1
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Mocci G, Sukhavasi K, Örd T, Bankier S, Singha P, Arasu UT, Agbabiaje OO, Mäkinen P, Ma L, Hodonsky CJ, Aherrahrou R, Muhl L, Liu J, Gustafsson S, Byandelger B, Wang Y, Koplev S, Lendahl U, Owens G, Leeper NJ, Pasterkamp G, Vanlandewijck M, Michoel T, Ruusalepp A, Hao K, Ylä-Herttuala S, Väli M, Järve H, Mokry M, Civelek M, Miller C, Kovacic JC, Kaikkonen MU, Betsholtz C, Björkegren JLM. Single-Cell Gene-Regulatory Networks of Advanced Symptomatic Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2024. [PMID: 38639096 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While our understanding of the single-cell gene expression patterns underlying the transformation of vascular cell types during the progression of atherosclerosis is rapidly improving, the clinical and pathophysiological relevance of these changes remains poorly understood. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing data generated with SmartSeq2 (≈8000 genes/cell) in nearly 19 000 single cells isolated during atherosclerosis progression in Ldlr-/-Apob100/100 mice with human-like plasma lipoproteins and from humans with asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid plaques was clustered into multiple subtypes. For clinical and pathophysiological context, the advanced-stage and symptomatic subtype clusters were integrated with 135 tissue-specific (atherosclerotic aortic wall, mammary artery, liver, skeletal muscle, and visceral and subcutaneous, fat) gene-regulatory networks (GRNs) inferred from 600 coronary artery disease patients in the STARNET (Stockholm-Tartu Atherosclerosis Reverse Network Engineering Task) study. RESULTS Advanced stages of atherosclerosis progression and symptomatic carotid plaques were largely characterized by 3 smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and 3 macrophage subtype clusters with extracellular matrix organization/osteogenic (SMC), and M1-type proinflammatory/Trem2-high lipid-associated (macrophage) phenotypes. Integrative analysis of these 6 clusters with STARNET revealed significant enrichments of 3 arterial wall GRNs: GRN33 (macrophage), GRN39 (SMC), and GRN122 (macrophage) with major contributions to coronary artery disease heritability and strong associations with clinical scores of coronary atherosclerosis severity (SYNTAX/Duke scores). The presence and pathophysiological relevance of GRN39 were verified in 5 independent RNAseq data sets obtained from the human coronary and aortic artery, and primary SMCs and by targeting its top-key drivers, FRZB and ALCAM, in cultured human vascular SMCs. CONCLUSIONS By identifying and integrating the most gene-rich single-cell subclusters of atherosclerosis to date with a coronary artery disease framework of GRNs, GRN39 was identified and independently validated as being critical for the transformation of contractile SMCs into an osteogenic phenotype promoting advanced-stage, symptomatic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mocci
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Katyayani Sukhavasi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Estonia (K.S., A.R., H.J.)
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Sean Bankier
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Norway (S.B., T.M.)
| | - Prosanta Singha
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Uma Thanigai Arasu
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Olayinka Oluwasegun Agbabiaje
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Petri Mäkinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (L. Ma, S.K., K.H., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., G.O., C.M.)
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., R.A., M.C.)
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Estonia (K.S., A.R., H.J.)
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., R.A., M.C.)
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Sonja Gustafsson
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Byambajav Byandelger
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (L. Ma, S.K., K.H., J.L.M.B.)
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, United Kingdom (S.K.)
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Gary Owens
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., G.O., C.M.)
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. (G.P., M.M.)
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. (G.P., M.M.)
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Tom Michoel
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Norway (S.B., T.M.)
| | - Arno Ruusalepp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (R.A., M.C.)
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (L. Ma, S.K., K.H., J.L.M.B.)
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Marika Väli
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.V., C.B.)
- Department of Pathological anatomy and Forensic medicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia (M.V.)
| | - Heli Järve
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and The Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu University, Estonia (K.S., A.R., H.J.)
| | - Michal Mokry
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. (G.P., M.M.)
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands. (G.P., M.M.)
| | - Mete Civelek
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., G.O., C.M.)
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (C.J.H., R.A., M.C.)
| | - Clint Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (R.A., M.C.)
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (J.C.K.)
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia (J.C.K.)
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia (J.C.K.)
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (T.O., P.S., U.T.A., O.O.A., P.M., S.Y.-H., M.U.K.)
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.V., C.B.)
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden (G.M., L. Muhl, J.L., S.G., B.B., U.L., M.V., C.B., J.L.M.B.)
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (L. Ma, S.K., K.H., J.L.M.B.)
- Clinical Gene Networks AB, Stockholm, Sweden (J.L.M.B.)
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2
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Zhou AX, Jeansson M, He L, Wigge L, Tonelius P, Tati R, Cederblad L, Muhl L, Uhrbom M, Liu J, Björnson Granqvist A, Lerman LO, Betsholtz C, Hansen PBL. Renal Endothelial Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Spatiotemporal Regulation and Divergent Roles of Differential Gene Transcription and Alternative Splicing in Murine Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4320. [PMID: 38673910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) injury is a crucial contributor to the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the specific EC populations and mechanisms involved remain elusive. Kidney ECs (n = 5464) were collected at three timepoints from diabetic BTBRob/ob mice and non-diabetic littermates. Their heterogeneity, transcriptional changes, and alternative splicing during DKD progression were mapped using SmartSeq2 single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and elucidated through pathway, network, and gene ontology enrichment analyses. We identified 13 distinct transcriptional EC phenotypes corresponding to different kidney vessel subtypes, confirmed through in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. EC subtypes along nephrons displayed extensive zonation related to their functions. Differential gene expression analyses in peritubular and glomerular ECs in DKD underlined the regulation of DKD-relevant pathways including EIF2 signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, and IGF1 signaling. Importantly, this revealed the differential alteration of these pathways between the two EC subtypes and changes during disease progression. Furthermore, glomerular and peritubular ECs also displayed aberrant and dynamic alterations in alternative splicing (AS), which is strongly associated with DNA repair. Strikingly, genes displaying differential transcription or alternative splicing participate in divergent biological processes. Our study reveals the spatiotemporal regulation of gene transcription and AS linked to DKD progression, providing insight into pathomechanisms and clues to novel therapeutic targets for DKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex-Xianghua Zhou
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Marie Jeansson
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 753 10 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 753 10 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Wigge
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Tonelius
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ramesh Tati
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Linda Cederblad
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Martin Uhrbom
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Björnson Granqvist
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 753 10 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pernille B L Hansen
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43162 Mölndal, Sweden
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3
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Schevenels G, Cabochette P, America M, Vandenborne A, De Grande L, Guenther S, He L, Dieu M, Christou B, Vermeersch M, Germano RFV, Perez-Morga D, Renard P, Martin M, Vanlandewijck M, Betsholtz C, Vanhollebeke B. A brain-specific angiogenic mechanism enabled by tip cell specialization. Nature 2024; 628:863-871. [PMID: 38570687 PMCID: PMC11041701 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Vertebrate organs require locally adapted blood vessels1,2. The gain of such organotypic vessel specializations is often deemed to be molecularly unrelated to the process of organ vascularization. Here, opposing this model, we reveal a molecular mechanism for brain-specific angiogenesis that operates under the control of Wnt7a/b ligands-well-known blood-brain barrier maturation signals3-5. The control mechanism relies on Wnt7a/b-dependent expression of Mmp25, which we find is enriched in brain endothelial cells. CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis in zebrafish reveals that this poorly characterized glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored matrix metalloproteinase is selectively required in endothelial tip cells to enable their initial migration across the pial basement membrane lining the brain surface. Mechanistically, Mmp25 confers brain invasive competence by cleaving meningeal fibroblast-derived collagen IV α5/6 chains within a short non-collagenous region of the central helical part of the heterotrimer. After genetic interference with the pial basement membrane composition, the Wnt-β-catenin-dependent organotypic control of brain angiogenesis is lost, resulting in properly patterned, yet blood-brain-barrier-defective cerebrovasculatures. We reveal an organ-specific angiogenesis mechanism, shed light on tip cell mechanistic angiodiversity and thereby illustrate how organs, by imposing local constraints on angiogenic tip cells, can select vessels matching their distinctive physiological requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giel Schevenels
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Michelle America
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Vandenborne
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Line De Grande
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Stefan Guenther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc Dieu
- Mass Spectrometry Facility (MaSUN), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Basile Christou
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marjorie Vermeersch
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Raoul F V Germano
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - David Perez-Morga
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Patricia Renard
- Mass Spectrometry Facility (MaSUN), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Maud Martin
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.
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Vázquez-Liébanas E, Mocci G, Li W, Laviña B, Reddy A, O'Connor C, Hudson N, Elbeck Z, Nikoloudis I, Gaengel K, Vanlandewijck M, Campbell M, Betsholtz C, Mäe MA. Mosaic deletion of claudin-5 reveals rapid non-cell-autonomous consequences of blood-brain barrier leakage. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113911. [PMID: 38446668 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Claudin-5 (CLDN5) is an endothelial tight junction protein essential for blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation. Abnormal CLDN5 expression is common in brain disease, and knockdown of Cldn5 at the BBB has been proposed to facilitate drug delivery to the brain. To study the consequences of CLDN5 loss in the mature brain, we induced mosaic endothelial-specific Cldn5 gene ablation in adult mice (Cldn5iECKO). These mice displayed increased BBB permeability to tracers up to 10 kDa in size from 6 days post induction (dpi) and ensuing lethality from 10 dpi. Single-cell RNA sequencing at 11 dpi revealed profound transcriptomic differences in brain endothelial cells regardless of their Cldn5 status in mosaic mice, suggesting major non-cell-autonomous responses. Reactive microglia and astrocytes suggested rapid cellular responses to BBB leakage. Our study demonstrates a critical role for CLDN5 in the adult BBB and provides molecular insight into the consequences and risks associated with CLDN5 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Vázquez-Liébanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Single Cell Core Facility of Flemingsberg Campus (SICOF), Karolinska Institute, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Weihan Li
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bàrbara Laviña
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Avril Reddy
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Claire O'Connor
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Natalie Hudson
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Zaher Elbeck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ioannis Nikoloudis
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Gaengel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Single Cell Core Facility of Flemingsberg Campus (SICOF), Karolinska Institute, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
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5
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ElBeck Z, Hossain MB, Siga H, Oskolkov N, Karlsson F, Lindgren J, Walentinsson A, Koppenhöfer D, Jarvis R, Bürli R, Jamier T, Franssen E, Firth M, Degasperi A, Bendtsen C, Menzies RI, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Kohlhaas M, Nickel AG, Lund LH, Maack C, Végvári Á, Betsholtz C. Epigenetic modulators link mitochondrial redox homeostasis to cardiac function in a sex-dependent manner. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2358. [PMID: 38509128 PMCID: PMC10954618 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
While excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a characteristic hallmark of numerous diseases, clinical approaches that ameliorate oxidative stress have been unsuccessful. Here, utilizing multi-omics, we demonstrate that in cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH2) constitutes a major antioxidative defense mechanism. Paradoxically reduced expression of IDH2 associated with ventricular eccentric hypertrophy is counterbalanced by an increase in the enzyme activity. We unveil redox-dependent sex dimorphism, and extensive mutual regulation of the antioxidative activities of IDH2 and NRF2 by a feedforward network that involves 2-oxoglutarate and L-2-hydroxyglutarate and mediated in part through unconventional hydroxy-methylation of cytosine residues present in introns. Consequently, conditional targeting of ROS in a murine model of heart failure improves cardiac function in sex- and phenotype-dependent manners. Together, these insights may explain why previous attempts to treat heart failure with antioxidants have been unsuccessful and open new approaches to personalizing and, thereby, improving such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaher ElBeck
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Departmenty of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mohammad Bakhtiar Hossain
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Humam Siga
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nikolay Oskolkov
- Department of Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Karlsson
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Lindgren
- Translational Genomics, Centre for Genomics Research, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Walentinsson
- Translational Science & Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dominique Koppenhöfer
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Jarvis
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Bürli
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tanguy Jamier
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elske Franssen
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Firth
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Degasperi
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Bendtsen
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert I Menzies
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University Göttingen and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlhaas
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander G Nickel
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lars H Lund
- Department of Medicine Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, 141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
- Departmenty of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Gupta RK, Niklasson M, Bergström T, Segerman A, Betsholtz C, Westermark B. Tumor-specific migration routes of xenotransplanted human glioblastoma cells in mouse brain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:864. [PMID: 38195678 PMCID: PMC10776844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The migration of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to their final destination during development follows well-defined pathways, such as along blood vessels. Cells originating from the highly malignant tumor glioblastoma (GBM) seem to exploit similar routes for infiltrating the brain parenchyma. In this report, we have examined the migration of GBM cells using three-dimensional high-resolution confocal microscopy in brain tumors derived from eight different human GBM cell lines xenografted into immunodeficient mice. The primary invasion routes identified were long-distance migration along white matter tracts and local migration along blood vessels. We found that GBM cells in the majority of tumors (6 out of 8) did not exhibit association with blood vessels. These tumors, derived from low lamin A/C expressing GBM cells, were comparatively highly diffusive and invasive. Conversely, in 2 out of 8 tumors, we noted perivascular invasion and displacement of astrocyte end-feet. These tumors exhibited less diffusive migration, grew as solid tumors, and were distinguished by elevated expression of lamin A/C. We conclude that the migration pattern of glioblastoma is distinctly tumor cell-specific. Furthermore, the ability to invade the confined spaces within white matter tracts may necessitate low expression of lamin A/C, contributing to increased nuclear plasticity. This study highlights the role of GBM heterogeneity in driving the aggressive growth of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Gupta
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Niklasson
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias Bergström
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Segerman
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Flemingsberg Campus, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Bengt Westermark
- Deparment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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7
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Pietilä R, Del Gaudio F, He L, Vázquez-Liébanas E, Vanlandewijck M, Muhl L, Mocci G, Bjørnholm KD, Lindblad C, Fletcher-Sandersjöö A, Svensson M, Thelin EP, Liu J, van Voorden AJ, Torres M, Antila S, Xin L, Karlström H, Storm-Mathisen J, Bergersen LH, Moggio A, Hansson EM, Ulvmar MH, Nilsson P, Mäkinen T, Andaloussi Mäe M, Alitalo K, Proulx ST, Engelhardt B, McDonald DM, Lendahl U, Andrae J, Betsholtz C. Molecular anatomy of adult mouse leptomeninges. Neuron 2023; 111:3745-3764.e7. [PMID: 37776854 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Leptomeninges, consisting of the pia mater and arachnoid, form a connective tissue investment and barrier enclosure of the brain. The exact nature of leptomeningeal cells has long been debated. In this study, we identify five molecularly distinct fibroblast-like transcriptomes in cerebral leptomeninges; link them to anatomically distinct cell types of the pia, inner arachnoid, outer arachnoid barrier, and dural border layer; and contrast them to a sixth fibroblast-like transcriptome present in the choroid plexus and median eminence. Newly identified transcriptional markers enabled molecular characterization of cell types responsible for adherence of arachnoid layers to one another and for the arachnoid barrier. These markers also proved useful in identifying the molecular features of leptomeningeal development, injury, and repair that were preserved or changed after traumatic brain injury. Together, the findings highlight the value of identifying fibroblast transcriptional subsets and their cellular locations toward advancing the understanding of leptomeningeal physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Pietilä
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesca Del Gaudio
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisa Vázquez-Liébanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Katrine D Bjørnholm
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Lindblad
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University Hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexander Fletcher-Sandersjöö
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Svensson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric P Thelin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - A Jantine van Voorden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Salli Antila
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Li Xin
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helena Karlström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon Storm-Mathisen
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda Hildegard Bergersen
- Brain and Muscle Energy Group, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen University, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aldo Moggio
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emil M Hansson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria H Ulvmar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Donald M McDonald
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden.
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8
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Mapunda JA, Pareja J, Vladymyrov M, Bouillet E, Hélie P, Pleskač P, Barcos S, Andrae J, Vestweber D, McDonald DM, Betsholtz C, Deutsch U, Proulx ST, Engelhardt B. VE-cadherin in arachnoid and pia mater cells serves as a suitable landmark for in vivo imaging of CNS immune surveillance and inflammation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5837. [PMID: 37730744 PMCID: PMC10511632 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Meninges cover the surface of the brain and spinal cord and contribute to protection and immune surveillance of the central nervous system (CNS). How the meningeal layers establish CNS compartments with different accessibility to immune cells and immune mediators is, however, not well understood. Here, using 2-photon imaging in female transgenic reporter mice, we describe VE-cadherin at intercellular junctions of arachnoid and pia mater cells that form the leptomeninges and border the subarachnoid space (SAS) filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). VE-cadherin expression also marked a layer of Prox1+ cells located within the arachnoid beneath and separate from E-cadherin+ arachnoid barrier cells. In vivo imaging of the spinal cord and brain in female VE-cadherin-GFP reporter mice allowed for direct observation of accessibility of CSF derived tracers and T cells into the SAS bordered by the arachnoid and pia mater during health and neuroinflammation, and detection of volume changes of the SAS during CNS pathology. Together, the findings identified VE-cadherin as an informative landmark for in vivo imaging of the leptomeninges that can be used to visualize the borders of the SAS and thus potential barrier properties of the leptomeninges in controlling access of immune mediators and immune cells into the CNS during health and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Pareja
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisa Bouillet
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Hélie
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Petr Pleskač
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Barcos
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Donald M McDonald
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Campus Flemingsberg, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Urban Deutsch
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Del Gaudio F, Liu D, Andaloussi Mäe M, Braune EB, Hansson EM, Wang QD, Betsholtz C, Lendahl U. Left ventricular hypertrophy and metabolic resetting in the Notch3-deficient adult mouse heart. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15022. [PMID: 37699967 PMCID: PMC10497627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart depends on a functional vasculature for oxygenation and transport of nutrients, and it is of interest to learn how primary impairment of the vasculature can indirectly affect cardiac function and heart morphology. Notch3-deficiency causes vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss in the vasculature but the consequences for the heart remain largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate that Notch3-/- mice have enlarged hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy and mild fibrosis. Cardiomyocytes were hypertrophic but not hyperproliferative, and the expression of several cardiomyocyte markers, including Tnt2, Myh6, Myh7 and Actn2, was altered. Furthermore, expression of genes regulating the metabolic status of the heart was affected: both Pdk4 and Cd36 were downregulated, indicating a metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation to glucose consumption. Notch3-/- mice furthermore showed lower liver lipid content. Notch3 was expressed in heart VSMC and pericytes but not in cardiomyocytes, suggesting that a perturbation of Notch signalling in VSMC and pericytes indirectly impairs the cardiomyocytes. In keeping with this, Pdgfbret/ret mice, characterized by reduced numbers of VSMC and pericytes, showed left ventricular and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In conclusion, we demonstrate that reduced Notch3 or PDGFB signalling in vascular mural cells leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Del Gaudio
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Dongli Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University in Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eike-Benjamin Braune
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emil M Hansson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Peng D, Ando K, Hußmann M, Gloger M, Skoczylas R, Mochizuki N, Betsholtz C, Fukuhara S, Schulte-Merker S, Lawson ND, Koltowska K. Correction: Proper migration of lymphatic endothelial cells requires survival and guidance cues from arterial mural cells. eLife 2023; 12:90048. [PMID: 37307048 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
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11
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Bell RD, Winkler EA, Singh I, Sagare AP, Deane R, Wu Z, Holtzman DM, Betsholtz C, Armulik A, Sallstrom J, Berk BC, Zlokovic BV. Author Correction: Apolipoprotein E controls cerebrovascular integrity via cyclophilin A. Nature 2023; 617:E12. [PMID: 37142785 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Bell
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ethan A Winkler
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Itender Singh
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Abhay P Sagare
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Rashid Deane
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Armulik
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, CH-8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Sallstrom
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Bradford C Berk
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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12
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Petkova M, Kraft M, Stritt S, Martinez-Corral I, Ortsäter H, Vanlandewijck M, Jakic B, Baselga E, Castillo SD, Graupera M, Betsholtz C, Mäkinen T. Immune-interacting lymphatic endothelial subtype at capillary terminals drives lymphatic malformation. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220741. [PMID: 36688917 PMCID: PMC9884640 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA, encoding p110α-PI3K, are a common cause of venous and lymphatic malformations. Vessel type-specific disease pathogenesis is poorly understood, hampering development of efficient therapies. Here, we reveal a new immune-interacting subtype of Ptx3-positive dermal lymphatic capillary endothelial cells (iLECs) that recruit pro-lymphangiogenic macrophages to promote progressive lymphatic overgrowth. Mouse model of Pik3caH1047R-driven vascular malformations showed that proliferation was induced in both venous and lymphatic ECs but sustained selectively in LECs of advanced lesions. Single-cell transcriptomics identified the iLEC population, residing at lymphatic capillary terminals of normal vasculature, that was expanded in Pik3caH1047R mice. Expression of pro-inflammatory genes, including monocyte/macrophage chemokine Ccl2, in Pik3caH1047R-iLECs was associated with recruitment of VEGF-C-producing macrophages. Macrophage depletion, CCL2 blockade, or anti-inflammatory COX-2 inhibition limited Pik3caH1047R-driven lymphangiogenesis. Thus, targeting the paracrine crosstalk involving iLECs and macrophages provides a new therapeutic opportunity for lymphatic malformations. Identification of iLECs further indicates that peripheral lymphatic vessels not only respond to but also actively orchestrate inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Petkova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marle Kraft
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simon Stritt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ines Martinez-Corral
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ortsäter
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Bojana Jakic
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eulàlia Baselga
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Sandra D. Castillo
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Bjørnholm KD, Del Gaudio F, Li H, Li W, Vazquez-Liebanas E, Mäe MA, Lendahl U, Betsholtz C, Nilsson P, Karlström H, Vanlandewijck M. A robust and efficient microvascular isolation method for multimodal characterization of the mouse brain vasculature. Cell Rep Methods 2023; 3:100431. [PMID: 37056377 PMCID: PMC10088242 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Studying disease-related changes in the brain vasculature is warranted due to its crucial role in supplying oxygen and nutrients and removing waste and due to the anticipated vascular dysfunction in brain diseases. To this end, we have developed a protocol for fast and simple isolation of brain vascular fragments without the use of transgenic reporters. We used it to isolate and analyze 22,515 cells by single-cell RNA sequencing. The cells distributed into 23 distinct clusters corresponding to all known vascular and perivascular cell types in the brain. Western blot analysis also suggested that the protocol is suitable for proteomic analysis. We further adapted it for the establishment of primary cell cultures. The protocol generated highly reproducible results. In conclusion, we have developed a simple and robust brain vascular isolation protocol suitable for different experimental modalities, such as single-cell analyses, western blotting, and primary cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Dahl Bjørnholm
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Weihan Li
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisa Vazquez-Liebanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Helena Karlström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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14
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Muhl L, Mocci G, Pietilä R, Liu J, He L, Genové G, Leptidis S, Gustafsson S, Buyandelger B, Raschperger E, Hansson EM, Björkegren JL, Vanlandewijck M, Lendahl U, Betsholtz C. A single-cell transcriptomic inventory of murine smooth muscle cells. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2426-2443.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Gillnäs S, Gallini R, He L, Betsholtz C, Andrae J. Severe cerebellar malformations in mutant mice demonstrate a role for PDGF-C/PDGFRα signalling in cerebellar development. Biol Open 2022; 11:275997. [PMID: 35876806 PMCID: PMC9382116 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of the mouse cerebellum is initiated in the embryo and continues for a few weeks after birth. Double mutant mice lacking platelet-derived growth factor-C and that are heterozygous for platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfc-/-; PdgfraGFP/+) develop cerebellar hypoplasia and malformation with loss of cerebellar lobes in the posterior vermis. This phenotype is similar to those observed in Foxc1 mutant mice and in a human neuroimaging pattern called Dandy Walker malformation. Pdgfc-Pdgfra mutant mice also display ependymal denudation in the 4th ventricle and gene expression changes in cerebellar meninges, which coincide with the first visible signs of cerebellar malformation. Here we show that PDGF-C/PDGFRα signalling is a critical component in the network of molecular and cellular interactions that take place between the developing meninges and neural tissues, and which are required to build a fully functioning cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gillnäs
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Radiosa Gallini
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Richards M, Nwadozi E, Pal S, Martinsson P, Kaakinen M, Gloger M, Sjöberg E, Koltowska K, Betsholtz C, Eklund L, Nordling S, Claesson-Welsh L. Claudin5 protects the peripheral endothelial barrier in an organ and vessel type-specific manner. eLife 2022; 11:78517. [PMID: 35861713 PMCID: PMC9348850 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional and leaky blood vessels resulting from disruption of the endothelial cell (EC) barrier accompanies numerous diseases. The EC barrier is established through endothelial cell tight and adherens junctions. However, the expression pattern and precise contribution of different junctional proteins to the EC barrier is poorly understood. Here, we focus on organs with continuous endothelium to identify structural and functional in vivo characteristics of the EC barrier. Assembly of multiple single-cell RNAseq datasets into a single integrated database revealed the variability and commonalities of EC barrier patterning. Across tissues, Claudin5 exhibited diminishing expression along the arteriovenous axis, correlating with EC barrier integrity. Functional analysis identified tissue-specific differences in leakage properties and response to the leakage agonist histamine. Loss of Claudin5 enhanced histamine-induced leakage in an organotypic and vessel type-specific manner in an inducible, EC-specific, knock-out mouse. Mechanistically, Claudin5 loss left junction ultrastructure unaffected but altered its composition, with concomitant loss of zonula occludens-1 and upregulation of VE-Cadherin expression. These findings uncover the organ-specific organisation of the EC barrier and distinct importance of Claudin5 in different vascular beds, providing insights to modify EC barrier stability in a targeted, organ-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Richards
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emmanuel Nwadozi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sagnik Pal
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Martinsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mika Kaakinen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marleen Gloger
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Sjöberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Koltowska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lauri Eklund
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sofia Nordling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Sá da Bandeira D, Kilpatrick AM, Marques M, Gomez-Salazar M, Ventura T, Gonzalez ZN, Stefancova D, Rossi F, Vermeren M, Vink CS, Beltran M, Henderson NC, Jung B, van der Linden R, van de Werken HJG, van Ijcken WFJ, Betsholtz C, Forbes SJ, Cuervo H, Crisan M. PDGFRβ + cells play a dual role as hematopoietic precursors and niche cells during mouse ontogeny. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111114. [PMID: 35858557 PMCID: PMC9638014 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) generation in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region requires HSC specification signals from the surrounding microenvironment. In zebrafish, PDGF-B/PDGFRβ signaling controls hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) generation and is required in the HSC specification niche. Little is known about murine HSPC specification in vivo and whether PDGF-B/PDGFRβ is involved. Here, we show that PDGFRβ is expressed in distinct perivascular stromal cell layers surrounding the mid-gestation dorsal aorta, and its deletion impairs hematopoiesis. We demonstrate that PDGFRβ+ cells play a dual role in murine hematopoiesis. They act in the aortic niche to support HSPCs, and in addition, PDGFRβ+ embryonic precursors give rise to a subset of HSPCs that persist into adulthood. These findings provide crucial information for the controlled production of HSPCs in vitro. PDGFRβ deletion affects hematopoietic development in the AGM in vivo The transcriptome and hematopoietic support of the PDGFRβ-KO niche are altered The osteogenic gene profile and differentiation of KO AGM MSCs are affected PDGFRβ+ early embryonic precursors contribute to EC and HSPC lineages in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sá da Bandeira
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alastair Morris Kilpatrick
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Madalena Marques
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mario Gomez-Salazar
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zaniah Nashira Gonzalez
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dorota Stefancova
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fiona Rossi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthieu Vermeren
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris Sebastiaan Vink
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mariana Beltran
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil Cowan Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bongnam Jung
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Reinier van der Linden
- Hubrecht Institute, Department van Oudenaarden Quantitative Biology, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harmen Jan George van de Werken
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Cancer Computational Biology Center, and Departments of Urology and Immunology, 3000 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F J van Ijcken
- Center for Biomics, Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, 3015 Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Stuart John Forbes
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK
| | - Henar Cuervo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mihaela Crisan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, EH16 4UU Edinburgh, UK.
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18
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Orlich MM, Diéguez-Hurtado R, Muehlfriedel R, Sothilingam V, Wolburg H, Oender CE, Woelffing P, Betsholtz C, Gaengel K, Seeliger M, Adams RH, Nordheim A. Mural Cell SRF Controls Pericyte Migration, Vessel Patterning and Blood Flow. Circ Res 2022; 131:308-327. [PMID: 35862101 PMCID: PMC9348820 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells, collectively known as mural cells, are recruited through PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor B)-PDGFRB (platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta) signaling. MCs are essential for vascular integrity, and their loss has been associated with numerous diseases. Most of this knowledge is based on studies in which MCs are insufficiently recruited or fully absent upon inducible ablation. In contrast, little is known about the physiological consequences that result from impairment of specific MC functions. Here, we characterize the role of the transcription factor SRF (serum response factor) in MCs and study its function in developmental and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Orlich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., C.E.O., P.W., A.N.)
- International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) “From Molecules to Organisms,” Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., A.N.)
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.M.O., C.B., K.G.)
- Now with Rudbeck Laboratory C11, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden (M.M.O.)
| | - Rodrigo Diéguez-Hurtado
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Muenster, Germany (R.D.-H., R.H.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (R.D.-H., R.H.A.)
| | - Regine Muehlfriedel
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Clinic Tuebingen (UKT), Germany. (R.M., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Vithiyanjali Sothilingam
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Clinic Tuebingen (UKT), Germany. (R.M., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Hartwig Wolburg
- Department of General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Clinic Tuebingen (UKT), Germany. (H.W.)
| | - Cansu Ebru Oender
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., C.E.O., P.W., A.N.)
| | - Pascal Woelffing
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., C.E.O., P.W., A.N.)
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.M.O., C.B., K.G.)
| | - Konstantin Gaengel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.M.O., C.B., K.G.)
| | - Mathias Seeliger
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Clinic Tuebingen (UKT), Germany. (R.M., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Ralf H. Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Muenster, Germany (R.D.-H., R.H.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (R.D.-H., R.H.A.)
| | - Alfred Nordheim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., C.E.O., P.W., A.N.)
- International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) “From Molecules to Organisms,” Tuebingen, Germany (M.M.O., A.N.)
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19
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Bernier-Latmani J, Mauri C, Marcone R, Renevey F, Durot S, He L, Vanlandewijck M, Maclachlan C, Davanture S, Zamboni N, Knott GW, Luther SA, Betsholtz C, Delorenzi M, Brisken C, Petrova TV. ADAMTS18 + villus tip telocytes maintain a polarized VEGFA signaling domain and fenestrations in nutrient-absorbing intestinal blood vessels. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3983. [PMID: 35810168 PMCID: PMC9271081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The small intestinal villus tip is the first point of contact for lumen-derived substances including nutrients and microbial products. Electron microscopy studies from the early 1970s uncovered unusual spatial organization of small intestinal villus tip blood vessels: their exterior, epithelial-facing side is fenestrated, while the side facing the villus stroma is non-fenestrated, covered by pericytes and harbors endothelial nuclei. Such organization optimizes the absorption process, however the molecular mechanisms maintaining this highly specialized structure remain unclear. Here we report that perivascular LGR5+ villus tip telocytes (VTTs) are necessary for maintenance of villus tip endothelial cell polarization and fenestration by sequestering VEGFA signaling. Mechanistically, unique VTT expression of the protease ADAMTS18 is necessary for VEGFA signaling sequestration through limiting fibronectin accumulation. Therefore, we propose a model in which LGR5+ ADAMTS18+ telocytes are necessary to maintain a “just-right” level and location of VEGFA signaling in intestinal villus blood vasculature to ensure on one hand the presence of sufficient endothelial fenestrae, while avoiding excessive leakiness of the vessels and destabilization of villus tip epithelial structures. The molecular mechanisms ensuring the specialized structure of small intestinal villus tip blood vessels are incompletely understood. Here the authors show that ADAMTS18+ telocytes maintain a “just-right” level and location of VEGFA signaling on intestinal villus blood vessels, thereby ensuring the presence of endothelial fenestrae for nutrient absorption, while avoiding excessive leakiness and destabilization of villus tip epithelial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Cristina Mauri
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Marcone
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Renevey
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Durot
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Catherine Maclachlan
- Bio Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Suzel Davanture
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Graham W Knott
- Bio Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sanjiv A Luther
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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20
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Levin A, Schwarz A, Hulkko J, He L, Sun Y, Barany P, Bruchfeld A, Herthelius M, Wennberg L, Ebefors K, Patrakka J, Betsholtz C, Nyström J, Mölne J, Hultenby K, Witasp A, Wernerson A. The role of dendrin in IgA nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:311-321. [PMID: 35767852 PMCID: PMC9923709 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and its systemic variant IgA vasculitis (IgAV) damage the glomeruli, resulting in proteinuria, hematuria and kidney impairment. Dendrin is a podocyte-specific protein suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Upon cell injury, dendrin translocates from the slit diaphragm to the nucleus, where it is suggested to induce apoptosis and cytoskeletal changes, resulting in proteinuria and accelerated disease progression in mice. Here we investigated gene and protein expression of dendrin in relation to clinical and histopathological findings to further elucidate its role in IgAN/IgAV. METHODS Glomerular gene expression was measured using microarray on 30 IgAN/IgAV patients, 5 patients with membranous nephropathy (MN) and 20 deceased kidney donors. Dendrin was spatially evaluated on kidney tissue sections by immunofluorescence (IF) staining (IgAN patients, n = 4; nephrectomized kidneys, n = 3) and semi-quantified by immunogold electron microscopy (IgAN/IgAV patients, n = 21; MN, n = 5; living kidney donors, n = 6). Histopathological grading was performed according to the Oxford and Banff classifications. Clinical data were collected at the time of biopsy and follow-up. RESULTS Dendrin mRNA levels were higher (P = .01) in IgAN patients compared with MN patients and controls and most prominently in patients with preserved kidney function and fewer chronic histopathological changes. Whereas IF staining did not differ between groups, immunoelectron microscopy revealed that a higher relative nuclear dendrin concentration in IgAN patients was associated with a slower annual progression rate and milder histopathological changes. CONCLUSION Dendrin messenger RNA levels and relative nuclear protein concentrations are increased and associated with a more benign phenotype and progression in IgAN/IgAV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelina Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divison of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Barany
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divison of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Bruchfeld
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divison of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköpings Universitet Hälsouniversitetet, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Maria Herthelius
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wennberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Ebefors
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jaakko Patrakka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Mölne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kjell Hultenby
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Abstract
Fibroblasts, the principal cell type of connective tissue, secrete extracellular matrix components during tissue development, homeostasis, repair and disease. Despite this crucial role, the identification and distinction of fibroblasts from other cell types are challenging and laden with caveats. Rapid progress in single-cell transcriptomics now yields detailed molecular portraits of fibroblasts and other cell types in our bodies, which complement and enrich classical histological and immunological descriptions, improve cell class definitions and guide further studies on the functional heterogeneity of cell subtypes and states, origins and fates in physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in the understanding of fibroblast identification and heterogeneity and how they discriminate from other cell types. In this review, the authors look at how recent progress in single-cell transcriptomics complement and enrich the classical, largely morphological, portraits of fibroblasts. The detailed molecular information now available provides new insights into fibroblast identity, heterogeneity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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22
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Hultström M, Fromell K, Larsson A, Persson B, Nilsson B, Quaggin SE, Betsholtz C, Frithiof R, Lipcsey M, Jeansson M. Angiopoietin-2 Inhibition of Thrombomodulin-Mediated Anticoagulation—A Novel Mechanism That May Contribute to Hypercoagulation in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061333. [PMID: 35740360 PMCID: PMC9220312 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercoagulation and endothelial dysfunction play central roles in severe forms of COVID-19 infections, but the molecular mechanisms involved are unclear. Increased plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokine and TIE2 receptor antagonist Angiopoietin-2 were reported in severely ill COVID-19 patients. In vitro experiments suggest that Angiopoietin-2 bind and inhibits thrombomodulin. Thrombomodulin is expressed on the luminal surface of endothelial cells where it is an important member of the intrinsic anticoagulant pathway through activation of protein C. Using clinical data, mouse models, and in vitro assays, we tested if Angiopoietin-2 plays a causal role in COVID-19-associated hypercoagulation through direct inhibition of thrombin/thrombomodulin-mediated physiological anticoagulation. Angiopoietin-2 was measured in 61 patients at admission, and after 10 days in the 40 patients remaining in the ICU. We found that Angiopoietin-2 levels were increased in COVID-19 patients in correlation with disease severity, hypercoagulation, and mortality. In support of a direct effect of Angiopoietin-2 on coagulation, we found that injected Angiopoietin-2 in mice associated to thrombomodulin and resulted in a shortened tail bleeding time, decreased circulating levels of activated protein C, and increased plasma thrombin/antithrombin complexes. Conversely, bleeding time was increased in endothelial-specific Angiopoietin-2 knockout mice, while knockout of Tie2 had no effect on tail bleeding. Using in vitro assays, we found that Angiopoietin-2 inhibited thrombomodulin-mediated anticoagulation and protein C activation in human donor plasma. Our data suggest a novel in vivo mechanism for Angiopoietin-2 in COVID-19-associated hypercoagulation, implicating that Angiopoietin-2 inhibitors may be effective in the treatment of hypercoagulation in severe COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hultström
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.H.); (R.F.); (M.L.)
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Fromell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (K.F.); (B.P.); (B.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Barbro Persson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (K.F.); (B.P.); (B.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (K.F.); (B.P.); (B.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Susan E. Quaggin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (K.F.); (B.P.); (B.N.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Robert Frithiof
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.H.); (R.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Miklos Lipcsey
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.H.); (R.F.); (M.L.)
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, CIRRUS, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Jeansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (K.F.); (B.P.); (B.N.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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23
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Shoda J, Tanaka S, Etori K, Hattori K, Kasuya T, Ikeda K, Maezawa Y, Suto A, Suzuki K, Nakamura J, Maezawa Y, Takemoto M, Betsholtz C, Yokote K, Ohtori S, Nakajima H. Semaphorin 3G exacerbates joint inflammation through the accumulation and proliferation of macrophages in the synovium. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:134. [PMID: 35659346 PMCID: PMC9166515 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Methotrexate (MTX) is an anchor drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the precise mechanisms by which MTX stalls RA progression and alleviates the ensuing disease effects remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify novel therapeutic target molecules, the expression patterns of which are affected by MTX in patients with RA. Methods CD4+ T cells from 28 treatment-naïve patients with RA before and 3 months after the initiation of MTX treatment were subjected to DNA microarray analyses. The expression levels of semaphorin 3G, a differentially expressed gene, and its receptor, neuropilin-2, were evaluated in the RA synovium and collagen-induced arthritis synovium. Collagen-induced arthritis and collagen antibody-induced arthritis were induced in semaphorin3G-deficient mice and control mice, and the clinical score, histological score, and serum cytokines were assessed. The migration and proliferation of semaphorin 3G-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages were analyzed in vitro. The effect of local semaphorin 3G administration on the clinical score and number of infiltrating macrophages during collagen antibody-induced arthritis was evaluated. Results Semaphorin 3G expression in CD4+ T cells was downregulated by MTX treatment in RA patients. It was determined that semaphorin 3G is expressed in RA but not in the osteoarthritis synovium; its receptor neuropilin-2 is primarily expressed on activated macrophages. Semaphorin3G deficiency ameliorated collagen-induced arthritis and collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Semaphorin 3G stimulation enhanced the migration and proliferation of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Local administration of semaphorin 3G deteriorated collagen antibody-induced arthritis and increased the number of infiltrating macrophages. Conclusions Upregulation of semaphorin 3G in the RA synovium is a novel mechanism that exacerbates joint inflammation, leading to further deterioration, through macrophage accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Shoda
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keishi Etori
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koto Hattori
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Kasuya
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Ikeda
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Maezawa
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Suzuki
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology, and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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24
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Ando K, Tong L, Peng D, Vázquez-Liébanas E, Chiyoda H, He L, Liu J, Kawakami K, Mochizuki N, Fukuhara S, Grutzendler J, Betsholtz C. KCNJ8/ABCC9-containing K-ATP channel modulates brain vascular smooth muscle development and neurovascular coupling. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1383-1399.e7. [PMID: 35588738 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Loss- or gain-of-function mutations in ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K-ATP)-encoding genes, KCNJ8 and ABCC9, cause human central nervous system disorders with unknown pathogenesis. Here, using mice, zebrafish, and cell culture models, we investigated cellular and molecular causes of brain dysfunctions derived from altered K-ATP channel function. We show that genetic/chemical inhibition or activation of KCNJ8/ABCC9-containing K-ATP channel function leads to brain-selective suppression or promotion of arterial/arteriolar vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation, respectively. We further show that brain VSMCs develop from KCNJ8/ABCC9-containing K-ATP channel-expressing mural cell progenitor and that K-ATP channel cell autonomously regulates VSMC differentiation through modulation of intracellular Ca2+ oscillation via voltage-dependent calcium channels. Consistent with defective VSMC development, Kcnj8 knockout mice showed deficiency in vasoconstrictive capacity and neuronal-evoked vasodilation leading to local hyperemia. Our results demonstrate a role for KCNJ8/ABCC9-containing K-ATP channels in the differentiation of brain VSMC, which in turn is necessary for fine-tuning of cerebral blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ando
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisa Vázquez-Liébanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hirohisa Chiyoda
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institute, Campus Flemingsburg, Neo, Blickagången 16, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan; Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Jaime Grutzendler
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institute, Campus Flemingsburg, Neo, Blickagången 16, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden.
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Muhl L, He L, Sun Y, Andaloussi Mäe M, Pietilä R, Liu J, Genové G, Zhang L, Xie Y, Leptidis S, Mocci G, Stritt S, Osman A, Anisimov A, Hemanthakumar KA, Räsänen M, Hansson EM, Björkegren J, Vanlandewijck M, Blomgren K, Mäkinen T, Peng XR, Hu Y, Ernfors P, Arnold TD, Alitalo K, Lendahl U, Betsholtz C. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is expressed in mouse pericytes but not endothelial cells: Implications for COVID-19 vascular research. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1089-1104. [PMID: 35452595 PMCID: PMC9022216 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Humanized mouse models and mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 virus are increasingly used to study COVID-19 pathogenesis, so it is important to learn where the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is expressed. Here we mapped ACE2 expression during mouse postnatal development and in adulthood. Pericytes in the CNS, heart, and pancreas express ACE2 strongly, as do perineurial and adrenal fibroblasts, whereas endothelial cells do not at any location analyzed. In a number of other organs, pericytes do not express ACE2, including in the lung where ACE2 instead is expressed in bronchial epithelium and alveolar type II cells. The onset of ACE2 expression is organ specific: in bronchial epithelium already at birth, in brain pericytes before, and in heart pericytes after postnatal day 10.5. Establishing the vascular localization of ACE2 expression is central to correctly interpret data from modeling COVID-19 in the mouse and may shed light on the cause of vascular COVID-19 complications. Detailed Ace2/ACE2 expression patterns are reported for multiple mouse organs Vascular Ace2/ACE2 expression occurs in pericytes but not endothelial cells Ace2/ACE2 expression is organotypic and developmentally regulated Ace2/ACE2 expression in pericytes may suggest their involvement in COVID-19
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro-injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Riikka Pietilä
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Guillem Genové
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an China
| | - Stefanos Leptidis
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Simon Stritt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Andrey Anisimov
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Räsänen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emil M Hansson
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Johan Björkegren
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Rong Peng
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, AstraZeneca BioPharmaceutical R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yizhou Hu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Thomas D Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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27
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Peng D, Ando K, Hußmann M, Gloger M, Skoczylas R, Mochizuki N, Betsholtz C, Fukuhara S, Schulte-Merker S, Lawson ND, Koltowska K. Proper migration of lymphatic endothelial cells requires survival and guidance cues from arterial mural cells. eLife 2022; 11:e74094. [PMID: 35316177 PMCID: PMC9042226 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) is key for the development of the complex and vast lymphatic vascular network that pervades most tissues in an organism. In zebrafish, arterial intersegmental vessels together with chemokines have been shown to promote lymphatic cell migration from the horizontal myoseptum (HM). We observed that emergence of mural cells around the intersegmental arteries coincides with lymphatic departure from HM which raised the possibility that arterial mural cells promote LEC migration. Our live imaging and cell ablation experiments revealed that LECs migrate slower and fail to establish the lymphatic vascular network in the absence of arterial mural cells. We determined that mural cells are a source for the C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (Cxcl12a and Cxcl12b), vascular endothelial growth factor C (Vegfc) and collagen and calcium-binding EGF domain-containing protein 1 (Ccbe1). We showed that chemokine and growth factor signalling function cooperatively to induce robust LEC migration. Specifically, Vegfc-Vegfr3 signalling, but not chemokines, induces extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in LECs, and has an additional pro-survival role in LECs during the migration. Together, the identification of mural cells as a source for signals that guide LEC migration and survival will be important in the future design for rebuilding lymphatic vessels in disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Peng
- Uppsala University, Immunology Genetics and PathologyUppsalaSweden
| | - Koji Ando
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Melina Hußmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Marleen Gloger
- Uppsala University, Immunology Genetics and PathologyUppsalaSweden
| | - Renae Skoczylas
- Uppsala University, Immunology Genetics and PathologyUppsalaSweden
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research InstituteSuitaJapan
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Campus FlemingsbergHuddingeSweden
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute of Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
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Vazquez-Liebanas E, Nahar K, Bertuzzi G, Keller A, Betsholtz C, Mäe MA. Adult-induced genetic ablation distinguishes PDGFB roles in blood-brain barrier maintenance and development. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:264-279. [PMID: 34689641 PMCID: PMC8795218 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211056395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) released from endothelial cells is indispensable for pericyte recruitment during angiogenesis in embryonic and postnatal organ growth. Constitutive genetic loss-of-function of PDGFB leads to pericyte hypoplasia and the formation of a sparse, dilated and venous-shifted brain microvasculature with dysfunctional blood-brain barrier (BBB) in mice, as well as the formation of microvascular calcification in both mice and humans. Endothelial PDGFB is also expressed in the adult quiescent microvasculature, but here its importance is unknown. We show that deletion of Pdgfb in endothelial cells in 2-months-old mice causes a slowly progressing pericyte loss leading, at 12-18 months of age, to ≈50% decrease in endothelial:pericyte cell ratio, ≈60% decrease in pericyte longitudinal capillary coverage and >70% decrease in pericyte marker expression. Similar to constitutive loss of Pdgfb, this correlates with increased BBB permeability. However, in contrast to the constitutive loss of Pdgfb, adult-induced loss does not lead to vessel dilation, impaired arterio-venous zonation or the formation of microvascular calcifications. We conclude that PDFGB expression in quiescent adult microvascular brain endothelium is critical for the maintenance of pericyte coverage and normal BBB function, but that microvessel dilation, rarefaction, arterio-venous skewing and calcification reflect developmental roles of PDGFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Vazquez-Liebanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Khayrun Nahar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giacomo Bertuzzi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annika Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zürich University Hospital, Zürich University, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Campus Flemingsberg, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Maarja Andaloussi Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Zhou K, Han J, Lund H, Boggavarapu NR, Lauschke VM, Goto S, Cheng H, Wang Y, Tachi A, Xie C, Zhu K, Sun Y, Osman AM, Liang D, Han W, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Betsholtz C, Zhang XM, Zhu C, Enge M, Joseph B, Harris RA, Blomgren K. An overlooked subset of Cx3cr1wt/wt microglia in the Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse has a repopulation advantage over Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt microglia following microglial depletion. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:20. [PMID: 35062962 PMCID: PMC8783445 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fluorescent reporter labeling and promoter-driven Cre-recombinant technologies have facilitated cellular investigations of physiological and pathological processes, including the widespread use of the Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse strain for studies of microglia. Methods Immunohistochemistry, Flow Cytometry, RNA sequencing and whole-genome sequencing were used to identify the subpopulation of microglia in Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse brains. Genetically mediated microglia depletion using Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wtRosa26DTA/wt mice and CSF1 receptor inhibitor PLX3397 were used to deplete microglia. Primary microglia proliferation and migration assay were used for in vitro studies. Results We unexpectedly identified a subpopulation of microglia devoid of genetic modification, exhibiting higher Cx3cr1 and CX3CR1 expression than Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wtCre+Eyfp+ microglia in Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse brains, thus termed Cx3cr1highCre−Eyfp− microglia. This subpopulation constituted less than 1% of all microglia under homeostatic conditions, but after Cre-driven DTA-mediated microglial depletion, Cx3cr1highCre−Eyfp− microglia escaped depletion and proliferated extensively, eventually occupying one-third of the total microglial pool. We further demonstrated that the Cx3cr1highCre−Eyfp− microglia had lost their genetic heterozygosity and become homozygous for wild-type Cx3cr1. Therefore, Cx3cr1highCre−Eyfp− microglia are Cx3cr1wt/wtCre−Eyfp−. Finally, we demonstrated that CX3CL1–CX3CR1 signaling regulates microglial repopulation both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions Our results raise a cautionary note regarding the use of Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse strains, particularly when interpreting the results of fate mapping, and microglial depletion and repopulation studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02381-6.
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Crisan M, da bandeira DS, Kilpatrick A, Marques M, Gomez-salazar M, Ventura T, Gonzalez Z, Stefancova D, Rossi F, Vink C, Beltran M, Henderson N, Jung B, Van Der Linden R, Werken HVD, Van IJcken W, Betsholtz C, Forbes S, Cuervo H. 3060 – PDGFRΒ+ CELLS PLAY A DUAL ROLE AS HEMATOPOIETIC PRECURSORS AND NICHE CELLS DURING MOUSE ONTOGENY. Exp Hematol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Betsholtz C. Toward a granular molecular-anatomic map of the blood vasculature - single-cell RNA sequencing makes the leap. Ups J Med Sci 2022; 127:9051. [PMID: 36337278 PMCID: PMC9602202 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v127.9051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) marks the birth of a new era in physiology and medicine. Within foreseeable future, we will know exactly what genes are expressed - and at what levels - in all the different cell types and subtypes that make up our bodies. We will also learn how a particular cell state, whether it occurs during development, tissue repair, or disease, reflects precise changes in gene expression. While profoundly impacting all areas of life science, scRNAseq may lead to a particular leap in vascular biology research. Blood vessels pervade and fulfill essential functions in all organs, but the functions differ. Innumerable organ-specific vascular adaptations and specializations are required. These, in turn, are dictated by differential gene expression by the two principal cellular building blocks of blood vessels: endothelial cells and mural cells. An organotypic vasculature is essential for functions as diverse as thinking, gas exchange, urine excretion, and xenobiotic detoxification in the brain, lung, kidney, and liver, respectively. In addition to the organotypicity, vascular cells also differ along the vascular arterio-venous axis, referred to as zonation, differences that are essential for the regulation of blood pressure and flow. Moreover, gene expression-based molecular changes dictate states of cellular activity, necessary for angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and immune cell trafficking, i.e. functions necessary for development, inflammation, and repair. These different levels of cellular heterogeneity create a nearly infinite phenotypic diversity among vascular cells. In this review, I summarize and exemplify what scRNAseq has brought to the picture in just a few years and point out where it will take us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine-Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Zambrano S, He L, Kano T, Sun Y, Charrin E, Lal M, Betsholtz C, Suzuki Y, Patrakka J. Molecular insights into the early stage of glomerular injury in IgA nephropathy using single-cell RNA sequencing. Kidney Int 2021; 101:752-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Xie Y, He L, Lugano R, Zhang Y, Cao H, He Q, Chao M, Liu B, Cao Q, Wang J, Jiao Y, Hu Y, Han L, Zhang Y, Huang H, Uhrbom L, Betsholtz C, Wang L, Dimberg A, Zhang L. Key molecular alterations in endothelial cells in human glioblastoma uncovered through single-cell RNA sequencing. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e150861. [PMID: 34228647 PMCID: PMC8410070 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Passage of systemically delivered pharmacological agents into the brain is largely blocked by the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), an organotypic specialization of brain endothelial cells (ECs). Tumor vessels in glioblastoma (GBM), the most common malignant brain tumor in humans, are abnormally permeable, but this phenotype is heterogeneous and may differ between the tumor's center and invasive front. Here, through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of freshly isolated ECs from human glioblastoma and paired tumor peripheral tissues, we have constructed a molecular atlas of human brain ECs providing unprecedented molecular insight into the heterogeneity of the human BBB and its molecular alteration in glioblastoma. We identified 5 distinct EC phenotypes representing different states of EC activation and BBB impairment, and associated with different anatomical locations within and around the tumor. This unique data resource provides key information for designing rational therapeutic regimens and optimizing drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, China-Sweden International Joint Research Center for Brain Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro-injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Roberta Lugano
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, China-Sweden International Joint Research Center for Brain Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiyuan He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, China-Sweden International Joint Research Center for Brain Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Chao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boxuan Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, China
| | - Qingze Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, China-Sweden International Joint Research Center for Brain Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro-injury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liying Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Genergy Bio-technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lene Uhrbom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, China-Sweden International Joint Research Center for Brain Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.,Precision Medicine Center, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, China
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Huang H, Georganaki M, Conze LL, Laviña B, van Hooren L, Vemuri K, van de Walle T, Ramachandran M, Zhang L, Pontén F, Bergqvist M, Smits A, Betsholtz C, Dejana E, Magnusson PU, He L, Lugano R, Dimberg A. ELTD1-deletion reduces vascular abnormality and improves T-cell recruitment after PD-1 blockade in glioma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:398-411. [PMID: 34347079 PMCID: PMC8917395 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor vessels in glioma are molecularly and functionally abnormal, contributing to treatment resistance. Proteins differentially expressed in glioma vessels can change vessel phenotype and be targeted for therapy. ELTD1 (Adgrl4) is an orphan member of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor family upregulated in glioma vessels and has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target. However, the role of ELTD1 in regulating vessel function in glioblastoma is poorly understood. Methods ELTD1 expression in human gliomas and its association with patient survival was determined using tissue microarrays and public databases. The role of ELTD1 in regulating tumor vessel phenotype was analyzed using orthotopic glioma models and ELTD1−/− mice. Endothelial cells isolated from murine gliomas were transcriptionally profiled to determine differentially expressed genes and pathways. The consequence of ELTD1 deletion on glioma immunity was determined by treating tumor-bearing mice with PD-1-blocking antibodies. Results ELTD1 levels were upregulated in human glioma vessels, increased with tumor malignancy, and were associated with poor patient survival. Progression of orthotopic gliomas was not affected by ELTD1 deletion, however, tumor vascular function was improved in ELTD1−/− mice. Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated increased inflammatory response and decreased proliferation in tumor endothelium in ELTD1−/− mice. Consistent with an enhanced inflammatory response, ELTD1 deletion improved T-cell infiltration in GL261-bearing mice after PD-1 checkpoint blockade. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that ELTD1 participates in inducing vascular dysfunction in glioma, and suggest that targeting of ELTD1 may normalize the vessels and improve the response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Huang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Georganaki
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Liu Conze
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bàrbara Laviña
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luuk van Hooren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kalyani Vemuri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tiarne van de Walle
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohanraj Ramachandran
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Bergqvist
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University, Gävle Hospital, Gävle.,Department of Radiation Sciences and Oncology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå
| | - Anja Smits
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peetra U Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roberta Lugano
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
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Ando K, Shih YH, Ebarasi L, Grosse A, Portman D, Chiba A, Mattonet K, Gerri C, Stainier DYR, Mochizuki N, Fukuhara S, Betsholtz C, Lawson ND. Conserved and context-dependent roles for pdgfrb signaling during zebrafish vascular mural cell development. Dev Biol 2021; 479:11-22. [PMID: 34310924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Platelet derived growth factor beta and its receptor, Pdgfrb, play essential roles in the development of vascular mural cells, including pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. To determine if this role was conserved in zebrafish, we analyzed pdgfb and pdgfrb mutant lines. Similar to mouse, pdgfb and pdgfrb mutant zebrafish lack brain pericytes and exhibit anatomically selective loss of vascular smooth muscle coverage. Despite these defects, pdgfrb mutant zebrafish did not otherwise exhibit circulatory defects at larval stages. However, beginning at juvenile stages, we observed severe cranial hemorrhage and vessel dilation associated with loss of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in pdgfrb mutants. Similar to mouse, pdgfrb mutant zebrafish also displayed structural defects in the glomerulus, but normal development of hepatic stellate cells. We also noted defective mural cell investment on coronary vessels with concomitant defects in their development. Together, our studies support a conserved requirement for Pdgfrb signaling in mural cells. In addition, these zebrafish mutants provide an important model for definitive investigation of mural cells during early embryonic stages without confounding secondary effects from circulatory defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ando
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113 8602, Japan.
| | - Yu-Huan Shih
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01650, United States
| | - Lwaki Ebarasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Grosse
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01650, United States
| | - Daneal Portman
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01650, United States
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, 564 8565, Japan
| | - Kenny Mattonet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Gerri
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Human Embryo and Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, 564 8565, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113 8602, Japan
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Campus Flemingsberg, Neo, Blickagången 16, Hiss S, Plan 7, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01650, United States.
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Tillie RJHA, Theelen TL, van Kuijk K, Temmerman L, de Bruijn J, Gijbels M, Betsholtz C, Biessen EAL, Sluimer JC. A Switch from Cell-Associated to Soluble PDGF-B Protects against Atherosclerosis, despite Driving Extramedullary Hematopoiesis. Cells 2021; 10:1746. [PMID: 34359916 PMCID: PMC8308020 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) is a mitogenic, migratory and survival factor. Cell-associated PDGF-B recruits stabilizing pericytes towards blood vessels through retention in extracellular matrix. We hypothesized that the genetic ablation of cell-associated PDGF-B by retention motif deletion would reduce the local availability of PDGF-B, resulting in microvascular pericyte loss, microvascular permeability and exacerbated atherosclerosis. Therefore, Ldlr-/-Pdgfbret/ret mice were fed a high cholesterol diet. Although plaque size was increased in the aortic root of Pdgfbret/ret mice, microvessel density and intraplaque hemorrhage were unexpectedly unaffected. Plaque macrophage content was reduced, which is likely attributable to increased apoptosis, as judged by increased TUNEL+ cells in Pdgfbret/ret plaques (2.1-fold) and increased Pdgfbret/ret macrophage apoptosis upon 7-ketocholesterol or oxidized LDL incubation in vitro. Moreover, Pdgfbret/ret plaque collagen content increased independent of mesenchymal cell density. The decreased macrophage matrix metalloproteinase activity could partly explain Pdgfbret/ret collagen content. In addition to the beneficial vascular effects, we observed reduced body weight gain related to smaller fat deposition in Pdgfbret/ret liver and adipose tissue. While dampening plaque inflammation, Pdgfbret/ret paradoxically induced systemic leukocytosis. The increased incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine indicated increased extramedullary hematopoiesis and the increased proliferation of circulating leukocytes. We concluded that Pdgfbret/ret confers vascular and metabolic effects, which appeared to be protective against diet-induced cardiovascular burden. These effects were unrelated to arterial mesenchymal cell content or adventitial microvessel density and leakage. In contrast, the deletion drives splenic hematopoiesis and subsequent leukocytosis in hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée J. H. A. Tillie
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Thomas L. Theelen
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Kim van Kuijk
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Lieve Temmerman
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Jenny de Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
| | - Marion Gijbels
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.H.A.T.); (T.L.T.); (K.v.K.); (L.T.); (J.d.B.); (M.G.); (E.A.L.B.)
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences (CVS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Liu J, He L, Muhl L, Mocci G, Gustavsson S, Buyandelger B, Vanlandewijck M, Betsholtz C, Westermark B, Andrae J. A human cell type similar to murine central nervous system perivascular fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2021; 402:112576. [PMID: 33798592 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The brain vasculature has several specific features, one of them being the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which supports and protects the brain by allowing for the passage of oxygen and nutrients, while at the same time preventing passage of pathogens and toxins. The BBB also prevents efficient delivery of drugs to the brain, e.g. for treatment of brain tumors. In the murine brain, perivascular fibroblasts were recently identified as a novel potential constituent of the BBB. Here we present the existence of human cells that could be the equivalent to the murine brain perivascular fibroblasts. Using RNA sequencing, we show a similar transcriptomic profile of cultured human brain cells and murine perivascular fibroblasts. These data open up a window for new hypotheses on cell types involved in human CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lars Muhl
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sonja Gustavsson
- Single Cell Core Facility, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Byambajav Buyandelger
- Single Cell Core Facility, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bengt Westermark
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Mäe MA, He L, Nordling S, Vazquez-Liebanas E, Nahar K, Jung B, Li X, Tan BC, Foo JC, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Wenk MR, Zarb Y, Lavina B, Quaggin SE, Jeansson M, Gu C, Silver DL, Vanlandewijck M, Butcher EC, Keller A, Betsholtz C. Single-Cell Analysis of Blood-Brain Barrier Response to Pericyte Loss. Circ Res 2021; 128:e46-e62. [PMID: 33375813 PMCID: PMC10858745 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Pericytes are capillary mural cells playing a role in stabilizing newly formed blood vessels during development and tissue repair. Loss of pericytes has been described in several brain disorders, and genetically induced pericyte deficiency in the brain leads to increased macromolecular leakage across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the molecular details of the endothelial response to pericyte deficiency remain elusive. OBJECTIVE To map the transcriptional changes in brain endothelial cells resulting from lack of pericyte contact at single-cell level and to correlate them with regional heterogeneities in BBB function and vascular phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS We reveal transcriptional, morphological, and functional consequences of pericyte absence for brain endothelial cells using a combination of methodologies, including single-cell RNA sequencing, tracer analyses, and immunofluorescent detection of protein expression in pericyte-deficient adult Pdgfbret/ret mice. We find that endothelial cells without pericyte contact retain a general BBB-specific gene expression profile, however, they acquire a venous-shifted molecular pattern and become transformed regarding the expression of numerous growth factors and regulatory proteins. Adult Pdgfbret/ret brains display ongoing angiogenic sprouting without concomitant cell proliferation providing unique insights into the endothelial tip cell transcriptome. We also reveal heterogeneous modes of pericyte-deficient BBB impairment, where hotspot leakage sites display arteriolar-shifted identity and pinpoint putative BBB regulators. By testing the causal involvement of some of these using reverse genetics, we uncover a reinforcing role for angiopoietin 2 at the BBB. CONCLUSIONS By elucidating the complexity of endothelial response to pericyte deficiency at cellular resolution, our study provides insight into the importance of brain pericytes for endothelial arterio-venous zonation, angiogenic quiescence, and a limited set of BBB functions. The BBB-reinforcing role of ANGPT2 (angiopoietin 2) is paradoxical given its wider role as TIE2 (TEK receptor tyrosine kinase) receptor antagonist and may suggest a unique and context-dependent function of ANGPT2 in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarja A. Mäe
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Sofia Nordling
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Elisa Vazquez-Liebanas
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Khayrun Nahar
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bongnam Jung
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Present address: Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xidan Li
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC) and Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Bryan C. Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857
| | - Juat Chin Foo
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
- Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore
- Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Yvette Zarb
- Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Centrum, Zürich University Hospital, Zürich University, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091
| | - Barbara Lavina
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susan E. Quaggin
- Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Marie Jeansson
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC) and Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Chengua Gu
- Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | | | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC) and Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Eugene C. Butcher
- Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Annika Keller
- Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Centrum, Zürich University Hospital, Zürich University, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, CH-8091
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC) and Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Blickagången 16, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
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Nguyen QL, Okuno N, Hamashima T, Dang ST, Fujikawa M, Ishii Y, Enomoto A, Maki T, Nguyen HN, Nguyen VT, Fujimori T, Mori H, Andrae J, Betsholtz C, Takao K, Yamamoto S, Sasahara M. Vascular PDGFR-alpha protects against BBB dysfunction after stroke in mice. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:35-46. [PMID: 32918673 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09742-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) induces hemorrhagic transformation (HT) downstream of tissue plasminogen activator in thrombolytic therapy of acute stroke. Thus, PDGFs are attractive therapeutic targets for BBB dysfunction. In the present study, we examined the role of PDGF signaling in the process of tissue remodeling after middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Firstly, we found that imatinib increased lesion size after permanent MCAO in wild-type mice. Moreover, imatinib-induced HT only when administrated in the subacute phase of MCAO, but not in the acute phase. Secondly, we generated genetically mutated mice (C-KO mice) that showed decreased expression of perivascular PDGFRα. Additionally, transient MCAO experiments were performed in these mice. We found that the ischemic lesion size was not affected; however, the recruitment of PDGFRα/type I collagen-expressing perivascular cells was significantly downregulated, and HT and IgG leakage was augmented only in the subacute phase of stroke in C-KO mice. In both experiments, we found that the expression of tight junction proteins and PDGFRβ-expressing pericyte coverage was not significantly affected in imatinib-treated mice and in C-KO mice. The specific implication of PDGFRα signaling was suggestive of protective effects against BBB dysfunction during the subacute phase of stroke. Vascular TGF-β1 expression was downregulated in both imatinib-treated and C-KO mice, along with sustained levels of MMP9. Therefore, PDGFRα effects may be mediated by TGF-β1 which exerts potent protective effects in the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Linh Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Stroke Center, The 108 Military Central Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Noriko Okuno
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takeru Hamashima
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Son Tung Dang
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Miwa Fujikawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishii
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, Nagano, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Van Tuyen Nguyen
- Stroke Center, The 108 Military Central Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Toshihiko Fujimori
- Division of Embryology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Keizo Takao
- Division of Animal Resources and Development, Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Masakiyo Sasahara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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40
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Wu D, Wang S, Oliveira DV, Del Gaudio F, Vanlandewijck M, Lebouvier T, Betsholtz C, Zhao J, Jin S, Lendahl U, Karlström H. The infantile myofibromatosis NOTCH3 L1519P mutation leads to hyperactivated ligand-independent Notch signaling and increased PDGFRB expression. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm.046300. [PMID: 33509954 PMCID: PMC7927659 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile myofibromatosis (IMF) is a benign tumor form characterized by the development of nonmetastatic tumors in skin, bone, muscle and sometimes viscera. Autosomal dominant forms of IMF are caused by mutations in the PDGFRB gene, but a family carrying a L1519P mutation in the NOTCH3 gene has also recently been identified. In this report, we address the molecular consequences of the NOTCH3L1519P mutation and the relationship between the NOTCH and PDGFRB signaling in IMF. The NOTCH3L1519P receptor generates enhanced downstream signaling in a ligand-independent manner. Despite the enhanced signaling, the NOTCH3L1519P receptor is absent from the cell surface and instead accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, the localization of the NOTCH3L1519P receptor in the bipartite, heterodimeric state is altered, combined with avid secretion of the mutated extracellular domain from the cell. Chloroquine treatment strongly reduces the amount of secreted NOTCH3L1519P extracellular domain and decreases signaling. Finally, NOTCH3L1519P upregulates PDGFRB expression in fibroblasts, supporting a functional link between Notch and PDGF dysregulation in IMF. Collectively, our data define a NOTCH3-PDGFRB axis in IMF, where an IMF-mutated NOTCH3 receptor elevates PDGFRB expression. The functional characterization of a ligand-independent gain-of-function NOTCH3 mutation is important for Notch therapy considerations for IMF, including strategies aimed at altering lysosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, People's Republic of China
| | - Sailan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Daniel V Oliveira
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC), Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Inserm U1171, University of Lille, CHU, Memory Center, Distalz, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC), Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - ShaoBo Jin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center (ICMC), Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Helena Karlström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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McCracken IR, Saginc G, He L, Huseynov A, Daniels A, Fletcher S, Peghaire C, Kalna V, Andaloussi-Mäe M, Muhl L, Craig NM, Griffiths SJ, Haas JG, Tait-Burkard C, Lendahl U, Birdsey GM, Betsholtz C, Noseda M, Baker AH, Randi AM. Lack of Evidence of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Expression and Replicative Infection by SARS-CoV-2 in Human Endothelial Cells. Circulation 2021; 143:865-868. [PMID: 33405941 PMCID: PMC7899720 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.052824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian R McCracken
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science (I.R.M., A.H.B.), University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, United Kingdom
| | - Gaye Saginc
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.H., M.A.-M., C.B.).,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China (L.H.)
| | - Alik Huseynov
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Alison Daniels
- Infection Medicine (A.D., S.J.G., J.G.H.), University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Fletcher
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom (S.F., N.M.C., C.T.-B.)
| | - Claire Peghaire
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Viktoria Kalna
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Maarja Andaloussi-Mäe
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.H., M.A.-M., C.B.)
| | - Lars Muhl
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (L.M., U.L., C.B.), Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Nicky M Craig
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom (S.F., N.M.C., C.T.-B.)
| | - Samantha J Griffiths
- Infection Medicine (A.D., S.J.G., J.G.H.), University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen G Haas
- Infection Medicine (A.D., S.J.G., J.G.H.), University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Tait-Burkard
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom (S.F., N.M.C., C.T.-B.)
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (L.M., U.L., C.B.), Karolinska Institute, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (U.L.)
| | - Graeme M Birdsey
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.H., M.A.-M., C.B.).,Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (L.M., U.L., C.B.), Karolinska Institute, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (C.B.), Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Michela Noseda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science (I.R.M., A.H.B.), University of Edinburgh, Little France Crescent, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M Randi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (G.S., A.H., C.P., V.K., G.M.B., M.N., A.M.R.)
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42
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Hariharan A, Weir N, Robertson C, He L, Betsholtz C, Longden TA. The Ion Channel and GPCR Toolkit of Brain Capillary Pericytes. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:601324. [PMID: 33390906 PMCID: PMC7775489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.601324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes reside on the abluminal surface of capillaries, and their processes cover ~90% of the length of the capillary bed. These cells were first described almost 150 years ago (Eberth, 1871; Rouget, 1873) and have been the subject of intense experimental scrutiny in recent years, but their physiological roles remain uncertain and little is known of the complement of signaling elements that they employ to carry out their functions. In this review, we synthesize functional data with single-cell RNAseq screens to explore the ion channel and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) toolkit of mesh and thin-strand pericytes of the brain, with the aim of providing a framework for deeper explorations of the molecular mechanisms that govern pericyte physiology. We argue that their complement of channels and receptors ideally positions capillary pericytes to play a central role in adapting blood flow to meet the challenge of satisfying neuronal energy requirements from deep within the capillary bed, by enabling dynamic regulation of their membrane potential to influence the electrical output of the cell. In particular, we outline how genetic and functional evidence suggest an important role for Gs-coupled GPCRs and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in this context. We put forth a predictive model for long-range hyperpolarizing electrical signaling from pericytes to upstream arterioles, and detail the TRP and Ca2+ channels and Gq, Gi/o, and G12/13 signaling processes that counterbalance this. We underscore critical questions that need to be addressed to further advance our understanding of the signaling topology of capillary pericytes, and how this contributes to their physiological roles and their dysfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Hariharan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nick Weir
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Colin Robertson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet & Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thomas A Longden
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
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43
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Räsänen M, Sultan I, Paech J, Hemanthakumar KA, Yu W, He L, Tang J, Sun Y, Hlushchuk R, Huan X, Armstrong E, Khoma OZ, Mervaala E, Djonov V, Betsholtz C, Zhou B, Kivelä R, Alitalo K. VEGF-B Promotes Endocardium-Derived Coronary Vessel Development and Cardiac Regeneration. Circulation 2020; 143:65-77. [PMID: 33203221 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.050635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent discoveries have indicated that, in the developing heart, sinus venosus and endocardium provide major sources of endothelium for coronary vessel growth that supports the expanding myocardium. Here we set out to study the origin of the coronary vessels that develop in response to vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) in the heart and the effect of VEGF-B on recovery from myocardial infarction. METHODS We used mice and rats expressing a VEGF-B transgene, VEGF-B-gene-deleted mice and rats, apelin-CreERT, and natriuretic peptide receptor 3-CreERT recombinase-mediated genetic cell lineage tracing and viral vector-mediated VEGF-B gene transfer in adult mice. Left anterior descending coronary vessel ligation was performed, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine-mediated proliferating cell cycle labeling; flow cytometry; histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical methods; single-cell RNA sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analysis; microcomputed tomography; and fluorescent- and tracer-mediated vascular perfusion imaging analyses were used to study the development and function of the VEGF-B-induced vessels in the heart. RESULTS We show that cardiomyocyte overexpression of VEGF-B in mice and rats during development promotes the growth of novel vessels that originate directly from the cardiac ventricles and maintain connection with the coronary vessels in subendocardial myocardium. In adult mice, endothelial proliferation induced by VEGF-B gene transfer was located predominantly in the subendocardial coronary vessels. Furthermore, VEGF-B gene transduction before or concomitantly with ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery promoted endocardium-derived vessel development into the myocardium and improved cardiac tissue remodeling and cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS The myocardial VEGF-B transgene promotes the formation of endocardium-derived coronary vessels during development, endothelial proliferation in subendocardial myocardium in adult mice, and structural and functional rescue of cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction. VEGF-B could provide a new therapeutic strategy for cardiac neovascularization after coronary occlusion to rescue the most vulnerable myocardial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Räsänen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | - Ibrahim Sultan
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | - Jennifer Paech
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | - Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | - Wei Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (W.Y., J.T., X.H., B.Z.)
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, China (L.H.).,Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.H., Y.S., C.B.)
| | - Juan Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (W.Y., J.T., X.H., B.Z.)
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden (L.H., Y.S., C.B.)
| | - Ruslan Hlushchuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Switzerland (R.H., O.-Z.K., V.D.)
| | - Xiuzheng Huan
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (W.Y., J.T., X.H., B.Z.)
| | - Emma Armstrong
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | | | - Eero Mervaala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland (E.M.)
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Switzerland (R.H., O.-Z.K., V.D.)
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden (C.B.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (W.Y., J.T., X.H., B.Z.)
| | - Riikka Kivelä
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine (M.R., I.S., J.P., K.A.H., E.A., R.K., K.A.)
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44
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Muhl L, Genové G, Leptidis S, Liu J, He L, Mocci G, Sun Y, Gustafsson S, Buyandelger B, Chivukula IV, Segerstolpe Å, Raschperger E, Hansson EM, Björkegren JLM, Peng XR, Vanlandewijck M, Lendahl U, Betsholtz C. Single-cell analysis uncovers fibroblast heterogeneity and criteria for fibroblast and mural cell identification and discrimination. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3953. [PMID: 32769974 PMCID: PMC7414220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many important cell types in adult vertebrates have a mesenchymal origin, including fibroblasts and vascular mural cells. Although their biological importance is undisputed, the level of mesenchymal cell heterogeneity within and between organs, while appreciated, has not been analyzed in detail. Here, we compare single-cell transcriptional profiles of fibroblasts and vascular mural cells across four murine muscular organs: heart, skeletal muscle, intestine and bladder. We reveal gene expression signatures that demarcate fibroblasts from mural cells and provide molecular signatures for cell subtype identification. We observe striking inter- and intra-organ heterogeneity amongst the fibroblasts, primarily reflecting differences in the expression of extracellular matrix components. Fibroblast subtypes localize to discrete anatomical positions offering novel predictions about physiological function(s) and regulatory signaling circuits. Our data shed new light on the diversity of poorly defined classes of cells and provide a foundation for improved understanding of their roles in physiological and pathological processes. To define and distinguish fibroblasts from vascular mural cells have remained challenging. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and tissue imaging, the authors provide a molecular basis for cell type classification and reveal inter- and intra-organ diversity of these cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Muhl
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Guillem Genové
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Stefanos Leptidis
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jianping Liu
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury, Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, China.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammerskjölds väg 20, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Mocci
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammerskjölds väg 20, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sonja Gustafsson
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Byambajav Buyandelger
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Indira V Chivukula
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elisabeth Raschperger
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Emil M Hansson
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Rong Peng
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM) BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammerskjölds väg 20, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Urban Lendahl
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Blickagången 6, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14157, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammerskjölds väg 20, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
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45
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Santander N, Lizama CO, Meky E, McKinsey GL, Jung B, Sheppard D, Betsholtz C, Arnold TD. Lack of Flvcr2 impairs brain angiogenesis without affecting the blood-brain barrier. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:4055-4068. [PMID: 32369453 PMCID: PMC7410045 DOI: 10.1172/jci136578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowler syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive brain vascular disorder caused by mutation in FLVCR2 in humans. The disease occurs during a critical period of brain vascular development, is characterized by glomeruloid vasculopathy and hydrocephalus, and is almost invariably prenatally fatal. Here, we sought to gain insights into the process of brain vascularization and the pathogenesis of Fowler syndrome by inactivating Flvcr2 in mice. We showed that Flvcr2 was necessary for angiogenic sprouting in the brain, but surprisingly dispensable for maintaining the blood-brain barrier. Endothelial cells lacking Flvcr2 had altered expression of angiogenic factors, failed to adopt tip cell properties, and displayed reduced sprouting, leading to vascular malformations similar to those seen in humans with Fowler syndrome. Brain hypovascularization was associated with hypoxia and tissue infarction, ultimately causing hydrocephalus and death of mutant animals. Strikingly, despite severe vascular anomalies and brain tissue infarction, the blood-brain barrier was maintained in Flvcr2 mutant mice. Our Fowler syndrome model therefore defined the pathobiology of this disease and provided new insights into brain angiogenesis by showing uncoupling of vessel morphogenesis and blood-brain barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos O. Lizama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Bongnam Jung
- Integrated Cardiometabolic Center, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Cell Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Integrated Cardiometabolic Center, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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46
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Zhang Y, Cedervall J, Hamidi A, Herre M, Viitaniemi K, D'Amico G, Miao Z, Unnithan RVM, Vaccaro A, van Hooren L, Georganaki M, Thulin Å, Qiao Q, Andrae J, Siegbahn A, Heldin CH, Alitalo K, Betsholtz C, Dimberg A, Olsson AK. Platelet-Specific PDGFB Ablation Impairs Tumor Vessel Integrity and Promotes Metastasis. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3345-3358. [PMID: 32586981 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) plays a crucial role in recruitment of PDGF receptor β-positive pericytes to blood vessels. The endothelium is an essential source of PDGFB in this process. Platelets constitute a major reservoir of PDGFB and are continuously activated in the tumor microenvironment, exposing tumors to the plethora of growth factors contained in platelet granules. Here, we show that tumor vascular function, as well as pericyte coverage is significantly impaired in mice with conditional knockout of PDGFB in platelets. A lack of PDGFB in platelets led to enhanced hypoxia and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the primary tumors, elevated levels of circulating tumor cells, and increased spontaneous metastasis to the liver or lungs in two mouse models. These findings establish a previously unknown role for platelet-derived PDGFB, whereby it promotes and maintains vascular integrity in the tumor microenvironment by contributing to the recruitment of pericytes. SIGNIFICANCE: Conditional knockout of PDGFB in platelets demonstrates its previously unknown role in the maintenance of tumor vascular integrity and host protection against metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Cedervall
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anahita Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Melanie Herre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kati Viitaniemi
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriela D'Amico
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zuoxiu Miao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ragaseema Valsala Madhavan Unnithan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Biotechnology, Govt. Arts College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Alessandra Vaccaro
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luuk van Hooren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Georganaki
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åsa Thulin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,ICMC (Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre), Karolinska Institutet, Novum, Blickagången 6, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
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47
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Wang G, Muhl L, Padberg Y, Dupont L, Peterson-Maduro J, Stehling M, le Noble F, Colige A, Betsholtz C, Schulte-Merker S, van Impel A. Specific fibroblast subpopulations and neuronal structures provide local sources of Vegfc-processing components during zebrafish lymphangiogenesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2724. [PMID: 32483144 PMCID: PMC7264274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytical processing of the growth factor VEGFC through the concerted activity of CCBE1 and ADAMTS3 is required for lymphatic development to occur. How these factors act together in time and space, and which cell types produce these factors is not understood. Here we assess the function of Adamts3 and the related protease Adamts14 during zebrafish lymphangiogenesis and show both proteins to be able to process Vegfc. Only the simultaneous loss of both protein functions results in lymphatic defects identical to vegfc loss-of-function situations. Cell transplantation experiments demonstrate neuronal structures and/or fibroblasts to constitute cellular sources not only for both proteases but also for Ccbe1 and Vegfc. We further show that this locally restricted Vegfc maturation is needed to trigger normal lymphatic sprouting and directional migration. Our data provide a single-cell resolution model for establishing secretion and processing hubs for Vegfc during developmental lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Wang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lars Muhl
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Padberg
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laura Dupont
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Biology, GIGA, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Martin Stehling
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Ferdinand le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Zoological Institute and Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alain Colige
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Biology, GIGA, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Andreas van Impel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, WWU Münster, Münster, Germany.
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48
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He Q, Li X, He L, Li Y, Betsholtz C, Welsh M. Pericyte dysfunction due to Shb gene deficiency increases B16F10 melanoma lung metastasis. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2634-2644. [PMID: 32441314 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intravasation, vascular dissemination and metastasis of malignant tumor cells require their passage through the vascular wall which is commonly composed of pericytes and endothelial cells. We currently decided to investigate the relative contribution of these cell types to B16F10 melanoma metastasis in mice using an experimental model of host Shb gene (Src homology 2 domain-containing protein B) inactivation. Conditional inactivation of Shb in endothelial cells using Cdh5-CreERt2 resulted in decreased tumor growth, reduced vascular leakage, increased hypoxia and no effect on pericyte coverage and lung metastasis. RNAseq of tumor endothelial cells from these mice revealed changes in cellular components such as adherens junctions and focal adhesions by gene ontology analysis that were in line with the observed effects on leakage and junction morphology. Conditional inactivation of Shb in pericytes using Pdgfrb-CreERt2 resulted in decreased pericyte coverage of small tumor vessels with lumen, increased leakage, aberrant platelet-derived growth factor receptor B (PDGFRB) signaling and a higher frequency of lung metastasis without concomitant effects on tumor growth or oxygenation. Flow cytometry failed to reveal immune cell alterations that could explain the metastatic phenotype in this genetic model of Shb deficiency. It is concluded that proper pericyte function plays a significant role in suppressing B16F10 lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi He
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yousheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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49
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Gouveia L, Kraut S, Hadzic S, Vazquéz-Liébanas E, Kojonazarov B, Wu CY, Veith C, He L, Mermelekas G, Schermuly RT, Weissmann N, Betsholtz C, Andrae J. Lung developmental arrest caused by PDGF-A deletion: consequences for the adult mouse lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L831-L843. [PMID: 32186397 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00295.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PDGF-A is a key contributor to lung development in mice. Its expression is needed for secondary septation of the alveoli and deletion of the gene leads to abnormally enlarged alveolar air spaces in mice. In humans, the same phenotype is the hallmark of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease that affects premature babies and may have long lasting consequences in adulthood. So far, the knowledge regarding adult effects of developmental arrest in the lung is limited. This is attributable to few follow-up studies of BPD survivors and lack of good experimental models that could help predict the outcomes of this early age disease for the adult individual. In this study, we used the constitutive lung-specific Pdgfa deletion mouse model to analyze the consequences of developmental lung defects in adult mice. We assessed lung morphology, physiology, cellular content, ECM composition and proteomics data in mature mice, that perinatally exhibited lungs with a BPD-like morphology. Histological and physiological analyses both revealed that enlarged alveolar air spaces remained until adulthood, resulting in higher lung compliance and higher respiratory volume in knockout mice. Still, no or only small differences were seen in cellular, ECM and protein content when comparing knockout and control mice. Taken together, our results indicate that Pdgfa deletion-induced lung developmental arrest has consequences for the adult lung at the morphological and functional level. In addition, these mice can reach adulthood with a BPD-like phenotype, which makes them a robust model to further investigate the pathophysiological progression of the disease and test putative regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Gouveia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simone Kraut
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hadzic
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Elisa Vazquéz-Liébanas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Cheng-Yu Wu
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Veith
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Georgios Mermelekas
- Cancer Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Justus-Liebig University of Giessen (JLUG), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johanna Andrae
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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50
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Engelbrecht E, Levesque MV, He L, Vanlandewijck M, Nitzsche A, Niazi H, Kuo A, Singh SA, Aikawa M, Holton K, Proia RL, Kono M, Pu WT, Camerer E, Betsholtz C, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate-regulated transcriptomes in heterogenous arterial and lymphatic endothelium of the aorta. eLife 2020; 9:52690. [PMID: 32091396 PMCID: PMC7054001 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the medical importance of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in vivo cellular heterogeneity of GPCR signaling and downstream transcriptional responses are not understood. We report the comprehensive characterization of transcriptomes (bulk and single-cell) and chromatin domains regulated by sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) in adult mouse aortic endothelial cells. First, S1PR1 regulates NFκB and nuclear glucocorticoid receptor pathways to suppress inflammation-related mRNAs. Second, S1PR1 signaling in the heterogenous endothelial cell (EC) subtypes occurs at spatially-distinct areas of the aorta. For example, a transcriptomically distinct arterial EC population at vascular branch points (aEC1) exhibits ligand-independent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling. In contrast, circulatory S1P-dependent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling was observed in non-branch point aEC2 cells that exhibit an inflammatory gene expression signature. Moreover, S1P/S1PR1 signaling regulates the expression of lymphangiogenic and inflammation-related transcripts in an adventitial lymphatic EC (LEC) population in a ligand-dependent manner. These insights add resolution to existing concepts of endothelial heterogeneity, GPCR signaling and S1P biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Engelbrecht
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Michel V Levesque
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michael Vanlandewijck
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anja Nitzsche
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Hira Niazi
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Kristina Holton
- Harvard Medical School Research Computing, Boston, United States
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Eric Camerer
- Université de Paris, INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Deapartment of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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