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Meher T, Sahoo H. Secular trend in age at menarche among Indian women. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5398. [PMID: 38443461 PMCID: PMC10914750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Age at menarche is not only a parameter that signifies biological characteristics for women but is also considered as an indicator to measure the quality of life of a population. Moreover, menarche has significant implications on women's health and information about menarcheal age is crucial for health policymakers. However, little is known about the trends in menarcheal age in India. Thus, in order to fill this research gap, the present study aimed to explore the age at menarche, its trend and regional heterogeneity among Indian women. A birth cohort approach was used by polling data from the 1st (1992-93), 4th (2015-16) and 5th (2019-21) rounds of NFHS. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were performed to present the distribution of age at menarche and mean age at menarche across birth cohorts and each category of covariates. A multiple linear regression model was fitted to examine the trend in age at menarche and further to investigate the association of covariates with menarcheal age among Indian women. The analysis demonstrated that a majority of women (66.2%) attained menarche between the ages of 13-14 years. Moreover, about 17.2% of women experienced an early age at menarche, whereas 16.7% of women had a late age at menarche. The mean age at menarche for the sampled women was 13.49 years. The analysis also observed a secular declining trend in menarcheal age among Indian women and a significant variation in the mean age at menarche across birth cohorts. It also highlighted significant socio-economic patterning in menarcheal age among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Meher
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - Harihar Sahoo
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Witkam WCAM, Dal Belo SE, Pourhamidi S, Raynaud E, Moreau M, Aguilar L, Jansen PW, Nijsten TEC, Pardo LM. The epidemiology of acne vulgaris in a multiethnic adolescent population from Rotterdam, the Netherlands: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:552-560. [PMID: 37967670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although acne is a prevalent multifactorial inflammatory skin condition, few studies were performed in multiethnic populations. OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence and determinants of acne in a multiethnic study at the start of puberty. METHODS This cross-sectional study is embedded in Generation R, a population-based prospective study from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Three-dimensional facial photos at the center visit in 2016-2019 (of ∼13-year-olds) were used to grade acne severity using the Global Evaluation of the Acne Severity (GEA). Analyses were stratified by biological sex and explored through chi-square tests and multivariable ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 4561 children (51% girls) with a median age of 13.5 (IQR 13.3-13.6) were included. The visible acne prevalence (GEA 2-5) for girls vs boys was 62% vs 45% and moderate-to-severe acne (GEA 3-5) 14% vs 9%. Higher puberty stages (adjusted odds ratios: 1.38 [1.20-1.59] and 2.16 [1.86-2.51] for girls and boys, respectively) and darker skin colors V and VI (adjusted odds ratios: 1.90 [1.17-3.08] and 2.43 [1.67-3.56]) were associated with more severe acne in both sexes, and being overweight in boys (adjusted odds ratio: 1.58 [1.15-2.17]). LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Acne prevalence was high at the age of 13 years and was associated with advanced puberty, darker skin color, and weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn C A M Witkam
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. https://twitter.com/WitkamWillemijn
| | | | | | | | - Magali Moreau
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Luc Aguilar
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar E C Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Mörö S, Kosola S, Holopainen E. Girls referred for amenorrhea: analysis of a patient series from a specialist center. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1304277. [PMID: 38435281 PMCID: PMC10906086 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1304277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Among adolescents, amenorrhea is a common reason for medical consultation. Despite the variety of underlying etiologies, the prevalence of the causes is incompletely understood. This study aimed to assess the demographic and etiological factors among patients with amenorrhea treated in a single specialist unit of adolescent gynecology. Design Retrospective register study. Methods Medical records of 438 girls evaluated for primary or secondary amenorrhea in a single tertiary care center between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. In all, 423 patients-171 with primary amenorrhea and 252 with secondary amenorrhea-were included in the study. Data on underlying conditions, anthropometric variables, and selected hormonal markers were analyzed. Results Functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was the most frequent reason for primary (56%) and secondary (78%) amenorrhea. It was mostly explained by lifestyle-related functional hypothalamic amenorrhea caused by disordered eating, intense exercise, energy deficiency, psychological stress, and their combinations. Conclusion Menstrual pattern is a significant indicator of overall health and well-being among adolescent girls and young women. Functional reasons behind primary and secondary amenorrhea are important to recognize. Treatment often requires long-term lifestyle modifications. The frequency of functional causes also implies that most amenorrhea cases are preventable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mörö
- Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Silja Kosola
- Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovations, Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland
| | - Elina Holopainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Iwase M, Taniyama Y, Koyanagi YN, Kasugai Y, Oze I, Masuda N, Ito H, Matsuo K. A Century of Change: Unraveling the Impact of Socioeconomic/Historical Milestones on Age at Menarche and Other Female Reproductive Factors in Japan. J Epidemiol 2024:JE20230155. [PMID: 38191181 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20230155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive factors such as age at menarche are known to be associated with disease risk, but data on trends in these factors in Japan are limited. In this study, we investigated secular trends in reproductive factors and explored their potential association with socioeconomic and historical events. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 62,005 Japanese women born between 1890 and 1991 using a survey conducted over 25 years. Trends in reproductive factors were analyzed using linear and joinpoint regression models, and their associations with major historical events involving Japan were evaluated. RESULTS We found that the age at menarche showed a significant downward trend (P-value<0.001) over the century. Three joinpoints were identified, in 1932 (15.23 years old), 1946 (13.48 years old), and 1959 (12.71 years old), which indicated that average age at menarche decreased by approximately 0.8% per year between 1932 and 1946, and then by 0.4% per year between 1946 and 1959, both of which were statistically significant. However, after 1959, age of menarche remained stable. Analyses of other reproductive factors found significant changes, including a decrease in parity and the number of babies breastfed, and an increase in age at first birth. CONCLUSION Age at menarche showed a long-term downward trend in Japan, with significant change points in annual percent change. Other factors showed secular changes in trends as well. These change points were observed at the same time as historical events, namely wars and economic development, suggesting that socioeconomic and environmental changes at the population level affect reproductive factors in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Iwase
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital
| | - Yukari Taniyama
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center
| | | | - Yumiko Kasugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center
| | - Norikazu Masuda
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center
- Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Rodrigues V, Martins R, de Sousa B. Spatio-temporal trends of the age-at-menarche percentiles among Portuguese women since 1920. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:476. [PMID: 37679702 PMCID: PMC10486027 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aims to study the spatio-temporal evolution of a woman's age at menarche in the central region of Portugal. One of the concerns of the study is early or late menarches; thus, we consider percentile regression to build the respective curves as opposed to the more traditional mean regression approach. METHODS We analysed the data from [Formula: see text] women born in the period 1920-1973 who attended a free breast cancer screening program between 1990 and 2019. Distributional regression models inside the package GAMLSS in R were considered. These methods allowed us not only to model the location (mean) of the specific probability distribution of the age at menarche, but also allowed for the scale (variance) parameter of this distribution to depend on covariates. Additionally, a spatial random-effect was considered in order to capture the correlation at the regional level. The obtained clustered spatial effects were analysed to assess geographical differences among the percentiles of the age at menarche by year of birth. RESULTS A decreasing trend in the age at menarche (about 1.5 years in 5 decades) and regional differences for all the considered percentiles were found. Women living in the north-central areas of the central region of Portugal tend to have menarche at older ages. CONCLUSION We obtained percentile estimates for the age at menarche by year of birth and region of residence and demonstrated that these two explanatory variables have an impact on the explanation about the decreasing trend in age at a woman's first menstruation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro, Núcleo Regional do Centro, Rua Dr. António José de Almeida, 329 - piso 2 - Sala 56, 3000-045, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Martins
- Departamento de Estatística e Investigação Operacional, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa (CEAUL), Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Bruno de Sousa
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences (FPCE); Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Nyati LH, Norris SA, Micklesfield LK, Adair LS, Fall C, Lee NR, Martorell R, Osmond C, Richter LM, Sachdev HS, Horta B, Stein AD. Growth in Infancy and Childhood and Age at Menarche in Five Low- or Middle-Income Countries: Consortium of Health Orientated Research in Transitional Societies (COHORTS). J Nutr 2023; 153:2736-2743. [PMID: 37451558 PMCID: PMC10517227 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Earlier age at menarche is associated with behavioral and noncommunicable disease risks. The influence of birth weight (BW) (intrauterine) and postnatal growth on age at menarche is not well studied in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVE Therefore, we investigated these associations in 5 LMIC birth cohorts. METHODS We analyzed data from Brazil, Guatemala, India, the Philippines, and South Africa (n = 3983). We derived stunting (< -2 SD scores) at 24 mo using the WHO child growth standards. We generated interaction terms with categorized BW and conditional weight (lighter < 0 or heavier ≥ 0), and height (shorter < 0 or taller ≥ 0) z-scores. We categorized early-, modal-, and late-onset menarche and used multilevel ordinal regression. We used multilevel linear regression on continuous age at menarche. RESULTS Mean age at menarche was 12.8 y (95% CI: 12.7 12.9). BW was not associated with age at menarche. Conditional height at 24 mo and mid-childhood (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.44 and 1.32; 1.25, 1.41, respectively) and conditional weight at 24 mo and mid-childhood (OR: 1.15; 1.08, 1.22 and 1.18; 1.11, 1.25, respectively) were associated with increased likelihood of early-onset menarche. Being heavier at birth and taller at 24 mo was associated with a 4-mo (95% CI: 0.8, 7.6) earlier age at menarche than being lighter at birth and shorter at 24 mo. Being heavier at birth but lighter in mid-childhood was associated with a 3-mo (95% CI: 0.8, 4.8) later age at menarche than being lighter at birth and mid-childhood. Age at menarche was 7 mo later in stunted than nonstunted girls. CONCLUSION Age at menarche is inversely related to relative weight gain but also to rapid linear growth among those born shorter but remained stunted, and those born taller and grew excessively. These findings do not deter the global health goal to reduce growth faltering but emphasize the potential adverse effects of an obesogenic environment on adolescent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukhanyo H Nyati
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Interprofessional Education Unit, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shane A Norris
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Human Development and Health and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
| | - Lisa K Micklesfield
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Caroline Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., and Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Reynaldo Martorell
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Clive Osmond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Linda M Richter
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Bernardo Horta
- Post-Graduate Program in Health and Behaviour, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Aryeh D Stein
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Kim T, Yun JW, Son M, Kim CB, Choe SA. Age at menarche of adolescent girls and the neighbourhood socioeconomic status of their school area. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2023; 28:65-71. [PMID: 36053277 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association between abnormal timing of menarche among adolescent girls and neighbourhood socioeconomic status of their school area. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our analysis included 187,024 girls aged 15-18 years from the Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) from 2007 to 2015. Early and late menarche were defined as menarche before 11 years and no menarche by age 14 years, respectively. The deprivation index values for the areas where the schools were located were used as an indicator of neighbourhood socioeconomic status based on the 2005 national census data. We calculated odds ratios (OR) for early and late menarche using a multinomial logistic regression model. Covariates included body mass index, parental education, single or stepparents, siblings, household wealth, year of birth, survey year, and urbanisation. RESULTS Mean age at menarche was 12 years. The overall proportions of early and late menarche were 11.3% and 3.3%, respectively. When divided into four quartile groups based on the socioeconomic deprivation index, 11.3% of girls in the most deprived quartile and 10.6% in the least deprived area showed early menarche. The prevalence of late menarche did not differ across the deprivation index quartiles of school area. Attendance at schools located in highly deprived areas was associated with up to 10% higher risk of early menarche. This positive association was not evident for late menarche. CONCLUSION Among contemporary Korean girls, socioeconomic deprivation of the school area was associated with earlier puberty. This finding highlights the potential role of the socioeconomic environment of schools in women's lifetime health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taemi Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mia Son
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Chae-Bong Kim
- Division of Life Science, Korea university, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Choe
- Division of Life Science, Korea university, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Martínez-Arroyo A, Cantor E, Fisberg RM, Corvalán C. Lower adherence to a prudent dietary pattern is associated with earlier age at menarche in adolescents from the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:995593. [PMID: 36793361 PMCID: PMC9922868 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.995593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early menarche is associated with obesity, and metabolic and mental health risks, among other diseases. Thus, it is relevant to identify modifiable risk factors of early menarche. Some nutrients and foods have been linked to pubertal timing, but how menarche relates to overall dietary patterns is unclear. Methods The aim of this study was to analyze the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche in a prospective cohort of Chilean girls from low and middle-income families. We conducted a survival analysis of 215 girls (median = 12.7 years, IQR = 12.2-13.2) from the Growth and Obesity Cohort Study (GOCS) who had been followed prospectively since 4 years of age (2006). Age at menarche and anthropometric measurements were recorded every 6 months since 7 years of age while diet (24-hour dietary recall) was collected for 11 years. Dietary patterns were obtained from exploratory factor analysis. Accelerated Failure Time models adjusted for potential confounding variables were used to study the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche. Results Girls' median age at menarche was 12.7 years. Three dietary patterns were identified: "Breakfast/Light Dinner," "Prudent" and "Snacking" which explained 19.5% of the diet variation. Girls in the lowest tertile of the "Prudent" pattern had menarche 3 months earlier than girls in the highest tertile (β: 0.022; 95% CI: 0.003; 0.041). "Breakfast/Light Dinner" and "Snacking" patterns were not associated with age at menarche. Conclusion Our results suggest that healthier dietary patterns during puberty might be associated with menarche timing. Nevertheless, further studies are required to confirm this result and to clarify the association between diet and puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Martínez-Arroyo
- Food Behavior Research Center (CEIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Erika Cantor
- Institute of Statistics, University of Valparaiso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Corvalán
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Camila Corvalán ✉
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Kang S, Park MJ, Kim JM, Yuk JS, Kim SH. Ongoing increasing trends in central precocious puberty incidence among Korean boys and girls from 2008 to 2020. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283510. [PMID: 36947549 PMCID: PMC10032490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few decades, there has been growing evidence of earlier onset and progression of puberty worldwide. This population-based longitudinal cohort study aimed to analyze the change in the annual incidence rate of central precocious puberty (CPP) among Korean children over the most recent decade, using the national registry data. METHOD The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) and insurance claims for gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment were used to identify CPP patients who were using the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) database between 2008 and 2020. Patients who began GnRHa therapy before the age of 9 and 10 for girls and boys, respectively, were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 6,906 boys and 126,377 girls were diagnosed with CPP between 2008 and 2020. The annual incidence of CPP increased by 83.3 times in boys (from 1.2 to 100 per 100,000 persons) and by 15.9 times in girls (from 88.9 to 1414.7 per 100,000 persons). The age-specific annual incidence of CPP increased remarkably more in older children than in younger ones; the 2020 CPP incidence among 9-year-old boys and 8-year-old girls reached 705.2 and 7,967.3 per 100,000 persons, respectively. The annual prevalence of CPP in boys and girls increased from 2.7 to 206.5 (76.5 times) and from 141.8 to 3439.9 (24.3 times) per 100,000 persons, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on GnRHa treatment insurance claims, our study suggests that the annual incidence of CPP has substantially increased in Korea during the past 13 years. These findings highlight the importance of meticulous judgment by doctors in determining GnRHa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinyoung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Samil Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Dr. Park Mijung's Child Growth Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Yuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Dal Ben S, Gaudino R, Cavarzere P, Volpi S, Antoniazzi F, Boner A, Piacentini G. Age at menarche in girls with cystic fibrosis and asthma. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2022; 47:479-481. [PMID: 35195379 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.21.03451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dal Ben
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy -
| | - Rossella Gaudino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Cavarzere
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sonia Volpi
- Center of Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Antoniazzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Attilio Boner
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piacentini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Rahimi Z, Saki N, Cheraghian B, Sarvandian S, Hashemi SJ, Kaabi J, Saki Malehi A, Shahriari A, Nasehi N. Association between Age at Menarche and Metabolic Syndrome in Southwest Iran: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. J Res Health Sci 2022; 22:e00558. [PMID: 36511376 PMCID: PMC10422154 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age at menarche affects women's health outcomes and could be a risk factor for some diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). We assessed the association between age at menarche and MetS components in women aged 35-70 in Hoveyzeh, southwest Iran. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 5830 women aged 35-70 years in the Hoveyzeh cohort study (HCS), a part of the PERSIAN cohort study, from 2016-2018. The case group included women with MetS, while the controls were women without MetS. The MetS is determined based on standard NCEP-ATP III criteria. Data from demographic, socioeconomic, and reproductive history were gathered face-to-face through trained interviews. Moreover, laboratory, anthropometrics, and blood pressure measurements were assayed for participants. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the association between age at menarche and MetS, with adjustment for potential confounding variables. RESULTS The mean age at menarche was 12.60 ± 1.76 years old. Urban and rural women differed in age at menarche (12.58 ± 1.71 and 12.63 ± 1.83 years, respectively). The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between MetS and menarche age. The odds of developing MetS were 14% higher in women with menstrual age ≤ 11 years than in other groups. CONCLUSION As evidenced by the results of this study, the odds of having MetS were higher in women whose menarche age was ≤ 11 years. Furthermore, the association between MetS components and age groups at menarche was statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rahimi
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Saki
- Hearing Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Cheraghian
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sara Sarvandian
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jamileh Kaabi
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amal Saki Malehi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Shahriari
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nahal Nasehi
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Messina M, Duncan A, Messina V, Lynch H, Kiel J, Erdman JW. The health effects of soy: A reference guide for health professionals. Front Nutr 2022; 9:970364. [PMID: 36034914 PMCID: PMC9410752 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.970364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Soy is a hotly debated and widely discussed topic in the field of nutrition. However, health practitioners may be ill-equipped to counsel clients and patients about the use of soyfoods because of the enormous, and often contradictory, amount of research that has been published over the past 30 years. As interest in plant-based diets increases, there will be increased pressure for practitioners to gain a working knowledge of this area. The purpose of this review is to provide concise literature summaries (400-500 words) along with a short perspective on the current state of knowledge of a wide range of topics related to soy, from the cholesterol-lowering effects of soy protein to the impact of isoflavones on breast cancer risk. In addition to the literature summaries, general background information on soyfoods, soy protein, and isoflavones is provided. This analysis can serve as a tool for health professionals to be used when discussing soyfoods with their clients and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Messina
- Soy Nutrition Institute Global, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alison Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Heidi Lynch
- Kinesiology Department, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Kiel
- Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Medifast Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John W. Erdman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Beckman Institute, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Adriaansen BPH, Kamphuis JS, Schröder MAM, Olthaar AJ, Bock C, Brandt A, Stikkelbroeck NMML, Lentjes EGWM, Span PN, Sweep FCGJ, Claahsen‐van der Grinten HL, van Herwaarden AE. Diurnal salivary androstenedione and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels in healthy volunteers for monitoring treatment efficacy of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 97:36-42. [PMID: 35150157 PMCID: PMC9542109 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients with glucocorticoids is often challenging since there is a delicate balance between over- and undertreatment. Treatment can be monitored noninvasively by measuring salivary androstenedione (A4) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP). Optimal treatment monitoring requires the establishment of reference values in saliva. DESIGN A descriptive study. PATIENTS For this study saliva of 255 healthy paediatric and adult volunteers with an age range of 4-75 years old was used. MEASUREMENTS We developed a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, assessed salivary A4 and 17-OHP stability, and measured A4 and 17-OHP concentrations in saliva collected in the morning, afternoon, and evening. RESULTS We quantified A4 and 17-OHP concentrations in the morning, afternoon, and evening and demonstrated that there is a significant rhythm with the highest levels in the morning and decreasing levels over the day. A4 and 17-OHP concentrations display an age-dependent pattern. These steroids remain stable in saliva at ambient temperature for up to 5 days. CONCLUSIONS Good stability of the steroids in saliva enables saliva collection by the patient at home. Since salivary A4 and 17-OHP display a diurnal rhythm and age-dependent pattern, we established reference values for both children and adults at three time points during the day. These reference values support treatment monitoring of children and adults with CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas P. H. Adriaansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Children's HospitalRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes S. Kamphuis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and HaematologyGelre HospitalsApeldoornThe Netherlands
| | - Mariska A. M. Schröder
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Children's HospitalRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - André J. Olthaar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Carina Bock
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - André Brandt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Eef G. W. M. Lentjes
- Central Diagnostic LaboratoryUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Paul N. Span
- Department of Radiation OncologyRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Fred C. G. J. Sweep
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Antonius E. van Herwaarden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
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Heritability of Age at Menarche in Nigerian Adolescent Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2022; 25:40-44. [PMID: 35535435 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2022.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Heritability of age at menarche (AAM) in African populations remains largely unknown. A question on AAM was given to 1803 [454 monozygotic (MZ), 823 same-sex dizygotic (DZ), and 526 female members of opposite sex] adolescent twins attending public schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. The age range of the sample was 12-18 years, with a mean (SD) of 14.57 (±1.70) years. The data included 905 missing cases consisting of those who had not experienced menarche and did not recall AAM. Missing values were imputed using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. Kaplan-Meier analysis based on the imputed data yielded 13.23 years [95% CI [13.18, 13.28] for the mean and 13.00 years [95% CI [12.96, 13.04] for the median of AAM. Twin correlation and model-fitting analyses were performed on the basis of those who reported AAM (MZ = 82 complete pairs and 38 cotwin missing cases; DZ = 157 complete pairs and 99 cotwin missing cases). Maximum likelihood MZ and DZ twin correlations for AAM were .63 (95% CI [.48, .74]) and .33 (95% CI [.19, .45]) respectively. Model-fitting analyses indicated that 58% (95% CI [46, 67]) of the variance of AAM was associated with additive genetic influences with the remaining variance, 42% (33-54) being due to nonshared environmental influences including measurement error. The heritability estimate found in this study was within the range of those found in Asian and Western twin samples.
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Liu W, Yan X, Li C, Shu Q, Chen M, Cai L, You D. A secular trend in age at menarche in Yunnan Province, China: a multiethnic population study of 1,275,000 women. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1890. [PMID: 34666747 PMCID: PMC8524999 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Age at menarche (AAM) has shown different trends in women from different ethnic and economic regions in recent decades. Data on AAM among multiethnic women living in developing areas are scarce. Methods Data on AAM from 1,275,000 women among 26 ethnicities in Yunnan Province, China, who were born from 1965 to 2001 were obtained from the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project from 2010 to 2018. The patterns of AAM trends were analysed according to ethnic group, area of residence, and socioeconomic status. Results The mean AAM was 13.7 ± 1.21 years (95% CI 13.697–13.701), with a decrease from 14.12 (±1.41) among women born before 1970 to 13.3 (±1.04) among those born after 2000. The decline was 0.36 years per 10-year birth cohort, and the plateau has not yet been reached in Yunnan. A secular trend of earlier AAM was observed in all 26 ethnic groups. The fastest rate of decline was observed for the Bai ethnicity (0.36 years per decade). Consistent declining trends in AAM appeared among extreme-, middling-, and nonpoverty economic patterns from 1965 to 2001, with reductions of 1.19, 1.44, and 1.5 years, respectively (P < 0.001). The peak reduction among middling poverty and extreme poverty occurred in the early 2000s (0.4 and 0.32 years). Multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in the declining trends in AAM along rural/urban lines (P < 0.001). Conclusion There was a secular trend towards a younger AAM during the twentieth century and early twenty-first century birth cohorts in the Yunnan population. Considering the difference in AAM trends due to ethnic and socioeconomic status in Yunnan, the health authority should utilize flexible adjusted health care strategies in different regions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11951-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xuejing Yan
- Department of Management of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Yunnan Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qi Shu
- No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Le Cai
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dingyun You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Gaudino R, Dal Ben S, Cavarzere P, Volpi S, Piona C, Boner A, Antoniazzi F, Piacentini G. Delayed age at menarche in chronic respiratory diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13461. [PMID: 33247946 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age at menarche (AAM) is an important indicator of physiological development in women, and delayed AAM has been associated with chronic illnesses. We investigated predictive factors at diagnosis that influence AAM in adolescents with chronic respiratory diseases. STUDY DESIGN AAM was assessed in 1207 northern Italian female aged 11-24 (1062 healthy, 98 with asthma and 47 with cystic fibrosis [CF]). AAM was defined by recall and status quo methods. We studied anthropometric data, metabolic status, diagnosis parameters, presence of irregular menses. Clinical data of subjects with chronic respiratory illness were compared with that of healthy adolescents. RESULTS Mean AAM for healthy adolescents was 12.49 ± 1.2 years. Mother's AAM was positively associated with that of their daughters (P < .001). BMI was negatively correlated with AAM (P < .001). 69% of healthy adolescents referred regular menses. AAM in the different groups was 12.79 ± 3.0 years for patients with asthma (P < .05 vs healthy) and 13.24 ± 1.44 years for adolescents with CF (P < .0001 vs healthy). In the asthmatic group, 57% of the patients referred regular menses, and no significant differences were found between AAM and control of the disease (ACT test). In the CF group, no correlation was found between the type of CFTR mutation or FEV1% and AAM. 53% of the patients with CF referred regular menses. CONCLUSIONS AAM in patients with CF and asthma was significantly higher than in healthy adolescents, and menses abnormalities were observed in the last two groups. Inflammation influences the reproductive function in chronic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gaudino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Dal Ben
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Cavarzere
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sonia Volpi
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI), Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Piona
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Attilio Boner
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Antoniazzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piacentini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Gottschalk MS, Eskild A, Hofvind S, Gran JM, Bjelland EK. Temporal trends in age at menarche and age at menopause: a population study of 312 656 women in Norway. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:464-471. [PMID: 31990353 PMCID: PMC7048709 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Have mean age at menarche or mean age at natural menopause changed from the 1939 birth cohort to the 1964 birth cohort? SUMMARY ANSWER We estimated a minor decrease in mean age at menarche and an increase by nearly 3 years in mean age at natural menopause. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY In the Western world, age at menarche decreased across birth cohorts from the early 1800s until the 1950s. Whether mean age at menarche has continued to decrease in birth cohorts after the 1950s remains uncertain. It is also uncertain whether mean age at natural menopause has changed across birth cohorts. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed a retrospective population study of 312 656 women who were born in Norway during the years 1936–1964. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The data were obtained by two self-administered questionnaires from women who participated in the Norwegian breast cancer screening program (BreastScreen Norway) during the years 2006–2014. We used flexible parametric survival models with restricted cubic splines to estimate mean age at menarche, mean age at menopause and mean number of years between menarche and menopause according to the women’s year of birth. The women who were still having menstrual periods contributed with follow-up time until the time of data collection, and the women who had reported surgical removal of the uterus and/or both ovaries prior to natural menopause contributed with follow-up time until the time of surgery. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The mean age at menarche was 13.42 years (95% CI: 13.40–13.44 years) among women born during 1936–1939, and it was 13.24 years (95% CI: 13.22–13.25 years) among women born during 1960–1964. The mean age at natural menopause increased from 50.31 years (95% CI: 50.25–50.37 years) among women born during 1936–1939 to 52.73 years (95% CI: 52.64–52.82 years) among women born during 1960–1964. The mean number of years between menarche and menopause increased from 36.83 years (95% CI: 36.77–36.89 years) to 40.22 years (95% CI: 40.11–40.34 years). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Information about age at menarche and age at menopause was based on self-reports. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Late menopause is associated with increased risk of breast cancer but also with increased life expectancy. Thus, higher mean age at menopause may partly explain the increase in breast cancer incidence after menopause and the increase in life expectancy in recent time. Also, a longer interval between menarche and menopause could suggest that the number of years of female fecundity has increased. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was funded by the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority [grant number 2016112 to M.S.G.] and by the Norwegian Cancer Society [grant number 6863294-2015 to E.K.B.]. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Gottschalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akershus University Hospital, P.O. Box 1000, N-1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - A Eskild
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akershus University Hospital, P.O. Box 1000, N-1478 Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1171, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Hofvind
- Department of Mammography Screening, Cancer Registry of Norway, P.O. Box 5313, Majorstuen, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - J M Gran
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1122, Blindern, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - E K Bjelland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akershus University Hospital, P.O. Box 1000, N-1478 Lørenskog, Norway
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Messina M, Mejia SB, Cassidy A, Duncan A, Kurzer M, Nagato C, Ronis M, Rowland I, Sievenpiper J, Barnes S. Neither soyfoods nor isoflavones warrant classification as endocrine disruptors: a technical review of the observational and clinical data. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5824-5885. [PMID: 33775173 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1895054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Soybeans are a rich source of isoflavones, which are classified as phytoestrogens. Despite numerous proposed benefits, isoflavones are often classified as endocrine disruptors, based primarily on animal studies. However, there are ample human data regarding the health effects of isoflavones. We conducted a technical review, systematically searching Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (from inception through January 2021). We included clinical studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMA) that examined the relationship between soy and/or isoflavone intake and endocrine-related endpoints. 417 reports (229 observational studies, 157 clinical studies and 32 SRMAs) met our eligibility criteria. The available evidence indicates that isoflavone intake does not adversely affect thyroid function. Adverse effects are also not seen on breast or endometrial tissue or estrogen levels in women, or testosterone or estrogen levels, or sperm or semen parameters in men. Although menstrual cycle length may be slightly increased, ovulation is not prevented. Limited insight could be gained about possible impacts of in utero isoflavone exposure, but the existing data are reassuring. Adverse effects of isoflavone intake were not identified in children, but limited research has been conducted. After extensive review, the evidence does not support classifying isoflavones as endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Messina
- Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Sonia Blanco Mejia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alison Duncan
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Mindy Kurzer
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chisato Nagato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Martin Ronis
- Health Sciences Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, USA
| | - Ian Rowland
- Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, England, UK
| | | | - Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Alabama, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Menarcheal age has been decreasing worldwide. However, few recent studies have observed trends in menarcheal age in larger populations, and the cutoff age for early menarche remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to analyze recent trends of menarcheal age and to determine the cutoff age of early menarche based on nationally representative data. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 351,006 Korean girls aged 12-18 years who were born in 1988-2003 based on the data of the 2006-2015 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. We identified the distribution of age at menarche using the complex sample Cox regression model. Trends in the prevalence of early menarche were determined using the complex sample linear model. RESULTS Ninety-five percent of all the participants reported they had experienced menarche. The mean menarcheal age was 13.0 years (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 12.92-13.04) for girls born in 1988 and decreased to 12.6 years (95% CI, 12.54-12.61) for girls born in 2003. The cutoff age (the 3rd percentile value) for early menarche was 10.5 years during the study period. The prevalence of early menarche significantly increased from 1.8% in 2006 to 3.2% in 2015 (P-for-trend < 0.001). Downward trends of menarcheal age were noted across all body mass index groups, and this trend was most prominent in the obese group. CONCLUSION We reported an ongoing downward trend in menarcheal age in Korean girls born in 1988-2003, decreasing by 0.4 years over the 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Young Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Body phenotypes and sexual maturation in Brazilian and US adolescents: evidence for a change in BMI category. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:5387-5399. [PMID: 33183393 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020004589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to describe body phenotypes (BP) estimated by multivariate analysis and their association with body mass. DESIGN BP were defined based on demographic variables, anthropometric data (body mass, height, skinfolds and circumferences), body composition (phase angle measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis), biochemical parameters (TAG, glucose, total cholesterol ratio/LDL, Hb and sexual maturation (pubic hair and breasts or gonads). ANOVA was performed to verify the differences between skin colour and the stages of pubertal development, BP, body composition, anthropometric and biochemical variables. SETTING Cities of São Paulo-SP, Piracicaba-SP and Florianópolis-SC from Brazil and the United States. PARTICIPANTS 9269 adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years old. RESULTS The composition of BP was similar in all surveys, which are: BP1 was composed by skinfolds, body mass and circumferences variables; BP2 by pubic hair, breast in girls or gonad in boys, height and age; BP3 by cholesterol, TAG and glucose; and BP4 by phase angle, Hb and glucose (negative loading). There was a strong correlation (r = 0·9, P < 0·001) between BP1 and BMI. CONCLUSION We highlighted independence observed between biochemical parameters, anthropometry, body composition and sexual maturation. BP may support the calculation of scores for diagnosis of obesity based on anthropometric variables and overcome ambiguity in the isolated use of BMI.
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Secular trend and social gradients in the menarcheal age of girls from eastern Poland between 1986 and 2016. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/anre-2020-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The age at menarche is changing together with the development of society. The intensities of secular trends vary in different countries, regions or even towns and villages. Therefore, the objective of the paper was to assess the changes of the menarcheal age of girls in groups defined by different levels of parental education and the number of children in a family as well as the general index of socioeconomic status. The paper utilises the results of research conducted in the years 1985–1986, 2005–2006 and 2015–2016, covering 11 671 girls aged 10–16 from eastern provinces of Poland. Information about the date of birth, the date of the first period, place of residence, fathers’ and mothers’ education and the number of children in a family was collected. Research material was divided into groups stratified by mother’s education, father’s education, number of children in a family, size of place of residence and the general index of socioeconomic status (SES) was calculated. The results were processed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Newman-Keuls method.
In all the assessed groups of girls the acceleration of maturation has been observed. Greater socio-economic differences of the menarcheal age of the respondents were observed in the years 1986–2006, whereas in the years 2006–2016 the differences were smaller. During the assessed period of 30 years, the most intensive acceleration in menarche was observed in the lowest social strata, i.e. in the daughters of parents with primary or vocational education, in those from the largest families and in those who were included in the group with the lowest SES point values. The lowest acceleration in the described indicator of development was found in girls from families with one or two children, whose parents had higher education degrees and the highest SES values.
The assessed schoolgirls still demonstrate the existence of social gradients in the menarcheal age but the gradients are smaller than 30 years ago.
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Yu EJ, Choe SA, Yun JW, Son M. Association of Early Menarche with Adolescent Health in the Setting of Rapidly Decreasing Age at Menarche. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020; 33:264-270. [PMID: 31874313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between age at menarche (AAM) and adverse health indicators in adolescent girls. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING Population-based survey data. PARTICIPANTS A total of 319,437 female participants aged 12-18 years from the Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey. INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We assessed associations between AAM (categorized as ≤10, 11, and ≥12) and health indicators (poor self-rated health, high psychological stress, unhappiness, sexual initiation, and pregnancy). Covariates were individual-level (bodyweight, living with family, parent's education, household wealth, and presence of parents and siblings) and community-level factors (year of birth, single-sex education and level of school, urbanization level of school area, year of survey, and regional deprivation). Odds ratios (ORs) for each adverse health indicator were examined by each AAM group using multivariable regression analyses. For pregnancy, we calculated relative risks (RRs) using a log-binomial regression model. RESULTS Age at menarche was <12 in 42% of our study population. Nearly one-half of the girls born in the early 2000s went through menarche before the age of 12 years, whereas only one-third of girls born in the early 1990s went through menarche before the age of 12 years. Girls who experienced menarche at age ≤10 or age 11 years were more likely to show self-rated poor health (AAM ≤ 10: OR, 1.28; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.22-1.34; AAM = 11: OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.12-1.21), high stress (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.14-1.23, and OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06-1.14), and sexual initiation (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 2.05-2.38, and OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.23-1.41) compared to those with AAM ≥12 years when data were adjusted for all covariates. AAM ≤10 years was associated with consistently higher odds for poor health than AAM ≥12 years. The ORs of sexual initiation increased with earlier AAM. Risk of pregnancy was similar across AAM groups when individual- and community-level covariates were controlled for. CONCLUSION Early menarche, defined as <12 years, can be still a useful indicator in adolescent health interventions to identify high-risk groups in the setting of declining AAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA University, Gyunggi, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Choe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA University, Gyunggi, Korea; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Jae-Won Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Mia Son
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Nieuwenhuis D, Pujol‐Gualdo N, Arnoldussen IA, Kiliaan AJ. Adipokines: A gear shift in puberty. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13005. [PMID: 32003144 PMCID: PMC7317558 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the role of adipokines in the onset of puberty in children with obesity during adrenarche and gonadarche and provide a clear and detailed overview of the biological processes of two major players, leptin and adiponectin. Adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, seem to induce an early onset of puberty in girls and boys with obesity by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Moreover, adipokines and their receptors are expressed in the gonads, suggesting a role in sexual maturation and reproduction. All in all, adipokines may be a clue in understanding mechanisms underlying the onset of puberty in childhood obesity and puberty onset variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Nieuwenhuis
- Department of AnatomyRadboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIMENijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Natàlia Pujol‐Gualdo
- Department of AnatomyRadboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIMENijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ilse A.C. Arnoldussen
- Department of AnatomyRadboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIMENijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Amanda J. Kiliaan
- Department of AnatomyRadboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIMENijmegenThe Netherlands
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24
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Piras GN, Bozzola M, Bianchin L, Bernasconi S, Bona G, Lorenzoni G, Buzi F, Rigon F, Tonini G, De Sanctis V, Perissinotto E. The levelling-off of the secular trend of age at menarche among Italian girls. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04222. [PMID: 32613111 PMCID: PMC7322252 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study was to verify whether the secular trend stopped in Italy by comparing the results of a 1990-2000 birth cohort versus a 1980-1990 birth cohort of Italian young women. The results were used to speculate about age at menarche as adaptive response to non-genetic factors. METHODS In 2016, a study was set on 413, 18-to-26 year-old women (1990-2000 birth cohort) attending two Italian Universities by web-based, self-reported questionnaires. Previously in 2000, a research including 3,783 high school female students (1980-1990 birth cohort) was led. The age at menarche distribution was performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The comparison between the findings of the two birth cohorts was performed by Wilcoxon sum-rank test. Mixed models analysis was applied to evaluate the effect of cohort and socio-economic status on age at menarche. RESULTS 1990-2000 cohort's age at menarche median was 12.44y (95%CI 12.37; 12.59y). There was no significant difference with age at menarche of the previous cohort (p = 0.56). Consistently, the advance of age at menarche in comparison to the mothers' one was not significantly different between the two cohorts (-0.27y±0.10y vs -0.25y±0.03y, p = 0.33). The socio-economic level was not significantly associated with menarcheal age. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study confirm that, like in other developed countries, the advance of age at menarche has stopped in Italy, consistently with the stop of the improvement of socio-economic conditions. Further studies are needed to explore the differential effect of each non-genetic factor to outline future scenarios of human sexual maturation. TRIAL REGISTRATION the Comitato Etico per la Sperimentazione Clinica (CESC) della Provincia di Padova of the Veneto Region (Italy), n°3993/U16/16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Niccolò Piras
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Bianchin
- UOC Infanzia, Adolescenza, Famiglia, AULSS 3, Serenissima Venezia, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Bona
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Division of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Lorenzoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Buzi
- Department of Pediatrics, “Carlo Poma” Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Franco Rigon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tonini
- Centre of Pediatric Diabetology, Burlo Garofolo Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Sanctis
- Private Accredited Hospital Quisisana, Paediatric and Adolescent Outpatients Clinic, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Egle Perissinotto
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
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Bruserud IS, Roelants M, Oehme NHB, Madsen A, Eide GE, Bjerknes R, Rosendahl K, Juliusson PB. References for Ultrasound Staging of Breast Maturation, Tanner Breast Staging, Pubic Hair, and Menarche in Norwegian Girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5788212. [PMID: 32140730 PMCID: PMC7275631 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Discriminating adipose and glandular tissue is challenging when clinically assessing breast development. Ultrasound facilitates staging of pubertal breast maturation (US B), but has not been systematically compared to Tanner breast (Tanner B) staging, and no normative data have been reported. OBJECTIVE To present normative references for US B along with references for Tanner B, pubic hair (PH), and menarche. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional sample of 703 healthy girls aged 6 to 16 years were examined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Breast development was determined with US B and Tanner B staging. Tanner PH and menarcheal status were recorded. The age distributions of entry in US B, Tanner B, and PH stages and menarche were estimated with generalized linear and generalized additive models with a probit link. Method agreement was tested with weighted Cohen's kappa. RESULTS The median (±2SD) ages for thelarche, US B2 and Tanner B2, were 10.2 (7.7, 12.8) and 10.4 (8.0, 12.7) years. The median (±2SD) ages at Tanner PH2 and menarche were 10.9 (8.5, 13.3) and 12.7 (11.0, 16.2) years. Cohen's kappa of agreement (95% confidence interval) between US B and Tanner B was 0.87 (0.85-0.88). When the methods disagreed, US B was usually more advanced. CONCLUSION Thelarche occurred at a slightly younger age when assessed with ultrasound compared to clinical Tanner staging, although the 2 methods had a very good agreement when determining pubertal breast maturation. A significant decrease of 2.8 months in age at menarche was observed during the past decade in Norwegian girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Særvold Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Ingvild Særvold Bruserud, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Haukelandsbakken 15, 5021 Bergen, Norway. E-mail:
| | - Mathieu Roelants
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ninnie Helén Bakken Oehme
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andre Madsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Egil Eide
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Bjerknes
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karen Rosendahl
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University in Tromsø, The Artic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Petur B Juliusson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Registries, Norwegian institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
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Caspi Y, Brouwer RM, Schnack HG, van de Nieuwenhuijzen ME, Cahn W, Kahn RS, Niessen WJ, van der Lugt A, Pol HH. Changes in the intracranial volume from early adulthood to the sixth decade of life: A longitudinal study. Neuroimage 2020; 220:116842. [PMID: 32339774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal brain-aging occurs at all structural levels. Excessive pathophysiological changes in the brain, beyond the normal one, are implicated in the etiology of brain disorders such as severe forms of the schizophrenia spectrum and dementia. To account for brain-aging in health and disease, it is critical to study the age-dependent trajectories of brain biomarkers at various levels and among different age groups. The intracranial volume (ICV) is a key biological marker, and changes in the ICV during the lifespan can teach us about the biology of development, aging, and gene X environment interactions. However, whether ICV changes with age in adulthood is not resolved. Applying a semi-automatic in-house-built algorithm for ICV extraction on T1w MR brain scans in the Dutch longitudinal cohort (GROUP), we measured ICV changes. Individuals between the ages of 16 and 55 years were scanned up to three consecutive times with 3.32±0.32 years between consecutive scans (N = 482, 359, 302). Using the extracted ICVs, we calculated ICV longitudinal aging-trajectories based on three analysis methods; direct calculation of ICV differences between the first and the last scan, fitting all ICV measurements of individuals to a straight line, and applying a global linear mixed model fitting. We report statistically significant increase in the ICV in adulthood until the fourth decade of life (average change +0.03%/y, or about 0.5 ml/y, at age 20), and decrease in the ICV afterward (-0.09%/y, or about -1.2 ml/y, at age 55). To account for previous cross-sectional reports of ICV changes, we analyzed the same data using a cross-sectional approach. Our cross-sectional analysis detected ICV changes consistent with the previously reported cross-sectional effect. However, the reported amount of cross-sectional changes within this age range was significantly larger than the longitudinal changes. We attribute the cross-sectional results to a generational effect. In conclusion, the human intracranial volume does not stay constant during adulthood but instead shows a small increase during young adulthood and a decrease thereafter from the fourth decade of life. The age-related changes in the longitudinalmeasure are smaller than those reported using cross-sectional approaches and unlikely to affect structural brain imaging studies correcting for intracranial volume considerably. As to the possible mechanisms involved, this awaits further study, although thickening of the meninges and skull bones have been proposed, as well as a smaller amount of brain fluids addition above the overall loss of brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Caspi
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rachel M Brouwer
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo G Schnack
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wiepke Cahn
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - René S Kahn
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wiro J Niessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC: University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilleke Hulshoff Pol
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Żegleń M, Marini E, Cabras S, Kryst Ł, Das R, Chakraborty A, Dasgupta P. The relationship among the age at menarche, anthropometric characteristics, and socio-economic factors in Bengali girls from Kolkata, India. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 32:e23380. [PMID: 31875347 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to measure the causal effect of selected socio-economic factors and anthropometrical characteristics on the menarche occurrence. METHODS The sample consisted of 2195 Bengali girls (aged 7-21) from middle-class families, from Kolkata city, India. The age at menarche was recorded from the retrospective data and status quo method. The causal effect of anthropometric and socio-economic variables on menarche occurrence was estimated by the nonparametrical analysis of survival probability (survival random forest). RESULTS In the examined cohort menarche occurred, on average, at 11.8 years of age. The probability of menarche occurrence amplified with the increasing values of factors such as body mass index, height-for-age z-scores, number of family members, household rooms, and toilets, but decreased when expenditures increased. The relation maintained a similar pattern of causal effect with girls' age. CONCLUSIONS A complex pattern of relationship among sexual development, physique, and socio-economic characteristics was defined. The tendency toward early menarche, along with the observed causal relationships indicate that the analyzed sample is nearing the characteristics and standards of living noted in other middle and even high-income countries in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Żegleń
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cabras
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Łukasz Kryst
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rituparna Das
- Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Parasmani Dasgupta
- Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
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Kang S, Kim YM, Lee JA, Kim DH, Lim JS. Early Menarche is a Risk Factor for Short Stature in Young Korean Females: An Epidemiologic Study. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019; 11:234-239. [PMID: 30604602 PMCID: PMC6745461 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2018.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between age at menarche and adult height [and body mass index (BMI)] in young Korean females and also to investigate whether early menarche (<12 years) is a risk factor for short stature and obesity in young Korean females. METHODS Data on 1148 females aged 18-30 years and 612 mother (612 pairs of mothers and daughters) from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015) were analyzed. RESULTS Among 1148 females, 256 (22.3%) had early menarche. Their stature was approximately 0.445 cm shorter when menarche had occurred one year earlier. The prevalence of short stature (≤153 cm) and obesity (BMI ≥25) was higher in females with early menarche compared to those with later menarche (short stature: 10.5% vs 6.4%, obesity; 20.7% vs 13.1%, all p<0.001). In multivariate regression, the odds ratio (OR) for short stature was 2.62 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.26-5.44] after adjusting for current age and mother’s height. OR for obesity was 1.74 (95% CI: 0.98-3.07) after adjusting for age and maternal BMI. CONCLUSION Final height in girls is influenced by age of menarche. Early menarche increased the risk for adult short stature in young Korean females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Kang
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Mo Kim
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ah Lee
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Kim
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sub Lim
- Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea,* Address for Correspondence: Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea Phone: +82-2-970-1224 E-mail:,
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29
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Heyden JCVD, Birnie E, Bovenberg SA, Dekker P, Veeze HJ, Mul D, Aanstoot HJ. Losing Track of Lipids in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Towards Individualized Patient Care. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 129:510-518. [PMID: 31272109 DOI: 10.1055/a-0950-9677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess 1) the prevalence of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) changing from low-risk into borderline-high-risk lipid levels or from borderline-high-risk into high-risk lipid levels ('lose track of lipids') and 2) the power of a risk score including the determinants HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), gender, age, diabetes duration and ethnicity in predicting which patients lose track of lipids. METHODS 651 children and adolescents with T1D were included in this longitudinal retrospective cohort study. Lipid dynamics and the impact of the risk score on losing track of lipids were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate screening intervals. RESULTS 31-43% percent of the patients had lost track of one or more lipids at the next lipid measurement. This happened more frequently in patients with a low-risk lipid level at start. Depending on the lipid parameter, 5% of patients with low-risk lipid levels lost track of lipids after 13-23 months. The risk score based on concomitant information on the determinants was moderately able to predict which patients would lose track of lipids on the short term. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of children and adolescents with T1D loses track of lipids and does so within a 2-year screening interval. The predictive power of a risk score including age, BMI, gender, HbA1c, diabetes duration and ethnicity is only moderate. Future research should focus on another approach to the determinants used in this study or other determinants predictive of losing track of lipids on the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josine C van der Heyden
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Birnie
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah A Bovenberg
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Dekker
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Veeze
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Mul
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Aanstoot
- Diabeter, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Nandi A, Behrman JR, Black MM, Kinra S, Laxminarayan R. Relationship between early-life nutrition and ages at menarche and first pregnancy, and childbirth rates of young adults: Evidence from APCAPS in India. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2019; 16:e12854. [PMID: 31141837 PMCID: PMC7038893 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
India's Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) provides daily supplementary nutrition and other public health services to women and children. We estimated associations between exposure to early‐childhood ICDS nutrition and adult reproductive outcomes. During 1987–1990, a balanced protein–calorie supplement called “upma”—made from locally available corn–soya ingredients—was rolled out by subdistricts near Hyderabad and offered to pregnant women and children under age 6 years. In a controlled trial, 15 villages received the supplement and 14 did not. We used data from a 2010–2012 resurvey of adults born during the trial (n = 715 in intervention and n = 645 in control arms). We used propensity score matching methods to estimate the associations between birth in an intervention village and menarcheal age, age at first pregnancy, and fertility of adults. We found that women born in the intervention group during the trial, as compared with the control group, had menarche 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI: 0.22, 0.68]; p < .001) years later and first pregnancy 0.53 (95% CI [0.04, 1.02]; p < .05) years later. Married women from the intervention group had menarche 0.36 (95% CI [0.09, 0.64]; p < .01) years later, first cohabitation with partner 0.8 (95% CI [0.27, 1.33]; p < .01) years later, and first pregnancy 0.53 (95% CI [0.04, 1.02]; p < .05) years later than married women in the control group. There was no significant difference between intervention and control group women regarding whether they had at least one childbirth or the total number of children born. The findings were similar when we employed inverse propensity score weighted regression models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Nandi
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington, DC, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jere R Behrman
- Departments of Economics and Sociology, Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen M Black
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ramanan Laxminarayan
- Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, New Delhi, New Delhi, India.,Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
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Abstract
Genetic and environmental influences on age at menarche (AAM) have rarely been examined in Asian females. This study aimed to investigate the heritability of AAM in South Korean female twins. The AAM data from 1370 female twins (933 monozygotic [MZ] twins, 294 dizygotic [DZ] twins and 160 female members of opposite-sex DZ twins) born between 1988 and 2001 were analyzed. The age of the sample at the time of the assessment ranged from 16 to 28 years with a mean of 19.3 (SD = 2.2) years. The mean AAM in the total sample was 12.49 (SD = 1.41) years. Although the mean AAM decreased with increasing birth years, it levelled off in birth years 2000-2001. Maximum likelihood MZ and DZ twin correlations were 0.72 [95% CI (0.67, 0.76)] and 0.35 [95% CI (0.19, 0.50)], respectively. The results of model-fitting analysis indicated that the additive genetic and individual-specific environmental effects were 72% [95% CI (67%, 76%)] and 28% [95% CI (24%, 33%)], respectively. Neither nonadditive genetic nor shared environmental effects were significant.
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32
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Mărginean CO, Mărginean C, Chinceşan M, Mărginean MO, Meliţ LE, Săsăran V, Mărginean CD. Pediatric ovarian tumors, a challenge for pediatrician and gynecologist: Three case reports (CARE compliant). Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15242. [PMID: 31008957 PMCID: PMC6494269 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Ovarian or adnexal tumors are very rare in patients below the age of 18 years, most of them being functional cysts, only 10% being malignant. We report 3 cases of ovarian tumors with the aim of revealing the particularities regarding the diagnosis and management of benign and malignant ovarian tumors in pediatric patients. PATIENT CONCERNS The 1st case, a 9-year-old girl presented for diffuse abdominal pain, distended abdomen and rapid increase in abdominal volume. The 2nd case describes a 13-year-old female patient admitted for acute abdominal pain and nausea, and the 3rd one was an 18-year-old female teenager who presented for distended abdomen, intermittent diffuse abdominal pain and rapid increase in abdomen volume. DIAGNOSES The abdominal ultrasound revealed in all 3 patients suggestive signs for ovarian tumors. INTERVENTIONS The 1st patient underwent laparotomy with adnexectomy, and the histopathological exam showed the diagnosis of dysgerminoma. The 2nd patient underwent laparoscopy with adnexectomy, and the histopathological exam revealed a borderline tumor. The 3rd patient benefited by a laparotomy with left ovariectomy, and the histopathological exam pointed out a mature teratoma. OUTCOMES The outcome was favorable in all 3 cases, but the patients with dysgerminoma and mature teratoma were further referred to the oncologist for proper assessment. LESSONS Laparoscopy may represent the first choice for uncomplicated ovarian masses. The diagnosis and the therapeutic plan must be based on symptoms, pelvic ultrasound, the time of menarche and the potential serum markers.
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Deswita D, Refnandes R, Refnandes R, Putri MG, Putri MG. The Association of Pornographic Media Exposure and Nutritional Status with Early Menarche. JURNAL NERS 2019. [DOI: 10.20473/jn.v13i2.3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The adolescent menarche period has shifted to a younger age because of several factors, including a girl’s nutritional status and exposure to pornographic media. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between pornographic media exposure and nutritional status with the age of menarche in girls in elementary school.Methods: This research used a descriptive cross-sectional design. 121 respondents were selected by proportional random sampling. Nutritional status data was collected by measuring body mass index, while the usage of media exposure and the age of menarche were both identified using questionnaires. All data was analysed using the chi-square test.Results: There was a significant relationship between the age of menarche with the exposure to mass media (p=0.000) and nutritional status (p=0.000).Conclusion: The age of menarche in adolescent girls is associated with nutritional status and media exposure.
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Atta N, Kilickap S, Yuce D, Hayran M. Reproductive cancer risk factors among relatives of cancer patients in a tertiary oncology center. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:154. [PMID: 30770749 PMCID: PMC6377741 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of some gynecological cancer risk factors in a population of female relatives of cancer patients in Hacettepe University Oncology Hospital. Additionally, what are the levels of the women’s awareness /behavior toward available screening tools? Methods An individual cancer risk assessment questionnaire has been developed in the Department of Preventive Oncology, which questions the medical history, health behaviors and cancer awareness, as well as their behavior toward available cancer screening tools. Results The mean age of the study population was 45.7 ± 12.2 years. Median age at menarche was 13 years (IQR, 12–14), 6.9% of the women reported their menarche was before age of 12. About 11.1% of the women had intercourse before age of 18. The median age at first delivery was 22 years. Median BMI was 24.9, with 18.3% of population having obesity. Of the women 65% were current/past smokers. Sixty-two percent of the women had never used condom. About 8% of the women were unaware about mammography and 17.7% about the Pap test. Conclusions This study has documented high tobacco use, low protective condom use and low rates of physical activity. Percentage of some risk factors like early menarche was lower than what was suggested for general Turkish population. Awareness and behavior of the women were better about mammography when compared to the Pap test. Considering our results, some measures should be put in place to increase people’s awareness, and to modify their behavior toward cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooria Atta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kabul Medical University, Kabul, Afghanistan. .,Department of preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Saadettin Kilickap
- Department of preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Yuce
- Department of preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Hayran
- Department of preventive Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
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Savas M, Wester VL, Visser JA, Kleinendorst L, van der Zwaag B, van Haelst MM, van den Akker ELT, van Rossum EFC. Extensive Phenotyping for Potential Weight-Inducing Factors in an Outpatient Population with Obesity. Obes Facts 2019; 12:369-384. [PMID: 31216558 PMCID: PMC6758708 DOI: 10.1159/000499978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been associated with miscellaneous weight-inducing determinants. A comprehensive assessment of known obesity-related factors other than diet and physical activity within one cohort is currently lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of potential contributors to obesity and self-reported triggers for marked weight gain in an adult population with obesity and between obesity classes. METHODS In this observational cohort study, we assessed 408 persons with obesity (aged 41.3 ± 14.2 years, BMI 40.5 ± 6.2) visiting our obesity clinic. They were evaluated for use of weight-inducing drugs, hormonal abnormalities, menarcheal age, (high) birth weight, sleep deprivation, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). We additionally assessed self-reported triggers for marked weight gain and performed genetic testing in patients suspected of genetic obesity. RESULTS Nearly half of the patients were using a potentially weight-inducing drug, which was also the most reported trigger for marked weight gain. For the assessed hormonal conditions, a relatively high prevalence was found for hypothyroidism (14.1%), polycystic ovary syndrome (12.0%), and male hypogonadism (41.7%). A relatively low average menarcheal age (12.6 ± 1.8 years) was reported, whereas there was a high prevalence of a high birth weight (19.5%). Sleep deprivation and OSAS were reported in, respectively, 14.5 and 13.7% of the examined patients. Obesity class appeared to have no influence on the majority of the assessed factors. Of the genetically analyzed patients, a definitive genetic diagnosis was made in 3 patients (1.9%). CONCLUSIONS A thorough evaluation of patients with obesity yields a relatively high prevalence of various potentially weight-inducing factors. Diagnostic screening of patients with obesity could therefore benefit these patients by potentially reducing the social stigma and improving the outcomes of obesity treatment programs by tackling, where possible, the weight-inducing factors in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Savas
- Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent L Wester
- Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Kleinendorst
- Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
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Yoon JS, So CH, Lee HS, Lim JS, Hwang JS. Prevalence of Pathological Brain Lesions in Girls with Central Precocious Puberty: Possible Overestimation? J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e329. [PMID: 30546283 PMCID: PMC6291406 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely performed to identify brain lesions in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and type of brain lesions among Korean girls with CPP and evaluate the need for routine brain MRI examinations. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated data on 3,528 girls diagnosed with CPP from April 2003 to December 2016, and identified 317 girls who underwent sellar MRI. Exclusion criteria were patients with a known brain tumor or who did not undergo brain MRI due to refusal or the decision of the pediatric endocrinologist. RESULTS Normal sellar MRI findings were observed in 291 of the 317 girls (91.8%). Incidental findings were observed in 26 girls (8.2%). None of the patients had pathological brain lesions. CONCLUSION The prevalence of intracranial lesions among girls who were generally healthy and without neurological symptoms but diagnosed with CPP was lower than that previously reported. Furthermore, none of the identified lesions required treatment. It may be prudent to reconsider the routine use of brain MRI to screen all patients with CPP, especially if they are healthy and neurologically asymptomatic, and are girls aged 6-8 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Cheol Hwan So
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hae Sang Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jung Sub Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Soon Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
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Dutton E, Bakhiet SFA, Madison G, Essa YAS, Rajeh MYM. Sex differences on Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices within Saudi Arabia and across the Arab world: Females' advantage decreases from childhood to adolescence. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Duran I, Martakis K, Rehberg M, Semler O, Schoenau E. Individualized evaluation of lumbar bone mineral density and bone mineral apparent density in children and adolescents. Arch Osteoporos 2018; 13:117. [PMID: 30374788 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-018-0532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used in children to evaluate bone health. LS-BMD results in children are influenced significantly by height and BMI. An adjustment for these parameters may improve the clinical use of the method. PURPOSE/INTRODUCTION DXA evaluation is considered useful in children to assess bone health. For this purpose, lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD) and bone mineral apparent density (LS-BMAD) are often used. The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of height and BMI on LS-BMD and LS-BMAD in children and adolescents and to develop a method to adjust individual results for these factors. METHODS As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study, between the years 2005 and 2010 lumbar DXA scans on randomly selected Americans from 8 to 20 years of age were carried out. From all eligible DXA scans, three major US ethnic groups were evaluated (Non-Hispanic Whites, Non-Hispanic Blacks, and Mexican Americans) for further statistical analysis. The relationship between height as well as BMI for age Z-scores and age-adjusted LS-BMD and LS-BMAD Z-scores was analyzed. RESULTS For the statistical analysis, the DXA scans of 1799 non-Hispanic White children (823 females), of 1696 non-Hispanic Black children (817 females), and of 1839 Mexican American children (884 females) were eligible. The statistical analysis showed that taller and heavier children had significantly (p < 0.001) higher age-adjusted LS-BMD Z-scores than shorter and lighter children. But on LS-BMAD, only BMI and not height had a significant influence. CONCLUSIONS LS-BMD results in children were influenced significantly by their height and BMI, the LS-BMAD results were only influenced by their BMI. For the first time, the proposed method adjusts LS-BMD and LS-BMAD to BMI. An adjustment of the LS-BMD and LS-BMAD results to these factors might improve the clinical significance of an individual result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Duran
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, University of Cologne, Lindenburger Allee 44, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - K Martakis
- Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of International Health, School CAPHRI, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Rehberg
- Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - O Semler
- Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Rare Skeletal Diseases in Childhood, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Schoenau
- Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, University of Cologne, Lindenburger Allee 44, 50931, Cologne, Germany.,Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Hwang YS, Park EJ, Choi JG, Kim HE, Park SG, Yoo SM. Relationship between Age at Menarche and Metabolic Syndrome in Premenopausal Women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014. Korean J Fam Med 2018; 39:300-306. [PMID: 30056694 PMCID: PMC6166116 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.17.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early menarche may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between age at menarche and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean premenopausal women. METHODS We used nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2014, and 3,023 premenopausal women aged 20-55 years were our subjects. We defined early menarche as age at first menstrual period less than 12 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between age at menarche and MetS after adjusting for current age, and socioeconomic, lifestyle, and reproductive variables. RESULTS MetS was much more common in women aged 40-55 years than in women aged 20-39 years (4.1% vs. 15.1%). Compared with women who experienced menarche at age 12-15 years, the risk of MetS in the early menarche group was not higher in either age group, after adjusting for current age, and socioeconomic, lifestyle, and reproductive variables (odds ratio [OR], 1.767; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.718-4.351 in those aged 20-39 years; OR, 1.780; 95% CI, 0.775-4.085 in those aged 40-55 years). The risk of MetS in women with menarche at age ≥16 years was not higher than in women with menarche at age 12-15 years. CONCLUSION Early or late menarche was not associated with an increased risk of MetS in premenopausal Korean women. Even before menopause, current age has a major influence on the development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Seo Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong-Gi Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyo-Eun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung-Guk Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Body height and age at menarche of girls from eastern Poland in the period of political transformation. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/anre-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Biological state of a group of people or particular individuals in various phases of ontogenesis should be treated as a positive health measure. The aim of the study was to assess the directions of changes in body height and age at menarche of girls from eastern Poland in the years 1986-2016. The data regarding 30784 students aged 10-16 living in towns and villages of the eastern parts of such regions as Podkarpackie, Lubelskie, Podlaskie, Warminsko-mazurskie and, to a slight extent, Mazowieckie were used in the study. Body height was measured and information concerning the place of living and age at menarche (yes-no) was gathered during interviews. Acceleration of body height and age at menarche was observed in girls from the east of Poland in the period of political transformation and after European Union (EU) accession, while the level of secular trends was connected with the pace of changes in the environment. Biological effects of the EU preservation of Polish agriculture and particular care of the eastern provinces of Poland reduced developmental differences between these provinces and other regions of Poland. Moreover, in the analysed period of three decades (1986-2016), the disappearance of differences in body height and age at menarche between the inhabitants of rural and urban areas was noted, which indicates larger positive socio-economic changes in the countryside. In turn, greater body height was noted in non-menstruating girls compared to their menstruating counterparts. However, in subsequent observations, smaller differences between these groups were observed.
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Abstract
Importance Adequate management of menstrual hygiene is taken for granted in affluent countries; however, inadequate menstrual hygiene is a major problem for girls and women in resource-poor countries, which adversely affects the health and development of adolescent girls. Objective The aim of this article is to review the current evidence concerning menstrual hygiene management in these settings. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed search using MeSH terms was conducted in English, supplemented by hand searching for additional references. Retrieved articles were reviewed, synthesized, and summarized. Results Most research to date has described menstrual hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Many school-based studies indicate poorer menstrual hygiene among girls in rural areas and those attending public schools. The few studies that have tried to improve or change menstrual hygiene practices provide moderate to strong evidence that targeted interventions do improve menstrual hygiene knowledge and awareness. Conclusion and Relevance Challenges to improving menstrual hygiene management include lack of support from teachers (who are frequently male); teasing by peers when accidental menstrual soiling of clothes occurs; poor familial support; lack of cultural acceptance of alternative menstrual products; limited economic resources to purchase supplies; inadequate water and sanitation facilities at school; menstrual cramps, pain, and discomfort; and lengthy travel to and from school, which increases the likelihood of leaks/stains. Areas for future research include the relationship between menarche and school dropout, the relationship between menstrual hygiene management and other health outcomes, and how to increase awareness of menstrual hygiene management among household decision makers including husbands/fathers and in-laws. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians. Learning Objectives After completion of this educational activity, the obstetrician/gynecologist should be able to define what is meant by “adequate menstrual hygiene management,” identify the challenges to adequate menstrual hygiene management that exist in resource-poor countries, and describe some of the intervention strategies that have been proposed to improve menstrual hygiene management for girls and women in those countries.
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The prevalence of brain abnormalities in boys with central precocious puberty may be overestimated. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195209. [PMID: 29614125 PMCID: PMC5882100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely performed to identify brain lesions in boys with central precocious puberty (CPP). We investigated the prevalence of CPP in Korean boys and the necessity for routine brain MRI examinations. This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2003 to December 2016 at a Korean university hospital. Among 151 boys who were diagnosed with CPP, the data of 138 boys who underwent sellar MRI were evaluated. The mean age of the study subjects was 9.51 ± 0.56 years (<8 years [n = 4] and ≥8 years [n = 134]). We excluded patients who had been previously diagnosed with brain tumors and those who did not undergo a sellar MRI because of refusal or the decision of the pediatric endocrinologist. The main outcome measure was the prevalence of intracranial lesions among boys with CPP. Normal sellar MRI findings were observed in 128 of the 138 boys (93%). Mild brain abnormalities were found in 10 boys (7%), while none of the patients had pathological brain lesions. The prevalence (7%) of intracranial lesions among boys who were healthy, did not have neurological symptoms, and were diagnosed with CPP was different from that previously reported. None of the identified lesions necessitated treatment. Although this was a single country study, we found that the previously reported prevalence of brain lesions in boys with CPP is much higher than the prevalence observed in Korea. This study suggests the need to globally reevaluate the prevalence of pathological brain lesions among male pediatric patients with CPP.
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Cumpian-Silva J, Rinaldi AEM, Mazzeti CMDS, Conde WL. [Body phenotypes in adolescence and sexual maturation]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2018. [PMID: 29538500 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00057217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to describe body phenotypes estimated by multivariate technique for the assessment of nutritional status in adolescence during the process of sexual maturation. The sample consisted of 833 schoolchildren 10 to 15 years of age, selected by complex sampling in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Body phenotypes were defined by principal components analysis (PCA) based on anthropometric data (body mass, height, skinfolds, and waist circumference), body composition (phase angle measurement by bioelectric impedance), biochemical parameters (triglycerides, glucose, total/LDL cholesterol ratio, hemoglobin), and sexual maturation (self-classification of stages of pubic hair and breasts or genitals). Body phenotypes were: P1adiposity, characterized by a positive association with the variables skinfolds, body mass, and waist circumference; P2puberty, characterized by positive association with stages of pubic hair and breasts in girls or genitals in boys, height, and age; P3biochemical, characterized by positive association with cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose; and P4muscular, characterized by positive association with phase angle and hemoglobin and negative association with glucose. Only P1adiposity showed a strong association with body mass index, and there was independence between P1adiposity and P2puberty. Our results highlight the independence between biochemical parameters, anthropometry, body composition, and sexual maturation. Body phenotypes can provide the basis for calculating scores on likelihood of obesity based on anthropometric variables and overcoming ambiguity with the use of body mass.
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Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to estimate the total economic and health related burden of breast cancer in the Netherlands. Methods Data on incidence, prevalence, mortality and survival were extracted from the Dutch National Cancer Registry and were used to calculate the economic and health related burden of breast cancer for overall, DCIS (stage 0), early- (stage I), locally advanced- (stage II-III) and metastatic- (stage IV) breast cancer by age groups and by year (if applicable). Results The overall incidence of breast cancer increased from 103.4 up to 153.2 per 100,000 women between 1990 and 2014. The increase was driven by DCIS and early breast cancer as the incidence of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer remained stable. Between 1990 and 2014, ten-year overall survival rates increased from 87% to 93% for early breast cancer, 41% to 62% for locally advanced- and from 6% to 9% for metastatic disease. Annually, breast cancer in the Netherlands is responsible for approximately 3100 deaths, 26,000 life years lost, 65,000 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and an economic burden of €1.27 billion. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the burden of breast cancer and subsequent trends over time in the Netherlands. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4158-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Abstract
There has been a secular decline in age at menarche since the 19th century. Early-maturing women are more likely to have their sexual debut at a younger age, which in turn gives rise to a host of reproductive health and social problems. This study used data from five waves of National Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in the Philippines between 1993 and 2013 to examine the trends and socioeconomic differentials in age at menarche and sexual debut. The changing trend in age at menarche and sexual debut was examined across birth cohorts, and logistic regressions were used to identify the determinants of early sexual debut. In the Philippines, the mean and median ages at menarche declined from 13.2 years and 12.6 years, respectively, among young women born in 1973-1977, to 12.9 years and 12.3 years, respectively, among those born in 1993-1997. The proportion who had their sexual debut by age 20 increased from 41.2% for the 1968-1972 birth cohort to 53.4% for the 1988-1992 birth cohort. Filipino women with low education, from poor families and living in rural areas were more likely to have earlier sexual debut despite attaining menarche at a later age as compared with their higher educated counterparts, and those from wealthier families and urban areas. Logistic regression analysis showed that, besides marital status, women's education and age at menarche were important determinants of early sexual debut. However, ethnicity, place of residence and family wealth had no significant effects on age at menarche. An increasing proportion of young women were found to be having unprotected sexual debut and at a younger age, with health and social ramifications. Hence, apart from increasing the enrolment of girls in schools and discouraging teenage marriage, there is a need for social and health agencies to implement appropriate adolescent sexual and reproductive health programmes such as counselling and educational campaigns, as well as support services, to address sexual problems among the youth.
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Gandhi A, Luyckx K, Baetens I, Kiekens G, Sleuwaegen E, Berens A, Maitra S, Claes L. Age of onset of non-suicidal self-injury in Dutch-speaking adolescents and emerging adults: An event history analysis of pooled data. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 80:170-178. [PMID: 29121554 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) has emerged as an important mental-health concern. However, epidemiological features like age of onset of NSSI have remained understudied. Therefore, the current study investigated the distribution of age of onset of NSSI in pooled sample of Dutch-speaking adolescents and emerging adults using event history analysis. METHOD Eleven datasets measuring age at first NSSI in community and clinical participants collected by researchers in the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium were pooled together. The final dataset consisted of 1973 community males, 1901 community females, and 505 clinical females. Discrete-time event history analysis was used to model the effect of gender and psychiatric disorders on the age of onset of NSSI. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of adolescents from the community samples engaged in at least one episode of NSSI by the age of 25years. Irrespective of the type of sample (community or psychiatric disorder), the probability of age of onset peaked around the age of 14-15years. A second peak was observed around the age of 20 and 24years in the community and psychiatric samples respectively. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial interventions for prevention of NSSI should not only target adolescence through school mental health programs but also target emerging adults at the university level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarendra Gandhi
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Koen Luyckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Imke Baetens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Life Span Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium
| | - Glenn Kiekens
- Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sleuwaegen
- University Department of Psychiatry, Campus Psychiatric Hospital Duffel, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ann Berens
- University Department of Psychiatry, Campus Psychiatric Hospital Duffel, Belgium
| | - Shubhada Maitra
- Centre for Health and Mental Health, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, India
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Belgium
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van Vuuren CL, Uitenbroek DG, van der Wal MF, Chinapaw MJM. Sociodemographic differences in 10-year time trends of emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents attending secondary schools in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27:1621-1631. [PMID: 29700615 PMCID: PMC6245132 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Societal change in western societies may impact emotional and behavioural problems of adolescents. Firm epidemiological evidence of changes in emotional and behavioural problems during the last decade is lacking. Insight into secular changes in emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents from various sociodemographic groups is crucial for adequate and targeted policy making. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine 10-year time trends in emotional and behavioural problems among adolescents, and potential differences in time trends between sociodemographic groups. Analyses were based on annually repeated cross-sectional data including 56,159 multi-ethnic students (13-14 years old) in the second year of various levels of secondary education in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, using the internationally validated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. In general, emotional and behavioural problems increased over a 10-year time period (i.e., relative increase of total difficulties by 19%). This increase was mainly due to an increase in hyperactivity/inattention problems, while peer-relationship problems decreased. Time trends differed somewhat by sex: total difficulties and emotional problems increased in girls but remained fairly stable in boys. In Amsterdam, emotional and behavioural problems in adolescents seemingly increased over time, especially hyperactivity/inattention problems. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying causes. We cannot totally exclude potential confounders underlying our findings. Our findings can inform policies to target health programs at sociodemographic groups at increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Leontine van Vuuren
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service (GGD) Amsterdam, PO Box 2200, 1000 CE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Daan G. Uitenbroek
- 0000 0000 9418 9094grid.413928.5Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service (GGD) Amsterdam, PO Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel F. van der Wal
- 0000 0000 9418 9094grid.413928.5Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service (GGD) Amsterdam, PO Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mai J. M. Chinapaw
- 0000 0004 0435 165Xgrid.16872.3aDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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von Rosen P, Heijne A, Frohm A, Fridén C. Menstrual irregularity and use of oral contraceptives in female adolescent athletes in Swedish National Sports High Schools. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0113/ijamh-2017-0113.xml. [PMID: 29168967 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Female adolescent athletes seem to use oral contraceptives (OCs) in the same proportion as the general population. In athletes not using OCs, menstrual irregularity (MI) is reported to be common but there are few studies of MI in adolescent athletes. The aim of the study was to survey menarche, menstrual irregularity and use of OCs in adolescent athletes in the National Sports High Schools in Sweden. A further aim was to study the associations between current sport injury and menstrual irregularity as well as use of OCs. Subjects Two hundred and ninety-eight female adolescent athletes at Swedish National Sports High Schools. Methods A web-based questionnaire containing questions related to menstrual status, contraception and current injury. Results One third (32.6%) of the athletes used OCs and of the remaining athletes 31.8% had MI. The group of athletes with MI had a significantly (p = 0.038; Cohen's d, 0.32) lower BMI and consisted of a significantly (p = 0.043) higher proportion of endurance athletes. OC users were less likely to participate in endurance sports compared to non-OC users (p = 0.024). Current injury was equally distributed in the OC and the non-OC group but athletes with MI had fewer sports injuries compared to eumenorrheic women. Conclusion OCs are frequently used among athletes at Swedish National Sports High Schools. OC users were less likely to participate in endurance sports compared to non-OC users. MI was common and athletes with MI had lower BMI compared to eumenorrheic athletes. Sports injuries were not associated with use of OC and eumenorrheic athletes had a higher proportion of current injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip von Rosen
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Annette Heijne
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Frohm
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Swedish Sports Confederation Center, Bosön Sports Clinic, Lidingö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Fridén
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, 23100, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden, Phone: +46707415122
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Xing C, Huang Z, Li J, Li M, Xu L, Tao J, Fu L, Fang Y. Interactions of physical activity and body mass index with age at menarche: A school-based sample of Chinese female adolescents. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 218:68-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Beukers F, Rotteveel J, van Weissenbruch MM, Ganzevoort W, van Goudoever JB, van Wassenaer-Leemhuis AG. Growth throughout childhood of children born growth restricted. Arch Dis Child 2017; 102:735-741. [PMID: 28360187 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies that examine growth in growth-restricted children at birth do not discriminate between fetal growth restriction (FGR) and small for gestational age (SGA). These terms however are not synonymous. In SGA, stunting and increased weight gain have been reported. We do not know if this holds true for FGR. Our aim was to study postnatal growth until age 12.5 years in a cohort of children born FGR due to early onset placental insufficiency, and its relation to FGR severity. DESIGN Prospective cohort study, follow-up of an antenatal randomised controlled trial in two tertiary centres. PATIENTS Children aged 12.5 years born after FGR, with mothers who had severe early onset hypertensive pregnancy disorders (N=96). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anthropometry at age 12.5 years in SD scores (SDS). RESULTS Mean height SDS (SD) corrected for target height was -0.09 (0.94), mean body mass index (BMI) SDS was 0.00 (1.16) and mean head circumference SDS was -0.37 (1.11). Catch-up growth was at fastest rate between term age and 3 months and similar for height (0.55 SDS/months) and weight (0.49 SDS/months). Neither FGR severity nor gestational age was related to height and BMI at age 12.5 years. CONCLUSIONS Children born growth restricted due to early onset placental insufficiency have height and BMI scores comparable to their age-matched peers at age 12.5 years. FGR severity was not related to height and BMI at age 12.5 years. These reassuring results differ from most studies that examine SGA children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenny Beukers
- Department of Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Rotteveel
- Department of Paediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wessel Ganzevoort
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B van Goudoever
- Department of Paediatrics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Paediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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