1
|
Kamali K, Nazarizadeh M, Fatemizadeh F, Salmabadi S, Hung CM, Kaboli M. Integrating phylogenetic, phylogeographic, and morphometric analyses to reveal cryptic lineages within the genus Asaccus (Reptilia: Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) in Iran. BMC ZOOL 2024; 9:12. [PMID: 38926885 PMCID: PMC11202258 DOI: 10.1186/s40850-024-00203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Middle Eastern endemic genus Asaccus comprises Southwest Asian leaf-toed geckos. To date, this genus includes 19 species of leaf-toed geckos (seven in Arabia and 12 in the Zagros Mountains). Despite a recent study on the taxonomy and phylogeny of Asaccus species in Iran, controversies still remain surrounding the phylogeny and phylogeography of the genus. Here, we used an integrative approach to determine the phylogeny and phylogeography of Asaccus species using two mitochondrial genes (12 S and Cyt b), and one nuclear gene (c-mos). Our results uncovered 22 distinct lineages, demonstrating a significant cryptic diversity that challenges the current morphological classifications of these species. Phylogenetic analyses reinforce the monophyly of the Asaccus group, positioning A. montanus as a basal lineage, which supports a deep evolutionary divergence dating back to the Late Oligocene, approximately 27.94 million years ago. This genetic diversity also highlights the impact of historical climatic and geographical changes on species diversification. The findings advocate for an integrative approach combining both molecular and morphological data to resolve species identities accurately, thereby enhancing conservation strategies to protect these genetically distinct lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Kamali
- Iranian Herpetology Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Nazarizadeh
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Faezeh Fatemizadeh
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Chih-Ming Hung
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Mohammad Kaboli
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vidal MA, Rezende EL, Bacigalupe LD. Intra and interspecific variation in thermal performance and critical limits in anurans from southern Chile. J Therm Biol 2024; 121:103851. [PMID: 38615494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between temperature and performance can be illustrated through a thermal performance curve (TPC), which has proven useful in describing various aspects of ectotherms' thermal ecology and evolution. The parameters of the TPC can vary geographically due to large-scale variations in environmental conditions. However, only some studies have attempted to quantify how thermal performance varies over relatively small spatial scales, even in the same location or consistently among individuals within a species. Here, we quantified individual and species variation in thermal sensitivity of locomotor performance in five amphibia Eupsophus species found in the temperate rainforests of southern Chile and compared their estimates against co-occurring species that exhibit a substantially more extensive distributional range. We measured critical thermal limits and jumping performance under five different temperatures. Our results suggest that thermal responses are relatively conserved along the phylogeny, as the locomotor performance and thermal windows for activity remained narrow in Eupsophus species when compared against results observed for Batrachyla taeniata and Rhinella spinulosa. Additionally, we found significant individual differences in locomotor performance within most species, with individual consistency in performance observed across varied temperatures. Further analyses explored the influence of body size on locomotor performance and critical thermal limits within and between species. Our results suggest a trade-off scenario between thermal tolerance breadth and locomotor performance, where species exhibiting broader thermal ranges might have compromised performance. Interestingly, these traits seem partly mediated by body size variations, raising questions about potential ecological implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A Vidal
- Center of Ñuble Studies, Biodiversity and Global Change Research Group, Departament of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Bío-Bío University, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Enrico L Rezende
- Department of Ecology, Center od Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, 6513677, Chile
| | - Leonardo D Bacigalupe
- Institute of Environmental and Evolutionary Sciences, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barrasso DA, Úbeda CA, Cotichelli L, Basso NG. On the presence of Alsodes coppingeri (Anura, Alsodidae) in Argentina, with comments on other southern Alsodes. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2022.2029321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Barrasso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia “San Juan Bosco” (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Carmen A. Úbeda
- Departamento de Zoología, Centro Regional Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCo), San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Cotichelli
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Néstor G. Basso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia “San Juan Bosco” (UNPSJB), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Amador L, Leaché AD, Victoriano PF, Hickerson MJ, D'Elía G. Genomic scale data shows that Parastacus nicoleti encompasses more than one species of burrowing continental crayfishes and that lineage divergence occurred with and without gene flow. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 169:107443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
5
|
Lobos G, Rebolledo N, Charrier A, Correa C, Rabanal F, Vidal M. Natural History of the Mocha Island Ground Frog Eupsophus insularis, a Critically Endangered Species. SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-19-00102.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Lobos
- Centro de Gestión Ambiental y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Andrés Charrier
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Claudio Correa
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe Rabanal
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Chile
| | - Marcela Vidal
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Suárez-Villota EY, Trovatti E, Contreras FA, Nuñez JJ. Characterisation of a skin secretion with adhesive properties in the ground frog Eupsophus vertebralis (Alsodidae). HERPETOZOA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e68576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Some skin secretions with adhesive properties allow frogs to distract predators and escape; their nature is poorly studied. Here, we report the sticky skin secretion released by the Patagonian frog Eupsophus vertebralis when stressed. This secretion contained ~ 50% proteins spanning 25–250 kDa and required a fast setting time to turn into strong adhesive, which worked well on synthetic and biological materials. Lap-shear assays with Eupsophus glue secretion showed average shear strength of 3.34 MPa, comparable to cyanoacrylate (5.47 MPa). These properties suggest its biotechnological value for practical applications in industrial and medical sectors.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nuñez JJ, Suárez-Villota EY, Quercia CA, Olivares AP, Sites JW. Phylogeographic analysis and species distribution modelling of the wood frog Batrachyla leptopus (Batrachylidae) reveal interglacial diversification in south western Patagonia. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9980. [PMID: 33083116 PMCID: PMC7546244 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The evolutionary history of southern South American organisms has been strongly influenced by Pleistocene climate oscillations. Amphibians are good models to evaluate hypotheses about the influence of these climate cycles on population structure and diversification of the biota, because they are sensitive to environmental changes and have restricted dispersal capabilities. We test hypotheses regarding putative forest refugia and expansion events associated with past climatic changes in the wood frog Batrachyla leptopus distributed along ∼1,000 km of length including glaciated and non-glaciated areas in southwestern Patagonia. Methods Using three mitochondrial regions (D-loop, cyt b, and coI) and two nuclear loci (pomc and crybA1), we conducted multilocus phylogeographic analyses and species distribution modelling to gain insights of the evolutionary history of this species. Intraspecific genealogy was explored with maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and phylogenetic network approaches. Diversification time was assessed using molecular clock models in a Bayesian framework, and demographic scenarios were evaluated using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) and extended Bayesian skyline plot (EBSP). Species distribution models (SDM) were reconstructed using climatic and geographic data. Results Population structure and genealogical analyses support the existence of four lineages distributed north to south, with moderate to high phylogenetic support (Bootstrap > 70%; BPP > 0.92). The diversification time of B. leptopus’ populations began at ∼0.107 mya. The divergence between A and B lineages would have occurred by the late Pleistocene, approximately 0.068 mya, and divergence between C and D lineages was approximately 0.065 mya. The ABC simulations indicate that lineages coalesced at two different time periods, suggesting the presence of at least two glacial refugia and a postglacial colonization route that may have generated two southern lineages (p = 0.93, type I error: <0.094, type II error: 0.134). EBSP, mismatch distribution and neutrality indexes suggest sudden population expansion at ∼0.02 mya for all lineages. SDM infers fragmented distributions of B. leptopus associated with Pleistocene glaciations. Although the present populations of B. leptopus are found in zones affected by the last glacial maximum (∼0.023 mya), our analyses recover an older history of interglacial diversification (0.107–0.019 mya). In addition, we hypothesize two glacial refugia and three interglacial colonization routes, one of which gave rise to two expanding lineages in the south.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José J Nuñez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile
| | - Elkin Y Suárez-Villota
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Concepción, Región del Bio-Bío, Chile
| | - Camila A Quercia
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile
| | - Angel P Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile
| | - Jack W Sites
- Department of Biology and M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States of America.,Current affiliation: Department of Biology, Austin Peay St University, Clarksville, TN, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Korshunova T, Malmberg K, Prkić J, Petani A, Fletcher K, Lundin K, Martynov A. Fine-scale species delimitation: speciation in process and periodic patterns in nudibranch diversity. Zookeys 2020; 917:15-50. [PMID: 32206016 PMCID: PMC7076062 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.917.47444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the nudibranch genus Amphorina as a model, ongoing speciation is demonstrated, as well as how periodic-like patterns in colouration can be included in an integrated method of fine-scale species delimitation. By combining several methods, including BPP analysis and the study of molecular, morphological, and ecological data from a large number of specimens within a broad geographic range from northern Europe to the Mediterranean, five species are recognised within the genus Amphorina, reviewed here for the first time. Two new species from the southwestern coast of Sweden are described, A. viriola sp. nov. and A. andra sp. nov. Evidence is provided of a recent speciation process between the two closely related, yet separate, species which inhabit the same geographic localities but demonstrate strict water depth differentiation, with one species inhabiting the shallow brackish top layer above the halocline and the other species inhabiting the underlying saltier water. The results presented here are of relevance for currently debated issues such as conservation in relation to speciation, fine species delimitation, and integration of molecular, morphological and ecological information in biodiversity studies. The periodic approach to biological taxonomy has considerable practical potential for various organismal groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Korshunova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26 Vavilova Str., 119334 Moscow, Russia Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS Moscow Russia.,Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Str. 6, 125009 Moscow, Russia Moscow State University Moscow Russia
| | - Klas Malmberg
- Aquatilis, Nostravägen 11, S-41743, Gothenburg, Sweden Aquatilis Gothenburgh Sweden
| | - Jakov Prkić
- Getaldiceva 11, C 21000 Split, Croatia Unaffiliated Split Croatia
| | - Alen Petani
- Put Kotlara 6, C 23000 Zadar, Croatia Unaffiliated Zadar Croatia
| | - Karin Fletcher
- Port Orchard, Washington, 98366, USA Unaffiliated Port Orchard United States of America
| | - Kennet Lundin
- Gothenburg Natural History Museum, Box 7283, SE-40235, Gothenburg, Sweden Gothenburg Natural History Museum Gothenburg Sweden.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Alexander Martynov
- Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Str. 6, 125009 Moscow, Russia Moscow State University Moscow Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Quercia CA, Suárez-Villota EY, Foresti F, Nuñez JJ. Comparative cytogenetics of the ground frogs Eupsophus emiliopugini Formas, 1989 and E. vertebralis Grandison, 1961 (Alsodidae) with comments on their inter- and intraspecific chromosome differentiation. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2020; 14:61-74. [PMID: 32042378 PMCID: PMC6997241 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v14i1.46852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
South American frogs of the genus Eupsophus Fitzinger, 1843 comprise 10 species. Two of them, Eupsophus vertebralis Grandison, 1961 and E. emiliopugini Formas, 1989 belong to the Eupsophus vertebralis group, exhibiting 2n = 28. Fundamental number differences between these species have been described using conventional chromosome staining of few specimens from only two localities. Here, classical techniques (Giemsa, C-banding, CMA3/DAPI banding, and Ag-NOR staining), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH, with telomeric and 28S ribosomal probes), were applied on individuals of both species collected from 15 localities. We corroborate differences in fundamental numbers (FN) between E. vertebralis and E. emiliopugini through Giemsa staining and C-banding (FN = 54 and 56, respectively). No interstitial fluorescent signals, but clearly stained telomeric regions were detected by FISH using telomeric probe over spreads from both species. FISH with 28S rDNA probes and Ag-NOR staining confirmed the active nucleolus organizer regions signal on pair 5 for both species. Nevertheless, one E. emiliopugini individual from the Puyehue locality exhibited 28S ribosomal signals on pairs 4 and 5. Interestingly, only one chromosome of each pair showed Ag-NOR positive signals, showing a nucleolar dominance pattern. Chromosomal rearrangements, rRNA gene dosage control, mobile NORs elements, and/or species hybridization process could be involved in this interpopulation chromosomal variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila A. Quercia
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnólogicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Edificio Emilio Pugin, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Casilla 567, Valdivia, ChileUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Elkin Y. Suárez-Villota
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnólogicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Edificio Emilio Pugin, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Casilla 567, Valdivia, ChileUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Estadual PaulistaBotucatuBrazil
| | - José J. Nuñez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnólogicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Edificio Emilio Pugin, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Casilla 567, Valdivia, ChileUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Correa C, Durán F. Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. Zookeys 2019; 863:107-152. [PMID: 31341395 PMCID: PMC6639348 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.863.35484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Eupsophus (ground frogs) inhabits exclusively the temperate forests of southern South America (Chile and Argentina). The current delimitation of the genus was reached in the late 1970s, when only two species were recognized, but since then the number of described species steadily increased, reaching a maximum of 11 by 2012. Subsequent studies that applied explicit species delimitation approaches decreased the number of species to six in 2017 and raised it again to 11 the following year, including an undescribed putative species. Despite these taxonomic changes, the two species groups traditionally recognized, roseus and vertebralis, have been maintained. Another recent contribution to the taxonomy of the genus was the explicit recognition of the extremely high level of external phenotypic variation exhibited by species of the roseus group, which undermines the utility of some diagnostic characters. Here we provide a critical review of the extensive taxonomic and systematic literature on the genus over the last six decades, to examine the evidence behind the recurrent taxonomic changes and advances in its systematics. We also update and complete a 2017 review of geographic information, provide additional qualitative observations of external characters commonly used in the diagnoses of species of the roseus group, and reassess the phylogenetic position of a putative new species from Tolhuaca (Chile), which was not included in the last species delimitation study. The present review shows that: 1) there is no congruence between the patterns of phenotypic and genetic/phylogenetic differentiation among species of both groups; 2) in the roseus group, the intraspecific variation in some external characters is as high as the differences described among species; 3) there is little morphological and bioacoustic differentiation within species groups, and inconsistencies in the chromosomal evidence at the genus level; 4) under the latest taxonomic proposal (2018), species of the roseus group still lack consistent and reliable diagnoses and their distribution limits are poorly defined; and 5) the population from Tolhuaca represents an additional undescribed species under the most recent taxonomic framework. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for the taxonomy and biogeography of the genus, pointing out some areas that require further research to understand their patterns and processes of diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Correa
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, ChileUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| | - Felipe Durán
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, ChileUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
- Magíster en Ciencias con mención en Zoología, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, ChileUniversidad de ConcepciónConcepciónChile
| |
Collapse
|