1
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Zamanian MY, Ivraghi MS, Gupta R, Prasad KDV, Alsaab HO, Hussien BM, Ahmed H, Ramadan MF, Golmohammadi M, Nikbakht N, Oz T, Kujawska M. miR-221 and Parkinson's disease: A biomarker with therapeutic potential. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:283-297. [PMID: 38043936 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to various motor and non-motor symptoms. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms such as alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They are typically about 21-25 nucleotides in length and are involved in the regulation of gene expression by binding to the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. miRNAs like miR-221 play important roles in various biological processes, including development, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. miR-221 promotes neuronal survival against oxidative stress and neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation. Additionally, the role of miR-221 in PD has been investigated in several studies. According to the results of these studies, (1) miR-221 protects PC12 cells against oxidative stress induced by 6-hydroxydopamine; (2) miR-221 prevents Bax/caspase-3 signalling activation by stopping Bim; (3) miR-221 has moderate predictive power for PD; (4) miR-221 directly targets PTEN, and PTEN over-expression eliminates the protective action of miR-221 on p-AKT expression in PC12 cells; and (5) miRNA-221 controls cell viability and apoptosis by manipulating the Akt signalling pathway in PD. This review study suggested that miR-221 has the potential to be used as a clinical biomarker for PD diagnosis and stage assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K D V Prasad
- Symbiosis Institute of Business Management (SIBM), Hyderabad, India
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Hazem Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Nikbakht
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tuba Oz
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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2
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Huang B, Zhang X, Cao Q, Chen J, Lin C, Xiang T, Zeng P. Construction and validation of a prognostic risk model for breast cancer based on protein expression. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:148. [PMID: 35787690 PMCID: PMC9252042 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the primary cause of mortality among females globally. The combination of advanced genomic analysis with proteomics characterization to construct a protein prognostic model will help to screen effective biomarkers and find new therapeutic directions. This study obtained proteomics data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) dataset and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to construct a prognostic risk model, which was consisted of 6 proteins (CASPASE7CLEAVEDD198, NFKBP65-pS536, PCADHERIN, P27, X4EBP1-pT70, and EIF4G). Based on risk curves, survival curves, receiver operating characteristic curves, and independent prognostic analysis, the protein prognostic model could be viewed as an independent factor to accurately predict the survival time of BRCA patients. We further validated that this prognostic model had good predictive performance in the GSE88770 dataset. The expression of 6 proteins was significantly associated with the overall survival of BRCA patients. The 6 proteins and encoding genes were differentially expressed in normal and primary tumor tissues and in different BRCA stages. In addition, we verified the expression of 3 differential proteins by immunohistochemistry and found that CDH3 and EIF4G1 were significantly higher in breast cancer tissues. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the 6 genes were mainly related to the HIF-1 signaling pathway and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. This study suggested that the prognosis-related proteins might serve as new biomarkers for BRCA diagnosis, and that the risk model could be used to predict the prognosis of BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xujun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenhong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Xiang
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, China.
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3
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Paul U, Banerjee S. The functional significance and cross-talk of non-coding RNAs in triple negative and quadruple negative breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6899-6918. [PMID: 35235157 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
One of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide is breast cancer, among which triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant and lethal subtype. This cancer accounts for 10-20% of all breast cancer deaths. Proliferation, tumorigenesis, and prognosis of TNBC are affected when the androgen receptor (AR) is not expressed, and it is classified as quadruple negative breast cancer (QNBC). Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a significant role in tumorigenesis by virtue of their oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. To regulate tumorigenesis, miRNAs interact with their target mRNAs and modulate their expression, whereas lncRNAs can either act alone or interact with miRNAs or other molecules through various signaling pathways. Conversely, circRNAs regulate tumorigenesis by acting as miRNA sponges predominantly. Recently, non-coding RNAs were studied comprehensively for their roles in tumor proliferation, progression, and metastasis. As a result of existing studies and research progress, non-coding RNAs have been implicated in TNBC, necessitating their use as biomarkers for future diagnostic applications. In this review, the non-coding RNAs are explicitly implicated in the regulation of breast cancer, and their cross-talk between TNBC and QNBC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpalendu Paul
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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4
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Das PK, Siddika MA, Asha SY, Aktar S, Rakib MA, Khanam JA, Pillai S, Islam F. MicroRNAs, a Promising Target for Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:69-83. [PMID: 31758333 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-019-00439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of the stem cell programme in breast cancer is significantly associated with persistent cancer progression and therapeutic failure. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are involved in the process of breast cancer initiation, metastasis and cancer relapse. Among the various important cues found in the formation and progression of BCSCs, microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play a pivotal role by regulating the expression of various tumour suppressor genes or oncogenes. Accordingly, there is evidence that miRNAs are associated with BCSC self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance, and therefore cancer recurrence. miRNAs execute their roles by regulating the expression of stemness markers, activation of signalling pathways or their components and regulation of transcription networks in BCSCs. Therefore, a better understanding of the association between BCSCs and miRNAs has the potential to help design more effective and safer therapeutic solutions against breast cancer. Thus, an miRNA-based therapeutic strategy may open up new horizons for the treatment of breast cancer in the future. In view of this, we present the progress to date of miRNA research associated with stemness marker expression, signalling pathways and activation of transcription networks to regulate the self-renewal, differentiation and therapy resistance properties of BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon Kumar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Saharia Yeasmin Asha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Aktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rakib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jahan Ara Khanam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh. .,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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5
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Triple negative breast cancer in the era of miRNA. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103196. [PMID: 33307198 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to elucidate the role of miRNAs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). To achieve our goal, we searched databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, Web of Science and Scopus. We retrieved up to 1233 articles, based a rigorous selection criterion, only 197 articles were extensively reviewed. We selected articles only addressing TNBC, but not other types of breast cancer, with the employed approach being miRNA analysis and/or profiling. Our extensive review resulted in grouping of miRNAs into categories in which specific members of miRNAs have roles in specific mechanism in TNBC i.e., carcinogenesis, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. TNBC is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer; therefore, different approaches for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and treatment are needed. In this review we summarize the up-to-date miRNA profiling, prognostic, and therapeutic findings that add to the route of controlling TNBC.
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6
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Volovat SR, Volovat C, Hordila I, Hordila DA, Mirestean CC, Miron OT, Lungulescu C, Scripcariu DV, Stolniceanu CR, Konsoulova-Kirova AA, Grigorescu C, Stefanescu C, Volovat CC, Augustin I. MiRNA and LncRNA as Potential Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:526850. [PMID: 33330019 PMCID: PMC7716774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.526850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) include a diverse range of RNA species, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). MiRNAs, ncRNAs of approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length, are involved in gene expression regulation either via degradation or silencing of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and have roles in multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. LncRNAs, which are longer than 200 nucleotides, comprise one of the largest and most heterogeneous RNA families. LncRNAs can activate or repress gene expression through various mechanisms, acting alone or in combination with miRNAs and other molecules as part of various pathways. Until recently, most research has focused on individual lncRNA and miRNA functions as regulators, and there is limited available data on ncRNA interactions relating to the tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy of cancer, acting either on mRNA alone or as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents approximately 10%-20% of all breast cancers (BCs) and is highly heterogenous and more aggressive than other types of BC, for which current targeted treatment options include hormonotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapy; however, no targeted therapies for TNBC are available, partly because of a lack of predictive biomarkers. With advances in proteomics, new evidence has emerged demonstrating the implications of dysregulation of ncRNAs in TNBC etiology. Here, we review the roles of lncRNAs and miRNAs implicated in TNBC, including their interactions and regulatory networks. Our synthesis provides insight into the mechanisms involved in TNBC progression and has potential to aid the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ruxandra Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Constantin Volovat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania.,Center of Oncology Euroclinic, Iași, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristian Lungulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Cati Raluca Stolniceanu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
| | | | - Cristina Grigorescu
- Department of Surgery, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Cipriana Stefanescu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iasi, Iași, Romania
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7
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Angius A, Cossu-Rocca P, Arru C, Muroni MR, Rallo V, Carru C, Uva P, Pira G, Orrù S, De Miglio MR. Modulatory Role of microRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer with Basal-Like Phenotype. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3298. [PMID: 33171872 PMCID: PMC7695196 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new research, classification, and therapeutic options are urgently required due to the fact that TNBC is a heterogeneous malignancy. The expression of high molecular weight cytokeratins identifies a biologically and clinically distinct subgroup of TNBCs with a basal-like phenotype, representing about 75% of TNBCs, while the remaining 25% includes all other intrinsic subtypes. The triple negative phenotype in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) makes it unresponsive to endocrine therapy, i.e., tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors, and/or anti-HER2-targeted therapies; for this reason, only chemotherapy can be considered an approach available for systemic treatment even if it shows poor prognosis. Therefore, treatment for these subgroups of patients is a strong challenge for oncologists due to disease heterogeneity and the absence of unambiguous molecular targets. Dysregulation of the cellular miRNAome has been related to huge cellular process deregulations underlying human malignancy. Consequently, epigenetics is a field of great promise in cancer research. Increasing evidence suggests that specific miRNA clusters/signatures might be of clinical utility in TNBCs with basal-like phenotype. The epigenetic mechanisms behind tumorigenesis enable progress in the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. This review intends to summarize the epigenetic findings related to miRNAome in TNBCs with basal-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angius
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Paolo Cossu-Rocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (P.C.-R.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Diagnostic Services, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASSL Olbia-ATS Sardegna, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | - Caterina Arru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Via P. Manzella, 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (P.C.-R.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Rallo
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Paolo Uva
- CRS4, Science and Technology Park Polaris, Piscina Manna, 09010 Pula, CA, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Pira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (C.A.); (C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Sandra Orrù
- Department of Pathology, “A. Businco” Oncologic Hospital, ASL Cagliari, 09121 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), CNR, Cittadella Universitaria di Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
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8
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Asgharzade S, Sheikhshabani SH, Ghasempour E, Heidari R, Rahmati S, Mohammadi M, Jazaeri A, Amini-Farsani Z. The effect of oleuropein on apoptotic pathway regulators in breast cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173509. [PMID: 32889065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In spite of advancements in breast cancer therapy, this disease is still one of the significant causes of women fatalities globally. Dysregulation of miRNA plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cancer. Therefore, the administration of herbal compounds with anticancer effects through controlling microRNA expression can be considered as a promising therapy for cancer. Oleuropein is the most prevalent phenolic compound in olive. Given its domestic consumption, low cost, and nontoxicity for human beings, oleuropein can be used in combination with the standard chemotherapy drugs. To this end, we examined the effect of oleuropein on two breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231). Our findings revealed that oleuropein significantly decreased cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while it increased the apoptosis in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In the presence of oleuropein, the expression levels of miR-125b, miR-16, miR-34a, p53, p21, and TNFRS10B increased, while that of bcl-2, mcl1, miR-221, miR-29a and miR-21 decreased. The findings pointed out that oeluropein may induce apoptosis via not only increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and tumor suppressor miRNAs, but also decreasing the expression of anti-apoptotic genes and oncomiR. Consequently, oleuropein can be regarded as a suitable herbal medication for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Asgharzade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Elham Ghasempour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Razieh Heidari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shima Rahmati
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mohammadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jazaeri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amini-Farsani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Bluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
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9
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Decreased CDKL2 expression is correlated with the progression and poor prognosis of glioma. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Razavipour SF, Harikumar KB, Slingerland JM. p27 as a Transcriptional Regulator: New Roles in Development and Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3451-3458. [PMID: 32341036 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
p27 binds and inhibits cyclin-CDK to arrest the cell cycle. p27 also regulates other processes including cell migration and development independent of its cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitory action. p27 is an atypical tumor suppressor-deletion or mutational inactivation of the gene encoding p27, CDKN1B, is rare in human cancers. p27 is rarely fully lost in cancers because it can play both tumor suppressive and oncogenic roles. Until recently, the paradigm was that oncogenic deregulation results from either loss of growth restraint due to excess p27 proteolysis or from an oncogenic gain of function through PI3K-mediated C-terminal p27 phosphorylation, which disrupts the cytoskeleton to increase cell motility and metastasis. In cancers, C-terminal phosphorylation alters p27 protein-protein interactions and shifts p27 from CDK inhibitor to oncogene. Recent data indicate p27 regulates transcription and acts as a transcriptional coregulator of cJun. C-terminal p27 phosphorylation increases p27-cJun recruitment to and action on target genes to drive oncogenic pathways and repress differentiation programs. This review focuses on noncanonical, CDK-independent functions of p27 in migration, invasion, development, and gene expression, with emphasis on how transcriptional regulation by p27 illuminates its actions in cancer. A better understanding of how p27-associated transcriptional complexes are regulated might identify new therapeutic targets at the interface between differentiation and growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Fatemeh Razavipour
- Breast Cancer Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC
| | - Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Joyce M Slingerland
- Breast Cancer Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC.
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11
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Huang S, Zhang Q, Yao H, Wang W, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Quantitative Detection and Imaging of Multiple Biological Molecules in Living Cells for Cell Screening. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1149-1157. [PMID: 32164417 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Because of insufficient information, a single biomarker is not sufficient for early diagnosis of cancer, whereas sensitive and selective detection of multiple biomolecules can significantly reduce analysis time, sample size, and accurately perform cell screening in early cancer. Therefore, the development of a noninvasive strategy that can simultaneously quantify multiple biomarkers (i.e., nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules) in a single cell is particularly important. Herein, a universal sensing system (functional DNA@mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN)-Black Hole Quencher-rhodamine 6G (RhB), FDSBR), which is based on the combination of functionalized DNA and smart responsive nanomaterial, was successfully constructed. After incubation with the cells, different types of targets trigger the strand displacement reaction to release the fluorophore-labeled nucleic acids as the output signals to reflect the intracellular level of the telomerase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), respectively. Simultaneously, intracellular miR-21 can be clearly indicated by the restored fluorescence of RhB when the caged double-stranded DNA was substituted into single-stranded DNA to open the pore. The concentrations of intracellular telomerase, miR-21, and ATP were identified successfully in three cell lines at the single-cell level. The results show that the contents of three biomolecules have significant differences in the three model cell lines and provide a promising route for developing innovative early disease diagnosis and cell screening assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiqin Yao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Nanjing University Jinling College, Nanjing 210089, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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12
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Ahmed F, Ijaz B, Ahmad Z, Farooq N, Sarwar MB, Husnain T. Modification of miRNA Expression through plant extracts and compounds against breast cancer: Mechanism and translational significance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 68:153168. [PMID: 31982837 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is hyper-proliferative, multi-factorial and multi-step, heterogeneous group of molecular disorders. It is the second most reported disease after heart diseases. Breast carcinoma is the foremost death causing disease in female population worldwide. Cancer can be controlled by regulating the gene expression. Current therapeutic options are associated with severe side effects and are expensive for the people living in under-developed countries. Plant derived substances have potential application against different diseases like cancer, inflammation and viral infections. HYPOTHESIS The mechanism of action of the medicinal plants is largely unknown. Targeting gene network and miRNA using medicinal plants could help in improving the therapeutic options against cancer. METHODS The literature from 135 articles was reviewed by using PubMed, google scholar, Science direct to find out the plants and plant-based compounds against breast cancer and also the studies reporting their mechanistic route of action both at coding and noncoding RNA levels. RESULTS Natural products act as selective inhibitors of the cancerous cells by targeting oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes or altering miRNA expression. Natural compounds like EGCG from tea, Genistein from fava beans, curcumin from turmeric, DIM found in cruciferous, Resveratrol a polyphenol and Quercetin a flavonoid is found in various plants have been studied for their anticancer activity. The EGCG was found to inhibit proliferative activity by modulating miR-16 and miR-21. Similarly, DIM was found to down regulate miR-92a which results to modulate NFkB and stops cancer development. Another plant-based compound Glyceollins found to upregulate miR-181c and miR-181d having role in tumor suppression. It also found to regulate miR-22, 29b and c, miR-30d, 34a and 195. Quercetin having anti-cancer activity induce the apoptosis through regulating miR-16, 26b, 34a, let-7g, 125a and miR-605 and reduce the miRNA expression like miR-146a/b, 503 and 194 which are involved in metastasis. CONCLUSION Targeting miRNA expression using natural plant extracts can have a reverse effect on cell proliferation; turning on and off tumor-inducing and suppressing genes. It can be efficiently adopted as an adjuvant with the conventional form of therapies to increase their efficacy against cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayyaz Ahmed
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Ijaz
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Zarnab Ahmad
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Farooq
- Department of Surgery, Sir Gangaram Hospital Lahore Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Sarwar
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tayyab Husnain
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
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14
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Emerging ways to treat breast cancer: will promises be met? Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:605-621. [PMID: 30259416 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women and it is responsible for more than 40,000 deaths in the United States and more than 500,000 deaths worldwide each year. In previous decades, the development of improved screening, diagnosis and treatment methods has led to decreases in BC mortality rates. More recently, novel targeted therapeutic options, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors that target specific cancer cell-related components, have been developed. These components include ErbB family members (HER1, HER2, HER3 and HER4), Ras/MAPK pathway components (Ras, Raf, MEK and ERK), VEGF family members (VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGF and PGF), apoptosis and cell cycle regulators (BAK, BAX, BCL-2, BCL-X, MCL-1 and BCL-W, p53 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway components) and DNA repair pathway components such as BRCA1. In addition, long noncoding RNA inhibitor-, microRNA inhibitor/mimic- and immunotherapy-based approaches are being developed for the treatment of BC. Finally, a novel powerful technique called CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing is emerging as a precise tool for the targeted treatment of cancer, including BC. CONCLUSIONS Potential new strategies that are designed to specifically target BC are presented. Several clinical trials using these strategies are already in progress and have shown promising results, but inherent limitations such as off-target effects and low delivery efficiencies still have to be resolved. By improving the clinical efficacy of current therapies and exploring new ones, it is anticipated that novel ways to overcome BC may become attainable.
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Piasecka D, Braun M, Kordek R, Sadej R, Romanska H. MicroRNAs in regulation of triple-negative breast cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:1401-1411. [PMID: 29923083 PMCID: PMC6061037 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysregulation of miRNA profile has been associated with a broad spectrum of cellular processes underlying progression of various human malignancies. Increasing evidence suggests that specific microRNA clusters might be of clinical utility, especially in triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC), devoid of both predictive markers and potential therapeutic targets. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the existing data on microRNAs in TNBC, their molecular targets, a putative role in invasive progression with a particular emphasis on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and acquisition of stem-cell properties (CSC), regarded both as prerequisites for metastasis, and significance for therapy. METHODS PubMed and Medline databases were systematically searched for the relevant literature. 121 articles have been selected and thoroughly analysed. RESULTS Several miRNAs associated with EMT/CSC and invasion were identified as significantly (1) upregulated: miR-10b, miR-21, miR-29, miR-9, miR-221/222, miR-373 or (2) downregulated: miR-145, miR-199a-5p, miR-200 family, miR-203, miR-205 in TNBC. Dysregulation of miR-10b, miR-21, miR-29, miR-145, miR-200 family, miR-203, miR-221/222 was reported of prognostic value in TNBC patients. CONCLUSION Available data suggest that specific microRNA clusters might play an important role in biology of TNBC, understanding of which should assist disease prognostication and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Braun
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Postgraduate School for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radzislaw Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Hanna Romanska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between miR-221 expression and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.miR-221 expression in 69 osteosarcoma specimens and corresponding noncancer tissues were characterized by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The associations of miR-221 expression with clinicopathologic factors and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma were statistically analyzed.miR-221 expression in patients with osteosarcoma was significantly higher than in the corresponding noncancer tissues (P < .01). miR-221 overexpression was significantly associated with tumor stage, metastatic status, and response to chemotherapy pretreatment. Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-221expression, metastasis, and response to chemotherapy were independent prognostic indicators for osteosarcoma.miR-221 upregulation may predict clinical outcomes in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Li Y, Humphries B, Yang C, Wang Z. Nanoparticle-Mediated Therapeutic Agent Delivery for Treating Metastatic Breast Cancer-Challenges and Opportunities. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8060361. [PMID: 29794968 PMCID: PMC6027372 DOI: 10.3390/nano8060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in American women and more than 90% of BC-related death is caused by metastatic BC (MBC). This review stresses the limited success of traditional therapies as well as the use of nanomedicine for treating MBC. Understanding the biological barriers of MBC that nanoparticle in vivo trafficking must overcome could provide valuable new insights for translating nanomedicine from the bench side to the bedside. A view about nanomedicine applied in BC therapy has been summarized with their present status, which is gaining attention in the clinically-applied landscape. The progressions of drug/gene delivery systems, especially the status of their preclinical or clinical trials, are also discussed. Here we highlight that the treatment of metastasis, in addition to the extensively described inhibition of primary tumor growth, is an indispensable requirement for nanomedicine. Along with more innovations in material chemistry and more progressions in biology, nanomedicine will constantly supply more exciting new approaches for targeted drug/gene delivery against MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Center for Research on Environment Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Brock Humphries
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Center for Research on Environment Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Center for Research on Environment Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Ochoa AE, Choi W, Su X, Siefker-Radtke A, Czerniak B, Dinney C, McConkey DJ. Specific micro-RNA expression patterns distinguish the basal and luminal subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80164-80174. [PMID: 27845906 PMCID: PMC5348311 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of non-coding RNAs in controlling clinical and biological heterogeneity in bladder cancer remain unclear. We used TCGA's published dataset (n = 405 tumors) as a discovery cohort and created a new validation cohort to define the miRNA expression patterns in the basal and luminal molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We identified 63 miRNAs by PAM, which optimally identified basal and luminal tumors. The targets of the top luminal miRNAs were activators of EMT (ZEB1, ZEB2) and basal subtype transcription (IL-6, EGFR, STAT3), whereas the targets of the top basal miRNAs were involved in adipogenesis pathways and luminal breast cancer (ERBB2, ERBB3). We also identified a 15-miRNA signature that identified stromally infiltrated basal and luminal MIBCs corresponding to the “cluster IV/immune undifferentiated/claudin-low” and “cluster II/luminal immune” subtypes identified previously, which likely contain samples with higher infiltration rates. Using the 63-miRNA signature, we accurately assigned MIBCs to the basal and luminal subtypes and confirmed that patients with basal tumors had shorter overall survival. The results strongly suggest that miRNAs contribute to the control of the gene expression patterns observed in basal and luminal MIBCs and that they can be used as biomarkers and candidate therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Ochoa
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Woonyoung Choi
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Arlene Siefker-Radtke
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bogdan Czerniak
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Colin Dinney
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David J McConkey
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Program in Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Program in Cancer Biology, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Chen J, Chen Z, Huang J, Chen F, Ye W, Ding G, Wang X. Bioinformatics identification of dysregulated microRNAs in triple negative breast cancer based on microRNA expression profiling. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3017-3023. [PMID: 29435032 PMCID: PMC5778821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer cases and is usually more aggressive with a poorer clinical outcome compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Evidence of the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer has provided an opportunity for the development of novel effective therapeutic targets in TNBC. In the present study, the miRNA expression profiles of the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells, was evaluated by using miRNA microarray analysis. A total of 107 differentially expressed miRNAs (57 upregulated and 50 downregulated) were identified in MDA-MB-231 cells compared with MCF-7 cells. Five prominently dysregulated miRNAs (miR-200c-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-192-5p and miR-146a) were further confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, gene ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the dysregulated miRNAs and predicted targets were found to be involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt, and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways, which were known to contribute to TNBC progression and metastasis. Finally, miRNA gene network analyses suggested that miR-200c may serve as a crucial miRNA in breast cancer. Taken together, these findings may provide a comprehensive view of the function of aberrant miRNAs involved in TNBC, and dysregulated miRNAs hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhanhong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Weiwu Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Ding
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Mehrgou A, Akouchekian M. Therapeutic impacts of microRNAs in breast cancer by their roles in regulating processes involved in this disease. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 22:130. [PMID: 29387117 PMCID: PMC5767816 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_967_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women around the world. So far, many attempts have been made to treat this disease, but few effective treatments have been discovered. In this work, we reviewed the related articles in the limited period of time, 2000-2016, through search in PubMed, Scopus database, Google Scholar, and psychology and psychiatry literature (PsycINFO). We selected the articles about the correlation of microRNAs (miRNAs) and breast cancer in the insight into therapeutic applicability from mentioned genetics research databases. The miRNAs as an effective therapy for breast cancer was at the center of our attention. Hormone therapy and chemotherapy are two major methods that are being used frequently in breast cancer treatment. In the search for an effective therapy for breast cancer, miRNAs suggest a promising method of treatment. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that can turn genes on or off and can have critical roles in cancer treatment; therefore, in the near future, usage of these biological molecules in breast cancer treatment can be considered a weapon against most common cancer-related concerns in women. Here, we discuss miRNAs and their roles in various aspects of breast cancer treatment to help find an alternative and effective way to treat or even cure this preventable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mehrgou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Akouchekian
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Deng L, Lei Q, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xie G, Zhong X, Wang Y, Chen N, Qiu Y, Pu T, Bu H, Zheng H. Downregulation of miR-221-3p and upregulation of its target gene PARP1 are prognostic biomarkers for triple negative breast cancer patients and associated with poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108712-108725. [PMID: 29312562 PMCID: PMC5752475 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) closely associated with the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and their possible targets. This study recruited 125 early-stage TNBC patients, including 40 cases in the experimental group (20 cases with poor prognoses vs. 20 cases with good prognoses) and 85 cases in the validation group (27 cases with poor prognoses vs. 58 cases with good prognoses). In the experimental group, miRNA microarray showed 34 differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with different prognoses. We selected 5 miRNAs for validation. The differential expression of miR-221-3p was further verified in the experimental and validation groups using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). High miR-221-3p expression was associated with better 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.480; 95% CI, 0.263-0.879; p = 0.017) of TNBC patients. High expression of its target gene PARP1 predicted poorer 5-year DFS (HR = 2.236, 95% CI, 1.209-4.136, p = 0.010). MiR-221-3p down-regulated PARP1 by targeting its 3'-untranslated region. In conclusion, low miR-221-3p expression may contribute to the poor outcome of TNBC patients through regulating PARP1. MiR-221-3p likely plays a role as a PARP1 inhibitor by directly regulating PARP1 expression, thereby affecting the prognoses of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Lei
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing Cancer Institute & Hospital & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiqin Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nianyong Chen
- Cancer center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianjie Pu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Cancer center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Du L, Ma S, Wen X, Chai J, Zhou D. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cells are resistant to doxorubicin through upregulation of miR‑221. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2659-2667. [PMID: 28677788 PMCID: PMC5547975 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells are usually resistant to doxorubicin, resulting in limited application of doxorubicin in OSCC treatment. MicroRNA (miR)‑221 has been reported to be involved in the development of OSCC; however, it remains unclear if and how miR‑221 is implicated in modulating the sensitivity of OSCC cells to doxorubicin. In the present study, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was used to assess miR‑221 expression in OSCC cells in response to doxorubicin treatment. In addition, the SCC4 and SCC9 OSCC cell lines were transfected with anti‑miR‑221 oligonucleotides and cell viability and apoptosis following doxorubicin treatment were evaluated using an MTT assay and Annexin V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate/Hoechst double staining, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‑3 (TIMP3) in anti‑miR‑221‑transfected cells were assessed using RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay was performed to investigate whether TIMP3 may be a direct target gene of miR‑221. To explore the roles of TIMP3 in miR‑221‑mediated cell responses, TIMP3 expression was silenced following transfection with TIMP3‑targeting small interfering (si)RNA in cells overexpressing miR‑221, and cell viability and apoptosis in response to doxorubicin treatment were measured. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR‑221 expression was upregulated in SCC4 and SCC9 cells following treatment with doxorubicin. However, inhibiting the doxorubicin‑induced upregulation of miR‑221 through transfection with anti‑miR‑221 oligonucleotides led to an increase in the sensitivity of OSCC cells to doxorubicin. In addition, the results indicated that TIMP3 was a direct target of miR‑221 in OSCC cells, as determined by a 3'‑untranslated region luciferase reporter assay. Co‑transfection of cells with anti‑miR‑221 oligonucleotides and TIMP3‑specific small interfering RNA resulted in reduced sensitivity to doxorubicin compared with the cells transfected with the miR‑221 inhibitor alone. In conclusion, these results indicated that OSCC cells are resistant to doxorubicin through upregulation of miR‑221, which in turn downregulates TIMP3. Therefore, silencing miR‑221 or upregulating TIMP3 may be considered promising therapeutic approaches to enhance the sensitivity of OSCC to doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhi Du
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Siwei Ma
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Wen
- School of Sports and Health, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Dangxia Zhou
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Li J, Li Q, Huang H, Li Y, Li L, Hou W, You Z. Overexpression of miRNA-221 promotes cell proliferation by targeting the apoptotic protease activating factor-1 and indicates a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1087-1096. [PMID: 28350128 PMCID: PMC5363885 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding, endogenous RNAs involved in cancer development and progression. MicroRNA-221 (mir-221) has been reported to have both an oncogenic and tumor-suppressive role in human tumors, but the role of miR-221 in ovarian cancer is poorly understood. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-221 and the apoptosis protease activating factor 1 (APAF1) protein in 63 samples of ovarian cancer tissues and the cell lines, IOSE25, A2780, OVCAR3, SKOV3 and 3AO were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8); cell migration and invasion were detected using a Transwell assay; cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and Hoechst staining, and a luciferase assay was performed to verify a putative target site of miR-221 in the 3′-UTR of APAF1 mRNA. Expression of miR-221 was upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues. Patients with increased miR-221 expression levels had a reduced disease-free survival (P=0.0014) and overall survival (P=0.0058) compared with those with low miR-221 expression. Transfection of SKOV3 and A2780 cell lines with miR-221 inhibitor induced APAF1 protein expression, suppressed cell proliferation and migration and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the APAF1 gene was confirmed as a direct target of miR-221 and overexpression of APAF1 suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in vitro. These findings indicate that miR-221-APAF1 should be studied further as a potential new diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Yinguang Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zeshan You
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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26
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Wang D, Liu M, Gu S, Zhou Y, Li S. Microtopography Attenuates Endothelial Cell Proliferation by Regulating MicroRNAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2017.83013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pradhan AK, Talukdar S, Bhoopathi P, Shen XN, Emdad L, Das SK, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. mda-7/IL-24 Mediates Cancer Cell-Specific Death via Regulation of miR-221 and the Beclin-1 Axis. Cancer Res 2016; 77:949-959. [PMID: 27940575 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7/IL-24 (mda-7/IL-24) displays broad-spectrum anticancer activity in vitro, in vivo in preclinical animal models, and in a phase I/II clinical trial in patients with advanced cancers without harming normal cells or tissues. Here we demonstrate that mda-7/IL-24 regulates a specific subset of miRNAs, including cancer-associated miR-221. Either ectopic expression of mda-7/IL-24 or treatment with recombinant His-MDA-7 protein resulted in downregulation of miR-221 and upregulation of p27 and PUMA in a panel of cancer cells, culminating in cell death. Mda-7/IL-24-induced cancer cell death was dependent on reactive oxygen species induction and was rescued by overexpression of miR-221. Beclin-1 was identified as a new transcriptional target of miR-221, and mda-7/IL-24 regulated autophagy through a miR-221/beclin-1 feedback loop. In a human breast cancer xenograft model, miR-221-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 clones were more aggressive and resistant to mda-7/IL-24-mediated cell death than parental clones. This is the first demonstration that mda-7/IL-24 directly regulates miRNA expression in cancer cells and highlights the novelty of the mda-7/IL-24-miR-221-beclin-1 loop in mediating cancer cell-specific death. Cancer Res; 77(4); 949-59. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan K Pradhan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sarmistha Talukdar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia. .,VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.,VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
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28
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Novel insight into triple-negative breast cancers, the emerging role of angiogenesis, and antiangiogenic therapy. Expert Rev Mol Med 2016; 18:e18. [DOI: 10.1017/erm.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumours characterised by lack of expression of oestrogen-, progesterone- and human epidermal growth factor receptors. TNBC, which represents approximately 15% of all mammary tumours, has a poor prognosis because of an aggressive behaviour and the lack of specific treatment. Accordingly, TNBC has become a major focus of research into breast cancer and is now classified into several molecular subtypes, each with a different prognosis. Pathological angiogenesis occurs at a late stage in the proliferation of TNBC and is associated with invasion and metastasis; there is an association with metabolic syndrome. Semaphorins are a versatile family of proteins with multiple roles in angiogenesis, tumour growth and metastasis and may represent a clinically useful focus for therapeutic targeting in this type of breast cancer. Another important field of investigation into the control of pathological angiogenesis is related to the expression of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) – these molecules can be considered as a therapeutic target or as a biomarker. Several molecular agents for intervening in the activity of different signalling pathways are being explored in TNBC, but none has so far proved effective in clinical trials and the disease continues to pose a defining challenge for clinical management as well as innovative cancer research.
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29
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Kolesnikov NN, Veryaskina YA, Titov SE, Rodionov VV, Gening TP, Abakumova TV, Kometova VV, Torosyan MK, Zhimulev IF. Expression of micrornas in molecular genetic breast cancer subtypes. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2016; 20:100026. [PMID: 31255253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is shown that each type of human malignancies has a unique set of expressed miRNAs, and tumor-specific miRNAs in biological tissues of a patient are stable. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the expression of miRNAs in tumor tissue of invasive breast carcinoma compared to normal tissue, as well as to analyze the variable expression of miRNAs in molecular genetic subtypes of breast cancer. METHODS We determined differences in mRNA expression in 35 biopsies of tumor tissue of various molecular genetic subtypes of breast cancer and 35 biopsies of adjacent conventionally normal breast tissue by RT-PCR in real time. We assessed the expression levels of miRNA-21, 221, 222, 155, 205, 20a , 125b and 200a. RESULTS A significant increase in the level of expression of the oncogenic miRNA-20a (p=0.000141) and miRNA-221 (p=0.037777) in the triple negative cancer in comparison with the luminal A and luminal B/HER2/neu-negative breast cancer subtypes was established. Assessment of significance of the results was conducted using ROC analysis. For miRNA-221 AUC value was 0.772, for miRNA-20a AUC value was 0.949. The obtained results suggest the possibility of using the levels of miRNA-21, 155, 205, 125b expression in tumor tissue to assess a malignant potential of a breast carcinoma. The levels of expression of oncogenic miRNA-221 and miRNA-20a are increased in TNBC compared with luminal A and luminal B/HER2/neu-negative breast cancer subtypes, supporting the characteristic of TNBC as the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer. MiRNA-20a is a marker of TNBC compared with luminal subtypes of breast cancer. MICRO ABSTRACT To identify markers for breast cancer with triple-negative phenotype, we evaluated expression levels of siRNA-21, 221, 222, 155, 205, 20a, 125b, 200a and 146b in the tumor tissue of 35 patients by RT-PCR. AUC value equal to 0.949 in the ROC-analysis allows us to recommend the miRNA-20a as a marker of triple negative breast cancer to differentiate it from the luminal subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Kolesnikov
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yu A Veryaskina
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - S E Titov
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Company "Vector-Best", Koltsovo, Russia
| | - V V Rodionov
- Ulyanovsk State University, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia; Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - T P Gening
- Ulyanovsk State University, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia.
| | - T V Abakumova
- Ulyanovsk State University, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - V V Kometova
- Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - M Kh Torosyan
- Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
| | - I F Zhimulev
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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30
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Zhou Z, Kennell C, Lee JY, Leung YK, Tarapore P. Calcium phosphate-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced triple negative breast cancer treatment via co-delivery of paclitaxel and miR-221/222 inhibitors. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:403-410. [PMID: 27520723 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a development of a novel calcium phosphate-polymer hybrid nanoparticle system is reported.The nanoparticle system can co-encapsulate and co-deliver a combination of therapeutic agents with different physicochemical properties (i.e., inhibitors for microRNA-221 and microRNA-222 (miRi-221/222) and paclitaxel (pac)).miRi-221/222 are hydrophilic and were encapsulated with calcium phosphate by co-precipitation in a water-in-oil emulsion.The precipitates were then coated with an anionic lipid, dioleoylphosphatidic acid (DOPA), to co-encapsulate hydrophobic paclitaxel outside the hydrophilic precipitates and inside the same nanoparticle.The nanoparticles formed by following this approach had a size of about ≤100nm and contained both lipid-coated calcium phosphate/miRi and paclitaxel.This nanoparticle system was found to simultaneously deliver paclitaxel and miRi-221/222 to their intracellular targets, leading to inhibit proliferative mechanisms of miR-221/222 and thus significantly enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilan Zhou
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Carly Kennell
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joo-Youp Lee
- Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Biomedical, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Pheruza Tarapore
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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31
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Petrovic N, Davidovic R, Jovanovic-Cupic S, Krajnovic M, Lukic S, Petrovic M, Roganovic J. Changes in miR-221/222 Levels in Invasive and In Situ Carcinomas of the Breast: Differences in Association with Estrogen Receptor and TIMP3 Expression Levels. Mol Diagn Ther 2016; 20:603-615. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Rhodes LV, Martin EC, Segar HC, Miller DFB, Buechlein A, Rusch DB, Nephew KP, Burow ME, Collins-Burow BM. Dual regulation by microRNA-200b-3p and microRNA-200b-5p in the inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16638-52. [PMID: 26062653 PMCID: PMC4599295 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves loss of an epithelial phenotype and activation of a mesenchymal one. Enhanced expression of genes associated with a mesenchymal transition includes ZEB1/2, TWIST, and FOXC1. miRNAs are known regulators of gene expression and altered miRNA expression is known to enhance EMT in breast cancer. Here we demonstrate that the tumor suppressive miRNA family, miR-200, is not expressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and that miR-200b-3p over-expression represses EMT, which is evident through decreased migration and increased CDH1 expression. Despite the loss of migratory capacity following re-expression of miR-200b-3p, no subsequent loss of the conventional miR-200 family targets and EMT markers ZEB1/2 was observed. Next generation RNA-sequencing analysis showed that enhanced expression of pri-miR-200b lead to ectopic expression of both miR-200b-3p and miR-200b-5p with multiple isomiRs expressed for each of these miRNAs. Furthermore, miR-200b-5p was expressed in the receptor positive, epithelial breast cancer cell lines but not in the TNBC (mesenchymal) cell lines. In addition, a compensatory mechanism for miR-200b-3p/200b-5p targeting, where both miRNAs target the RHOGDI pathway leading to non-canonical repression of EMT, was demonstrated. Collectively, these data are the first to demonstrate dual targeting by miR-200b-3p and miR-200b-5p and a previously undescribed role for microRNA processing and strand expression in EMT and TNBC, the most aggressive breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay V Rhodes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - H Chris Segar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David F B Miller
- Medical Sciences and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Aaron Buechlein
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Douglas B Rusch
- Indiana University Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Medical Sciences and Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bridgette M Collins-Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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33
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Di Martino MT, Rossi M, Caracciolo D, Gullà A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Mir-221/222 are promising targets for innovative anticancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1099-108. [PMID: 26959615 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1164693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key non-coding RNA post-transcriptional regulators of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and are deeply dysregulated in human cancer. A rising body of evidence indicates that miRNAs represent valuable therapeutic targets. In this light, the cluster miR-221/222 are of particular relevance, given that they are strongly upregulated in a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. AREA COVERED This review summarizes recent findings on the roles played by miR-221/222 in human cancer and their potential clinical value as promising targets for therapeutic studies. EXPERT OPINION The rising body of advanced preclinical evidence on the biological significance of miR-221/222 in a variety of malignancies indicates that they will play a crucial role in the future of innovative therapeutic strategies, both as validated biomarkers and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy.,b Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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34
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Conde J, Oliva N, Atilano M, Song HS, Artzi N. Self-assembled RNA-triple-helix hydrogel scaffold for microRNA modulation in the tumour microenvironment. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:353-63. [PMID: 26641016 PMCID: PMC6594154 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of miRNA (miR) in cancer is limited by the lack of efficient delivery vehicles. Here, we show that a self-assembled dual-colour RNA-triple-helix structure comprising two miRNAs-a miR mimic (tumour suppressor miRNA) and an antagomiR (oncomiR inhibitor)-provides outstanding capability to synergistically abrogate tumours. Conjugation of RNA triple helices to dendrimers allows the formation of stable triplex nanoparticles, which form an RNA-triple-helix adhesive scaffold upon interaction with dextran aldehyde, the latter able to chemically interact and adhere to natural tissue amines in the tumour. We also show that the self-assembled RNA-triple-helix conjugates remain functional in vitro and in vivo, and that they lead to nearly 90% levels of tumour shrinkage two weeks post-gel implantation in a triple-negative breast cancer mouse model. Our findings suggest that the RNA-triple-helix hydrogels can be used as an efficient anticancer platform to locally modulate the expression of endogenous miRs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conde
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.C. or N.A. ;
| | - Nuria Oliva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mariana Atilano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials, Institut Quimic de Sarria-Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Hyun Seok Song
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Yuseong, Daejeon 169-148, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.C. or N.A. ;
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35
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Downregulation of miR-221 enhances the sensitivity of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells to Adriamycin through upregulation of TIMP3 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 77:72-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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36
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Motawi TMK, Sadik NAH, Shaker OG, El Masry MR, Mohareb F. Study of microRNAs-21/221 as potential breast cancer biomarkers in Egyptian women. Gene 2016; 590:210-9. [PMID: 26827795 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cancer prognosis. They are small molecules, approximately 17-25 nucleotides in length, and their high stability in human serum supports their use as novel diagnostic biomarkers of cancer and other pathological conditions. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns of miR-21 and miR-221 in the serum from a total of 100 Egyptian female subjects with breast cancer, fibroadenoma, and healthy control subjects. Using microarray-based expression profiling followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction validation, we compared the levels of the two circulating miRNAs in the serum of patients with breast cancer (n=50), fibroadenoma (n=25), and healthy controls (n=25). The miRNA SNORD68 was chosen as the housekeeping endogenous control. We found that the serum levels of miR-21 and miR-221 were significantly overexpressed in breast cancer patients compared to normal controls and fibroadenoma patients. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that miR-21 has greater potential in discriminating between breast cancer patients and the control group, while miR-221 has greater potential in discriminating between breast cancer and fibroadenoma patients. Classification models using k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Random Forests (RF) were developed using expression levels of both miR-21 and miR-221. Best classification performance was achieved by NB Classification models, reaching 91% of correct classification. Furthermore, relative miR-221 expression was associated with histological tumor grades. Therefore, it may be concluded that both miR-21 and miR-221 can be used to differentiate between breast cancer patients and healthy controls, but that the diagnostic accuracy of serum miR-21 is superior to miR-221 for breast cancer prediction. miR-221 has more diagnostic power in discriminating between breast cancer and fibroadenoma patients. The overexpression of miR-221 has been associated with the breast cancer grade. We also demonstrated that the combined expression of miR-21 and miR-221can be successfully applied as breast cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Maha Rafik El Masry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Fady Mohareb
- The Bioinformatics Group, School of Energy, Environment and AgriFood, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
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Roscigno G, Quintavalle C, Donnarumma E, Puoti I, Diaz-Lagares A, Iaboni M, Fiore D, Russo V, Todaro M, Romano G, Thomas R, Cortino G, Gaggianesi M, Esteller M, Croce CM, Condorelli G. MiR-221 promotes stemness of breast cancer cells by targeting DNMT3b. Oncotarget 2016; 7:580-92. [PMID: 26556862 PMCID: PMC4808019 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small part of the heterogeneous tumor cell population possessing self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential as well as a great ability to sustain tumorigenesis. The molecular pathways underlying CSC phenotype are not yet well characterized. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that play a powerful role in biological processes. Early studies have linked miRs to the control of self-renewal and differentiation in normal and cancer stem cells. We aimed to study the functional role of miRs in human breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), also named mammospheres. We found that miR-221 was upregulated in BCSCs compared to their differentiated counterpart. Similarly, mammospheres from T47D cells had an increased level of miR-221 compared to differentiated cells. Transfection of miR-221 in T47D cells increased the number of mammospheres and the expression of stem cell markers. Among miR-221's targets, we identified DNMT3b. Furthermore, in BCSCs we found that DNMT3b repressed the expression of various stemness genes, such as Nanog and Oct 3/4, acting on the methylation of their promoters, partially reverting the effect of miR-221 on stemness. We hypothesize that miR-221 contributes to breast cancer tumorigenicity by regulating stemness, at least in part through the control of DNMT3b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Roscigno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Quintavalle
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Puoti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angel Diaz-Lagares
- Epigenetic and Cancer Biology Program (PEBC) IDIBELL, Hospital Duran I Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margherita Iaboni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Fiore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Romano
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Renato Thomas
- Department of Surgical and Oncology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cortino
- Department of Surgical and Oncology, Clinica Mediterranea, Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manel Esteller
- Epigenetic and Cancer Biology Program (PEBC) IDIBELL, Hospital Duran I Reynals, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gerolama Condorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- IEOS-CNR, Naples, Italy
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MiRNAs and Other Epigenetic Changes as Biomarkers in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28347-76. [PMID: 26633365 PMCID: PMC4691037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterised by the lack of receptors for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). Since it cannot be treated by current endocrine therapies which target these receptors and due to its aggressive nature, it has one of the worst prognoses of all breast cancer subtypes. The only treatments remain chemo- and/or radio-therapy and surgery and because of this, novel biomarkers or treatment targets are urgently required to improve disease outcomes. MicroRNAs represent an attractive candidate for targeted therapies against TNBC, due to their natural ability to act as antisense interactors and regulators of entire gene sets involved in malignancy and their superiority over mRNA profiling to accurately classify disease. Here we review the current knowledge regarding miRNAs as biomarkers in TNBC and their potential use as therapeutic targets in this disease. Further, we review other epigenetic changes and interactions of these changes with microRNAs in this breast cancer subtype, which may lead to the discovery of new treatment targets for TNBC.
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39
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Zhang G, Liu Z, Xu H, Yang Q. miR-409-3p suppresses breast cancer cell growth and invasion by targeting Akt1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 469:189-95. [PMID: 26631969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Altered levels and functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) are correlated with carcinogenesis. While miR-409-3p has been shown to play important roles in several cancer types, its function in the context of breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. In this study, miR-409-3p was significantly downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines, compared with the corresponding control counterparts. Overexpression of miR-409-3p inhibited BC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Notably, miR-409-3p induced downregulation of Akt1 protein through binding to its 3' untranslated region (UTR). Conversely, restoring Akt1 expression rescued the suppressive effects of miR-409-3p. Our data collectively indicate that miR-409-3p functions as a tumor suppressor in BC through downregulating Akt1, supporting the targeting of the novel miR-409-3p/Akt1 axis as a potentially effective therapeutic approach for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, 661 Second Huanghe Street, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Zengyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, 661 Second Huanghe Street, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Wang W, Luo YP. MicroRNAs in breast cancer: oncogene and tumor suppressors with clinical potential. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2015; 16:18-31. [PMID: 25559952 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1400184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small single-stranded RNA molecules, which function as key negative regulators of post-transcriptional modulation in almost all biological processes. Abnormal expression of microRNAs has been observed in various types of cancer including breast cancer. Great efforts have been made to identify an association between microRNA expression profiles and breast cancer, and to understand the functional role and molecular mechanism of aberrant-expressed microRNAs. As research progressed, 'oncogenic microRNAs' and 'tumor suppressive microRNAs' became a focus of interest. The potential of candidate microRNAs from both intercellular (tissue) and extracellular (serum) sources for clinical diagnosis and prognosis was revealed, and treatments involving microRNA achieved some amazing curative effects in cancer disease models. In this review, advances from the most recent studies of microRNAs in one of the most common cancers, breast cancer, are highlighted, especially the functions of specifically selected microRNAs. We also assess the potential value of these microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and discuss the possible development of microRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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41
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Zhu J, Liu F, Wu Q, Liu X. MiR-221 increases osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration partly through the downregulation of PTEN. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1377-83. [PMID: 26397386 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in cancer initiation and progression. Previous studies have indicated that miR-221 is one of the most consistently overexpressed miRNAs in multiple types of cancer. However, the role of miR-221 in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and progression is not yet fully understood. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the expression of miR-221 in osteosarcoma and to determine the effects of miR-221 on the biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of miR-221 was significantly upregulated in the osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines (p<0.05). In order to explore the role of miR-221 in osteosarcoma, the expression of miR-221 in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG‑63 was upregulated or downregulated by transfection with miR-221 mimic or miR-221 inhibitor, respectively. The results from RT-qPCR revealed that we had successfully generated MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was either overexpressed or depleted. To investigate the effects of miR-221 on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration, a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, a transwell migration assay and a wound healing assay were used in the present study. The results revealed that the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of the MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was overexpressed was enhanced, and the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of the MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was depleted was suppressed. The correlation between miR-221 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression was investigated by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The results revealed that the downregulation of miR-221 significantly increased the expression of PTEN, whereas the upregulation of miR-221 significantly reduced the expression of PTEN. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-221 enhances the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of osteosarcoma cells partly by suppressing PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Quanming Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Sehgal M, Zeremski M, Talal AH, Ginwala R, Elrod E, Grakoui A, Li QG, Philip R, Khan ZK, Jain P. IFN-α-Induced Downregulation of miR-221 in Dendritic Cells: Implications for HCV Pathogenesis and Treatment. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:698-709. [PMID: 26090579 PMCID: PMC4560851 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although interferon (IFN)-α is known to exert immunomodulatory and antiproliferative effects on dendritic cells (DCs) through induction of protein-coding IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), little is known about IFN-α-regulated miRNAs in DCs. Since several miRNAs are involved in regulating DC functions, it is important to investigate whether IFN-α's effects on DCs are mediated through miRNAs as well. In this study, we examined miRNA expression patterns in myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs after exposing them to IFN-α. We report that IFN-α downregulates miR-221 in both DC subsets via inhibition of STAT3. We validated proapoptotic proteins BCL2L11 and CDKN1C as miR-221 targets suggesting that IFN-α can induce DC apoptosis via miR-221 downregulation. In addition, we validated another miR-221 target, SOCS1, which is known to be a negative regulator of JAK/STAT signaling. Consistent with this, miR-221 overexpression in mDCs enhanced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals undergoing IFN-α-based treatment the baseline miR-221 expression was lower in non-responders compared with responders; and miR-221 expression directly correlated with DC frequency and IL-6/TNF-α secretion. In addition to PBMCs, we isolated total liver cells and kupffer cells from HCV-infected individuals and individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis. We found that both total liver cells and kupffer cells from HCV-infected individuals had significantly higher miR-221 levels compared with individuals with cirrhosis. Overall, we demonstrate that IFN-α exerts both antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects on mDCs via miR-221 downregulation; and IFN-miR-221 axis can play important role in HCV pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Sehgal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew H. Talal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rashida Ginwala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Qi-Ging Li
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ramila Philip
- Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania
| | - Zafar K. Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Eissa S, Matboli M, Sharawy A, El-Sharkawi F. Prognostic and biological significance of microRNA-221 in breast cancer. Gene 2015; 574:163-7. [PMID: 26253160 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is the most notorious cancer between females with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the differential expression of breast tissues microRNA-221 (miR-221) and assess its prognostic and biological significance in breast cancer (BC). METHODS A quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) assay was performed to detect the expression of breast tissue miR-221 in different subtypes of BC (n=76) and controls (n=36) and its correlations with clinicopathological factors of patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were performed to analyze the prognostic significance of miR-221 expression. RESULT Our data indicated that the relative level of miR-221 expression in BC tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous breast tissues (p<0.01). Of 76 BC patients, 62 (81.6%) were positive cases. By statistical analyses, high miR-221 expression was observed to be closely correlated with advanced clinical stage (p<0.01). Moreover, patients with high miR-221 expression had worse 5-year relapse free survival (p=0.0124). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that high miR-221 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for BC patients. CONCLUSION miR-221 is a potential biomarker for predicting the survival of BC patients and may be a molecular therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Eissa
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 11381, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 11381, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sharawy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Fathia El-Sharkawi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt.
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44
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Cai G, Qiao S, Chen K. Suppression of miR-221 inhibits glioma cells proliferation and invasion via targeting SEMA3B. Biol Res 2015. [PMID: 26197878 PMCID: PMC4511551 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-015-0030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common primary tumors in the central nervous system. Due to complicated signaling pathways involved in glioma progression, effective targets for treatment and biomarkers for prognosis prediction are still scant. Results In this study we revealed that a new microRNA (miR), the miR-221, was highly expressed in the glioma cells, and suppression of miR-221 resulted in decreased cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma cells. Mechanistic experiments validated that miR-221 participates in regulating glioma cells proliferation and invasion via suppression of a direct target gene, the Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B). The rescue experiment with miR-221 and SEMA3B both knockdown results in significant reversion of miR-221 induced phenotypes. Conclusion Taken together, our findings highlight an unappreciated role for miR-221 and SEMA3B in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Cai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Zhang W, Xu J, Shi Y, Sun Q, Zhang Q, Guan X. The novel role of miRNAs for tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2575-84. [PMID: 25782411 PMCID: PMC11113898 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen is the most commonly used treatment for patients with ER-positive breast cancer. However, tumor cells often develop resistance to tamoxifen therapy, which is a major obstacle limiting the success of breast cancer treatment. miRNAs, as oncogenic or tumor suppressor genes, regulate the expression and function of their related target genes to affect the biological behaviors of cancer cells, including cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. In detail, many miRNAs associated with breast cancer tamoxifen resistance have been identified, which offer new targets for breast cancer therapy. Here, we review the miRNAs involved in regulation of tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer and the mechanism of how the modulation of miRNAs may regulate the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen. We also discuss the future prospects of studies about miRNAs in regulation of tamoxifen resistance and miRNA-based therapeutics for tamoxifen resistance breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
| | - Yaqin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002 China
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Chistiakov DA, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. Human miR-221/222 in Physiological and Atherosclerotic Vascular Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:354517. [PMID: 26221589 PMCID: PMC4499635 DOI: 10.1155/2015/354517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A cluster of miR-221/222 is a key player in vascular biology through exhibiting its effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). These miRNAs contribute to vascular remodeling, an adaptive process involving phenotypic and behavioral changes in vascular cells in response to vascular injury. In proliferative vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, pathological vascular remodeling plays a prominent role. The miR-221/222 cluster controls development and differentiation of ECs but inhibits their proangiogenic activation, proliferation, and migration. miR-221/222 are primarily implicated in maintaining endothelial integrity and supporting quiescent EC phenotype. Vascular expression of miR-221/222 is upregulated in initial atherogenic stages causing inhibition of angiogenic recruitment of ECs and increasing endothelial dysfunction and EC apoptosis. In contrast, these miRNAs stimulate VSMCs and switching from the VSMC "contractile" phenotype to the "synthetic" phenotype associated with induction of proliferation and motility. In atherosclerotic vessels, miR-221/222 drive neointima formation. Both miRNAs contribute to atherogenic calcification of VSMCs. In advanced plaques, chronic inflammation downregulates miR-221/222 expression in ECs that in turn could activate intralesion neoangiogenesis. In addition, both miRNAs could contribute to cardiovascular pathology through their effects on fat and glucose metabolism in nonvascular tissues such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Chistiakov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
- The Mount Sinai Community Clinical Oncology Program, Mount Sinai Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Igor A. Sobenin
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, Moscow 121552, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 121609, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Bobryshev
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine and St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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Krakowsky RHE, Tollefsbol TO. Impact of Nutrition on Non-Coding RNA Epigenetics in Breast and Gynecological Cancer. Front Nutr 2015; 2:16. [PMID: 26075205 PMCID: PMC4445322 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in females. According to the American Cancer Society, there are 327,660 new cases in breast and gynecological cancers estimated in 2014, placing emphasis on the need for cancer prevention and new cancer treatment strategies. One important approach to cancer prevention involves phytochemicals, biologically active compounds derived from plants. A variety of studies on the impact of dietary compounds found in cruciferous vegetables, green tea, and spices like curry and black pepper have revealed epigenetic changes in female cancers. Thus, an important emerging topic comprises epigenetic changes due to the modulation of non-coding RNA levels. Since it has been shown that non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancer, and furthermore are linked to distinct cancer phenotypes, understanding the effects of dietary compounds and supplements on the epigenetic modulator non-coding RNA is of great interest. This article reviews the current findings on nutrition-induced changes in breast and gynecological cancers at the non-coding RNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna H E Krakowsky
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Comprehensive Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA ; Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
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48
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Nie W, Song W, Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhu A, Shao J, Guan X. miR-1470 mediates lapatinib induced p27 upregulation by targeting c-jun. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1630-9. [PMID: 25545366 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Nie
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Aiyu Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Shao
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; School of Medicine; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology; Jinling Hospital; Medical School of Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
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Modulation of microRNAs by phytochemicals in cancer: underlying mechanisms and translational significance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:848710. [PMID: 25853141 PMCID: PMC4380282 DOI: 10.1155/2015/848710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate a variety of biological processes such as differentiation, development, and survival. Recent studies suggest that miRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and play critical roles in cancer initiation, progression, and chemoresistance. Therefore, exploitation of miRNAs as targets for cancer prevention and therapy could be a promising approach. Extensive evidence suggests that many naturally occurring phytochemicals regulate the expression of numerous miRNAs involved in the pathobiology of cancer. Therefore, an understanding of the regulation of miRNAs by phytochemicals in cancer, their underlying molecular mechanisms, and functional consequences on tumor pathophysiology may be useful in formulating novel strategies to combat this devastating disease. These aspects are discussed in this review paper with an objective of highlighting the significance of these observations from the translational standpoint.
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50
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Sui X, Wang X, Han W, Li D, Xu Y, Lou F, Zhou J, Gu X, Zhu J, Zhang C, Pan H. MicroRNAs-mediated cell fate in triple negative breast cancers. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:8-12. [PMID: 25748387 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as major modulators of posttranscriptional protein-coding gene expression in diverse biological processes including cell survival, cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, and differentiation. The control of miRNAs plays an important role in cancer initiation and metastasis. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a distinct breast cancer subtype, which is defined by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu). Due to its high recurrence rate and poor prognosis, TNBC represents a challenge for breast cancer therapy. In recent years, a large number of microRNAs have been identified to play a crucial role in TNBC and some of them were found to be correlated with worse prognosis of TNBC. Thus, understanding the novel function of miRNAs may allow us to develop promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbing Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Lou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xidong Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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