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Denimal D. Rethinking 'good cholesterol' for cardiovascular risk stratification. QJM 2024; 117:243-245. [PMID: 37941442 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Denimal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Dijon University Hospital and University of Burgundy (UMR1231), Dijon, France
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2
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Seto Y, Nagao M, Iino T, Harada A, Murakami K, Miwa K, Shinohara M, Nishimori M, Yoshikawa S, Asakura J, Fujioka T, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Toh R. Impaired Cholesterol Uptake Capacity in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia and Diabetes Mellitus. J Appl Lab Med 2024:jfae024. [PMID: 38574000 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are a common metabolic abnormality associated with insulin resistance, their role in cardiovascular risk stratification remains controversial. Recently, we developed a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay system to evaluate the "cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)" as a novel concept for HDL functionality. In this study, we assessed the CUC in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus. METHODS The CUC was measured using cryopreserved serum samples from 285 patients who underwent coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention between December 2014 and May 2019 at Kobe University Hospital. RESULTS The CUC was significantly lower in diabetic patients (n = 125) than in nondiabetic patients (93.0 vs 100.7 arbitrary units (A.U.), P = 0.002). Patients with serum triglyceride (TG) levels >150 mg/dL (n = 94) also had a significantly lower CUC (91.8 vs 100.0 A.U., P = 0.004). Furthermore, the CUC showed a significant inverse correlation with TG, hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and body mass index (BMI). Finally, the HDL-C/Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio, calculated as a surrogate index of HDL particle size, was significantly positively correlated with the CUC (r2 = 0.49, P < 0.001), but inversely correlated with TG levels (r2 = -0.30, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The CUC decreased in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus, and HDL particle size was a factor defining the CUC and inversely correlated with TG levels, suggesting that impaired CUC in insulin-resistant states was partially due to the shift in HDL towards smaller particles. These findings provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying impaired HDL functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Seto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Iino
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Murakami
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishimori
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yoshikawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junko Asakura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Fujioka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Nursing Practice, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Suma-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
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3
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Sato M, Neufeld EB, Playford MP, Lei Y, Sorokin AV, Aponte AM, Freeman LA, Gordon SM, Dey AK, Jeiran K, Hamasaki M, Sampson ML, Shamburek RD, Tang J, Chen MY, Kotani K, Anderson JL, Dullaart RP, Mehta NN, Tietge UJ, Remaley AT. Cell-free, high-density lipoprotein-specific phospholipid efflux assay predicts incident cardiovascular disease. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165370. [PMID: 37471145 PMCID: PMC10503808 DOI: 10.1172/jci165370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDCellular cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events than HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) but is not suitable as a routine clinical assay.METHODSWe developed an HDL-specific phospholipid efflux (HDL-SPE) assay to assess HDL functionality based on whole plasma HDL apolipoprotein-mediated solubilization of fluorescent phosphatidylethanolamine from artificial lipid donor particles. We first assessed the association of HDL-SPE with prevalent coronary artery disease (CAD): study I included NIH severe-CAD (n = 50) and non-CAD (n = 50) participants, who were frequency matched for sex, BMI, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and smoking; study II included Japanese CAD (n = 70) and non-CAD (n = 154) participants. We also examined the association of HDL-SPE with incident CVD events in the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease (PREVEND) study comparing 340 patients with 340 controls individually matched for age, sex, smoking, and HDL-C levels.RESULTSReceiver operating characteristic curves revealed stronger associations of HDL-SPE with prevalent CAD. The AUCs in study I were as follows: HDL-SPE, 0.68; apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), 0.62; HDL-C, 0.63; and CEC, 0.52. The AUCs in study II were as follows: HDL-SPE, 0.83; apoA-I, 0.64; and HDL-C, 0.53. Also longitudinally, HDL-SPE was significantly associated with incident CVD events independent of traditional risk factors with ORs below 0.2 per SD increment in the PREVEND study (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONHDL-SPE could serve as a routine clinical assay for improving CVD risk assessment and drug discovery.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT01621594.FUNDINGNHLBI Intramural Research Program, NIH (HL006095-06).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Sato
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Community and Family Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan
- Biochemical Research Laboratory II, Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Edward B. Neufeld
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin P. Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander V. Sorokin
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Angel M. Aponte
- Proteomics Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lita A. Freeman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott M. Gordon
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Amit K. Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kianoush Jeiran
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Masato Hamasaki
- Division of Community and Family Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan
- Biochemical Research Laboratory II, Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Robert D. Shamburek
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jingrong Tang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcus Y. Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular CT, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Josephine L.C. Anderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Robin P.F. Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nehal N. Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Uwe J.F. Tietge
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan T. Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- The NIH Clinical Center and
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4
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Murakami K, Harada A, Toh R, Kubo T, Miwa K, Kim J, Kiriyama M, Iino T, Nishikawa Y, Uno SN, Akatsuchi K, Nagao M, Ishida T, Hirata KI. Fully automated immunoassay for cholesterol uptake capacity to assess high-density lipoprotein function and cardiovascular disease risk. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1899. [PMID: 36732570 PMCID: PMC9895055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), which is a conventional metric of HDL function, has been associated with coronary heart disease risk. However, the CEC assay requires cultured cells and takes several days to perform. We previously established a cell-free assay to evaluate cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC) as a novel measure of HDL functionality and demonstrated its utility in coronary risk stratification. To apply this concept clinically, we developed a rapid and sensitive assay system based on a chemiluminescent magnetic particle immunoassay. The system is fully automated, providing high reproducibility. Measurement of CUC in serum is completed within 20 min per sample without HDL isolation, a notably higher throughput than that of the conventional CEC assay. CUC decreased with myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of HDL or in the presence of N-ethylmaleimide, an inhibitor of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), whereas CUC was enhanced by the addition of recombinant LCAT. Furthermore, CUC correlated with CEC even after being normalized by ApoA1 concentration and was significantly associated with the requirement for revascularization due to the recurrence of coronary lesions. Therefore, our new assay system shows potential for the accurate measurement of CUC in serum and permits assessing cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Murakami
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Jeeeun Kim
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Maria Kiriyama
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Takuya Iino
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Youichi Nishikawa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | - Shin-Nosuke Uno
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, 4-4-4 Takatsukadai, Nishi-Ku, Kobe, 651-2271, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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5
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HDL Functions-Current Status and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010105. [PMID: 36671490 PMCID: PMC9855960 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Western countries. A low HDL-C is associated with the development of CVD. However, recent epidemiology studies have shown U-shaped curves between HDL-C and CVD mortality, with paradoxically increased CVD mortality in patients with extremely high HDL-C levels. Furthermore, HDL-C raising therapy using nicotinic acids or CETP inhibitors mostly failed to reduce CVD events. Based on this background, HDL functions rather than HDL-C could be a novel biomarker; research on the clinical utility of HDL functionality is ongoing. In this review, we summarize the current status of HDL functions and their future perspectives from the findings of basic research and clinical trials.
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Tada H, Okada H, Nohara A, Toh R, Harada A, Murakami K, Iino T, Nagao M, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Takamura M, Kawashiri MA. Impact of High-Density Lipoprotein Function, Rather Than High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level, on Cardiovascular Disease Among Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Circ J 2022; 87:806-812. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Hirofumi Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Atsushi Nohara
- Department of Genetics, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation
| | | | - Takuya Iino
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ken-ichi Hirata
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
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7
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Otsuka T. Is Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Evaluation Perfect? From the High-Density Lipoprotein Function Viewpoint. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:1271-1272. [PMID: 35650109 PMCID: PMC9444802 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Otsuka
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School
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8
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The role of HDL- and non-HDL-related parameters in cell-cholesterol efflux capacity. Atherosclerosis 2022; 345:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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The Cholesterol Uptake Capacity: The search for scalable HDL function tests continues. Atherosclerosis 2022; 345:39-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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HDL Is Not Dead Yet. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010128. [PMID: 35052806 PMCID: PMC8773442 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in multiple epidemiological studies, but whether HDL is causal or merely associated with CHD is unclear. Recent trials for HDL-raising drugs were either not effective in reducing CHD events or, if beneficial in reducing CHD events, were not conclusive as the findings could be attributed to the drugs’ LDL-reducing activity. Furthermore, the first large Mendelian randomization study did not causally relate HDL-C levels to decreased CHD. Thus, the hypothesis that HDL is protective against CHD has been rightfully challenged. However, subsequent Mendelian randomization studies found HDL characteristics that are causally related to decreased CHD. Many aspects of HDL structure and function, especially in reverse cholesterol transport, may be better indicators of HDL’s protective activity than simply measuring HDL-C. Cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with lower levels of prevalent and incident CHD, even after adjustment for HDL-C and apolipoprotein A-1 levels. Also, subjects with very high levels of HDL-C, including those with rare mutations that disrupt hepatic HDL uptake and reverse cholesterol transport, may be at higher risk for CHD than those with moderate levels. We describe here several cell-based and cell-free in vitro assays of HDL structure and function that may be used in clinical studies to determine which of HDL’s functions are best associated with protection against CHD. We conclude that the HDL hypothesis may need revision based on studies of HDL structure and function, but that the HDL hypothesis is not dead yet.
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11
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Fujimoto D, Otake H, Kawamori H, Toba T, Nagao M, Nakano S, Tanimura K, Takahashi Y, Fukuyama Y, Kakizaki S, Nakamura K, Harada A, Murakami K, Iino T, Toh R, Hirata KI. Cholesterol uptake capacity: A new measure of high-density lipoprotein functionality as a predictor of subsequent revascularization in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Atherosclerosis 2022; 345:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Saberi-Karimian M, Safarian-Bana H, Mohammadzadeh E, Kazemi T, Mansoori A, Ghazizadeh H, Samadi S, Nikbakht-Jam I, Nosrati M, Ferns GA, Esmaily H, Aghasizadeh M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. A pilot study of the effects of crocin on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol uptake capacity in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. Biofactors 2021; 47:1032-1041. [PMID: 34609029 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A randomized clinical trial high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC) is reduced in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We have assessed the effect of crocin supplementation on HDL CUC in patients with MetS. Forty-four subjects with MetS were randomly allocated to one of two groups: one group received placebo and the other group received crocin at a dose of 30 mg (two tablets of 15 mg per day) for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters were measured using an AutoAnalyzer BT3000 (BioTechnica). The modified CUC method is a cell free, simple, and high-throughput assay that used to evaluate HDL CUC of serum samples. The decision tree analysis was undertaken using JMP Pro (SAS) version 13. The mean age of the crocin and placebo groups were 38.97 ± 13.33 and 43.46 ± 12.77 years, respectively. There was a significant increase in serum HDL CUC in the crocin group compared to that of the placebo group in patients with MetS (p-value< 0.05). The decision tree analysis showed that serum HDL functionality was more important variable than HDL-C level in predicting patients with hypertension at baseline (p-value < 0.05). Crocin administration (30 mg for a period of 8 weeks) was found to improve serum HDL CUC in patients with MetS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: IRCT2013080514279N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Lung Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Safarian-Bana
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Mohammadzadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Razi Clinical Research Development Unit (RCRDU), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amin Mansoori
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Samadi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Irandokht Nikbakht-Jam
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Nosrati
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Aghasizadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Aghasizadeh M, Nosrati M, Saberi-Karimian M, Safarian H, Assadian P, Akbarpour E, Sahebkar A, Avan A, Ferns GA, Kazemi T, Miri-Moghaddam E, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association of ANGPTL3 polymorphisms with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol uptake capacity in patients with cardiovascular disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23980. [PMID: 34689370 PMCID: PMC8649373 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have shown the importance of angiopoietin‐like 3 (ANGPTL3) as a modulator of lipid profiles. Cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC) is one means for assessing high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality. This study for the first time has investigated the relationship between genetic ANGPTL3 polymorphism and CUC in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods Five hundred three subjects comprising 350 healthy subjects and 153 individuals who developed a cardiovascular disease (CVD) event during follow‐up were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) cohort study. A modified CUC method was used to determine the CUC of serum samples. Applied amplification refractory mutation system PCR was performed for ANGPTL3 variants genotyping including: rs10789117, rs1748195, and rs11207997. Sanger sequencing was applied to confirm the genotypes. Results The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the rs1748195 genotypes and HDL concentration in the CVD group (p = 0.02). Moreover, individuals with a GG genotype of the rs1748195 were associated with a lower risk of CVD (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.24–0.98, p = 0.04) compared with CC genotype in the CUC ≤ 1.7 a.u subgroup. Moreover, the CT genotype of rs11207997 was associated with a lower risk of CVD (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.41–1.3, p = 0.01) compared with CC genotype in CUC > 1.7 a.u subgroup. Conclusion The results showed that the CT genotype of the rs11207997 variant was associated with a lower risk of incident CVD in patients with higher HDL functionality. As well, the rs1748195 gene variant may contribute to a reduced risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Aghasizadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mina Nosrati
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Safarian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Assadian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ensieh Akbarpour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medicine Genetics Research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, Sussex, UK
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Razi Clinical Research Development Unit (RCRDU, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center & Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Zanotti I, Potì F, Cuchel M. HDL and reverse cholesterol transport in humans and animals: Lessons from pre-clinical models and clinical studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159065. [PMID: 34637925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to accept cholesterol from cells and to promote reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) represents the best characterized antiatherogenic function of HDL. Studies carried out in animal models have unraveled the multiple mechanisms by which these lipoproteins drive cholesterol efflux from macrophages and cholesterol uptake to the liver. Moreover, the influence of HDL composition and the role of lipid transporters have been clarified by using suitable transgenic models or through experimental design employing pharmacological or nutritional interventions. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), an in vitro assay developed to offer a measure of the first step of RCT, has been shown to associate with cardiovascular risk in several human cohorts, supporting the atheroprotective role of RCT in humans as well. However, negative data in other cohorts have raised concerns on the validity of this biomarker. In this review we will present the most relevant data documenting the role of HDL in RCT, as assessed in classical or innovative methodological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Potì
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine & Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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15
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Schachtl-Riess JF, Coassin S, Lamina C, Demetz E, Streiter G, Hilbe R, Kronenberg F. Lysis reagents, cell numbers, and calculation method influence high-throughput measurement of HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100125. [PMID: 34571016 PMCID: PMC8521207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) may protect against cardiovascular disease. However, CEC assays are not standardized, hampering their application in large cohorts and comparison between studies. To improve standardization, we systematically investigated technical differences between existing protocols that influence assay performance that have not been previously addressed. CEC was measured in 96-well plates using J774A.1 macrophages labeled with BODIPY-cholesterol and incubated for 4 h with 2% apolipoprotein B-depleted human serum. The time zero method, which calculates CEC using control wells, and the per-well method, which calculates CEC based on the actual content of BODIPY-cholesterol in each well, were compared in 506 samples. We showed that the per-well method had a considerably lower sample rejection rate (4.74% vs. 13.44%) and intra-assay (4.48% vs. 5.28%) and interassay coefficients of variation (two controls: 7.85%, 9.86% vs. 13.58%, 15.29%) compared with the time zero method. Correction for plate-to-plate differences using four controls on each plate also improved assay performance of both methods. In addition, we observed that the lysis reagent used had a significant effect. Compared with cholic acid, lysis with sodium hydroxide results in higher (P = 0.0082) and Triton X-100 in lower (P = 0.0028) CEC values. Furthermore, large cell seeding errors (30% variation) greatly biased CEC for both referencing methods (P < 0.0001) as measured by a resazurin assay. In conclusion, lysis reagents, cell numbers, and assay setup greatly impact the quality and reliability of CEC quantification and should be considered when this method is newly established in a laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna F Schachtl-Riess
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gertraud Streiter
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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16
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Effects of Elaidic Acid on HDL Cholesterol Uptake Capacity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093112. [PMID: 34578988 PMCID: PMC8464738 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently we established a cell-free assay to evaluate “cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)” as a novel concept for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality and demonstrated the feasibility of CUC for coronary risk stratification, although its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. HDL fluidity affects cholesterol efflux, and trans fatty acids (TFA) reduce lipid membrane fluidity when incorporated into phospholipids (PL). This study aimed to clarify the effect of TFA in HDL-PL on CUC. Serum was collected from 264 patients after coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention to measure CUC and elaidic acid levels in HDL-PL, and in vitro analysis using reconstituted HDL (rHDL) was used to determine the HDL-PL mechanism affecting CUC. CUC was positively associated with HDL-PL levels but negatively associated with the proportion of elaidic acid in HDL-PL (elaidic acid in HDL-PL/HDL-PL ratio). Increased elaidic acid-phosphatidylcholine (PC) content in rHDL exhibited no change in particle size or CUC compared to rHDL containing oleic acid in PC. Recombinant human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enhanced CUC, and LCAT-dependent enhancement of CUC and LCAT-dependent cholesterol esterification were suppressed in rHDL containing elaidic acid in PC. Therefore, CUC is affected by HDL-PL concentration, HDL-PL acyl group composition, and LCAT-dependent cholesterol esterification. Elaidic acid precipitated an inhibition of cholesterol uptake and maturation of HDL; therefore, modulation of HDL-PL acyl groups could improve CUC.
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17
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Oh H, Jung Y, Moon S, Hwang J, Ban C, Chung J, Chung WJ, Kweon DH. Development of End-Spliced Dimeric Nanodiscs for the Improved Virucidal Activity of a Nanoperforator. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36757-36768. [PMID: 34319090 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-bilayer nanodiscs (NDs) wrapped in membrane scaffold proteins (MSPs) have primarily been used to study membrane proteins of interest in a physiological environment. Recently, NDs have been employed in broader applications including drug delivery, cancer immunotherapy, bio-imaging, and therapeutic virucides. Here, we developed a method to synthesize a dimeric nanodisc, whose MSPs are circularly end-spliced, with long-term thermal stability and resistance to aggregation. The end-spliced nanodiscs (esNDs) were assembled using MSPs that were self-circularized inside the cytoplasm ofEscherichia colivia highly efficient protein trans-splicing. The esNDs demonstrated a consistent size and 4-5-fold higher stability against heat and aggregation than conventional NDs. Moreover, cysteine residues on trans-spliced circularized MSPs allowed us to modulate the formation of either monomeric nanodiscs (essNDs) or dimeric nanodiscs (esdNDs) by controlling the oxidation/reduction conditions and lipid-to-protein ratios. When the esdNDs were used to prepare an antiviral nanoperforator that induced the disruption of the viral membrane upon contact, antiviral activity was dramatically increased, suggesting that the dimerization of nanodiscs led to cooperativity between linked nanodiscs. We expect that controllable structures, long-term stability, and aggregation resistance of esNDs will aid the development of novel versatile membrane-mimetic nanomaterials with flexible designs and improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseok Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghun Jung
- Institute of Biomolecular Control, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokoh Moon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongjin Ban
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyo Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jae Chung
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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18
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Aghasizadeh M, Samadi S, Sahebkar A, Miri-Moghaddam E, Esmaily H, Souktanloo M, Avan A, Mansoori A, Ferns GA, Kazemi T, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Serum HDL cholesterol uptake capacity in subjects from the MASHAD cohort study: Its value in determining the risk of cardiovascular endpoints. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23770. [PMID: 34028874 PMCID: PMC8183926 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficiency of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to efflux cholesterol contributes to the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway as one of HDL's proposed functions and depends on the ability of HDL to uptake cholesterol. We aimed to investigate cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC) by a newly developed assay in samples from the MASHAD (Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorders) cohort study. METHOD The study population comprised 153 individuals developed CVD diagnosed by a specialist cardiologist, over 6 years of follow-up, and 350 subjects without CVD. We used a modified CUC method to evaluate the functionality of HDL in serum samples. RESULT The CUC assay was highly reproducible with values for inter- and intra-assay variation of 13.07 and 6.65, respectively. The mean serum CUC was significantly lower in the CVD group compared to control (p = 0.01). Although, there were no significant differences in serum HDL-C between the groups and there was no significantly association with risk of progressive CVD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significantly negative association between CUC and risk of CVD after adjustment for confounding parameters (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38-0.87, p = 0.009). The CUC was also inversely and independently associated with the risk of CVD event using Cox proportional hazards models analysis (HR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.41-0.94, p = 0.02). We determined the optimum cutoff value of 1.7 a.u for CUC in the population. Furthermore, the CUC value was important in determining the CVD risk stratification derived from data mining analysis. CONCLUSIONS Reduced HDL functionality, as measured by CUC, appears to predict CVD in population sample from north-eastern Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Aghasizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sara Samadi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohamad Souktanloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Mansoori
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Razi Clinical Research Development Unit (RCRDU), Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Iranian UNESCO Center of excellence for human nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Yubero-Serrano EM, Alcalá-Diaz JF, Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Arenas-de Larriva AP, Peña-Orihuela PJ, Blanco-Rojo R, Martinez-Botas J, Torres-Peña JD, Perez-Martinez P, Ordovas JM, Delgado-Lista J, Gómez-Coronado D, Lopez-Miranda J. Association between cholesterol efflux capacity and peripheral artery disease in coronary heart disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes: from the CORDIOPREV study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:72. [PMID: 33766036 PMCID: PMC7993540 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is recognized as a significant predictor of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). In fact, coexisting PAD and CHD is strongly associated with a greater coronary event recurrence compared with either one of them alone. High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is found to be inversely associated with an increased risk of incident CHD. However, this association is not established in patients with PAD in the context of secondary prevention. In this sense, our main aim was to evaluate the association between CEC and PAD in patients with CHD and whether the concurrent presence of PAD and T2DM influences this association. Methods CHD patients (n = 1002) from the CORDIOPREV study were classified according to the presence or absence of PAD (ankle-brachial index, ABI ≤ 0.9 and ABI > 0.9 and < 1.4, respectively) and T2DM status. CEC was quantified by incubation of cholesterol-loaded THP-1 cells with the participants' apoB-depleted plasma was performed. Results The presence of PAD determined low CEC in non-T2DM and newly-diagnosed T2DM patients. Coexisting PAD and newly-diagnosed T2DM provided and additive effect providing an impaired CEC compared to non-T2DM patients with PAD. In established T2DM patients, the presence of PAD did not determine differences in CEC, compared to those without PAD, which may be restored by glucose-lowering treatment. Conclusions Our findings suggest an inverse relationship between CEC and PAD in CHD patients. These results support the importance of identifying underlying mechanisms of PAD, in the context of secondary prevention, that provide potential therapeutic targets, that is the case of CEC, and establishing strategies to prevent or reduce the high risk of cardiovascular events of these patients. Trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00924937. Unique Identifier: NCT00924937![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan F Alcalá-Diaz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco M Gutierrez-Mariscal
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio P Arenas-de Larriva
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia J Peña-Orihuela
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth Blanco-Rojo
- Research and Development Department, Biosearch Life, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Martinez-Botas
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry-Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Instituto Ramón Y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRyCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose D Torres-Peña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Gómez-Coronado
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry-Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Instituto Ramón Y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria (IRyCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Sasaki M, Delawary M, Sakurai H, Kobayashi H, Nakao N, Tsuru H, Fukushima Y, Honzumi S, Moriyama S, Wada N, Kaneko T, Yamada K, Terasaka N, Kubota K. Novel LCAT (Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase) Activator DS-8190a Prevents the Progression of Plaque Accumulation in Atherosclerosis Models. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:360-376. [PMID: 33086872 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enhancement of LCAT (lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase) activity has possibility to be beneficial for atherosclerosis. To evaluate this concept, we characterized our novel, orally administered, small-molecule LCAT activator DS-8190a, which was created from high-throughput screening and subsequent derivatization. We also focused on its mechanism of LCAT activation and the therapeutic activity with improvement of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) functionality. Approach and Results: DS-8190a activated human and cynomolgus monkey but not mouse LCAT enzymes in vitro. DS-8190a was orally administered to cynomolgus monkeys and dose dependently increased LCAT activity (2.0-fold in 3 mg/kg group on day 7), resulting in HDL cholesterol elevation without drastic changes of non-HDL cholesterol. Atheroprotective effects were then evaluated using Ldl-r KO×hLcat Tg mice fed a Western diet for 8 weeks. DS-8190a treatment achieved significant reduction of atherosclerotic lesion area (48.3% reduction in 10 mg/kg treatment group). Furthermore, we conducted reverse cholesterol transport study using Ldl-r KO×hLcat Tg mice intraperitoneally injected with J774A.1 cells loaded with [3H]-cholesterol and confirmed significant increases of [3H] count in plasma (1.4-fold) and feces (1.4-fold on day 2 and 1.5-fold on day3) in the DS-8190a-treated group. With regard to the molecular mechanism involved, direct binding of DS-8190a to human LCAT protein was confirmed by 2 different approaches: affinity purification by DS-8190a-immobilized beads and thermal shift assay. In addition, the candidate binding site of DS-8190a in human LCAT protein was identified by photoaffinity labeling. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the potential of DS-8190a as a novel therapeutic for atherosclerosis. In addition, this compound proves that a small-molecule direct LCAT activator can achieve HDL-C elevation in monkey and reduction of atherosclerotic lesion area with enhanced HDL function in rodent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Sasaki
- Organic Synthesis Department (M.S., N.N.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mina Delawary
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Sakurai
- Discovery Science and Technology Department (H.S., Y.F., N.W., K.K.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Kobayashi
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories (H.K., T.K.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakao
- Organic Synthesis Department (M.S., N.N.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tsuru
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Fukushima
- Discovery Science and Technology Department (H.S., Y.F., N.W., K.K.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Honzumi
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Moriyama
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Wada
- Discovery Science and Technology Department (H.S., Y.F., N.W., K.K.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kaneko
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories (H.K., T.K.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamada
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Terasaka
- Biological Research Laboratories (M.D., H.T., S.H., S.M., K.Y., N.T.), Daiichi Sankyo, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuishi Kubota
- Discovery Science and Technology Department (H.S., Y.F., N.W., K.K.), Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare, Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Holme SAN, Sigsgaard T, Holme JA, Holst GJ. Effects of particulate matter on atherosclerosis: a link via high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality? Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:36. [PMID: 32753036 PMCID: PMC7409402 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution has been associated with adverse effects on human health, and ultimately increased morbidity and mortality. This is predominantly due to hazardous effects on the cardiovascular system. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is considered to be responsible for the most severe effects. MAIN BODY Here we summarize current knowledge from existing epidemiological, clinical and animal studies on the influence of PM exposure on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality and the potential initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. We highlight experimental studies that bring support to the causality and point to possible mechanistic links. Recent studies indicate that the functional properties of HDL are more important than the levels per se. Fine (PM2.5-0.1) and ultrafine (UFP) PM are composed of chemicals as well as biological elements that are redox-active and may trigger pro-inflammatory responses. Experimental studies indicate that these properties and responses may promote HDL dysfunction via oxidative pathways. By affecting protein and lipid components of the HDL particle, its anti-atherosclerotic characteristics including cholesterol efflux capacity, as well as other anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory features might be impaired. CONCLUSION Current literature suggests that PM promotes HDL dysfunction via oxidative pathways. However, as relatively few studies so far have evaluated the impact of particulate air pollution on HDL functionality, more human epidemiological as well as experimental studies are needed to strengthen any possible causal relationship and determine any relevance to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri A N Holme
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Research Unit of Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Department of Environmental Health, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gitte Juel Holst
- Research Unit of Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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22
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Niisuke K, Kuklenyik Z, Horvath KV, Gardner MS, Toth CA, Asztalos BF. Composition-function analysis of HDL subpopulations: influence of lipid composition on particle functionality. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:306-315. [PMID: 31953305 PMCID: PMC7053829 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition-function relationship of HDL particles and its effects on the mechanisms driving coronary heart disease (CHD) is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that the functionality of HDL particles is significantly influenced by their lipid composition. Using a novel 3D-separation method, we isolated five different-sized HDL subpopulations from CHD patients who had low preβ-1 functionality (low-F) (ABCA1-dependent cholesterol-efflux normalized for preβ-1 concentration) and controls who had either low-F or high preβ-1 functionality (high-F). Molecular numbers of apoA-I, apoA-II, and eight major lipid classes were determined in each subpopulation by LC-MS. The average number of lipid molecules decreased from 422 in the large spherical α-1 particles to 57 in the small discoid preβ-1 particles. With decreasing particle size, the relative concentration of free cholesterol (FC) decreased in α-mobility but not in preβ-1 particles. Preβ-1 particles contained more lipids than predicted; 30% of which were neutral lipids (cholesteryl ester and triglyceride), indicating that these particles were mainly remodeled from larger particles not newly synthesized. There were significant correlations between HDL-particle functionality and the concentrations of several lipids. Unexpectedly, the phospholipid:FC ratio was significantly correlated with large-HDL-particle functionality but not with preβ-1 functionality. There was significant positive correlation between particle functionality and total lipids in high-F controls, indicating that the lipid-binding capacity of apoA-I plays a major role in the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL particles. Functionality and lipid composition of HDL particles are significantly correlated and probably both are influenced by the lipid-binding capacity of apoA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Niisuke
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Katalin V. Horvath
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Michael S. Gardner
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Christopher A. Toth
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30341
| | - Bela F. Asztalos
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111
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23
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Oshita T, Toh R, Nagano Y, Kuroda K, Nagasawa Y, Harada A, Murakami K, Kiriyama M, Yoshikawa K, Miwa K, Kubo T, Iino T, Nagao M, Irino Y, Hara T, Shinohara M, Otake H, Shinke T, Nakajima K, Ishida T, Hirata KI. Association of cholesterol uptake capacity, a novel indicator for HDL functionality, and coronary plaque properties: An optical coherence tomography-based observational study. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:136-144. [PMID: 31972150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol efflux from atherosclerotic lesion is a key function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Recently, we established a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay to evaluate the capacity of HDL to accept additional cholesterol, which is herein referred to as "cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)". OBJECTIVE To clarify the cross-sectional relationship between CUC and coronary plaque properties. METHODS We enrolled 135 patients to measure CUC and assess the morphological features of angiographic stenosis by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We estimated the extent of the lipid-rich plaque by multiplying the mean lipid arc by lipid length (lipid index). The extent of the OCT-detected macrophage accumulation in the target plaque was semi-quantitatively estimated using a grading system. RESULTS Lipid-rich plaque lesions were identified in 125 patients (92.6%). CUC was inversely associated with the lipid index (R = -0.348, P < 0.0001). In addition, CUC was also inversely associated with macrophage score (R = -0.327, P < 0.0001). Conversely, neither circulating levels of HDL cholesterol nor apoA1 showed a similar relationship. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that CUC was inversely related to lipid-rich plaque burden and the extent of macrophage accumulation, suggesting that CUC could be useful for cardiovascular risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oshita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Nagano
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koji Kuroda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nagasawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Maria Kiriyama
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshikawa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Kubo
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuya Iino
- Central Research Laboratories, Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Otake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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24
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Kakino A, Usami Y, Horiuchi S, Fujita Y, Kotani K, Chen CH, Okamura T, Sawamura T. A Novel Cell-Free, Non-Fluorescent Method to Measure LOX-1-Binding Activity Corresponding to The Functional Activity of HDL. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:947-958. [PMID: 30944265 PMCID: PMC6845692 DOI: 10.5551/jat.47183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A functional abnormality in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles rather than a quantitative abnormality in HDL cholesterol levels has been suggested to promote atherosclerosis. The modification of HDL may underlie functional changes to HDL such as gaining the ability to bind and activate the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1). We aimed to develop a novel method for measuring modified HDL on the basis of its binding to LOX-1. METHODS We designed a LOX-1 binding-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with recombinant LOX-1 and anti-apoAI antibody. A lipid-free standard was devised by making a chimeric fusion protein containing anti-LOX-1 antibody and human apoAI fragment. We used this system to detect modified HDL, designated as LOX-1 ligand containing apoAI (LAA). RESULTS With our ELISA system, we detected HDL modified by copper oxidation, hypochlorous acid, 4-hydroxynonenal, and potassium cyanate, but not native HDL. Upon oxidation, HDL showed increased LOX-1 binding activity and decreased cholesterol efflux and paraoxonase-1 activities. In the ELISA, the chimeric fusion protein standard showed minimal variation in reference binding curves in contrast to copper-oxidized HDL preparations, suggesting better quality control of the chimeric fusion protein as the standard for measuring modified HDL activity. LAA was detectable in the plasma of healthy individuals and of mice fed a high-fat diet. CONCLUSION We have developed a novel ELISA by using recombinant LOX-1 and anti-apoAI antibody to measure the activity of modified HDL in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Kakino
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Research Center for Next Generation Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoko Usami
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Sayaka Horiuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Fujita
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Research Center for Next Generation Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Texas, USA
- Centers for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawamura
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Research Center for Next Generation Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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25
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Irino Y, Toh R, Ishida T. A Novel Indicator for HDL Functionality. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:945-946. [PMID: 31167979 PMCID: PMC6845690 DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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26
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Pedersbæk D, Kræmer MK, Kempen PJ, Ashley J, Braesch-Andersen S, Andresen TL, Simonsen JB. The Composition of Reconstituted High-Density Lipoproteins (rHDL) Dictates the Degree of rHDL Cargo- and Size-Remodeling via Direct Interactions with Endogenous Lipoproteins. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2634-2646. [PMID: 31487985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The application of reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) as a drug-carrier has during the past decade been established as a promising approach for effective receptor-mediated drug delivery, and its ability to target tumors has recently been confirmed in a clinical trial. The rHDL mimics the endogenous HDL, which is known to be highly dynamic and undergo extensive enzyme-mediated remodulations. Hence, to reveal the physiological rHDL stability, a thorough characterization of the dynamics of rHDL in biologically relevant environments is needed. We employ a size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) method to evaluate the dynamics of discoidal rHDL in fetal bovine serum (FBS), where we track both the rHDL lipids (by the fluorescence from lipid-conjugated fluorophores) and apoA-I (by human apoA-I ELISA). We show by using lipoprotein depleted FBS and isolated lipoproteins that rHDL lipids can be transferred to endogenous lipoproteins via direct interactions in a nonenzymatic process, resulting in rHDL compositional- and size-remodeling. This type of dynamics could lead to misinterpretations of fluorescence-based rHDL uptake studies due to desorption of labile lipophilic fluorophores or off-target side effects due to desorption of incorporated drugs. Importantly, we show how the degree of rHDL remodeling can be controlled by the compositional design of the rHDL. Understanding the correlation between the molecular properties of the rHDL constituents and their collective dynamics is essential for improving the rHDL-based drug delivery platform. Taken together, our work highlights the need to carefully consider the compositional design of rHDL and test its stability in a biological relevant environment, when developing rHDL for drug delivery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Pedersbæk
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Martin Kisha Kræmer
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Paul Joseph Kempen
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Jon Ashley
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | | | - Thomas L Andresen
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Jens B Simonsen
- Technical University of Denmark , Department of Health Technology , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
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27
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Neufeld EB, Sato M, Gordon SM, Durbhakula V, Francone N, Aponte A, Yilmaz G, Sviridov D, Sampson M, Tang J, Pryor M, Remaley AT. ApoA-I-Mediated Lipoprotein Remodeling Monitored with a Fluorescent Phospholipid. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:E53. [PMID: 31336888 PMCID: PMC6784057 DOI: 10.3390/biology8030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe simple, sensitive and robust methods to monitor lipoprotein remodeling and cholesterol and apolipoprotein exchange, using fluorescent Lissamine Rhodamine B head-group tagged phosphatidylethanolamine (*PE) as a lipoprotein reference marker. Fluorescent Bodipy cholesterol (*Chol) and *PE directly incorporated into whole plasma lipoproteins in proportion to lipoprotein cholesterol and phospholipid mass, respectively. *Chol, but not *PE, passively exchanged between isolated plasma lipoproteins. Fluorescent apoA-I (*apoA-I) specifically bound to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and remodeled *PE- and *Chol-labeled synthetic lipoprotein-X multilamellar vesicles (MLV) into a pre-β HDL-like particle containing *PE, *Chol, and *apoA-I. Fluorescent MLV-derived *PE specifically incorporated into plasma HDL, whereas MLV-derived *Chol incorporation into plasma lipoproteins was similar to direct *Chol incorporation, consistent with apoA-I-mediated remodeling of fluorescent MLV to HDL with concomitant exchange of *Chol between lipoproteins. Based on these findings, we developed a model system to study lipid transfer by depositing fluorescent *PE and *Chol-labeled on calcium silicate hydrate crystals, forming dense lipid-coated donor particles that are readily separated from acceptor lipoprotein particles by low-speed centrifugation. Transfer of *PE from donor particles to mouse plasma lipoproteins was shown to be HDL-specific and apoA-I-dependent. Transfer of donor particle *PE and *Chol to HDL in whole human plasma was highly correlated. Taken together, these studies suggest that cell-free *PE efflux monitors apoA-I functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Neufeld
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Masaki Sato
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Scott M Gordon
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vinay Durbhakula
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Francone
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Angel Aponte
- Proteomics Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gizem Yilmaz
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Denis Sviridov
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maureen Sampson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jingrong Tang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Milton Pryor
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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28
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Nagano Y, Otake H, Toba T, Kuroda K, Shinkura Y, Tahara N, Tsukiyama Y, Yanaka K, Yamamoto H, Nagasawa A, Onishi H, Sugizaki Y, Takeshige R, Harada A, Murakami K, Kiriyama M, Oshita T, Irino Y, Kawamori H, Ishida T, Toh R, Shinke T, Hirata K. Impaired Cholesterol-Uptake Capacity of HDL Might Promote Target-Lesion Revascularization by Inducing Neoatherosclerosis After Stent Implantation. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011975. [PMID: 30995875 PMCID: PMC6512103 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.011975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background We evaluated the importance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality for target-lesion revascularization in patients treated with coronary stents using a rapid cell-free assay system to evaluate the functional capacity of HDL to accept additional cholesterol (cholesterol-uptake capacity; CUC). Methods and Results From an optical coherence tomography (OCT) registry of patients treated with coronary stents, 207 patients were enrolled and their HDL was functionally evaluated by measuring the CUC. Follow-up OCT was performed (median duration, 24.5 months after stenting) to evaluate the presence of neoatherosclerosis. Clinical follow-up was performed to assess target-lesion revascularization for a median duration of 42.3 months after stent implantation. Neoatherosclerosis was identified in 37 patients (17.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a decreased CUC was independently associated with neoatherosclerosis (odds ratio, 0.799; P<0.001). The CUC showed a significant inverse correlation with incidence of target-lesion revascularization (odds ratio, 0.887; P=0.003) and with lipid accumulation inside stents, suggesting that neoatherosclerosis contributes to the association between CUC and target-lesion revascularization. Conclusions Impaired HDL functionality, detected as decreased CUC, might lead to future stent failure by provoking atherogenic changes of the neointima within stents. Both quantitative and qualitative assessments of HDL might enable the improved prediction of clinical outcomes after stent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nagano
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Hiromasa Otake
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Takayoshi Toba
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Koji Kuroda
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yuto Shinkura
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Natsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yoshiro Tsukiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Kenichi Yanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Akira Nagasawa
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Onishi
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yoichiro Sugizaki
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Ryo Takeshige
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Amane Harada
- Central Research LaboratoriesSysmex CorporationKobeJapan
| | | | - Maria Kiriyama
- Central Research LaboratoriesSysmex CorporationKobeJapan
| | - Toshihiko Oshita
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence‐based Laboratory MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawamori
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence‐based Laboratory MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Ken‐ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
- Division of Evidence‐based Laboratory MedicineKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
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29
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Toh R. Assessment of HDL Cholesterol Removal Capacity: Toward Clinical Application. J Atheroscler Thromb 2019; 26:111-120. [PMID: 30542002 PMCID: PMC6365149 DOI: 10.5551/jat.rv17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is a controversy regarding the causal relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), recent studies have demonstrated that the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL is associated with the incidence of CVD. However, there are several limitations to current assays of CEC. First, CEC measurements are not instantly applicable in clinical settings, because CEC assay methods require radiolabeled cholesterol and cultured cells, and these procedures are time consuming. Second, techniques to measure CEC are not standardized. Third, the condition of endogenous cholesterol donors would not be accounted for in the CEC assays. Recently, we established a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay system to evaluate the capacity of HDL to accept additional cholesterol, which is herein referred to as "cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)". We demonstrated that CUC represents a residual cardiovascular risk in patients with optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control independently of traditional risk factors, including HDL-C. Establishing reproducible approaches for the cholesterol removal capacity of HDL is required to validate the impact of dysfunctional HDL on cardiovascular risk stratification in the "real world".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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30
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Hirata A, Okamura T. Response to the letter entitled "Extremely high levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality" by Dr Kawada. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:1551. [PMID: 30448240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Hirata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The inverse association between HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been unequivocally proven in the past several decades. However, some interventions aiming to increase HDL-C failed to reduce CVD risk. HDL is structurally and functionally complex and HDL-associated metrics other than HDL-C, such as the concentration, composition, and functionality of HDL particles, have been considered as better determinants of CVD risk. A large body of recent research has addressed changes in HDL functions and HDL subpopulations in CVD with the goal of discovering novel and reliable biomarkers and targets for the treatment or prevention of CVD. RECENT FINDINGS We have reviewed recent findings on HDL composition, HDL particle concentrations, and cell-cholesterol efflux capacity that have lately contributed to our understanding of HDL's role in CVD. SUMMARY We point out that a major problem in HDL research is the lack of standardization of HDL assays that has led to discrepancies among studies. Therefore, there is a need for new standardized assays that capture the complexities of key HDL parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Niisuke
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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