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Rueda GH, Causada-Calo N, Borojevic R, Nardelli A, Pinto-Sanchez MI, Constante M, Libertucci J, Mohan V, Langella P, Loonen LMP, Wells JM, Collins SM, Sokol H, Verdu EF, Bercik P. Oral tryptophan activates duodenal aryl hydrocarbon receptor in healthy subjects: a crossover randomized controlled trial. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G687-G696. [PMID: 38591144 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00306.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid transformed by host and gut microbial enzymes into metabolites that regulate mucosal homeostasis through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation. Alteration of tryptophan metabolism has been associated with chronic inflammation; however, whether tryptophan supplementation affects the metabolite repertoire and AhR activation under physiological conditions in humans is unknown. We performed a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 20 healthy volunteers. Subjects on a low tryptophan background diet were randomly assigned to a 3-wk l-tryptophan supplementation (3 g/day) or placebo, and after a 2-wk washout switched to opposite interventions. We assessed gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms by validated questionnaires, AhR activation by cell reporter assay, tryptophan metabolites by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry, cytokine production in isolated monocytes by ELISA, and microbiota profile by 16S rRNA Illumina technique. Oral tryptophan supplementation was well tolerated, with no changes in gastrointestinal or psychological scores. Compared with placebo, tryptophan increased AhR activation capacity by duodenal contents, but not by feces. This was paralleled by higher urinary and plasma kynurenine metabolites and indoles. Tryptophan had a modest impact on fecal microbiome profiles and no significant effect on cytokine production. At the doses used in this study, oral tryptophan supplementation in humans induces microbial indole and host kynurenine metabolic pathways in the small intestine, known to be immunomodulatory. The results should prompt tryptophan intervention strategies in inflammatory conditions of the small intestine where the AhR pathway is impaired.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that in healthy subjects, orally administered tryptophan activates microbial indole and host kynurenine pathways in the small intestine, the primary metabolic site for dietary components, and the richest source of immune cells along the gut. This study provides novel insights in how to optimally activate immunomodulatory AhR pathways and indole metabolism in the small intestine, serving as basis for future therapeutic trials using l-tryptophan supplementation in chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston H Rueda
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalia Causada-Calo
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rajka Borojevic
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Nardelli
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Constante
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josie Libertucci
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vidhyalakshmi Mohan
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Linda M P Loonen
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen M Collins
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harry Sokol
- Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, INSERM UMRS-938, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Elena F Verdu
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Rosmarinus officinalis L. Leaf Extracts and Their Metabolites Inhibit the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation In Vitro and in Human Keratinocytes: Potential Impact on Inflammatory Skin Diseases and Skin Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082499. [PMID: 35458697 PMCID: PMC9029298 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation by environmental agents and microbial metabolites is potentially implicated in a series of skin diseases. Hence, it would be very important to identify natural compounds that could inhibit the AhR activation by ligands of microbial origin as 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), indirubin (IND) and pityriazepin (PZ) or the prototype ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Five different dry Rosmarinus officinalis L. extracts (ROEs) were assayed for their activities as antagonists of AhR ligand binding with guinea pig cytosol in the presence of [3H]TCDD. The methanolic ROE was further assayed towards CYP1A1 mRNA induction using RT-PCR in human keratinocytes against TCDD, FICZ, PZ, and IND. The isolated metabolites, carnosic acid, carnosol, 7-O-methyl-epi-rosmanol, 4′,7-O-dimethylapigenin, and betulinic acid, were assayed for their agonist and antagonist activity in the presence and absence of TCDD using the gel retardation assay (GRA). All assayed ROE extracts showed similar dose-dependent activities with almost complete inhibition of AhR activation by TCDD at 100 ppm. The methanol ROE at 10 ppm showed 99%, 50%, 90%, and 85% inhibition against TCDD, FICZ, IND, and PZ, respectively, in human keratinocytes. Most assayed metabolites exhibited dose-dependent antagonist activity. ROEs inhibit AhR activation by TCDD and by the Malassezia metabolites FICZ, PZ, and IND. Hence, ROE could be useful for the prevention or treatment of skin diseases mediated by activation of AhR.
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Jain R, Jain A, Jain S, Thakur SS, Jain SK. Linking bisphenol potential with deleterious effect on immune system: a review. THE NUCLEUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Black GP, He G, Denison MS, Young TM. Using Estrogenic Activity and Nontargeted Chemical Analysis to Identify Contaminants in Sewage Sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6729-6739. [PMID: 33909413 PMCID: PMC8378343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diverse organic compounds, many derived from consumer products, are found in sewage sludge worldwide. Understanding which of these poses the most significant environmental threat following land application can be investigated through a variety of predictive and cell-based toxicological techniques. Nontargeted analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry with predictive estrogenic activity modeling was performed on sewage sludge samples from 12 wastewater treatment plants in California. Diisobutyl phthalate and dextrorphan were predicted to exhibit estrogenic activity and identified in >75% of sludge samples, signifying their universal presence and persistence. Additionally, the application of an estrogen-responsive cell bioassay revealed reductions in agonistic activity during mesophilic and thermophilic treatment but significant increases in antagonism during thermophilic treatment, which warrants further research. Ten nontarget features were identified (metoprolol, fenofibric acid, erythrohydrobupropion, oleic acid, mestranol, 4'-chlorobiphenyl-2,3-diol, medrysone, scillarenin, sudan I, and N,O-didesmethyltramadol) in treatment set samples and are considered to have influenced the in vitro estrogenic activity observed. The combination of predictive and in vitro estrogenicity with nontargeted analysis has led to confirmation of 12 estrogen-active contaminants in California sewage sludge and has highlighted the importance of evaluating both agonistic and antagonistic responses when evaluating the bioactivity of complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle P. Black
- Agricultural & Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California, Davis
| | - Guochun He
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | | | - Thomas M. Young
- Agricultural & Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California, Davis
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis
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5
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Mo Y, Lu Z, Wang L, Ji C, Zou C, Liu X. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Chronic Kidney Disease: Friend or Foe? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:589752. [PMID: 33415104 PMCID: PMC7784643 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes cell responses to small molecules derived from the diet, microorganisms, metabolism and pollutants. The AhR signal regulates many basic cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Many studies have shown that AhR is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. This article reviews the current knowledge about the role of AhR in CKD, showing that AhR mediates CKD complications, including cardiovascular disease, anemia, bone disorders, cognitive dysfunction and malnutrition, and that it influences drug metabolism in individuals with CKD. AhR enhances the intestinal barrier function to reduce the harmful effects of uremic toxins. Therefore, understanding the complex roles of AhR during CKD is important to be able to target this transcription factor safely and effectively for CKD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenan Mo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlan Ji
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Roy MA, Sant KE, Venezia OL, Shipman AB, McCormick SD, Saktrakulkla P, Hornbuckle KC, Timme-Laragy AR. The emerging contaminant 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) impedes Ahr activation and Cyp1a activity to modify embryotoxicity of Ahr ligands in the zebrafish embryo model (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113027. [PMID: 31421573 PMCID: PMC7027435 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) is an emerging PCB congener widely detected in environmental samples and human serum, but its toxicity potential is poorly understood. We assessed the effects of three concentrations of PCB-11 on embryotoxicity and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) pathway interactions in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). Wildtype AB or transgenic Tg(gut:GFP) strain zebrafish embryos were exposed to static concentrations of PCB-11 (0, 0.2, 2, or 20 μM) from 24 to 96 h post fertilization (hpf), and gross morphology, Cytochrome P4501a (Cyp1a) activity, and liver development were assessed via microscopy. Ahr interactions were probed via co-exposures with PCB-126 or beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). Embryos exposed to 20 μM PCB-11 were also collected for PCB-11 body burden, qRT-PCR, RNAseq, and histology. Zebrafish exposed to 20 μM PCB-11 absorbed 0.18% PCB-11 per embryo at 28 hpf and 0.61% by 96 hpf, and their media retained 1.36% PCB-11 at 28 hpf and 0.84% at 96 hpf. This concentration did not affect gross morphology, but altered the transcription of xenobiotic metabolism and liver development genes, impeded liver development, and increased hepatocyte vacuole formation. In co-exposures, 20 μM PCB-11 prevented deformities caused by PCB-126 but exacerbated deformities in co-exposures with BNF. This study suggests that PCB-11 can affect liver development, act as a partial agonist/antagonist of the Ahr pathway, and act as an antagonist of Cyp1a activity to modify the toxicity of compounds that interact with the Ahr pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Roy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Biotechnology Training Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Karilyn E Sant
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Olivia L Venezia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alix B Shipman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Stephen D McCormick
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, Turners Falls, MA 01376, USA
| | - Panithi Saktrakulkla
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Keri C Hornbuckle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Alicia R Timme-Laragy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Völker J, Stapf M, Miehe U, Wagner M. Systematic Review of Toxicity Removal by Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies via Ozonation and Activated Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7215-7233. [PMID: 31120742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Upgrading wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with advanced technologies is one key strategy to reduce micropollutant emissions. Given the complex chemical composition of wastewater, toxicity removal is an integral parameter to assess the performance of WWTPs. Thus, the goal of this systematic review is to evaluate how effectively ozonation and activated carbon remove in vitro and in vivo toxicity. Out of 2464 publications, we extracted 46 relevant studies conducted at 22 pilot or full-scale WWTPs. We performed a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of in vitro (100 assays) and in vivo data (20 species), respectively. Data is more abundant on ozonation (573 data points) than on an activated carbon treatment (162 data points), and certain in vitro end points (especially estrogenicity) and in vivo models (e.g., daphnids) dominate. The literature shows that while a conventional treatment effectively reduces toxicity, residual effects in the effluents may represent a risk to the receiving ecosystem on the basis of effect-based trigger values. In general, an upgrade to ozonation or activated carbon treatment will significantly increase toxicity removal with similar performance. Nevertheless, ozonation generates toxic transformation products that can be removed by a post-treatment. By assessing the growing body of effect-based studies, we identify sensitive and underrepresented end points and species and provide guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Völker
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
| | - Michael Stapf
- Berlin Centre of Competence for Water (KWB) , Berlin 10709 , Germany
| | - Ulf Miehe
- Berlin Centre of Competence for Water (KWB) , Berlin 10709 , Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Trondheim 7491 , Norway
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Tarnow P, Tralau T, Luch A. Chemical activation of estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathways and their interaction in toxicology and metabolism. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:219-229. [PMID: 30644759 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1569627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Estrogen receptors (ERs) and the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in many physiological processes. With both receptors binding a broad range of natural and anthropogenic ligands, they are molecular targets for many substances, raising concerns for possible health effects. Areas covered: This review shall give a brief overview on the physiological functions of both receptors including their underlying molecular mechanisms. It summarizes the interaction of the respective signaling pathways including impacts on metabolism of endogenous estrogens, transcriptional interference, inhibitory crosstalk, and proteasomal degradation. Also addressed are the AHR dependent formation of estrogenic metabolites from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the possible impact of the ER/AHR crosstalk in the context of drug metabolism. Expert opinion: Despite decade-long research, the physiological role of the AHR and ER as well as the implications of their complex mutual crosstalk remain to be determined as do resulting potential impacts on human health. With more and more endogenous AHR ligands being discovered, future research should hence systematically address the potential impact of such substances on estrogen signaling. The intimate link between these two pathways and the genes regulated therein bears the potential for impacts on drug metabolism and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Tarnow
- a Department of Chemical & Product Safety , German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) , Berlin , Germany
| | - Tewes Tralau
- a Department of Chemical & Product Safety , German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) , Berlin , Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- a Department of Chemical & Product Safety , German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) , Berlin , Germany
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Miani M, Le Naour J, Waeckel-Enée E, Verma SC, Straube M, Emond P, Ryffel B, van Endert P, Sokol H, Diana J. Gut Microbiota-Stimulated Innate Lymphoid Cells Support β-Defensin 14 Expression in Pancreatic Endocrine Cells, Preventing Autoimmune Diabetes. Cell Metab 2018; 28:557-572.e6. [PMID: 30017352 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is essential for the normal function of the gut immune system, and microbiota alterations are associated with autoimmune disorders. However, how the gut microbiota prevents autoimmunity in distant organs remains poorly defined. Here we reveal that gut microbiota conditioned innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) induce the expression of mouse β-defensin 14 (mBD14) by pancreatic endocrine cells, preventing autoimmune diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. MBD14 stimulates, via Toll-like receptor 2, interleukin-4 (IL-4)-secreting B cells that induce regulatory macrophages, which in turn induce protective regulatory T cells. The gut microbiota-derived molecules, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands and butyrate, promote IL-22 secretion by pancreatic ILCs, which induce expression of mBD14 by endocrine cells. Dysbiotic microbiota and low-affinity AHR allele explain the defective pancreatic expression of mBD14 observed in NOD mice. Our study reveals a yet unidentified crosstalk between ILCs and endocrine cells in the pancreas that is essential for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Miani
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Julie Le Naour
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Waeckel-Enée
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Subash Chand Verma
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marjolène Straube
- Sorbonne Universités, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (APHP) Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, Service de Médecine Nucléaire In Vitro, Tours, France
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355 CNRS-University of Orleans, 3B, Orleans, France; IDM, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter van Endert
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Universités, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (APHP) Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France; Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Julien Diana
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.
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10
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Tarnow P, Bross S, Wollenberg L, Nakajima Y, Ohmiya Y, Tralau T, Luch A. A Novel Dual-Color Luciferase Reporter Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Estrogen and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1436-1447. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Tarnow
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department
of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffi Bross
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department
of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Wollenberg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department
of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health
Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohmiya
- DAILAB,
Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tewes Tralau
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department
of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department
of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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Molcan T, Swigonska S, Orlowska K, Myszczynski K, Nynca A, Sadowska A, Ruszkowska M, Jastrzebski JP, Ciereszko RE. Structural-functional adaptations of porcine CYP1A1 to metabolize polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:205-216. [PMID: 27783961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) are widespread by-products of human industrial activity. They accumulate in tissues of animals and humans, exerting numerous adverse effects on different systems. In living organisms, dioxins are metabolized by enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family, including CYP1A1. Particular dioxin congeners differ in their toxicity level and ability to undergo biodegradation. Since the molecular mechanisms underlying dioxin susceptibility or resistance to biodegradation are unknown, in the present study the molecular interactions between five selected dioxins and porcine CYP1A1 protein were investigated. It was found that the ability of a dioxin to undergo CYP1A1-mediated degradation is associated mainly with the number and position of chlorine atoms in the dioxin molecule. Among all examined congeners, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) demonstrated the highest affinity to CYP1A1 and, at the same time, the greatest distance to the active site of the enzyme. Interestingly, in contrast to other dioxins, the binding of the TCDD molecule to the porcine CYP1A1 active site resulted in a rapid and continuous closure of substrate channels. All the information may help to explain the extended half-life of TCDD in living organisms as well as its high toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczynski
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sadowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Ruszkowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Pawel Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E Ciereszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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Mahiout S, Pohjanvirta R. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists trigger avoidance of novel food in rats. Physiol Behav 2016; 167:49-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Völker J, Castronovo S, Wick A, Ternes TA, Joss A, Oehlmann J, Wagner M. Advancing Biological Wastewater Treatment: Extended Anaerobic Conditions Enhance the Removal of Endocrine and Dioxin-like Activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10606-10615. [PMID: 26848848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional activated sludge treatment of wastewater does not completely remove micropollutants. Here, extending anaerobic conditions may enhance biodegradation. To explore this, we combined iron-reducing or substrate-limiting and aerobic pilot-scale reactors directly at a wastewater treatment plant. To assess the removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) as group of micropollutants that adversely affects wildlife, we applied a bioanalytical approach. We used in vitro bioassays covering seven receptor-mediated mechanisms of action, including (anti)androgenicity, (anti)estrogenicity, retinoid-like, and dioxin-like activity. Untreated wastewater induced antiandrogenic, estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and retinoid-like activity. Full-scale as well as reactor-scale activated sludge treatment effectively removes the observed effects. Nevertheless, high antiandrogenic and minor dioxin-like and estrogenic effects persisted in the treated effluent that may still be environmentally relevant. The anaerobic post-treatment under substrate-limiting conditions resulted in an additional removal of endocrine activities by 17-40%. The anaerobic pre-treatment under iron-reducing conditions significantly enhanced the removal of the residual effects by 40-75%. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a further optimization of biological wastewater treatment is possible. Here, implementing iron-reducing anaerobic conditions preceding aerobic treatment appears promising to improve the removal of receptor-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Völker
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandro Castronovo
- Federal Institute of Hydrology , Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology , Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology , Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Adriano Joss
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Goethe University Frankfurt am Main , Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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14
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Lamas B, Richard ML, Leducq V, Pham HP, Michel ML, Da Costa G, Bridonneau C, Jegou S, Hoffmann TW, Natividad JM, Brot L, Taleb S, Couturier-Maillard A, Nion-Larmurier I, Merabtene F, Seksik P, Bourrier A, Cosnes J, Ryffel B, Beaugerie L, Launay JM, Langella P, Xavier RJ, Sokol H. CARD9 impacts colitis by altering gut microbiota metabolism of tryptophan into aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. Nat Med 2016; 22:598-605. [PMID: 27158904 PMCID: PMC5087285 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 916] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Complex interactions between the host and the gut microbiota govern intestinal homeostasis but remain poorly understood. Here we reveal a relationship between gut microbiota and caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9), a susceptibility gene for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that functions in the immune response against microorganisms. CARD9 promotes recovery from colitis by promoting interleukin (IL)-22 production, and Card9(-/-) mice are more susceptible to colitis. The microbiota is altered in Card9(-/-) mice, and transfer of the microbiota from Card9(-/-) to wild-type, germ-free recipients increases their susceptibility to colitis. The microbiota from Card9(-/-) mice fails to metabolize tryptophan into metabolites that act as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands. Intestinal inflammation is attenuated after inoculation of mice with three Lactobacillus strains capable of metabolizing tryptophan or by treatment with an AHR agonist. Reduced production of AHR ligands is also observed in the microbiota from individuals with IBD, particularly in those with CARD9 risk alleles associated with IBD. Our findings reveal that host genes affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota, altering the production of microbial metabolites and intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lamas
- Sorbonne University-Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de BioMolécules (LBM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Antoine 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Mathias L Richard
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Valentin Leducq
- Sorbonne University-Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de BioMolécules (LBM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Antoine 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Hang-Phuong Pham
- ILTOO Pharma, Incubateur et Pépinière d'Entreprises Paris-Salpêtrière, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Michel
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Gregory Da Costa
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Chantal Bridonneau
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Sarah Jegou
- Sorbonne University-Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de BioMolécules (LBM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Antoine 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Thomas W Hoffmann
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Jane M Natividad
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Loic Brot
- Sorbonne University-Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de BioMolécules (LBM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Antoine 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Soraya Taleb
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Couturier-Maillard
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355 CNRS-University of Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Isabelle Nion-Larmurier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Fatiha Merabtene
- INSERM, UMR S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Plateforme Morphologie du Petit Animal, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Seksik
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Anne Bourrier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Cosnes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, UMR 7355 CNRS-University of Orleans, Orleans, France
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Laurent Beaugerie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Launay
- INSERM, UMR S942, Department of Biochemistry, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre for Biological Resources BB-0033-00064, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne University-Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Equipe de Recherche Labélisée (ERL) 1157, Avenir Team Gut Microbiota and Immunity, Paris, France
- Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7203, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de BioMolécules (LBM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Saint-Antoine 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UPMC, Paris, France
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15
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Amakura Y, Tsutsumi T, Yoshimura M, Nakamura M, Handa H, Matsuda R, Teshima R, Watanabe T. Detection of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation by Some Chemicals in Food Using a Reporter Gene Assay. Foods 2016; 5:E15. [PMID: 28231110 PMCID: PMC5224577 DOI: 10.3390/foods5010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether a simple bioassay used for the detection of dioxins (DXNs) could be applied to detect trace amounts of harmful DXN-like substances in food products. To identify substances with possible DXN-like activity, we assessed the ability of various compounds in the environment to bind the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) that binds specifically to DXNs. The compounds tested included 19 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 PAH derivatives (nitrated, halogenated, and aminated derivatives), 23 pesticides, six amino acids, and eight amino acid metabolites. The AhR binding activities (AhR activity) of these compounds were measured using the chemical activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) reporter gene assay system. The majority of the PAHs exhibited marked AhR activity that increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, there was a positive link between AhR activity and the number of aromatic rings in the PAH derivatives. Conversely, there appeared to be a negative correlation between AhR activity and the number of chlorine residues present on halogenated PAH derivatives. However, there was no correlation between AhR activity and the number and position of substituents among nitrated and aminated derivatives. Among the pesticides tested, the indole-type compounds carbendazim and thiabendazole showed high levels of activity. Similarly, the indole compound tryptamine was the only amino acid metabolite to induce AhR activity. The results are useful in understanding the identification and characterization of AhR ligands in the CALUX assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Amakura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Tsutsumi
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | | | - Hiroshi Handa
- Hiyoshi Corporation, Omihachiman, Shiga 523-8555, Japan.
| | - Rieko Matsuda
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Reiko Teshima
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Watanabe
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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16
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Smirnova A, Wincent E, Vikström Bergander L, Alsberg T, Bergman J, Rannug A, Rannug U. Evidence for New Light-Independent Pathways for Generation of the Endogenous Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist FICZ. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 29:75-86. [PMID: 26686552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a conserved transcription factor best known as a target for highly toxic halogenated substances such as dioxin, under normal xenobiotic-free conditions is of considerable scientific interest. We have demonstrated previously that a photoproduct of tryptophan, 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), fulfills the criteria for an endogenous ligand for this receptor and proposed that this compound is the enigmatic mediator of the physiological functions of AhR. Here, we describe novel light-independent pathways by which FICZ can be formed. The oxidant H2O2 was shown to convert tryptophan to FICZ on its own in the absence of light. The enzymatic deamination of tryptamine yielded indole-3-acetaldehyde (I3A), which then rearranged to FICZ and its oxidation product, indolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carboxylic acid (CICZ). Indole-3-pyruvate (I3P) also produced I3A, FICZ, and CICZ. Malassezia yeast species, which constitute a part of the normal skin microbiota, produce a number of AhR activators from tryptophan. We identified both FICZ and CICZ among those products. Formation of FICZ from tryptophan or I3P produces a complex mixture of indole derivatives, some of which are CYP1A1 inhibitors. These can hinder the cellular clearance of FICZ and thereby increase its power as an AhR agonist. We present a general molecular mechanism involving dehydrogenations and oxidative coupling for the formation of FICZ in which I3A is the important precursor. In conclusion, our results suggest that FICZ is likely to be formed systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Wincent
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jan Bergman
- Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet , SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Agneta Rannug
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Wu Y, Chen X, Chang X, Huang YJ, Bao S, He Q, Li Y, Zheng J, Duan T, Wang K. Potential involvement of placental AhR in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 59:45-52. [PMID: 26593447 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a common complication of pregnancy. Recent studies have demonstrated that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) might play important roles in establishing and maintaining early pregnancy. In this study, we found that placental AhR protein levels were significantly lower and placental CYP1A1 mRNA levels were higher in unexplained RSA (URSA) patients than in control subjects. The results of immunohistochemical analyzes showed that placental AhR was expressed in syncytiotrophoblast cells and that the level of AhR was markedly lower in these cells in URSA subjects than in control subjects. β-Naphthoflavone (β-NF, an AhR ligand) at 5μM significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in HTR-8/SVneo cells and was associated with the activation of AhR. Moreover, overexpressing AhR in JAR cells significantly increased CYP1A1 mRNA levels and inhibited cell migration. These results indicate that AhR is highly activated in URSA placentas and that the activation of AhR in the placenta might impair trophoblast cell proliferation and migration, possibly leading to the occurrence of URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - X Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - X Chang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - Y J Huang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - S Bao
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - Q He
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Ob./Gyn., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715 USA
| | - J Zheng
- Department of Ob./Gyn., University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715 USA
| | - T Duan
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China; Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China.
| | - K Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040 PR China.
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18
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Brennan JC, He G, Tsutsumi T, Zhao J, Wirth E, Fulton MH, Denison MS. Development of Species-Specific Ah Receptor-Responsive Third Generation CALUX Cell Lines with Enhanced Responsiveness and Improved Detection Limits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:11903-12. [PMID: 26366531 PMCID: PMC4772899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The Ah receptor (AhR)-responsive CALUX (chemically activated luciferase expression) cell bioassay is commonly used for rapid screening of samples for the presence of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin), dioxin-like compounds, and AhR agonists/antagonists. By increasing the number of AhR DNA recognition sites (dioxin responsive elements), we previously generated a novel third generation (G3) recombinant AhR-responsive mouse CALUX cell line (H1L7.5c3) with a significantly enhanced response to DLCs compared to existing AhR-CALUX cell bioassays. However, the elevated background luciferase activity of these cells and the absence of comparable G3 cell lines derived from other species have limited their utility for screening purposes. Here, we describe the development and characterization of species-specific G3 recombinant AhR-responsive CALUX cell lines (rat, human, and guinea pig) that exhibit significantly improved limit of detection and dramatically increased TCDD induction response. The low background luciferase activity, low minimal detection limit (0.1 pM TCDD) and enhanced induction response of the rat G3 cell line (H4L7.5c2) over the H1L7.5c3 mouse G3 cells, identifies them as a more optimal cell line for screening purposes. The utility of the new G3 CALUX cell lines were demonstrated by screening sediment extracts and a small chemical compound library for the presence of AhR agonists. The improved limit of detection and increased response of these new G3 CALUX cell lines will facilitate species-specific analysis of DLCs and AhR agonists in samples with low levels of contamination and/or in small sample volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Brennan
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Meyer Hall, University of California, Davis California 95616, United States
| | - Guochun He
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Meyer Hall, University of California, Davis California 95616, United States
| | - Tomoaki Tsutsumi
- Division of Foods, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Meyer Hall, University of California, Davis California 95616, United States
| | - Ed Wirth
- Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, USDOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Michael H. Fulton
- Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, USDOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, United States
| | - Michael S. Denison
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Meyer Hall, University of California, Davis California 95616, United States
- Corresponding Author: To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Environmental Toxicology, Meyer Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Tel: 530-752-3879; Fax: 530-752-3394;
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19
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Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is best known for mediating the toxicity and tumour-promoting properties of the carcinogen 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, commonly referred to as ‘dioxin’. AHR influences the major stages of tumorigenesis — initiation, promotion, progression and metastasis — and physiologically relevant AHR ligands are often formed during disease states or during heightened innate and adaptive immune responses. Interestingly, ligand specificity and affinity vary between rodents and humans. Studies of aggressive tumours and tumour cell lines show increased levels of AHR and constitutive localization of this receptor in the nucleus. This suggests that the AHR is chronically activated in tumours, thus facilitating tumour progression. This Review discusses the role of AHR in tumorigenesis and the potential for therapeutic modulation of its activity in tumours.
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