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Garg A, Bandyopadhyay S. Role of an interdependent Wnt, GSK3-β/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR mechanism in arsenic-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in adult mice. Chemosphere 2024; 352:141375. [PMID: 38325618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported the neurotoxic effects of arsenic in the hippocampus. Here, we explored the involvement of Wnt pathway, which contributes to neuronal functions. Administering environmentally relevant arsenic concentrations to postnatal day-60 (PND60) mice demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in hippocampal Wnt3a and its components, Frizzled, phospho-LRP6, Dishevelled and Axin1 at PND90 and PND120. However, p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin levels although elevated at PND90, decreased at PND120. Additionally, treatment with Wnt-inhibitor, rDkk1, reduced p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin at PND90, but failed to affect their levels at PND120, indicating a time-dependent link with Wnt. To explore other underlying factors, we assessed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, which interacts with GSK3-β and appears relevant to neuronal functions. We primarily found that arsenic reduced hippocampal phosphorylated-EGFR and its ligand, Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), at both PND90 and PND120. Moreover, treatment with HB-EGF rescued p-GSK3-β(Ser9) and β-catenin levels at PND120, suggesting their HB-EGF/EGFR-dependent regulation at this time point. Additionally, rDkk1, LiCl (GSK3-β-activity inhibitor), or β-catenin protein treatments induced a time-dependent recovery in HB-EGF, indicating potential inter-dependent mechanism between hippocampal Wnt/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR following arsenic exposure. Fluorescence immunolabeling then validated these findings in hippocampal neurons. Further exploration of hippocampal neuronal survival and apoptosis demonstrated that treatment with rDkk1, LiCl, β-catenin and HB-EGF improved Nissl staining and NeuN levels, and reduced cleaved-caspase-3 levels in arsenic-treated mice. Supportively, we detected improved Y-Maze and Passive Avoidance performances for learning-memory functions in these mice. Overall, our study provides novel insights into Wnt/β-catenin and HB-EGF/EGFR pathway interaction in arsenic-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Garg
- Systems Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Systems Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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2
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Yang F, Liu Y, Wang N, Li Y, Liu Y, Qiu Z, Zhang L, You X, Gan L. MicroRNA-194-5p/Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor signaling mediates dexamethasone-induced activation of pseudorabies virus in rat pheochromocytoma cells. Vet Microbiol 2024; 290:109974. [PMID: 38262115 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a neurotropic virus, which infects a wide range of mammals. The activity of PRV is gradually suppressed in hosts that have tolerated the primary infection. Increased glucocorticoid levels resulting from stressful stimuli overcome repression of PRV activity. However, the host cell mechanism involved in the activation processes under stressful conditions remains unclear. In this study, infection of rat PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells with neuronal properties using PRV at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) = 1 for 24 h made the activity of PRV be the relatively repressed state, and then incubation with 0.5 μM of the corticosteroid dexamethasone (DEX) for 4 h overcomes the relative repression of PRV activity. RNA-seq deep sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed different microRNA and mRNA profiles of PC-12 cells with/without PRV and/or DEX treatment. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses confirmed the negative regulatory relationship of miRNA-194-5p and its target heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (Hbegf); a dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that Hbegf is directly targeted by miRNA-194-5p. Further, miRNA-194-5p mock transfection contributed to PRV activation, Hbegf was downregulated in DEX-treated PRV infection cells, and Hbegf overexpression contributed to returning activated PRV to the repression state. Moreover, miRNA-194-5p overexpression resulted in reduced levels of HBEGF, c-JUN, and p-EGFR, whereas Hbegf overexpression suppressed the reduction caused by miRNA-194-5p overexpression. Overall, this study is the first to report that changes in the miR-194-5p-HBEGF/EGFR pathway in neurons are involved in DEX-induced activation of PRV, laying a foundation for the clinical prevention of stress-induced PRV activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Naixiu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zhiyun Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xiaoyan You
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
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3
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Cigliola V, Shoffner A, Lee N, Ou J, Gonzalez TJ, Hoque J, Becker CJ, Han Y, Shen G, Faw TD, Abd-El-Barr MM, Varghese S, Asokan A, Poss KD. Spinal cord repair is modulated by the neurogenic factor Hb-egf under direction of a regeneration-associated enhancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4857. [PMID: 37567873 PMCID: PMC10421883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike adult mammals, zebrafish regenerate spinal cord tissue and recover locomotor ability after a paralyzing injury. Here, we find that ependymal cells in zebrafish spinal cords produce the neurogenic factor Hb-egfa upon transection injury. Animals with hb-egfa mutations display defective swim capacity, axon crossing, and tissue bridging after spinal cord transection, associated with disrupted indicators of neuron production. Local recombinant human HB-EGF delivery alters ependymal cell cycling and tissue bridging, enhancing functional regeneration. Epigenetic profiling reveals a tissue regeneration enhancer element (TREE) linked to hb-egfa that directs gene expression in spinal cord injuries. Systemically delivered recombinant AAVs containing this zebrafish TREE target gene expression to crush injuries of neonatal, but not adult, murine spinal cords. Moreover, enhancer-based HB-EGF delivery by AAV administration improves axon densities after crush injury in neonatal cords. Our results identify Hb-egf as a neurogenic factor necessary for innate spinal cord regeneration and suggest strategies to improve spinal cord repair in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cigliola
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Adam Shoffner
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nutishia Lee
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianhong Ou
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Trevor J Gonzalez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jiaul Hoque
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Clayton J Becker
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yanchao Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Grace Shen
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Timothy D Faw
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kenneth D Poss
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Kim YS, Yuan J, Dewar A, Borg JP, Threadgill DW, Sun X, Dey SK. An unanticipated discourse of HB-EGF with VANGL2 signaling during embryo implantation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302937120. [PMID: 37155852 PMCID: PMC10193979 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302937120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Implantation is the first direct encounter between the embryo and uterus during pregnancy, and Hbegf is the earliest known molecular signaling for embryo-uterine crosstalk during implantation. The downstream effectors of heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF) in implantation remain elusive due to the complexity of EGF receptor family. This study shows that the formation of implantation chamber (crypt) triggered by HB-EGF is disrupted by uterine deletion of Vangl2, a key planar cell polarity component (PCP). We found that HB-EGF binds to ERBB2 and ERBB3 to recruit VANGL2 for tyrosine phosphorylation. Using in vivo models, we show that uterine VAGL2 tyrosine phosphorylation is suppressed in Erbb2/Erbb3 double conditional knockout mice. In this context, severe implantation defects in these mice lend support to the critical role of HB-EGF-ERBB2/3-VANGL2 in establishing a two-way dialogue between the blastocyst and uterus. In addition, the result addresses an outstanding question how VANGL2 is activated during implantation. Taken together, these observations reveal that HB-EGF regulates the implantation process by influencing uterine epithelial cell polarity comprising VANGL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sun Kim
- Center of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45299
| | - Jia Yuan
- Center of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45299
| | - Amanda Dewar
- Center of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45299
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Aix Marseille Univ UM105, Inst Paoli Calmettes, UMR7258 CNRS, U1068 INSERM, Cell Polarity, Cell Signalling and Cancer - Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13009Marseille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 73231Paris, France
| | - David W. Threadgill
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX77843
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Center of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45299
| | - Sudhansu K. Dey
- Center of Reproductive Sciences, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45299
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5
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Vishwakarma J, Gupta K, Mishra J, Garg A, Malik R, Kashyap A, Shukla M, Singh D, Bandyopadhyay S. Hypothyroidism induces motor deficit via altered cerebellar HB-EGF/EGFR and autophagy. J Endocrinol 2023; 257:e220338. [PMID: 36655849 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) are vital for brain functions, while TH deficiency, i.e. hypothyroidism, induces neurological impairment in children and adults. Cerebellar neuronal apoptosis and motor deficits are crucial events in hypothyroidism; however, the underlying mechanism is less-known. Using a methimazole-treated hypothyroidism rat model, we investigated cerebellar autophagy, growth factor, and apoptotic mechanisms that participate in motor functions. We first identified that methimazole up-regulated cerebellar autophagy, marked by enhanced LC3B-II, Beclin-1, ATG7, ATG5-12, p-AMPKα/AMPKα, and p62 degradation as well as reduced p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, and p-ULK1/ULK1 in developing and young adult rats. We probed upstream effectors of this abnormal autophagy and detected a methimazole-induced reduction in cerebellar phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR)/EGFR and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF). Here, while a thyroxine-induced TH replenishment alleviated autophagy process and restored HB-EGF/EGFR, HB-EGF treatment regulated AKT-mTOR and autophagy signaling in the cerebellum. Moreover, neurons of the rat cerebellum demonstrated this reduced HB-EGF-dependent increased autophagy in hypothyroidism. We further checked whether the above events were related to cerebellar neuronal apoptosis and motor functions. We detected that comparable to thyroxine, treatment with HB-EGF or autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, reduced methimazole-induced decrease in Nissl staining and increase in c-Caspase-3 and TUNEL-+ve apoptotic count of cerebellar neurons. Additionally, 3-MA, HB-EGF, and thyroxine attenuated the methimazole-induced diminution in riding time on rota-rod and grip strength for the motor performance of rats. Overall, our study enlightens HB-EGF/EGFR-dependent autophagy mechanism as a key to cerebellar neuronal loss and functional impairments in developmental hypothyroidism, which may be inhibited by HB-EGF and 3-MA treatments, like thyroxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Vishwakarma
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Keerti Gupta
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asmita Garg
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rafat Malik
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kashyap
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Shukla
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Central Pathology Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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6
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Hult EM, Gurczynski SJ, O’Dwyer DN, Zemans RL, Rasky A, Wang Y, Murray S, Crawford HC, Moore BB. Myeloid- and Epithelial-derived Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor-like Growth Factor Promotes Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:641-653. [PMID: 36036796 PMCID: PMC9743186 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0174oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a poorly understood, progressive lethal lung disease with no known cure. In addition to alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, chronic inflammation is a hallmark of IPF. Literature suggests that the persistent inflammation seen in IPF primarily consists of monocytes and macrophages. Recent work demonstrates that monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (moAMs) drive lung fibrosis, but further characterization of critical moAM cell attributes is necessary. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an important epidermal growth factor receptor ligand that has essential roles in angiogenesis, wound healing, keratinocyte migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Our past work has shown HB-EGF is a primary marker of profibrotic M2 macrophages, and this study seeks to characterize myeloid-derived HB-EGF and its primary mechanism of action in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis using Hbegff/f;Lyz2Cre+ mice. Here, we show that patients with IPF and mice with pulmonary fibrosis have increased expression of HB-EGF and that lung macrophages and transitional AECs of mice with pulmonary fibrosis and humans all express HB-EGF. We also show that Hbegff/f;Lyz2Cre+ mice are protected from bleomycin-induced fibrosis and that this protection is likely multifactorial, caused by decreased CCL2-dependent monocyte migration, decreased fibroblast migration, and decreased contribution of HB-EGF from AEC sources when HB-EGF is removed under the Lyz2Cre promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yizhuo Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Susan Murray
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Howard C. Crawford
- Henry Ford Pancreatic Center, Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Department of Internal Medicine
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7
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Gu Y, Wang C, Qin X, Zhou B, Liu X, Liu T, Xie R, Liu J, Wang B, Cao H. Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast probiotic, inhibits gut motility through upregulating intestinal serotonin transporter and modulating gut microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2022; 181:106291. [PMID: 35690329 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) is a widely used fungal probiotic in treating various digestive diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the specific mechanisms of Sb relieving IBS remain unclear. The abnormal serotonin transporter (SERT) / 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system could cause disordered gastrointestinal sensation and motility, which closely related to IBS pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of Sb on regulating gut motility. Sb supernatant (SbS) was administered to intestinal epithelial cells and mice. SbS upregulated SERT expression via enhancing heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) release to activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR kinase inhibitor treatment or HB-EGF siRNA transfection in cells blocked SbS upregulating SERT. Consistently, SbS-treated mice presented inhibited gut motility, and EGFR activation and SERT upregulation were found. Moreover, 16 S rDNA sequence presented an evident decrease in Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio in SbS group. In genus level, SbS reduced Escherichia_Shigella, Alistipes, Clostridium XlVa, and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis, meanwhile, increased Parasutterella. The abundance of Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis positively correlated with defecation parameters and intestinal 5-HT content. Fecal microbiota transplantation showed that SbS could modulate gut microbiota to influence gut motility. Interestingly, elimination of gut microbiota with antibiotic cocktail did not entirely block SbS regulating gut motility. Furthermore, SbS administration to IBS-D mice significantly upregulated SERT and inhibited gut motility. In conclusion, SbS could upregulate SERT by EGFR activation, and modulate gut microbiota to inhibit gut motility. This finding would provide more evidence for the application of this yeast probiotic in IBS and other diarrheal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Xiali Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin TeDa Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
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8
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Zhang JJ, Cao CX, Wan LL, Zhang W, Liu ZJ, Wang JL, Guo Q, Tang H. Forkhead Box q1 promotes invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer by activating the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:1781-1797. [PMID: 35633908 PMCID: PMC9099194 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i17.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an extremely malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. Little is known about the mechanism by which forkhead Box q1 (FOXQ1) causes CRC invasion and metastasis through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway.
AIM To illuminate the mechanism by which FOXQ1 promotes the invasion and metastasis of CRC by activating the heparin binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF)/EGFR pathway.
METHODS We investigated the differential expression and prognosis of FOXQ1 and HB-EGF in CRC using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) website (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/index.html). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of FOXQ1 and HB-EGF in cell lines and tissues, and we constructed a stable low-expressing FOXQ1 cell line and verified it with the above method. The expression changes of membrane-bound HB-EGF (proHB-EGF) and soluble HB-EGF (sHB-EGF) in the low-expressing FOXQ1 cell line were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect changes in the expression levels of HB-EGF and EGFR pathway-related downstream genes when exogenous recombinant human HB-EGF was added to FOXQ1 knockdown cells. Proliferation experiments, transwell migration experiments, and scratch experiments were carried out to determine the mechanism by which FOXQ1 activates the EGFR signaling pathway through HB-EGF, and then to evaluate the clinical relevance of FOXQ1 and HB-EGF.
RESULTS GEPIA showed that the expression of FOXQ1 in CRC tissues was relatively high and was related to a lower overall survival rate. PCR array results showed that FOXQ1 is related to the HB-EGF and EGFR pathways. Knockdown of FOXQ1 suppressed the expression of HB-EGF, and led to a decrease in EGFR and its downstream genes AKT, RAF, KRAS expression levels. After knockdown of FOXQ1 in CRC cell lines, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were attenuated. Adding HB-EGF restored the migration and invasion ability of CRC, but not the cell proliferation ability. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis results showed that the combination of FOXQ1 and HB-EGF may serve to predict CRC survival.
CONCLUSION Based on these collective data, we propose that FOXQ1 promotes the invasion and metastasis of CRC via the HB-EGF/EGFR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Zhang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chang-Xiong Cao
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li-Lan Wan
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Jiang Liu
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jin-Li Wang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
- Department of Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, Yunnan Province, China
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9
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Watanabe J, Takayanagi Y, Yoshida M, Hattori T, Saito M, Kohno K, Kobayashi E, Onaka T. Conditional ablation of vasopressin-synthesizing neurons in transgenic rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13057. [PMID: 34748241 PMCID: PMC9285515 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin-synthesizing neurons are located in several brain regions, including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON) and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Vasopressin has been shown to have various functions in the brain, including social recognition memory, stress responses, emotional behaviors and circadian rhythms. The precise physiological functions of vasopressin-synthesizing neurons in specific brain regions remain to be clarified. Conditional ablation of local vasopressin-synthesizing neurons may be a useful tool for investigation of the functions of vasopressin neurons in the regions. In the present study, we characterized a transgenic rat line that expresses a mutated human diphtheria toxin receptor under control of the vasopressin gene promoter. Under a condition of salt loading, which activates the vasopressin gene in the hypothalamic PVN and SON, transgenic rats were i.c.v. injected with diphtheria toxin. Intracerebroventricular administration of diphtheria toxin after salt loading depleted vasopressin-immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamic PVN and SON, but not in the SCN. The number of oxytocin-immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamus was not significantly changed. The rats that received i.c.v. diphtheria toxin after salt loading showed polydipsia and polyuria, which were rescued by peripheral administration of 1-deamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin via an osmotic mini-pump. Intrahypothalamic administration of diphtheria toxin in transgenic rats under a normal hydration condition reduced the number of vasopressin-immunoreactive neurons, but not the number of oxytocin-immunoreactive neurons. The transgenic rat model can be used for selective ablation of vasopressin-synthesizing neurons and may be useful for clarifying roles of vasopressin neurons at least in the hypothalamic PVN and SON in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuki Takayanagi
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshida
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hattori
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Michiko Saito
- Institute for Research Initiatives, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Kohno
- Institute for Research Initiatives, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Onaka
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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10
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Akimov V, Fehling-Kaschek M, Barrio-Hernandez I, Puglia M, Bunkenborg J, Nielsen MM, Timmer J, Dengjel J, Blagoev B. Magnitude of Ubiquitination Determines the Fate of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Upon Ligand Stimulation. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167240. [PMID: 34508725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) bind growth factors and are critical for cell proliferation and differentiation. Their dysregulation leads to a loss of growth control, often resulting in cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the prototypic RTK and can bind several ligands exhibiting distinct mitogenic potentials. Whereas the phosphorylation on individual EGFR sites and their roles for downstream signaling have been extensively studied, less is known about ligand-specific ubiquitination events on EGFR, which are crucial for signal attenuation and termination. We used a proteomics-based workflow for absolute quantitation combined with mathematical modeling to unveil potentially decisive ubiquitination events on EGFR from the first 30 seconds to 15 minutes of stimulation. Four ligands were used for stimulation: epidermal growth factor (EGF), heparin-binding-EGF like growth factor, transforming growth factor-α and epiregulin. Whereas only little differences in the order of individual ubiquitination sites were observed, the overall amount of modified receptor differed depending on the used ligand, indicating that absolute magnitude of EGFR ubiquitination, and not distinctly regulated ubiquitination sites, is a major determinant for signal attenuation and the subsequent cellular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav Akimov
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Mirjam Fehling-Kaschek
- Institut of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Michele Puglia
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jakob Bunkenborg
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Mogens M Nielsen
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jens Timmer
- Institut of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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11
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Valek L, Tegeder I. Failure of Diphtheria Toxin Model to Induce Parkinson-Like Behavior in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179496. [PMID: 34502404 PMCID: PMC8430633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent models of Parkinson’s disease are based on transgenic expression of mutant synuclein, deletion of PD genes, injections of MPTP or rotenone, or seeding of synuclein fibrils. The models show histopathologic features of PD such as Lewi bodies but mostly only subtle in vivo manifestations or systemic toxicity. The models only partly mimic a predominant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. We therefore generated mice that express the transgenic diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) specifically in DA neurons by crossing DAT-Cre mice with Rosa26 loxP-STOP-loxP DTR mice. After defining a well-tolerated DTx dose, DAT-DTR and DTR-flfl controls were subjected to non-toxic DTx treatment (5 × 100 pg/g) and subsequent histology and behavioral tests. DAT protein levels were reduced in the midbrain, and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons were reduced in the substantia nigra, whereas the pan-neuronal marker NeuN was not affected. Despite the promising histologic results, there was no difference in motor function tests or open field behavior. These are tests in which double mutant Pink1−/−SNCAA53T Parkinson mice show behavioral abnormalities. Higher doses of DTx were toxic in both groups. The data suggest that DTx treatment in mice with Cre/loxP-driven DAT-DTR expression leads to partial ablation of DA-neurons but without PD-reminiscent behavioral correlates.
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12
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Salama Y, Jaradat N, Hattori K, Heissig B. Aloysia Citrodora Essential Oil Inhibits Melanoma Cell Growth and Migration by Targeting HB-EGF-EGFR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158151. [PMID: 34360915 PMCID: PMC8347434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with melanoma have a poor prognosis due to regional invasion and metastases. The receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is found in a subtype of melanoma with a poor prognosis and contributes to drug resistance. Aloysia citrodora essential oil (ALOC-EO) possesses an antitumor effect. Understanding signaling pathways that contribute to the antitumor of ALOC-EO is important to identify novel tumor types that can be targeted by ALOC-EO. Here, we investigated the effects of ALOC-EO on melanoma growth and tumor cell migration. ALOC-EO blocked melanoma growth in vitro and impaired primary tumor cell growth in vivo. Mechanistically, ALOC-EO blocked heparin-binding-epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF)-induced EGFR signaling and suppressed ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Myelosuppressive drugs upregulated HB-EGF and EGFR expression in melanoma cells. Cotreatment of myelosuppressive drugs with ALOC-EO improved the antitumor activity and inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 and -9 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein9. In summary, our study demonstrates that ALOC-EO blocks EGFR and ERK1/2 signaling, with preclinical efficacy as a monotherapy or in combination with myelosuppressive drugs in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Salama
- An-Najah Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 99900800, Palestine
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (B.H.)
| | - Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus 00970, Palestine;
| | - Koichi Hattori
- Center for Genomic & Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Beate Heissig
- Department of Immunological Diagnosis, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (B.H.)
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13
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Tian X, Wang Y, Lu Y, Wang W, Du J, Chen S, Zhou H, Cai W, Xiao Y. Conditional depletion of macrophages ameliorates cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis via lncRNA-H19. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:646. [PMID: 34168124 PMCID: PMC8225916 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03931-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although macrophages are recognized as important players in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases, their roles in cholestatic liver fibrosis remain incompletely understood. We previously reported that long noncoding RNA-H19 (lncRNA-H19) contributes to cholangiocyte proliferation and cholestatic liver fibrosis of biliary atresia (BA). We here show that monocyte/macrophage CD11B mRNA levels are increased significantly in livers of BA patients and positively correlated with the progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis. The macrophages increasingly infiltrate and accumulate in the fibrotic niche and peribiliary areas in livers of BA patients. Selective depletion of macrophages using the transgenic CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor (CD11b-DTR) mice halts bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced progression of liver damage and fibrosis. Meanwhile, macrophage depletion significantly reduces the BDL-induced hepatic lncRNA-H19. Overexpression of H19 in livers using adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) counteracts the effects of macrophage depletion on liver fibrosis and cholangiocyte proliferation. Additionally, both H19 knockout (H19-/-) and conditional deletion of H19 in macrophage (H19ΔCD11B) significantly depress the macrophage polarization and recruitment. lncRNA-H19 overexpressed in THP-1 macrophages enhance expression of Rho-GTPase CDC42 and RhoA. In conclusions, selectively depletion of macrophages suppresses cholestatic liver injuries and fibrosis via the lncRNA-H19 and represents a potential therapeutic strategy for rapid liver fibrosis in BA patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD11b Antigen/genetics
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Proliferation
- Cholestasis/complications
- Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor/genetics
- Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor/metabolism
- Humans
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/prevention & control
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/prevention & control
- Macrophage Activation
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- THP-1 Cells
- cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbei Tian
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and McGuire Veterans AfSfairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Wei Cai
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Hackler Y, Siebenhaar F, Löhning M, Maurer M, Muñoz M. Mast Cells Modulate Antigen-Specific CD8 + T Cell Activation During LCMV Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688347. [PMID: 34194439 PMCID: PMC8236703 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs), strategically localized at mucosal surfaces, provide first-line defense against pathogens and shape innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent studies have shown that MCs are involved in pathogenic responses to several viruses including herpes simplex viruses, dengue virus, vaccinia virus and influenza virus. However, the underlying mechanisms of MCs in the activation of CD8+ T cells during viral infections are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigate the role of MCs in the development of virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses using the well-characterized murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model and the transgenic MasTRECK mice that contain the human diphtheria toxin receptor as an inducible MC-deficient model. Here, we report that MCs are essential for the activation and expansion of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. After MC depletion and subsequent intradermal LCMV infection, the CD8 + T cell effector phenotype and antiviral cytokine production were impaired at the peak of infection (day 8 p.i.). Importantly, MC-deficient mice were unable to control the infection and exhibited significantly higher viral loads in the spleen and in the ear draining lymph nodes compared to that of wild type control mice. In the absence of MCs, dendritic cell (DC) activation was impaired upon LCMV infection. In addition, type-I interferon (IFN) levels in the serum and in the spleen of MC-deficient mice were reduced during the first days of infection. Interestingly, depletion of MCs after intradermal LCMV infection did not impair virus-specific CD8+ T cell expansion, activation or antiviral cytokine production. In summary, our results indicate that MCs play a pivotal role in the activation and antiviral functions of CD8+ T cells through proper DC activation. A better understanding of the impact of MCs on CD8+ T cell responses is mandatory to improve antiviral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Hackler
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Löhning
- Experimental Immunology and Osteoarthritis Research, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Pitzer Laboratory of Osteoarthritis Research, German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melba Muñoz
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Sominsky L, Dangel T, Malik S, De Luca SN, Singewald N, Spencer SJ. Microglial ablation in rats disrupts the circadian system. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21195. [PMID: 33200466 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001555rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the key neuroimmune cells of the central nervous system, are best known for their function in defending an individual from pathogens and injury. Recent findings, including our own, suggest microglia also have several immune-independent roles, including in regulating satiety, promoting memory, and modifying pain responses. Many of these microglia-associated functions are affected by circadian rhythmicity, thus, varying substantially depending upon the time of day. To gain further insight into this link, we used a Cx3cr1-Dtr transgenic Wistar rat model to acutely deplete microglia and examined if this could lead to a disruption in diurnal temperature, metabolism, and activity measures. We also examined if differences in the physiological rhythms corresponded with changes in the expression of key circadian rhythm-regulating genes and proteins. Our data show that in the absence of microglia there is a pronounced disruption of diurnal rhythms in several domains consistent with a shift toward the inactive phase, in conjunction with changes in circadian rhythm-regulating genes and proteins. These data suggest microglia are involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms and indicate an exciting potential to manipulate these cells to improve disrupted circadian rhythms such as with shift-work or jet-lag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luba Sominsky
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara Dangel
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sajida Malik
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simone N De Luca
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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da Rocha JF, Bastos L, Domingues SC, Bento AR, Konietzko U, da Cruz E Silva OAB, Vieira SI. APP Binds to the EGFR Ligands HB-EGF and EGF, Acting Synergistically with EGF to Promote ERK Signaling and Neuritogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:668-688. [PMID: 33009641 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane glycoprotein central to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with functions in brain development and plasticity, including in neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) are well-described neurotrophic and neuromodulator EGFR ligands, both implicated in neurological disorders, including AD. Pro-HB-EGF arose as a putative novel APP interactor in a human brain cDNA library yeast two-hybrid screen. Based on their structural and functional similarities, we first aimed to verify if APP could bind to (HB-)EGF proforms. Here, we show that APP interacts with these two EGFR ligands, and further characterized the effects of APP-EGF interaction in ERK activation and neuritogenesis. Yeast co-transformation and co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed APP interaction with HB-EGF. Co-immunoprecipitation also revealed that APP binds to cellular pro-EGF. Overexpression of HB-EGF in HeLa cells, or exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to EGF, both resulted in increased APP protein levels. EGF and APP were observed to synergistically activate the ERK pathway, crucial for neuronal differentiation. Immunofluorescence analysis of cellular neuritogenesis in APP overexpression and EGF exposure conditions confirmed a synergistic effect in promoting the number and the mean length of neurite-like processes. Synergistic ERK activation and neuritogenic effects were completely blocked by the EGFR inhibitor PD 168393, implying APP/EGF-induced activation of EGFR as part of the mechanism. This work shows novel APP protein interactors and provides a major insight into the APP/EGF-driven mechanisms underlying neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation, with potential relevance for AD and for adult neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F da Rocha
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Bastos
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Roche Sistemas de Diagnósticos, Lda, 2720-413, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Sara C Domingues
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana R Bento
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Uwe Konietzko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Odete A B da Cruz E Silva
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Vieira
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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17
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Fontaine JT, Rosehart AC, Joutel A, Dabertrand F. HB-EGF depolarizes hippocampal arterioles to restore myogenic tone in a genetic model of small vessel disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 192:111389. [PMID: 33127441 PMCID: PMC7683376 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment, the second most common cause of dementia, profoundly affects hippocampal-dependent functions. However, while the growing literature covers complex neuronal interactions, little is known about the sustaining hippocampal microcirculation. Here we examined vasoconstriction to physiological pressures of hippocampal arterioles, a fundamental feature of small arteries, in a genetic mouse model of CADASIL, an archetypal cerebral small vessel disease. Using diameter and membrane potential recordings on isolated arterioles, we observed both blunted pressure-induced vasoconstriction and smooth muscle cell depolarization in CADASIL. This impairment was abolished in the presence of voltage-gated potassium (KV1) channel blocker 4-aminopyridine, or by application of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), which promotes KV1 channel down-regulations. Interestingly, we observed that HB-EGF induced a depolarization of the myocyte plasma membrane within the arteriolar wall in CADASIL, but not wild-type, arterioles. Collectively, our results indicate that hippocampal arterioles in CADASIL mice display a blunted contractile response to luminal pressure, similar to the defect we previously reported in cortical arterioles and pial arteries, that is rescued by HB-EGF. Hippocampal vascular dysfunction in CADASIL could then contribute to the decreased vascular reserve associated with decreased cognitive performance, and its correction may provide a therapeutic option for treating vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson T Fontaine
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amanda C Rosehart
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anne Joutel
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA; Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, INSERM UMR1266, University of Paris, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, France
| | - Fabrice Dabertrand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Current clinical interest lies in the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive impairment. Previous work demonstrated that noise exposure, a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), leads to cognitive impairments in mice. However, in noise-induced models, it is difficult to distinguish the effects of noise trauma from subsequent SNHL on central processes. Here, we use cochlear hair cell ablation to isolate the effects of SNHL. Cochlear hair cells were conditionally and selectively ablated in mature, transgenic mice where the human diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor was expressed behind the hair-cell specific Pou4f3 promoter. Due to higher Pou4f3 expression in cochlear hair cells than vestibular hair cells, administration of a low dose of DT caused profound SNHL without vestibular dysfunction and had no effect on wild-type (WT) littermates. Spatial learning/memory was assayed using an automated radial 8-arm maze (RAM), where mice were trained to find food rewards over a 14-day period. The number of working memory errors (WME) and reference memory errors (RME) per training day were recorded. All animals were injected with DT during P30-60 and underwent the RAM assay during P90-120. SNHL animals committed more WME and RME than WT animals, demonstrating that isolated SNHL affected cognitive function. Duration of SNHL (60 versus 90 days post DT injection) had no effect on RAM performance. However, younger age of acquired SNHL (DT on P30 versus P60) was associated with fewer WME. This describes the previously undocumented effect of isolated SNHL on cognitive processes that do not directly rely on auditory sensory input.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cognition/physiology
- Deafness/metabolism
- Deafness/physiopathology
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology
- Hair Cells, Auditory/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology
- Hair Cells, Vestibular/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Vestibular/physiology
- Hearing/physiology
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/metabolism
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology
- Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor/metabolism
- Memory/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Noise
- Spatial Learning/physiology
- Transcription Factor Brn-3C/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Jason Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovations Building, R0551, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Anthony J Ricci
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovations Building, R0551, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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19
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Han J, Fan Y, Zhou K, Zhu K, Blomgren K, Lund H, Zhang XM, Harris RA. Underestimated Peripheral Effects Following Pharmacological and Conditional Genetic Microglial Depletion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228603. [PMID: 33203068 PMCID: PMC7696443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, predominant parenchymal resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS), are crucial players in neurodevelopment and CNS homeostasis. In disease conditions, pro-inflammatory microglia predominate over their regulatory counterparts, and are thus a potential immunotherapeutic target. It has been well documented that microglia can be effectively depleted using both conditional genetic Cx3cr1Cre-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)/diphtheria toxin subunit A (DTA) animal models and pharmacological colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitors. Recent advances using these approaches have expanded our knowledge of the multitude of tasks conducted by microglia in both homeostasis and diseases. Importantly, experimental microglial depletion has been proven to exert neuroprotective effects in an increasing number of disease models, mostly explained by reduced neuroinflammation. However, the comprehensive effects of additional targets such as circulating monocytes and peripheral tissue macrophages during microglial depletion periods have not been investigated widely, and for those studies addressing the issue the conclusions are mixed. In this study, we demonstrate that experimental microglial depletion using both Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/+ mice and different doses of CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 exert crucial influences on circulating monocytes and peripheral tissue macrophages. Our results suggest that effects on peripheral immunity should be considered both in interpretation of microglial depletion studies, and especially in the potential translation of microglial depletion and replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Han
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (R.A.H.); Tel.: +46-(0)700143902 (J.H.); +46-(0)700021803 (R.A.H.)
| | - Yueshan Fan
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (K.Z.); (K.B.)
| | - Keying Zhu
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (K.Z.); (K.B.)
- Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harald Lund
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xing-Mei Zhang
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; (Y.F.); (K.Z.); (H.L.); (X.-M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (R.A.H.); Tel.: +46-(0)700143902 (J.H.); +46-(0)700021803 (R.A.H.)
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20
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Kim D, Kwon S. Vibrational stress affects extracellular signal-regulated kinases activation and cytoskeleton structure in human keratinocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231174. [PMID: 32267880 PMCID: PMC7141684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As the outermost organ, the skin can be damaged following injuries such as wounds and bacterial or viral infections, and such damage should be rapidly restored to defend the body against physical, chemical, and microbial assaults. However, the wound healing process can be delayed or prolonged by health conditions, including diabetes mellitus, venous stasis disease, ischemia, and even stress. In this study, we developed a vibrational cell culture model and investigated the effects of mechanical vibrations on human keratinocytes. The HaCaT cells were exposed to vibrations at a frequency of 45 Hz with accelerations of 0.8g for 2 h per day. The applied mechanical vibration did not affect cell viability or cell proliferation. Cell migratory activity did increase following exposure to vibration, but the change was not statistically significant. The results of immunostaining (F-actin), western blot (ERK1/2), and RT-qPCR (FGF-2, PDGF-B, HB-EGF, TGF-β1, EGFR, and KGFR) analyses demonstrated that the applied vibration resulted in rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, leading to activation of ERK1/2, one of the MAPK signaling pathways, and upregulation of the gene expression levels of HB-EGF and EGFR. The results suggest that mechanical vibration may have wound healing potential and could be used as a mechanical energy-based treatment for enhancing wound healing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjoo Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- Biology and Medical Device Evaluation Team, Korea Testing & Research Institute, Gwacheon, Korea
| | - Soonjo Kwon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Maachi H, Fergusson G, Ethier M, Brill GN, Katz LS, Honig LB, Metukuri MR, Scott DK, Ghislain J, Poitout V. HB-EGF Signaling Is Required for Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation in Rats. Diabetes 2020; 69:369-380. [PMID: 31882563 PMCID: PMC7034189 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of β-cell compensation to metabolic stress are poorly understood. We previously observed that nutrient-induced β-cell proliferation in rats is dependent on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the EGFR ligand heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in the β-cell proliferative response to glucose, a β-cell mitogen and key regulator of β-cell mass in response to increased insulin demand. We show that exposure of isolated rat and human islets to HB-EGF stimulates β-cell proliferation. In rat islets, inhibition of EGFR or HB-EGF blocks the proliferative response not only to HB-EGF but also to glucose. Furthermore, knockdown of HB-EGF in rat islets blocks β-cell proliferation in response to glucose ex vivo and in vivo in transplanted glucose-infused rats. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that HB-EGF mRNA levels are increased in β-cells in response to glucose in a carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP)-dependent manner. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies identified ChREBP binding sites in proximity to the HB-EGF gene. Finally, inhibition of Src family kinases, known to be involved in HB-EGF processing, abrogated glucose-induced β-cell proliferation. Our findings identify a novel glucose/HB-EGF/EGFR axis implicated in β-cell compensation to increased metabolic demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Maachi
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Grace Fergusson
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melanie Ethier
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel N Brill
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lee B Honig
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Julien Ghislain
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Abstract
Functional studies of specific stem cell populations often require depletion of tissue-specific stem cells in an in vivo model to allow for the interrogation of their contribution to the maintenance and/or regeneration of their home tissue. Depletion methods need an exquisite specificity to uniquely eliminate the target cell type. To achieve such specificity, a commonly used approach has been murine models with expression of the Diphtheria Toxin Receptor (DTR) in the cell of interest. The major caveat of using these DTR-expressing transgenic mice is the need to generate new DTR models for every new cell population of interest. While DTR-expressing models are limited, the number of available GFP-expressing mice is large. To take advantage of this plethora of cell type-specific GFP-reporter mice, we sought to exploit the body's own killer cells as a depletion tool. Thus, we generated a mouse model whose cytotoxic T cells recognize and kill GFP-expressing cells, called the Jedi (Agudo et al., Nat Biotechnol 33:1287-1292, 2015). Jedi T cells now enable the depletion of virtually almost any cell type by using a suitable GFP-expressing transgenic mouse (Agudo et al., Nat Biotechnol 33:1287-1292, 2015; Chen et al., J Clin Invest 128(8):3413-3424, 2018). Here, we explain in detail how to achieve depletion of Lgr5+ stem cells in the intestine with a single injection of Jedi T cells (Agudo et al., Immunity 48:271-285.e5, 2018) with a methodology that can be extrapolated to any other GFP-expressing cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Sherman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith Agudo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Pandey R, Shukla P, Anjum B, Gupta HP, Pal S, Arjaria N, Gupta K, Chattopadhyay N, Sinha RA, Bandyopadhyay S. Estrogen deficiency induces memory loss via altered hippocampal HB-EGF and autophagy. J Endocrinol 2020; 244:53-70. [PMID: 31648182 DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency reduces estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) and promotes apoptosis in the hippocampus, inducing learning-memory deficits; however, underlying mechanisms remain less understood. Here, we explored the molecular mechanism in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, hypothesizing participation of autophagy and growth factor signaling that relate with apoptosis. We observed enhanced hippocampal autophagy in OVX rats, characterized by increased levels of autophagy proteins, presence of autophagosomes and inhibition of AKT-mTOR signaling. Investigating upstream effectors of reduced AKT-mTOR signaling revealed a decrease in hippocampal heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and p-EGFR. Moreover, 17β-estradiol and HB-EGF treatments restored hippocampal EGFR activation and alleviated downstream autophagy process and neuronal loss in OVX rats. In vitro studies using estrogen receptor (ERα)-silenced primary hippocampal neurons further corroborated the in vivo observations. Additionally, in vivo and in vitro studies suggested the participation of an attenuated hippocampal neuronal HB-EGF and enhanced autophagy in apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in estrogen- and ERα-deficient conditions. Subsequently, we found evidence of mitochondrial loss and mitophagy in hippocampal neurons of OVX rats and ERα-silenced cells. The ERα-silenced cells also showed a reduction in ATP production and an HB-EGF-mediated restoration. Finally in concordance with molecular studies, inhibition of autophagy and treatment with HB-EGF in OVX rats restored cognitive performances, assessed through Y-Maze and passive avoidance tasks. Overall, our study, for the first time, links neuronal HB-EGF/EGFR signaling and autophagy with ERα and memory performance, disrupted in estrogen-deficient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukmani Pandey
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pallavi Shukla
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Baby Anjum
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Himanshu Pawankumar Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Arjaria
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Keerti Gupta
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Many tissues, including the thyroid, contain resident (adult) stem cells that are responsible for regeneration and repair after injury. The mechanisms of thyroid regeneration and the role of thyroid stem cells and thyroid progenitor cells in this process are not well understood. We have now used a new mouse thyroid injury model to gain insight into this phenomenon. METHODS Tamoxifen induced TPO-Cre mice (TPOCreER2) were crossed with inducible Diphtheria Toxin Receptor homozygous mice (ROSA26iDTR) to give rise to TPOCreER2/iDTR mice, allowing for the Cre-mediated expression of the DTR and rendering TPO expressing thyroid cells highly sensitive to diphtheria toxin (DT). This model of TPOCreER2/iDTR mice allowed us to study the repair/regeneration of thyroid follicles after diphtheria toxin induced thyroid damage by measuring serum thyroid hormones and cell fate. RESULTS In TPOCreER2/iDTR double transgenic mice we observed severe thyroid damage as early as 2 weeks after initiating intraperitoneal DT injections. There was marked thyroid tissue apoptosis and a ~50% drop in serum T4 levels (from 5.86 to 2.43 ug/dl) and a corresponding increase in serum TSH (from 0.18 to 8.39 ng/dl). In addition, there was a ~50% decrease in transcription of thyroid specific genes (thyroglobulin, TSH receptor, and sodium-iodide symporter). After suspending the DT administration, the thyroid rapidly recovered over a 4-week period during which we observed a transient surge in stem cell marker expression (including Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Rex1). In addition, cells immunostaining with stem cell markers Oct4 and Ssea-1 were found in clusters around new thyroid follicles in TPOCreER2/iDTR double transgenic mice. Furthermore, the presence of clusters of thyroid progenitor cells was also identified by Pax8 staining of thyroglobulin negative cells. This recovery of the injured gland was followed by a rapid and sequential restoration of thyroid function. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that a new model of thyroid cell damage induced by DT can be used to study the mobilization of resident adult stem cells. Furthermore, the model clearly demonstrates the involvement of both stem and progenitor cells in the in vivo regeneration of the thyroid after severe destruction.
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Bhave S, Arciero E, Baker C, Ho WL, Stavely R, Goldstein AM, Hotta R. Enteric neuronal cell therapy reverses architectural changes in a novel diphtheria toxin-mediated model of colonic aganglionosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18756. [PMID: 31822721 PMCID: PMC6904570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is characterized by absence of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the distal bowel. Despite removal of the aganglionic segment, gastrointestinal (GI) problems persist. Cell therapy offers potential treatment but use of genetic models is limited by their poor survival. We have developed a novel model of aganglionosis in which enteric neural crest-derived cells (ENCDCs) express diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor. Local DT injection into the colon wall results in focal, specific, and sustained ENS ablation without altering GI transit or colonic contractility, allowing improved survival over other aganglionosis models. Focal ENS ablation leads to increased smooth muscle and mucosal thickness, and localized inflammation. Transplantation of ENCDCs into this region leads to engraftment, migration, and differentiation of enteric neurons and glial cells, with restoration of normal architecture of the colonic epithelium and muscle, reduction in inflammation, and improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhada Bhave
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Arciero
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corey Baker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wing Lam Ho
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wang F, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li K, Harris RC, Gore JC, Zhang MZ. Noninvasive quantitative magnetization transfer MRI reveals tubulointerstitial fibrosis in murine kidney. NMR Biomed 2019; 32:e4128. [PMID: 31355979 PMCID: PMC6817372 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Excessive tissue scarring, or fibrosis, is a critical contributor to end stage renal disease, but current clinical tests are not sufficient for assessing renal fibrosis. Quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) MRI provides indirect information about the macromolecular composition of tissues. We evaluated measurements of the pool size ratio (PSR, the ratio of immobilized macromolecular to free water protons) obtained by qMT as a biomarker of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a well-established murine model with progressive renal disease. MR images were acquired from 16-week-old fibrotic hHB-EGFTg/Tg mice and normal wild-type (WT) mice (N = 12) at 7 T. QMT parameters were derived using a two-pool five-parameter fitting model. A normal range of PSR values in the cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla (CR + OSOM) was determined by averaging across voxels within WT kidneys (mean ± 2SD). Regions in diseased mice whose PSR values exceeded the normal range above a threshold value (tPSR) were identified and measured. The spatial distribution of fibrosis was confirmed using picrosirius red stains. Compared with normal WT mice, scattered clusters of high PSR regions were observed in the OSOM of hHB-EGFTg/Tg mouse kidneys. Moderate increases in mean PSR (mPSR) of CR + OSOM regions were observed across fibrotic kidneys. The abnormally high PSR regions (% area) detected by the tPSR were significantly increased in hHB-EGFTg/Tg mice, and were highly correlated with regions of fibrosis detected by histological fibrosis indices measured from picrosirius red staining. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in OSOM can thus be assessed by qMT MRI using an appropriate analysis of PSR. This technique may be used as an imaging biomarker for chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - Suwan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - Yahua Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - Raymond C. Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - John C. Gore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, TN, USA
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27
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Kuo D, Ding J, Cohn IS, Zhang F, Wei K, Rao DA, Rozo C, Sokhi UK, Shanaj S, Oliver DJ, Echeverria AP, DiCarlo EF, Brenner MB, Bykerk VP, Goodman SM, Raychaudhuri S, Rätsch G, Ivashkiv LB, Donlin LT. HBEGF + macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis induce fibroblast invasiveness. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:eaau8587. [PMID: 31068444 PMCID: PMC6726376 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau8587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages tailor their function according to the signals found in tissue microenvironments, assuming a wide spectrum of phenotypes. A detailed understanding of macrophage phenotypes in human tissues is limited. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we defined distinct macrophage subsets in the joints of patients with the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which affects ~1% of the population. The subset we refer to as HBEGF+ inflammatory macrophages is enriched in RA tissues and is shaped by resident fibroblasts and the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These macrophages promoted fibroblast invasiveness in an epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent manner, indicating that intercellular cross-talk in this inflamed setting reshapes both cell types and contributes to fibroblast-mediated joint destruction. In an ex vivo synovial tissue assay, most medications used to treat RA patients targeted HBEGF+ inflammatory macrophages; however, in some cases, medication redirected them into a state that is not expected to resolve inflammation. These data highlight how advances in our understanding of chronically inflamed human tissues and the effects of medications therein can be achieved by studies on local macrophage phenotypes and intercellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kuo
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Computational Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jennifer Ding
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ian S Cohn
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cristina Rozo
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Upneet K Sokhi
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sara Shanaj
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David J Oliver
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Adriana P Echeverria
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Edward F DiCarlo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vivian P Bykerk
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Susan M Goodman
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Gunnar Rätsch
- Department of Computer Science, Universitätstrasse 6, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Computational Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lionel B Ivashkiv
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and the David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Abstract
Eicosanoids are bioactive lipids that play crucial roles in various pathophysiological conditions, including inflammation and cancer. They include both the COX-derived prostaglandins and the LOX-derived leukotrienes. Furthermore, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways family of receptor tyrosine kinases also are known to play a central role in the tumorigenesis. Various antitumor modalities have been approved cancer treatments that target therapeutically the COX-2 and EGFR pathways; these include selective COX-2 inhibitors and EGFR monoclonal antibodies. Research has shown that the COX-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways actively interact with each other in order to orchestrate carcinogenesis. This has been used to justify a targeted combinatorial approach aimed at these two pathways. Although combined therapies have been found to have a greater antitumor effect than the administration of single agent, this does not exempt them from the possible fatal cardiac effects that are associated with COX-2 inhibition. In this review, we delineate the contribution of HB-EGF, an important EGFR ligand, to the cardiac dysfunction related to decreased shedding of HB-EGF after COX-2/PGE2 inhibition. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these cardiac side effects will make possible more effective regimens that use the dual-targeting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Yang
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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29
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Zhang Y, Gao J, Sun W, Wen X, Xi Y, Wang Y, Wei C, Xu C, Li H. H 2S restores the cardioprotective effects of ischemic post-conditioning by upregulating HB-EGF/EGFR signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:1745-1758. [PMID: 30912763 PMCID: PMC6461169 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) reduces ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and apoptosis and restores the cardioprotective effects of ischemic post-conditioning (PC) in aged cardiomyocytes by inhibiting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress and increasing autophagy. However, the mechanism is unclear. In the present study, we observed a loss of PC-mediated cardioprotection of aged cardiomyocytes. NaHS (a H2S donor) exerted significant protective effects against H/R-induced cell damage, apoptosis, production of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, and release of cytochrome c. NaHS also reversed the H/R-induced reduction in cell viability and increased HB-EGF expression, cellular HB-EGF content, and EGFR phosphorylation. Additionally, NaHS increased expression of Bcl-2, c-myc, c-fos and c-jun, and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, PI3K, Akt and GSK-3β. PC alone did not provide protection to H/R-treated aged cardiomyocytes, but it was significantly restored by supplementation of NaHS. The beneficial effects of NaHS during PC were inhibited by EGFR knockdown, AG1478 (EGFR inhibitor), PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) or LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor). These results suggest that exogenous H2S restores PC-mediated cardioprotection by up-regulating HB-EGF/EGFR signaling, which activates the ERK1/2-c-myc (and fos and c-jun) and PI3K-Akt- GSK-3β pathways in the aged cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhou Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Osteology, the First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Weiming Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxin Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hongzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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30
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Kim S, Graham MJ, Lee RG, Yang L, Kim S, Subramanian V, Layne JD, Cai L, Temel RE, Shih D, Lusis AJ, Berliner JA, Lee S. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) antisense oligonucleotide protected against hyperlipidemia-associated atherosclerosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:306-315. [PMID: 30738642 PMCID: PMC6452438 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a representative EGF family member that interacts with EGFR under diverse stress environment. Previously, we reported that the HB-EGF-targeting using antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) effectively suppressed an aortic aneurysm in the vessel wall and circulatory lipid levels. In this study, we further examined the effects of the HB-EGF ASO administration on the development of hyperlipidemia-associated atherosclerosis using an atherogenic mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS The male and female LDLR deficient mice under Western diet containing 21% fat and 0.2% cholesterol content were cotreated with control and HB-EGF ASOs for 12 weeks. We observed that the HB-EGF ASO administration effectively downregulated circulatory VLDL- and LDL-associated lipid levels in circulation; concordantly, the HB-EGF targeting effectively suppressed the development of atherosclerosis in the aorta. An EGFR blocker BIBX1382 administration suppressed the hepatic TG secretion rate, suggesting a positive role of the HB-EGF signaling for the hepatic VLDL production. We newly observed that there was a significant improvement of the insulin sensitivity by the HB-EGF ASO administration in a mouse model under the Western diet as demonstrated by the improvement of the glucose and insulin tolerances. CONCLUSION The HB-EGF ASO administration effectively downregulated circulatory lipid levels by suppressing hepatic VLDL production rate, which leads to effective protection against atherosclerosis in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - M J Graham
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - R G Lee
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery Group, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - L Yang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - S Kim
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - V Subramanian
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - J D Layne
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - L Cai
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - R E Temel
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - D Shih
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A J Lusis
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - J A Berliner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - S Lee
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Mues M, Krishnamoorthy G. B ReDi mouse: A novel transgenic mouse strain to track and deplete B cells. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:500-503. [PMID: 30578685 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BReDi mice express a red fluorescent protein together with the diphtheria toxin receptor selectively in B cells. B cells can be effectively visualized by red fluorescence and can be efficiently depleted in a highly controlled fashion to study their functional capacity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsilius Mues
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gurumoorthy Krishnamoorthy
- Research group Neuroinflammation and Mucosal Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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32
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Liao WC, Liao CK, Tsai YH, Tseng TJ, Chuang LC, Lan CT, Chang HM, Liu CH. DSE promotes aggressive glioma cell phenotypes by enhancing HB-EGF/ErbB signaling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198364. [PMID: 29864158 PMCID: PMC5986151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment promotes glioma progression. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans appear in the ECM and on the cell surface, and can be catalyzed by dermatan sulfate epimerase to form chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) hybrid chains. Dermatan sulfate epimerase 1 (DSE) is overexpressed in many types of cancer, and CS/DS chains mediate several growth factor signals. However, the role of DSE in gliomas has never been explored. In the present study, we determined the expression of DSE in gliomas by consulting a public database and conducting immunohistochemistry on a tissue array. Our investigation revealed that DSE was upregulated in gliomas compared with normal brain tissue. Furthermore, high DSE expression was associated with advanced tumor grade and poor survival. We found high DSE expression in several glioblastoma cell lines, and DSE expression directly mediated DS chain formation in glioblastoma cells. Knockdown of DSE suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. In contrast, overexpression of DSE in GL261 cells enhanced these malignant phenotypes and in vivo tumor growth. Interestingly, we found that DSE selectively regulated heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF)-induced signaling in glioblastoma cells. Inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ErbB2 with afatinib suppressed DSE-enhanced malignant phenotypes, establishing the critical role of the ErbB pathway in regulating the effects of DSE expression. This evidence indicates that upregulation of DSE in gliomas contributes to malignant behavior in cancer cells. We provide novel insight into the significance of DS chains in ErbB signaling and glioma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chieh Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Huan Tsai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - To-Jung Tseng
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chuang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chyn-Tair Lan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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33
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Izzi B, Noro F, Cludts K, Freson K, Hoylaerts MF. Cell-Specific PEAR1 Methylation Studies Reveal a Locus that Coordinates Expression of Multiple Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041069. [PMID: 29614055 PMCID: PMC5979289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal interactions connect distant enhancers and promoters on the same chromosome, activating or repressing gene expression. PEAR1 encodes the Platelet-Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1, a contact receptor involved in platelet function and megakaryocyte and endothelial cell proliferation. PEAR1 expression during megakaryocyte differentiation is controlled by DNA methylation at its first CpG island. We identified a PEAR1 cell-specific methylation sensitive region in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes that showed strong chromosomal interactions with ISGL20L2, RRNAD1, MRLP24, HDGF and PRCC, using available promoter capture Hi-C datasets. These genes are involved in ribosome processing, protein synthesis, cell cycle and cell proliferation. We next studied the methylation and expression profile of these five genes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and megakaryocyte precursors. While cell-specific PEAR1 methylation corresponded to variability in expression for four out of five genes, no methylation change was observed in their promoter regions across cell types. Our data suggest that PEAR1 cell-type specific methylation changes may control long distance interactions with other genes. Further studies are needed to show whether such interaction data might be relevant for the genome-wide association data that showed a role for non-coding PEAR1 variants in the same region and platelet function, platelet count and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Izzi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Fabrizia Noro
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
| | - Katrien Cludts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kathleen Freson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Okamoto A, Asai T, Hirai Y, Shimizu K, Koide H, Minamino T, Oku N. Systemic Administration of siRNA with Anti-HB-EGF Antibody-Modified Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1495-1504. [PMID: 29502423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the intractable cancers that are not sensitive to treatment with existing molecular-targeted drugs. Recently, there has been much interest in RNA interference-mediated treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. In the present study, we have developed lipid nanoparticles encapsulating siRNA (LNP-siRNA) decorated with an Fab' antibody against heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (αHB-EGF LNP-siRNA). αHB-EGF LNP-siRNA targeting polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) was prepared and evaluated for its anticancer effect using MDA-MB-231 human triple-negative breast cancer cells overexpressing HB-EGF on their cell surface. Biodistribution data of radioisotope-labeled LNP and fluorescence-labeled siRNA indicated that αHB-EGF LNP effectively delivered siRNA to tumor tissue in MDA-MB-231 carcinoma-bearing mice. Expression of PLK1 protein in the tumors was clearly suppressed after intravenous injection of αHB-EGF LNP-siPLK1. In addition, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by treatment with this formulation of siRNA and an antibody-modified carrier. These findings indicate that αHB-EGF LNP is a promising carrier for the treatment of HB-EGF-expressing cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Okamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku , Tokyo 102-0083 , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Asai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Kosuke Shimizu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku , Hamamatsu City , Shizuoka 431-3192 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koide
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , Kagawa University , 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-cho , Kita-gun , Kagawa 761-0793 Japan
| | - Naoto Oku
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku , Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
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35
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Jing W, Zhang L, Qin F, Li X, Guo X, Li Y, Qiu C, Zhao Y. Targeting macrophages for cancer therapy disrupts bone homeostasis and impairs bone marrow erythropoiesis in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma tumors. Cell Immunol 2017; 331:168-177. [PMID: 30103869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are represented in all tissues by phenotypically distinct resident populations that show great functional diversity. Macrophages generally play a protumoral role, and they are attractive targets for cancer therapy. In this study, we found that CD169+ macrophages depletion inhibited the growth of established Lewis lung carcinoma tumors in mice. Benefits must be weighed against potential adverse effects in cancer therapy. Here, we investigated the adverse effects of CD169+ macrophages depletion on bone and bone marrow in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma tumors. Our studies showed that depletion of CD169+ macrophages in LLC tumor-bearing mice disrupted bone homeostasis, including bone weight loss and bone mineral density decrease. Further studies revealed that bone marrow erythropoiesis was severely impaired after depletion of CD169+ macrophages in LLC tumor-bearing mice. Our findings suggest that depletion of macrophages for cancer therapy may be associated with potential adverse effects that need to be recognized, prevented, and optimally managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - XiuXiu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chunhong Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Liu J, Gao F, Liu YF, Dou HT, Yan JQ, Fan ZM, Yang ZM. HB-EGF regulates Prss56 expression during mouse decidualization via EGFR/ERK/EGR2 signaling pathway. J Endocrinol 2017; 234:247-254. [PMID: 28611210 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Embryo implantation and decidualization are key steps for successful reproduction. Although numerous factors have been identified to be involved in embryo implantation and decidualization, the mechanisms underlying these processes are still unclear. Based on our preliminary data, Prss56, a trypsin-like serine protease, is strongly expressed at implantation site in mouse uterus. However, the expression, regulation and function of Prss56 during early pregnancy are still unknown. In mouse uterus, Prss56 is strongly expressed in the subluminal stromal cells at implantation site on day 5 of pregnancy compared to inter-implantation site. Under delayed implantation, Prss56 expression is undetected. After delayed implantation is activated by estrogen, Prss56 is obviously induced at implantation site. Under artificial decidualization, Prss56 signal is seen at the primary decidual zone at the initial stage of artificial decidualization. When stromal cells are induced for in vitro decidualization, Prss56 expression is significantly elevated. Dtprp expression under in vitro decidualization is suppressed by Prss56 siRNA. In cultured stromal cells, HB-EGF markedly stimulates Prss56 expression through EGFR/ERK pathway. Based on promoter analysis, we also showed that Egr2 is involved in Prss56 regulation by HB-EGF. Collectively, Prss56 expression at implantation site is modulated by HB-EGF/EGFR/ERK signaling pathway and involved in mouse decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of BiologyShantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of BiologyShantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yue-Fang Liu
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Ting Dou
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Yan
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zong-Min Fan
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Ming Yang
- College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Ren XN, Ren RR, Yang H, Qin BY, Peng XH, Chen LX, Li S, Yuan MJ, Wang C, Zhou XH. Human liver chimeric mouse model based on diphtheria toxin-induced liver injury. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:4935-4941. [PMID: 28785147 PMCID: PMC5526763 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i27.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To establish an inducible liver injury mouse model and transplant human hepatocytes to obtain liver-humanized mice.
METHODS We crossed three mouse strains, including albumin (Alb)-cre transgenic mice, inducible diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) transgenic mice and severe combined immune deficient (SCID)-beige mice, to create Alb-cre/DTR/SCID-beige (ADSB) mice, which coincidentally harbor Alb-cre and DTR transgenes and are immunodeficient. As the Cre expression is driven by the liver-specific promoter Alb (encoding ALB), the DTR stop signal flanked by two loxP sites can be deleted in the ADSB mice, resulting in DTR expression in the liver. ADSB mice aged 8-10 wk were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with diphtheria toxin (DT) and liver damage was assessed by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. Two days later, mouse livers were sampled for histological analysis, and human hepatocytes were transplanted into the livers on the same day. A human ALB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after transplantation. Human CD68 immunohistochemistry was performed 30 and 90 d after transplantation.
RESULTS We crossed Alb-cre with DTR and SCID-beige mice to obtain ADSB mice. These mice were found to have liver damage 4 d after i.p. injection of 2.5 ng/g bodyweight DT. Bodyweight began to decrease on day 2, increased on day 7, and was lowest on day 4 (range, 10.5%-13.4%). Serum ALT activity began to increase on day 2 and reached a peak value of 289.7 ± 16.2 IU/mL on day 4, then returned to background values on day 7. After transplantation of human liver cells, peripheral blood human ALB level was 1580 ± 454.8 ng/mL (range, 750.2-3064.9 ng/mL) after 28 d and Kupffer cells were present in the liver at 30 d in ADSB mice.
CONCLUSION Human hepatocytes were successfully repopulated in the livers of ADSB mice. The inducible mouse model of humanized liver in ADSB mice may have functional applications, such as hepatocyte transplantation, hepatic regeneration and drug metabolism.
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MESH Headings
- Alanine Transaminase/blood
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Diphtheria Toxin/toxicity
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor/genetics
- Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/physiology
- Hepatocytes/transplantation
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Integrases/genetics
- Liver/cytology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Failure, Acute/blood
- Liver Failure, Acute/etiology
- Liver Failure, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Mice, Transgenic
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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Schiefenhövel F, Immig K, Prodinger C, Bechmann I. Indications for cellular migration from the central nervous system to its draining lymph nodes in CD11c-GFP + bone-marrow chimeras following EAE. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:2151-2166. [PMID: 28421248 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-4956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The concept as to how the brain maintains its immune privilege has initially been based on observations that it is lacking classical lymph vessels and later, the absence of dendritic cells (DC). This view has been challenged by several groups demonstrating drainage/migration of injected tracers and cells into cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) and the presence of brain antigens in CLNs in the course of various brain pathologies. Using CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic (tg) mice, we have shown the existence of CD11c+ cells, a main DC marker, within the brain parenchyma. Since injecting tracers or cells may cause barrier artefacts, we have now transplanted wild type (wt)-bone marrow (BM) to lethally irradiated CD11c-DTR-GFP tg mice to restrict the CD11c-DTR-GFP+ population to the brain and induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We observed ramified GFP+ cells in the olfactory bulb, the cribriform plate, the nasal mucosa and superficial CLNs. We measured a significant increase of host gfp genomic DNA (gDNA) levels in lymph nodes (LNs) previously described as draining stations for the central nervous system (CNS). Using flow cytometry analysis, we observed an increase of the percentage of CD11c-GFP+ cells in brain parenchyma in the course of EAE which is most likely due to an up-regulation of CD11c of resident microglial cells since levels of gfp gDNA did not increase. Our data supports the hypothesis that brain-resident antigen presenting cells (APC) are capable of migrating to CNS-draining LNs to present myelin-associated epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fridtjof Schiefenhövel
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Oststraße 25, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Immig
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Oststraße 25, 04317, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carolin Prodinger
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Oststraße 25, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Oststraße 25, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
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Kraft P, Scholtyschik K, Schuhmann MK, Kleinschnitz C. Depletion of CD11c+ Cells Does Not Influence Outcomes in Mice Subjected to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Neuroimmunomodulation 2017; 24:123-131. [PMID: 29084396 DOI: 10.1159/000481311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While it has been shown that different T-cell subsets have a detrimental role in the acute phase of ischemic stroke, data on the impact of dendritic cells (DC) are missing. Classic DC can be characterized by the cluster of differentiation (CD)11c surface antigen. METHODS In this study, we depleted CD11c+ cells by using a CD11c-diphtheria toxin (DTX) receptor mouse strain that allows selective depletion of CD11c+ cells by DTX injection. For stroke induction, we used the model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and analyzed stroke volume and functional outcome on days 1 and 3 as well as expression of prototypical pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines on day 1 after tMCAO. Three different protocols for CD11c+ cell depletion, tMCAO duration, and readout time point were applied. RESULTS Injection of DTX (5 or 100 ng/g) reliably depleted CD11c+ cells without influencing the fractions of other immune cell subsets. CD11c+ cell depletion had no impact on stroke volume, but mice with a longer DTX pretreatment performed worse than those with vehicle treatment. CD11c+ cell depletion led to a decrease in cortical interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 messenger ribonucleic acid levels. CONCLUSIONS We show, for the first time, that CD11c+ cell depletion does not influence stroke volume in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, given the unspecificity of the CD11c surface antigen for DC, mouse models that allow a more selective depletion of DC are needed to investigate the role of DC in stroke pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kraft
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Al-Jazzar A, Javaheri B, Prideaux M, Boyde A, Scudamore CL, Cherifi C, Hay E, Hopkinson M, Boyd M, Cohen-Solal M, Farquharson C, Pitsillides AA. Dmp1 Promoter-Driven Diphtheria Toxin Receptor Transgene Expression Directs Unforeseen Effects in Multiple Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 18:E29. [PMID: 28035954 PMCID: PMC5297664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice harbouring a dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) promoter-driven human diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor (HDTR) transgene (Tg) have recently been used to attain targeted ablation of osteocytes by diphtheria toxin (DT) treatment in order to define osteocyte function. Use of these Tg mice has asserted mechano- and novel paracrine regulatory osteocyte functions. To explore osteocyte roles fully, we sought to confirm the selectivity of DT effects in these transgenic mice. However, our findings revealed incomplete DT-induced osteocyte ablation, prevalent HDTR misexpression, as well as more prominent histopathological DT-induced changes in multiple organs in Tg than in wild-type (WT) littermate mice. Mechanistic evidence for DT action, via prominent regulation of phosphorylation status of elongation factor-2 (EF-2), was also found in many non-skeletal tissues in Tg mice; indicative of direct "off-target" DT action. Finally, very rapid deterioration in health and welfare status in response to DT treatment was observed in these Tg when compared to WT control mice. Together, these data lead us to conclude that alternative models for osteocyte ablation should be sought and caution be exercised when drawing conclusions from experiments using these Tg mice alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Jazzar
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
| | - Behzad Javaheri
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
| | - Matt Prideaux
- Orthopaedics & Trauma, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Alan Boyde
- Dental Physical Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Campus, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Cheryl L Scudamore
- Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell, Science & Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK.
| | - Chahrazad Cherifi
- Inserm U1132 & Université Sorbonne Paris Cité-Diderot, Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Eric Hay
- Inserm U1132 & Université Sorbonne Paris Cité-Diderot, Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Mark Hopkinson
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
| | - Michael Boyd
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
| | - Martine Cohen-Solal
- Inserm U1132 & Université Sorbonne Paris Cité-Diderot, Rheumatology, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris 75010, France.
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Division of Developmental Biology, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Andrew A Pitsillides
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
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Stawowczyk M, Wellenstein MD, Lee SB, Yomtoubian S, Durrans A, Choi H, Narula N, Altorki NK, Gao D, Mittal V. Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 promotes lung cancer by cleavage of Heparin-Binding EGF-like Growth Factor. Neoplasia 2016; 19:55-64. [PMID: 28013056 PMCID: PMC5198728 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly targeted therapies benefit approximately 15–20% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients carrying specific drug-sensitive mutations. Thus, there is a clinically unmet need for the identification of novel targets for drug development. Here, we performed RNA-deep sequencing to identify altered gene expression between malignant and non-malignant lung tissue. Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14), a membrane-bound proteinase, was significantly up-regulated in the tumor epithelial cells and intratumoral myeloid compartments in both mouse and human NSCLC. Overexpression of a soluble dominant negative MMP14 (DN-MMP14) or pharmacological inhibition of MMP14 blocked invasion of lung cancer cells through a collagen I matrix in vitro and reduced tumor incidence in an orthotopic K-RasG12D/+p53−/− mouse model of lung cancer. Additionally, MMP14 activity mediated proteolytic processing and activation of Heparin-Binding EGF-like Growth Factor (HB-EGF), stimulating the EGFR signaling pathway to increase proliferation and tumor growth. This study highlights the potential for development of therapeutic strategies that target MMP14 in NSCLC with particular focus on MMP14-HB-EGF axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stawowczyk
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Max D Wellenstein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sharrell B Lee
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Shira Yomtoubian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Anna Durrans
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Hyejin Choi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Navneet Narula
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Nasser K Altorki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA
| | - Dingcheng Gao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA.
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA; Neuberger Berman Lung Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, 525 East 68th Street, NY, New York 10065, USA.
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Jain CV, Jessmon P, Kilburn BA, Jodar M, Sendler E, Krawetz SA, Armant DR. Regulation of HBEGF by Micro-RNA for Survival of Developing Human Trophoblast Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163913. [PMID: 27701455 PMCID: PMC5049799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The growth factor HBEGF is upregulated post-transcriptionally in the low O2 environment of the human placenta during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. We have examined the possible roles of HBEGF turnover and micro-RNA (miRNA) in its regulation by O2 in human first trimester trophoblast. Methods HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were cultured at 2% or 20% O2. The cells were transfected with a dual luciferase reporter construct (psiCHECK-2) containing no insert (control), the HBEGF 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR), or sub-regions of the 3’UTR, as well as with siRNA for DGCR8. RNA was extracted from trophoblast cells cultured at 2% O2 for 0–4 h for next-generation sequencing. HBEGF was quantified by ELISA. HBEGF, DGCR8, and β–actin were examined by western blotting. Results Protein turnover studies, using 10 μg/ml cyclohexamide, 1 μg/ml lactocystin, or 100 μg/ml MG132, demonstrated faster HBEGF degradation at 20% O2 than 2% O2, mediated by the proteasome. However, proteasome inhibition failed to initiate HBEGF accumulation at 20% O2. Reporter assays, comparing to empty vector, demonstrated that the intact HBEGF 3’ UTR inhibited expression (0.26), while fragments containing only its flanking regions increased reporter activity (3.15; 3.43). No differential expression of miRNAs was found in trophoblast cells cultured at 2% and 20% O2. Nevertheless, HBEGF upregulation at 2% O2 was blocked when the miRNA-processing protein DGCR8 was silenced, suggesting a role for miRNA. Conclusion Our findings suggest involvement of flanking regions of the 3’UTR in activating HBEGF protein synthesis in response to 2% O2, possibly through a miRNA-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni V. Jain
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Philip Jessmon
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brian A. Kilburn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edward Sendler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stephen A. Krawetz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - D. Randall Armant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee CM, He CH, Nour AM, Zhou Y, Ma B, Park JW, Kim KH, Cruz CD, Sharma L, Nasr ML, Modis Y, Lee CG, Elias JA. IL-13Rα2 uses TMEM219 in chitinase 3-like-1-induced signalling and effector responses. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12752. [PMID: 27629921 PMCID: PMC5027616 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that chitinase 3-like-1 (Chi3l1) binds to and signals via IL-13Rα2. However, the mechanism that IL-13Rα2 uses to mediate the effects of Chi3l1 has not been defined. Here, we demonstrate that the membrane protein, TMEM219, is a binding partner of IL-13Rα2 using yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Furthermore, fluorescence anisotropy nanodisc assays revealed a direct physical interaction between TMEM219 and IL-13Rα2-Chi3l1 complexes. Null mutations or siRNA silencing of TMEM219 or IL-13Rα2 similarly decreased Chi3l1-stimulated epithelial cell HB-EGF production and macrophage MAPK/Erk and PKB/Akt activation. Null mutations of TMEM219 or IL-13Rα2 also phenocopied one another as regards the ability of Chi3l1 to inhibit oxidant-induced apoptosis and lung injury, promote melanoma metastasis and stimulate TGF-β1. TMEM219 also contributed to the decoy function of IL-13Rα2. These studies demonstrate that TMEM219 plays a critical role in Chi3l1-induced IL-13Rα2 mediated signalling and tissue responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Min Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Chuan Hua He
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Adel M. Nour
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Jin Wook Park
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Kyung Hee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Charles Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mahmoud L. Nasr
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yorgo Modis
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box G-L, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
- Division of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Box G-A1, 97 Waterman Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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Faria JAQA, de Andrade C, Goes AM, Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA. Effects of different ligands on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) nuclear translocation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:39-45. [PMID: 27462018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is activated through binding to specific ligands and generates signals for proliferation, differentiation, migration, and cell survival. Recent data show the role of nuclear EGFR in tumors. Although many EGFR ligands are upregulated in cancers, little is known about their effects on EGFR nuclear translocation. We have compared the effects of six EGFR ligands (EGF, HB-EGF, TGF-α, β-Cellulin, amphiregulin, and epiregulin) on nuclear translocation of EGFR, receptor phosphorylation, migration, and proliferation. Cell fractionation and confocal immunofluorescence detected EGFR in the nucleus after EGF, HB-EGF, TGF-α and β-Cellulin stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, amphiregulin and epiregulin did not generate nuclear translocation of EGFR. EGF, HB-EGF, TGF-α and β-Cellulin showed correlations between a higher rate of wound closure and increased phosphorylation of residues in the carboxy-terminus of EGFR, compared to amphiregulin and epiregulin. The data indicate that EGFR is translocated to the nucleus after stimulation with EGF, HB-EGF, TGF-α and β-Cellulin, and that these ligands are related to increased phosphorylation of EGFR tyrosine residues, inducing migration of SkHep-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerusa A Q A Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Andrade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Alfredo M Goes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Michele A Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil; Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Dawidson A Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Thornton KJ, Kamange-Sollo E, White ME, Dayton WR. Role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (hbEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erbB2, and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in trenbolone acetate-stimulated bovine satellite cell proliferation. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:4291-301. [PMID: 26440329 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Implanting cattle with steroids significantly enhances feed efficiency, rate of gain, and muscle growth. However, the mechanisms responsible for these improvements in muscle growth have not been fully elucidated. Trenbolone acetate (TBA), a testosterone analog, has been shown to increase proliferation rate in bovine satellite cell (BSC) cultures. The classical genomic actions of testosterone have been well characterized; however, our results indicate that TBA may also initiate a quicker, nongenomic response that involves activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) resulting in activation of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP9) that release membrane-bound heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (hbEGF), which then binds to and activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or erbB2. Furthermore, the EGFR has been shown to regulate expression of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), which is well known for its role in modulating muscle growth. To determine whether this nongenomic pathway is potentially involved in TBA-stimulated BSC proliferation, we analyzed the effects of treating BSC with guanosine 5'-O-2-thiodiphosphate (GDPβS), an inhibitor of all GPCR; a MMP2 and MMP9 inhibitor (MMPI); CRM19, a specific inhibitor of hbEGF; AG1478, a specific EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor; AG879, a specific erbB2 kinase inhibitor; and AG1024, an IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor on TBA-stimulated proliferation rate (H-thymidine incorporation). Assays were replicated at least 9 times for each inhibitor experiment using BSC cultures obtained from at least 3 different animals. Bovine satellite cell cultures were obtained from yearling steers that had no previous exposure to androgenic or estrogenic compounds. As expected, BSC cultures treated with 10 n TBA showed ( < 0.05) increased proliferation rate when compared with control cultures. Additionally, treatment with 5 ng hbEGF/mL stimulated proliferation in BSC cultures ( < 0.05). Treatment with GDPβS, MMPI, CRM197, AG1024, AG1478, and/or AG879 all suppressed ( < 0.05) TBA-induced increases in proliferation. These data indicate that TBA likely initiates a nongenomic response involving GPCR, MMP2 and MMP9, hbEGF, EGFR, erbB2, and IGF-1R, which may play a role in TBA-mediated increases in BSC proliferation.
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Ozbilgin MK, Aktas C, Uluer ET, Buyukuysal MC, Gareveran MS, Kurtman C. Influence of Radiation Exposure During Radiotherapy. Evidence for the Increase of Versican and Heparin-Binding EGF-like Growth Factor Concentrations. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol 2016; 38:126-132. [PMID: 27386634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the reaction of versican and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) molecule concentrations to acute radiation exposure in normal bladder and rectal tissue samples in order to gain more insight into the effects of cancer radiotherapy. STUDY DESIGN Four groups with 6 male adult Swiss Albino mice per group were investigated. The mice bladder and rectum tissue samples were subjected to a 10-Gy single-dose radiation exposure in the pelvic region with a Co-60 teletherapy device and investigated 1, 2, and 7 days after radiation exposure, with 1 reference group which was not exposed to radiation. RESULTS In the immunohistochemical examination of the tissue samples with anti-versican and anti-HB-EGF primary antibodies was observed a statistically significant increase 7 days after radiation exposure. CONCLUSION The observed increase of versican and HB-EGF concentrations in the normal tissue matrix after radiation exposure may play a role in the side effects of radiotherapy.
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Abstract
The study of the intestinal dendritic cell (DC) compartment, its homeostasis, regulation, and response to challenges calls for the investigation within the physiological tissue context comprising the unique anatomic constellation of the epithelial single cell layer and the luminal microbiota, as well as neighboring immune and nonimmune cells. Here we provide protocols we developed that use a combination of conditional cell ablation, conditional compartment mutagenesis, and adoptive precursor transfers to study DC and other intestinal mononuclear phagocytes in in vivo context. We will highlight pitfalls and strengths of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Curato
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Biana Bernshtein
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Tegest Aychek
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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Petrenko V, Mihhailova J, Salmon P, Kiss JZ. Apoptotic neurons induce proliferative responses of progenitor cells in the postnatal neocortex. Exp Neurol 2015; 273:126-37. [PMID: 26291762 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death is the leading cause of neuronal loss after neonatal brain injury. Little is known about the intrinsic capacity of the immature cerebral cortex for replacing dead cells. Here we test the hypothesis that neuronal apoptosis is able to trigger compensatory proliferation in surrounding cells. In order to establish a "pure" apoptotic cell death model and to avoid the confounding effects of broken blood-brain barrier and inflammatory reactions, we used a diphtheria toxin (DT) and diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) system to induce ablation of layer IV neurons in the rodent somatosensory cortex during the early postnatal period. We found that DT-triggered apoptosis is a slowly progressing event lasting about for 7 days. While dying cells expressed the morphological features of apoptosis, we could not detect immunoreactivity for activated caspase-3 in these cells. Microglia activation and proliferation represented the earliest cellular responses to apoptotic cell death. In addition, we found that induced apoptosis triggered a massive proliferation of undifferentiated progenitor cell pool including Sox2 as well as NG2 cells. The default differentiation pattern of proliferating progenitors appears to be the glial phenotype; we could not find evidence for newly generated neurons in response to apoptotic neuronal death. These results suggest that mitotically active progenitor populations are intrinsically capable to contribute to the repair process of injured cortical tissue and may represent a potential target for neuronal replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Petrenko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jevgenia Mihhailova
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Salmon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jozsef Z Kiss
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Luo S, Liu X, Zheng Y, Xu W, Ni H, Li Y, Liu Q. Interleukin-22 upregulates HB-EGF expression in HaCaT cells via JAK2/STAT3 and ERK1/2 signalling. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:713-4. [PMID: 25939532 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suju Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Nam SO, Yotsumoto F, Miyata K, Souzaki R, Taguchi T, Kuroki M, Miyamoto S. Validity of HB-EGF as Target for Human Neuroblastoma Therapy. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:4433-4440. [PMID: 26168483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common and lethal extracranial solid tumor in children. The present study aimed to verify that the heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a rational target in NB therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined expression of EGFR ligands in four NB cell lines using 2-dimensional culture (DC) and 3DC conditions. To assess the anti-tumor effect of cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197), which is a specific inhibitor of HB-EGF, on NB cells, we also performed terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay to detect apoptotic cells. RESULTS HB-EGF was predominantly expressed in two out of four NB cell lines under 2DC and 3DC conditions. CRM197 significantly induced apoptosis of NB cells with high HB-EGF expression. CONCLUSION HB-EGF plays an important role in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis and CRM197 showed an effective antitumor effect in neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ouk Nam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fusanori Yotsumoto
- Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Souzaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahide Kuroki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan Central Research Institute for Advanced Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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