMID: 37753727 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an arbovirus infection which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Its prompt detection and effective treatment is a global health challenge. Various nanoparticle-based vaccines have been formulated to present immunogen (antigens) to instigate an immune response or prevent virus spread, but no specific treatment has been devised. This review explores the role of nanomedicine-based therapeutic agents against dengue virus, taking into consideration the applicable dengue virus assays that are sensitive, specific, have a short turnaround time and are inexpensive. Various kinds of metallic, polymeric and lipid nanoparticles with safe and effective profiles present an alternative strategy that could provide a better remedy for eradicating the dengue virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeel Zohra
- Public Health Laboratories Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ikram
- Public Health Laboratories Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Siyab Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adil
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Gul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, H3T IJ4, Canada
| | - Saud Almawash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800 Dir (L), KP, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Islam A, Deeba F, Tarai B, Gupta E, Naqvi IH, Abdullah M, Dohare R, Ahmed A, Almajhdi FN, Hussain T, Parveen S. Global and local evolutionary dynamics of Dengue virus serotypes 1, 3, and 4. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e127. [PMID: 37293986 PMCID: PMC10540175 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary studies on Dengue virus (DENV) in endemic regions are necessary since naturally occurring mutations may lead to genotypic variations or shifts in serotypes, which may lead to future outbreaks. Our study comprehends the evolutionary dynamics of DENV, using phylogenetic, molecular clock, skyline plots, network, selection pressure, and entropy analyses based on partial CprM gene sequences. We have collected 250 samples, 161 in 2017 and 89 in 2018. Details for the 2017 samples were published in our previous article and that of 2018 are presented in this study. Further evolutionary analysis was carried out using 800 sequences, which incorporate the study and global sequences from GenBank: DENV-1 (n = 240), DENV-3 (n = 374), and DENV-4 (n = 186), identified during 1944-2020, 1956-2020, and 1956-2021, respectively. Genotypes V, III, and I were identified as the predominant genotypes of the DENV-1, DENV-3, and DENV-4 serotypes, respectively. The rate of nucleotide substitution was found highest in DENV-3 (7.90 × 10-4 s/s/y), followed by DENV-4 (6.23 × 10-4 s/s/y) and DENV-1 (5.99 × 10-4 s/s/y). The Bayesian skyline plots of the Indian strains revealed dissimilar patterns amongst the population size of the three serotypes. Network analyses showed the presence of different clusters within the prevalent genotypes. The data presented in this study will assist in supplementing the measures for vaccine development against DENV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Deeba
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Bansidhar Tarai
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Gupta
- Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Irshad H. Naqvi
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd. Abdullah
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad N. Almajhdi
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shama Parveen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Farias PCS, Pastor AF, Gonçales JP, do Nascimento IDS, de Souza Ferraz ES, Lopes TRR, do Carmo RF, Côelho MRCD, Silva Júnior JVJ. Epidemiological profile of arboviruses in two different scenarios: dengue circulation vs. dengue, chikungunya and Zika co-circulation. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:177. [PMID: 36949383 PMCID: PMC10035144 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity and distribution of dengue virus (DENV) infections have been attributed to a complex interaction among viral, host and environmental factors. Herein, we investigated the influence of chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses on the epidemiological profile of dengue cases, using Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil, as a study model. In addition, we described and compared the epidemiological profile related to each arbovirus (DENV vs. CHIKV vs. ZIKV). METHODS All cases of dengue, chikungunya and Zika reported to the Pernambuco Health Department in 2011-2013 (DENV circulation) and 2016-2018 (DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV co-circulation) were included in our study. The cases were classified by sex, age and race/color and their distribution was analyzed by the χ2 test. Furthermore, the data were also analyzed for co-infections. Temperature, humidity and rainfall data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and paired t-test. RESULTS During 2011-2013, 15,315 dengue cases were diagnosed, most of them female, brown and 20-29 age group. Between 2016 and 2018, 15,870 dengue cases were described, which presented the same profile described above. In the two triennia, the female/male dengue ratio fluctuated significantly, ranging from 1.07 to 1.52. Regarding chikungunya, 7076 cases were reported, most of them female and brown. The female/male ratio also fluctuated significantly, ranging from 1.62 to 2.1. Two main age groups were observed in chikungunya: ≤ 19 years (minority of diagnoses) and ≥ 20 years (majority of diagnoses). In the same triennium, 266 Zika cases were reported to the Pernambuco Health Department, mainly in females and in the 0-9 and 20-39 age groups. In general, 119 co-infections were identified: 117 DENV-CHIKV, 1 CHIKV-ZIKV and 1 DENV-CHIKV-ZIKV. Concerning climate data, only the humidity in 2011 was significantly different from the other years. CONCLUSION The epidemiological profile of dengue cases did not change after the introduction of CHIKV and ZIKV. Females were the most diagnosed with dengue, chikungunya or Zika, however we found important differences in the age profile of these arboviruses, which should be considered by public health policies, as well as investigated in future studies of virus-host interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - André Filipe Pastor
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sertão Pernambucano, Floresta, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Juliana Prado Gonçales
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Institute, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- SER Educational Group, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thaísa Regina Rocha Lopes
- Virology Sector, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- Collegiate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Institute, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Virology Sector, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pereira FMM, Schimit PHT. Spatial dynamics of dengue fever spreading for the coexistence of two serotypes with an application to the city of São Paulo, Brazil. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 219:106758. [PMID: 35398620 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dengue fever is a disease in which individuals' spatial distribution and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes breeding places are important factors for the disease dynamics. Typically urban, dengue is a problem for least developed countries due to the ineffectiveness in controlling the vector and disorderly urbanization processes. The result is a composition of urban sanitation problems and areas with high demographic densities and intense flows of people. This paper explores the spatial distribution of vector breeding places to evaluate introducing a new dengue serotype to a population at equilibrium for a pre-existing serotype. The paper's objective is to analyze the spatial dynamics of dengue using variations of the basic reproduction number. METHODS A model based on probabilistic cellular automata is proposed to permitting the necessary flexibility to consider some spatial distributions of vector breeding places. Then, ordinary differential equations are used as a mean-field approach of the model, and the basic reproduction number (R0) is derived considering the next-generation matrix method. A spatial approach for R0 is also proposed, and the model is tested in a neighbourhood from the city of São Paulo, Brazil, to examine the potential risks of vector breeding cells distribution. RESULTS The results indicated that the more spread out these places, the higher are the values of R0. When the model is applied to a neighbourhood in São Paulo, residential areas may boost the infections and must be under public vigilance to combat vector breeding sites. CONCLUSIONS Considering the mean-field approximation of the cellular automata model by ordinary differential equations, the basic reproduction number derived returned an estimative of the disease dynamics in the population. However, the spatial basic reproduction number was more assertive in showing areas with a higher disease incidence. Moreover, the model could be easily adapted to be used in real maps enabling simulations closer to real problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F M M Pereira
- Informatics and Knowledge Management Graduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249 São Paulo, 01525-000, SP, Brazil.
| | - P H T Schimit
- Informatics and Knowledge Management Graduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249 São Paulo, 01525-000, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Santos S, Smania-Marques R, Albino VA, Fernandes ID, Mangueira FFA, Altafim RAP, Olinda R, Smith M, Traxler J. Prevention and control of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases: lessons learned from a school-based intervention in Brazil (Zikamob). BMC Public Health 2022; 22:255. [PMID: 35135522 PMCID: PMC8822808 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the 1980s, when dengue was reintroduced in Brazil, outbreaks and epidemics caused by different arbovirus strains transmitted by vector mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti have been an annual occurrence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioural change of high school students and teachers who participated in an educational intervention for the prevention and vector control of arboviral diseases. Methods In this school-based intervention, a self-reported questionnaire was used in a pre-post intervention methodology to assess environmental risk factors, sociodemographic variables and to measure attitudes and behaviours. In all, 883 high school students and teachers from the city of Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil, participated. The e-health intervention consisted of a competition between schools to comply with preventive actions via content production for social networks, and the monitoring was performed over a period of three months through the ZikaMob software developed by the researchers. Results Out of the 883 survey participants, 690 were students ranging in age from 14 to 41 years, with an average of 17 ± 2 years; and 193 were teachers from 22 to 64 years old, averaging 38 ± 9 years. The analysis of the data shows that significant differences in most of the target behaviours were apparent after the intervention, with an increase of about 10% in the performance of inspection actions; a 7% greater separation of recyclables and a 40% increase in the screening of windows among students. Students showed lower fear of, and a lower self-perception of the risk of, acquiring arboviruses than teachers on average. Conclusions ZikaMob is an innovative strategy with the potential to be replicated in any location that has an internet network and can involve an unlimited number of participants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12554-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Santos
- Public Health Programme, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - Campus I - Bodocongó, Rua das Baraúnas, s/n - Prédio da Integração Acadêmica - sala 329, Campina Grande, 58490-500, Brazil.
| | | | - Victor Alves Albino
- Public Health Programme, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - Campus I - Bodocongó, Rua das Baraúnas, s/n - Prédio da Integração Acadêmica - sala 329, Campina Grande, 58490-500, Brazil
| | - Izabelly Dutra Fernandes
- Public Health Programme, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - Campus I - Bodocongó, Rua das Baraúnas, s/n - Prédio da Integração Acadêmica - sala 329, Campina Grande, 58490-500, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil.,Secretary of Education, Science and Technology, State of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Francisco Fernandes Abel Mangueira
- Public Health Programme, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - Campus I - Bodocongó, Rua das Baraúnas, s/n - Prédio da Integração Acadêmica - sala 329, Campina Grande, 58490-500, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Olinda
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Matt Smith
- Education Observatory, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - John Traxler
- Education Observatory, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Novelo M, Audsley MD, McGraw EA. The effects of DENV serotype competition and co-infection on viral kinetics in Wolbachia-infected and uninfected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:314. [PMID: 34108021 PMCID: PMC8190863 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04816-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Aedes aegypti mosquito is responsible for the transmission of several medically important arthropod-borne viruses, including multiple serotypes of dengue virus (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4). Competition within the mosquito between DENV serotypes can affect viral infection dynamics, modulating the transmission potential of the pathogen. Vector control remains the main method for limiting dengue fever. The insect endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis is currently being trialed in field releases globally as a means of biological control because it reduces virus replication inside the mosquito. It is not clear how co-infection between DENV serotypes in the same mosquito might alter the pathogen-blocking phenotype elicited by Wolbachia in Ae. aegypti. METHODS Five- to 7-day-old female Ae. aegypti from two lines, namely, with (wMel) and without Wolbachia infection (WT), were fed virus-laden blood through an artificial membrane with either a mix of DENV-2 and DENV-3 or the same DENV serotypes singly. Mosquitoes were subsequently incubated inside environmental chambers and collected on the following days post-infection: 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, and 13. Midgut, carcass, and salivary glands were collected from each mosquito at each timepoint and individually analyzed to determine the percentage of DENV infection and viral RNA load via RT-qPCR. RESULTS We saw that for WT mosquitoes DENV-3 grew to higher viral RNA loads across multiple tissues when co-infected with DENV-2 than when it was in a mono-infection. Additionally, we saw a strong pathogen-blocking phenotype in wMel mosquitoes independent of co-infection status. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated that the wMel mosquito line is capable of blocking DENV serotype co-infection in a systemic way across the mosquito body. Moreover, we showed that for WT mosquitoes, serotype co-infection can affect infection frequency in a tissue- and time-specific manner and that both viruses have the potential of being transmitted simultaneously. Our findings suggest that the long-term efficacy of Wolbachia pathogen blocking is not compromised by arthropod-borne virus co-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Novelo
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Entomology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - M D Audsley
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - E A McGraw
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Entomology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cunha MDP, Duarte-Neto AN, Pour SZ, Hajjar LA, Frassetto FP, Dolhnikoff M, Saldiva PHDN, Zanotto PMDA. Systemic dengue infection associated with a new dengue virus type 2 introduction in Brazil - a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:311. [PMID: 33794785 PMCID: PMC8015031 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue infection is caused by an arbovirus with a wide range of presentations, varying from asymptomatic disease to unspecific febrile illness and haemorrhagic syndrome with shock, which can evolve to death. In Brazil, the virus circulates since the 1980s with many introductions of new serotypes, genotypes, and lineages since then. Here we report a fatal case of dengue associated with a Dengue virus (DENV) lineage not detected in the country until now. CASE PRESENTATION The patient, a 58-year-old man arrived at the hospital complaining of fever and severe abdominal pain due to intense gallbladder edema, mimicking acute abdomen. After 48 h of hospital admission, he evolved to refractory shock and death. DENV RNA was detected in all tissues collected (heart, lung, brain, kidney, spleen, pancreas, liver, and testis). Viral sequencing has shown that the virus belongs to serotype 2, American/Asian genotype, in a new clade, which has never been identified in Brazil before. The virus was phylogenetically related to isolates from central America [Puerto Rico (2005-2007), Martinique (2005), and Guadeloupe (2006)], most likely arriving in Brazil from Puerto Rico. CONCLUSION In summary, this was the first fatal documented case with systemic dengue infection associated with the new introduction of Dengue type 2 virus in Brazil during the 2019 outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielton Dos Passos Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Shahab Zaki Pour
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludhmila Abrahão Hajjar
- Intensive Care Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Avilés-Vergara PA, Trujillo-Correa A, Gómez-Suárez LA, Ricardo-Caldera D, Soto-De León SC, Brango H, Tovar Acero C. DENV and ZIKV detection in patients with acute febrile syndrome in Córdoba, Colombia. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 99:458-465. [PMID: 32777585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine simultaneous circulation of DENV serotypes and ZIKV in Córdoba, Colombia, during 2015 and 2016. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 294 samples from patients with clinical diagnosis of febrile syndrome compatible with dengue were collected between June 2015 and December 2016. All samples were tested for DENV and ZIKV by RT-PCR using C6/36 cells culture supernatant. RESULTS Thirty-three percent of the samples were positive (97/294); from these, 61.8% were positive for DENV and 31% were positive for Zika. The predominant serotype was DENV-2 (70.1%), followed by DENV-3 (8.9%), DENV-4 (6%), and DENV-1 (3%). DENV/ZIKV coinfection was identified in 7.2% of the cases associated with DENV-1 and DENV-3 serotypes. The confirmed cases of dengue, Zika, and DENV/ZIKV coinfections were clinically mild and self-limited. CONCLUSIONS We reported the co-circulation of all four DENV serotypes, with a higher frequency of DENV-2, and ZIKV introduction in Córdoba department-Colombia in August 2015. This scenario favored the appearance of DENV/ZIKV coinfections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Avilés-Vergara
- Grupo de investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia.
| | | | - Luz A Gómez-Suárez
- Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Dina Ricardo-Caldera
- Grupo de investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Sara C Soto-De León
- Grupo de investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Hugo Brango
- Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Básica, Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Catalina Tovar Acero
- Grupo de investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dengue virus co-infections with multiple serotypes do not result in a different clinical outcome compared to mono-infections. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 148:e119. [PMID: 32594967 PMCID: PMC7325333 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268820000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulation of multiple dengue virus (DENV) serotypes in a locale has resulted in individuals becoming infected with mixed serotypes. This research was undertaken to study the clinical presentation, presence of DENV serotypes and serological characteristics of DENV infected patients with co-infections from three Provinces of Sri Lanka where DENV-1 and -2 predominated during the study. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed on 1249 patient samples and 301 were positive for DENV (24.1%). DENV-1 was the predominant serotype detected in 137 (45.51%) followed by DENV-2 in 65 (21.59%), DENV-3 in 59 (19.6%) and DENV-4 in 4 (1.32%) patients with mono-infections. Thirty-three patients (10.96%) had DENV co-infections with two or more serotypes. The highest number of co-infections was noted between DENV-1 and DENV-2 (57.57%) suggesting co-infection is driven by the frequency of the circulating serotypes. Platelet counts were significantly higher in DENV co-infected patients although clinical disease severity or white blood cell count, packed cell volume or viraemia were not significantly different in the co-infected compared to the mono-infected patients. Thus co-infection with multiple DENV serotypes does occur but with the exception of improved platelet counts in co-infected patients, there is no evidence that clinical or laboratory measures of disease are altered.
Collapse
|
10
|
de Jesus JG, Dutra KR, Sales FCDS, Claro IM, Terzian AC, Candido DDS, Hill SC, Thézé J, Torres C, D'Agostini TL, Felix AC, Reis AFN, Alcantara LCJ, de Abreu AL, Croda JH, de Oliveira WK, de Filipis AMB, Camis MDCRDS, Romano CM. Genomic detection of a virus lineage replacement event of dengue virus serotype 2 in Brazil, 2019. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020; 115:e190423. [PMID: 32428189 PMCID: PMC7227788 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite efforts to mitigate the impact of dengue virus (DENV) epidemics, the virus remains a public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Most DENV cases in the Americas between January and July 2019 were reported in Brazil. São Paulo State in the southeast of Brazil has reported nearly half of all DENV infections in the country. OBJECTIVES To understand the origin and dynamics of the 2019 DENV outbreak. METHODS Here using portable nanopore sequencing we generated20 new DENV genome sequences from viremic patients with suspected dengue infection residing in two of the most-affected municipalities of São Paulo State, Araraquara and São José do Rio Preto. We conducted a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis with 1,630 global DENV strains to better understand the evolutionary history of the DENV lineages that currently circulate in the region. FINDINGS The new outbreak strains were classified as DENV2 genotype III (American/Asian genotype). Our analysis shows that the 2019 outbreak is the result of a novel DENV lineage that was recently introduced to Brazil from the Caribbean region. Dating phylogeographic analysis suggests that DENV2-III BR-4 was introduced to Brazil in or around early 2014, possibly from the Caribbean region. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our study describes the early detection of a newly introduced and rapidly-expanding DENV2 virus lineage in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Rocha Dutra
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Virologia, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ingra Morales Claro
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Terzian
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Virologia, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah C Hill
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Thézé
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Celeste Torres
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Lang D'Agostini
- Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças, Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica Professor Alexandre Vranjac, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Alvina Clara Felix
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - André L de Abreu
- Coordenação Geral de Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Júlio Hr Croda
- Coordenação Geral de Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Wanderson K de Oliveira
- Coordenação Geral de Laboratórios de Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Bispo de Filipis
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Malta Romano
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cavalcante ACP, de Olinda RA, Gomes A, Traxler J, Smith M, Santos S. Spatial modelling of the infestation indices of Aedes aegypti: an innovative strategy for vector control actions in developing countries. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:197. [PMID: 32299496 PMCID: PMC7164210 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larval indices such as the house index (HI), Breteau index (BI) and container index (CI) are widely used to interpret arbovirus vector density in surveillance programmes. However, the use of such data as an alarm signal is rarely considered consciously when planning programmes. The present study aims to investigate the spatial distribution pattern of the infestation of Aedes aegypti, considering the data available in the Ae. aegypti Infestation Index Rapid Survey (LIRAa) for the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba State in Brazil. METHODS The global and local Moran's indices were used in spatial analysis to measure the effects of spatial dependencies between neighbourhoods, using secondary data related to HI and BI gathered from surveillance service. RESULTS Our analysis shows that there is a predominance of high rates of mosquito infestation, placing Campina Grande at a near-constant risk of arbovirus outbreaks and epidemics. A highly significant Moran's index value (P < 0.001) was observed, indicating a positive spatial dependency between the neighbourhoods in Campina Grande. Using the Moran mapping and LISA mapping, the autocorrelation patterns of Ae. aegypti infestation rates among neighbourhoods have revealed hotpots that should be considered a priority to preventive actions of the entomological surveillance services. Predominance of high infestation rates and clearer relationships of these between neighbourhoods were observed between the months of May and July, the period with the highest rainfall in the city. CONCLUSIONS This analysis is an innovative strategy capable of providing detailed information on infestation locations to the relevant public health authorities, which will enable a more efficient allocation of resources, particularly for arbovirus prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Alves de Olinda
- Public Health Program, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, CEP 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Alexandrino Gomes
- Public Health Program, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, CEP 58429-500, Brazil
| | - John Traxler
- University of Wolverhampton, Institute of Education, Walsall Campus, Gorway Road, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
| | - Matt Smith
- University of Wolverhampton, Institute of Education, Walsall Campus, Gorway Road, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
| | - Silvana Santos
- Public Health Program, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, CEP 58429-500, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bertolotti A, Thioune M, Abel S, Belrose G, Calmont I, Césaire R, Cervantes M, Fagour L, Javelle É, Lebris C, Najioullah F, Pierre-François S, Rozé B, Vigan M, Laouénan C, Cabié A. Prevalence of chronic chikungunya and associated risks factors in the French West Indies (La Martinique): A prospective cohort study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0007327. [PMID: 32163420 PMCID: PMC7100975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging alphavirus that can cause chronic and potentially incapacitating rheumatic musculoskeletal disorders known as chronic chikungunya arthritis (CCA). We conducted a prospective cohort study of CHIKV-infected subjects during the 2013 chikungunya outbreak in Martinique. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of CCA at 12 months and to search for acute phase factors significantly associated with chronicity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A total of 193 patients who tested positive for CHIKV RNA via qRT-PCR underwent clinical investigations in the acute phase (<21 days), and then 3, 6, and 12 months after inclusion. The Asian lineage was identified as the circulating genotype. A total of 167 participants were classified as either with or without CCA, and were analyzed using logistic regression models. The overall prevalence of CCA at 12 months was 52.1% (95%CI: 44.5-59.7). In univariate analysis, age (RD 9.62, 95% CI, 4.87;14.38, p<0.0001), female sex (RD 15.5, 95% CI, 1.03;30.0, p = 0.04), headache (RD 15.42, 95% CI, 0.65;30.18 p = 0.04), vertigo (RD 15.33, 95% CI, 1.47;29.19, p = 0.03), vomiting (RD 12.89, 95% CI, 1.54;24.24, p = 0.03), dyspnea (RD 13.53, 95% CI, 0.73;26.33, p = 0.04), intravenous rehydration (RD -16.12, 95% CI, -31.58; -0.66 p = 0.04) and urea (RD 0.66, 95% CI, 0.12;1.20, p = 0.02) were significantly associated with the development of CCA. For the subpopulation with data on joint involvement in the acute phase, the risk factors significantly associated with CCA were at least one 1 enthesitis (RD 16.7, 95%CI, 2.8; 30.7, p = 0.02) and at least one tenosynovitis (RD 16.8, 95% CI, 1.4-32.2, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This cohort study conducted in Martinique confirms that CCA is a common complication of acute chikungunya disease. Our analysis emphasized the importance of age and female sex for CCA occurrence, and highlighted the aggravating role of dehydration during the acute phase. Early and adequate hydration were found to reduce the risk chronic chikungunya disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01099852).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bertolotti
- INSERM, CIC1410, CHU de la Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
- CHU de la Réunion, service de maladies infectieuses-médecine interne-dermatologie, Saint Pierre, France
| | - Marême Thioune
- CHU de Martinique, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Sylvie Abel
- CHU de Martinique, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Fort-de-France, France
- Université des Antilles, EA 4537, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Gilda Belrose
- CHU de Martinique, Centre de ressource biologique de la Martinique, Fort-de-France, France
| | | | - Raymond Césaire
- Université des Antilles, EA 4537, Fort-de-France, France
- CHU de Martinique, laboratoire de virologie, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Minerva Cervantes
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137; Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- INSERM, CIC-EC 1425, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Fagour
- CHU de Martinique, laboratoire de virologie, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Émilie Javelle
- Hôpital d’instruction des Armées Laveran, service de pathologie infectieuse et tropicale, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbes Vecteurs Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME); Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Lebris
- CHU de Martinique, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Fatiha Najioullah
- Université des Antilles, EA 4537, Fort-de-France, France
- CHU de Martinique, laboratoire de virologie, Fort-de-France, France
| | | | - Benoît Rozé
- CHU de Martinique, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Marie Vigan
- INSERM, CIC-EC 1425, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Département d’Épidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Laouénan
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137; Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
- INSERM, CIC-EC 1425, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- Département d’Épidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - André Cabié
- CHU de Martinique, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Fort-de-France, France
- Université des Antilles, EA 4537, Fort-de-France, France
- INSERM, CIC1424, CHU de Martinique, Fort-de-France, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Poveda-Cuevas SA, Etchebest C, Barroso da Silva FL. Identification of Electrostatic Epitopes in Flavivirus by Computer Simulations: The PROCEEDpKa Method. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 60:944-963. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. Poveda-Cuevas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Programa Interunidades em Bioinformática, Rua do Matão, 1010, BR, 05508-090 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biomoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Av. Café, s/no−Campus da USP, BR, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- University of São Paulo-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité International Laboratory in Structural Bioinformatics, Av. do Café, s/no−FCFRP, Bloco B, BR, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Catherine Etchebest
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, F-75015 Paris, France
- Equipe 2, Dynamique des Structures et des Interactions Moléculaires, Université Paris Diderot−Paris 7, INTS, 6 Rue Alexandre Cabanel, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
- University of São Paulo-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité International Laboratory in Structural Bioinformatics, Av. do Café, s/no−FCFRP, Bloco B, BR, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando L. Barroso da Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Programa Interunidades em Bioinformática, Rua do Matão, 1010, BR, 05508-090 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biomoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Av. Café, s/no−Campus da USP, BR, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- University of São Paulo-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité International Laboratory in Structural Bioinformatics, Av. do Café, s/no−FCFRP, Bloco B, BR, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang B, Liang Y, Yang S, Du Y, Xiong LN, Zhao T, Yang F, Qin W, Xia X. Co-Circulation of 4 Dengue Virus Serotypes among Travelers Entering China from Myanmar, 2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 24:1756-1758. [PMID: 30124423 PMCID: PMC6106417 DOI: 10.3201/eid2409.180252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report 301 dengue virus infections among cross-border travelers entering Yunnan Province, China, from Myanmar during 2017. Phylogenetic analysis of 99 strains found all 4 serotypes co-circulating; genetic characteristics have also changed. This finding highlights the urgent need for monitoring dengue virus cross-border transmission as early warning of severe dengue fever.
Collapse
|
15
|
Estimation of DENV-2 Transmission as a Function of Site-Specific Entomological Parameters from Three Cities in Colombia. Ann Glob Health 2019; 85. [PMID: 30873777 PMCID: PMC6561660 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Measuring dengue virus transmission in endemic areas is a difficult task as many variables drive transmission, and often are not independent of one another. Objectives: We aimed to determine the utility of vectorial capacity to explain the observed dengue infection rates in three hyperendemic cities in Colombia, and tested hypotheses related to three variables: mosquito density, effective vector competence, and biting rate. Methods: We estimated two of the most influential entomological variables related to cumulative vectorial capacity, which is a modification of the traditional vectorial capacity equation, of three Colombian mosquito populations. Laboratory studies were undertaken to measure vector competence and man biting rate of local mosquito populations. In addition, the assessment of cumulative vectorial capacity also incorporated site-specific estimations of mosquito density and the probability of daily survival from previous studies conducted in those cities. Findings: We found that the biting rates and mosquito infection rates differed among populations of mosquitoes from these three cities, resulting in differences in the site-specific measures of transmission potential. Specifically, we found that using site-specific entomological measures to populate the cumulative vectorial capacity equation was best at recapitulating observed mosquito infection rates when mosquito density was discounted compared to when we incorporated site-specific density measures. Conclusions: Specific mosquito-biting rate is likely sufficient to explain transmission differences in these three cities, confirming that this parameter is a critical parameter when predicting and assessing dengue transmission in three Colombian cities with different field observed transmission patterns.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ortiz-Baez AS, Cunha MDP, Vedovello D, Colombo TE, Nogueira ML, Villabona-Arenas CJ, Zanotto PMDA. Origin, tempo, and mode of the spread of DENV-4 Genotype IIB across the state of São Paulo, Brazil during the 2012-2013 outbreak. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019; 114:e180251. [PMID: 30624458 PMCID: PMC6333047 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus type 4 (DENV-4) was first reported in Brazil in 1982 and since then no more cases were detected again in Brazil until 2010, when the virus was reintroduced. Over the following years, the virus spread to several Brazilian states and resulted in about 1,400,000 dengue cases, in 2013. The largest number of cases were documented in the Southeast macro-region. OBJECTIVES To determine the phylogeography of DENV-4 Genotype IIB strains isolated during the epidemics in 2012-2013 in São Paulo, Brazil, we aimed to contextualise the contribution of viruses sampled in different localities across the overall movement of DENV-4 in Brazil. METHODS Based on the envelope gene sequences retrieved from GenBank, we employed a Bayesian phylogeographic approach to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of DENV-4 Genotype IIB in São Paulo, Brazil. FINDINGS The dispersal dynamics of DENV-4 Genotype IIB in Brazil indicated Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso states as the most likely routes toward São Paulo before the 2012-2013 outbreak. Likewise, Guarujá and São José do Rio Preto facilitated viral spread and transmission to other localities in the South and Southeast macro-regions in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS The spread pattern of DENV-4 Genotype IIB strains across the country supports two independent introductions of the virus in São Paulo in a short period of time. Furthermore, São Paulo appears to have played a pivotal role in the dissemination of DENV-4 to other locations in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayda Susana Ortiz-Baez
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,
Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marielton dos Passos Cunha
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,
Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Danila Vedovello
- Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí, Departamento de Pediatria,
Laboratório de Infectologia Pediátrica, Jundiaí, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Christian Julián Villabona-Arenas
- Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Institut de Biologie Computationnelle,
Laboratoire d’Informatique, de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier,
Montpellier, France
| | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas,
Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Evolução Molecular e Bioinformática,
São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ramalho ILC, Araújo FMDC, Cavalcanti LPDG, Braga DNM, Perdigão ACB, Santos FBD, Nogueira FDB, Escóssia KNFD, Guedes MIF. Dengue 4 in Ceará, Brazil: characterisation of epidemiological and laboratorial aspects and causes of death during the first epidemic in the state. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018; 113:e180320. [PMID: 30365646 PMCID: PMC6193373 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first dengue cases in Brazil with laboratory confirmation occurred in the northern region of the country, with the isolation of two serotypes, dengue virus 1 (DENV-1) and DENV-4. In Ceará, the introduction of DENV-4 was reported during a DENV-1 epidemic in 2011, with only two isolations. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise the first DENV-4 epidemic in the state of Ceará, Brazil. METHODS The study population was composed of patients with suspected dengue that were reported to health care units from January to December 2012. The laboratory confirmation of infection was made by viral isolation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), AgNS1, immunohistochemistry and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MAIN CONCLUSIONS In the study year, 72,211 suspected dengue cases were reported and 51,865 of these cases (71.8%) were confirmed to be positive. Co-circulation of three serotypes, DENV-1, DENV-3 and DENV-4, was detected with a predominance of DENV-4 (95.3%). Most cases were not severe, but there were 44 fatal outcomes. DENV-4 Genotype II was identified for the first time in Ceará.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabel Letícia Cavalcante Ramalho
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Setor de Virologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.,Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zanotto PMDA, Leite LCDC. The Challenges Imposed by Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya to Brazil. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1964. [PMID: 30210503 PMCID: PMC6121005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil has a well-established immunization program in which vaccines are provided through the Public Health System free of charge to the whole population, obtaining high coverage and reducing the incidence of important infectious diseases in children and adults. However, the environmental changes and high mobility rates of the population occurring in the last decades have triggered the sequential introduction of a series of vector-borne emerging infectious diseases, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, that have imposed a considerable burden on the population, with yet unmet solutions. The first to be introduced in Brazil was the Dengue virus, reaching epidemic levels in 2010, with over 1 million cases annually, maintaining high infection rates until 2016. Brazil has invested in vaccine development. The Zika virus infection, initially assumed to have appeared during the World Cup in 2014, was later shown to have arrived earlier in 2013. Its emergence mobilized the Brazilian scientific community to define priorities and strategies, that rapidly investigated mechanisms of pathogenesis, differential diagnostics, and determined that Zika virus infection per se causes relatively mild symptoms, however, in pregnant women can cause microcephaly in the newborns. The diagnostics of Zika infection is confusing given its similar symptoms and cross-reactivity with Dengue, which also hindered the appraisal of the extent of the epidemics, which peaked in 2015 and finished in 2016. Another complicating factor was the overlap with Chikungunya virus infection, which arrived in Brazil in 2014, being prevalent in the same regions, with similar symptoms to both Dengue and Zika. Although Dengue infection can be fatal and Zika infection in pregnant woman can lead to newborns with microcephaly or an array of neurodegenerative manifestations, the Chikungunya infection is a debilitating disease leaving chronic sequelae, which unfortunately has received less attention. Precise differential diagnostics of Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya will be necessary to evaluate the actual extent of each of these diseases during this overlapping period. Here we review the impact of these emerging infections on public health and how the scientific community was mobilized to deal with them in Brazil.
Collapse
|
19
|
Nunes PCG, Nogueira RMR, Heringer M, Chouin-Carneiro T, Damasceno Dos Santos Rodrigues C, de Filippis AMB, Lima MDRQ, Dos Santos FB. NS1 Antigenemia and Viraemia Load: Potential Markers of Progression to Dengue Fatal Outcome? Viruses 2018; 10:E326. [PMID: 29903980 PMCID: PMC6024368 DOI: 10.3390/v10060326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a worldwide problem characterized by a multifactorial pathogenesis. Considering the viral components, it is known that high viremia or high levels of the secreted nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) may be associated with a more severe disease. We aimed to characterize the NS1 antigenemia and viremia in dengue fatal and non-fatal cases, as potential markers of progression to a fatal outcome. NS1 antigenemia and viremia were determined in Brazilian dengue fatal cases (n = 40) and non-fatal cases (n = 40), representative of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Overall, the fatal cases presented higher NS1 levels and viremia. Moreover, the fatal cases from secondary infections showed significantly higher NS1 levels than the non-fatal ones. Here, irrespective of the disease outcome, DENV-1 cases presented higher NS1 levels than the other serotypes. However, DENV-2 and DENV-4 fatal cases had higher NS1 antigenemia than the non-fatal cases with the same serotype. The viremia in the fatal cases was higher than in the non-fatal ones, with DENV-3 and DENV-4 presenting higher viral loads. Viral components, such as NS1 and viral RNA, may be factors influencing the disease outcome. However, the host immune status, comorbidities, and access to adequate medical support cannot be ruled out as interfering in the disease outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes
- Viral Immunology Laboratory (LIV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
- Flavivirus Laboratory (LABFLA), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira
- Flavivirus Laboratory (LABFLA), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Manoela Heringer
- Viral Immunology Laboratory (LIV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Chouin-Carneiro
- Viral Immunology Laboratory (LIV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
- Hematozoa Transmittors Mosquitoes Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis
- Flavivirus Laboratory (LABFLA), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Monique da Rocha Queiroz Lima
- Viral Immunology Laboratory (LIV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Barreto Dos Santos
- Viral Immunology Laboratory (LIV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Risk factors for arbovirus infections in a low-income community of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2015-2016. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198357. [PMID: 29879155 PMCID: PMC5991716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue epidemics have occurred in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) since 1986. In the year 2015, Zika and chikungunya viruses were introduced in the city, causing sequential and simultaneous epidemics. Poor socioeconomic conditions have been suggested as contributing factors of arboviral infection. Objective To describe the spatial distribution of human cases of symptomatic arboviral infections and to identify risk factors for infection in a poor community of Rio de Janeiro in the years 2015 and 2016. Methods We built thematic maps of incidence rates for 78 micro-areas in the Manguinhos neighborhood. The micro-areas congregate about 600 inhabitants. Simple and multiple multilevel logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the incidence of arboviral diseases and socio-demographic factors at both the individual and micro-area levels. Results From 2015 to 2016, 370 human cases of arbovirus infection were reported in the Manguinhos community: 123 in 2015 and 247 in 2016. There was a significant difference in the risk of arbovirus diseases among different micro-areas, but this was not explained by water and sanitation indicators. The cumulative incidence rate was 849/100,000 in two years. The incidence was greater in those individuals with familiar vulnerability (1,156/100,000 vs. 794/100,000). The multilevel adjusted model showed that the odds of acquiring an arbovirus infection was 55% greater in those with familiar vulnerability. Conclusion Arbovirus infections cause a high burden of disease in Brazilian urban centers. Our results suggest that even in poor neighborhoods, there is a high spatial variability in the risk of acquiring an arbovirus infection. The conditions that favor vector proliferation and infection by arboviruses are complex and involve both individual and environmental characteristics that vary from place to place. To reduce the burden of arboviral diseases, continued public health policies and basic services should be provided to the communities at risk that consider specific local needs.
Collapse
|
21
|
Faria NR, da Costa AC, Lourenço J, Loureiro P, Lopes ME, Ribeiro R, Alencar CS, Kraemer MUG, Villabona-Arenas CJ, Wu CH, Thézé J, Khan K, Brent SE, Romano C, Delwart E, Custer B, Busch MP, Pybus OG, Sabino EC. Genomic and epidemiological characterisation of a dengue virus outbreak among blood donors in Brazil. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15216. [PMID: 29123142 PMCID: PMC5680240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks caused by Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya viruses can spread rapidly in immunologically naïve populations. By analysing 92 newly generated viral genome sequences from blood donors and recipients, we assess the dynamics of dengue virus serotype 4 during the 2012 outbreak in Rio de Janeiro. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the outbreak was caused by genotype II, although two isolates of genotype I were also detected for the first time in Rio de Janeiro. Evolutionary analysis and modelling estimates are congruent, indicating a reproduction number above 1 between January and June, and at least two thirds of infections being unnoticed. Modelling analysis suggests that viral transmission started in early January, which is consistent with multiple introductions, most likely from the northern states of Brazil, and with an increase in within-country air travel to Rio de Janeiro. The combination of genetic and epidemiological data from blood donor banks may be useful to anticipate epidemic spread of arboviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno R Faria
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Antonio Charlys da Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,LIM46, Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Lourenço
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Loureiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Fundação Hemope, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Ribeiro
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,LIM46, Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Thézé
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kamran Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon E Brent
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camila Romano
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael P Busch
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ester C Sabino
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,LIM46, Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Colombo TE, Estofolete CF, Reis AFN, da Silva NS, Aguiar ML, Cabrera EMS, Dos Santos INP, Costa FR, Cruz LEAA, Rombola PL, Terzian ACB, Nogueira ML. Clinical, laboratory and virological data from suspected ZIKV patients in an endemic arbovirus area. J Clin Virol 2017; 96:20-25. [PMID: 28918127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) presents new challenges to both clinicians and public health authorities. Overlapping clinical features between the diseases caused by ZIKV, dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) and the lack of validated serological assays for ZIKV make accurate diagnosis difficult. Brazilian authorities largely rely on clinical and epidemiological data for the epidemiological and clinical classifications of most ZIKV cases. OBJECTIVE To report the laboratory and clinical profiles of patients diagnosed with Zika fever based only on clinical and epidemiological data. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed 433 suspected cases of ZIKV identified by the attending physician based on proposed clinical criteria. The samples were also screened for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV using PCR. RESULTS Of the 433 patients analyzed, 168 (38.8%) were laboratory-confirmed for arboviruses: 96 were positive for ZIKV, 67 were positive for DENV (56 for DENV-2, 9 for DENV-1, and 2 for DENV-4), four were positive for co-infection with ZIKV/DENV-2, and one was positive for CHIKV. The most common signs or symptoms in the patients with laboratory-confirmed ZIKV were rash (100%), arthralgia (77.1%), fever (74.0%), myalgia (74.0%) and non-purulent conjunctivitis (69.8%). In patients with laboratory-confirmed DENV infections, the most frequently observed symptoms were rash (100%), fever (79.1%), myalgia (74.6%), headache (73.1%) and arthralgia (70.1%). The measure of association between clinical manifestations and laboratory manifestations among patients with ZIKV and DENV detected a statistically significant difference only in abdominal pain (p=0.04), leukopenia (p=0.003), and thrombocytopenia (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Our data suggests that clinical and epidemiological criteria alone are not a good tool for ZIKV and DENV differentiation, and that laboratory diagnosis should be mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Elias Colombo
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil; Universidade Paulista (UNIP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natal Santos da Silva
- Laboratório de Modelagens Matemática e Estatística em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, União das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabiana Rodrigues Costa
- Prefeitura de São José do Rio Preto, Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Lopes Rombola
- Prefeitura de São José do Rio Preto, Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
First Genome Sequences of Dengue Virus (DENV) Strains Isolated during the First DENV-4 Outbreak in São Paulo, Brazil. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/28/e00340-17. [PMID: 28705958 PMCID: PMC5511897 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00340-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is an arbovirus belonging to the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. In Brazil, the reemergence and spread of DENV type 4 (DENV-4) across the country were responsible for a significant outbreak in Guarujá, São Paulo, Brazil. Here, we report the first genomic sequences of DENV strains circulating in Guarujá during the 2013 outbreak.
Collapse
|
24
|
Dutra KR, Drumond BP, de Rezende IM, Nogueira ML, de Oliveira Lopes D, Calzavara Silva CE, Siqueira Ferreira JM, Dos Santos LL. Molecular surveillance of dengue in Minas Gerais provides insights on dengue virus 1 and 4 circulation in Brazil. J Med Virol 2016; 89:966-973. [PMID: 27926790 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dengue, caused by any of the four types of Dengue virus (DENV) is the most important arbovirus in the world. In this study we performed a molecular surveillance of dengue during the greatest dengue outbreak that took place in Divinópolis, Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil, in 2013. Samples from 100 patients with clinical symptoms of dengue were studied and 26 were positive. The capsid/premembrane (CprM) and envelope gene sequences of some samples were amplified and sequenced. Molecular analyses demonstrated that two DENV-1 lineages, belonging to genotype V were introduced and co-circulated in Divinópolis. When compared to each other, those lineages presented high genetic diversity and showed unique amino acids substitutions in the envelope protein, including in domains I, II, and III. DENV-4 strains from Divinópolis clustered within genotype IIb and the most recent common ancestor was probably introduced into the city three years before the 2013 epidemic. Here we demonstrated for the first time the circulation of DENV-4 and the co-circulation of two DENV-1 lineages in Midwest region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Moreover our analysis indicated the introduction of five DENV-1 lineages, genotype V into Brazil, in different times. J. Med. Virol. 89:966-973, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Rocha Dutra
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Betânia Paiva Drumond
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabela Maurício de Rezende
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Débora de Oliveira Lopes
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciana Lara Dos Santos
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Colombo TE, Vedovello D, Pacca-Mazaro CC, Mondini A, Araújo JP, Cabrera E, Lopes JC, Penha dos Santos IN, Negri Reis AF, Costa FR, Antônio Cruz LEA, Ferreira J, de Oliveira Rocha ES, Kroon EG, de Morais Bronzoni RV, Vasilakis N, Nogueira ML. Dengue virus surveillance: Detection of DENV-4 in the city of São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. Acta Trop 2016; 164:84-89. [PMID: 27609639 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dengue viruses are the most common arbovirus infection worldwide and are caused by four distinct serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV). In the present study, we assessed DENV transmission in São José do Rio Preto (SJRP) from 2010 to 2014. We analyzed blood samples from febrile patients who were attended at health care centers in SJRP. DENV detection was performed using multiplex RT-PCR, using flavivirus generic primers, based on the genes of the non-structural protein (NS5), followed by nested-PCR assay with species-specific primers. We analyzed 1549 samples, of which 1389 were positive for NS1 by rapid test. One thousand and eight-seven samples (78%) were confirmed as positive by multiplex RT-PCR: DENV-4, 48.5% (528/1087); DENV-1, 41.5% (449/1087); DENV-2, 9.5% (104/1087); and co-infection (5 DENV-1/DENV-4, 1 DENV-1/DENV-2), 0.5% (6/1087). Phylogenetic analysis of the DENV-4 grouped the isolates identified in this study with the American genotype and the showed a relationship between isolates from SJRP and isolates from the northern region of South America. Taken together, our data shows the detection and emergence of new dengue genotype in a new region and reiterate the importance of surveillance programs to detect and trace the evolution of DENV.
Collapse
|
26
|
Mota MTDO, Terzian AC, Silva MLCR, Estofolete C, Nogueira ML. Mosquito-transmitted viruses - the great Brazilian challenge. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47 Suppl 1:38-50. [PMID: 27818091 PMCID: PMC5156505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses pose a serious threat to public health worldwide, overloading the healthcare system and causing economic losses. These viruses form a very diverse group, and in Brazil, arboviruses belonging to the families Flaviviridae and Togaviridae are predominant. Unfortunately, the number of arboviruses increases in proportion with factors such as deforestation, poor sanitation, climate changes, and introduction of new viruses like Chikungunya virus and Zika virus. In Brazil, dengue is endemic, along with the presence of other arboviruses. The situation is complicated by the scarcity of diagnostic infrastructure and the absence of approved vaccines for these diseases. Disease control, thus, relies solely on vector control. Therefore, enhanced clinical knowledge and improved general awareness about these arboviruses are indispensable to tackle diagnostic inadequacies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Carolina Terzian
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cássia Estofolete
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Adilah-Amrannudin N, Hamsidi M, Ismail NA, Ismail R, Dom NC, Ahmad AH, Mastuki MF, Basri TSATA, Khalid A, Muslim M, Daud NAA, Camalxaman SN. Genetic Polymorphism of Aedes albopictus Population Inferred From ND5 Gene Variabilities In Subang Jaya, Malaysia. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2016; 32:265-272. [PMID: 28206858 DOI: 10.2987/16-6579.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to establish the genetic variability of Aedes albopictus within Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, by using the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase 5 subunit (ND5) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) marker. A total of 90 samples were collected from 9 localities within an area of the Subang Jaya Municipality. Genetic variability was determined through the amplification and sequencing of a fragment of the ND5 gene. Eight distinct mtDNA haplotypes were identified. The evolutionary relationship of the local haplotypes alongside 28 reference strains was used to construct a phylogram, the analysis of which revealed low genetic differentiation in terms of both nucleotide and haplotype diversity. Bayesian method was used to infer the phylogenetic tree, revealing a unique relationship between local isolates. The study corroborates the reliability of ND5 to identify distinct lineages for polymorphism-based studies and supplements the existing body of knowledge regarding its genetic diversity. This in turn could potentially aid existing vector control strategies to help mitigate the risk and spread of the dengue virus.
Collapse
|
28
|
Heinen LBDS, Zuchi N, Cardoso BF, Santos MAMD, Nogueira ML, Dezengrini-Slhessarenko R. DENGUE OUTBREAK IN MATO GROSSO STATE, MIDWESTERN BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:489-96. [PMID: 27049702 PMCID: PMC4727134 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is the most frequent arbovirus worldwide. In this study, we report a large outbreak in Mato Grosso State (MT). Serum samples from 604 patients with acute febrile illness for less than five days were inoculated in C6/36 cells, then infected cells were subjected to an indirect immunofluorescence test for DENV serotypes and yellow fever virus. Serum samples were submitted to a multiplex-semi-nested-RT-PCR for 11 flaviviruses. DENV-4 was isolated in 150/604 (24.8%) and DENV-1 in 19/604 (3.1%) specimens. By RT-PCR, 331 (54.8%) samples tested positive for DENV; 321 had single infections (DENV-4 n = 305; DENV-1 n = 15; DENV-3 n = 1), nine had co-infections of DENV-1/DENV-4, and one of DENV-2/DENV-4. DENV-4 was detected in 315/331 (95.2%) positive patients from 17 municipalities, and DENV-1 in 24/331 (7.2%) patients from five cities in north-central MT and the city of Cuiaba. The incidence of infection was higher in patients aged 20-39 (142/331; 42.9%). The NS5 partial nucleotide sequence of DENV-1 was most similar to that of genotype V, DENV-2 to Southeast Asian/American, DENV-3 to genotype III, and DENV-4 to genotype II strains, considered the most frequent strains in Brazil. This outbreak coincided with the introduction of DENV-4 in the state. Cuiaba was hyperendemic for the four DENV serotypes, highlighting the necessity for arbovirus surveillance in MT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayara Zuchi
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) in the genus Flavivirus and the family Flaviviridae. ZIKV was first isolated from a nonhuman primate in 1947 and from mosquitoes in 1948 in Africa, and ZIKV infections in humans were sporadic for half a century before emerging in the Pacific and the Americas. ZIKV is usually transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. The clinical presentation of Zika fever is nonspecific and can be misdiagnosed as other infectious diseases, especially those due to arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya. ZIKV infection was associated with only mild illness prior to the large French Polynesian outbreak in 2013 and 2014, when severe neurological complications were reported, and the emergence in Brazil of a dramatic increase in severe congenital malformations (microcephaly) suspected to be associated with ZIKV. Laboratory diagnosis of Zika fever relies on virus isolation or detection of ZIKV-specific RNA. Serological diagnosis is complicated by cross-reactivity among members of the Flavivirus genus. The adaptation of ZIKV to an urban cycle involving humans and domestic mosquito vectors in tropical areas where dengue is endemic suggests that the incidence of ZIKV infections may be underestimated. There is a high potential for ZIKV emergence in urban centers in the tropics that are infested with competent mosquito vectors such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didier Musso
- Unit of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Duane J Gubler
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore Partnership for Dengue Control, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kuczera D, Bavia L, Mosimann ALP, Koishi AC, Mazzarotto GACA, Aoki MN, Mansano AMF, Tomeleri EI, Costa Junior WL, Miranda MM, Lo Sarzi M, Pavanelli WR, Conchon-Costa I, Duarte Dos Santos CN, Bordignon J. Isolation of dengue virus serotype 4 genotype II from a patient with high viral load and a mixed Th1/Th17 inflammatory cytokine profile in South Brazil. Virol J 2016; 13:93. [PMID: 27267473 PMCID: PMC4895951 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We report the isolation and characterization of dengue virus (DENV) serotype 4 from a resident of Santa Fé, state of Paraná, South Brazil, in March 2013. This patient presented with hemorrhagic manifestations, high viral load and, interestingly, a mixed Th1/Th17 cytokine profile. Case presentation The patient presented with classical dengue symptoms, such as fever, rash, myalgia, arthralgia, and hemorrhagic manifestations including petechiae, gum bleeding and a positive tourniquet test result. A serum sample obtained 1 day after the initial appearance of clinical symptoms was positive for NS1 viral antigen, but this sample was negative for both IgM and IgG against DENV. Dengue virus infection was confirmed by isolation of the virus from C6/36 cells, and dengue virus serotyping was performed via one-step RT-PCR. The infection was confirmed to be caused by a serotype 4 dengue virus. Additionally, based on multiple alignment and phylogeny analyses of its complete genome sequence, the viral strain was classified as genotype II (termed LRV13/422). Moreover, a mixed Th1/Th17 cytokine profile was detected in the patient’s serum, and this result demonstrated significant inflammation. Biological characterization of the virus via in vitro assays comparing LRV13/422 with a laboratory-adapted reference strain of dengue virus serotype 4 (TVP/360) showed that LRV13/422 infects both vertebrate and invertebrate cell lines more efficiently than TVP/360. However, LRV13/422 was unable to inhibit type I interferon responses, as suggested by the results obtained for other dengue virus strains. Furthermore, LRV13/422 is the first completely sequenced serotype 4 dengue virus isolated in South Brazil. Conclusion The high viral load and mixed Th1/Th17 cytokine profile observed in the patient’s serum could have implications for the development of the hemorrhagic signs observed, and these potential relationships can now be further studied using suitable animal models and/or in vitro systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-016-0548-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Kuczera
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena Bavia
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Cristine Koishi
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Milena Menegazzo Miranda
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia Experimental, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Lo Sarzi
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Cambé, Cambé, PR, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia Experimental, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ivete Conchon-Costa
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia Experimental, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Bordignon
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Brasil P, Calvet GA, Siqueira AM, Wakimoto M, de Sequeira PC, Nobre A, Quintana MDSB, de Mendonça MCL, Lupi O, de Souza RV, Romero C, Zogbi H, Bressan CDS, Alves SS, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Nogueira RMR, Carvalho MS, de Filippis AMB, Jaenisch T. Zika Virus Outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Clinical Characterization, Epidemiological and Virological Aspects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004636. [PMID: 27070912 PMCID: PMC4829157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2015, Brazil was faced with the cocirculation of three arboviruses of major public health importance. The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) presents new challenges to both clinicians and public health authorities. Overlapping clinical features between diseases caused by ZIKV, Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) and the lack of validated serological assays for ZIKV make accurate diagnosis difficult. Methodology / Principal Findings The outpatient service for acute febrile illnesses in Fiocruz initiated a syndromic clinical observational study in 2007 to capture unusual presentations of DENV infections. In January 2015, an increase of cases with exanthematic disease was observed. Trained physicians evaluated the patients using a detailed case report form that included clinical assessment and laboratory investigations. The laboratory diagnostic algorithm included assays for detection of ZIKV, CHIKV and DENV. 364 suspected cases of Zika virus disease were identified based on clinical criteria between January and July 2015. Of these, 262 (71.9%) were tested and 119 (45.4%) were confirmed by the detection of ZIKV RNA. All of the samples with sequence information available clustered within the Asian genotype. Conclusions / Significance This is the first report of a ZIKV outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro, based on a large number of suspected (n = 364) and laboratory confirmed cases (n = 119). We were able to demonstrate that ZIKV was circulating in Rio de Janeiro as early as January 2015. The peak of the outbreak was documented in May/June 2015. More than half of the patients reported headache, arthralgia, myalgia, non-purulent conjunctivitis, and lower back pain, consistent with the case definition of suspected ZIKV disease issued by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). However, fever, when present, was low-intensity and short-termed. In our opinion, pruritus, the second most common clinical sign presented by the confirmed cases, should be added to the PAHO case definition, while fever could be given less emphasis. The emergence of ZIKV as a new pathogen for Brazil in 2015 underscores the need for clinical vigilance and strong epidemiological and laboratory surveillance. Zika virus (ZIKV) has been identified in 2015 in Brazil for the first time, causing outbreaks of an illness characterized by skin rash and absent or low grade and short-termed fever. It is difficult to distinguish ZIKV from Dengue (DENV) or (CHIKV) based on the acute clinical presentation. The virus is closely related to DENV, and therefore antibody tests also have problems distinguishing between the two viruses due to cross-reactivity. Recent findings suggest that in a minority of ZIKV cases neurological disease can develop, and that babies born from mothers reporting a ZIKV-like illness during pregnancy may suffer from congenital abnormalities, in many cases a small head or brain. Here we report about an outbreak of ZIKV disease in Rio de Janeiro in the first half of the year 2015, which reached its peak in May/June 2015. This is the first published description of a ZIKV outbreak in Latin America. It is interesting to note that confirmed cases appeared as early as January 2015. Cases were confirmed based on the detection of the viral genome in the blood of the patients. The clinical characterization of the confirmed cases and unconfirmed cases proved to be very similar. Itching or itching rash has been suggested to be added to the case definition issued by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Brasil
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Machado Siqueira
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mayumi Wakimoto
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Nobre
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana
- Clinical Research Platform, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Otilia Lupi
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Valls de Souza
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Romero
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heruza Zogbi
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clarisse da Silveira Bressan
- Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone Sampaio Alves
- Flavivirus Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Mosquito Transmitters of Hematozoans Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marilia Sá Carvalho
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany & German Center for Infectious Disease Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Villabona-Arenas CJ, de Oliveira JL, de Sousa-Capra C, Balarini K, Pereira da Fonseca CRT, Zanotto PMDA. Epidemiological dynamics of an urban Dengue 4 outbreak in São Paulo, Brazil. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1892. [PMID: 27069820 PMCID: PMC4824887 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dengue studies at the urban scale are scarce and required for guiding control efforts. In Brazil, the burden of dengue is high and challenges city public health administrations with limited resources. Here we studied the dynamics of a dengue epidemic in a single city. Methods: Serum samples from dengue suspected cases were collected and tested, from December 2012 and July 2013 in Guarujá, Brazil. We use incidence series analysis to provide a detailed view of the reproduction number dynamics and a Bayesian analysis to infer the spread of the serotype using geographic and temporal data. Results: We obtained nucleotide sequences from 354 envelope genes and georeferenced 286 samples during the course of the outbreak. Serotype 4 was responsible for the epidemic. We identified at least two major lineages that overlapped in distribution. We observed high reproduction numbers and high cladogenesis prior to the escalation of clinical case notifications. Three densely populated non-adjacent neighborhoods played a pivotal role during the onset and/or course of the epidemic. Discussion: Our findings point to high dengue virus transmission with a substantial proportion of unapparent cases that led to a late recognition of an outbreak. Usually source reductions initiatives tend to be insufficient once an epidemic has been established. Nevertheless, health authorities in Guarujá prioritized vector control on specific places with clusters of georeferenced viremic patients, which appear to have diminished the epidemic impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Julián Villabona-Arenas
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Jessica Luana de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biomedicine, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla de Sousa-Capra
- Office of Epidemiological Surveillance, Department of Health of Guarujá , Guarujá, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Karime Balarini
- Clinical Laboratory Analysis Center, ITAPEMA , Guarujá , Brazil
| | | | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Braga C, Albuquerque MDFPMD, Cordeiro MT, Castanha PMS, Ramesh A, Alexander N, Mello MJGD, Marques ETA, Martelli CMT. Prospective birth cohort in a hyperendemic dengue area in Northeast Brazil: methods and preliminary results. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2016; 32:S0102-311X2016000100601. [PMID: 26886185 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00095815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue cases have increased in younger age groups in Brazil. Maternal anti-dengue antibodies can have a protective effect in the first months of life, but their decline can increase the risk of severe dengue. A prospective birth cohort was established in 2011-2012 in the city of Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil, to determine the incidence of serotype-specific dengue infection and the kinetics of transferred maternal anti-dengue antibodies in the first years of life. This article describes the design, methods and preliminary results of this cohort study. 354 children underwent clinical and laboratory monitoring for two years, with 15% losses to follow-up. The overall rate of new infections was approximately 10% in the first year of follow-up. Information on the force of serotype-specific dengue infection and the evaluation of transferred maternal antibodies can contribute to understanding dengue etiopathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Braga
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Anita Ramesh
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | - Neal Alexander
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nunes MRT, Faria NR, de Vasconcelos JM, Golding N, Kraemer MUG, de Oliveira LF, Azevedo RDSDS, da Silva DEA, da Silva EVP, da Silva SP, Carvalho VL, Coelho GE, Cruz ACR, Rodrigues SG, Vianez JLDSG, Nunes BTD, Cardoso JF, Tesh RB, Hay SI, Pybus OG, Vasconcelos PFDC. Emergence and potential for spread of Chikungunya virus in Brazil. BMC Med 2015; 13:102. [PMID: 25976325 PMCID: PMC4433093 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In December 2013, an outbreak of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused by the Asian genotype was notified in the Caribbean. The outbreak has since spread to 38 regions in the Americas. By September 2014, the first autochthonous CHIKV infections were confirmed in Oiapoque, North Brazil, and in Feira de Santana, Northeast Brazil. METHODS We compiled epidemiological and clinical data on suspected CHIKV cases in Brazil and polymerase-chain-reaction-based diagnostic was conducted on 68 serum samples from patients with symptom onset between April and September 2014. Two imported and four autochthonous cases were selected for virus propagation, RNA isolation, full-length genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. We then followed CDC/PAHO guidelines to estimate the risk of establishment of CHIKV in Brazilian municipalities. RESULTS We detected 41 CHIKV importations and 27 autochthonous cases in Brazil. Epidemiological and phylogenetic analyses indicated local transmission of the Asian CHIKV genotype in Oiapoque. Unexpectedly, we also discovered that the ECSA genotype is circulating in Feira de Santana. The presumed index case of the ECSA genotype was an individual who had recently returned from Angola and developed symptoms in Feira de Santana. We estimate that, if CHIKV becomes established in Brazil, transmission could occur in 94% of municipalities in the country and provide maps of the risk of importation of each strain of CHIKV in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS The etiological strains associated with the early-phase CHIKV outbreaks in Brazil belong to the Asian and ECSA genotypes. Continued surveillance and vector mitigation strategies are needed to reduce the future public health impact of CHIKV in the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Nuno Rodrigues Faria
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
| | - Janaina Mota de Vasconcelos
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Nick Golding
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
| | - Moritz U G Kraemer
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
| | - Layanna Freitas de Oliveira
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Daisy Elaine Andrade da Silva
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Sandro Patroca da Silva
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Lima Carvalho
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Giovanini Evelim Coelho
- National Dengue Control Program, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Brasilia, DF, 70058-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Guerreiro Rodrigues
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruno Tardelli Diniz Nunes
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Jedson Ferreira Cardoso
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Robert B Tesh
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas TX, 77555-0609, USA.
| | - Simon I Hay
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK. .,Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, 67030-000, Brazil. .,Department of Pathology, Para State University, Belem, PA, 66087-670, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Klungthong C, Manasatienkij W, Phonpakobsin T, Chinnawirotpisan P, Rodpradit P, Hussem K, Thaisomboonsuk B, Ong-ajchaowlerd P, Nisalak A, Kalayanarooj S, Buddhari D, Gibbons RV, Jarman RG, Yoon IK, Fernandez S. Monitoring and improving the sensitivity of dengue nested RT-PCR used in longitudinal surveillance in Thailand. J Clin Virol 2014; 63:25-31. [PMID: 25600599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AFRIMS longitudinal dengue surveillance in Thailand depends on the nested RT-PCR and the dengue IgM/IgG ELISA. OBJECTIVE To examine and improve the sensitivity of the nested RT-PCR using a panel of archived samples collected during dengue surveillance. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective analysis of 16,454 dengue IgM/IgG ELISA positive cases collected between 2000 and 2013 was done to investigate the sensitivity of the nested RT-PCR. From these cases, 318 acute serum specimens or extracted RNA, previously found to be negative by the nested RT-PCR, were tested using TaqMan real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan rRT-PCR). To improve the sensitivity of nested RT-PCR, we designed a new primer based on nucleotide sequences from contemporary strains found to be positive by the TaqMan rRT-PCR. Sensitivity of the new nested PCR was calculated using a panel of 87 samples collected during 2011-2013. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The percentage of dengue IgM/IgG ELISA positive cases that were negative by the nested RT-PCR varied from 17% to 42% for all serotypes depending on the year. Using TaqMan rRT-PCR, dengue RNA was detected in 194 (61%) of the 318 acute sera or extracted RNA previously found to be negative by the nested RT-PCR. The newly designed DENV-1 specific primer increased the sensitivity of DENV-1 detection by the nested RT-PCR from 48% to 88%, and of all 4 serotypes from 73% to 87%. These findings demonstrate the impact of genetic diversity and signal erosion on the sensitivity of PCR-based methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chonticha Klungthong
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Wudtichai Manasatienkij
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thipwipha Phonpakobsin
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyawan Chinnawirotpisan
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prinyada Rodpradit
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittinun Hussem
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapapun Ong-ajchaowlerd
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ananda Nisalak
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Darunee Buddhari
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Robert V Gibbons
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass Suite B, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - In-Kyu Yoon
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Mendes MS, de Moraes J. Legal aspects of public health: difficulties in controlling vector-borne and zoonotic diseases in Brazil. Acta Trop 2014; 139:84-7. [PMID: 25051187 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, vector-borne and zoonotic diseases have become a major challenge for public health. Dengue fever and leptospirosis are the most important communicable diseases in Brazil based on their prevalence and the healthy life years lost from disability. The primary strategy for preventing human exposure to these diseases is effective insect and rodent control in and around the home. However, health authorities have difficulties in controlling vector-borne and zoonotic diseases because residents often refuse access to their homes. This study discusses aspects related to the activities performed by Brazilian health authorities to combat vector-borne and zoonotic diseases, particularly difficulties in relation to the legal aspect, which often impede the quick and effective actions of these professionals. How might it be possible to reconcile the need to preserve public health and the rule on the inviolability of the home, especially in the case of abandoned properties or illegal residents and the refusal of residents to allow the health authority access? Do residents have the right to hinder the performance of health workers even in the face of a significant and visible focus of disease transmission? This paper argues that a comprehensive legal plan aimed at the control of invasive vector-borne and zoonotic diseases including synanthropic animals of public health importance should be considered. In addition, this paper aims to bridge the gap between lawyers and public health professionals and to facilitate communication between them.
Collapse
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Christovam Barcellos
- Health Communication and Information Institute, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ICICT/FIOCRUZ), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Rachel Lowe
- Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|