1
|
Booker R, Beech BM, Bruce MA, Thorpe RJ, Norris KC, Heitman E, Newton RL, Holmes ME. The Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Different Measurements of Metabolic Syndrome: The Jackson Heart Study. Am J Lifestyle Med 2025; 19:561-571. [PMID: 40248663 PMCID: PMC12000835 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221118044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cross-sectional investigation of the association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the African American participants in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Methods: Prevalence, number of individual components, and MetS severity z-score (MetS-Z) were examined. MetS was classified using ATP-III thresholds. MetS-Z was calculated using sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific formulas. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were calculated from the JHS Physical Activity Cohort survey (JPAC). Associations between sedentary behavior and physical activity with MetS were assessed by logistic, negative binomial, and ordinary least squares regressions. Results: The mean participant age (N = 3370) was 61.7 ± 11.9 years and most were female (63.9%). Among all participants, 60.5% were classified with MetS. Overall MetS-Z was moderately high (.31 ± 1.07). Most waking hours were sedentary, with just under 40 daily minutes of self-reported physical activity. Physical activity was associated with lower prevalence of MetS, the number of individual components, and MetS-Z score (p < .05). Sedentary behavior was not associated with MetS in any fully adjusted models (p > .05). Conclusions: Physical activity was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk, irrespective of sedentary behavior. Further studies are needed to better understand why no relation was found between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk in this cohort of African American adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Booker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Bettina M. Beech
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Marino A. Bruce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Roland J. Thorpe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Keith C. Norris
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Elizabeth Heitman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Robert L. Newton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| | - Megan E. Holmes
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA (RB); University of Houston Population Health, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA (BMB); Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (BMB, MAB); Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA (BMB, MAB, RJT, KCN); Program for Research on Faith, Justice, and Health, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (MAB, RJT, KCN, EH); Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (KCN); Program in Ethics in Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA (EH); Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA (RLN); Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA (MEH)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kany S, Al-Alusi MA, Rämö JT, Pirruccello JP, Ajufo E, Churchill TW, Lubitz SA, Maddah M, Guseh JS, Ellinor PT, Khurshid S. "Weekend Warrior" Physical Activity and Adipose Tissue Deposition. JACC. ADVANCES 2025; 4:101603. [PMID: 39954344 PMCID: PMC11872521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attaining guideline-recommended levels of physical activity is associated with substantially lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. OBJECTIVES Although physical activity commonly follows a weekend warrior pattern, in which most moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is concentrated in 1 to 2 days rather than spread more evenly across the week (regular), the effects of activity pattern on imaging-based biomarkers of cardiometabolic health are unknown. METHODS We analyzed 17,146 UK Biobank participants who wore accelerometers for 1 week, and later underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Activity was categorized as inactive, regular, or "weekend warrior". Associations between activity pattern and magnetic resonance imaging-derived visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue (EPAT) were assessed using multiple linear regression adjusted for confounding factors. RESULTS Compared to inactive, VAT was progressively lower with weekend warrior (-0.71 L, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.64, P < 0.001) followed by regular activity (-0.96 L, 95% CI -1.04 to -0.88, P < 0.001). Observations were similar for EPAT (weekend warrior activity -2.84 cm2, 95% CI -3.20 to -2.49, P < 0.001; regular activity -3.62 cm2, 95% CI -4.03 to -3.20, P < 0.001). When compared directly, weekend warriors had modestly higher adipose tissue than regular activity (VAT difference 0.25 L, 95% CI 0.17-0.32, P < 0.001; EPAT 0.78 cm2, 95% CI 0.40-1.15, P < 0.001). No differences were observed after adjustment for total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity minutes (VAT 0.07 L, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.14, P = 0.09; EPAT 0.04 cm2, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.43, P = 0.84). CONCLUSIONS Guideline-adherent physical activity is associated with favorable quantitative measures of cardiometabolic health, with no differences based on activity pattern for a given activity volume.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinwan Kany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mostafa A Al-Alusi
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel T Rämö
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James P Pirruccello
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Institute for Human Genetics, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ezimamaka Ajufo
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy W Churchill
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mahnaz Maddah
- Data Sciences Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Sawalla Guseh
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shaan Khurshid
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li K, Wang J, Rao Y, Zheng F, Chen Y, Zhai B, Hong J, Wang D, Wang C, Liu B. Associations of sedentary time, sleep duration and physical exercise with multimorbidity among older adults in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study based on national physical fitness surveillance data. BMC Geriatr 2025; 25:61. [PMID: 39871168 PMCID: PMC11771046 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-025-05701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 01/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity has emerged as a significant challenge for healthcare systems globally. This study aims to examine the associations between key determinants of lifestyle behavior and various multimorbidity patterns. METHODS In a cross-sectional sample of older adults (aged 60-79) from the Fifth National Physical Fitness Surveillance in Shanghai, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify multimorbidity patterns among 9 chronic diseases. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze the associations between sedentary time, sleep duration, physical exercise, and the different multimorbidity patterns. Weighted analysis was performed to appropriately account for complex sampling designs and provide more robust results. RESULTS Among 13,465 study participants (unweighted mean age 69.3 years; weighted mean age 67.4 years, 50.7% female), the overall prevalence of multimorbidity was 40.9%-42.3%. Four latent classes among the older adults were identified, with the relatively healthy class (63.6%-64.6%) had an average of less than 1 chronic disease. The other 3 classes, namely the metabolic-cardiovascular-joint-digestive-respiratory disease class (2.9%-3.0%), the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class (14.5%-15.5%), and the joint-digestive-respiratory disease class (17.9%-18.0%), each had an average of more than 2 chronic diseases, representing different multimorbidity patterns. Prolonged sedentary time (> 3 h/day) increased the odds of belonging to the metabolic-cardiovascular-joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 56%-57% (unweighted odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-1.94; weighted OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.36-1.80), the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class by 38% (unweighted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.25-1.53; weighted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.29-1.48), and the joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 30%-32% (unweighted OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.45; weighted OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.22-1.38). Shorter sleep duration (< 7 h/day) also increased the odds of membership in the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class by 48%-49% (unweighted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.35-1.65; weighted OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.38-1.58), the metabolic-cardiovascular-joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 37%-47% (unweighted OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.19-1.80; weighted OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.19-1.58), and the joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 41%-42% (unweighted OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.29-1.56; weighted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.32-1.50). Each additional daily hour of low-intensity physical exercise (LIPE) reduced the odds of membership in the metabolic-cardiovascular-joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 24%-25% (unweighted OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.90; weighted OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.66-0.84), the joint-digestive-respiratory disease class by 20%-21% (unweighted OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.86; weighted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.76-0.85), and the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class by 11%-12% (unweighted OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.95; weighted OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.94). Compared to LIPE, high-intensity physical exercise (HIPE) showed a significant advantage only in reducing the odds of the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class by 18%-23% (unweighted OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.97; weighted OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Over 40% of older adults in Shanghai, China, suffer from multimorbidity. Prolonged sedentary behavior and shorter sleep duration were associated with membership in the metabolic-cardiovascular-joint-digestive-respiratory disease class, the metabolic-cardiovascular disease class, and the joint-digestive-respiratory disease class. Physical exercise showed varying degrees of protection against these 3 multimorbidity patterns, with special attention warranted for LIPE. Identifying the relationship between determinants of lifestyle behavior and patterns of multimorbidity can help develop more targeted prevention and management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), National Health Commission, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuqin Rao
- Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), National Health Commission, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fanhui Zheng
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Bo Zhai
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jintao Hong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dao Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (SHRISS), No. 87, Wuxing Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Bao Liu
- Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), National Health Commission, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Q, Li L, Li C, Wang H. The association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and health-related quality of life in Chinese adolescents: the mediating roles of emotional intelligence and perceived stress. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1477018. [PMID: 39687563 PMCID: PMC11646723 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1477018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chinese adolescents are facing tremendous academic pressure and challenges brought about by changes in the social environment, which pose a serious threat to their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This cross-sectional survey uses convenience and snowball sampling to explore the relationship between adolescents' HRQOL and their participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Methods This study subjects include 440 adolescents aged 12 to 18, from four youth training centers and three schools in the central regions of Hunan, Hubei, and Henan provinces, chosen as representative samples for this study. We used AMOS v.26 to construct a structural equation model for data analysis and hypothesis testing. Results The results indicated that active participation in MVPA helps reduce adolescents' perceived stress and enhances their emotional intelligence and HRQOL levels. Specifically, MVPA weakens adolescents' perceived stress through the mediating role of emotional intelligence (coefficient = -0.148, p < 0.001), and perceived stress also mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and HRQOL (coefficient = 0.165, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the positive impact of MVPA on HRQOL is mediated by emotional intelligence and perceived stress (coefficient = 0.363, p < 0.001). The explanatory power of this study is R 2 = 0.50. Conclusion The study results indicate that MVPA has a positive impact on the HRQOL levels of Chinese adolescents. Physical activity, especially moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise, should be considered a strategic approach to maintaining HRQOL among adolescents. Society, schools, and families should create an environment conducive to physical exercise to support adolescents in engaging in physical activities and developing a healthy lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Li
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Chuchu Li
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ladlow P, Barker-Davies R, Hill O, Conway D, O'Sullivan O. Use of symptom-guided physical activity and exercise rehabilitation for COVID-19 and other postviral conditions. BMJ Mil Health 2024; 170:510-515. [PMID: 37137489 DOI: 10.1136/military-2023-002399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
There are many similarities in symptoms between postviral conditions, including clinical features such as fatigue, reduced daily activity and postexertional symptom exacerbation. Unfavourable responses to exercise have influenced the wider debate on how to reintegrate physical activity (PA) and exercise while simultaneously managing symptoms during recovery from post-COVID-19 syndrome (or Long COVID). This has resulted in inconsistent advice from the scientific and clinical rehabilitation community on how and when to resume PA and exercise following COVID-19 illness. This article provides commentary on the following topics: (1) controversies surrounding graded exercise therapy as a treatment modality for post-COVID-19 rehabilitation; (2) evidence supporting PA promotion, resistance exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness for population health, and the consequences of physical inactivity in patients with complex rehabilitation needs; (3) population-based challenges for UK Defence Rehabilitation practitioners for the management of postviral conditions; and (4) 'symptom guided PA and exercise rehabilitation' as an appropriate treatment option for managing individuals with multifaceted medical needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ladlow
- Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Loughborough, UK
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - R Barker-Davies
- Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Loughborough, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - O Hill
- Specialist Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Loughborough, UK
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D Conway
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Pulmonary and COVID-19 Rehabilitation, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - O O'Sullivan
- Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Loughborough, UK
- Academic Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fridolfsson J, Ekblom-Bak E, Ekblom Ö, Bergström G, Arvidsson D, Börjesson M. Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50-64 years old. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:1244-1250. [PMID: 38997147 PMCID: PMC11671887 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the physical activity (PA) intensity associated with cardiometabolic health when considering the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). METHODS A subsample of males and females aged 50-64 years from the cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study was investigated. PA was measured by accelerometry and CRF by a submaximal cycle test. Cardiometabolic risk factors, including waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides and glycated haemoglobin, were combined to a composite score. A mediation model by partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the role of CRF in the association between PA and the composite score. RESULTS The cohort included 4185 persons (51.9% female) with a mean age of 57.2 years. CRF mediated 82% of the association between PA and the composite score. The analysis of PA patterns revealed that moderate intensity PA explained most of the variation in the composite score, while vigorous intensity PA explained most of the variation in CRF. When including both PA and CRF as predictors of the composite score, the importance of vigorous intensity increased. CONCLUSION The highly interconnected role of CRF in the association between PA and cardiometabolic health suggests limited direct effects of PA on cardiometabolic health beyond its impact on CRF. The findings highlight the importance of sufficient PA intensity for the association with CRF, which in turn is linked to better cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Fridolfsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin Ekblom-Bak
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Västra Götalandsregionen, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Arvidsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tarnas M, Marszałek A, Kufel-Grabowska J, Marszałek S, Wieliński D, Zieliński J. Effects of Pilates Training on Cardiorespiratory Functions in Medical Conditions - Comprehensive Approach: A Narrative Review. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1771-1783. [PMID: 38029402 PMCID: PMC11272188 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is established as a clinical vital sign in therapeutic strategy to restoring health of patients in medical conditions inclusive of age-related diseases. The beneficial effects of Pilates training (PT) are recognized for various aspects of health and fitness, but limited data present an impact on cardiorespiratory fitness. Thus, the current narrative review discusses the impact of the PT interventions on indicators of cardiorespiratory function among different patient groups to identify the mechanisms linking CRF with PT. The authors searched systematically databases: PubMed, Web of Science from inception to March 2023 and analyzed available data including finally 20 papers. In description of the findings PEDro Scale and final score was used. Analyzed data indicated: a) pleiotropic input of PT on improving physical performance in medical conditions; b) specific parameters characterizing effectiveness of PT in each group of patients according of disease; c) different range of static significance and effect size especially for such following indicators as: VO2 at VT (ml•kg-1•min-1), VO2 peak/max (ml•kg-1•min-1), HR at VT (beats•min-1), HRmax (beats•min-1), VE (L•min-1). We also formulate and discuss potential physiological mechanisms of PT affecting CRF. This paper showed PT: a) has positive impact on broad spectrum of indicators of cardiorespiratory function by pleiotropic action among different patients' groups; b) significant ameliorates quality of life that may contribute to long-standing behavior change of patients related with overall physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tarnas
- Poznan University of Physical Education, Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Marszałek
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer, Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | - Sławomir Marszałek
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Poland; Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland; Department of Oncologic Physiotherapy, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Wieliński
- Poznan University of Physical Education, Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Poznan University of Physical Education, Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hart SM, Keirns BH, Sciarrillo CM, Malin SK, Kurti SP, Emerson SR. Cardiorespiratory fitness and submaximal exercise dynamics in normal-weight obesity and metabolically healthy obesity. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1131-1142. [PMID: 37917417 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is critical for cardiovascular health. Normal-weight obesity (NWO) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may be at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, but a comparison of CRF and submaximal exercise dynamics against rigorously defined low- and high-risk groups is lacking. METHODS Four groups (N = 40; 10/group) based on body mass index (BMI), body fat %, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors were recruited: healthy controls (CON; BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, body fat < 25% [M] or < 35% [F], 0-1 risk factors), NWO (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F]), MHO (BMI > 30 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F], 0-1 risk factors), or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO; BMI > 30 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F], 2 + risk factors). All participants completed a V ˙ O2peak test on a cycle ergometer. RESULTS V ˙ O2peak was similarly low in NWO (27.0 ± 4.8 mL/kg/min), MHO (25.4 ± 6.7 mL/kg/min) and MUO (24.6 ± 10.0 mL/kg/min) relative to CON (44.2 ± 11.0 mL/kg/min) when normalized to total body mass (p's < 0.01), and adjusting for fat mass or lean mass did not alter these results. This same differential V ˙ O2 pattern was apparent beginning at 25% of the exercise test (PGroup*Time < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS NWO and MHO had similar peak and submaximal CRF to MUO, despite some favorable health traits. Our work adds clarity to the notion that excess adiposity hinders CRF across BMI categories. CLINICALTRIALS gov registration: NCT05008952.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Hart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutrition and Heath Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
| | - Christina M Sciarrillo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Stephanie P Kurti
- Department of Kinesiology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Sam R Emerson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA.
- Oklahoma State University, 211 Nancy Randolph Davis, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marzban M, Jamshidi A, Khorrami Z, Hall M, Batty JA, Farhadi A, Mahmudpour M, Gholizade M, Nabipour I, Larijani B, Afrashteh S. Determinants of multimorbidity in older adults in Iran: a cross-sectional study using latent class analysis on the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 38468227 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multimorbidity, defined as the presence of two or more long-term health conditions in an individual, is one of the most significant challenges facing health systems worldwide. This study aimed to identify determinants of classes of multimorbidity among older adults in Iran. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a cross-sectional sample of older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) from the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program in southern Iran, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of multimorbidity. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to investigate factors associated with each multimorbidity class, including age, gender, education, household income, physical activity, smoking status, and polypharmacy. RESULTS In 2,426 study participants (mean age 69 years, 52% female), the overall prevalence of multimorbidity was 80.2%. Among those with multimorbidity, 3 latent classes were identified. These comprised: class 1, individuals with a low burden of multisystem disease (56.9%); class 2, individuals with predominantly cardiovascular-metabolic disorders (25.8%) and class 3, individuals with predominantly cognitive and metabolic disorders (17.1%). Compared with men, women were more likely to belong to class 2 (odds ratio [OR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52-2.54) and class 3 (OR 4.52, 95% CI 3.22-6.35). Polypharmacy was associated with membership class 2 (OR 3.52, 95% CI: 2.65-4.68) and class 3 (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.28-2.63). Smoking was associated with membership in class 3 (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.01-2.08). Individuals with higher education levels (59%) and higher levels of physical activity (39%) were less likely to belong to class 3 (OR 0.41; 95% CI: 0.28-0.62) and to class 2 (OR 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38-0.97), respectively. Those at older age were less likely to belong to class 2 (OR 0.95). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS A large proportion of older adults in Iran have multimorbidity. Female sex, polypharmacy, sedentary lifestyle, and poor education levels were associated with cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity and cognitive and metabolic multimorbidity. A greater understanding of the determinants of multimorbidity may lead to strategies to prevent its development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Marzban
- Statistical Genetics Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD, Brisbane, Australia
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ali Jamshidi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorrami
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marlous Hall
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jonathan A Batty
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Akram Farhadi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohamad Gholizade
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Malaikah S, Willis SA, Henson J, Sargeant JA, Yates T, Thackray AE, Goltz FR, Roberts MJ, Bodicoat DH, Aithal GP, Stensel DJ, King JA. Associations of objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and cardiorespiratory fitness with adipose tissue insulin resistance and ectopic fat. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1000-1007. [PMID: 37491534 PMCID: PMC10511317 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Inadequate movement, excess adiposity, and insulin resistance augment cardiometabolic risk. This study examined the associations of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), with adipose tissue insulin resistance and ectopic fat. METHODS Data were combined from two previous experimental studies with community volunteers (n = 141, male = 60%, median (interquartile range) age = 37 (19) years, body mass index (BMI) = 26.1 (6.3) kg·m-2). Adipose tissue insulin resistance was assessed using the adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR); whilst magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure liver, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ScAT). Sedentary time and MVPA were measured via an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer. Generalized linear models examined the association of CRF, MVPA, and sedentary time with Adipo-IR and fat depots. Interaction terms explored the moderating influence of age, sex, BMI and CRF. RESULTS After controlling for BMI and cardiometabolic variables, sedentary time was positively associated with Adipo-IR (β = 0.68 AU [95%CI = 0.27 to 1.10], P < 0.001). The association between sedentary time and Adipo-IR was moderated by age, CRF and BMI; such that it was stronger in individuals who were older, had lower CRF and had a higher BMI. Sedentary time was also positively associated with VAT (β = 0.05 L [95%CI = 0.01 to 0.08], P = 0.005) with the relationship being stronger in females than males. CRF was inversely associated with VAT (β = -0.02 L [95%CI = -0.04 to -0.01], P = 0.003) and ScAT (β = -0.10 L [95%CI = -0.13 to -0.06], P < 0.001); with sex and BMI moderating the strength of associations with VAT and ScAT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary time is positively associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance which regulates lipogenesis and lipolysis. CRF is independently related to central fat storage which is a key risk factor for cardiometabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Malaikah
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Scott A Willis
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Joseph Henson
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jack A Sargeant
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Fernanda R Goltz
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Matthew J Roberts
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David J Stensel
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Central Ave, Hong Kong
| | - James A King
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ostolin TLVDP, Gonze BDB, Sperandio EF, Arantes RL, Romiti M, Dourado VZ. Mediator Effect of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on the Association between Physical Activity and Lung Function in Adults: Cross-Sectional Results from the Epimov Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9377. [PMID: 35954734 PMCID: PMC9368432 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) mediates the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and lung function in asymptomatic adults. We examined the cross-sectional results of 1362 adults aged 18-80 years from the Epidemiology and Human Movement Study. Participants were submitted to spirometry to obtain forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1). Additionally, we used cardiopulmonary exercise testing to obtain peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2) as a measure of CRF. Participants used a triaxial accelerometer for 4-7 days to obtain MVPA. Mediation analyses were performed considering the CRF as a mediator, MVPA as an independent variable, and FVC and FEV1 as dependent variables with adjustment for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk score. We aimed to investigate the total (path c) and direct (paths a, b, c') effects through the regression coefficients. We also examined the indirect effect, which was obtained from the product of the coefficients (path ab). Our sample was composed mainly of overweight and middle-aged women. MVPA was positively related to CRF (path a), as well as CRF and lung function (path b). MVPA also presented a significant positive total effect (path c) in the lung function. However, this relationship became non-significant when CRF was included in the model for both FVC and FEV1 (path c'). We did not observe a direct effect of MVPA on the lung function. In contrast, the indirect effect was significant (path ab). Lastly, CRF mediated 60% of the total effect of MVPA on FVC and 61.9% on FEV1. CRF mediates the relationship between lung function and MVPA in asymptomatic adults. Therefore, our results reinforce the need to include CRF assessment in practice clinical routine and suggest that strategies focusing on CRF might be more promising to prevent respiratory diseases in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bárbara de Barros Gonze
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil; (T.L.V.D.P.O.); (B.d.B.G.); (E.F.S.)
| | - Evandro Fornias Sperandio
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil; (T.L.V.D.P.O.); (B.d.B.G.); (E.F.S.)
| | - Rodolfo Leite Arantes
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Angiocorpore Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, Santos 11075-350, SP, Brazil; (R.L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcello Romiti
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Angiocorpore Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, Santos 11075-350, SP, Brazil; (R.L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Victor Zuniga Dourado
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil; (T.L.V.D.P.O.); (B.d.B.G.); (E.F.S.)
- Lown Scholars Program–Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cavallo FR, Golden C, Pearson-Stuttard J, Falconer C, Toumazou C. The association between sedentary behaviour, physical activity and type 2 diabetes markers: A systematic review of mixed analytic approaches. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268289. [PMID: 35544519 PMCID: PMC9094551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative effect of sedentary behaviour on type 2 diabetes markers is established, but the interaction with measures of physical activity is still largely unknown. Previous studies have analysed associations with single-activity models, which ignore the interaction with other behaviours. By including results from various analytical approaches, this review critically summarises the effects of sedentary behaviour on diabetes markers and the benefits of substitutions and compositions of physical activity. Ovid Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. Studies were selected if sedentary behaviour and physical activity were measured by accelerometer in the general population, and if associations were reported with glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, insulin sensitivity, HbA1c, diabetes incidence, CRP and IL-6. Forty-five studies were included in the review. Conclusive detrimental associations with sedentary behaviour were determined for 2-h insulin (6/12 studies found associations), fasting insulin (15/19 studies), insulin sensitivity (4/6 studies), diabetes (3/4 studies) and IL-6 (2/3 studies). Reallocating sedentary behaviour to light or moderate-to-vigorous activity has a beneficial effect for 2-h glucose (1/1 studies), fasting insulin (3/3 studies), HOMA-IR (1/1 studies) and insulin sensitivity (1/1 studies). Compositional measures of sedentary behaviour were found to affect 2-h glucose (1/1 studies), fasting insulin (2/3 studies), 2-h insulin (1/1 studies), HOMA-IR (2/2 studies) and CRP (1/1 studies). Different analytical methods produced conflicting results for fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, 2-h insulin, insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR, diabetes, hbA1c, CRP and IL-6. Studies analysing data by quartiles report independent associations between sedentary behaviour and fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and diabetes only for high duration of sedentary time (7-9 hours/day). However, this review could not provide sufficient evidence for a time-specific cut-off of sedentary behaviour for diabetes biomarkers. While substituting sedentary behaviour with moderate-to-vigorous activity brings greater improvements for health, light activity also benefits metabolic health. Future research should elucidate the effects of substituting and combining different activity durations and modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Cavallo
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Golden
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- DnaNudge Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christofer Toumazou
- Centre for Bio-Inspired Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- DnaNudge Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Effect of Exercise on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031386. [PMID: 35162403 PMCID: PMC8835550 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, increases the risk for cardiometabolic morbidity. While regular exercise is effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk, women with PCOS may experience condition-specific barriers to exercise thereby limiting its efficacy. Aim: To determine the effect of exercise on cardiometabolic risk factors in women with PCOS. Methods: Five databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, Scopus and SPORTDiscus) were searched up to December of 2021. Eligible studies included: a randomised controlled design; participants with a diagnosis of PCOS; aerobic and/or resistance exercise intervention lasting ≥4 weeks; cardiometabolic outcomes. Meta-analyses were performed to determine the effect of exercise versus non-exercising control on cardiometabolic outcomes. Results: Of the 4517 studies screened, 18 studies were analysed involving 593 participants. When compared with control, exercise significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (weighted mean difference {WMD} = 4.00 mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 2.61 to 5.40, p < 0.001) and waist circumference (WMD = −1.48 cm, 95% CI: −2.35 to −0.62, p = 0.001). Systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles remained unchanged. Conclusions: Regular exercise may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference in women with PCOS. Further large-scale studies are required to determine whether exercise interventions improve various biochemical and anthropometric parameters in women with PCOS and more severe cardiometabolic abnormalities.
Collapse
|
14
|
Franssen WMA, Vanbrabant E, Cuveele E, Ivanova A, Franssen GHLM, Eijnde BO. Sedentary behaviour, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in highly trained athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 22:1605-1617. [PMID: 34256679 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1955013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged periods of sedentary time appear to increase the risk for the development of several chronic conditions and all-cause mortality, even when moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is taken into consideration. However, whether the beneficial health effects of MVPA in highly active individuals remain present when leisure time is spent sedentary remains speculative. Therefore, we systematically evaluated off-training sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels in athletes. Studies were collected from four bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels among athletes. Data from athletes were compared with the general population and pooled using a random-effects model. After deduplication 3104 were identified of which 13 studies met inclusion criteria. Compared to the general population, athletes spent significantly more time in sedentary behaviour (+79 min/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [41, 65] min/day; p<0.001). In addition, athlete individuals spent less time in light intensity physical activity (-92 min/day; 95% CI: [-117, -66] min/day; p<0.001) and had increased levels of MVPA (+62 min/day; 95% CI: [38, 85] min/day; p<0.001) compared to the general population. Athletes exceed the average time spend sedentary per day and make them even more sedentary compared to the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M A Franssen
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translation Research Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Eva Vanbrabant
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Eline Cuveele
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Anna Ivanova
- I-BioStat - Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Gregor H L M Franssen
- Department of Education and Research Support, University Library, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bert O Eijnde
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aerobic fitness is a potential crucial factor in protecting paralympic athletes with locomotor impairments from atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To test the hypothesis that aerobic fitness is inversely related to the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) in athletes with locomotor impairments deriving from health conditions, such as spinal cord injury (SCI), lower limb amputation, cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, and other health conditions different from the previous ones.
Methods
A total of 68 male athletes who competed in either summer or winter Paralympic games were divided in two health conditions groups (35 with SCI, mean age 37.2 ± 8.0 years, and 33 with different health conditions, mean age 37.8 ± 9.9 years) and in four sport type groups (skill, power, intermittent—mixed metabolism—and endurance). They were evaluated through anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, laboratory blood tests, and graded cardiopulmonary maximal arm cranking exercise test, with oxygen uptake peak (VO2peak) measurement. Cardiovascular risk profile was assessed in each athlete.
Results
The prevalence of ACVD-risk factors in the overall population was 20.6% for hypertension; 47% and 55.9% for high values of total and LDL cholesterol, respectively; 22.1% for reduce glucose tolerance; and 8.8% for obesity. No difference was found between athletes with and without SCI, while the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in those practicing skill sports (22.7%, p = 0.035), which was the sport type group with Paralympic athletes with the lowest VO2peak (22.5 ± 5.70 ml kg−1 min−1). VO2peak was lower in athletes with SCI than those with different health conditions (28.6 ± 10.0 vs 33.6 ± 8.9 ml kg−1 min−1p = 0.03), and in those with 3–4 risk factors (19.09 ± 5.34 ml kg−1 min−1) than those with 2 risk factors (27.1 ± 5.50 ml kg−1 min−1), 1 risk factor (31.6 ± 8.55 ml kg−1 min−1), or none (36.4 ± 8.76 ml kg−1 min−1) (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The present study suggests that having higher VO2peak seems to offer greater protection against ACVD in individuals with a locomotor impairment. Prescribing physical exercise at an intensity similar to that of endurance and intermittent sports should become a fundamental tool to promote health among people with a locomotor impairment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Slater J, Kruger R, Douwes J, O’Brien WJ, Corbin M, Miles-Chan JL, Breier BH. Objectively Measured Physical Activity Is Associated With Body Composition and Metabolic Profiles of Pacific and New Zealand European Women With Different Metabolic Disease Risks. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684782. [PMID: 34122148 PMCID: PMC8188826 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess associations between physical activity (PA), body composition, and biomarkers of metabolic health in Pacific and New Zealand European (NZE) women who are known to have different metabolic disease risks. Methods: Pacific (n = 142) or NZE (n = 162) women aged 18-45 years with a self-reported body mass index (BMI) of either 18.5-25.0 kg⋅m-2 or ≥30.0 kg⋅m-2 were recruited and subsequently stratified as either low (<35%) or high (≥35%) BF%, with approximately half of each group in either category. Seven-day accelerometery was used to assess PA levels. Fasting blood was analysed for biomarkers of metabolic health, and whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to estimate body composition. Results: Mean moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; min⋅day-1) levels differed between BF% (p < 0.05) and ethnic (p < 0.05) groups: Pacific high- 19.1 (SD 15.2) and low-BF% 26.3 (SD 15.6) and NZE high- 30.5 (SD 19.1) and low-BF% 39.1 (SD 18.4). On average Pacific women in the low-BF% group engaged in significantly less total PA when compared to NZE women in the low-BF% group (133 cpm); no ethnic difference in mean total PA (cpm) between high-BF% groups were observed: Pacific high- 607 (SD 185) and low-BF% 598 (SD 168) and NZE high- 674 (SD 210) and low-BF% 731 (SD 179). Multiple linear regression analysis controlling for age and deprivation showed a significant inverse association between increasing total PA and fasting plasma insulin among Pacific women; every 100 cpm increase in total PA was associated with a 6% lower fasting plasma insulin; no significant association was observed in NZE women. For both Pacific and NZE women, there was an 8% reduction in fasting plasma insulin for every 10-min increase in MVPA (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Increases in total PA and MVPA are associated with lower fasting plasma insulin, thus indicating a reduction in metabolic disease risk. Importantly, compared to NZE, the impact of increased total PA on fasting insulin may be greater in Pacific women. Considering Pacific women are a high metabolic disease risk population, these pre-clinical responses to PA may be important in this population; indicating promotion of PA in Pacific women should remain a priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Slater
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rozanne Kruger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeroen Douwes
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Wendy J. O’Brien
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marine Corbin
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bernhard H. Breier
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Microbiome Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Matricciani L, Dumuid D, Paquet C, Fraysse F, Wang Y, Baur LA, Juonala M, Ranganathan S, Lycett K, Kerr JA, Burgner D, Wake M, Olds T. Sleep and cardiometabolic health in children and adults: examining sleep as a component of the 24-h day. Sleep Med 2020; 78:63-74. [PMID: 33387878 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep, physical activity and sedentary time are all known to play a role in cardiometabolic health. Compositional data analysis (CoDA) enables us to examine associations between 24-h use of time and health outcomes. METHODS Data were collected in the Child Health CheckPoint study, a one-off national population-cohort study conducted between February 2015 and March 2016. Wrist-worn actigraphy monitors (GENEActiv Original, Cambs, UK) were used to measure activity behaviours (sleep, physical activity and sedentary time) and sleep characteristics (sleep variability, midsleep, efficiency). CoDA was applied to determine the association between 24-h use of time and cardiometabolic risk markers (blood pressure; body mass index; apolipoprotein B/A1; glycoprotein acetyls; and composite metabolic syndrome score). Substitution modelling (one-for-remaining and one-for-one) examined the associations of reallocating sleep time with other activity behaviours. RESULTS Data were available for 1073 Australian children aged 11-12 years (50% male) and 1337 adults (13% male). Strong association was found between 24-h use of time and all cardiometabolic health outcomes. Longer sleep was associated with more favourable cardiovascular health. Sleep characteristics other than duration (efficiency, timing, variability) were weakly and inconsistently associated with outcomes. Reallocating time from sleep to moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) had favourable associations with cardiometabolic health, but reallocating from sleep to sedentary time was associated with less favourable cardiometabolic health. CONCLUSION The 24-h activity composition is strongly associated with cardiometabolic health in children and adults. Days with more sleep and MVPA are associated with improved cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Matricciani
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Catherine Paquet
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculté des Sciences de l'Administration, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - François Fraysse
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica A Kerr
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Olds
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior and Physical Fitness in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228660. [PMID: 33233451 PMCID: PMC7700371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior has been considered an independent risk factor to health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine associations between objectively measured sedentary time and physical fitness components in healthy adults. Methods: Four electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed and Sport Discus) were searched (up to 20 September 2020) to retrieve studies on healthy adults which used observational, cohort and cross-sectional designs. Studies were included if sedentary time was measured objectively and examined associations with the health- or skill-related attributes of physical fitness (e.g., muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance). After applying additional search criteria, 21 papers (11,101 participants) were selected from an initial pool of 5192 identified papers. Results: Significant negative associations were found between total sedentary time with cardiorespiratory fitness (r = −0.164, 95%CI: −0.240, −0.086, p < 0.001), muscular strength (r = −0.147, 95%CI: −0.266, −0.024, p = 0.020) and balance (r = −0.133, 95%CI: −0.255, −0.006, p = 0.040). Conclusions: The evidence found suggests that sedentary time can be associated with poor physical fitness in adults (i.e., muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and balance), so strategies should be created to encourage behavioral changes.
Collapse
|
19
|
Raichlen DA, Klimentidis YC, Bharadwaj PK, Alexander GE. Differential associations of engagement in physical activity and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness with brain volume in middle-aged to older adults. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:1994-2003. [PMID: 31209836 PMCID: PMC7008962 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has confirmed the benefits of aerobic exercise for brain aging, however mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Two measures of exercise, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), may reflect different pathways linking activity to brain health. Using data from the UK Biobank, the largest sample combining neuroimaging and objectively measured MVPA available to date (n = 7148, nmale = 3062, nfemale = 4086; age = 62.14 ± 7.40 years), we found that, when adjusted for covariates including MVPA, CRF was positively associated with overall gray matter volume (FDR p = 1.28E-05). In contrast, when adjusted for covariates including CRF, MVPA was positively associated with left and right hippocampal (FDR pleft = 0.01; FDR pright = 0.02) volumes, but not overall gray matter volume. Both CRF and MVPA were inversely associated with white matter hyperintensity lesion loads (FDR pCRF = 0.002; pMVPA = 0.02). Our results suggest separable effects of engagement in exercise behaviors (MVPA) and the physiological effects of exercise (CRF) on structural brain volumes, which may have implications for differential pathways linking exercise and brain benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Raichlen
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 1009 E. South Campus Dr., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| | - Yann C Klimentidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Pradyumna K Bharadwaj
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sehn AP, Gaya AR, Dias AF, Brand C, Mota J, Pfeiffer KA, Sayavera JB, Renner JDP, Reuter CP. Relationship between sleep duration and TV time with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:42. [PMID: 32825824 PMCID: PMC7442988 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To verify the association between sleep duration and television time with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age, gender, and skin color/ethnicity in this relationship among adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study with 1411 adolescents (800 girls) aged 10 to 17 years. Television time, sleep duration, age, gender, and skin color/ethnicity were obtained by self-reported questionnaire. Cardiometabolic risk was evaluated using the continuous metabolic risk score, by the sum of the standard z-score values for each risk factor: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycemia, cardiorespiratory fitness, systolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. Generalized linear regression models were used. Results There was an association between television time and cardiometabolic risk (β, 0.002; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.003). Short sleep duration (β, 0.422; 95% CI, 0.012; 0.833) was positively associated with cardiometabolic risk. Additionally, age moderated the relationship between television time and cardiometabolic risk (β, − 0.009; 95% CI, − 0.002; − 0.001), suggesting that this relationship was stronger at ages 11 and 13 years (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.006) compared to 13 to 15 years (β, 0.002; 95% CI, 0.001; 0.004). No association was found in older adolescents (β, 0.001; 95% CI, − 0.002; 0.002). Conclusions Television time and sleep duration are associated with cardiometabolic risk; adolescents with short sleep have higher cardiometabolic risk. In addition, age plays a moderating role in the relationship between TV time and cardiometabolic risk, indicating that in younger adolescents the relationship is stronger compared to older ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Arieli Fernandes Dias
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brand
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Department of Life Sciences, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Av. Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fan LM, Collins A, Geng L, Li JM. Impact of unhealthy lifestyle on cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery of medical science students. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1012. [PMID: 32590968 PMCID: PMC7318519 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical science students represent valuable labour resources for better future medicine and medical technology. However, little attention was given to the health and well-being of these early career medical science professionals. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of lifestyle components on cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery measured after moderate exercise in this population. Methods Volunteers without documented medical condition were recruited randomly and continuously from the first-year medical science students during 2011–2014 at the University of Surrey, UK. Demographics and lifestyle components (the levels of smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, weekend outdoor activity and screen-time, daily sleep period, and self-assessment of fitness) were gathered through pre-exercise questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) and heart rate recovery were determined using Åstrand–Rhyming submaximal cycle ergometry test. Data were analysed using SPSS version 25. Results Among 614 volunteers, 124 had completed both lifestyle questionnaire and the fitness test and were included for this study. Within 124 participants (20.6 ± 4 years), 46.8% were male and 53.2% were female, 11.3% were overweight and 8.9% were underweight, 8.9% were current smokers and 33.1% consumed alcohol beyond the UK recommendation. There were 34.7% of participants admitted to have < 3 h/week of moderate physical activity assessed according to UK Government National Physical Activity Guidelines and physically not fit (feeling tiredness). Fitness test showed that VO2max distribution was inversely associated with heart rate recovery at 3 min and both values were significantly correlated with the levels of exercise, self-assessed fitness and BMI. Participants who had < 3 h/week exercise, or felt not fit or were overweight had significantly lower VO2max and heart rate recovery than their peers. Conclusion One in three new medical science students were physically inactive along with compromised cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery, which put them at risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Promoting healthy lifestyle at the beginning of career is crucial in keeping medical science professionals healthy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lampson M Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Adam Collins
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Li Geng
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, Harborne Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. .,School of Biological Sciences, Harborne Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bowden Davies KA, Sprung VS, Norman JA, Thompson A, Mitchell KL, Harrold JOA, Finlayson G, Gibbons C, Wilding JPH, Kemp GJ, Hamer M, Cuthbertson DJ. Physical Activity and Sedentary Time: Association with Metabolic Health and Liver Fat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1169-1177. [PMID: 30694971 PMCID: PMC6542688 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction/Purpose To investigate whether (a) lower levels of daily physical activity (PA) and greater sedentary time accounted for contrasting metabolic phenotypes (higher liver fat/presence of metabolic syndrome [METS+] vs lower liver fat/absence of metabolic syndrome [METS−]) in individuals of similar body mass index and (b) the association of sedentary time on metabolic health and liver fat. Methods Ninety-eight habitually active participants (53 female, 45 male; age, 39 ± 13 yr; body mass index 26.9 ± 5.1 kg·m−2), underwent assessments of PA (SenseWear armband; wear time ~98%), cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2 peak), body composition (magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and multiorgan insulin sensitivity (oral glucose tolerance test). We undertook a) cross-sectional analysis comparing four groups: nonobese or obese, with and without metabolic syndrome (METS+ vs METS−) and b) univariate and multivariate regression for sedentary time and other levels of PA in relation to liver fat. Results Light, moderate, and vigorous PA did not account for differences in metabolic health between individuals, whether nonobese or obese, although METS+ individuals were more sedentary, with a higher number, and prolonged bouts (~1–2 h). Overall, sedentary time, average daily METS and V˙O2 peak were each independently associated with liver fat percentage. Each additional hour of daily sedentary time was associated with a 1.15% (95% confidence interval, 1.14%–1.50%) higher liver fat content. Conclusions Greater sedentary time, independent of other levels of PA, is associated with being metabolically unhealthy; even in habitually active people, lesser sedentary time, and higher cardiorespiratory fitness and average daily METS is associated with lower liver fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Bowden Davies
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM.,Obesity and Endocrinology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Victoria S Sprung
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Obesity and Endocrinology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Juliette A Norman
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Obesity and Endocrinology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Katie L Mitchell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - J O A Harrold
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Graham Finlayson
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Catherine Gibbons
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - John P H Wilding
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Obesity and Endocrinology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mark Hamer
- School Sport, Exercise Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine-East Midlands, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Daniel J Cuthbertson
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM.,Obesity and Endocrinology Research Group, Clinical Sciences Centre, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Memory Function: Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55050127. [PMID: 31075908 PMCID: PMC6572478 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiorespiratory fitness is an important predictor of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic health. To extend our knowledge on the health effects associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on memory function. Materials and Methods: Embase/PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Sports Discus, and PsychInfo databases were searched. Inclusionary criteria included: (1) were conducted among adult humans (18+ years), (2) evaluated cardiorespiratory fitness as the independent variable, (3) measured cardiorespiratory fitness with an objective device (e.g., indirect calorimetry), (4) evaluated memory function (any type) as the outcome measure, and (5) included either a cross-sectional, prospective, or experimental-study design. Information on the participant’s characteristics, study design, cardiorespiratory fitness assessment, memory type, whether the study statistically controlled for exercise behavior, and study results were extracted. The relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and memory was synthesized while considering the data extraction parameters. Results: In total, 17 articles met the inclusionary criteria, including two prospective cohort studies and 15 cross-sectional studies. The main findings of this review are twofold: (1) across the 17 evaluated studies, 15 (88.2%) studies demonstrated some evidence of a positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and memory function, and (2) none of these 17 studies statistically controlled for physical activity behavior. Conclusion: CRF appears to be positively associated with memory function, however, it is uncertain as to whether this association occurs independently of physical activity or is mediated via physical activity behavior.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nightingale TE, Walhin JP, Thompson D, Bilzon JLJ. Biomarkers of cardiometabolic health are associated with body composition characteristics but not physical activity in persons with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2019; 42:328-337. [PMID: 28901220 PMCID: PMC6522924 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1368203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine (i) the associations between physical activity dimensions, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition and, (ii) the associations between physical activity dimensions, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS A cross-sectional prospective cohort study with 7-day follow-up was conducted. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health were measured in thirty-three participants with SCI (> 1 year post injury). Physical activity dimensions were objectively assessed over 7-days. RESULTS Activity energy expenditure (r =.43), physical activity level (r =.39), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (r =.48) were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with absolute (L/min) peak oxygen uptake (⩒O2 peak). ⩒O2 peak was significantly higher in persons performing ≥150 MVPA minutes/week compared to <40 minutes/week (P = 0.003). Individual physical activity dimensions were not significantly associated with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health. However, body composition characteristics (BMI, waist and hip circumference) showed significant (P < 0.04), moderate (r >.30) associations with parameters of metabolic regulation, lipid profiles and inflammatory biomarkers. Relative ⩒O2 peak (ml/kg/min) was moderately associated with only insulin sensitivity (r = 0.37, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity dimensions are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness; however, stronger and more consistent associations suggest that poor cardiometabolic health is associated with higher body fat content. Given these findings, the regulation of energy balance should be an important consideration for researchers and clinicians looking to improve cardiometabolic health in persons with SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom E Nightingale
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK,Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, US,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, US
| | | | - Dylan Thompson
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - James LJ Bilzon
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK,Correspondence to: Professor James LJ Bilzon, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Association of sedentary time and physical fitness with ideal cardiovascular health in perimenopausal women: The FLAMENCO project. Maturitas 2019; 120:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
26
|
Figueiró TH, Arins GCB, dos Santos CES, Cembranel F, de Medeiros PA, d’Orsi E, Rech CR. Association of objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210861. [PMID: 30657795 PMCID: PMC6338374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the associations between sedentary behavior and different intensities of physical activity with cardiometabolic risk, and to analyze the simultaneous effect of excess sedentary behavior and recommended levels of physical activity on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults. Methods We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on a sample of older adults (60+) living in Florianopolis, Brazil. The objectively measured predictors were sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate to vigorous physical activity, and the outcomes were markers of cardiometabolic risk. Data were considered valid when the participant had used the accelerometer for at least four days per week. Results The sample included 425 older adults (59.8% women), with a mean age of 73.9 years (95%CI: 73.5–74.4). Sedentary behavior was associated with lower systolic blood pressure levels (β = -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05; -0.01) and lower HDL cholesterol (β = -0.02; 95%CI: -0.02; -0.01). Light physical activity was not associated with any cardiovascular risk markers after adjustment. Each minute spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with lower waist circumference (β = -0.15; 95%CI: -0.24; -0.05), systolic blood pressure (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.32; -0.04) and plasma glucose (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.33;-0.02), and with higher HDL cholesterol (β = 0.10; 95%CI: 0.01; 0.18). Moreover, physically inactive and sedentary individuals had a greater mean waist circumference and lower HDL cholesterol than physically active and non-sedentary subjects. Conclusion The results suggest that moderate to vigorous physical activity have a positive impact on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults. Light physical activity does not appear to have a beneficial effect on the cardiometabolic markers, and despite the benefits provided by the different intensities of physical activity, the simultaneous presence of sedentary behavior and low physical activity level was associated with poor cardiometabolic risk markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamara Hübler Figueiró
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriel Claudino Budal Arins
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Carla Elane Silva dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francieli Cembranel
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Adão de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eleonora d’Orsi
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- The Bernard Lown Scholars in Cardiovascular Health Program, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Cassiano Ricardo Rech
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Associations between clinical and psychosocial factors and metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders - Baseline and two-years findings from the CHANGE trial. Schizophr Res 2018; 199:96-102. [PMID: 29501386 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with severe mental disorders die averagely 15years earlier than people in the Western background population, cardiovascular disease being the most frequent cause of death with unhealthy eating habits and lower levels of physical activity as major contributing risk factors. Understanding possible associations and predictors of the specific cardiovascular risk may permit more targeted and effective prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between clinical and psychosocial factors and several separate cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of 428 persons with schizophrenia and abdominal obesity enrolled in the CHANGE trial. METHODS We used data from baseline and two-year follow-up of 428 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and abdominal overweight enrolled in the CHANGE trial. By linear regressions we explored the relationships between clinical and psychosocial factors and established cardiovascular risk factors: Dependent variables were baseline and follow-up values of the following: VO2max, waist circumference, high density lipoprotein (HDL), systolic blood pressure and HbA1c. Independent variables were baseline values of the following: negative symptoms, positive symptoms, cognition, level of functioning, antipsychotic medication, duration of illness, employment situation and whether the participants had any friend. RESULTS Negative symptoms were associated with most baseline- as well as two-years-outcome; negatively with cardiorespiratory fitness and with dietary quality and with HDL, and with increasing values of the variables waist circumference, BMI and HbA1c. Negative symptoms were seen also to predict poorer cardiorespiratory fitness and larger waist circumference, higher HbA1c and lower HDL at two year follow-up. Level of functioning and Cognitive function correlated positively with cardiorespiratory fitness and HDL, and correlated negatively with waist circumference and HbA1c. Both parameters also predicted a better fitness, higher HDL and lower HbA1c at two year follow-up. Isolating the antipsychotic drugs known to give the worst metabolic adverse effects (olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine), the dosage was positively associated with cholesterol, but not with any other outcome. Psychotic symptoms and duration of illness were not significantly associated with any outcome. Employment of any kind was significantly associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and negatively associated with waist circumference, BMI and systolic blood pressure. At two year follow-up associations were significant for the two year outcomes cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference. Friendship relations were negatively associated with waist circumference and positively with HDL cholesterol. None of the two year outcomes were predicted by friendship. CONCLUSIONS We found various clinical and psychosocial factors to be associated with less healthy lifestyle factors and higher risk of cardiovascular disease, with negative symptoms building the strongest associations, although a possible bidirectional causality needs to be regarded. Reduction of negative symptoms should be investigated further in order to reduce the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Collapse
|
28
|
Sedentary Occupation Workers Who Meet the Physical Activity Recommendations Have a Reduced Risk for Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 59:1029-1033. [PMID: 28742767 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that sedentary occupation workers who meet the physical activity recommendations present a lower risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) than their nonactive counterparts. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 502 sedentary occupation workers. Physical activity level was self-reported. MetS was defined by International Diabetes Federation criteria. RESULTS The active group showed lower odds for MetS [odds ratio (OR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.27 to 0.98], abdominal obesity (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.82), elevated blood pressure (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.84), and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.93) than the sedentary group after adjustments for age, time in job, body mass index, and tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary occupation workers who meet the physical activity recommendations have a reduced risk for MetS.
Collapse
|
29
|
Bueno-Antequera J, Oviedo-Caro MÁ, Munguía-Izquierdo D. Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk in psychosis: The PsychiActive project. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:142-148. [PMID: 29033281 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the possible independent associations of sedentary behaviour (SB), physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with clustered (CCRS) and individual cardiometabolic risk (waist circumference [waist], systolic/diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose) in patients with psychosis. In 43 outpatients with psychosis (mean age±SD: 42.3±8.5years, 86% men), SB and light, moderate-to-vigorous, and total PA were measured with the SenseWear Pro3 Armband, and CRF with the 6-minute walking test. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for multiple confounders were applied. High SB, low PA and low CRF levels were associated with an unfavourable cardiometabolic risk profile (increased presence of metabolic syndrome and number of cardiometabolic abnormalities, as well as worse values and elevated presence of abnormalities for all individual cardiometabolic risk factors). SB was associated with CCRS, number of cardiometabolic abnormalities, waist, and fasting blood glucose (all p<0.05). After adjusting for PA and CRF, waist and fasting blood glucose remained significant. Light PA was associated with waist, moderate-to-vigorous PA with CCRS, and total PA with CCRS and waist (all p<0.05). These results became non-significant after adjusting for SB and CRF. CRF was associated with CCRS, waist, and systolic blood pressure (all p<0.05). The associations with CCRS and waist remained significant after adjusting for SB and PA. Together, these results suggest the importance of considering SB and CRF, regardless PA, in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders among patients with psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bueno-Antequera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Oviedo-Caro
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Diego Munguía-Izquierdo
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Section of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Seville, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Powell C, Herring MP, Dowd KP, Donnelly AE, Carson BP. The cross-sectional associations between objectively measured sedentary time and cardiometabolic health markers in adults - a systematic review with meta-analysis component. Obes Rev 2018; 19:381-395. [PMID: 29178252 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary time is viewed as an independent risk factor for adverse cardiometabolic health (CMH). No systematic review and meta-analysis on the cross-sectional associations between objectively measured sedentary time and CMH markers has been conducted. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for papers that examined the cross-sectional association between objectively measured sedentary time and CMH markers in adults. Forty-six papers met the inclusion criteria. The included papers had a combined sample size of 70,576 and an age range of 18-87 years. To examine the effect of increased levels of sedentary time on CMH markers, data on effect sizes and moderators were extracted, where possible. By pooling the unadjusted data from the included papers, increased sedentary time was shown to have a significant detrimental association with fasting glucose (Δ = 0.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.23), fasting insulin (Δ = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.32), triglycerides (Δ = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.37), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Δ = -0.20, 95% CI: -0.28, -0.13) and waist circumference (Δ = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.35). How sedentary time was quantified and the device used to measure sedentary time significantly influence the size of the effect reported. Future interventions focused on both decreasing sedentary time and increasing physical activity may be the most effective strategy to improve CMH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Powell
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - M P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - K P Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - A E Donnelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - B P Carson
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Swindell N, Mackintosh K, McNarry M, Stephens JW, Sluik D, Fogelholm M, Drummen M, MacDonald I, Martinez JA, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Poppitt SD, Brand-Miller J, Larsen TM, Raben A, Stratton G. Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Are Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults With Prediabetes: The PREVIEW Study. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:562-569. [PMID: 29158249 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the association among physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and cardiometabolic risk in adults with prediabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants (n = 2,326; 25-70 years old, 67% female) from eight countries, with a BMI >25 kg ⋅ m-2 and impaired fasting glucose (5.6-6.9 mmol ⋅ L-1) or impaired glucose tolerance (7.8-11.0 mmol ⋅ L-1 at 2 h), participated. Seven-day accelerometry objectively assessed PA levels and ST. RESULTS Multiple linear regression revealed that moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was negatively associated with HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (standardized β = -0.078 [95% CI -0.128, -0.027]), waist circumference (WC) (β = -0.177 [-0.122, -0.134]), fasting insulin (β = -0.115 [-0.158, -0.072]), 2-h glucose (β = -0.069 [-0.112, -0.025]), triglycerides (β = -0.091 [-0.138, -0.044]), and CRP (β = -0.086 [-0.127, -0.045]). ST was positively associated with HOMA-IR (β = 0.175 [0.114, 0.236]), WC (β = 0.215 [0.026, 0.131]), fasting insulin (β = 0.155 [0.092, 0.219]), triglycerides (β = 0.106 [0.052, 0.16]), CRP (β = 0.106 [0.39, 0.172]), systolic blood pressure (BP) (β = 0.078 [0.026, 0.131]), and diastolic BP (β = 0.106 [0.39, -0.172]). Associations reported between total PA (counts ⋅ min-1), and all risk factors were comparable or stronger than for MVPA: HOMA-IR (β = -0.151 [-0.194, -0.107]), WC (β = -0.179 [-0.224, -0.134]), fasting insulin (β = -0.139 [-0.183, -0.096]), 2-h glucose (β = -0.088 [-0.131, -0.045]), triglycerides (β = -0.117 [-0.162, -0.071]), and CRP (β = -0.104 [-0.146, -0.062]). CONCLUSIONS In adults with prediabetes, objectively measured PA and ST were associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. Total PA was at least as strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers as MVPA, which may imply that the accumulation of total PA over the day is as important as achieving the intensity of MVPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Diewertje Sluik
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - J Alfredo Martinez
- University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, and CIBERObn and IMDEA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Raben
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pollock RD, Duggal NA, Lazarus NR, Lord JM, Harridge SDR. Cardiorespiratory fitness not sedentary time or physical activity is associated with cardiometabolic risk in active older adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1653-1660. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Pollock
- Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences; King's College London; London UK
| | - N. A. Duggal
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - N. R. Lazarus
- Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences; King's College London; London UK
| | - J. M. Lord
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - S. D. R. Harridge
- Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences; King's College London; London UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
The social context moderates the relationship between neighborhood safety and adolescents' activities. Prev Med Rep 2017; 6:355-360. [PMID: 28491489 PMCID: PMC5423299 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of neighborhood safety and physical activity have typically neglected to consider the youth's peer context as a modifier of these relationships. This study fills this gap in testing the independent and interactive effects of perceived neighborhood safety and time spent with friends and peers on young adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behavior. Participants (N = 80; ages 13-17) completed the Pedestrian/Traffic Safety and Crime Safety subscales of the adolescent version of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS). An experience sampling methodology was used to assess sedentary behaviors/screen time and the social context in which physical activity and sedentary time/behavior occurred. Physical activity was assessed via accelerometry. Multilevel models were used to estimate the relationships between predictors (neighborhood safety and social context) and outcomes (physical activity and sedentary time/behavior). Frequency of peer/friend interactions moderated the relationships between neighborhood safety and adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behavior. Specifically, physical activity was more strongly influenced by neighborhood safety among adolescents who reported spending less time with peers and friends than among those who reported frequent peer interactions. Among youths who perceived that their neighborhoods were safer, spending more time with friends and peers was related to greater engagement in sedentary activities, whereas this was not the case among adolescents who perceived that their neighborhoods were less safe. The peer social context moderates the relationship between perceived neighborhood safety and adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behavior. Improving social interactions at the individual level within neighborhoods may decrease concerns of safety.
Collapse
|