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Qiao X, Yin J, Zheng Z, Li L, Feng X. Endothelial cell dynamics in sepsis-induced acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:241. [PMID: 38664775 PMCID: PMC11046830 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a prevalent critical condition in clinics, continues to be the leading cause of death from infections and a global healthcare issue. Among the organs susceptible to the harmful effects of sepsis, the lungs are notably the most frequently affected. Consequently, patients with sepsis are predisposed to developing acute lung injury (ALI), and in severe cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms associated with the onset of ALI/ARDS remain elusive. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the role of endothelial cells (ECs), a cell type integral to lung barrier function, and their interactions with various stromal cells in sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the involvement of endothelial cells and their intricate interplay with immune cells and stromal cells, including pulmonary epithelial cells and fibroblasts, in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS, with particular emphasis placed on discussing the several pivotal pathways implicated in this process. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic interventions for modulating the functions of endothelial cells, their interactions with immune cells and stromal cells, and relevant pathways associated with ALI/ARDS to present a potential therapeutic strategy for managing sepsis and sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Junhao Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihuan Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Liangge Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Xu Y, Xin J, Sun Y, Wang X, Sun L, Zhao F, Niu C, Liu S. Mechanisms of Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Advancements of Natural Small Molecules in Its Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:472. [PMID: 38675431 PMCID: PMC11054595 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), characterized by widespread lung dysfunction, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the lack of effective pharmacological treatments available clinically. Small-molecule compounds derived from natural products represent an innovative source and have demonstrated therapeutic potential against sepsis-induced ALI. These natural small molecules may provide a promising alternative treatment option for sepsis-induced ALI. This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis of sepsis and potential therapeutic targets. It assembles critical updates (from 2014 to 2024) on natural small molecules with therapeutic potential against sepsis-induced ALI, detailing their sources, structures, effects, and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Jianzeng Xin
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | - Yupei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Xuyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Lili Sun
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
| | - Changshan Niu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;
| | - Sheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.X.); (Y.S.); (X.W.)
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McMullan RR, McAuley DF, O'Kane CM, Silversides JA. Vascular leak in sepsis: physiological basis and potential therapeutic advances. Crit Care 2024; 28:97. [PMID: 38521954 PMCID: PMC10961003 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterised by endothelial barrier dysfunction and impairment of normal microcirculatory function, resulting in a state of hypoperfusion and tissue oedema. No specific pharmacological therapies are currently used to attenuate microvascular injury. Given the prominent role of endothelial breakdown and microcirculatory dysfunction in sepsis, there is a need for effective strategies to protect the endothelium. In this review we will discuss key mechanisms and putative therapeutic agents relevant to endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross R McMullan
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Critical Care, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Cecilia M O'Kane
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jonathan A Silversides
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University of Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
- Department of Critical Care, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
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Chi Y, Yu S, Yin J, Liu D, Zhuo M, Li X. Role of Angiopoietin/Tie2 System in Sepsis: A Potential Therapeutic Target. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2024; 30:10760296241238010. [PMID: 38449088 PMCID: PMC10921858 DOI: 10.1177/10760296241238010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a disorder of host response caused by severe infection that can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction. There is no specific treatment for sepsis. Although there are many different pathogens that can cause sepsis, endothelial dysfunction is a frequent mechanism resulting in vascular leakage and coagulation problem. Recent studies on the regulatory pathways of vascular endothelium have shown that the disturbance of angiopoietin (Ang) /Tie2 axis can induce endothelial cell activation, which is the core pathogenesis of sepsis. In this review, we aim to discuss the regulation of Ang/Tie2 axis and the biomarkers involved in the context of sepsis. Also, we attempt to explore the prospective and feasibility of Ang/Tie2 axis as a potential target for sepsis intervention to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Chi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Sihan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Danyan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mengke Zhuo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Heuberger D, Wendel-Garcia PD, Sazpinar O, Müller M, Klein H, Kim BS, Andermatt R, Erlebach R, Schuepbach RA, Buehler PK, David S, Hofmaenner DA. The Angiopoietin-2/Angiopoietin-1 ratio increases early in burn patients and predicts mortality. Cytokine 2023; 169:156266. [PMID: 37354645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiopoietin-2 (Angpt-2) is involved in the pathogenesis of the capillary leak syndrome in sepsis and has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes in diverse critical illnesses. It is however unclear whether Angpt-2 plays a similar role in severely burned patients during the early phase characterized by massive capillary leakage. Our aim was to analyze the Angiopoietin-2/Angiopoietin-1 ratio (Angpt-2/Angpt-1 ratio) over the first two days in critically ill burn patients and examine its association with survival and further clinical parameters. METHODS Adult burn patients with a total burn surface area (TBSA) ≥ 20% treated in the burn intensive care unit (ICU) of the University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland, were included. Serum samples were collected prospectively and serum Angpt-1 and Angpt-2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) over the first two days after burn insult and stratified according to survival status, TBSA and the abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI). Due to hemodilution in the initial resuscitation phase, the Angpt-2/Angpt-1 ratio was normalized to albumin. RESULTS Fifty-six patients were included with a median age of 51.5 years. Overall mortality was 14.3% (8/56 patients). The total amount of infused crystalloids was 12́902 ml (IQR 9́362-16́770 ml) at 24 h and 18́461 ml (IQR 13́024-23́766 ml) at 48 h. The amount of substituted albumin was 20 g (IQR 10-50 g) at 24 h and 50 g (IQR 20-60 g) at 48 h. The albumin-corrected Angpt-2/Angpt-1 ratios increased over the first 48 h after the burn insult (d0: 0.5 pg*l/ml*g [IQR 0.24 - 0.80 pg*l/ml*g]; d1: 0.83 pg*l/ml*g [IQR 0.29 - 1.98 pg*l/ml*g]; d2: 1.76 pg*l/ml*g [IQR 0.70 - 3.23 pg*l/ml*g]; p < 0.001) and were significantly higher in eventual ICU non-survivors (p = 0.005), in patients with a higher TBSA (p = 0.001) and in patients with a higher ABSI (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In analogy to the pathological host response in sepsis, the Angpt-2/Angpt-1 ratio steadily increases in the first two days in critically ill burn patients, suggesting a putative involvement in the pathogenesis of capillary leakage in burns. A higher Angpt-2/Angpt-1 ratio is associated with mortality, total burn surface area and burn scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Heuberger
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pedro David Wendel-Garcia
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Onur Sazpinar
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mattia Müller
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Holger Klein
- Plastic and Hand Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, CH-5001 Aarau, Switzerland.
| | - Bong-Sung Kim
- Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Rea Andermatt
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Rolf Erlebach
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Reto A Schuepbach
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Philipp K Buehler
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sascha David
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel A Hofmaenner
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zhang R, Dang X, Liu J, Feng H, Sun J, Peng Z. CIRCTDRD9 CONTRIBUTES TO SEPSIS-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY BY ENHANCING THE EXPRESSION OF RAB10 VIA DIRECTLY BINDING TO MIR-223-3P. Shock 2023; 60:206-213. [PMID: 37548713 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: The dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is involved in various human diseases, including sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We aimed to investigate the role of circTDRD9 in the development of sepsis-induced ALI. Methods: Cell models of sepsis-induced ALI were established by treating A549 cells with LPS. The expression of circTDRD9, miR-223-3p, and RAB10 mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The levels of inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA. Oxidative stress-related indicators were monitored by using commercial detection kits. The expression of fibrosis-related proteins was detected by Western blot assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by EdU assay. The predicted binding relationship between miR-223-3p and circTDRD9 or RAB10 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay or pull-down assay. Results: CircTDRD9 was highly expressed in LPS-treated A549 cells. CircTDRD9 downregulation prevented LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation inhibition, and cell fibrosis in A549 cells, whereas these effects were reversed by the inhibition of miR-223-3p, a target of circTDRD9. In addition, RAB10 was verified as a target of miR-223-3p, and RAB10 overexpression recovered LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation inhibition, and cell fibrosis in A549 cells that were ameliorated by miR-223-3p restoration. Importantly, circTDRD9 positively regulated RAB10 expression by binding to miR-223-3p. Conclusion: CircTDRD9 overexpression was closely associated with LPS-induced ALI. CircTDRD9 contributed to LPS-induced ALI partly by upregulating RAB10 via binding to miR-223-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Emergency Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Melegari G, Critelli RM, Lasagni S, Romagnoli D, Bertellini E, Villa E. Dynamic Angiopoietin-2 Serum Level as Endothelial Damage Marker and Potential Therapeutic Target. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1336-1337. [PMID: 36064255 PMCID: PMC9439706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Melegari
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Rosina M Critelli
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Lasagni
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Dante Romagnoli
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bertellini
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Hattori Y, Tang M, Torii S, Tomita K, Sagawa A, Inoue N, Yamagishi R, Ozaki KI. Optimal combination of cationic lipid and phospholipid in cationic liposomes for gene knockdown in breast cancer cells and mouse lung using siRNA lipoplexes. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:253. [PMID: 35686555 PMCID: PMC9218728 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Formulation of cationic liposomes is a key factor that determine the gene knockdown efficiency by cationic liposomes/siRNA complexes (siRNA lipoplexes). Here, to determine the optimal combination of cationic lipid and phospholipid in cationic liposomes for in vitro and in vivo gene knockdown using siRNA lipoplexes, three types of cationic lipid were used, namely 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) and 11-[(1,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)-2-((dodecanoyloxy)methyl)propan-2-yl)amino]-N,N,N-trimethyl-11-oxoundecan-1-aminium bromide (TC-1-12). Thereafter, 30 types of cationic liposome composed of each cationic lipid with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine containing saturated or unsaturated dialkyl chains (C14, C16, or C18) were prepared. The inclusion of phosphatidylethanolamine containing unsaturated and long dialkyl chains with DOTAP- or DDAB-based cationic liposomes induced strong luciferase gene knockdown in human breast cancer MCF-7-Luc cells stably expressing luciferase gene. Furthermore, the inclusion of phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylethanolamine containing saturated and short dialkyl chains or unsaturated and long dialkyl chains into TC-1-12-based cationic liposomes resulted in high gene knockdown efficacy. When cationic liposomes composed of DDAB/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), TC-1-12/DOPE and TC-1-12/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine were used, significant gene knockdown occurred in the lungs of mice following systemic injection of siRNA lipoplexes. Overall, the present findings indicated that optimal phospholipids in cationic liposome for in vitro and in vivo siRNA transfection were affected by the types of cationic lipid used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Satomi Torii
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kana Tomita
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Ayane Sagawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nodoka Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Reo Yamagishi
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
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Hattori Y, Saito H, Nakamura K, Yamanaka A, Tang M, Ozaki KI. In vitro and in vivo transfections using siRNA lipoplexes prepared by mixing siRNAs with a lipid-ethanol solution. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Li X, Ma L, Wei Y, Gu J, Liang J, Li S, Cui Y, Liu R, Huang H, Yang C, Zhou H. Cabozantinib ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation and bleomycin--induced early pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108327. [PMID: 34741997 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The lung, as the primary organ for gas exchange in mammals, is the main target organ for many pathogens and allergens, which may cause acute lung injury. A certain proportion of acute lung injury may progress into irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Both acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis have high mortality rates and few effective treatments. Cabozantinib is a multi-target small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been approved for the treatment of multiple malignant solid tumors. In this study, we explored the role of cabozantinib in acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. In the lipopolysaccharide and bleomycin induced mouse lung injury models, cabozantinib significantly improved the pathological state and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung tissues. In the bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis model, cabozantinib significantly reduced the area of pulmonary fibrosis and improved lung function in mice. The results of in vitro studies showed that cabozantinib could inhibit the inflammatory response and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells by inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. At the same time, cabozantinib could inhibit the activation of lung fibroblasts through suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, and promote the apoptosis of fibroblasts. In summary, cabozantinib could alleviate lung injury through regulating the TLR4 /NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, and alleviate pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinying Gu
- Tianjin Jikun Technology Co., Ltd. Tianjin 301700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyao Cui
- Tianjin Jikun Technology Co., Ltd. Tianjin 301700, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Jikun Technology Co., Ltd. Tianjin 301700, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China.
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Hattori Y, Saito H, Oku T, Ozaki KI. Effects of sterol derivatives in cationic liposomes on biodistribution and gene-knockdown in the lungs of mice systemically injected with siRNA lipoplexes. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:598. [PMID: 34165169 PMCID: PMC8240178 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cationic liposomes can be intravenously injected to deliver short interfering (si)RNAs into the lungs. The present study investigated the effects of sterol derivatives in systemically injected siRNA/cationic liposome complexes (siRNA lipoplexes) on gene-knockdown in the lungs of mice. Cationic liposomes composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane or dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) were prepared as a cationic lipid, with sterol derivatives such as cholesterol (Chol), β-sitosterol, ergosterol (Ergo) or stigmasterol as a neutral helper lipid. Transfected liposomal formulations composed of DDAB/Chol or DDAB/Ergo did not suppress the expression of the luciferase gene in LLC-Luc and Colon 26-Luc cells in vitro, whereas other formulations induced moderate gene-silencing. The systemic injection of siRNA lipoplexes formulated with Chol or Ergo into mice resulted in abundant siRNA accumulation in the lungs. In comparison, systemically injected DDAB/Chol or DDAB/Ergo lipoplexes of Tie2 siRNA effectively increased the suppression of the Tie2 mRNA expression in the lungs of mice. These findings indicated that DDAB/Chol and DDAB/Ergo liposomes could function as vectors for siRNA delivery to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromu Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
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12
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Dynamic angiopoietin-2 assessment predicts survival and chronic course in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Blood Adv 2021; 5:662-673. [PMID: 33560382 PMCID: PMC7876870 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the association between dynamic angiopoietin-2 assessment and COVID-19 short- and long-term clinical course. We included consecutive hospitalized patients from 1 February to 31 May 2020 with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 2 Italian tertiary referral centers (derivation cohort, n = 187 patients; validation cohort, n = 62 patients). Serum biomarker levels were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung tissue from 9 patients was stained for angiopoietin-2, Tie2, CD68, and CD34. Cox model was used to identify risk factors for mortality and nonresolving pulmonary condition. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to assess the accuracy of 3- and 10-day angiopoietin-2 for in-hospital mortality and nonresolving pulmonary condition, respectively. Three-day angiopoietin-2 increase of at least twofold from baseline was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality by multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 6.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.85-24.19; P = .004) with AUROC = 0.845 (95% CI, 0.725-0.940). Ten-day angiopoietin-2 of at least twofold from baseline was instead significantly associated with nonresolving pulmonary condition by multivariate analysis (HR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.34-11.77; P ≤ .0001) with AUROC = 0.969 (95% CI, 0.919-1.000). Patients with persistent elevation of 10-day angiopoietin-2 levels showed severe reticular interstitial thickening and fibrous changes on follow-up computed tomography scans. Angiopoietin-2 and Tie2 were diffusely colocalized in small-vessel endothelia and alveolar new vessels and macrophages. Angiopoietin-2 course is strongly associated with COVID-19 in-hospital mortality and nonresolving pulmonary condition. Angiopoietin-2 may be an early and useful predictor of COVID-19 clinical course, and it could be a relevant part of disease pathogenesis. Angiopoietin-2 blockade may be a COVID-19 treatment option.
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13
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Profiles of Differentially Expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in Phosgene-Induced Acute Lung Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6278526. [PMID: 33506021 PMCID: PMC7811572 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6278526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosgene exposure can cause acute lung injury (ALI), for which there is no currently available effective treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which have been proven to have therapeutic potential and be helpful in the treatment of various diseases, but the mechanisms underlying the function of MSCs against phosgene-induced ALI are still poorly explored. In this study, we compared the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the lung tissues from rats of three groups—air control (group A), phosgene-exposed (group B), and phosgene + MSCs (group C). The results showed that 389 mRNAs, 198 lncRNAs, and 56 circRNAs were differently expressed between groups A and B; 130 mRNAs, 107 lncRNAs, and 35 circRNAs between groups A and C; and 41 mRNAs, 88 lncRNAs, and 18 circRNAs between groups B and C. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the differentially expressed RNAs were mainly involved in signal transduction, immune system processes, and cancers. In addition, we used a database to predict target microRNAs (miRNAs) interacting with circRNAs and the R network software package to construct a circRNA-targeted miRNA gene network map. Our study showed new insights into changes in the RNA expression in ALI, contributing to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of MSCs in phosgene-induced ALI.
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14
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Vassiliou AG, Kotanidou A, Dimopoulou I, Orfanos SE. Endothelial Damage in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228793. [PMID: 33233715 PMCID: PMC7699909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is a metabolically active continuous monolayer of squamous endothelial cells that internally lines blood vessels and mediates key processes involved in lung homoeostasis. Many of these processes are disrupted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is marked among others by diffuse endothelial injury, intense activation of the coagulation system and increased capillary permeability. Most commonly occurring in the setting of sepsis, ARDS is a devastating illness, associated with increased morbidity and mortality and no effective pharmacological treatment. Endothelial cell damage has an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and several biomarkers of endothelial damage have been tested in determining prognosis. By further understanding the endothelial pathobiology, development of endothelial-specific therapeutics might arise. In this review, we will discuss the underlying pathology of endothelial dysfunction leading to ARDS and emerging therapies. Furthermore, we will present a brief overview demonstrating that endotheliopathy is an important feature of hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice G. Vassiliou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
| | - Stylianos E. Orfanos
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; (A.G.V.); (A.K.); (I.D.)
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 124 62 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-2107-235-521
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15
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The VE-PTP Inhibitor AKB-9778 Improves Antitumor Activity and Diminishes the Toxicity of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) Administration. J Immunother 2020; 42:237-243. [PMID: 31348125 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Administration of interleukin (IL)-2 has led to a durable response in patients with advanced renal cancer and melanoma but is restricted for clinical application because of adverse effects, including the vascular leak syndrome (VLS). VLS is associated with increased circulating levels of the Tie2 antagonist ligand, angiopoietin 2, and decreased Tie2 receptor phosphorylation and downstream signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Given that vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) is a specific membrane phosphatase in ECs that dephosphorylates Tie2, the effects of targeting VE-PTP by a selective inhibitor AKB-9778 (AKB) in terms of VLS and antitumor efficacy were examined in this study. The authors found, by targeting VE-PTP, that the antitumor effects induced by IL-2 were augmented [tumor-free 44% (IL-2 alone) vs. 87.5% (IL-2+AKB)], associated with enhanced immune cell infiltrate (90% increase for CD8 T cells and natural killer cells). In addition, the side effects of IL-2 therapy were lessened, as demonstrated by diminished lung weight (less vascular leakage) as well as reduced cytokine levels (serum HMGB1 from 137.04±2.69 to 43.86±3.65 pg/mL; interferon-γ from 590.52±90.52 to 31.37±1.14 pg/mL). The authors further sought to determine the potential mechanism of the action of AKB-9778. The findings suggest that AKB-9778 may function through reducing serum angiopoietin 2 level and regulating EC viability. These findings provide insights into the targeting VE-PTP to improve tolerance and efficacy of IL-2 therapy and highlight the clinical potential of AKB-9778 for treating patients with VLS and cancer.
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16
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Beurskens DMH, Bol ME, Delhaas T, van de Poll MCG, Reutelingsperger CPM, Nicolaes GAF, Sels JWEM. Decreased endothelial glycocalyx thickness is an early predictor of mortality in sepsis. Anaesth Intensive Care 2020; 48:221-228. [PMID: 32486831 PMCID: PMC7328096 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x20916471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microcirculatory alterations play an important role in the early phase of sepsis. Shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx is regarded as a central pathophysiological mechanism causing microvascular dysfunction, contributing to multiple organ failure and death in sepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether endothelial glycocalyx thickness at an early stage in septic patients relates to clinical outcome. We measured the perfused boundary region (PBR), which is inversely proportional to glycocalyx thickness, of sublingual microvessels (5-25 µm) using sidestream dark field imaging. The PBR in 21 patients with sepsis was measured within 24 h of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). In addition, we determined plasma markers of microcirculatory dysfunction and studied their correlation with PBR and mortality. Endothelial glycocalyx thickness in sepsis was significantly lower for non-survivors as compared with survivors, indicated by a higher PBR of 1.97 [1.85, 2.19]µm compared with 1.76 [1.59, 1.97] µm, P=0.03. Admission PBR was associated with hospital mortality with an area under the curve of 0.778 based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. Furthermore, PBR correlated positively with angiopoietin-2 (rho=0.532, P=0.03), indicative of impaired barrier function. PBR did not correlate with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV (APACHE IV), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA score), lactate, syndecan-1, angiopoietin-1 or heparin-binding protein. An increased PBR within the first 24 h after ICU admission is associated with mortality in sepsis. Further research should be aimed at the pathophysiological importance of glycocalyx shedding in the development of multi-organ failure and at therapies attempting to preserve glycocalyx integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlle MH Beurskens
- Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, the
Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht
University, the Netherlands
| | - Martine E Bol
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University
Medical Center, the Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism,
Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Tammo Delhaas
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht
University, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Maastricht University, the
Netherlands
| | - Marcel CG van de Poll
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University
Medical Center, the Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism,
Maastricht University, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, the
Netherlands
| | - Chris PM Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, the
Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht
University, the Netherlands
| | - Gerry AF Nicolaes
- Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, the
Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht
University, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem EM Sels
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University
Medical Center, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center,
the Netherlands
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17
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Dolmatova EV, Wang K, Mandavilli R, Griendling KK. The effects of sepsis on endothelium and clinical implications. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:60-73. [PMID: 32215570 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis accounts for nearly 700 000 deaths in Europe annually and is caused by an overwhelming host response to infection resulting in organ failure. The endothelium is an active contributor to sepsis and as such represents a major target for therapy. During sepsis, endothelial cells amplify the immune response and activate the coagulation system. They are both a target and source of inflammation and serve as a link between local and systemic immune responses. In response to cytokines produced by immune cells, the endothelium expresses adhesion molecules and produces vasoactive compounds, inflammatory cytokines, and chemoattractants, thus switching from an anticoagulant to procoagulant state. These responses contribute to local control of infection, but systemic activation can lead to microvascular thrombosis, capillary permeability, hypotension, tissue hypoxia, and ultimately tissue damage. This review focuses on the role of the endothelium in leucocyte adhesion and transmigration as well as production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, microRNAs and cytokines, formation of signalling microparticles, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. We also discuss alterations in endothelial permeability and apoptosis. Finally, we review the diagnostic potential of endothelial markers and endothelial pathways as therapeutic targets for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Dolmatova
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Keke Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rohan Mandavilli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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18
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Du Z, Tang CH, Li LJ, Kang L, Zhao J, Jin L, Wang CQ, Su CM. Angiopoietin-2 gene polymorphisms are biomarkers for the development and progression of colorectal cancer in Han Chinese. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:97-102. [PMID: 31929743 PMCID: PMC6945552 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.37675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in Han Chinese and is characterized by low rates of early diagnosis and poor survival rates. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), an endothelial tyrosine kinase, is involved in CRC progression, but little is known about the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diagnosis or prognosis of CRC. This study reports on the association between 5 SNPs of the Angpt2 gene (rs2442598, rs734701, rs1823375, 11137037, and rs12674822) and CRC susceptibility as well as clinical outcomes in 379 patients with CRC and in 1,043 cancer-free healthy controls. Carriers of the CG allele at rs1823375 and those with the GT+TT allele of the variant rs12674822 were at greater risk of CRC than their respective wild-type counterparts. Moreover, carriers of the GT or GT+TT allele in rs12674822 were significantly more likely to have tumor involvement in both the colon and rectum compared with wild-type (GG) carriers, while 5-year progression-free survival was also significantly worse in those carrying the GT+TT allele in rs12674822 compared with wild-type carriers. Our study is the first to describe correlations between Angpt2 polymorphisms and CRC development and progression in people of Chinese Han ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Du
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Le Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao-Qun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Yu Y, Fang H, Qiu Z, Xia Z, Zhou B. DHA Attenuates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Activating SSeCKS in Human Cerebrovascular Pericytes. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:310-321. [PMID: 31776970 PMCID: PMC6985071 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can alleviate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing blood–brain barrier permeability and maintaining its integrity, accompanied by an increased Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio; however, the underlying mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Src-suppressed C kinase substrates (SSeCKS), a substrate of protein kinase C, plays an important role in maintaining cell junctions and cell morphology and regulating cell permeability. However, whether DHA can increase SSeCKS expression and then mediate the Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio still needs to be studied. Human cerebrovascular pericytes (HBVPs) cultured in vitro were divided into groups, treated with or without DHA along with SSeCKS siRNA to knockdown SSeCKS expression, and then subjected to 24 h of hypoxia followed by 6 h of reoxygenation. Cell viability; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; and Ang-1, Ang-2 and VEGF activity were detected by using ELISA kits. The apoptosis rate was assessed by TUNEL flow cytometry. Expression of the SSeCKS, Ang-1, Ang-2 and VEGF proteins was evaluated by western blotting. Pretreatment with 10 μM or 40 μM DHA efficiently attenuated hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury by activating SSeCKS to increase the Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio and downregulate VEGF expression in HBVPs, as evidenced by decreased LDH release and apoptotic rates and increased HBVPs viability. Meanwhile, after we used SSeCKS siRNA to knock down SSeCKS protein expression, the protective effect of DHA on HBVPs following H/R injury was reversed. In conclusion, DHA can activate SSeCKS to increase the Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio and downregulate VEGF expression in HBVPs, thus reducing H/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Haibin Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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20
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Abstract
Sepsis remains a major scientific and medical challenge, for which, apart from significant refinements in supportive therapy, treatment has barely changed over the last few decades. During sepsis, both vascular tone and vascular integrity are compromised, and contribute to the development of shock. The free circulating peptide adrenomedullin (ADM) is involved in the regulation of the endothelial barrier function and tone of blood vessels. Several animal studies have shown that ADM administration improves outcome of sepsis. However, in higher dosages, ADM administration may cause hypotension, limiting its clinical applicability. Moreover, ADM has a very short half-life and easily adheres to surfaces, further hampering its clinical use. The non-neutralizing anti-ADM antibody Adrecizumab (HAM8101) which causes a long-lasting increase of plasma ADM has shown promising results in animal models of systemic inflammation and sepsis; it reduced inflammation, attenuated vascular leakage, and improved hemodynamics, kidney function, and survival. Combined with an excellent safety profile derived from animal and phase I human studies, Adrecizumab represents a promising candidate drug for the adjunctive treatment of sepsis. In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the currently available data on the role of adrenomedullin in sepsis and describe its effects on endothelial barrier function and vasodilation. Furthermore, we provide a novel hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of action through which Adrecizumab may exert its beneficial effects in sepsis.
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21
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Hattori Y, Tamaki K, Ozaki KI, Kawano K, Onishi H. Optimized combination of cationic lipids and neutral helper lipids in cationic liposomes for siRNA delivery into the lung by intravenous injection of siRNA lipoplexes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Singh S, Anupriya MG, Modak A, Sreekumar E. Dengue virus or NS1 protein induces trans-endothelial cell permeability associated with VE-Cadherin and RhoA phosphorylation in HMEC-1 cells preventable by Angiopoietin-1. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1658-1670. [PMID: 30355397 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A transient increase in trans-endothelial cell permeability in dengue patients leads to vascular leakage and shock syndrome. Here, we analysed the molecular mechanisms that cause permeability changes in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) using a direct dengue virus (DENV) infection model or treatment with NS1, a secreted DENV non-structural protein. In HMEC-1 cells, both treatments increase permeability with a concordant increase in the secretion of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). There is phosphorylation and loss of the junction protein VE-Cadherin from the inter-endothelial cell junctions and phosphorylation of RhoA. Direct virus infection results in activation of Src by phosphorylation, whereas NS1 treatment alone does not lead to Src activation. Furthermore, treatment with recombinant Ang-1, a physiological antagonist of Ang-2, prevents Ang-2 release, VE-Cadherin phosphorylation and internalization, and phosphorylation of RhoA and Src, resulting in restoration of barrier function. The permeability increase could also be prevented by blocking the Ang1/2 signalling receptor, Tie-2, or using a Rho/ROCK-specific inhibitor. Dasatinib, a Src-family kinase (SFK) inhibitor that inhibits Src phosphorylation, prevents enhanced permeability induced by direct DENV infection whereas in NS1 protein-treated cells its effect is less significant. The results provide important insights on the mechanisms of increased trans-endothelial permeability in DENV infection, and suggest the therapeutic potential of using recombinant Ang-1 or targeting these key molecules to prevent vascular leakage in dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Singh
- Molecular Virology laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - M G Anupriya
- Molecular Virology laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Ayan Modak
- Molecular Virology laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
| | - Easwaran Sreekumar
- Molecular Virology laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram-695014, Kerala, India
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23
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Hattori Y, Nakamura M, Takeuchi N, Tamaki K, Shimizu S, Yoshiike Y, Taguchi M, Ohno H, Ozaki KI, Onishi H. Effect of cationic lipid in cationic liposomes on siRNA delivery into the lung by intravenous injection of cationic lipoplex. J Drug Target 2018; 27:217-227. [PMID: 30024300 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1502775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes composed of dialkyl cationic lipid such as 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) can efficiently deliver siRNA to the lungs following the intravenous injection of cationic liposome/siRNA complexes (lipoplexes). In this study, we examined the effect of cationic lipid of cationic liposomes on siRNA delivery to the lungs after intravenous injection. We used six kinds of cationic cholesterol derivatives and 11 kinds of dialkyl or trialkyl cationic lipids as cationic lipids, and prepared 17 kinds of cationic liposomes composed of a cationic lipid and 1,2-dioleoyl-L-α-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) for evaluation of siRNA biodistribution and in vivo gene silencing effects. Among cationic liposomes, those composed of N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylhexadecan-1-aminium bromide (DC-1-16), N,N-dimethyl-N-octadecyloctadecan-1-aminium bromide (DC-1-18), 2-((1,5-bis(octadecyloxy)-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl)amino)-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-oxoethan-1-aminium chloride (DC-3-18D), 11-((1,3-bis(dodecanoyloxy)-2-((dodecanoyloxy)methyl)propan-2-yl)amino)-N,N,N-trimethyl-11-oxoundecan-1-aminium bromide (TC-1-12), or cholesteryl (3-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)propyl)carbamate hydroiodide (HAPC-Chol) with DOPE exhibited high accumulation of siRNA in the lung and significant suppression of Tie2 mRNA expression after the intravenous injection of cationic lipoplexes with Tie2 siRNA. Furthermore, DC-1-16/DOPE and DC-1-18/DOPE lipoplexes with protein kinase N3 (PKN3) siRNA could suppress the tumour growth when intravenously injected into mice with lung LLC metastasis. These findings indicate that the siRNA biodistribution and in vivo knockdown efficiency after the intravenous injection of cationic lipoplexes were strongly affected by the type of cationic lipid of cationic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Hattori
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mari Nakamura
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Nozomi Takeuchi
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kyoko Tamaki
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Satono Shimizu
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshiike
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masamitsu Taguchi
- b Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- b Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Ozaki
- c Education and Research Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Takatsuki , Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- a Department of Drug Delivery Research , Hoshi University , Tokyo , Japan
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24
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Combined delivery of angiopoietin-1 gene and simvastatin mediated by anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antibody-conjugated ternary nanoparticles for acute lung injury therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:25-36. [PMID: 30193816 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment for acute lung injury (ALI) is in high demand. Lung-targeted ternary nanoparticles containing anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) antibody-conjugated simvastatin-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (ICAM/NLC), protamine (Pro), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) gene (ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang) were developed for ALI therapy. The ternary nanoparticles with different weight ratios of ICAM-NLC to Ang-1 gene were prepared via charge interaction. The anti-ICAM-1 antibody-conjugated ternary nanoparticles exhibited higher cellular uptake and transfection efficiency (from 26.7% to 30.9%) in human vascular endothelial cell line EAhy926 than the non-targeted control. The largest size of ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang (357.1 nm) was employed for further study, which significantly up-regulated in vitro and in vivo Ang-1 protein expression. In vivo i.v. administration of ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang (357.1 nm) significantly attenuated pulmonary TNF-α and IL-6 levels, inflammatory cell infiltration, and led to positive histological improvements in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI mice. Collectively, the ICAM-NLC/Pro/Ang that co-delivered simvastatin and Ang-1 gene may represent a potential treatment modality for ALI.
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25
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Statz S, Sabal G, Walborn A, Williams M, Hoppensteadt D, Mosier M, Rondina M, Fareed J. Angiopoietin 2 Levels in the Risk Stratification and Mortality Outcome Prediction of Sepsis-Associated Coagulopathy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:1223-1233. [PMID: 29996658 PMCID: PMC6714761 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618786029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2), a glycoprotein involved in activation of the endothelium, plays an integral role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and many other inflammatory conditions. However, the role of Ang-2 in sepsis-associated coagulopathy (SAC) specifically has not been defined. The aim of this study was to measure Ang-2 plasma levels in patients with sepsis and suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in order to demonstrate its predictive value in SAC severity determination and 28-day mortality outcome. Plasma samples were collected from 102 patients with sepsis and suspected DIC at intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The Ang-2 plasma levels were quantified using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis DIC scoring system was used to compare the accuracy of Ang-2 levels versus clinical illness severity scores in predicting SAC severity. Mean Ang-2 levels in patients with sepsis and DIC were significantly higher in comparison to healthy controls (P < 0.0001), and median Ang-2 levels showed a downward trend over time (P = 0.0008). Baseline Ang-2 levels and clinical illness severity scores were higher with increasing severity of disease, and Ang-2 was a better predictor of DIC severity than clinical illness scores. This study demonstrates that Ang-2 levels are significantly upregulated in SAC, and this biomarker can be used to risk stratify patients with sepsis into non-overt DIC and overt DIC. Furthermore, the Ang-2 level at ICU admission in a patient with sepsis and suspected DIC may provide a predictive biomarker for mortality outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Statz
- 1 Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Giselle Sabal
- 1 Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Amanda Walborn
- 1 Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Health Sciences Division, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Mosier
- 4 Department of General Surgery, Surgical and Burn Specialists at Emanuel, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Matthew Rondina
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jawed Fareed
- 3 Department of Pathology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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26
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Leligdowicz A, Richard-Greenblatt M, Wright J, Crowley VM, Kain KC. Endothelial Activation: The Ang/Tie Axis in Sepsis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:838. [PMID: 29740443 PMCID: PMC5928262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection that causes life-threatening organ dysfunction, is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with no specific treatment. Although sepsis can be caused by a wide variety of pathogenic organisms, endothelial dysfunction leading to vascular leak is a common mechanism of injury that contributes to the morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome. Perturbations to the angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie2 axis cause endothelial cell activation and contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis. In this review, we summarize how the Ang/Tie2 pathway is implicated in sepsis and describe its prognostic as well as therapeutic utility in life-threatening infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Leligdowicz
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Richard-Greenblatt
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Wright
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Valerie M Crowley
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin C Kain
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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27
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Loganathan K, Salem Said E, Winterrowd E, Orebrand M, He L, Vanlandewijck M, Betsholtz C, Quaggin SE, Jeansson M. Angiopoietin-1 deficiency increases renal capillary rarefaction and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189433. [PMID: 29293543 PMCID: PMC5749705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Presence of tubulointerstitial fibrosis is predictive of progressive decline in kidney function, independent of its underlying cause. Injury to the renal microvasculature is a major factor in the progression of fibrosis and identification of factors that regulate endothelium in fibrosis is desirable as they might be candidate targets for treatment of kidney diseases. The current study investigates how loss of Angipoietin-1 (Angpt1), a ligand for endothelial tyrosine-kinase receptor Tek (also called Tie2), affects tubulointerstitial fibrosis and renal microvasculature. Inducible Angpt1 knockout mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to induce fibrosis, and kidneys were collected at different time points up to 10 days after obstruction. Staining for aSMA showed that Angpt1 deficient kidneys had significantly more fibrosis compared to wildtype mice 3, 6, and 10 days after UUO. Further investigation 3 days after UUO showed a significant increase of Col1a1 and vimentin in Angpt1 deficient mice, as well as increased gene expression of Tgfb1, Col1a1, Fn1, and CD44. Kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim1/Havcr1) was significantly more increased in Angpt1 deficient mice 1 and 3 days after UUO, suggesting a more severe injury early in the fibrotic process in Angpt1 deficient mice. Staining for endomucin showed that capillary rarefaction was evident 3 days after UUO and Angpt1 deficient mice had significantly less capillaries 6 and 10 days after UUO compared to UUO kidneys in wildtype mice. RNA sequencing revealed downregulation of several markers for endothelial cells 3 days after UUO, and that Angpt1 deficient mice had a further downregulation of Emcn, Plvap, Pecam1, Erg, and Tek. Our results suggest that loss of Angpt1 is central in capillary rarefaction and fibrogenesis and propose that manipulations to maintain Angpt1 levels may slow down fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebtisam Salem Said
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emily Winterrowd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martina Orebrand
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Susan E. Quaggin
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Marie Jeansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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28
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Schlosser K, Taha M, Deng Y, McIntyre LA, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ. High circulating angiopoietin-2 levels exacerbate pulmonary inflammation but not vascular leak or mortality in endotoxin-induced lung injury in mice. Thorax 2017; 73:248-261. [PMID: 28947667 PMCID: PMC5870448 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Elevated plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) have been reported in patients with acute lung injury (ALI); however, it remains unclear whether this increase contributes to, or just marks, the underlying vasculopathic inflammation and leak associated with ALI. Here we investigated the biological consequences of inducing high circulating levels of ANGPT2 in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced ALI. Methods Transgenic mice (ANGPT2OVR) with elevated circulating levels of ANGPT2, achieved through conditional hepatocyte-specific overexpression, were examined from 3 to 72 hours following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. An aptamer-based inhibitor was used to neutralise the effects of circulating ANGPT2 in LPS-exposed ANGPT2OVR mice. Results Total cells, neutrophils and macrophages, as well as inflammatory cytokines, were significantly higher in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of ANGPT2OVR versus littermate controltTA mice at 48 hours and 6 hours post-LPS, respectively. In contrast, LPS-induced vascular leak, evidenced by total BAL protein levels and lung wet/dry ratio, was unchanged between ANGPT2OVR and controlstTA, while BAL levels of IgM and albumin were decreased in ANGPT2OVR mice between 24 hours and 48 hours suggesting a partial attenuation of vascular leak. There was no significant difference in LPS-induced mortality between ANGPT2OVR and controlstTA. An ANGPT2-neutralising aptamer partially attenuated alveolar cell infiltration while exacerbating vascular leak in LPS-exposed ANGPT2OVR mice, supported by underlying time-dependent changes in the lung transcriptional profiles of multiple genes linked to neutrophil recruitment/adhesion and endothelial integrity. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high circulating ANGPT2 potentiates endotoxin-induced lung inflammation but may also exert other pleiotropic effects to help fine-tune the vascular response to lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Schlosser
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohamad Taha
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yupu Deng
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauralyn A McIntyre
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Wang H, Cade BE, Chen H, Gleason KJ, Saxena R, Feng T, Larkin EK, Vasan RS, Lin H, Patel SR, Tracy RP, Liu Y, Gottlieb DJ, Below JE, Hanis CL, Petty LE, Sunyaev SR, Frazier-Wood AC, Rotter JI, Post W, Lin X, Redline S, Zhu X. Variants in angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) contribute to variation in nocturnal oxyhaemoglobin saturation level. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 25:5244-5253. [PMID: 27798093 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic determinants of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), a common set of disorders that contribute to significant cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric morbidity, are not clear. Overnight nocturnal oxygen saturation (SaO2) is a clinically relevant and easily measured indicator of SDB severity but its genetic contribution has never been studied. Our recent study suggests nocturnal SaO2 is heritable. We performed linkage analysis, association analysis and haplotype analysis of average nocturnal oxyhaemoglobin saturation in participants in the Cleveland Family Study (CFS), followed by gene-based association and additional tests in four independent samples. Linkage analysis identified a peak (LOD = 4.29) on chromosome 8p23. Follow-up association analysis identified two haplotypes in angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) that significantly contributed to the variation of SaO2 (P = 8 × 10-5) and accounted for a portion of the linkage evidence. Gene-based association analysis replicated the association of ANGPT2 and nocturnal SaO2. A rare missense SNP rs200291021 in ANGPT2 was associated with serum angiopoietin-2 level (P = 1.29 × 10-4), which was associated with SaO2 (P = 0.002). Our study provides the first evidence for the association of ANGPT2, a gene previously implicated in acute lung injury syndromes, with nocturnal SaO2, suggesting that this gene has a broad range of effects on gas exchange, including influencing oxygenation during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J Gleason
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Pain, and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emma K Larkin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Preventive Medicine & Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel J Gottlieb
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Sleep Disorders Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shamil R Sunyaev
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Post
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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30
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Minhas N, Xue M, Jackson CJ. Activated protein C binds directly to Tie2: possible beneficial effects on endothelial barrier function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1895-1906. [PMID: 28005151 PMCID: PMC11107519 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Activated protein C (APC) is a natural anticoagulant with strong anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and barrier stabilizing properties. These cytoprotective properties of APC are thought to be exerted through its pathway involving the binding of APC to endothelial protein C receptor and cleavage of protease-activated receptors. In this study, we found that APC enhanced endothelial barrier integrity via a novel pathway, by binding directly to and activating Tie2, a transmembrane endothelial tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding assays demonstrated that APC competed with the only known ligands of Tie2, the angiopoietins (Angs). APC bound directly to Tie2 (Kd ~3 nM), with markedly stronger binding affinity than Ang2. After binding, APC rapidly activated Tie2 to enhance endothelial barrier function as shown by Evan's blue dye transfer across confluent cell monolayers and in vivo studies. Blocking Tie2 restricted endothelial barrier integrity. This study highlights a novel mechanism by which APC binds directly to Tie2 to enhance endothelial barrier integrity, which helps to explain APC's protective effects in vascular leakage-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Minhas
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 10, The Kolling Building, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 10, The Kolling Building, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Christopher J Jackson
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratories, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 10, The Kolling Building, St. Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
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31
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Validation of two multiplex platforms to quantify circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial injury in severe infection. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175130. [PMID: 28419100 PMCID: PMC5395141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers can prognosticate outcome and enable risk-stratification. In severe infection, focusing on multiple markers reflecting pathophysiological mechanisms of organ injury could enhance management and pathway-directed therapeutics. Limited data exist on the performance of multiplex biomarker platforms. Our goal was to compare endothelial and immune activation biomarkers in severe pediatric infections using two multiplex platforms. Frozen plasma from 410 children presenting to the Jinja Regional Hospital in Uganda with suspected infection was used to measure biomarkers of endothelial (Angiopoietin-2, sFlt-1, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1) and immune (IL-6, IP-10, sTNFR-1, CHI3L1) activation. Two multiplex platforms (Luminex®, EllaTM) based on monoclonal antibody sandwich immunoassays using biotin-streptavidin conjugate chemistry were selected with reagents from R&D Systems. The two platforms differed in ease and time of completion, number of samples per assay, and dynamic concentration range. Intra-assay variability assessed using a coefficient of variation (CV%) was 2.2–3.4 for Luminex® and 1.2–2.9 for EllaTM. Correlations for biomarker concentrations within dynamic range of both platforms were best for IL-6 (ρ = 0.96, p<0.0001), IP-10 (ρ = 0.94, p<0.0001) and sFlt-1 (ρ = 0.94, p<0.0001). Agreement between concentrations obtained by both methods assessed by the Bland-Altman test varied, with best agreement for CHI3L1. Our data suggest that biomarkers of endothelial and immune activation can be readily measured with multiplex platforms. Luminex® and EllaTM produced reliable results with excellent CV% values. The EllaTM platform was more automated and completed in 75 minutes, potentially compatible with near-patient use. Trends in concentrations obtained by these methods were highly correlated, although absolute values varied, suggesting caution is required when comparing data from different multiplex platforms.
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32
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de Jong GM, Slager JJ, Verbon A, van Hellemond JJ, van Genderen PJJ. Systematic review of the role of angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 in Plasmodium species infections: biomarkers or therapeutic targets? Malar J 2016; 15:581. [PMID: 27905921 PMCID: PMC5134107 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levels of both angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) correlate with malaria disease severity and are proposed as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets. To establish their role in malaria, a systematic review was performed of the literature on Ang-1 and Ang-2 with regard to their potential as biomarkers in malaria and discuss their possible place in adjuvant treatment regimens. METHODS Ten electronic databases were systematically searched to identify studies investigating Ang-1 and Ang-2 in human and murine malaria in both clinical and experimental settings. Information about the predictive value of Ang-1 and Ang-2 for disease severity and their regulatory changes in interventional studies were extracted. RESULTS Some 579 studies were screened; 26 were included for analysis. In all five studies that determined Ang-1 levels and in all 11 studies that determined Ang-2 in different disease severity states in falciparum malaria, a decline in Ang-1 and an increase of Ang-2 levels was associated with increasing disease severity. All nine studies that determined angiopoietin levels in Plasmodium falciparum patients to study their ability as biomarkers could distinguish between multiple disease severity states; the more the disease severity states differed, the better they could be distinguished. Five studies differentiating malaria survivors from non-survivors with Ang-2 as marker found an AUROC in a range of 0.71-0.83, which performed as well or better than lactate. Prophylactic administration of FTY720, rosiglitazone or inhalation of nitric oxide (NO) during malaria disease in mice resulted in an increase in Ang-1, a decrease in Ang-2 and an increased survival. For rosiglitazone, a decrease in Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio was observed after post-infection treatment in mice and humans with malaria, but for inhalation of NO, an effect on Ang-1 and survival was only observed in mice. CONCLUSION Both Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels correlate with and can distinguish between malaria disease severity states within the group of malaria-infected patients. However, distinct comparisons of disease severity states were made in distinct studies and not all distinctions made had clinical relevance. Changes in levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 might also reflect treatment effectiveness and are promising therapeutic targets as part of multi-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerdie M. de Jong
- Institute for Tropical Diseases, Harbour Hospital, Haringvliet 2, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J. Slager
- Institute for Tropical Diseases, Harbour Hospital, Haringvliet 2, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies Verbon
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap J. van Hellemond
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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33
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Lee JY, Linge HM, Ochani K, Lin K, Miller EJ. Regulation of angiopoietin-2 secretion from human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Exp Lung Res 2016; 42:335-345. [PMID: 27585839 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2016.1218977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is characterized by dysregulated systemic inflammation and cytokine storm. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is known to closely correlate with severity of sepsis-related acute lung injury and mortality. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms involved in Ang-2 secretion to better understand the pathophysiology of sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The concentration of Ang-2 was assessed in culture medium of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in the presence or absence of Gram-positive bacteria cell wall components [lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN)] stimulation at different time points ranging from 15 minutes to 24 hours. Constitutive and LTA-PGN-stimulated Ang-2 level changes were also assessed after cells were pretreated with different pathway inhibitors for 1 hour. RESULTS Two distinctive mechanisms of Ang-2 secretion, constitutive and stimulated secretion, were identified. Constitutive secretion resulted in slow but continuous increase in Ang-2 in culture medium over time. It was regulated by 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA)-Ca2+ and nitric oxide (NO)-3'5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG)-Ca2+ pathways and partially regulated by N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive factor-Ca2+ pathways. LTA-PGN stimulation caused rapid and potent increase followed by gradual decrease of Ang-2. It was partially regulated by both Ral A-phospholipase D and NSF-Ca2+ pathways. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated characteristics and involved pathways for two distinctive secretory mechanisms, constitutive and stimulated, of Ang-2 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Considering the close correlation of Ang-2 with sepsis outcomes, our findings provide a better understanding of an important mechanism associated with sepsis pathophysiology and identify possible therapeutic targets to improve outcomes in the potentially lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- a The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine , Manhasset , New York , USA.,b Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama , USA
| | - Helena M Linge
- c The Center for Heart and Lung Research , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , New York , USA
| | - Kanta Ochani
- c The Center for Heart and Lung Research , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , New York , USA
| | - Ke Lin
- c The Center for Heart and Lung Research , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , New York , USA
| | - Edmund J Miller
- a The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine , Manhasset , New York , USA.,c The Center for Heart and Lung Research , The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research , Manhasset , New York , USA.,d Hofstra North Shore-LIJ Medical School , Hempstead , New York , USA
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Zinter MS, Spicer A, Orwoll BO, Alkhouli M, Dvorak CC, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Sapru A. Plasma angiopoietin-2 outperforms other markers of endothelial injury in prognosticating pediatric ARDS mortality. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L224-31. [PMID: 26660787 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00336.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a key mediator of pulmonary vascular permeability. This study tested the association between plasma Ang-2 and mortality in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with stratification for prior hematopoietic cellular transplantation (HCT), given the severe, yet poorly understood, ARDS phenotype of this subgroup. We enrolled 259 children <18 years of age with ARDS; 25 had prior HCT. Plasma Ang-2, von Willebrand Factor antigen (vWF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured on ARDS days 1 and 3 and correlated with patient outcomes. Day 1 and day 3 Ang-2 levels were associated with mortality independent of age, sex, race, and P/F ratio [odds ratio (OR) 3.7, 95% CI 1.1-11.5, P = 0.027; and OR 10.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2-46.5, P = 0.003, for each log10 increase in Ang-2]. vWF was associated with mortality (P = 0.027), but VEGF was not. The association between day 1 Ang-2 and mortality was independent of levels of both vWF and VEGF (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.1-12.1, P = 0.039, for each log10 increase in Ang-2). 45% of the cohort had a rising Ang-2 between ARDS day 1 and 3 (adjusted mortality OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.2, P = 0.026). HCT patients with a rising Ang-2 had 70% mortality compared with 13% mortality for those without (OR 16.3, 95% CI 1.3-197.8, P = 0.028). Elevated plasma levels of Ang-2 were associated with mortality independent of vWF and VEGF. A rising Ang-2 between days 1 and 3 was strongly associated with mortality, particularly in pediatric HCT patients, suggesting vulnerability to ongoing endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt S Zinter
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Aaron Spicer
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Benjamin O Orwoll
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Mustafa Alkhouli
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher C Dvorak
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Anil Sapru
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California; University of California, San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California
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Nie DM, Wu QL, Zhu XX, Zhang R, Zheng P, Fang J, You Y, Zhong ZD, Xia LH, Hong M. Angiogenic factors are associated with development of acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:694-699. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bomsztyk K, Mar D, An D, Sharifian R, Mikula M, Gharib SA, Altemeier WA, Liles WC, Denisenko O. Experimental acute lung injury induces multi-organ epigenetic modifications in key angiogenic genes implicated in sepsis-associated endothelial dysfunction. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:225. [PMID: 25959381 PMCID: PMC4449602 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The Tie2/angiopoietin (Tie2/Ang) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-ligand systems (VEGFR/VEGF) are recognized to play important roles in the regulation of microvascular endothelial function. Downregulation of these genes during sepsis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sepsis-related microvascular leak and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Mechanisms responsible for dysregulation of angiogenic genes in sepsis are poorly defined. Methods Western blot, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex chromatin immunoprecipitation platform (Matrix ChIP) were used to investigate serum albumin leak, changes in gene expression, and associated epigenetic alterations in a murine model of acute lung injury-induced sepsis (ALI-sepsis). Results Experimental ALI-sepsis induced microvascular leak and downregulation of expression of Angpt1 (Ang1), Tek (Tie2), and Kdr (Vegfr2 or Flk-1) genes in the lung, kidney, and liver. These changes correlate with a decrease in RNA polymerase II density at these genes, and the greatest response was observed in the lung. ALI-sepsis reduced levels of transcription-permissive histone H3 lysine acetylation (H3KAc) at these loci in all examined tissues. Decreases in permissive H3K4m3 and H3Km2 marks were detected only in the lung. In contrast, only minimal alterations in transcription-repressive histone modifications (H3K27m3, H3K9m2, H3K9m3, and H4K20m3) were observed in all tissues. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that decreases in transcription-permissive, but not increases in transcription-repressive, histone modifications at Angpt1, Tek, and Kdr are a systemic, rather than a lung-restricted, response, involving key end-organs in experimental ALI-sepsis. Given that ventilator-associated pneumonia is a major cause of sepsis in critically ill patients, elucidation of mechanisms mediating epigenetic alterations during sepsis provides fundamental new insights into the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced microvascular leak and subsequent end-organ injury/dysfunction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0943-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bomsztyk
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Daniel Mar
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Dowon An
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Roya Sharifian
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Michal Mikula
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Sina A Gharib
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - William A Altemeier
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - W Conrad Liles
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Oleg Denisenko
- UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98109, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous syndrome that can develop at various times after major trauma. OBJECTIVES To identify and characterize distinct phenotypes of ARDS after trauma, based on timing of syndrome onset. METHODS Latent class analyses were used to identify patterns of ARDS onset in a cohort of critically ill trauma patients. Identified patterns were tested for associations with known ARDS risk factors and associations were externally validated at a separate institution. Eleven plasma biomarkers representing pathophysiologic domains were compared between identified patterns in the validation cohort. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Three patterns of ARDS were identified; class I (52%) early onset on Day 1 or 2, class II (40%) onset on Days 3 and 4, and class III (8%) later onset on Days 4 and 5. Early-onset ARDS was associated with higher Abbreviated Injury Scale scores for the thorax (P < 0.001), lower lowest systolic blood pressure before intensive care unit admission (P = 0.003), and a greater red blood cell transfusion requirement during resuscitation (P = 0.030). In the external validation cohort, early-onset ARDS was also associated with a higher Abbreviated Injury Scale score for the thorax (P = 0.001) and a lower lowest systolic blood pressure before intensive care unit enrollment (P = 0.006). In addition, the early-onset phenotype demonstrated higher plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products and angiopoietin-2. CONCLUSIONS Degree of hemorrhagic shock and severity of thoracic trauma are associated with an early-onset phenotype of ARDS after major trauma. Lung injury biomarkers suggest a dominant alveolar-capillary barrier injury pattern in this phenotype.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The article provides an overview of efforts to identify and validate biomarkers in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and a discussion of the challenges confronting researchers in this area. RECENT FINDINGS Although various putative biomarkers have been investigated in ARDS, the data have been largely disappointing and the 'troponin' of ARDS remains elusive. Establishing a relationship between measurable biological processes and clinical outcomes is vital to advancing clinical trials in ARDS and expanding our arsenal of treatments for this complex syndrome. SUMMARY This article summarizes the current status of ARDS biomarker research and provides a framework for future investigation.
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He DK, Shao YR, Zhang L, Shen J, Zhong ZY, Wang J, Xu G. Adenovirus-delivered angiopoietin-1 suppresses NF-κB and p38 MAPK and attenuates inflammatory responses in phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Inhal Toxicol 2014; 26:185-92. [PMID: 24517841 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2013.872213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Animals exposed to phosgene (Psg) result in acute lung injury (ALI). We have recently reported that angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) reduces inflammation and vascular hyperpermeability in ALI animals. In this study, we examined whether the beneficial effects of adenovirus-delivered Ang1 (Ad/Ang1) on inflammatory responses in Psg-induced ALI rats are due to the suppression of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, which play crucial roles in inflammatory responses in ALI. We demonstrated that Psg increased Ang2 and inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ALI rats, determined by ELISA. Ang1 inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8) and has no effect on anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-4 and IL-10). Furthermore, the inhibitory action of Ang1 was mediated by the suppression of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways, leading to the attenuation of inflammatory responses of ALI. Thus, Ad/Ang1 may provide a useful tool for the effective treatment in Psg-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Kun He
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit
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Zheng W, Nurmi H, Appak S, Sabine A, Bovay E, Korhonen EA, Orsenigo F, Lohela M, D'Amico G, Holopainen T, Leow CC, Dejana E, Petrova TV, Augustin HG, Alitalo K. Angiopoietin 2 regulates the transformation and integrity of lymphatic endothelial cell junctions. Genes Dev 2014; 28:1592-603. [PMID: 25030698 PMCID: PMC4102766 DOI: 10.1101/gad.237677.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic endothelial cell junctions in lymphatic capillaries transform from a zipper-like to a button-like pattern during development. Here, Zheng et al. found that an Angiopoietin 2 (ANG2)-blocking antibody inhibits embryonic lymphangiogenesis, whereas endothelium-specific ANG2 overexpression induced lymphatic hyperplasia. ANG2 inhibition blocked VE-cadherin phosphorylation and suppressed the onset of lymphatic valve formation and subsequent valve maturation. These data identify ANG2 as the first essential regulator of the functionally important interendothelial cell–cell junctions that form during lymphatic development. Primitive lymphatic vessels are remodeled into functionally specialized initial and collecting lymphatics during development. Lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) junctions in initial lymphatics transform from a zipper-like to a button-like pattern during collecting vessel development, but what regulates this process is largely unknown. Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) deficiency leads to abnormal lymphatic vessels. Here we found that an ANG2-blocking antibody inhibited embryonic lymphangiogenesis, whereas endothelium-specific ANG2 overexpression induced lymphatic hyperplasia. ANG2 inhibition blocked VE-cadherin phosphorylation at tyrosine residue 685 and the concomitant formation of button-like junctions in initial lymphatics. The defective junctions were associated with impaired lymph uptake. In collecting lymphatics, adherens junctions were disrupted, and the vessels leaked upon ANG2 blockade or gene deletion. ANG2 inhibition also suppressed the onset of lymphatic valve formation and subsequent valve maturation. These data identify ANG2 as the first essential regulator of the functionally important interendothelial cell–cell junctions that form during lymphatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Wihuri Research Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Harri Nurmi
- Wihuri Research Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Sila Appak
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Amélie Sabine
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Epalinges CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Esther Bovay
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Epalinges CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Emilia A Korhonen
- Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Marja Lohela
- Biomedicum Imaging Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Tanja Holopainen
- Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | | | - Elisabetta Dejana
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Epalinges CH-1066, Switzerland; Swiss Institute for Cancer Research, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1066, Switzerland
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Fehring V, Schaeper U, Ahrens K, Santel A, Keil O, Eisermann M, Giese K, Kaufmann J. Delivery of therapeutic siRNA to the lung endothelium via novel Lipoplex formulation DACC. Mol Ther 2014; 22:811-20. [PMID: 24390281 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA interference can be therapeutically exploited to inhibit pathophysiological gene expression. However, in contrast to the established effectiveness of RNAi in vitro, safe and effective delivery of siRNAs to specific organs and cell types in vivo remains the major hurdle. Here, we report the development and in vivo characterization of a novel siRNA delivery system (DACC lipoplex) suitable for modulating target gene expression specifically in the lung vasculature. Systemic administration of DACC in mice delivered siRNA cargo functionally to the lung pulmonary endothelium. A single dose of DACC lipoplexes administered by bolus injection or by infusion was sufficient to specifically silence genes expressed in pulmonary endothelial cells such as CD31, Tie-2, VE-cadherin, or BMP-R2. When tested in a mouse model for lung cancer, repeated treatment with DACC/siRNA(CD31) reduced formation of lung metastases and increased life span in a mouse model of experimental lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Fehring
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Schaeper
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Ahrens
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Santel
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Keil
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - K Giese
- Silence Therapeutics GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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Shen J, Wang J, Shao YR, He DK, Zhang L, Nadeem L, Xu G. Adenovirus-delivered angiopoietin-1 treatment for phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Inhal Toxicol 2013; 25:272-9. [DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2013.777820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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dos Santos CC, Murthy S, Hu P, Shan Y, Haitsma JJ, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ, Liles WC. Network analysis of transcriptional responses induced by mesenchymal stem cell treatment of experimental sepsis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 181:1681-92. [PMID: 23083833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) systemic administration reduces sepsis-associated inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in clinically relevant models of polymicrobial sepsis, the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating beneficial effects are controversial. This study identifies the molecular mechanisms of MSC-conferred protection in sepsis by interrogating transcriptional responses of target organs to MSC therapy. Sepsis was induced in C57Bl/6J mice by cecal ligation and puncture, followed 6 hours later by an i.v. injection of either MSCs or saline. Total RNA from lungs, hearts, kidneys, livers, and spleens harvested 28 hours after cecal ligation and puncture was hybridized to mouse expression bead arrays. Common transcriptional responses were analyzed using a network knowledge-based approach. A total of 4751 genes were significantly changed between placebo- and MSC-treated mice (adjusted P ≤ 0.05). Transcriptional responses identified three common effects of MSC administration in all five organs examined: i) attenuation of sepsis-induced mitochondrial-related functional derangement, ii down-regulation of endotoxin/Toll-like receptor innate immune proinflammatory transcriptional responses, and iii) coordinated expression of transcriptional programs implicated in the preservation of endothelial/vascular integrity. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that the protective effect of MSC therapy in sepsis is not limited to a single mediator or pathway but involves a range of complementary activities affecting biological networks playing critical roles in the control of host cell metabolism and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C dos Santos
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, The Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Eklund L, Saharinen P. Angiopoietin signaling in the vasculature. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1271-80. [PMID: 23500414 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The angiopoietin (Ang) growth factors and the endothelial Tie receptors regulate blood and lymphatic vessel development, and vascular permeability, inflammation, angiogenic remodeling and tumor vascularization in adult tissues. The angiopoietins activate the Tie receptors in unique in trans complexes at endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. In addition, integrins have been implicated in the regulation of Ang-Tie signaling. Recent interest has focused on the function of angiopoietin-2 and its inhibition in the tumor vasculature and also in other pathological conditions associated with endothelial dysfunction. Here we review the current understanding of the signaling functions of the Ang-Tie pathway and its potential for future development of targeted vascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Eklund
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oulu, Finland
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Alphonse RS, Rajabali S, Thébaud B. Lung injury in preterm neonates: the role and therapeutic potential of stem cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1013-40. [PMID: 22400813 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Continuous improvements in perinatal care have allowed the survival of ever more premature infants, making the task of protecting the extremely immature lung from injury increasingly challenging. Premature infants at risk of developing chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are now born at the late canalicular stage of lung development, just when the airways become juxtaposed to the lung vasculature and when gas-exchange becomes possible. Readily available strategies, including improved antenatal management (education, regionalization, steroids, and antibiotics), together with exogenous surfactant and exclusive/early noninvasive ventilatory support, will likely decrease the incidence/severity of BPD over the next few years. Nonetheless, because of the extreme immaturity of the developing lung, the extent to which disruption of lung growth after prematurity and neonatal management lead to an earlier or more aggravated decline in respiratory function in later life is a matter of concern. Consequently, much more needs to be learned about the mechanisms of lung development, injury, and repair. Recent insight into stem cell biology has sparked interest for stem cells to repair damaged organs. This review summarizes the exciting potential of stem cell-based therapies for lung diseases in general and BPD in particular.
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Thurston G, Daly C. The complex role of angiopoietin-2 in the angiopoietin-tie signaling pathway. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2012; 2:a006550. [PMID: 22951441 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The angiopoietin-Tie signaling system is a vascular-specific receptor tyrosine kinase pathway that is essential for normal vascular development. Although the basic functioning of the pathway is understood, many uncertainties remain about the role of certain members of the pathway, particularly angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), in pathological vascular remodeling and angiogenesis. We summarize the components of the angiopoietin-Tie pathway and then focus on studies that highlight the role of Ang2 in disease settings, including cancer and inflammation. The expression of Ang2 is elevated in many cancers and types of inflammation, which prompted the development of specific reagents to block its interaction with the Tie2 receptor. The application of these reagents in preclinical models of inflammation and cancer has begun to elucidate the role of Ang2 in vascular remodeling and disease pathogenesis and has led to emerging clinical tests of Ang2 inhibitors.
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Chittiboina P, Ganta V, Monceaux CP, Scott LK, Nanda A, Alexander JS. Angiopoietins as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in brain injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 20:15-21. [PMID: 22633746 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are major causes of long-term disability, mortality, and enormous economic costs to society. The full spectrum of neurological damage created by TBI or SAH is not usually manifested at the time of injury, but evolves gradually over the course of hours to days (or weeks) following these injuries. Angiopoietins, important regulators of vascular structure and function, are hallmark indicators of vascular injury and may therefore represent promising targets in the treatment of SAH and TBI. In animal models and human tissues, normal intracerebral and pial vessels show strong expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), but only minimal expression or presentation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). After several types of neurotrauma, the ratios of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in brain microvessel are disturbed and appear to contribute to the remarkable loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these injuries. Angiopoietins levels, and perhaps more importantly, Angiopoietin ratios (1:2) may have novel and important diagnostic and prognostic uses in TBI and SAH brain injury. Ang-1/2 evaluation in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid may provide new therapeutic modalities which can modify 'secondary' forms of brain injury after TBI and SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chittiboina
- Department of Neurosurgery, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
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Higgins SJ, Kain KC, Liles WC. Immunopathogenesis of falciparum malaria: implications for adjunctive therapy in the management of severe and cerebral malaria. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2012; 9:803-19. [PMID: 21905788 DOI: 10.1586/eri.11.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite optimal antimalarial treatment and advances in malaria eradication, the mortality rate associated with severe malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum infection, including cerebral malaria (CM), remains unacceptably high. This suggests that strategies directed solely at parasite eradication may be insufficient to prevent neurological complications and death in all cases of CM. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative adjunctive therapeutic strategies to effectively reduce CM-associated mortality. CM pathogenesis is believed to be due, in part, to an aberrant host immune response to P. falciparum, resulting in deleterious consequences, including vascular activation and dysfunction. Development of effective and affordable therapeutic strategies that act to modulate the underlying host-mediated immunopathology should be explored to improve outcome. In this article, we summarize immunomodulatory therapies that have been assessed in clinical trials to date, and highlight novel and promising treatment strategies currently being investigated to address this major global health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Higgins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Inhaled nitric oxide reduces endothelial activation and parasite accumulation in the brain, and enhances survival in experimental cerebral malaria. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27714. [PMID: 22110737 PMCID: PMC3218025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The host immune response contributes to the onset and progression of severe malaria syndromes, such as cerebral malaria. Adjunctive immunomodulatory strategies for severe malaria may improve clinical outcome beyond that achievable with artemisinin-based therapy alone. Here, we report that prophylaxis with inhaled nitric oxide significantly reduced systemic inflammation (lower TNF, IFNγ and MCP-1 in peripheral blood) and endothelial activation (decreased sICAM-1 and vWF, and increased angiopoeitin-1 levels in peripheral blood) in an experimental cerebral malaria model. Mice that received inhaled nitric oxide starting prior to infection had reduced parasitized erythrocyte accumulation in the brain, decreased brain expression of ICAM-1, and preserved vascular integrity compared to control mice. Inhaled nitric oxide administered in combination with artesunate, starting as late as 5.5 days post-infection, improved survival over treatment with artesunate alone (70% survival in the artesunate only vs. 100% survival in the artesunate plus iNO group, p = 0.03). These data support the clinical investigation of inhaled nitric oxide as a novel adjunctive therapy in patients with severe malaria.
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Couto RA, Kulungowski AM, Chawla AS, Fishman SJ, Greene AK. Expression of Angiogenic and Vasculogenic Factors in Human Lymphedematous Tissue. Lymphat Res Biol 2011; 9:143-9. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2011.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A. Couto
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ann M. Kulungowski
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Anomalies Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya S. Chawla
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven J. Fishman
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Anomalies Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arin K. Greene
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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