1
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Liu M, Li H, Guo R, Yu X, Li Y. The inhibitory effect of apatinib on different small cell lung cancer cells and in lung cancer-bearing mice and patients. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2024; 18:e13738. [PMID: 38403875 PMCID: PMC10895076 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the inhibitory effect of the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor apatinib on small cell lung cancer in vitro and vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three small lung cancer cells were selected CCK-8 and monoclonal assay was used to determine the effect of apatinib on proliferation. The effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL. We observed the inhibitory effect of different doses of apatinib on xenograft tumor. The efficacy and safety of apatinib in 20 patients with advanced small cell lung cancer were observed. RESULTS For small cell lung cancer with high expression of VEGFR2, apatinib has a significant inhibitory effect both in vitro and in vivo. It can play an inhibitory role by promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest pathways. For small cell lung cancer with low expression of VEGFR, the inhibitory effect on cells in vitro was not significant. It has certain inhibitory effect on nude mouse transplanted tumor and small cell lung cancer patients, but the effect is weaker than that of animal models and patients with small cell lung cancer cells with high expression of VEGFR2. CONCLUSION Apatinib has a significant inhibitory effect on small cell lung cancer with high expression of VEGFR2 and may be a treatment for small cell lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineBinzhou People's HospitalBinzhouShandongChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineBinzhou People's HospitalBinzhouShandongChina
| | - Ranran Guo
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineBinzhou People's HospitalBinzhouShandongChina
| | - Xia Yu
- Department of Pulmonary MedicinePenglai Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalYantaiShandongChina
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanShandongChina
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2
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Tanaka T, Aoki R, Terasaki M. Potential Chemopreventive Effects of Dietary Combination of Phytochemicals against Cancer Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1591. [PMID: 38004456 PMCID: PMC10674766 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Over 70% of epithelial malignancies are sporadic and are related to lifestyle. Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse correlation between cancer incidence and fruit and vegetable intake. Numerous preclinical studies using in vitro (cell lines) and in vivo animal models of oncogenesis have reported the chemopreventive effects of dietary phytochemical agents through alterations in different biomarkers and signaling pathways. However, there is contrasting evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials. To date, the most studied compounds include curcumin, resveratrol, isoflavones, green tea extract (epigallocatechin gallate), black raspberry powder (anthocyanins and ellagitannins), bilberry extract (anthocyanins), ginger extract (gingerol derivatives), and pomegranate extract (ellagitannins and ellagic acid). Overall, the clinical evidence of the preventive effects of dietary phytochemicals against cancer development is still weak, and the amount of these phytochemicals needed to exert chemopreventive effects largely exceeds the common dietary doses. Therefore, we propose a combination treatment of natural compounds that are used clinically for another purpose in order to obtain excess inhibitory efficacy via low-dose administration and discuss the possible reasons behind the gap between preclinical research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu 500-8513, Japan;
| | - Ryogo Aoki
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu 500-8513, Japan;
| | - Masaru Terasaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan;
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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3
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Yao L, Cai W, Chen S, Wang A, Wang X, Zhao C, Shou C, Jia Y. Design, syntheses and biological evaluation of natural product aiphanol derivatives and analogues: discovery of potent anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 90:129326. [PMID: 37182611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The natural product aiphanol (1) is one of the substances with anticancer biological activity isolated from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) Smilax glabra Roxb. (Tufuling). Our recent research found that aiphanol could suppress angiogenesis and tumor growth by dual-blocking VEGF/VEGFRs and COX2 signal pathway. In this study, four series of 40 aiphanol derivatives and analogues were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity. Among them, the analogues 10j and 14c exhibited the most potent inhibition and broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity toward nine tumor cell lines. The IC50 values of the analogues 10j and 14c range from 0.81 to 10 μmol/L which up to 80-fold vs. parent compound aiphanol. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies indicated that the substrate at 7-position of benzo 1,4-dioxane is very crucial for anticancer activity. Molecular docking indicated that the compound 14c (ent-14c) tightly binds to VEGFR2 and COX2, respectively. Therefore, compounds 10j and 14c could be promising candidates for the development of anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenqing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shanmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Aidan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Yanxing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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4
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Sher G, Masoodi T, Patil K, Akhtar S, Kuttikrishnan S, Ahmad A, Uddin S. Dysregulated FOXM1 signaling in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:107-121. [PMID: 35931301 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the introduction of the cancer stem cell (CSC) paradigm, significant advances have been made in understanding the functional and biological plasticity of these elusive components in malignancies. Endowed with self-renewing abilities and multilineage differentiation potential, CSCs have emerged as cellular drivers of virtually all facets of tumor biology, including metastasis, tumor recurrence/relapse, and drug resistance. The functional and biological characteristics of CSCs, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation are regulated by an array of extracellular factors, signaling pathways, and pluripotent transcriptional factors. Besides the well-characterized regulatory role of transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, and MYC in CSCs, evidence for the central role of Forkhead box transcription factor FOXM1 in the establishment, maintenance, and functions of CSCs is accumulating. Conventionally identified as a master regulator of the cell cycle, a comprehensive understanding of this molecule has revealed its multifarious oncogenic potential and uncovered its role in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, self-renewal, and drug resistance. This review compiles the large body of literature that has accumulated in recent years that provides evidence for the mechanisms by which FOXM1 expression promotes stemness in glioblastoma, breast, colon, ovarian, lung, hepatic, and pancreatic carcinomas. We have also compiled the data showing the association of stem cell mediators with FOXM1 using TCGA mRNA expression data. Further, the prognostic importance of FOXM1 and other stem cell markers is presented. The delineation of FOXM1-mediated regulation of CSCs can aid in the development of molecularly targeted pharmacological approaches directed at the selective eradication of CSCs in several human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulab Sher
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Kalyani Patil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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5
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Lee SY, Park LM, Oh YJ, Choi DH, Lee DW. High Throughput 3D Cell Migration Assay Using Micropillar/Microwell Chips. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165306. [PMID: 36014542 PMCID: PMC9416089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3D cell migration assay was developed for the evaluation of drugs that inhibit cell migration using high throughput methods. Wound-healing assays have commonly been used for cell migration assays. However, these assays have limitations in mimicking the in vivo microenvironment of the tumor and measuring cell viability for evaluation of cell migration inhibition without cell toxicity. As an attempt to manage these limitations, cells were encapsulated with Matrigel on the surface of the pillar, and an analysis of the morphology of cells attached to the pillar through Matrigel was performed for the measurement of cell migration. The micropillar/microwell chips contained 532 pillars and wells, which measure the migration and viability of cells by analyzing the roundness and size of the cells, respectively. Cells seeded in Matrigel have a spherical form. Over time, cells migrate through the Matrigel and attach to the surface of the pillar. Cells that have migrated and adhered have a diffused shape that is different from the initial spherical shape. Based on our analysis of the roundness of the cells, we were able to distinguish between the diffuse and spherical shapes. Cells in Matrigel on the pillar that were treated with migration-inhibiting drugs did not move to the surface of the pillar and remained in spherical forms. During the conduct of experiments, 70 drugs were tested in single chips and migration-inhibiting drugs without cell toxicity were identified. Conventional migration assays were performed using transwell for verification of the four main migration-inhibiting drugs found on the chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Lily M. Park
- Cytek Biosciences, 47215 Lakeview Blvd, Fremont, CA 95348, USA
| | - Yoo Jung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.H.C.); (D.W.L.)
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
- Medical & Bio Decision (MBD), Suwon 16229, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.H.C.); (D.W.L.)
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6
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Sakr A, Rezq S, Ibrahim SM, Soliman E, Baraka MM, Romero DG, Kothayer H. Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinones conjugated ibuprofen, indole acetamide, or thioacetohydrazide as selective COX-2 inhibitors: anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anticancer activities. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1810-1828. [PMID: 34338135 PMCID: PMC8330735 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1956912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel quinazolinones conjugated with indole acetamide (4a–c), ibuprofen (7a–e), or thioacetohydrazide (13a,b, and 14a-d) were designed to increase COX-2 selectivity. The three synthesised series exhibited superior COX-2 selectivity compared with the previously reported quinazolinones and their NSAID analogue and had equipotent COX-2 selectivity as celecoxib. Compared with celecoxib, 4 b, 7c, and 13 b showed similar anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, while 13 b and 14a showed superior inhibition of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide, and 7 showed greater antioxidant potential in macrophages cells. Moreover, all selected compounds showed improved analgesic activity and 13 b completely abolished the pain response. Additionally, compound 4a showed anticancer activity in tested cell lines HCT116, HT29, and HCA7. Docking results were consistent with COX-1/2 enzyme assay results. In silico studies suggest their high oral bioavailability. The overall findings for compounds (4a,b, 7c, 13 b, and 14c) support their potential role as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Sakr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Samy M Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Baraka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Damian G Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hend Kothayer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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7
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Identification of microRNA-451a as a Novel Circulating Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5236236. [PMID: 32908896 PMCID: PMC7474364 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5236236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Successful treatment of CRC relies on accurate early diagnosis, which is currently a challenge due to its complexity and personalized pathologies. Thus, novel molecular biomarkers are needed for early CRC detection. Methods Gene and microRNA microarray profiling of CRC tissues and miRNA-seq data were analyzed. Candidate microRNA biomarkers were predicted using both CRC-specific network and miRNA-BD tool. Validation analyses were carried out to interrogate the identified candidate CRC biomarkers. Results We identified miR-451a as a potential early CRC biomarker circulating in patient's serum. The dysregulation of miR-451a was revealed both in primary tumors and in patients' sera. Downstream analysis validated the tumor suppressor role of miR-451a and high sensitivity of miR-451a in CRC patients, further confirming its potential role as CRC circulation biomarker. Conclusion The miR-451a is a potential circulating biomarker for early CRC diagnosis.
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8
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Tołoczko-Iwaniuk N, Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła D, Nowaszewska BK, Celińska-Janowicz K, Miltyk W. Celecoxib in Cancer Therapy and Prevention - Review. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:302-315. [PMID: 30073924 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180803121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is generally accepted that inflammatory cells found in the tumor microenvironment are involved in the neoplastic process, promoting cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Therefore, administering anti-inflammatory medication in cancer therapy seems to be justified. A potential pathway associated with the aforementioned issue is cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition, particularly as the overexpression of this enzyme has been proven to occur in cancer tissues and is also associated with a poor prognosis in several types of human malignancies. Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, has been utilized for over 20 years, particularly as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic medication. However, to date, its antineoplastic properties have not been sufficiently investigated. In recent years, the number of research studies on the antineoplastic effects of celecoxib has increased considerably. The vast majority of publications refers to preclinical studies attempting to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Clinical trials concerning celecoxib have focused primarily on the treatment of cancers of the colon, breast, lung, prostate, stomach, head and neck, as well as premalignant lesions such as familial adenoma polyposis. In this review article authors attempt to summarise the latest research which has elucidated celecoxib use in the treatment and prevention of cancer. CONCLUSION Both preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated promising results of the role of celecoxib in the treatment and prevention of cancer - the best outcome was observed in colon, breast, prostate and head and neck cancers. However, more clinical trials providing real evidence-based clinical advances of celecoxib use are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tołoczko-Iwaniuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dorota Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-404 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Klaudia Nowaszewska
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-404 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Celińska-Janowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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9
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Macedo J, Silva E, Nogueira L, Coelho R, da Silva J, Dos Santos A, Teixeira-Júnior AA, Belfort M, Silva G, Khayat A, de Oliveira E, Dos Santos AP, Cavalli LR, Pereira SR. Genomic profiling reveals the pivotal role of hrHPV driving copy number and gene expression alterations, including mRNA downregulation of TP53 and RB1 in penile cancer. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:604-617. [PMID: 32212199 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of penile cancer (PeCa) is increasing worldwide, however, the highest rates are reported in underdeveloped countries. The molecular mechanisms that underly the onset and progression of these tumors are still unclear. Therefore, our goal was to determine the genome-wide copy number alterations and the involvement of human papiloma virus (HPV) (TP53 and RB1), inflammatory (COX2 and EGFR), and PI3K/AKT pathway (AKT1, AKT2, EGFR, ERBB3, ERBB4, PIK3CA, and PTEN) associated genes in patients with PeCa from a high incidence region in Brazil (Maranhão). HPV genotyping was performed by nest-PCR and genome sequencing, copy number alterations (CNAs) by array comparative genomic hybridization and gene copy number status, gene, and protein expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. HPV genotyping revealed one of the highest frequencies of HPV reported in PeCa, affecting 96.4% of the cases. The most common CNAs observed were located at the HPV integration sites, such as 2p12-p11.2 and 14q32.33, where ADAM 6, KIAA0125, LINC00226, LINC00221, and miR7641-2, are mapped. Increased copy number of ERBB3 and EGFR genes were observed in association with COX2 and EGFR overexpression, reinforcing the role of the inflammatory pathway in PeCa, and suggesting anti-EGFR and anti-COX2 inhibitors as promising therapies for PeCa. Additionally, TP53 and RB1 messenger RNA downregulation was observed, suggesting the occurrence of other mechanisms for repression of these oncoproteins, in addition to the canonical HPV/TP53/RB1 signaling pathway. Our data reinforce the role of epigenetic events in abnormal gene expression in HPV-associated carcinomas and suggest the pivotal role of HPV driving CNAs and controlling gene expression in PeCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Macedo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Elis Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Ronald Coelho
- Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Jenilson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.,Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Alcione Dos Santos
- Public Health Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Belfort
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Gyl Silva
- Biology Undergraduate Course, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Edivaldo de Oliveira
- Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Evandro Chagas, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Luciane R Cavalli
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Silma Regina Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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10
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Yu Y, Lu W, Zhou X, Huang H, Shen S, Guo L. MicroRNA-132 suppresses migration and invasion of renal carcinoma cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e22969. [PMID: 31625200 PMCID: PMC6977305 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explain the effects of microRNA-132 in renal cell carcinoma by regulating FOXM1 expression. METHODS Thirty patients with renal cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital were enrolled, and their adjacent normal tissues and cancer tissues were taken. The expression of microRNA-132 was measured by in situ hybridization (ISH) and RT-PCR, and the expression of FOXM1 was evaluated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the correlation between microRNA-132 and FOXM1 was analyzed. In the cell experiment, the KETR-3 cells were divided into three groups: Negative control (NC) group were treated with nothing; blank (BL) group were transfected with empty vector; and microRNA-132 (miRNA) group were transfected with microRNA-132. The cell invasion and migration abilities among groups were assessed by transwell and wound healing assays. The expression levels of related proteins (FOXM1, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-alpha, and uPAR) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Depending on clinical data, we found that FOXM1 protein expression of renal cell carcinoma tissues was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. MiRNA-132 was negative correlation with FOXM1. In vitro, the number of invasive cells and wound healing rate in the microRNA group were significantly suppressed than those in the NC group (P < 0.05, respectively). In the Western blot assay, the results showed that the protein expression levels of FOXM1, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-α, and uPAR were significantly inhibited in the miRNA group compared with the NC group (P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION miRNA-132 had anti-tumor effects in renal cell carcinoma by suppressing FOXM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of UrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Wenbao Lu
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University Clinical Medical CollegeJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xinmin Zhou
- Department of UrologyDuchang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDuchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of UrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Shaochen Shen
- Department of UrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Lian Guo
- Department of AnesthesiaThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
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11
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Mohammad Rezaei F, Hashemzadeh S, Ravanbakhsh Gavgani R, Hosseinpour Feizi M, Pouladi N, Samadi Kafil H, Rostamizadeh L, Kholghi Oskooei V, Taheri M, Sakhinia E. Dysregulated KDR and FLT1 Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 8:244-252. [PMID: 32274396 PMCID: PMC7103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly-diagnosed malignancies throughout the world and the fourth-leading cause of cancer deaths globally. Angiogenesis and the resultant tumor neovascularization is a well-known cancer hallmark. Here we investigated the expression of FLT1 and KDR, the influential genes in angiogenesis regulation, in CRC patients. METHODS We assessed FLT1 and KDR mRNA expression in 47 CRC samples and matched adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANCT) by quantitative real-time PCR. The Spearmen correlation coefficient and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also examined. RESULTS Both genes were expressed at significantly greater levels in CRC tissues than in ANCT (p < 0.05). A significant association was found between KDR expression and disease stage and lymph status in CRC patients. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation demonstrated a moderate correlation between FLT1 and KDR expression in CRC samples. Finally, ROC curve analysis demonstrated that FLT1 had the greatest sensitivity (85.1%), while the greatest specificity was achieved by a combination of the two genes. CONCLUSION The dysregulated FLT1 and KDR expression, in addition to the observed correlation and ROC curve results, indicate the critical importance of angiogenesis among the cancer pathways in CRC. These data can broaden our current knowledge of angiogenesis in CRC to improve disease diagnosis and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammad Rezaei
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahryar Hashemzadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- General and Vascular Surgery Department of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | | | - Nasser Pouladi
- Department of Biology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Leila Rostamizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Tabriz Genetic Analysis Center (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Voutsadakis IA. The pluripotency network in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and prognosis: an update. Biomark Med 2019; 12:653-665. [PMID: 29944017 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness characteristics are defining properties of cancer initiating cells and are associated with the ability to metastasize and survive in hostile environments. Establishment of the stem cell network depends on the action of a set of core transcription factors that work in concert with other ancillary proteins that are also important during embryonic development. New data consolidate the role of core pluripotency transcription factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG as adverse prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. mRNA-binding proteins LIN28 and Musashi, that are associated with stemness, and epigenetic modifiers such as de-acetylase SIRT1 may also have prognostic value in colorectal cancer. This paper provides an update of the stem cell factors in the pathogenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Bai T, Liu Y, Li B. LncRNA LOXL1‐AS1/miR‐let‐7a‐5p/
EGFR
‐related pathway regulates the doxorubicin resistance of prostate cancer DU‐145 cells. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1537-1551. [PMID: 31188543 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianliang Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Hebei University Baoding Hebei P.R.China
- Department of General SurgeryFourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province) Shijiiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Hebei University Baoding Hebei P.R.China
- Department of General SurgeryFourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province) Shijiiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Binghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Hebei University Baoding Hebei P.R.China
- Department of General SurgeryFourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province) Shijiiazhuang Hebei China
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14
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Abstract
Eicosanoids are bioactive lipids that play crucial roles in various pathophysiological conditions, including inflammation and cancer. They include both the COX-derived prostaglandins and the LOX-derived leukotrienes. Furthermore, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways family of receptor tyrosine kinases also are known to play a central role in the tumorigenesis. Various antitumor modalities have been approved cancer treatments that target therapeutically the COX-2 and EGFR pathways; these include selective COX-2 inhibitors and EGFR monoclonal antibodies. Research has shown that the COX-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways actively interact with each other in order to orchestrate carcinogenesis. This has been used to justify a targeted combinatorial approach aimed at these two pathways. Although combined therapies have been found to have a greater antitumor effect than the administration of single agent, this does not exempt them from the possible fatal cardiac effects that are associated with COX-2 inhibition. In this review, we delineate the contribution of HB-EGF, an important EGFR ligand, to the cardiac dysfunction related to decreased shedding of HB-EGF after COX-2/PGE2 inhibition. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these cardiac side effects will make possible more effective regimens that use the dual-targeting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Yang
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Targeting cancer stem cells as therapeutic approach in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 110:75-83. [PMID: 30818083 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers globally. A large portion of colorectal cancer patients who are treated with conventional chemotherapy eventually develop local recurrence or metastases. The failure of a complete cure in colorectal cancer patients may be related to the lack of complete eradication of cancer stem cells when using conventional therapy. Colorectal cancer stem cells comprise a small population of tumor cells that possess the properties of rapid proliferation and differentiation. The colorectal cancer stem cells are also phenotypically and molecularly distinct, and resistant to conventional chemo-radiotherapy. Therefore, it is important to identify approaches in combination with conventional therapy for targeting and eradicating cancer cells. The aim of this review was to summarize the main findings of recent studies on targeting colorectal cancer stem cells as a novel therapeutic approach in colorectal cancer treatment.
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16
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Jaén RI, Prieto P, Casado M, Martín-Sanz P, Boscá L. Post-translational modifications of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in colorectal cancer: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5454-5461. [PMID: 30622375 PMCID: PMC6319129 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of prostanoids is involved in both physiological and pathological processes. The expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2; also known as COX-2) has been traditionally associated to the onset of several pathologies, from inflammation to cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and oncologic events. For this reason, the search of selective PTGS2 inhibitors has been a focus for therapeutic interventions. In addition to the classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, selective and specific PTGS2 inhibitors, termed coxibs, have been generated and widely used. PTGS2 activity is less restrictive in terms of substrate specificity than the homeostatic counterpart PTGS1, and it accounts for the elevated prostanoid synthesis that accompanies several pathologies. The main regulation of PTGS2 occurs at the transcription level. In addition to this, the stability of the mRNA is finely regulated through the interaction with several cytoplasmic elements, ranging from specific microRNAs to proteins that control mRNA degradation. Moreover, the protein has been recognized to be the substrate for several post-translational modifications that affect both the enzyme activity and the targeting for degradation via proteasomal and non-proteasomal mechanisms. Among these modifications, phosphorylation, glycosylation and covalent modifications by reactive lipidic intermediates and by free radicals associated to the pro-inflammatory condition appear to be the main changes. Identification of these post-translational modifications is relevant to better understand the role of PTGS2 in several pathologies and to establish a correct analysis of the potential function of this protein in diseases progress. Finally, these modifications can be used as biomarkers to establish correlations with other parameters, including the immunomodulation dependent on molecular pathological epidemiology determinants, which may provide a better frame for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael I Jaén
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Department of Biomedicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Valencia 46010, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Asociada IIBM-ULPGC, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35001, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Asociada IIBM-ULPGC, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35001, Spain
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17
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Jalota A, Kumar M, Das BC, Yadav AK, Chosdol K, Sinha S. A drug combination targeting hypoxia induced chemoresistance and stemness in glioma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18351-18366. [PMID: 29719610 PMCID: PMC5915077 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors especially Glioblastoma and is critical to chemoresistance. Cancer stem cells present in hypoxic niches are known to be a major cause of the progression, metastasis and relapse. We tried to identify synergistic combinations of drugs effective in both hypoxia and normoxia in tumor cells as well as in cancer stem cells. Since COX-2 is over-expressed in subset of glioblastoma and is also induced in hypoxia, we studied combinations of a prototype Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitor, NS-398 with various drugs (BCNU, Temozolomide, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose and Cisplatin) for their ability to abrogate chemoresistance under both severe hypoxia (0.2% O2) and normoxia (20% O2) in glioma cells. The only effective combination was of NS-398 and BCNU which showed a synergistic effect in both hypoxia and normoxia. This synergism was evident at sub-lethal doses for either of the single agent. The effectiveness of the combination resulted from increased pro- apoptotic and decreased anti-apoptotic molecules and increased caspase activity. PGE2 levels, a manifestation of COX-2 activity were increased during hypoxia, but were reduced by the combination during both hypoxia and normoxia. The combination reduced the levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. It also resulted in a greater reduction of cell migration. While single drugs could reduce the number of gliomaspheres, the combination successfully abrogated their formation. The combination also resulted in a greater reduction of the cancer stem cell marker CD133. This combination could be a prototype of possible therapy in a tumor with a high degree of hypoxia like glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Jalota
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Gurgaon-122051, India.,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Gurgaon-122051, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.,Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida-201313, India
| | - Ajay K Yadav
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Kunzang Chosdol
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Subrata Sinha
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Gurgaon-122051, India.,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
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18
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Peñarando J, López-Sánchez LM, Mena R, Guil-Luna S, Conde F, Hernández V, Toledano M, Gudiño V, Raponi M, Billard C, Villar C, Díaz C, Gómez-Barbadillo J, De la Haba-Rodríguez J, Myant K, Aranda E, Rodríguez-Ariza A. A role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase in intestinal stem cell proliferation and mesenchymal colorectal cancer. BMC Biol 2018; 16:3. [PMID: 29329541 PMCID: PMC5795284 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) has been highlighted as an important agent in cancer-related events. Although the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) isoform has received most attention, recent studies in the literature indicate that the endothelial isoenzyme (eNOS) can also modulate different tumor processes including resistance, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. However, the role of eNOS in cancer stem cell (CSC) biology and mesenchymal tumors is unknown. RESULTS Here, we show that eNOS was significantly upregulated in VilCre ERT2 Apc fl/+ and VilCre ERT2 Apc fl/fl mouse intestinal tissue, with intense immunostaining in hyperproliferative crypts. Similarly, the more invasive VilCre ERT2 Apc fl/+ Pten fl/+ mouse model showed an overexpression of eNOS in intestinal tumors whereas this isoform was not expressed in normal tissue. However, none of the three models showed iNOS expression. Notably, when 40 human colorectal tumors were classified into different clinically relevant molecular subtypes, high eNOS expression was found in the poor relapse-free and overall survival mesenchymal subtype, whereas iNOS was absent. Furthermore, Apc fl/fl organoids overexpressed eNOS compared with wild-type organoids and NO depletion with the scavenger carboxy-PTIO (c-PTIO) decreased the proliferation and the expression of stem-cell markers, such as Lgr5, Troy, Vav3, and Slc14a1, in these intestinal organoids. Moreover, specific NO depletion also decreased the expression of CSC-related proteins in human colorectal cancer cells such as β-catenin and Bmi1, impairing the CSC phenotype. To rule out the contribution of iNOS in this effect, we established an iNOS-knockdown colorectal cancer cell line. NO-depleted cells showed a decreased capacity to form tumors and c-PTIO treatment in vivo showed an antitumoral effect in a xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSION Our data support that eNOS upregulation occurs after Apc loss, emerging as an unexpected potential new target in poor-prognosis mesenchymal colorectal tumors, where NO scavenging could represent an interesting therapeutic alternative to targeting the CSC subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Peñarando
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura M López-Sánchez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Mena
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Silvia Guil-Luna
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Conde
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Hernández
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Toledano
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Gudiño
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michela Raponi
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Billard
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carlos Villar
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - César Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Gómez-Barbadillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan De la Haba-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Kevin Myant
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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19
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Prieto-Vila M, Takahashi RU, Usuba W, Kohama I, Ochiya T. Drug Resistance Driven by Cancer Stem Cells and Their Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122574. [PMID: 29194401 PMCID: PMC5751177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents one of the greatest challenges in cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subset of cells within the tumor with the potential for self-renewal, differentiation and tumorigenicity, are thought to be the major cause of cancer therapy failure due to their considerable chemo- and radioresistance, resulting in tumor recurrence and eventually metastasis. CSCs are situated in a specialized microenvironment termed the niche, mainly composed of fibroblasts and endothelial, mesenchymal and immune cells, which also play pivotal roles in drug resistance. These neighboring cells promote the molecular signaling pathways required for CSC maintenance and survival and also trigger endogenous drug resistance in CSCs. In addition, tumor niche components such as the extracellular matrix also physically shelter CSCs from therapeutic agents. Interestingly, CSCs contribute directly to the niche in a bilateral feedback loop manner. Here, we review the recent advances in the study of CSCs, the niche and especially their collective contribution to resistance, since increasingly studies suggest that this interaction should be considered as a target for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Prieto-Vila
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Ryou-U Takahashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Wataru Usuba
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Isaku Kohama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
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20
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The addition of celecoxib improves the antitumor effect of cetuximab in colorectal cancer: role of EGFR-RAS-FOXM1-β- catenin signaling axis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21754-21769. [PMID: 28423516 PMCID: PMC5400621 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we showed that the addition of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib improved the antitumor efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC) of the monoclonal anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab. The addition of celecoxib augmented the efficacy of cetuximab to inhibit cell proliferation and to induce apoptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, the combination of celecoxib and cetuximab was more effective than either treatment alone in reducing the tumor volume in a mouse xenograft model. The combined treatment enhanced the inhibition of EGFR signaling and altered the subcellular distribution of β-catenin. Moreover, knockdown of FOXM1 showed that this transcription factor participates in this enhanced antitumoral response. Besides, the combined treatment decreased β-catenin/FOXM1 interaction and reduced the cancer stem cell subpopulation in CRC cells, as indicated their diminished capacity to form colonospheres. Notably, the inmunodetection of FOXM1 in the nuclei of tumor cells in human colorectal adenocarcinomas was significantly associated with response of patients to cetuximab. In summary, our study shows that the addition of celecoxib enhances the antitumor efficacy of cetuximab in CRC due to impairment of EGFR-RAS-FOXM1-β-catenin signaling axis. Results also support that FOXM1 could be a predictive marker of response of mCRC patients to cetuximab therapy.
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21
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Blagoev KB, Wilkerson J, Burotto M, Kim C, Espinal-Domínguez E, García-Alfonso P, Alimchandani M, Miettinen M, Blanco-Codesido M, Fojo T. Neutral evolution of drug resistant colorectal cancer cell populations is independent of their KRAS status. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175484. [PMID: 28981524 PMCID: PMC5628783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence of tumor resistance to an anti-cancer therapy directed against a putative target raises several questions including: (1) do mutations in the target/pathway confer resistance? (2) Are these mutations pre-existing? (3) What is the relative fitness of cells with/without the mutation? We addressed these questions in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We conducted an exhaustive review of published data to establish a median doubling time for CRCs and stained a cohort of CRCs to document mitotic indices. We analyzed published data and our own data to calculate rates of growth (g) and regression (d, decay) of tumors in patients with CRC correlating these results with the detection of circulating MT-KRAS DNA. Additionally we estimated mathematically the caloric burden of such tumors using data on mitotic and apoptotic indices. We conclude outgrowth of cells harboring intrinsic or acquired MT-KRAS cannot explain resistance to anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) antibodies. Rates of tumor growth with panitumumab are unaffected by presence/absence of MT-KRAS. While MT-KRAS cells may be resistant to anti-EGFR antibodies, WT-KRAS cells also rapidly bypass this blockade suggesting inherent resistance mechanisms are responsible and a neutral evolution model is most appropriate. Using the above clinical data on tumor doubling times and mitotic and apoptotic indices we estimated the caloric intake required to support tumor growth and suggest it may explain in part cancer-associated cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krastan B. Blagoev
- Physics of Living Systems, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Julia Wilkerson
- Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Burotto
- Departamento de Oncologia, Clinica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chul Kim
- Medical Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Pilar García-Alfonso
- Departamento de Oncologia Medica, Gregorio Marañon University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Meghna Alimchandani
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Markku Miettinen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Tito Fojo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York and James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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22
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MicroR-545 mediates colorectal cancer cells proliferation through up-regulating epidermal growth factor receptor expression in HOTAIR long non-coding RNA dependent. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 431:45-54. [PMID: 28364379 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional impact of recently discovered miRNAs in human cancer remains to be clarified. One miRNA in colorectal cancer which has attracted attention is miR-545. In this study, we examined the function of miR-545 in proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Expressions of HOTAIR, miRNA-545, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA were measured in 100 paired cancerous and non-cancerous tissues as well as in SW480 and LOVO colorectal cancer cell (CRC) lines by quantitative RT-PCR. The relative protein level of EGFR was measured using western blotting. Effects of miRNA-545 and HOTAIR on gastric cancer cells were studied by overexpression and RNA interference approaches. Insight of mechanism of promotion cancer by miR-545 was gained from luciferase reporter assay and gene expression analysis. CRC proliferation was evaluated using clone formation and MTT assay. Differential expressions of HOTAIR, miR-545, and EGFR were observed in cancerous tissues in comparison to non-cancerous tissues. By expressional management of miR-545, we observed that miR-545 negatively regulated cell proliferation. Also luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-545 inhibited regulated EGFR expression by affecting its 3'-UTR activity. In addition, miR-545 expression was suppressed by HOTAIR overexpression whereas enhanced by HOTAIR silence. Suppression of EGFR expression by miR-545 mimic was abrogated by HOTAIR overexpression. Monitoring of tumor growth in mice showed that miR-545 overexpression suppressed LOVO tumor growth. Our data suggested that HOTAIR long non-coding RNA mediates microR-545 regulating colorectal cancer cells proliferation.
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23
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Kim H, Kim Y, Jeoung D. DDX53 Promotes Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties and Autophagy. Mol Cells 2017; 40:54-65. [PMID: 28152297 PMCID: PMC5303889 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer/testis antigen DDX53 confers anti-cancer drug-resistance, the effect of DDX53 on cancer stem cell-like properties and autophagy remains unknown. MDA-MB-231 (CD133+) cells showed higher expression of DDX53, SOX-2, NANOG and MDR1 than MDA-MB-231 (CD133-). DDX53 increased in vitro self-renewal activity of MCF-7 while decreasing expression of DDX53 by siRNA lowered in vitro self-renewal activity of MDA-MB-231. DDX53 showed an interaction with EGFR and binding to the promoter sequences of EGFR. DDX53 induced resistance to anti-cancer drugs in MCF-7 cells while decreased expression of DDX53 by siRNA increased the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 to anti-cancer drugs. Negative regulators of DDX53, such as miR-200b and miR-217, increased the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 to anti-cancer drugs. MDA-MB-231 showed higher expression of autophagy marker proteins such as ATG-5, pBeclin1Ser15 and LC-3I/II compared with MCF-7. DDX53 regulated the expression of marker proteins of autophagy in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. miR-200b and miR-217 negatively regulated the expression of autophagy marker proteins. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed the direct regulation of ATG-5. The decreased expression of ATG-5 by siRNA increased the sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, DDX53 promotes stem cell-like properties, autophagy, and confers resistance to anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuna Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341,
Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341,
Korea
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341,
Korea
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24
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Musumeci F, Fallacara AL, Brullo C, Grossi G, Botta L, Calandro P, Chiariello M, Kissova M, Crespan E, Maga G, Schenone S. Identification of new pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as Src tyrosine kinase inhibitors in vitro active against Glioblastoma. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 127:369-378. [PMID: 28076826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, several pyrrolo-pyrimidine derivatives have been either approved by the US FDA and in other countries for the treatment of different diseases or are currently in phase I/II clinical trials. Herein we present the synthesis and the characterization of a novel series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines, compounds 8a-j, and their activity against Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Docking studies and MM-GBSA analysis revealed the ability of such compounds to efficiently interact with the ATP binding site of Src. Enzymatic assays against a mini-panel of kinases (Src, Fyn, EGFR, Kit, Flt3, Abl, AblT315I) have been performed, showing an unexpected selectivity of our pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines for Src. Finally, the derivatives were tested for their antiproliferative potency on U87 GBM cell line. Compound 8h showed a considerable cytotoxicity effect against U87 cell line with an IC50 value of 7.1 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Musumeci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Fallacara
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Brullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Grossi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Botta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università"Federico II" di Napoli, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Calandro
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mario Chiariello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica and Istituto Toscano Tumori, Core Research Laboratory, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Miroslava Kissova
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, IGM-CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Crespan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, IGM-CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maga
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, IGM-CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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25
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Li YX, Wang JL, Gao M, Tang H, Gui R, Fu YF. Celecoxib-erlotinib combination delays growth and inhibits angiogenesis in EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1494-1510. [PMID: 27508092 PMCID: PMC4969399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is becoming more popular due to the anticipation that it may be more effective than single drug treatment. In addition, there are efforts to genetically screen patients for specific mutations in light of attempting to administer specific anticancer agents that are most effective. In this study, we evaluate the anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects of low dose celecoxib-erlotinib combination in NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. In NSCLC cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, combination celecoxib-erlotinib treatment led to synergistic cell death, but there was minimal efficacy in NSCLC cells with wild-type EGFR. In xenograft models, combination treatment also demonstrated greater inhibition of tumor growth compared to individual treatment. The anti-tumor effect observed was secondary to the targeting of angiogenesis, evidenced by decreased vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) levels and decreased levels of CD31 and microvessel density. Combination treatment targets angiogenesis through the modulation of of the PI3K/AKT and ERK/Raf1-1 pathway in NSCLC with EGFR exon 19 deletions. These findings may have significant clinical implications in patients with tumors harboring EGFR exon 19 deletions as they may be particularly sensitive to this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao Li
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jia Le Wang
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
| | - Meng Gao
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hao Tang
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
| | - Rong Gui
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yun Feng Fu
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410013, China
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26
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Pantziarka P, Sukhatme V, Bouche G, Meheus L, Sukhatme VP. Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO)-diclofenac as an anti-cancer agent. Ecancermedicalscience 2016; 10:610. [PMID: 26823679 PMCID: PMC4720497 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2016.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a well-known and widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with a range of actions which are of interest in an oncological context. While there has long been an interest in the use of NSAIDs in chemoprevention, there is now emerging evidence that such drugs may have activity in a treatment setting. DCF, which is a potent inhibitor of COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis, displays a range of effects on the immune system, the angiogenic cascade, chemo- and radio-sensitivity and tumour metabolism. Both pre-clinical and clinical evidence of these effects, in multiple cancer types, is assessed and summarised and relevant mechanisms of action outlined. Based on this evidence the case is made for further clinical investigation of the anticancer effects of DCF, particularly in combination with other agents - with a range of possible multi-drug and multi-modality combinations outlined in the supplementary materials accompanying the main paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pantziarka
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
- The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Lydie Meheus
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- GlobalCures, Inc; Newton MA 02459, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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27
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Stadler M, Walter S, Walzl A, Kramer N, Unger C, Scherzer M, Unterleuthner D, Hengstschläger M, Krupitza G, Dolznig H. Increased complexity in carcinomas: Analyzing and modeling the interaction of human cancer cells with their microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35:107-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Drug Resistance in Cancers: Implications in Advanced Prostate Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:454837. [PMID: 26587537 PMCID: PMC4637461 DOI: 10.1155/2015/454837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate various biological processes and can control cell proliferation and survival, as well as being involved in normal cell development and diseases such as cancers. In cancer treatment, development of acquired drug resistance phenotype is a serious issue. Recently it has been shown that the presence of multidrug resistance proteins such as Pgp-1 and enrichment of the lipid ceramide in EVs could have a role in mediating drug resistance. EVs could also mediate multidrug resistance through uptake of drugs in vesicles and thus limit the bioavailability of drugs to treat cancer cells. In this review, we discussed the emerging evidence of the role EVs play in mediating drug resistance in cancers and in particular the role of EVs mediating drug resistance in advanced prostate cancer. The role of EV-associated multidrug resistance proteins, miRNA, mRNA, and lipid as well as the potential interaction(s) among these factors was probed. Lastly, we provide an overview of the current available treatments for advanced prostate cancer, considering where EVs may mediate the development of resistance against these drugs.
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29
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Lee KL, Kuo YC, Ho YS, Huang YH. Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO mutant that produces altered elastase. J Bacteriol 1980; 11:cancers11091334. [PMID: 31505803 PMCID: PMC6769912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is cancer that tested as negative for estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and excess human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein which accounts for 15%–20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is considered to be a poorer prognosis than other types of breast cancer, mainly because it involves more aggressive phenotypes that are similar to stem cell–like cancer cells (cancer stem cell, CSC). Thus, targeted treatment of TNBC remains a major challenge in clinical practice. This review article surveys the latest evidence concerning the role of genomic alteration in current TNBC treatment responses, current clinical trials and potential targeting sites, CSC and drug resistance, and potential strategies targeting CSCs in TNBC. Furthermore, the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in stemness expression, chemoresistance, and metastasis in TNBC and their relevance to potential treatments are also discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kha-Liang Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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