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Lim J, Han W, Thang LTH, Lee YW, Shin JH. Customizable Nichrome Wire Heaters for Molecular Diagnostic Applications. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:152. [PMID: 38534259 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Accurate sample heating is vital for nucleic acid extraction and amplification, requiring a sophisticated thermal cycling process in nucleic acid detection. Traditional molecular detection systems with heating capability are bulky, expensive, and primarily designed for lab settings. Consequently, their use is limited where lab systems are unavailable. This study introduces a technique for performing the heating process required in molecular diagnostics applicable for point-of-care testing (POCT), by presenting a method for crafting customized heaters using freely patterned nichrome (NiCr) wire. This technique, fabricating heaters by arranging protrusions on a carbon black-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cast and patterning NiCr wire, utilizes cost-effective materials and is not constrained by shape, thereby enabling customized fabrication in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D). To illustrate its versatility and practicality, a 2D heater with three temperature zones was developed for a portable device capable of automatic thermocycling for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 pathogen DNA. Furthermore, the detection of the same pathogen was demonstrated using a customized 3D heater surrounding a microtube for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Successful DNA amplification using the proposed heater suggests that the heating technique introduced in this study can be effectively applied to POCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Lim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Han
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Tran Huy Thang
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wook Lee
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- School of Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Ho Shin
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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2
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Wang Y, Wang C, Zhou Z, Si J, Li S, Zeng Y, Deng Y, Chen Z. Advances in Simple, Rapid, and Contamination-Free Instantaneous Nucleic Acid Devices for Pathogen Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:732. [PMID: 37504131 PMCID: PMC10377012 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic pathogens invade the human body through various pathways, causing damage to host cells, tissues, and their functions, ultimately leading to the development of diseases and posing a threat to human health. The rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic pathogens in humans is crucial and pressing. Nucleic acid detection offers advantages such as higher sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity compared to antibody and antigen detection methods. However, conventional nucleic acid testing is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and requires sophisticated equipment and specialized medical personnel. Therefore, this review focuses on advanced nucleic acid testing systems that aim to address the issues of testing time, portability, degree of automation, and cross-contamination. These systems include extraction-free rapid nucleic acid testing, fully automated extraction, amplification, and detection, as well as fully enclosed testing and commercial nucleic acid testing equipment. Additionally, the biochemical methods used for extraction, amplification, and detection in nucleic acid testing are briefly described. We hope that this review will inspire further research and the development of more suitable extraction-free reagents and fully automated testing devices for rapid, point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Zepeng Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Jiajia Si
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yezhan Zeng
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
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An YQ, Huang SL, Xi BC, Gong XL, Ji JH, Hu Y, Ding YJ, Zhang DX, Ge SX, Zhang J, Xia NS. Ultrafast Microfluidic PCR Thermocycler for Nucleic Acid Amplification. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14030658. [PMID: 36985065 PMCID: PMC10058542 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is essential in nucleic acid amplification tests and is widely used in many applications such as infectious disease detection, tumor screening, and food safety testing; however, most PCR devices have inefficient heating and cooling ramp rates for the solution, which significantly limit their application in special scenarios such as hospital emergencies, airports, and customs. Here, we propose a temperature control strategy to significantly increase the ramp rates for the solution temperature by switching microfluidic chips between multiple temperature zones and excessively increasing the temperature difference between temperature zones and the solution; accordingly, we have designed an ultrafast thermocycler. The results showed that the ramp rates of the solution temperature are a linear function of temperature differences within a range, and a larger temperature difference would result in faster ramp rates. The maximum heating and cooling ramp rates of the 25 μL solution reached 24.12 °C/s and 25.28 °C/s, respectively, and the average ramp rate was 13.33 °C/s, 6-8 times higher than that of conventional commercial PCR devices. The thermocycler achieved 9 min (1 min pre-denaturation + 45 PCR cycles) ultrafast nucleic acid amplification, shortening the time by 92% compared to the conventional 120 min nucleic acid amplification, and has the potential to be used for rapid nucleic acid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dong-Xu Zhang
- Correspondence: (D.-X.Z.); (S.-X.G.); (J.Z.); (N.-S.X.); Tel.: +86-2-183-111 (N.-S.X.)
| | - Sheng-Xiang Ge
- Correspondence: (D.-X.Z.); (S.-X.G.); (J.Z.); (N.-S.X.); Tel.: +86-2-183-111 (N.-S.X.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Correspondence: (D.-X.Z.); (S.-X.G.); (J.Z.); (N.-S.X.); Tel.: +86-2-183-111 (N.-S.X.)
| | - Ning-Shao Xia
- Correspondence: (D.-X.Z.); (S.-X.G.); (J.Z.); (N.-S.X.); Tel.: +86-2-183-111 (N.-S.X.)
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4
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Kim YL, Kim D, Park J, Kwak M, Shin JH. A carbon-black-embedded poly(dimethylsiloxane)-paper hybrid device for energy-efficient nucleic-acid amplification in point-of-care testing. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2569-2577. [PMID: 35699260 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A paper-based device patterned with a carbon-black-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mixture is developed as a heating platform for nucleic-acid amplification tests. The photothermal effect of carbon black under 808 nm laser irradiation is used to conduct loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, a foodborne pathogen. We characterize the heat generation of carbon black by changing its concentration and the hardness of PDMS. Then, we optimize the minimum laser power required to perform LAMP. The proposed paper-based device requires less than 15 min to perform LAMP, and the result can be confirmed based on the color change observed by the naked eye. The rfbE gene of E. coli O157:H7 is specifically amplified, with a detection limit of 102 CFU mL-1. Amplification is also performed by using a laboratory-made laser-diode device, which consumes only 2 W h during its operation. The low cost, disposability, and easy fabrication of the paper-based device make it a powerful tool for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lin Kim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Donghyeok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Park
- Seegene Inc, Seoul, 05552, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Ho Shin
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Lee D, Kim D, Han J, Yun J, Lee KH, Kim GM, Kwon O, Lee J. Integrated, Automated, Fast PCR System for Point-Of-Care Molecular Diagnosis of Bacterial Infection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21020377. [PMID: 33430443 PMCID: PMC7827619 DOI: 10.3390/s21020377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed an integrated PCR system that performs automated sample preparation and fast polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for application in point-of care (POC) testing. This system is assembled from inexpensive 3D-printing parts, off-the-shelf electronics and motors. Molecular detection requires a series of procedures including sample preparation, amplification, and fluorescence intensity analysis. The system can perform automated DNA sample preparation (extraction, separation and purification) in ≤5 min. The variance of the automated sample preparation was clearly lower than that achieved using manual DNA extraction. Fast thermal ramp cycles were generated by a customized thermocycler designed to automatically transport samples between heating and cooling blocks. Despite the large sample volume (50 μL), rapid two-step PCR amplification completed 40 cycles in ≤13.8 min. Variations in fluorescence intensity were measured by analyzing fluorescence images. As proof of concept of this system, we demonstrated the rapid DNA detection of pathogenic bacteria. We also compared the sensitivity of this system with that of a commercial device during the automated extraction and fast PCR of Salmonella bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkyu Lee
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Deawook Kim
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Jounghyuk Han
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Jongsu Yun
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Kang-Ho Lee
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Gyu Man Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Ohwon Kwon
- Daegu Research Center for Medical Devices, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daegu 42994, Korea; (D.L.); (D.K.); (J.H.); (J.Y.); (K.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Jaejong Lee
- Nano-Mechanical Systems, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Korea
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (J.L.)
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6
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Progress in molecular detection with high-speed nucleic acids thermocyclers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 190:113489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Fohlerova Z, Zhu H, Hubalek J, Ni S, Yobas L, Podesva P, Otahal A, Neuzil P. Rapid Characterization of Biomolecules' Thermal Stability in a Segmented Flow-Through Optofluidic Microsystem. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6925. [PMID: 32332774 PMCID: PMC7181606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Optofluidic devices combining optics and microfluidics have recently attracted attention for biomolecular analysis due to their high detection sensitivity. Here, we show a silicon chip with tubular microchannels buried inside the substrate featuring temperature gradient (∇T) along the microchannel. We set up an optical fluorescence system consisting of a power-modulated laser light source of 470 nm coupled to the microchannel serving as a light guide via optical fiber. Fluorescence was detected on the other side of the microchannel using a photomultiplier tube connected to an optical fiber via a fluorescein isothiocyanate filter. The PMT output was connected to a lock-in amplifier for signal processing. We performed a melting curve analysis of a short dsDNA - SYBR Green I complex with a known melting temperature (TM) in a flow-through configuration without gradient to verify the functionality of the proposed detection system. We then used the segmented flow configuration and measured the fluorescence amplitude of a droplet exposed to ∇T of ≈ 2.31 °C mm-1, determining the heat transfer time as ≈ 554 ms. The proposed platform can be used as a fast and cost-effective system for performing either MCA of dsDNAs or for measuring protein unfolding for drug-screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Fohlerova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 61600, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hanliang Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Jaromir Hubalek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 61600, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sheng Ni
- Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Levent Yobas
- Hong Kong, University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Pavel Podesva
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Otahal
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 61600, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Neuzil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, 61600, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P.R. China.
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Ultrafast Photonic PCR Based on Photothermal Nanomaterials. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:637-649. [PMID: 31918858 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, PCR has been the gold standard for detecting nucleic acids (NAs) in various biomedical fields. However, there are several limitations associated with conventional PCR, such as complicated operation, need for bulky equipment, and, in particular, long thermocycling time. Emerging nanomaterials with photothermal effects have shown great potential for developing a new generation of PCR: ultrafast photonic PCR. Here, we review recent applications of photothermal nanomaterials in ultrafast photonic PCR. First, we introduce emerging photothermal nanomaterials and their light-to-heat energy conversion process in photonic PCR. We then review different photothermal nanomaterial-based photonic PCRs and compare their merits and drawbacks. Finally, we summarize existing challenges with photonic PCR and hypothesize its promising future research directions.
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9
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Lim J, Jeong S, Kim M, Lee JH. Battery-operated portable PCR system with enhanced stability of Pt RTD. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218571. [PMID: 31247046 PMCID: PMC6597155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports an outdoor-use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology in which stability of resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) is remarkably improved. A thin-film RTD made of non-annealed Pt shows accuracy degradation because the resistance of the RTD tends to decrease during the PCR operation. Thus, the annealing process is applied to the Pt RTD to improve the stability, which is a prerequisite to the accurate measurement of the absolute temperature. Both heaters and the RTD are fabricated on a thin quartz substrate whose melting temperature is high enough for annealing. The performances in the PCR time and power consumption are enhanced by reducing the size of the heater chips with no degradation in the temperature uniformity. A spring-loaded electrode is employed to simplify the procedure of electrical connection to the thermal controller and loading/unloading of the PCR chip. The contact area of the electrical connection is so small that the conductive thermal resistance increases; thereby small heat dissipation can be exploited for low-power operation. The stability of the RTD is experimentally confirmed in terms of resistance variation over repeated PCR operations (four times). The least variation of 0.005%, which corresponds to a negligible temperature variation of 0.038 °C for the PCR, is achieved from the RTD annealed for 5 min at 450 °C. The gel-electrophoresis result indicates that the PCR performance of the proposed system using a film-type PCR chip is comparable to that of a conventional system using a vial tube despite its low power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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10
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Lee SH, Park SM, Kim BN, Kwon OS, Rho WY, Jun BH. Emerging ultrafast nucleic acid amplification technologies for next-generation molecular diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111448. [PMID: 31252258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were an indispensable methodology for diagnosing cancers, viral and bacterial infections owing to their high sensitivity and specificity. Because the NAATs can recognize and discriminate even a few copies of nucleic acid (NA) and species-specific NA sequences, NAATs have become the gold standard in a wide range of applications. However, limitations of NAAT approaches have recently become more apparent by reason of their lengthy run time, large reaction volume, and complex protocol. To meet the current demands of clinicians and biomedical researchers, new NAATs have developed to achieve ultrafast sample-to-answer protocols for the point-of-care testing (POCT). In this review, ultrafast NA-POCT platforms are discussed, outlining their NA amplification principles as well as delineating recent advances in ultrafast NAAT applications. The main focus is to provide an overview of NA-POCT platforms in regard to sample preparation of NA, NA amplification, NA detection process, interpretation of the analysis, and evaluation of the platform design. Increasing importance will be given to innovative, ultrafast amplification methods and tools which incorporate artificial intelligence (AI)-associated data analysis processes and mobile-healthcare networks. The future prospects of NA POCT platforms are promising as they allow absolute quantitation of NA in individuals which is essential to precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian N Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, FL, USA
| | - Oh Seok Kwon
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Won-Yep Rho
- School of International Engineering and Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Bong-Hyun Jun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, South Korea.
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Bae NH, Lim SY, Song Y, Jeong SW, Shin SY, Kim YT, Lee TJ, Lee KG, Lee SJ, Oh YJ, Park YM. A Disposable and Multi-Chamber Film-Based PCR Chip for Detection of Foodborne Pathogen. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18093158. [PMID: 30235826 PMCID: PMC6165562 DOI: 10.3390/s18093158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Since the increment of the threat to public health caused by foodborne pathogens, researches have been widely studied on developing the miniaturized detection system for the on-site pathogen detection. In the study, we focused on the development of portable, robust, and disposable film-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) chip containing a multiplex chamber for simultaneous gene amplification. In order to simply fabricate and operate a film-based PCR chip, different kinds of PCR chambers were designed and fabricated using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) adhesive film, in comparison with commercial PCR, which employs a stereotyped system at a bench-top scale. No reagent leakage was confirmed during the PCR thermal cycling using the film PCR chip, which indicates that the film PCR chip is structurally stable for rapid heat cycling for DNA amplification. Owing to use of the thin film to fabricate the PCR chip, we are able to realize fast thermal transfer from the heat block that leads to short PCR amplification time. Moreover, using the film PCR chip, we could even amplify the target pathogen with 10 CFU mL−1. The artificially infected milk with various concentration of Bacillus cereus was successfully amplified on a single film PCR chip. On the basis of the reliable results, the developed film PCR chip could be a useful tool as a POCT device to detect foodborne pathogens via genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ho Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea.
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Younseong Song
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Soon Woo Jeong
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Seol Yi Shin
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Korea Polytechnic University, 237 Sangidaehak-ro, Siheung-si 15073, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Tae Jae Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Yong-Jun Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea.
| | - Yoo Min Park
- Nano-Bio Application Team, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Deahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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McQuillan JS, Robidart JC. Molecular-biological sensing in aquatic environments: recent developments and emerging capabilities. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 45:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Cao L, Cui X, Hu J, Li Z, Choi JR, Yang Q, Lin M, Ying Hui L, Xu F. Advances in digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) and its emerging biomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 90:459-474. [PMID: 27818047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 1985, PCR has played a significant role in molecular diagnostics for genetic diseases, pathogens, oncogenes and forensic identification. In the past three decades, PCR has evolved from end-point PCR, through real-time PCR, to its current version, which is the absolute quantitive digital PCR (dPCR). In this review, we first discuss the principles of all key steps of dPCR, i.e., sample dispersion, amplification, and quantification, covering commercialized apparatuses and other devices still under lab development. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies based on these steps, and discuss the emerging biomedical applications of dPCR. Finally, we provide a glimpse of the existing challenges and future perspectives for dPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xingye Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jie Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Zedong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jane Ru Choi
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qingzhen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Li Ying Hui
- Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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