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Gabrielson PW, Maneveldt GW, Hughey JR, Peña V. Taxonomic contributions to Hapalidiales (Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta): Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., Lithothamnion redefined and with three new species and Roseolithon with new combinations. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:751-774. [PMID: 37243501 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic analyses of rbcL gene sequences and of concatenated rbcL, psbA, and nuclear SSU rRNA gene sequences resolved the generitype of Lithothamnion, L. muelleri, in a clade with three other southern Australian species, L. kraftii sp. nov., L. saundersii sp. nov., and L. woelkerlingii sp. nov. Cold water boreal species currently classified in Lithothamnion and whose type specimens have been sequenced are transferred to Boreolithothamnion gen. nov., with B. glaciale comb. nov. as the generitype. The other species are B. giganteum comb. nov., B. phymatodeum comb. nov., and B. sonderi comb. nov., whose type specimens are newly sequenced, and B. lemoineae comb. nov., B. soriferum comb. nov., and B. tophiforme comb. nov., whose type specimens were already sequenced. Based on rbcL sequences from the type specimens of Lithothamnion crispatum, L. indicum, and L. superpositum, each is recognized as a distinct species and transferred to the recently described Roseolithon as R. crispatum comb. nov., R. indicum comb. nov., and R. superpositum com. nov., respectively. To correctly assign species to these three genera based only on morpho-anatomy, specimens must have multiporate conceptacles and some epithallial cells with flared walls. The discussion provides examples demonstrating that only with phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences can the evolution of morpho-anatomical characters of non-geniculate corallines be understood and applied at the correct taxonomic rank. Finally, phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences support recognition of the Hapalidiales as a distinct order characterized by having multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles, and not as a suborder of Corallinales whose tetra/bisporangial conceptacles are uniporate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gavin W Maneveldt
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, California, USA
| | - Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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2
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Basso D, Piazza G, Bracchi VA. Calcification traits for cryptic species identification: Insights into coralline biomineralization. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273505. [PMID: 36190996 PMCID: PMC9529143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcareous red algae are foundation species and ecosystem engineers with a global distribution. The principles governing their calcification pathways are still debated and the morphological characters are frequently unreliable for species segregation, as shown by molecular genetics. The recent description of the new species Lithophyllum pseudoracemus, previously undetected and morphologically confused with Lithophyllum racemus, offered a challenging opportunity to test the effectiveness of microanatomy and ultrastructural calcification traits as tools for the identification of these two species, for integrative taxonomy. High resolution SEM images of molecularly identified samples showed that the different size of the perithallial cells and the features of the asexual conceptacle chambers may contribute to the separation of the two species. The two species share the same crystallite morphology in the primary and secondary cell-wall calcification, as previously described in other species belonging to the same clade. However, the perithallial secondary calcification was significantly thicker in L. racemus than in L. pseudoracemus. We described a granular calcified layer in the innermost part of the cell wall, as a putative precursor phase in the biomineralization and formation of the secondary calcification. The hypothesis of different pathways for the formation of the primary and secondary calcification is supported by the observed cell elongation associated with thicker and higher Mg/Ca primary calcification, the inverse correlation of primary and secondary calcification thickness, and the absence of primary calcification in the newly formed wall cutting off an epithallial cell from the meristem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Basso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- CoNISMa Research Unit of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Giulia Piazza
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentina Alice Bracchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- CoNISMa Research Unit of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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3
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Boo GH, Leliaert F, Le Gall L, Coppejans E, De Clerck O, Van Nguyen T, Payri CE, Miller KA, Yoon HS. Ancient Tethyan Vicariance and Long-Distance Dispersal Drive Global Diversification and Cryptic Speciation in the Red Seaweed Pterocladiella. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:849476. [PMID: 35720545 PMCID: PMC9201827 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the globally distributed red algal genus Pterocladiella, comprising 24 described species, many of which are economically important sources of agar and agarose. We used DNA-based species delimitation approaches, phylogenetic, and historical biogeographical analyses to uncover cryptic diversity and infer the drivers of biogeographic patterns. We delimited 43 species in Pterocladiella, of which 19 are undescribed. Our multigene time-calibrated phylogeny and ancestral area reconstruction indicated that Pterocladiella most likely originated during the Early Cretaceous in the Tethys Sea. Ancient Tethyan vicariance and long-distance dispersal have shaped current distribution patterns. The ancestor of Eastern Pacific species likely arose before the formation of the formidable Eastern Pacific Barrier-a first confirmation using molecular data in red algae. Divergences of Northeast and Southeast Pacific species have been driven by the Central American Seaway barrier, which, paradoxically, served as a dispersal pathway for Atlantic species. Both long- and short-distance dispersal scenarios are supported by genetic relationships within cosmopolitan species based on haplotype analysis. Asymmetrical distributions and the predominance of peripatry and sympatry between sister species suggest the importance of budding speciation in Pterocladiella. Our study highlights the underestimation of global diversity in these crucial components of coastal ecosystems and provides evidence for the complex evolution of current species distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hun Boo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Paris, France
- University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Frederik Leliaert
- Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
- Phycology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Eric Coppejans
- Phycology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tu Van Nguyen
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Claude E. Payri
- UMR Entropie (IRD, Ifremer, Univ Nouvelle-Calédonie, Univ La Réunion, CNRS), Nouméa, New Caledonia
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Hwan Su Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Cid Alda FP, Valdivia N, Guillemin ML. More than What Meets the Eye: Differential Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cryptic Intertidal Bangiales. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:605. [PMID: 35270075 PMCID: PMC8912569 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphologically similar but genetically distinct species have been termed cryptic and most have been assumed to be ecologically similar. However, if these species co-occur at a certain spatial scale, some niche differences at finer scales should be expected to allow for coexistence. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a disjointed distribution of cryptic bladed Bangiales along spatial (intertidal elevations) and temporal (seasons) environmental gradients. Bladed Bangiales were identified and quantified across four intertidal elevations and four seasons for one year, at five rocky intertidal sites (between 39° S and 43° S) in southern Chile. Species determination was based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene amplification. To assess species gross morphology, thallus shape, color, and maximum length and width were recorded. Hundreds of organisms were classified into nine Bangiales species belonging to three genera (i.e., Fuscifolium, Porphyra, and Pyropia), including five frequent (>97% of specimens) and four infrequent species. All species, except for Pyropia saldanhae, had been previously reported along the coasts of Chile. The thallus shape and color were very variable, and a large overlap of the maximum width and length supported the cryptic status of these species. Multivariate analyses showed that the main variable affecting species composition was intertidal elevation. Species such as Py. orbicularis were more abundant in low and mid intertidal zones, while others, such as Po. mumfordii and Po. sp. FIH, were principally observed in high and spray elevations. Despite all numerically dominant species being present all year long, a slight effect of seasonal variation on species composition was also detected. These results strongly support the existence of spatial niche partitioning in cryptic Bangiales along the Chilean rocky intertidal zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P. Cid Alda
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 1145, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Nelson Valdivia
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Marie-Laure Guillemin
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, IRL 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff, France
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Peña V, Harvey BP, Agostini S, Porzio L, Milazzo M, Horta P, Le Gall L, Hall-Spencer JM. Major loss of coralline algal diversity in response to ocean acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:4785-4798. [PMID: 34268846 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcified coralline algae are ecologically important in rocky habitats in the marine photic zone worldwide and there is growing concern that ocean acidification will severely impact them. Laboratory studies of these algae in simulated ocean acidification conditions have revealed wide variability in growth, photosynthesis and calcification responses, making it difficult to assess their future biodiversity, abundance and contribution to ecosystem function. Here, we apply molecular systematic tools to assess the impact of natural gradients in seawater carbonate chemistry on the biodiversity of coralline algae in the Mediterranean and the NW Pacific, link this to their evolutionary history and evaluate their potential future biodiversity and abundance. We found a decrease in the taxonomic diversity of coralline algae with increasing acidification with more than half of the species lost in high pCO2 conditions. Sporolithales is the oldest order (Lower Cretaceous) and diversified when ocean chemistry favoured low Mg calcite deposition; it is less diverse today and was the most sensitive to ocean acidification. Corallinales were also reduced in cover and diversity but several species survived at high pCO2 ; it is the most recent order of coralline algae and originated when ocean chemistry favoured aragonite and high Mg calcite deposition. The sharp decline in cover and thickness of coralline algal carbonate deposits at high pCO2 highlighted their lower fitness in response to ocean acidification. Reductions in CO2 emissions are needed to limit the risk of losing coralline algal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Ben P Harvey
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sylvain Agostini
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Lucia Porzio
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Marco Milazzo
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paulo Horta
- Laboratory of Phycology, Department of Botany, Center for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Calderon MS, Bustamante DE, Gabrielson PW, Martone PT, Hind KR, Schipper SR, Mansilla A. Type specimen sequencing, multilocus analyses, and species delimitation methods recognize the cosmopolitan Corallina berteroi and establish the northern Japanese C. yendoi sp. nov. (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:1659-1672. [PMID: 34310713 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A partial rbcL sequence of the lectotype specimen of Corallina berteroi shows that it is the earliest available name for C. ferreyrae. Multilocus species delimitation analyses (ABGD, SPN, GMYC, bPTP, and BPP) using independent or concatenated COI, psbA, and rbcL sequences recognized one, two, or three species in this complex, but only with weak support for each species hypothesis. Conservatively, we recognize a single worldwide species in this complex of what appears to be multiple, evolving populations. Included in this species, besides C. ferreyrae, are C. caespitosa, the morphologically distinct C. melobesioides, and, based on a partial rbcL sequence of the holotype specimen, C. pinnatifolia. Corallina berteroi, not C. officinalis, is the cosmopolitan temperate species found thus far in the NE Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, warm temperate NW Atlantic and NE Pacific, cold temperate SW Atlantic (Falkland Islands), cold and warm temperate SE Pacific, NW Pacific and southern Australia. Also proposed is C. yendoi sp. nov. from Hokkaido, Japan, which was recognized as distinct by 10 of the 13 species discrimination analyses, including the multilocus BPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha S Calderon
- Laboratorio de Ecosistemas Marinos Antárticos y Sub-antárticos (LEMAS), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Danilo E Bustamante
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (FICIAM), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, Coker Hall CB 3280, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Botany Department & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Katharine R Hind
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 Station CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Soren R Schipper
- Botany Department & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Andrés Mansilla
- Laboratorio de Ecosistemas Marinos Antárticos y Sub-antárticos (LEMAS), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Santiago, Chile
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Jenkins TL, Guillemin M, Simon‐Nutbrown C, Burdett HL, Stevens JR, Peña V. Whole genome genotyping reveals discrete genetic diversity in north-east Atlantic maerl beds. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1558-1571. [PMID: 34178104 PMCID: PMC8210795 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maerl beds are vital habitats for a diverse array of marine species across trophic levels, but they are increasingly threatened by human activities and climate change. Furthermore, little is known about the genetic diversity of maerl-forming species and the population structure of maerl beds, both of which are important for understanding the ability of these species to adapt to changing environments and for informing marine reserve planning. In this study, we used a whole genome genotyping approach to explore the population genomics of Phymatolithon calcareum, a maerl-forming red algal species, whose geographical distribution spans the north-east Atlantic, from Norway to Portugal. Our results, using 14,150 genome-wide SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), showed that P. calcareum maerl beds across the north-east Atlantic are generally structured geographically, a pattern likely explained by low dispersal potential and limited connectivity between regions. Additionally, we found that P. calcareum from the Fal Estuary, south-west England, is genetically distinct from all other P. calcareum sampled, even from The Manacles, a site located only 13 km away. Further analysis revealed that this finding is not the result of introgression from two closely related species, Phymatolithon purpureum or Lithothamnion corallioides. Instead, this unique diversity may have been shaped over time by geographical isolation of the Fal Estuary maerl bed and a lack of gene flow with other P. calcareum populations. The genomic data presented in this study suggest that P. calcareum genetic diversity has accumulated over large temporal and spatial scales, the preservation of which will be important for maximizing the resilience of this species to changes in climate and the environment. Moreover, our findings underline the importance of managing the conservation of maerl beds across western Europe as distinct units, at a site-by-site level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom L. Jenkins
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Marie‐Laure Guillemin
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
- IRL EBEA 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, UC, UACH, Station Biologique de RoscoffSorbonne UniversitéRoscoffFrance
| | - Cornelia Simon‐Nutbrown
- Lyell Centre for Earth and Marine Science and TechnologyEdinburghUK
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and SocietyHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
- Royal Botanic Garden EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Heidi L. Burdett
- Lyell Centre for Earth and Marine Science and TechnologyEdinburghUK
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and SocietyHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
| | - Jamie R. Stevens
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Viviana Peña
- BioCost Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA)Universidade da Coruña, A CoruñaSpain
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8
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Qui-Minet ZN, Davoult D, Grall J, Delaunay C, Six C, Cariou T, Martin S. Physiology of maerl algae: Comparison of inter- and intraspecies variations. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:831-848. [PMID: 33316844 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Free-living red coralline algae play an important role in the carbon and carbonate cycles of coastal environments. In this study, we examined the physiology of free-living coralline algae-forming maerl beds in the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France), where Lithothamnion corallioides is the dominant maerl (i.e., rhodolith) species. Phymatolithon calcareum and Lithophyllum incrustans are also present (in lower abundances) at a specific site in the bay. We aimed to assess how maerl physiology is affected by seasonality and/or local environmental variations at the inter- and intraspecific levels. Physiological measurements (respiration, photosynthetic, and calcification rates) were performed using incubation chambers in winter and summer to compare (1) the dominant maerl species at three sites and (2) three coexisting maerl species at one site. Comparison of the three coexisting maerl species suggests that L. corallioides is the best adapted to the current environmental conditions in the Bay of Brest, because this species is the most robust to dissolution in the dark in winter and has the highest calcification efficiency in the light. Comparisons of L. corallioides metabolic rates between stations showed that morphological variations within this species are the main factor affecting its photosynthetic and calcification rates. Environmental factors such as freshwater inputs also affect its calcification rates in the dark. In addition to interspecies variation in maerl physiology, there were intraspecific variations associated with direct (water physico-chemistry) or indirect (morphology) local environmental conditions. This study demonstrates the plasticity of maerl physiology in response to environmental changes, which is fundamental for maerl persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujaila Nohemy Qui-Minet
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Davoult
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Grall
- IUEM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Coralie Delaunay
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Six
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Cariou
- CNRS, Fédération de Recherche FR2424, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France
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9
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Rhodolith Beds Heterogeneity along the Apulian Continental Shelf (Mediterranean Sea). JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhodolith beds represent a key habitat worldwide, from tropical to polar ecosystems. Despite this habitat is considered a hotspot of biodiversity, providing a suite of ecosystem goods and services, still scarce quantitative information is available thus far about rhodolith beds occurrence and ecological role, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. This study reports the composition and patterns of distribution of rhodolith assemblages found in four study areas along ca. 860 km of coast in the Central Mediterranean Sea. These rhodolith beds were studied for the first time and significant differences at all spatial scales have been highlighted, documenting the high variability of this habitat. Rhodolith species composition, morphology and distribution have been discussed considering the potential role of environmental factors in driving these patterns. The need for improving their protection is discussed to complement present conservation and management initiatives, particularly in the frame of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
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Díaz-Tapia P, Ly M, Verbruggen H. Extensive cryptic diversity in the widely distributed Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta): Molecular species delimitation and morphometric analyses. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 152:106909. [PMID: 32702527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of seaweed diversity and biogeography still largely relies on information derived from morphological identifications, but the use of molecular tools is revealing that cryptic diversity is common among algae. Polysiphonia scopulorum is a turf-forming red alga widely reported in tropical and temperate coasts worldwide. The only study based on material collected from its Australian type locality and the Iberian Peninsula indicates that it is a species complex, but the extent of cryptic diversity across its geographical range is not known. To investigate the species diversity in P. scopulorum, the geographical distribution of species-level lineages and their morphological characterization, we collected 135 specimens from Australia, South Africa and southern Europe. Two gene datasets (cox1 and rbcL) were used to delimit species using three methods (GMYC, PTP, ABGD), leading to a consensus result that our collections of the P. scopulorum complex comprise 12 species. Five of these species were resolved in a highly supported clade, while the other seven species were related to other taxonomically accepted species or in unresolved parts of the tree. Morphometric and statistical analysis of a set of ten quantitative characters showed that there are no clear morphological correlates of species boundaries, demonstrating true cryptic diversity in the P. scopulorum complex. Distribution patterns of the 12 species were variable, ranging from species only known from a single site to species with a wide distribution spanning three continents. Our study indicates that a significant level of undiscovered cryptic diversity is likely to be found in algal turfs, a type of seaweed community formed by small entangled species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Díaz-Tapia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Coastal Biology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña, Aptdo. 130, 15080 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Monica Ly
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Heroen Verbruggen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Brachyuran Crabs (Decapoda) Associated with Rhodolith Beds: Spatio-Temporal Variability at Gran Canaria Island. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12060223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crustaceans are a key component of the fauna living in rhodoliths, but patterns in their distribution and abundance remain largely unknown. This paper assessed spatio-temporal variability of Brachyura associated with rhodoliths. A seasonal study was conducted at three depth layers (18, 25, and 40 m), throughout two years (December 2015 to October 2017) at Gran Canaria Island (eastern Atlantic Ocean). A total of 765 crabs belonging to 10 species were collected. A larger abundance and richness of crabs at 25 m correlated with a larger biomass of epiphytic algae attached to rhodoliths. A seasonal pattern was also observed, where a higher richness of crabs occurred in the summer. The Xanthid crab, Nanocassiope melanodactylus, dominated the assemblage (83%); juveniles of this species were more abundant in deeper waters (40 m), while adults were more abundant on the shallower depth layers (18 m and 25 m). The species Pilmunus hirtellus was restricted to 25 m. Nevertheless, Pisa carinimana and Achaeus cranchii did not show any spatio-temporal pattern. In summary, this study demonstrated that two conspicuous crabs, N. melanodactylus and P. hirtellus, associated with rhodolith beds are bathymetrically segregated.
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Jaramillo AF, De La Riva I, Guayasamin JM, Chaparro JC, Gagliardi-Urrutia G, Gutiérrez RC, Brcko I, Vilà C, Castroviejo-Fisher S. Vastly underestimated species richness of Amazonian salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) and implications about plethodontid diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 149:106841. [PMID: 32305511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present data showing that the number of salamander species in Amazonia is vastly underestimated. We used DNA sequences of up to five genes (3 mitochondrial and 2 nuclear) of 366 specimens, 189 corresponding to 89 non-Amazonian nominal species and 177 Amazonian specimens, including types or topotypes, of eight of the nine recognized species in the region. By including representatives of all known species of Amazonian Bolitoglossa, except for one, and 73% of the currently 132 recognized species of the genus, our dataset represents the broadest sample of Bolitoglossa species, specimens, and geographic localities studied to date. We performed phylogenetic analyses using parsimony with tree-alignment and maximum likelihood (ML) with similarity alignment, with indels as binary characters. Our optimal topologies were used to delimit lineages that we assigned to nominal species and candidate new species following criteria that maximize the consilience of the current species taxonomy, monophyly, gaps in branch lengths, genetic distances, and geographic distribution. We contrasted the results of our species-delimitation protocol with those of Automated Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and multi-rate Poisson Tree Processes (mPTP). Finally, we inferred the historical biogeography of South American salamanders by dating the trees and using dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA). Our results revealed a clade including almost all Amazonian salamanders, with a topology incompatible with just the currently recognized nine species. Following our species-delimitation criteria, we identified 44 putative species in Amazonia. Both ABGD and mPTP inferred more species than currently recognized, but their numbers (23-49) and limits vary. Our biogeographic analysis suggested a stepping-stone colonization of the Amazonian lowlands from Central America through the Chocó and the Andes, with several late dispersals from Amazonia back into the Andes. These biogeographic events are temporally concordant with an early land bridge between Central and South America (~10-15 MYA) and major landscape changes in Amazonia during the late Miocene and Pliocene, such as the drainage of the Pebas system, the establishment of the Amazon River, and the major orogeny of the northern Andes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Jaramillo
- Pos-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil; Laboratorio de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil.
| | | | - Juan M Guayasamin
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto BIOSFERA-USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Ecuador; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Biology, USA
| | - Juan C Chaparro
- Museo de Biodiversidad del Perú (MUBI), Peru; Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Peru
| | - Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia
- Pos-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil; Laboratorio de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil; Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCB&C), Peru; Dirección de Investigación en Diversidad Biológica Terrestre Amazónica, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Peru
| | - Roberto C Gutiérrez
- Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa (MUSA), Peru
| | - Isabela Brcko
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Brazil
| | - Carles Vilà
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Spain
| | - Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher
- Pos-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil; Laboratorio de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil; Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, USA
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13
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Costa IO, Jesus PBD, de Jesus TDS, Souza PDS, Horta PA, Nunes JMDC. Reef-building coralline algae from the Southwest Atlantic: filling gaps with the recognition of Harveylithon (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) on the Brazilian coast. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:1370-1385. [PMID: 31494932 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Southwest Atlantic is notable for having extensive reef areas cemented by nongeniculate coralline red algae. Based on an analysis of four genetic markers and morpho-anatomical features, we clarify the species of Harveylithon in the tropical and warm temperate Southwest Atlantic. Species delimitation methods (mBGD, ABGD, SPN, and PTP), using three markers (psbA, rbcL, and COI), support the recognition of three new species: H. catarinense sp. nov., H. maris-bahiensis sp. nov., and H. riosmenum sp. nov., previously incorrectly called Hydrolithon samoënse. Our findings highlight the importance of using an approach with several lines of evidence to solve the taxonomic status of the cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Oliveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, s/ n, Feira de Santana, BA, 44031-460, Brazil
| | - Priscila Barreto de Jesus
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Tiana da Silva de Jesus
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Poline Dos Santos Souza
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Paulo Antunes Horta
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Caixa Postal 476, Florianópolis, SC, 88010-970, Brazil
| | - José Marcos de Castro Nunes
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
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14
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De Jode A, David R, Haguenauer A, Cahill AE, Erga Z, Guillemain D, Sartoretto S, Rocher C, Selva M, Le Gall L, Féral JP, Chenuil A. From seascape ecology to population genomics and back. Spatial and ecological differentiation among cryptic species of the red algae Lithophyllum stictiforme/L. cabiochiae, main bioconstructors of coralligenous habitats. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 137:104-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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15
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Pezzolesi L, Peña V, Le Gall L, Gabrielson PW, Kaleb S, Hughey JR, Rodondi G, Hernandez-Kantun JJ, Falace A, Basso D, Cerrano C, Rindi F. Mediterranean Lithophyllum stictiforme (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) is a genetically diverse species complex: implications for species circumscription, biogeography and conservation of coralligenous habitats. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:473-492. [PMID: 30657167 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lithophyllum species in the Mediterranean Sea function as algal bioconstructors, contributing to the formation of biogenic habitats such as coralligenous concretions. In such habitats, thalli of Lithophyllum, consisting of crusts or lamellae with entire or lobed margins, have been variously referred to as either one species, L. stictiforme, or two species, L. stictiforme and L. cabiochiae, in the recent literature. We investigated species diversity and phylogenetic relationships in these algae by sequencing three markers (psbA and rbcL genes, cox2,3 spacer), in conjunction with methods for algorithmic delimitation of species (ABGD and GMYC). Mediterranean subtidal Lithophyllum belong to a well-supported lineage, hereby called the L. stictiforme complex, which also includes two species described from the Atlantic, L. lobatum and L. searlesii. Our results indicate that the L. stictiforme complex consists of at least 13 species. Among the Mediterranean species, some are widely distributed and span most of the western and central Mediterranean, whereas others appear to be restricted to specific localities. These patterns are interpreted as possibly resulting from allopatric speciation events that took place during the Messinian Salinity Crisis and subsequent glacial periods. A partial rbcL sequence from the lectotype of L. stictiforme unambiguously indicates that this name applies to the most common subtidal Lithophyllum in the central Mediterranean. We agree with recent treatments that considered L. cabiochiae and L. stictiforme conspecific. The diversity of Lithophyllum in Mediterranean coralligenous habitats has been substantially underestimated, and future work on these and other Mediterranean corallines should use identifications based on DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pezzolesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Viviana Peña
- Grupo BioCost, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Department of Biology and Herbarium, University of North Carolina, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, 411 Central Avenue, Salinas, California, 93901, USA
| | - Graziella Rodondi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Jazmin J Hernandez-Kantun
- Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 166 PO Box 37012, Washington District of Columbia, USA
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniela Basso
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 4, 20126, Milan, Italy
- CoNISMa, ULR Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
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16
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DNA barcoding of the marine macroalgae from Nome, Alaska (Northern Bering Sea) reveals many trans-Arctic species. Polar Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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17
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Anglès d'Auriac MB, Le Gall L, Peña V, Hall-Spencer JM, Steneck RS, Fredriksen S, Gitmark J, Christie H, Husa V, Grefsrud ES, Rinde E. Efficient coralline algal psbA mini barcoding and High Resolution Melt (HRM) analysis using a simple custom DNA preparation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:578. [PMID: 30679622 PMCID: PMC6346035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coralline algae form extensive maerl and rhodolith habitats that support a rich biodiversity. Calcium carbonate harvesting as well as trawling activities threatens this ecosystem. Eleven species were recorded so far as maerl-forming in NE Atlantic, but identification based on morphological characters is unreliable. As for most red algae, we now use molecular characters to resolve identification of these taxa. However, obtaining DNA sequences requires time and resource demanding methods. The purpose of our study was to improve methods for achieving simple DNA extraction, amplification, sequencing and sequence analysis to allow robust identification of maerl species and other coralline algae. Our novel and easy DNA preparation method for coralline algae was of sufficient quality for qPCR amplification and sequencing of all 47 tested samples. The new psbA qPCR assay successfully amplified a 350 bp fragment identifying six species and uncovering two new Operational Taxonomic Units. Molecular results were corroborated with anatomical examination using i.e. scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the qPCR assay was coupled with High Resolution Melt analysis that successfully differentiated the closely related species Lithothamnion erinaceum and L. cf. glaciale. This DNA preparation and qPCR technique should vitalize coralline research by reducing time and cost associated with molecular systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Viviana Peña
- BIOCOST Research Group & CICA, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- School of Marine and Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK.,Shimoda Marine Research Centre, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | | | - Janne Gitmark
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hartvig Christie
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vivian Husa
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Eli Rinde
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), N-0349, Oslo, Norway
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18
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19
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Lagourgue L, Puillandre N, Payri CE. Exploring the Udoteaceae diversity (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) in the Caribbean region based on molecular and morphological data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:758-769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Leliaert F, De Clerck O. Refining species boundaries in algae. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:12-16. [PMID: 28295349 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Leliaert
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860, Meise, Belgium
- Phycology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Pezzolesi L, Falace A, Kaleb S, Hernandez-Kantun JJ, Cerrano C, Rindi F. Genetic and morphological variation in an ecosystem engineer, Lithophyllum byssoides (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:146-160. [PMID: 27809349 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lithophyllum byssoides is a common coralline alga in the intertidal zone of Mediterranean coasts, where it produces biogenic concretions housing a high algal and invertebrate biodiversity. This species is an ecosystem engineer and is considered a target for conservation efforts, but designing effective conservation strategies currently is impossible due to lack of information about its population structure. The morphological and molecular variation of L. byssoides was investigated using morphoanatomy and DNA sequences (psbA and cox2,3) obtained from populations at 15 localities on the Italian and Croatian coasts. Lithophyllum byssoides exhibited a high number of haplotypes (31 psbA haplotypes and 24 cox2,3 haplotypes) in the central Mediterranean. The psbA and cox2,3 phylogenies were congruent and showed seven lineages. For most of these clades, the distribution was limited to one or a few localities, but one of them (clade 7) was widespread across the central Mediterranean, spanning the main biogeographic boundaries recognized in this area. The central Mediterranean populations formed a lineage separate from Atlantic samples; psbA pair-wise divergences suggested that recognition of Atlantic and Mediterranean L. byssoides as different species may be appropriate. The central Mediterranean haplotype patterns of L. byssoides were interpreted as resulting from past climatic events in the hydrogeological history of the Mediterranean Sea. The high haplotype diversity and the restricted spatial distribution of the seven lineages suggest that individual populations should be managed as independent units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pezzolesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, I-48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jazmin J Hernandez-Kantun
- Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 166 PO Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
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22
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Montecinos AE, Couceiro L, Peters AF, Desrut A, Valero M, Guillemin ML. Species delimitation and phylogeographic analyses in the Ectocarpus subgroup siliculosi (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:17-31. [PMID: 27454456 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ectocarpus (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) contains filamentous algae widely distributed in marine and estuarine habitats of temperate regions in both hemispheres. While E. siliculosus has become a model organism for genomics and genetics of the brown macroalgae, accurate species delineation, distribution patterns and diversity for the genus Ectocarpus remain problematic. In this study, we used three independent species delimitation approaches to generate a robust species hypothesis for 729 Ectocarpus specimens collected mainly along the European and Chilean coasts. These approaches comprised phylogenetic reconstructions and two bioinformatics tools developed to objectively define species boundaries (General Mixed Yule Coalescence Method and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery). Our analyses were based on DNA sequences of two loci: the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 of the ribosomal DNA. Our analyses showed the presence of at least 15 cryptic species and suggest the existence of incomplete lineage sorting or introgression between five of them. These results suggested the possible existence of different levels of reproductive barriers within this species complex. We also detected differences among species in their phylogeographic patterns, range and depth distributions, which may suggest different biogeographic histories (e.g., endemic species or recent introductions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro E Montecinos
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Lucia Couceiro
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Akira F Peters
- Bezhin Rosko, 40 rue des pêcheurs, 29250, Santec, France
| | - Antoine Desrut
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Myriam Valero
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Marie-Laure Guillemin
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
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Hind KR, Gabrielson PW, P Jensen C, Martone PT. Crusticorallina gen. nov., a nongeniculate genus in the subfamily Corallinoideae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:929-941. [PMID: 27434825 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA (SSU) gene sequences confirm the placement of Crusticorallina gen. nov. in Corallinoideae, the first nongeniculate genus in an otherwise geniculate subfamily. Crusticorallina is distinguished from all other coralline genera by the following suite of morpho-anatomical characters: (i) sunken, uniporate gametangial and bi/tetrasporangial conceptacles, (ii) cells linked by cell fusions, not secondary pit connections, (iii) an epithallus of 1 or 2 cell layers, (iv) a hypothallus that occupies 50% or more of the total thallus thickness, (v) elongate meristematic cells, and (vi) trichocytes absent. Four species are recognized based on rbcL, psbA and COI-5P sequences, C. painei sp. nov., the generitype, C. adhaerens sp. nov., C. nootkana sp. nov. and C. muricata comb. nov., previously known as Pseudolithophyllum muricatum. Type material of Lithophyllum muricatum, basionym of C. muricata, in TRH comprises at least two taxa, and therefore we accept the previously designated lectotype specimen in UC that we sequenced to confirm its identity. Crusticorallina species are very difficult to distinguish using morpho-anatomical and/or habitat characters, although at specific sites, some species may be distinguished by a combination of morpho-anatomy, habitat and biogeography. The Northeast Pacific now boasts six coralline endemic genera, far more than any other region of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hind
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Cassandra P Jensen
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
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de Jesus PB, Nauer F, Lyra GDM, Cassano V, Oliveira MC, Nunes JMDC, Schnadelbach AS. Species-delimitation and phylogenetic analyses of some cosmopolitan species of Hypnea (Rhodophyta) reveal synonyms and misapplied names to H. cervicornis, including a new species from Brazil. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:774-792. [PMID: 27283979 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypnea has an intricate nomenclatural history due to a wide pantropical distribution and considerable morphological variation. Recent molecular studies have provided further clarification on the systematics of the genus; however, species of uncertain affinities remain due to flawed taxonomic identification. Detailed analyses coupled with literature review indicated a strong relationship among H. aspera, H. cervicornis, H. flexicaulis, and H. tenuis, suggesting a need for further taxonomic studies. Here, we analyzed sequences from two molecular markers (COI-5P and rbcL) and performed several DNA-based delimitation methods (mBGD, ABGD, SPN, PTP and GMYC). These molecular approaches were contrasted with morphological and phylogenetic evidence from type specimens and/or topotype collections of related species under a conservative approach. Our results demonstrate that H. aspera and H. flexicaulis represent heterotypic synonyms of H. cervicornis and indicate the existence of a misidentified Hypnea species, widely distributed on the Brazilian coast, described here as a new species: H. brasiliensis. Finally, inconsistencies observed among our results based on six different species delimitation methods evidence the need for adequate sampling and marker choice for different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Barreto de Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, s/n, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44031-460, Brazil
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Fabio Nauer
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Goia de Mattos Lyra
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA
| | - Valéria Cassano
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Mariana Cabral Oliveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - José Marcos de Castro Nunes
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Selbach Schnadelbach
- Laboratório de Genética e Evolução de Plantas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, Bahia, 40.170-115, Brazil
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Machín-Sánchez M, Rousseau F, Le Gall L, Cassano V, Neto AI, Sentíes A, T Fujii M, Gil-Rodríguez MC. Species diversity of the genus Osmundea (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in the Macaronesian region. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:664-681. [PMID: 27221970 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Species diversity within the genus Osmundea in the Macaronesian region was explored by conducting a comprehensive sampling in the Azores, the Canary, and the Madeira archipelagos. Toward identification, all specimens were first observed alive to verify the absence of corps en cerise, a diagnostic character for the genus and morphometric data were measured (thallus length and width, first-order branches length and width, branchlets length and width, cortical cell length and width in surface view, cortical cell length and width in transverse section). Specimens were sequenced for COI-5P (39 specimens) and three species delimitation methods (Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery method, and Poisson Tree Processes) were used to assess the threshold between infra- and interspecific relationships. Subsequently, one or several sequences of plastid-encoded large subunit of RuBisCO (21 specimens) per delimited species were generated to assess the phylogenetic relationships among Macaronesian Osmundea. Moreover, for each delineated species, vegetative and reproductive anatomy was thoroughly documented and, when possible, specimens were either assigned to existing taxa or described as novel species. This integrative approach has provided data for (i) the presence of O. oederi, O. pinnatifida, and O. truncata in Macaronesia; (ii) the proposal of two novel species, O. prudhommevanreinei sp. nov. and O. silvae sp. nov.; and (iii) evidence of an additional species referred as "Osmundea sp.1," which is a sister taxon of O. hybrida.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Machín-Sánchez
- Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Florence Rousseau
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39 75005, Paris, France
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39 75005, Paris, France
| | - Valéria Cassano
- Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana I Neto
- CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores - Departamento de Biologia, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal
| | - Abel Sentíes
- Hidrobiología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, México, D.F. 09340, México
| | - Mutue T Fujii
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, Instituto de Botânica, Av. Miguel Estéfano, 3687, 04301-902, São Paulo, Brazil
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Krayesky-Self S, Richards JL, Rahmatian M, Fredericq S. Aragonite infill in overgrown conceptacles of coralline Lithothamnion spp. (Hapalidiaceae, Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta): new insights in biomineralization and phylomineralogy. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:161-173. [PMID: 27037582 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
New empirical and quantitative data in the study of calcium carbonate biomineralization and an expanded coralline psbA framework for phylomineralogy are provided for crustose coralline red algae. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) pinpointed the exact location of calcium carbonate crystals within overgrown reproductive conceptacles in rhodolith-forming Lithothamnion species from the Gulf of Mexico and Pacific Panama. SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the elemental composition of these calcium carbonate crystals to be aragonite. After spore release, reproductive conceptacles apparently became overgrown by new vegetative growth, a strategy that may aid in sealing the empty conceptacle chamber, hence influencing the chemistry of the microenvironment and in turn promoting aragonite crystal growth. The possible relevance of various types of calcium carbonate polymorphs present in the complex internal structure and skeleton of crustose corallines is discussed. This is the first study to link SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD, Microtomography and X-ray microscopy data of aragonite infill in coralline algae with phylomineralogy. The study contributes to the growing body of literature characterizing and speculating about how the relative abundances of carbonate biominerals in corallines may vary in response to changes in atmospheric pCO2 , ocean acidification, and global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph L Richards
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Fredericq
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
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Malavasi V, Škaloud P, Rindi F, Tempesta S, Paoletti M, Pasqualetti M. DNA-Based Taxonomy in Ecologically Versatile Microalgae: A Re-Evaluation of the Species Concept within the Coccoid Green Algal Genus Coccomyxa (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151137. [PMID: 27028195 PMCID: PMC4814044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccomyxa is a genus of unicellular green algae of the class Trebouxiophyceae, well known for its cosmopolitan distribution and great ecological amplitude. The taxonomy of this genus has long been problematic, due to reliance on badly-defined and environmentally variable morphological characters. In this study, based on the discovery of a new species from an extreme habitat, we reassess species circumscription in Coccomyxa, a unicellular genus of the class Trebouxiophyceae, using a combination of ecological and DNA sequence data (analyzed with three different methods of algorithmic species delineation). Our results are compared with those of a recent integrative study of Darienko and colleagues that reassessed the taxonomy of Coccomyxa, recognizing 7 species in the genus. Expanding the dataset from 43 to 61 sequences (SSU + ITS rDNA) resulted in a different delimitation, supporting the recognition of a higher number of species (24 to 27 depending on the analysis used, with the 27-species scenario receiving the strongest support). Among these, C. melkonianii sp. nov. is described from material isolated from a river highly polluted by heavy metals (Rio Irvi, Sardinia, Italy). Analyses performed on ecological characters detected a significant phylogenetic signal in six different characters. We conclude that the 27-species scenario is presently the most realistic for Coccomyxa and we suggest that well-supported lineages distinguishable by ecological preferences should be recognized as different species in this genus. We also recommend that for microbial lineages in which the overall diversity is unknown and taxon sampling is sparse, as is often the case for green microalgae, the results of analyses for algorithmic DNA-based species delimitation should be interpreted with extreme caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Malavasi
- Interdepartmental Center of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pavel Škaloud
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tempesta
- Department of biological and ecological sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Michela Paoletti
- Department of biological and ecological sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Marcella Pasqualetti
- Department of biological and ecological sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
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Fossen EI, Ekrem T, Nilsson AN, Bergsten J. Species delimitation in northern European water scavenger beetles of the genus Hydrobius (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae). Zookeys 2016; 564:71-120. [PMID: 27081333 PMCID: PMC4820092 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.564.6558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chiefly Holarctic Hydrobius species complex (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) currently consists of Hydrobius arcticus Kuwert, 1890, and three morphological variants of Hydrobius fuscipes (Linnaeus, 1758): var. fuscipes, var. rottenbergii and var. subrotundus in northern Europe. Here molecular and morphological data are used to test the species boundaries in this species complex. Three gene segments (COI, H3 and ITS2) were sequenced and analyzed with Bayesian methods to infer phylogenetic relationships. The Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) model and two versions of the Bayesian species delimitation method BPP, with or without an a priori defined guide tree (v2.2 & v3.0), were used to evaluate species limits. External and male genital characters of primarily Fennoscandian specimens were measured and statistically analyzed to test for significant differences in quantitative morphological characters. The four morphotypes formed separate genetic clusters on gene trees and were delimited as separate species by GMYC and by both versions of BPP, despite specimens of Hydrobius fuscipes var. fuscipes and Hydrobius fuscipes var. subrotundus being sympatric. Hydrobius arcticus and Hydrobius fuscipes var. rottenbergii could only be separated genetically with ITS2, and were delimited statistically with GMYC on ITS2 and with BPP on the combined data. In addition, six or seven potentially cryptic species of the Hydrobius fuscipes complex from regions outside northern Europe were delimited genetically. Although some overlap was found, the mean values of six male genital characters were significantly different between the morphotypes (p < 0.001). Morphological characters previously presumed to be diagnostic were less reliable to separate Hydrobius fuscipes var. fuscipes from Hydrobius fuscipes var. subrotundus, but characters in the literature for Hydrobius arcticus and Hydrobius fuscipes var. rottenbergii were diagnostic. Overall, morphological and molecular evidence strongly suggest that Hydrobius arcticus and the three morphological variants of Hydrobius fuscipes are separate species and Hydrobius rottenbergii Gerhardt, 1872, stat. n. and Hydrobius subrotundus Stephens, 1829, stat. n. are elevated to valid species. An identification key to northern European species of Hydrobius is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend I. Fossen
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Ekrem
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders N. Nilsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, University of Umeå, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johannes Bergsten
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden
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Hind KR, Miller KA, Young M, Jensen C, Gabrielson PW, Martone PT. Resolving cryptic species of Bossiella (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) using contemporary and historical DNA. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2015; 102:1912-1930. [PMID: 26542846 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1500308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Phenotypic plasticity and convergent evolution have long complicated traditional morphological taxonomy. Fortunately, DNA sequences provide an additional basis for comparison, independent of morphology. Most importantly, by obtaining DNA sequences from historical type specimens, we are now able to unequivocally match species names to genetic groups, often with surprising results. METHODS We used an integrative taxonomic approach to identify and describe Northeast Pacific pinnately branched species in the red algal coralline genus Bossiella, for which traditional taxonomy recognized only one species, the generitype, Bossiella plumosa. We analyzed DNA sequences from historical type specimens and modern topotype specimens to assign species names and to identify genetic groups that were different and that required new names. Our molecular taxonomic assessment was followed by a detailed morphometric analysis of each species. KEY RESULTS Our study of B. plumosa revealed seven pinnately branched Bossiella species. Three species, B. frondescens, B. frondifera, and B. plumosa, were assigned names based on sequences from type specimens. The remaining four species, B. hakaiensis, B. manzae, B. reptans, and B. montereyensis, were described as new to science. In most cases, there was significant overlap of morphological characteristics among species. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the pitfalls of relying upon morpho-anatomy alone to distinguish species and highlights our likely underestimation of species worldwide. Our integrative taxonomic approach can serve as a model for resolving the taxonomy of other plant and algal genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hind
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4 Hakai Institute, Pruth Harbour, Calvert Island, British Columbia, Canada V0P 1H0
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- University Herbarium, Silva Center for Phycological Documentation, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building #2465, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA
| | - Madeline Young
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Cassandra Jensen
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Department of Biology and Herbarium, 3280 Coker Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 USA
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4 Hakai Institute, Pruth Harbour, Calvert Island, British Columbia, Canada V0P 1H0
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The bladed Bangiales (Rhodophyta) of the South Eastern Pacific: Molecular species delimitation reveals extensive diversity. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 94:814-826. [PMID: 26484942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A molecular taxonomic study of the bladed Bangiales of the South Eastern Pacific (coast of Chile) was undertaken based on sequence data of the mitochondrial COI and chloroplast rbcL for 193 specimens collected from Arica (18°S) in the north to South Patagonia (53°S) in the south. The results revealed for the first time that four genera, Porphyra, Pyropia, Fuscifolium and Wildemania were present in the region. Species delimitation was determined based on a combination of a General Mixed Yule Coalescence model (GMYC) and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) coupled with detection of monophyly in tree reconstruction. The overall incongruence between the species delimitation methods within each gene was 29%. The GMYC method led to over-splitting groups, whereas the ABGD method had a tendency to lump groups. Taking a conservative approach to the number of putative species, at least 18 were recognized and, with the exception of the recently described Pyropia orbicularis, all were new to the Chilean flora. Porphyra and Pyropia were the most diverse genera with eight 'species' each, whereas only a 'single' species each was found for Fuscifolium and Wildemania. There was also evidence of recently diverging groups: Wildemania sp. was distinct but very closely related to W. amplissima from the Northern Hemisphere and raises questions in relation to such disjunct distributions. Pyropia orbicularis was very closely related to two other species, making species delimitation very difficult but provides evidence of an incipient speciation. The difference between the 'species' discovered and those previously reported for the region is discussed in relation to the difficulty of distinguishing species based on morphological identification.
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Hernandez-Kantun JJ, Rindi F, Adey WH, Heesch S, Peña V, Le Gall L, Gabrielson PW. Sequencing type material resolves the identity and distribution of the generitype Lithophyllum incrustans, and related European species L. hibernicum and L. bathyporum (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2015; 51:791-807. [PMID: 26986797 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA sequences from type material in the nongeniculate coralline genus Lithophyllum were used to unambiguously link some European species names to field-collected specimens, thus providing a great advance over morpho-anatomical identifi-cation. In particular, sequence comparisons of rbcL, COI and psbA genes from field-collected specimens allowed the following conclusion: the generitype species, L. incrustans, occurs mostly as subtidal rhodoliths and crusts on both Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts, and not as the common, NE Atlantic, epilithic, intertidal crust reported in the literature. The heterotypic type material of L. hibernicum was narrowed to one rhodolith belonging in Lithophyllum. As well as occurring as a subtidal rhodolith, L. hibernicum is a common, epilithic and epizoic crust in the intertidal zone from Ireland south to Mediterranean France. A set of four features distinguished L. incrustans from L. hibernicum, including epithallial cell diameter, pore canal shape of sporangial conceptacles and sporangium height and diameter. An rbcL sequence of the lectotype of Lithophyllum bathyporum, which was recently proposed to accommodate Atlantic intertidal collections of L. incrustans, corresponded to a distinct taxon hitherto known only from Brittany as the subtidal, bisporangial, lectotype, but also occurs intertidally in Atlantic Spain. Specimens from Ireland and France morpho-anatomically identified as L. fasciculatum and a specimen from Cornwall likewise identified as L. duckerae were resolved as L. incrustans and L. hibernicum, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin J Hernandez-Kantun
- Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 166 PO Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Irish Seaweed Research Group, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Walter H Adey
- Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 166 PO Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Svenja Heesch
- Irish Seaweed Research Group, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Viviana Peña
- BIOCOST Research Group, Departamento de Bioloxía Animal, Bioloxía Vexetal e Ecoloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain
- Equipe Exploration, Espèces et Evolution, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier CP 39, Paris, 75005, France
- Phycology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S8, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Line Le Gall
- Equipe Exploration, Espèces et Evolution, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier CP 39, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Department of Biology and Herbarium, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
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