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Wang Z, Huang C, Shi Z, Liu H, Han X, Chen Z, Li S, Wang Z, Huang J. A taurine-based hydrogel with the neuroprotective effect and the ability to promote neural stem cell proliferation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213895. [PMID: 38795474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a cerebrovascular disease caused by arterial occlusion in the brain, can lead to brain impairment and even death. Stem cell therapies have shown positive advantages to treat ischemic stroke because of their extended time window, but the cell viability is poor when transplanted into the brain directly. Therefore, a new hydrogel GelMA-T was developed by introducing taurine on GelMA to transplant neural stem cells. The GelMA-T displayed the desired photocuring ability, micropore structure, and cytocompatibility. Its compressive modulus was more similar to neural tissue compared to that of GelMA. The GelMA-T could protect SH-SY5Y cells from injury induced by OGD/R. Furthermore, the NE-4C cells showed better proliferation performance in GelMA-T than that in GelMA during both 2D and 3D cultures. All results demonstrate that GelMA-T possesses a neuroprotective effect for ischemia/reperfusion injury against ischemic stroke and plays a positive role in promoting NSC proliferation. The novel hydrogel is anticipated to function as cell vehicles for the transplantation of neural stem cells into the stroke cavity, aiming to treat ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Chuanzhen Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Hanlian Liu
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Xu Han
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Calabrese EJ, Pressman P, Hayes AW, Kapoor R, Dhawan G, Agathokleous E, Calabrese V. Taurine induces hormesis in multiple biological models: May have transformative implications for overall societal health. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 392:110930. [PMID: 38432405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper represents the first integrative assessment and documentation of taurine-induced hormetic effects in the biological and biomedical areas, their dose response features, mechanistic frameworks, and possible public health, therapeutic and commercial applications. Taurine-induced hormetic effects are documented in a wide range of experimental models, cell types and for numerous biological endpoints, with most of these experimental findings being reported within the past five years. It is suggested that the concept of hormesis may have a transformative effect on taurine research and its public health and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Morrill I-N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD), University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
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3
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Song Y, Cho JH, Kim H, Eum YJ, Cheong EN, Choi S, Park JH, Tak S, Park B, Sohn JH, Cho G, Cheong C. Association Between Taurine Level in the Hippocampus and Major Depressive Disorder in Young Women: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study at 7T. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:465-472. [PMID: 37678539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. Generally, women are twice as likely as men to have depression. Taurine, a type of amino acid, plays critical roles in neuronal generation, differentiation, arborization, and formation of synaptic connections. Importantly, it enhances proliferation and synaptogenesis in the hippocampus. When injected into animals, taurine has an antidepressant effect. However, there is no in vivo evidence to show an association between taurine concentration in the human brain and the development of MDD. METHODS Forty-one unmedicated young women with MDD (ages 18-29) and 43 healthy control participants matched for gender and age were recruited in South Korea. Taurine concentration was measured in the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and occipital cortex of the MDD and healthy control groups using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T. Analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in taurine concentration, adjusting for age as a covariate. RESULTS Taurine concentration in the hippocampus was lower (F1,75 = 5.729, p = .019, Δη2 = 0.073) for the MDD group (mean [SEM] = 0.91 [0.06] mM) than for the healthy control group (1.13 [0.06] mM). There was no significant difference in taurine concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex or occipital cortex between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a lower level of taurine concentration in the hippocampus may be a novel characteristic of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyu Song
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Cho
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ji Eum
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - E-Nae Cheong
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Choi
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Heon Park
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Tak
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumwoo Park
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hun Sohn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyunggoo Cho
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chaejoon Cheong
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Ommati MM, Rezaei H, Socorro RM, Tian W, Zhao J, Rouhani A, Sabouri S, Ghaderi F, Niknahad AM, Najibi A, Mazloomi S, Safipour M, Honarpishefard Z, Wang HW, Niknahad H, Heidari R. Pre/postnatal taurine supplementation improves neurodevelopment and brain function in mice offspring: A persistent developmental study from puberty to maturity. Life Sci 2024; 336:122284. [PMID: 38008208 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Taurine (TAU) is a sulfur-containing amino acid abundantly found in the human body. Endogenously, TAU is synthesized from cysteine in the liver. However, newborns rely entirely on TAU's dietary supply (milk). There is no investigation on the effect of long-term TAU administration on next-generation neurological development. The current study evaluated the effect of long-term TAU supplementation during the maternal gestational and litter weaning time on several neurological parameters in mice offspring. Moreover, the effects of TAU on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress biomarkers as plausible mechanisms of its action in the whole brain and hippocampus have been evaluated. TAU (0.5 % and 1 % w/v) was dissolved in the drinking water of pregnant mice (Day one of pregnancy), and amino acid supplementation was continued during the weaning time (post-natal day; PND = 21) until litters maturity (PND = 65). It was found that TAU significantly improved cognitive function, memory performance, reflexive motor activity, and emotional behaviors in F1-mice generation. TAU measurement in the brain and hippocampus revealed higher levels of this amino acid. TAU and ATP levels were also significantly higher in the mitochondria isolated from the whole brain and hippocampus. Based on these data, TAU could be suggested as a supplement during pregnancy or in pediatric formula. The effects of TAU on cellular mitochondrial function and energy metabolism might play a fundamental role in the positive effects of this amino acid observed in this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Heresh Rezaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Retana-Márquez Socorro
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City, Mexico
| | - Weishun Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Ayeh Rouhani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Sabouri
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary, Shanxi agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Fatemeh Ghaderi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Niknahad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Najibi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 244 Hughes Laboratories, 651 E. High Street, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Sahra Mazloomi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moslem Safipour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Honarpishefard
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China.
| | - Hossein Niknahad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City, Mexico.
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Garcia-Serrano AM, Vieira JPP, Fleischhart V, Duarte JMN. Taurine and N-acetylcysteine treatments prevent memory impairment and metabolite profile alterations in the hippocampus of high-fat diet-fed female mice. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:1090-1102. [PMID: 36222315 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2131062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Obesity constitutes a risk factor for cognitive impairment. In rodent models, long-term exposure to obesogenic diets leads to hippocampal taurine accumulation. Since taurine has putative cyto-protective effects, hippocampal taurine accumulation in obese and diabetic models might constitute a counteracting response to metabolic stress. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that treatment with taurine or with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which provides cysteine for the synthesis of taurine and glutathione, prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-associated hippocampal alterations and memory impairment. Methods: Female mice were fed either a regular diet or HFD. Some mice had access to 3%(w/v) taurine or 3%(w/v) NAC in the drinking water. After 2 months, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to measure metabolite profiles. Memory was assessed in novel object and novel location recognition tests. Results: HFD feeding caused memory impairment in both tests, and reduced concentration of lactate, phosphocreatine-to-creatine ratio, and the neuronal marker N-acetylaspartate in the hippocampus. Taurine and NAC prevented HFD-induced memory impairment and N-acetylaspartate reduction. NAC, but not taurine, prevented the reduction of lactate and phosphocreatine-to-creatine ratio. MRS revealed NAC/taurine-induced increase of hippocampal glutamate and GABA levels. Conclusion: NAC and taurine can prevent memory impairment, while only NAC prevents alterations of metabolite concentrations in HFD-exposed female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Garcia-Serrano
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joao P P Vieira
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Veronika Fleischhart
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - João M N Duarte
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Jia J, Tian X, He J, Ma G, He W. Taurine promotes axonal sprouting via Shh-mediated mitochondrial improvement in stroke. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e382323. [PMID: 37377249 DOI: 10.1590/acb382323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Motor function is restored by axonal sprouting in ischemic stroke. Mitochondria play a crucial role in axonal sprouting. Taurine (TAU) is known to protect the brain against experimental stroke, but its role in axonal sprouting and the underlying mechanism are unclear. METHODS We evaluated the motor function of stroke mice using the rotarod test on days 7, 14, and 28. Immunocytochemistry with biotinylated dextran amine was used to detect axonal sprouting. We observed neurite outgrowth and cell apoptosis in cortical neurons under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), respectively. Furthermore, we evaluated the mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PCG-1α), transcription factor A of mitochondria (TFAM), protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1), and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc). RESULTS TAU recovered the motor function and promoted axonal sprouting in ischemic mice. TAU restored the neuritogenesis ability of cortical neurons and reduced OGD-induced cell apoptosis. TAU also reduced reactive oxygen species, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced ATP and mtDNA content, increased the levels of PGC-1α, and TFAM, and restored the impaired levels of PTCH1, and c-Myc. Furthermore, these TAU-related effects could be blocked using an Shh inhibitor (cyclopamine). CONCLUSION Taurine promoted axonal sprouting via Shh-mediated mitochondrial improvement in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Jia
- Capital Medical University - Beijing Chaoyang Hospital - Department of Neurosurgery - Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochao Tian
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University - Department of Cardiology - Hebei, China
| | - Jinzhao He
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhong Ma
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
| | - Weiliang He
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Heyuan Hospital - Department of Neurology - Guangdong, China
- Heyuan People's Hospital - Heyuan Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis & Disease Prevention and Treatment - Doctors Station of Guangdong province - Guangdong, China
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Bruce MR, Couch ACM, Grant S, McLellan J, Ku K, Chang C, Bachman A, Matson M, Berman RF, Maddock RJ, Rowland D, Kim E, Ponzini MD, Harvey D, Taylor SL, Vernon AC, Bauman MD, Van de Water J. Altered behavior, brain structure, and neurometabolites in a rat model of autism-specific maternal autoantibody exposure. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2136-2147. [PMID: 36973347 PMCID: PMC10575787 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Maternal immune dysregulation is a prenatal risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Importantly, a clinically relevant connection exists between inflammation and metabolic stress that can result in aberrant cytokine signaling and autoimmunity. In this study we examined the potential for maternal autoantibodies (aAbs) to disrupt metabolic signaling and induce neuroanatomical changes in the brains of exposed offspring. To accomplish this, we developed a model of maternal aAb exposure in rats based on the clinical phenomenon of maternal autoantibody-related ASD (MAR-ASD). Following confirmation of aAb production in rat dams and antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) transfer to offspring, we assessed offspring behavior and brain structure longitudinally. MAR-ASD rat offspring displayed a reduction in pup ultrasonic vocalizations and a pronounced deficit in social play behavior when allowed to freely interact with a novel partner. Additionally, longitudinal in vivo structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) at postnatal day 30 (PND30) and PND70, conducted in a separate cohort of animals, revealed sex-specific differences in total and regional brain volume. Treatment-specific effects by region appeared to converge on midbrain and cerebellar structures in MAR-ASD offspring. Simultaneously, in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) data were collected to examine brain metabolite levels in the medial prefrontal cortex. Results showed that MAR-ASD offspring displayed decreased levels of choline-containing compounds and glutathione, accompanied by increased taurine compared to control animals. Overall, we found that rats exposed to MAR-ASD aAbs present with alterations in behavior, brain structure, and neurometabolites; reminiscent of findings observed in clinical ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Bruce
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Amalie C M Couch
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simone Grant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janna McLellan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Ku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christina Chang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Angelica Bachman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Matson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert F Berman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Richard J Maddock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Douglas Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Kim
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew D Ponzini
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sandra L Taylor
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anthony C Vernon
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa D Bauman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Judy Van de Water
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Mattiassi S, Conner AA, Feng F, Goh ELK, Yim EKF. The Combined Effects of Topography and Stiffness on Neuronal Differentiation and Maturation Using a Hydrogel Platform. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060934. [PMID: 36980275 PMCID: PMC10047827 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biophysical parameters such as substrate topography and stiffness have been shown independently to elicit profound effects on neuronal differentiation and maturation from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) yet have not been investigated in combination. Here, the effects of various micrograting and stiffness combinations on neuronal differentiation and maturation were investigated using a polyacrylamide and N-acryloyl-6-aminocaproic acid copolymer (PAA-ACA) hydrogel with tunable stiffness. Whole laminin was conjugated onto the PAA-ACA surface indirectly or directly to facilitate long-term mouse and human NPC-derived neuron attachment. Three micrograting dimensions (2-10 µm) were patterned onto gels with varying stiffness (6.1-110.5 kPa) to evaluate the effects of topography, stiffness, and their interaction. The results demonstrate that the extracellular matrix (ECM)-modified PAA-ACA gels support mouse and human neuronal cell attachment throughout the differentiation and maturation stages (14 and 28 days, respectively). The interaction between topography and stiffness is shown to significantly increase the proportion of β-tubulin III (TUJ1) positive neurons and microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP2) positive neurite branching and length. Thus, the effects of topography and stiffness cannot be imparted. These results provide a novel platform for neural mechanobiology studies and emphasize the utility of optimizing numerous biophysical cues for improved neuronal yield in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Mattiassi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Abigail A Conner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Eyleen L K Goh
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Faculty, Lee Kong China School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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9
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Hu D, Jin Y, Hou X, Zhu Y, Chen D, Tai J, Chen Q, Shi C, Ye J, Wu M, Zhang H, Lu Y. Application of Marine Natural Products against Alzheimer's Disease: Past, Present and Future. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21010043. [PMID: 36662216 PMCID: PMC9867307 DOI: 10.3390/md21010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is one of the most intractable illnesses which affects the elderly. Clinically manifested as various impairments in memory, language, cognition, visuospatial skills, executive function, etc., the symptoms gradually aggravated over time. The drugs currently used clinically can slow down the deterioration of AD and relieve symptoms but cannot completely cure them. The drugs are mainly acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) and non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NDMAR) antagonists. The pathogenesis of AD is inconclusive, but it is often associated with the expression of beta-amyloid. Abnormal deposition of amyloid and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in the brain have been key targets for past, current, and future drug development for the disease. At present, researchers are paying more and more attention to excavate natural compounds which can be effective against Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. Marine natural products have been demonstrated to be the most prospective candidates of these compounds, and some have presented significant neuroprotection functions. Consequently, we intend to describe the potential effect of bioactive compounds derived from marine organisms, including polysaccharides, carotenoids, polyphenols, sterols and alkaloids as drug candidates, to further discover novel and efficacious drug compounds which are effective against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yating Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xiangqi Hou
- Hangzhou WeChampion Biotech. Inc., Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Yinlong Zhu
- Zhejiang Chiral Medicine Chemicals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311227, China
| | - Danting Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jingjing Tai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Cui Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Mengxu Wu
- Hangzhou WeChampion Biotech. Inc., Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Hangzhou WeChampion Biotech. Inc., Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Yanbin Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-87103135
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10
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Ozan M, Buzdagli Y, Eyipinar CD, Baygutalp NK, Yüce N, Oget F, Kan E, Baygutalp F. Does Single or Combined Caffeine and Taurine Supplementation Improve Athletic and Cognitive Performance without Affecting Fatigue Level in Elite Boxers? A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204399. [PMID: 36297081 PMCID: PMC9610400 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, the effect of single or combined intake of caffeine (CAF) and taurine (TAU) on exercise performance was investigated. However, the potential synergistic effect on physical and cognitive performance after fatigue induced by anaerobic exercise is unknown. The effects of single and combination CAF and TAU supplementation on the Wingate test in elite male boxers and to evaluate balance, agility and cognitive performance after fatigue are being investigated for the first time in this study. Twenty elite male boxers 22.14 ± 1.42 years old were divided into four groups in this double-blind, randomized crossover study: CAF (6 mg/kg of caffeine), TAU (3 g single dose of taurine), CAF*TAU (co-ingestion of 3 g single dose of taurine and 6 mg/kg of caffeine) and PLA (300 mg maltodextrin). The findings are as follows: co-ingestion of CAF*TAU, improved peak (W/kg), average (W), minimum (W) power, time to reach (s), and RPE performances compared to the PLA group significantly (p < 0.05). Similarly, it was determined that a single dose of TAU, created a significant difference (p < 0.05) in peak power (W/kg), and average and minimum power (W) values compared to the CAF group. According to the balance and agility tests performed after the Wingate test, co-ingestion of CAF*TAU revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to the PLA group. In terms of cognitive performance, co-ingestion of CAF*TAU significantly improved the neutral reaction time (ms) compared to the TAU, CAF and PLA groups. As a result, elite male boxers performed better in terms of agility, balance and cognitive function when they consumed a combination of 6 mg/kg CAF and 3 g TAU. It has been determined that the combined use of these supplements is more effective than their single use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ozan
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education, Atatürk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Buzdagli
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Cemre Didem Eyipinar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Kılıç Baygutalp
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Yüce
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Furkan Oget
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Kan
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education, Atatürk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Baygutalp
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25500 Erzurum, Turkey
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11
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Nutrition influences nervous system development by regulating neural stem cell homeostasis. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Effects of Taurine Depletion on Body Weight and Mouse Behavior during Development. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070631. [PMID: 35888755 PMCID: PMC9318136 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) plays an important role in various physiological functions and is abundant in the brain and skeletal muscle. Extracellular taurine is an endogenous agonist of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and glycine receptors. Taurine actively accumulates in cells via the taurine transporter (TauT). Adult taurine-knockout (TauT−/−) mice exhibit lower body weights and exercise intolerance. To further examine the physiological role of taurine, we examined the effect of its depletion on mouse behavior, startle responses, muscular endurance, and body weight during development from postnatal day 0 (P0) until P60. In the elevated plus maze test, TauT−/− mice showed decreased anxiety-like behavior. In addition, TauT−/− mice did not show a startle response to startle stimuli, suggesting they have difficulty hearing. Wire-hang test revealed that muscular endurance was reduced in TauT−/− mice. Although a reduction of body weight was observed in TauT−/− mice during the developmental period, changes in body weight during 60% food restriction were similar to wild-type mice. Collectively, these results suggest that taurine has important roles in anxiety-like behavior, hearing, muscular endurance, and maintenance of body weight.
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13
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Ehtermi A, Rezaei kolarijani N, Nazarnezhad S, Alizadeh M, Masoudi A, Salehi M. Peripheral nerve regeneration by thiolated chitosan hydrogel containing Taurine: In vitro and in vivo study. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08839115221085736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
About 2.8% of trauma sick persons hurt from peripheral nerve damages, thus, numerous approaches are using to improve peripheral nerve regeneration. In the current study, the efficacy of several dosages of Taurine for peripheral nerve regeneration was evaluated. About 0.1%, 1%, and 10% (w/w) of Taurine were added into thiolated chitosan hydrogel and its features including morphology, swelling properties, weight loss, hemo-, and cytocompatibility were assessed. Hydrogels’ functionality was evaluated by injecting them into the crushed sciatic nerve of rats by using walking-foot-print analysis, Hot plate latency test, gastrocnemius muscle wet weight loss, and histopathological evaluation. Results demonstrated that the average pore size is in the area of 30–40 μm with interconnected pores and their weight loss was around 70% after 7 days. Results of blood compatibility and the MTT tests confirmed the biocompatibility of hydrogels. In vivo study illustrate thiolated Chitosan/Taurine hydrogels especially hydrogel includes 1% of Taurine enhanced sciatic nerve regeneration. In conclusion, Taurine can be used as a feasible treatment for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arian Ehtermi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Rezaei kolarijani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Alireza Masoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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14
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Nucera S, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Guarnieri L, Zito MC, Bosco F, Macrì R, Scarano F, Scicchitano M, Maiuolo J, Carresi C, Mollace R, Cariati L, Mazzarella G, Palma E, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Cascini GL, Mollace V. MAFLD progression contributes to altered thalamus metabolism and brain structure. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1207. [PMID: 35075185 PMCID: PMC8786899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), commonly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, represents a continuum of events characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation which can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and in some severe cases hepatocellular carcinoma. MAFLD might be considered as a multisystem disease that affects not only the liver but involves wider implications, relating to several organs and systems, the brain included. The present study aims to investigate changes associated with MAFLD-induced alteration of thalamic metabolism in vivo. DIAMOND (Diet-induced animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) mice were fed a chow diet and tap water (NC NW) or fat Western Diet (WD SW) for up to 28 weeks. At the baseline and weeks 4, 8, 20, 28 the thalamic neurochemical profile and total cerebral brain volume were evaluated longitudinally in both diet groups using 1H-MRS. To confirm the disease progression, at each time point, a subgroup of animals was sacrificed, the livers excised and placed in formalin. Liver histology was assessed and reviewed by an expert liver pathologist. MAFLD development significantly increases the thalamic levels of total N-acetylaspartate, total creatine, total choline, and taurine. Furthermore, in the WD SW group a reduction in total cerebral brain volume has been observed (p < 0.05 vs NC NW). Our results suggest that thalamic energy metabolism is affected by MAFLD progression. This metabolic imbalance, that is quantifiable by 1H-MRS in vivo, might cause structural damage to brain cells and dysfunctions of neurotransmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luca Cariati
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzarella
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucio Cascini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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15
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Kim HY, Lee YJ, Kim SJ, Lee JD, Kim S, Ko MJ, Kim JW, Shin CY, Kim KB. Metabolomics profiling of valproic acid-induced symptoms resembling autism spectrum disorders using 1H NMR spectral analysis in rat model. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:1-13. [PMID: 34445937 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1967821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been implicated in the manifestation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like behavioral and functional changes both in human and rodents including mice and rats. The objective of this study was to determine metabolomics profiling and biomarkers related to VPA-induced symptoms resembling ASD using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectral data. VPA was administered to pregnant rats at gestation day 12.5 and effects measured subsequently in male 4-week-old offspring pups. The sociability of VPA-treated animals was significantly diminished and exhibited ASD-like behavior as evidenced by reduction of social adaptation disorder and lack of social interactions. To find biomarkers related to ASD, the following were collected prefrontal brain cortices, urine bladder and blood samples directly from heart puncture. In all samples, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) displayed significant clustering pattern differences between control and treated groups. Valine, taurine, myo-inositol, 3-hydroxybutyrate and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone were significantly decreased in brain cortices in treated rats. Serum metabolites of glucose, creatine phosphate, lactate, glutamine and threonine were significantly increased in VPA-administered animals. Urinary metabolites of pimelate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate and valerate were significantly reduced in VPA-treated rat, whereas galactose and galactonate levels were elevated. Various metabolites were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction metabolism and central nervous system disorders. Data demonstrated that VPA-induced alterations in endogenous metabolites of serum, urine, and brain cortex which might prove useful as biomarkers for symptoms resembling ASD as a model of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Dae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Jung Ko
- Department Of Neuroscience, School Of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- Department Of Neuroscience, School Of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department Of Neuroscience, School Of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Center for Human Risk Assessment, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam Republic of Korea
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16
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Wu G, Zhou J, Yang M, Xu C, Pang H, Qin X, Lin S, Yang J, Hu J. The Regulatory Effects of Taurine on Neurogenesis and Apoptosis of Neural Stem Cells in the Hippocampus of Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:351-367. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Yamashita T, Kato T, Isogai T, Gu Y, Ito T, Ma N. Taurine Deficiency in Tissues Aggravates Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal Syndrome. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:113-120. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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18
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Oja SS, Saransaari P. Taurine and the Brain. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:325-331. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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19
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Takechi R, Mamo J, Das S, Graneri L, D'Alonzo Z, Nesbit M, Junaldi E, Lam V. Short-term consumption of alcohol (vodka) mixed with energy drink (AMED) attenuated alcohol-induced cerebral capillary disturbances and neuroinflammation in adult wild-type mice. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2398-2407. [PMID: 34549671 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1975364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The ingestion of combinatory Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink (AMED) beverages continues to increase markedly, particularly among young adults. Some studies suggest detrimental health effects related to the combination of alcohol with energy drink formulations; however, the consumption of AMED has not been investigated in context of the cerebral microvasculature or neuroinflammation. We hypothesized that cerebral capillary integrity and glial cells are particularly vulnerable to the combination of AMED.Methods:12-week old wild-type C57BL/6J mice were orally gavaged with either vehicle (water), alcohol (vodka), an energy drink (MotherTM), or a combination AMED, daily for five days. Thereafter, mice were sacrificed, blood alcohol concentrations were analysed and cryosections of brain specimens were subjected to confocal immunofluorescent analysis for measures of cerebral capillary integrity via immunoglobulin G (IgG), and markers of neuroinflammation, ionized-calcium-binding-adaptor-molecule 1 (Iba1) and Glial-Fibrillary-Acidic-Protein (GFAP). Proinflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-17A, IFN-ϒ, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10, were also measured in serum.Results: Consistent with previous studies, cerebral capillary dysfunction and astroglial cell activation were markedly greater in the alcohol-only group (AO); however, the AO-induced effects were profoundly attenuated with the AMED combination. Mice maintained on AO and AMED interventions exhibited a moderate increase in microglial recruitment. There were no significant changes in pro-inflammatory nor anti-inflammatory cytokines in ED or AMED treated mice.Conclusion: This study suggests that paradoxically the acute detrimental effects of alcohol on cerebral capillary integrity and astrogliosis are counteracted with the co-provision of an ED, rich in caffeine and taurine and containing B-group vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Takechi
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - John Mamo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sukanya Das
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Liam Graneri
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Zachary D'Alonzo
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Michael Nesbit
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Edwin Junaldi
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Virginie Lam
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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20
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Neuroprotective Effect of Taurine against Cell Death, Glial Changes, and Neuronal Loss in the Cerebellum of Rats Exposed to Chronic-Recurrent Neuroinflammation Induced by LPS. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:7497185. [PMID: 34327244 PMCID: PMC8277510 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7497185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the neuroprotective effect of taurine against the deleterious effects of chronic-recurrent neuroinflammation induced by LPS in the cerebellum of rats. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with taurine for 28 days. Taurine was administered at a dose of 30 or 100 mg/kg, by gavage. On days 7, 14, 21, and 28, the animals received LPS (250 μg/kg) intraperitoneally. The vehicle used was saline. The animals were divided into six groups: vehicle, taurine 30 mg/kg, taurine 100 mg/kg, LPS, LPS plus taurine 30 mg/kg, and LPS plus taurine 100 mg/kg. On day 29, the animals were euthanized, and the cerebellum was removed and prepared for immunofluorescence analysis using antibodies of GFAP, NeuN, CD11b, and cleaved caspase-3. LPS group showed a reduction in the immunoreactivity of GFAP in the arbor vitae and medullary center and of NeuN in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. LPS increased the immunoreactivity of CD11b in the arbor vitae and in the medullary center. Taurine protected against these effects induced by LPS in immunoreactivity of GFAP, NeuN, and CD11b, with the 100 mg/kg dose being the most effective. LPS induced an increase in the number of positive cleaved caspase-3 cells in the Purkinje cell layers, granular layer, arbor vitae, and medullary center. Taurine showed its antiapoptotic activity by reducing the cleaved caspase-3 cells in relation to the LPS group. Here, a potential neuroprotective role of taurine can be seen since this amino acid was effective in protecting the cerebellum of rats against cell death and changes in glial and neuronal cells in the face of chronic-recurrent neuroinflammation.
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21
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Vargas-Castro V, Gomez-Diaz R, Blanco-Alvarez VM, Tomas-Sanchez C, Gonzalez-Vazquez A, Aguilar-Peralta AK, Gonzalez-Barrios JA, Martinez-Fong D, Eguibar JR, Vivar C, Ugarte A, Soto-Rodriguez G, Brambila E, Millán-Perez-Peña L, Leon-Chavez BA. Long-term taurine administration improves motor skills in a tubulinopathy rat model by decreasing oxidative stress and promoting myelination. Mol Cell Neurosci 2021; 115:103643. [PMID: 34186187 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2021.103643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The taiep rat undergoes hypomyelination and progressive demyelination caused by an abnormal microtubule accumulation in oligodendrocytes, which elicits neuroinflammation and motor behavior dysfunction. Based on taurine antioxidant and proliferative actions, this work explored whether its sustained administration from the embryonic age to adulthood could prevent neuroinflammation, stimulate cell proliferation, promote myelination, and relieve motor impairment. Taurine (50 mg/L of drinking water = 50 ppm) was given to taiep pregnant rats on gestational day 15 and afterward to the male offspring until eight months of age. We measured the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA), CXCL1, CXCR2 receptor, growth factors (BNDF and FGF2), cell proliferation, and myelin content over time. Integral motor behavior was also evaluated. Our results showed that taurine administration significantly decreased NO and MDA + 4-HDA levels, increased cell proliferation, and promoted myelination in an age- and brain region-dependent fashion compared with untreated taiep rats. Taurine effect on chemokines and growth factors was also variable. Taurine improved vestibular reflexes and limb muscular strength in perinatal rats and fine movements and immobility episodes in adult rats. These results show that chronic taurine administration partially alleviates the taiep neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viridiana Vargas-Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Diaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Victor M Blanco-Alvarez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72304, Mexico
| | - Constantino Tomas-Sanchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez-Vazquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aguilar-Peralta
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Juan A Gonzalez-Barrios
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Hospital Regional 1° de Octubre, ISSSTE, Mexico City C. P. 07760, Mexico
| | - Daniel Martinez-Fong
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado Postal 14-740, C. P. 07000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose R Eguibar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72590, Mexico
| | - Carmen Vivar
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado Postal 14-740, C. P. 07000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Ugarte
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72590, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Soto-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72304, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Millán-Perez-Peña
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico
| | - Bertha Alicia Leon-Chavez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. C. P. 72570, Mexico.
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Fang Q, Liu J, Chen L, Chen Q, Ke J, Zhang J, Liu Y, Fu W. Taurine improves the differentiation of neural stem cells in fetal rats with intrauterine growth restriction via activation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:969-981. [PMID: 33608831 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects brain neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation. In the present study, we investigated whether taurine supplementation may improve NSC differentiation in IUGR fetal rats via the protein kinase A-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element protein-brain derived neurotrophic factor (PKA-CREB-BDNF) signaling pathway. The IUGR fetal rat model was established with a low-protein diet. Fresh subventricular zone (SVZ) tissue from the fetuses on the 14th day of pregnancy was microdissected and dissociated into single-cell suspensions, then was cultured to form neurospheres. The neurospheres were divided into the control group, the IUGR group, the IUGR+taurine (taurine) group, the IUGR+H89 (H89) group and the IUGR+taurine+H89 (taurine+H89) group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PKA, CREB and BDNF were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB). Tuj-1-positive neurons and GFAP-positive glial cells were detected by immunofluorescence. The total number of proliferating NSCs and the percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons in the IUGR group were lower than those in the control group, but the percentage of GFAP-positive cells was higher in the IUGR group than in the control group. Taurine supplementation increased the total number of neural cells and the percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons, and reduced the percentage of GFAP-positive cells among differentiated NSCs after IUGR. H89 reduced the total number and percentage of Tuj-1-positive neurons and increased the percentage of GFAP-positive cells. The mRNA and protein levels of PKA, CREB, and BDNF were lower in the IUGR group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of these factors were increased by taurine supplementation but reduced by the addition of H89. Taurine supplementation increased the ratio of neurons to glial cells and prevented gliosis in the differentiation of NSCs in IUGR fetal rats by activating the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bayi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Beijing, 100700, China
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bayi Children's Hospital, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiaobin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiuyun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China
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23
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Krishnan M, Kumar S, Kangale LJ, Ghigo E, Abnave P. The Act of Controlling Adult Stem Cell Dynamics: Insights from Animal Models. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050667. [PMID: 33946143 PMCID: PMC8144950 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells (ASCs) are the undifferentiated cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities. They are present in all major organ systems of the body and are uniquely reserved there during development for tissue maintenance during homeostasis, injury, and infection. They do so by promptly modulating the dynamics of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Any imbalance in these processes may result in regeneration failure or developing cancer. Hence, the dynamics of these various behaviors of ASCs need to always be precisely controlled. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been demonstrated to be involved in tightly regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of ASCs. Understanding these mechanisms is of great importance, given the role of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Investigations on various animal models have played a significant part in enriching our knowledge and giving In Vivo in-sight into such ASCs regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we have discussed the recent In Vivo studies demonstrating the role of various genetic factors in regulating dynamics of different ASCs viz. intestinal stem cells (ISCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and epidermal stem cells (Ep-SCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Krishnan
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Luis Johnson Kangale
- IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France;
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Eric Ghigo
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille, France;
- TechnoJouvence, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Prasad Abnave
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Gurgaon-Faridabad Ex-pressway, Faridabad 121001, India; (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Aslan Karakelle N, Dinçer S, Yar Sağlam AS. The effect of intracerebroventricular amyloid beta 1-42 application on cognitive functions in aged rats supplemented with taurine and the change of peroxisomal proteins in this process. Brain Res Bull 2021; 172:89-97. [PMID: 33892084 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study is to investigate the change of peroxisomal proteins in the neurodegenerative and oxidative process caused by the neurotoxicity of Aβ 1-42 in aged rats supplemented with taurine and to show the possible positive effects of taurine in this process. METHODS 30 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as control, sham, Aβ 1-42, taurine, and Aβ 1-42+taurine. Taurine administration continued for 6 weeks (1000 mg/kg/day with drinking water). Stereotaxic surgery was applied to all groups (intracerebroventricular per lateral ventricle needle only or 5 μl, PBS, or Aβ 1-42). Spatial learning and memory performances of the animals were evaluated with Morris water maze and elevated plus maze. The levels of MDA and GSH were measured as oxidative stress parameters in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Expressions of CAT, PEX14, PMP70 of peroxisomal membrane proteins were indicated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that injection of Aβ 1-42 decreased the spatial learning and memory performance, cortex CAT and hippocampus PEX14, PMP70 and GSH levels, and increased cortex and hippocampus MDA levels (p < 0.05). Although the administration of taurine partially ameliorated the adverse effects of Aβ 1-42 injection, a significant difference was found only at the hippocampus GSH levels (p < 0.05). Also, taurine caused anxiety at this dose (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION In conclusion, decreased peroxisomal proteins and antioxidant capacity in neurodegenerative and oxidative processes induced by intracerebroventricular Aβ 1-42 injection showed that peroxisomes may play a role in this process and taurine supplementation may have positive effects especially in increasing antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Aslan Karakelle
- Department of Physiology, Lokman Hekim University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sibel Dinçer
- Department of Physiology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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25
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Mersman B, Zaidi W, Syed NI, Xu F. Taurine Promotes Neurite Outgrowth and Synapse Development of Both Vertebrate and Invertebrate Central Neurons. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:29. [PMID: 32792935 PMCID: PMC7387692 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is widely expressed throughout the human brain, heart, retina, and muscle tissues. Taurine deficiency is associated with cardiomyopathy, renal dysfunction, abnormalities of the developing nervous system, and epilepsy which suggests a role specific to excitable tissues. Like vertebrates, invertebrates maintain high levels of taurine during embryonic and larval development, which decline during aging, indicating a potential developmental role. Notwithstanding its extensive presence throughout, taurine’s precise role/s during early brain development, function, and repair remains largely unknown in both vertebrate and invertebrate. Here, we investigated whether taurine affects neurite outgrowth, synapse formation, and synaptic transmission between postnatal day 0 rat cortical neurons in vitro, whereas its synaptogenic role was tested more directly using the Lymnaea soma-soma synapse model. We provide direct evidence that when applied at physiological concentrations, taurine exerts a significant neurotrophic effect on neuritic outgrowth and thickness of neurites as well as the expression of synaptic puncta as revealed by immunostaining of presynaptic synaptophysin and postsynaptic PSD95 proteins in rat cortical neurons, indicating direct involvement in synapse development. To demonstrate taurine’s direct effects on neurons in the absence of glia and other confounding factors, we next exploited individually identified pre- and postsynaptic neurons from the mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis. We found that taurine increased both the incidence of synapse formation (percent of cells that form synapses) and the efficacy of synaptic transmission between the paired neurons. This effect was comparable, but not additive, to Lymnaea trophic factor-induced synaptogenesis. This study thus provides direct morphological and functional evidence that taurine plays an important role in neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and synaptic transmission during the early stages of brain development and that this role is conserved across both vertebrate and invertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Mersman
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Wali Zaidi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Naweed I Syed
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Fenglian Xu
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Supplemental taurine during adolescence and early adulthood has sex-specific effects on cognition, behavior and neurotransmitter levels in C57BL/6J mice dependent on exposure window. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 79:106883. [PMID: 32289445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian brain goes through final maturation during late adolescence and early adulthood with sex differences in timing. The key cellular processes, including changes in neurotransmitter receptor density and synaptic pruning, make this age uniquely vulnerable to neurotoxic insults. Teenagers and young adults are the major consumers of energy drinks, which contain high levels of taurine and caffeine. Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the central nervous system, but the effects of supplemental taurine consumption during adolescence has not been well studied. We conducted an initial short-term exposure study with 0.12% taurine in drinking water and a long-term exposure dose-response study using 0.06 and 0.12% taurine in male and female C57BL/6J mice. We examined a broad range of cognitive functions and behaviors and measured neurotransmitter levels. We found no significant differences in anxiety, open field locomotor activity, or sensorimotor gating. However, we found impairments in novel object recognition and sex differences in Morris water maze. When taurine treatment stopped before behavioral experiments began, male mice had significant impairments in spatial learning and memory. In the dose-response study when taurine treatment continued throughout behavioral experiments, females had significant impairments. We also found sex differences in neurotransmitter levels with females having higher levels of glutamate, DOPAC and 5-HIAA. We conclude that both females and males are at risk from excess taurine consumption during final brain maturation.
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27
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Amelioration of Repeated Restraint Stress-Induced Behavioral Deficits and Hippocampal Anomalies with Taurine Treatment in Mice. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:731-740. [PMID: 31898086 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Taurine, an essential neutraceutical, has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Substantial evidence indicates that prolonged stress is one of the leading causes of psychological and physiological anomalies. Restraint stress (RS) rat model is the most widely used experimental model for the induction of chronic psycho-emotional stress. In the present study, Swiss albino male mice were restrained for 6 h/day for 28 consecutive days. Animals were divided into four groups: control, RS, RS + taurine, and taurine control group. Taurine, a potent antioxidant, was administered (200 mg/kg) orally along with RS for 28 days. The taurine intervention significantly restored the RS-induced neurobehavioral alterations evident by the elevated plus-maze, Morris water maze test, forced swim test, tail suspension test, and a sucrose preference test. Moreover, taurine significantly prevented hippocampal oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and nitrite) and other neurochemical (acetylcholinesterase, and IL-1β) anomalies. Using western blotting analyses, we demonstrate that taurine treatment significantly ameliorated the alterations in Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, caspase-3, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) level in the hippocampus. Thus, Taurine effectively inhibited RS-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis via a mechanism involving the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, our study is the first to demonstrate that NF-κB and caspase-3 inhibition, as well as BDNF augmentation, was involved in neuroprotective potential of taurine against RS-induced behavioural anomalies.
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28
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Detrimental Impact of Energy Drink Compounds on Developing Oligodendrocytes and Neurons. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111381. [PMID: 31684159 PMCID: PMC6912672 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of energy drinks is continuously rising, particularly in children and adolescents. While risks for adverse health effects, like arrhythmia, have been described, effects on neural cells remain elusive. Considering that neurodevelopmental processes like myelination and neuronal network formation peak in childhood and adolescence we hypothesized that developing oligodendrocytes and neurons are particularly vulnerable to main energy drink components. Immature oligodendrocytes and hippocampal neurons were isolated from P0-P1 Wistar rats and were incubated with 0.3 mg/mL caffeine and 4 mg/mL taurine alone or in combination for 24 h. Analysis was performed immediately after treatment or after additional three days under differentiating conditions for oligodendrocytes and standard culture for neurons. Oligodendrocyte degeneration, proliferation, and differentiation were assessed via immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Neuronal integrity was investigated following immunocytochemistry by analysis of dendrite outgrowth and axonal morphology. Caffeine and taurine induced an increased degeneration and inhibited proliferation of immature oligodendrocytes accompanied by a decreased differentiation capacity. Moreover, dendritic branching and axonal integrity of hippocampal neurons were negatively affected by caffeine and taurine treatment. The negative impact of caffeine and taurine on developing oligodendrocytes and disturbed neuronal morphology indicates a high risk for disturbed neurodevelopment in children and adolescents by excessive energy drink consumption.
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Gorgani S, Jahanshahi M, Elyasi L. Taurine Prevents Passive Avoidance Memory Impairment, Accumulation of Amyloid-β Plaques, and Neuronal Loss in the Hippocampus of Scopolamine-Treated Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-019-09810-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Cassol G, Godinho DB, de Zorzi VN, Farinha JB, Della-Pace ID, de Carvalho Gonçalves M, Oliveira MS, Furian AF, Fighera MR, Royes LFF. Potential therapeutic implications of ergogenic compounds on pathophysiology induced by traumatic brain injury: A narrative review. Life Sci 2019; 233:116684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Jakaria M, Azam S, Haque ME, Jo SH, Uddin MS, Kim IS, Choi DK. Taurine and its analogs in neurological disorders: Focus on therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101223. [PMID: 31141786 PMCID: PMC6536745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid and known as semi-essential in mammals and is produced chiefly by the liver and kidney. It presents in different organs, including retina, brain, heart and placenta and demonstrates extensive physiological activities within the body. In the several disease models, it attenuates inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated injuries. Taurine also modulates ER stress, Ca2+ homeostasis and neuronal activity at the molecular level as part of its broader roles. Different cellular processes such as energy metabolism, gene expression, osmosis and quality control of protein are regulated by taurine. In addition, taurine displays potential ameliorating effects against different neurological disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy and diabetic neuropathy and protects against injuries and toxicities of the nervous system. Several findings demonstrate its therapeutic role against neurodevelopmental disorders, including Angelman syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, sleep-wake disorders, neural tube defects and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Considering current biopharmaceutical limitations, developing novel delivery approaches and new derivatives and precursors of taurine may be an attractive option for treating neurological disorders. Herein, we present an overview on the therapeutic potential of taurine against neurological disorders and highlight clinical studies and its molecular mechanistic roles. This article also addresses the neuropharmacological potential of taurine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jakaria
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Md Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Song-Hee Jo
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea; Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea; Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
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32
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Huang X, Liu J, Wu W, Hu P, Wang Q. Taurine enhances mouse cochlear neural stem cell transplantation via the cochlear lateral wall for replacement of degenerated spiral ganglion neurons via sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 378:49-57. [PMID: 31016387 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential beneficial effects of taurine in cochlear neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. The NSC cells were isolated from neonatal Balb/c mice and an auditory neuropathy gerbil model was established by microinjection of ouabain. The spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) were characterized with immunofluorescence stained with Tuj1 antibody. Cell proliferation was determined by BrdU incorporation assay and the morphologic index was measured under the light microscope. The relative protein level was determined by immunoblotting. The hearing of the animal model was scored by click- and tone burst-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR). Here we consolidated our previous finding that taurine stimulated SGN density and the proliferation index, which were completely abolished by Shh inhibitor, cyclopamine. Transplantation of cochlear NSCs combined with taurine significantly improved ouabain-induced auditory neuropathy in gerbils. In addition, cyclopamine antagonized taurine's effect on glutamatergic and GABAergic neuron population via suppression of VGLUT1 and GAT1 expression. Mechanistically, taurine evidently activated the Sonic HedgeHog pathway and upregulated Shh, Ptc-1, Smo and Gli-1 proteins, which were specifically blockaded by cyclopamine. Here, for the first time demonstrated we that co-administration with taurine significantly improved NSC transplantation and the Shh pathway was identified in this beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Huang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Weijing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Miles AR, Hawrysh PJ, Hossein-Javaheri N, Buck LT. Taurine activates glycine and GABA A receptor currents in anoxia-tolerant painted turtle pyramidal neurons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.181529. [PMID: 30237241 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.181529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Unlike anoxia-intolerant mammals, painted turtles can survive extended periods without oxygen. This is partly accomplished by an anoxia-mediated increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release, which activates GABA receptors and mediates spike arrest in turtle neurons via shunting inhibition. Extracellular taurine levels also increase during anoxia; why this occurs is unknown but it is speculated that glycine and/or GABAA/B receptors are involved. Given the general importance of inhibitory neurotransmission in the anoxia-tolerant painted turtle brain, we investigated the function of taurine as an inhibitory neuromodulator in turtle pyramidal neurons. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological methods to record from neurons within a cortical brain sheet, we found that taurine depolarized membrane potential by ∼8 mV, increased whole-cell conductance ∼2-fold, and induced an inward current that possessed characteristics similar to GABA- and glycine-evoked currents. These effects were mitigated following glycine receptor antagonism with strychnine and GABAA receptor antagonism with gabazine, bicuculine or picrotoxin, but were unchanged following GABAB or glutamatergic receptor inhibition. These data indicate that a high concentration of taurine in vitro mediates its effects through both glycine and GABAA receptors, and suggests that taurine, in addition to GABA, inhibits neuronal activity during anoxia in the turtle cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Miles
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5
| | - Peter J Hawrysh
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5
| | | | - Leslie T Buck
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G5 .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3G5
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34
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Seidel U, Huebbe P, Rimbach G. Taurine: A Regulator of Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Skeletal Muscle Function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800569. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Seidel
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Patricia Huebbe
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of Kiel Kiel Germany
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35
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Zhang X, Wang X, Zhang J, Pan X, Jiang J, Li Y. Effects of Taurine on Alterations of Neurobehavior and Neurodevelopment Key Proteins Expression in Infant Rats by Exposure to Hexabromocyclododecane. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:119-130. [PMID: 28849449 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) is a widely used flame retardant. Studies have found that HBCDs has toxic effects on endocrine and neural development, leading to adverse effects on behavior, learning and memory. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of taurine on cognitive function, neurotrophic factors expression of infant rats exposured to HBCDs. Sprague-Dawley rats of 10-days old were oral gavaged of different doses (0.3, 3 and 30 mg/kg) of HBCDs and 30 mg/kg HBCDs with 300 mg/kg taurine for 60 consecutive days. Rat cognitive function was detected by the method of Morris water maze test. The protein expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) were assayed by Western-blotting. Results showed that rats exposed to HBCDs significantly declined rats spatial learning and memory ability by increasing the latency time of seeking the platform (P < 0.05), decreasing the numbers that each rat had crossed the non-exits and the time spent in the target quadrant as compared with those in control rats (P < 0.05). Taurine treatment significantly reversed the effects of HBCDs. Western-blotting results showed that expression of BDNF, NGF and FGF proteins in the low dose group were obviously increased compared with those in control rats (P < 0.01), and middle-dose and high dose groups significantly decreased. Taurine treatment increased BDNF and NGF expression as compared with high dose groups while Taurine seemed to have no effects on FGF. These result suggested that higher doses of HBCDs early exposure in the developing rats could decrease neurotrophic factors including BDNF, NGF, FGF, which have an impact on neural development, damage on learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiuhua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yachen Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
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Tochitani S. Functions of Maternally-Derived Taurine in Fetal and Neonatal Brain Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:17-25. [PMID: 28849440 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a sulfur-containing organic acid, which has various physiological functions, including membrane stabilization, cell-volume regulation, mitochondrial protein translocation, anti-oxidative activity, neuroprotection against neurotoxicity and modulation of intracellular calcium levels. Taurine also activates GABAA receptors and glycine receptors. Mammalian fetuses and infants are dependent on taurine delivered from their mothers via either the placenta or their mother's milk. Taurine is a molecule that links mother-fetus or mother-infant bonding.This review describes the functions of taurine and the mechanisms of action of taurine in fetal and brain development. Taurine is involved in regulating the proliferation of neural progenitors, migration of newly-generated neurons, and the synapse formation of neurons after migration during fetal and neonatal development. In this review, we also discuss the environmental factors that might influence the functional roles of taurine in neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Tochitani
- Division of Development of Mental Functions, Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
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Zoratto F, Altabella L, Tistarelli N, Laviola G, Adriani W, Canese R. Inside the Developing Brain to Understand Teen Behavior From Rat Models: Metabolic, Structural, and Functional-Connectivity Alterations Among Limbic Structures Across Three Pre-adolescent Stages. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:208. [PMID: 30319367 PMCID: PMC6165895 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is an age of transition when most brain structures undergo drastic modifications, becoming progressively more interconnected and undergoing several changes from a metabolic and structural viewpoint. In the present study, three MR techniques are used in rats to investigate how metabolites, structures and patterns of connectivity do change. We focused in particular on areas belonging to the limbic system, across three post-weaning developmental stages: from "early" (PND 21-25) to "mid" (i.e., a juvenile transition, PND 28-32) and then to "late" (i.e., the adolescent transition, PND 35-39). The rs-fMRI data, with comparison between early and mid (juvenile transition) age-stage rats, highlights patterns of enhanced connectivity from both Striata to both Hippocampi and from there to (left-sided) Nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and Orbitofrontal Cortex (OFC). Also, during this week there is a maturation of pathways from right Striatum to ipsilateral NAcc, from right OFC to ipsilateral NAcc and vice versa, from left Prefrontal Cortex to ipsilateral OFC and eventually from left Striatum, NAcc and Prefrontal Cortex to contralateral OFC. After only 1 week, in late age-stage rats entering into adolescence, the first pathway mentioned above keeps on growing while other patterns appear: both NAcc are reached from contralateral Striatum, right Hippocampus from both Amygdalae, and left NAcc -further- from right Hippocampus. It's interesting to notice the fact that, independently from the age when these connections develop, Striata of both hemispheres send axons to both Hippocampi and both NAcc sides, both Hippocampi reach left NAcc and OFC and finally both NAcc sides reach right OFC. Intriguingly, the Striatum only indirectly reaches the OFC by passing through Hippocampus and NAcc. Data obtained with DTI highlight how adolescents' neurite density may be affected within sub-cortical gray matter, especially for NAcc and OFC at "late" age-stage (adolescence). Finally, levels of metabolites were investigated by 1H-MRS in the anterior part of the hippocampus: we put into evidence an increase in myo-inositol during juvenile transition and a taurine reduction plus a total choline increase during adolescent transition. In this paper, the aforementioned pattern guides the formulation of hypotheses concerning the correlation between the establishment of novel brain connections and the emergence of behavioral traits that are typical of adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Zoratto
- Center Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Naomi Tistarelli
- Faculty of Psychology, Università Telematica Internazionale Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Laviola
- Center Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Faculty of Psychology, Università Telematica Internazionale Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
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Huang X, Wu W, Hu P, Wang Q. Taurine enhances mouse cochlear neural stem cells proliferation and differentiation to sprial gangli through activating sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. Organogenesis 2018; 14:147-157. [PMID: 30102120 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2018.1477462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying taurine-stimulated proliferation and differentiation of cochlear neural stem cells (NSCs) and potential involvement of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway. The NSCs were characterized with immunofluorescence stained with nestin antibody. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The relative proliferation was measured by BrdU incorporation assay. The morphologic index was measured under light microscope. The relative protein level was determined by immunoblotting. Here we presented our findings that taurine stimulated proliferation and neurite outgrowth of NSCs, which was completely abolished by Shh inhibitor cyclopamine. In addition, cyclopamine antagonized taurine's effect on glutamatergic and GABAergic neuron population via suppressing expressions of Ptc-1, Smo and Gli-1. Our data supported the critical role of Shh pathway underlying the protective effect of taurine on auditory neural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Huang
- a Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Weijing Wu
- b Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Peng Hu
- b Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China
| | - Qin Wang
- b Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China
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39
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Piao F, Aadil RM, Suleman R, Li K, Zhang M, Wu P, Shahbaz M, Ahmed Z. Ameliorative effects of taurine against diabetes: a review. Amino Acids 2018; 50:487-502. [PMID: 29492671 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diets in rats and humans have shown promising results. Taurine improved glucagon activity, promoted glycemic stability, modified glucose levels, successfully addressed hyperglycemia via advanced glycation end-product control, improved insulin secretion and had a beneficial effect on insulin resistance. Taurine treatment performed well against oxidative stress in brain, increased the secretion of required hormones and protected against neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes compared with the control. Taurine has been observed to be effective in treatments against diabetic hepatotoxicity, vascular problems and heart injury in diabetes. Taurine was shown to be effective against oxidative stress. The mechanism of action of taurine cannot be explained by one pathway, as it has many effects. Several of the pathways are the advanced glycation end-product pathway, PI3-kinase/AKT pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. The worldwide threat of diabetes underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic measures against this disorder. Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) is a natural compound that has been studied in diabetes and diabetes-induced complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Piao
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faislabad, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Suleman
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixin Li
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Mengren Zhang
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Pingan Wu
- School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bhawalpur, Pakistan
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40
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Beyer BA, Fang M, Sadrian B, Montenegro-Burke JR, Plaisted WC, Kok BPC, Saez E, Kondo T, Siuzdak G, Lairson LL. Metabolomics-based discovery of a metabolite that enhances oligodendrocyte maturation. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:22-28. [PMID: 29131145 PMCID: PMC5928791 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous metabolites play essential roles in the regulation of cellular identity and activity. Here we have investigated the process of oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation, a process that becomes limiting during progressive stages of demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis, using mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics. Levels of taurine, an aminosulfonic acid possessing pleotropic biological activities and broad tissue distribution properties, were found to be significantly elevated (∼20-fold) during the course of oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation. When added exogenously at physiologically relevant concentrations, taurine was found to dramatically enhance the processes of drug-induced in vitro OPC differentiation and maturation. Mechanism of action studies suggest that the oligodendrocyte-differentiation-enhancing activities of taurine are driven primarily by its ability to directly increase available serine pools, which serve as the initial building block required for the synthesis of the glycosphingolipid components of myelin that define the functional oligodendrocyte cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney A Beyer
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- The California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mingliang Fang
- Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Sadrian
- The California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - J Rafael Montenegro-Burke
- Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Warren C Plaisted
- The California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bernard P C Kok
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Enrique Saez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Luke L Lairson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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41
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Sun G, Wang X, Li T, Qu S, Sun J. Taurine attenuates acrylamide-induced apoptosis via a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:960327118765335. [PMID: 29607694 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118765335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a potent neurotoxic agent, acrylamide (ACR) is formed in food processing at higher temperature. Taurine (TAU), a nonessential amino acid, is used to cure neurodegenerative disorders, followed by activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. In this article, we certified that antiapoptotic efficacy of TAU in vivo and vitro. ACR-treated rats received TAU by drinking water 2 weeks after ACR intoxication. The results showed that in treated rats, TAU alleviated ACR-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was associated with the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. TAU attenuated apoptosis caused by ACR through observing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, measure of protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3 activity. TAU-induced antiapoptotic effect is PI3K/AKT-dependent, which was proved in ACR-intoxicated ventral spinal cord 4.1 cells in the presence of AKT inhibitor, MK-2206. Therefore, our results demonstrated that TAU-attenuated ACR-induced apoptosis in vivo through a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner provided new sights in the molecular mechanism of TAU protection against ACR-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sun
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - X Wang
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - T Li
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - S Qu
- 2 Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - J Sun
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
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42
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Cerebellar networks and neuropathology of cerebellar developmental disorders. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 154:109-128. [PMID: 29903435 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63956-1.00007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cerebellar system is a series of axonal projections and synaptic circuits as networks, similar to those of the limbic system and those subserving the propagation and spread of seizures. Three principal cerebellar networks are identified and cerebellar disease often affects components of the networks other than just the cerebellar cortex. Contemporary developmental neuropathology of the cerebellum is best considered in the context of alterations of developmental processes: embryonic segmentation and genetic gradients along the three axes of the neural tube, individual neuronal and glial cell differentiation, migration, synaptogenesis, and myelination. Precisely timed developmental processes may be delayed or precocious rhombencephalosynapsis and pontocerebellar hypoplasia exemplify opposite gradients in the horizontal axis. Chiari II malformation may be reconsidered as a disorder of segmentation rather than simply due to mechanical forces upon normally developing hindbrain structures. Cellular nodules in the roof of the fourth ventricle are heterotopia of histologically differentiated but architecturally disoriented and disorganized neurons and glial cells; they often are less mature immunocytochemically than similar cells in adjacent normal folia. Cell rests are nodules of undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells. Both are frequent in human fetuses and neonates. Axonal projections from heterotopia to adjacent cerebellar folia or nuclei are few or absent, hence these nodules are clinically silent despite neuronal differentiation.
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43
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Curran CP, Marczinski CA. Taurine, caffeine, and energy drinks: Reviewing the risks to the adolescent brain. Birth Defects Res 2017; 109:1640-1648. [PMID: 29251842 PMCID: PMC5737830 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Energy drinks are emerging as a major component of the beverage market with sales projected to top $60 billion globally in the next five years. Energy drinks contain a variety of ingredients, but many of the top-selling brands include high doses of caffeine and the amino acid taurine. Energy drink consumption by children has raised concerns, due to potential caffeine toxicity. An additional risk has been noted among college-aged consumers of energy drinks who appear at higher risk of over-consumption of alcohol when the two drinks are consumed together. The differential and combinatorial effects of caffeine and taurine on the developing brain are reviewed here with an emphasis on the adolescent brain, which is still maturing. Key data from animal studies are summarized to highlight both reported benefits and adverse effects reported following acute and chronic exposures. The data suggest that age is an important factor in both caffeine and taurine toxicity. Although the aged or diseased brain might benefit from taurine or caffeine supplementation, it appears that adolescents are not likely to benefit from supplementation and may, in fact, suffer ill effects from chronic ingestion of high doses. Additional work is needed though to address gaps in our understanding of how taurine affects females, since the majority of animal studies focused exclusively on male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Perdan Curran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA 41099
| | - Cecile A. Marczinski
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA 41099
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44
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Abstract
Cell metabolism is a key determinant factor for the pluripotency and fate commitment of Stem Cells (SCs) during development, ageing, pathological onset and progression. We derived and cultured selected subpopulations of rodent fetal, postnatal, adult Neural SCs (NSCs) and postnatal glial progenitors, Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs), respectively from the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the olfactory bulb (OB). Cell lysates were analyzed by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy leading to metabolites identification and quantitation. Subsequent multivariate analysis of NMR data by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) allowed data reduction and cluster analysis. This strategy ensures the definition of specific features in the metabolic content of phenotypically similar SCs sharing a common developmental origin. The metabolic fingerprints for selective metabolites or for the whole spectra demonstrated enhanced peculiarities among cell types. The key result of our work is a neat divergence between OECs and the remaining NSC cells. We also show that statistically significant differences for selective metabolites characterizes NSCs of different ages. Finally, the retrived metabolome in cell cultures correlates to the physiological SC features, thus allowing an integrated bioengineering approach for biologic fingerprints able to dissect the (neural) SC molecular specificities.
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45
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Kilb W, Fukuda A. Taurine as an Essential Neuromodulator during Perinatal Cortical Development. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:328. [PMID: 29123472 PMCID: PMC5662885 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of experimental studies demonstrated that neurotransmitters are an important factor for the development of the central nervous system, affecting neurodevelopmental events like neurogenesis, neuronal migration, programmed cell death, and differentiation. While the role of the classical neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on neuronal development is well established, the aminosulfonic acid taurine has also been considered as possible neuromodulator during early neuronal development. The purpose of the present review article is to summarize the properties of taurine as neuromodulator in detail, focusing on the direct involvement of taurine on various neurodevelopmental events and the regulation of neuronal activity during early developmental epochs. The current knowledge is that taurine lacks a synaptic release mechanism but is released by volume-sensitive organic anion channels and/or a reversal of the taurine transporter. Extracellular taurine affects neurons and neuronal progenitor cells mainly via glycine, GABA(A), and GABA(B) receptors with considerable receptor and subtype-specific affinities. Taurine has been shown to directly influence neurogenesis in vitro as well as neuronal migration in vitro and in vivo. It provides a depolarizing signal for a variety of neuronal population in the immature central nervous system, thereby directly influencing neuronal activity. While in the neocortex, taurine probably enhance neuronal activity, in the immature hippocampus, a tonic taurinergic tone might be necessary to attenuate activity. In summary, taurine must be considered as an essential modulator of neurodevelopmental events, and possible adverse consequences on fetal and/or early postnatal development should be evaluated for pharmacological therapies affecting taurinergic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Kilb
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Atsuo Fukuda
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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46
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Sun Q, Jia N, Yang J, Chen G. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Mediates the Antioxidative Effects of Taurine Against Corticosterone-Induced Cell Death in HUMAN SK-N-SH Cells. Neurochem Res 2017; 43:276-286. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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47
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Li XW, Gao HY, Liu J. The role of taurine in improving neural stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 20:409-415. [PMID: 26906683 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1152004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the central nervous system and has important functions in the promotion of brain development. This study aimed to determine the mechanistic role of taurine in improving neuronal proliferation, stem cell proliferation, and neural differentiation. METHODS The data for this review were primarily retrieved from the PubMed database from 1985 to 2015 in English. The search string included the keywords taurine, brain development, neuronal, stem cell, proliferation, differentiation, and others. Relevant publications were identified, retrieved, and reviewed. RESULTS This review introduces the source, function, and mechanisms of taurine in brain development and provides additional detail regarding the mechanistic role of taurine in improving neuronal proliferation, stem cell proliferation, and neural differentiation. Many studies concerning these aspects are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Taurine plays an important role in brain development, including neuronal proliferation, stem cell proliferation, and differentiation, via several mechanisms. Taurine can be directly used in clinical applications to improve brain development because it has no toxic effects on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Li
- a Department of Neonatology & NICU of Bayi Children's Hospital , the Army General Hospital of the Chinese PLA , Beijing 100700 , China
- b Graduate School of the Liaoning Medical College , Jinzhou City 121001 , Liaoning province , China
| | - Hong-Yan Gao
- c Department of Scientific Research , the Army General Hospital of the Chinese PLA , Beijing 100700 , China
| | - Jing Liu
- a Department of Neonatology & NICU of Bayi Children's Hospital , the Army General Hospital of the Chinese PLA , Beijing 100700 , China
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48
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Soares R, Ribeiro FF, Xapelli S, Genebra T, Ribeiro MF, Sebastião AM, Rodrigues CMP, Solá S. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Neural Stem Cell Pool, and Early Neurogenesis in Adult Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3725-3738. [PMID: 28534273 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although neurogenesis occurs in restricted regions of the adult mammalian brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) produce very few neurons during ageing or after injury. We have recently discovered that the endogenous bile acid tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a strong inhibitor of mitochondrial apoptosis and a neuroprotective in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, also enhances NSC proliferation, self-renewal, and neuronal conversion by improving mitochondrial integrity and function of NSCs. In the present study, we explore the effect of TUDCA on regulation of NSC fate in neurogenic niches, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), using rat postnatal neurospheres and adult rats exposed to the bile acid. TUDCA significantly induced NSC proliferation, self-renewal, and neural differentiation in the SVZ, without affecting DG-derived NSCs. More importantly, expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and mitochondrial antioxidant responses were significantly increased by TUDCA in SVZ-derived NSCs. Finally, intracerebroventricular administration of TUDCA in adult rats markedly enhanced both NSC proliferation and early differentiation in SVZ regions, corroborating in vitro data. Collectively, our results highlight a potential novel role for TUDCA in neurologic disorders associated with SVZ niche deterioration and impaired neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Soares
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa F Ribeiro
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Genebra
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria F Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Solá
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
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49
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Ascenzi M, Bony G. The building of the neocortex with non-hyperpolarizing neurotransmitters. Dev Neurobiol 2017; 77:1023-1037. [PMID: 28276653 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of the neocortex requires the synergic action of several secreted molecules to achieve the right amount of proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neural cells. Neurons are well known to release neurotransmitters (NTs) in adult and a growing body of evidences describes the presence of NTs already in the embryonic brain, long before the generation of synapses. NTs are classified as inhibitory or excitatory based on the physiological responses of the target neuron. However, this view is challenged by the fact that glycine and GABA NTs are excitatory during development. Many reviews have described the role of nonhyperpolarizing GABA at this stage. Nevertheless, a global consideration of the inhibitory neurotransmitters and their downstream signaling during the embryonic cortical development is still needed. For example, taurine, the most abundant neurotransmitter during development is poorly studied regarding its role during cortical development. In the light of recent discoveries, we will discuss the functions of glycine, GABA, and taurine during embryonic cortical development with an emphasis on their downstream signaling. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 1023-1037, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Bony
- INSERM U1215, NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, France
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50
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Yao X, Huang H, Li Z, Liu X, Fan W, Wang X, Sun X, Zhu J, Zhou H, Wei H. Taurine Promotes the Cartilaginous Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2344-2353. [PMID: 28397071 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Taurine has been reported to influence osteogenic differentiation, but the role of taurine on cartilaginous differentiation using human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of taurine (0, 1, 5 and 10 mM) on the proliferation and chondrogenesis of hUC-MSCs by analyzing cell proliferation, accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and expression of cartilage specific mRNA. The results show though taurine did not affected the proliferation of hUC-MSCs, 5 mM of taurine is sufficient to enhanced the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and up-regulate cartilage specific mRNA expression, namely collagen type II, aggrecan and SOX9. Taurine also inhibits chondrocyte dedifferentiation by reducing expression of collagen type I mRNA. Taken together, our study reveals that taurine promotes and maintains the chondrogenesis of hUC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6, JiZhao Road, Hexi district, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6, JiZhao Road, Hexi district, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhou Li
- NewScen Coast Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 65 sixth Ave., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Arthro-Anda Tianjin Biologic Technology Co., Ltd., 2F Building No. 2, Tian Bao Industrial Park, Xi Qi Road, Tianjin Airport Industrial Park, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6, JiZhao Road, Hexi district, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Departement of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6, JiZhao Road, Hexi district, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Sun
- Arthro-Anda Tianjin Biologic Technology Co., Ltd., 2F Building No. 2, Tian Bao Industrial Park, Xi Qi Road, Tianjin Airport Industrial Park, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Zhu
- Arthro-Anda Tianjin Biologic Technology Co., Ltd., 2F Building No. 2, Tian Bao Industrial Park, Xi Qi Road, Tianjin Airport Industrial Park, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Zhou
- NewScen Coast Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 65 sixth Ave., TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaying Wei
- Arthro-Anda Tianjin Biologic Technology Co., Ltd., 2F Building No. 2, Tian Bao Industrial Park, Xi Qi Road, Tianjin Airport Industrial Park, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
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